WO2009112534A1 - Device for mixing, measuring and moistening pulverulent materials - Google Patents

Device for mixing, measuring and moistening pulverulent materials Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009112534A1
WO2009112534A1 PCT/EP2009/052880 EP2009052880W WO2009112534A1 WO 2009112534 A1 WO2009112534 A1 WO 2009112534A1 EP 2009052880 W EP2009052880 W EP 2009052880W WO 2009112534 A1 WO2009112534 A1 WO 2009112534A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mixing
column
dosing device
materials
adjustable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/052880
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Marie Brouard
Original Assignee
Brouard, Annick
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brouard, Annick filed Critical Brouard, Annick
Publication of WO2009112534A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009112534A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
    • B28B7/46—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for humidifying or dehumidifying
    • B28B7/465—Applying setting liquid to dry mixtures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/70—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material
    • B01F25/72—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material with nozzles
    • B01F25/721—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material with nozzles for spraying a fluid on falling particles or on a liquid curtain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/80—Falling particle mixers, e.g. with repeated agitation along a vertical axis
    • B01F25/83—Falling particle mixers, e.g. with repeated agitation along a vertical axis with receptacles provided with fixed guiding elements therein, e.g. baffles; Cross-mixers comprising crossing channels for guiding the falling particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/80—Falling particle mixers, e.g. with repeated agitation along a vertical axis
    • B01F25/90—Falling particle mixers, e.g. with repeated agitation along a vertical axis with moving or vibrating means, e.g. stirrers, for enhancing the mixing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/02—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions without using driven mechanical means effecting the mixing
    • B28C5/06—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions without using driven mechanical means effecting the mixing the mixing being effected by the action of a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
    • B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
    • B28C7/12—Supplying or proportioning liquid ingredients
    • B28C7/126—Supply means, e.g. nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for mixing pulverulent materials for dosing, moistening and / or dosing such a mixture for subsequent shaping.
  • mixing and dosing of such mixtures of pulverulent materials, such as cement, which are subsequently to be processed to obtain blocks or plates can be carried out separately, the mixing being carried out mainly in vertical mechanical mixers or such as a concrete mixer.
  • vertical mechanical mixers or such as a concrete mixer are successively introduced, or concomitantly, the desired amounts of powder materials to mix and a quantity of liquid (mostly water) sufficient to obtain a homogeneous wet mixture.
  • liquid mostly water
  • pulverulent materials to be kneaded can be very fragile and, therefore, are susceptible to partial compression due to this kneading which results in a partial loss of their properties.
  • the introduction into such mixtures of vermiculite leads, during its partial compression, to a loss of its insulating properties.
  • the wet mixing using a quantity of water greater than the necessary stoichiometric amount leads to difficulties in forming by casting the mixture when it contains light powdery materials which then have the ability to float. in the kneader, generally leading to segregation of these light powdery materials, thereby making it difficult to form and make blocks from such blends.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a device for mixing pulverulent materials which allows, on the one hand, to produce mixtures comprising fragile pulverulent materials and, on the other hand, to produce mixtures of powder materials of different densities without segregation occurring during their formatting.
  • a device for mixing pulverulent materials comprising a hopper intended to contain the powdery materials and having, at a low point, an opening having a section of predetermined shape and allowing a drop in column of pulverulent materials having a section of substantially the shape of the opening, characterized in that it further comprises at least one series of adjustable vertical spray nozzles for projecting a liquid under pressure substantially parallel to the fall in column so to guarantee throughout the drop the shape section of the opening, and a series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles for projecting a liquid under pressure on the columnar drop of powdery materials in order to achieve a mixture of liquid and predetermined pulverulent materials at the column drop.
  • the mixing device has at least one of the following characteristics: the series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles is situated in a plane substantially perpendicular to a vertical mean plane of the column chute;
  • the series of horizontal projection adjustable nozzles is intended to project the liquid in substantially horizontal jets
  • the adjustable projection nozzles are arranged so as to form "mirror" liquid jets
  • the hopper comprises, upstream of the opening, means for distributing the powdery materials
  • the distribution means comprise scrapers intended to move around the opening;
  • the distribution means comprise a vibration generator;
  • the distribution means comprise scrapers pair, a scraper of a pair moving in phase opposition relative to the other scraper of the pair;
  • the hopper comprises at least two compartments.
  • the invention also proposes a mixing device according to any one of the preceding claims and a rolling mill, the rolling mill comprising an inlet, two trains, each mounted on two rollers, characterized in that the adjustable projection nozzles project jets said " with a mirror "which converge towards a zone of convergence of the chute in column in front of the entrance of the rolling mill.
  • the device for producing plates has the following characteristic:
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b are schematic views of a mixing device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of a series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles in the device of FIGS. 1a and 1b; and
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mixing device coupled to a rolling mill for the manufacture of plates.
  • the mixing device 1 comprises a hopper 3 in which are introduced separately or concomitantly different pulverulent materials 2 to be mixed.
  • the hopper 3 is compartmentalized forming at least two compartments, each compartment is separated from the others by a partition wall 14 and can contain a given powder material and intended to be mixed by the mixing device 1 according to the invention (as illustrated in Figure Ib).
  • the hopper 3 has, at a low point, an opening 10 through which the powdery materials to be mixed can flow.
  • This opening 10 has a predetermined geometric shape as a function of a receptacle 12 in which is intended to be introduced the mixture produced by the mixing device 1 according to the invention.
  • the geometric shape of the opening 10 through which the powdery materials pass to form the column chute 7 must have dimensions in relation to the receptacle 12 in which is intended to fall said column chute 7, on the one hand, and on the other hand, must be a function of the possibility of penetration of the liquid sprayed under pressure by the adjustable jet nozzles 6 inside the mixture produced in said column drop 7.
  • the geometric shape of the opening 10 through which the powdery materials pass to form the column chute 7 must have dimensions in relation to the receptacle 12 in which is intended to fall said column chute 7, on the one hand, and on the other hand, must be a function of the possibility of penetration of the liquid sprayed under pressure by the adjustable jet nozzles 6 inside the mixture produced in said column drop 7.
  • the opening 10 is of substantially rectangular shape, a length of which corresponds to a length of the receptacle 12 in or in front of which the powdery materials are deposited in column form. If the hopper 3 is compartmentalized, the opening and the separation walls act together to form openings whose sections are designed to allow a dosage of the materials to be mixed.
  • the receptacle 12 is either a mold, or banches, or a rolling mill.
  • the walls (and possibly the partition walls) of the hopper 3 around the orifice 10 comprise means 4 for distributing the powdery materials before the latter escape through the opening 10.
  • the distribution means 4 comprise scrapers which move around the opening 10 on one side of the walls of the hopper 2 facing inwardly of said hopper 2.
  • the distribution means comprise scrapers which are assembled in pairs. During their implementation, in each pair, one of the two scrapers component moves in phase opposition relative to the other scrapers component pair.
  • the distribution means comprise alternatively a vibration generator.
  • Such a structure prevents the appearance of any mass of powdery materials on the sides of the walls of the hopper around the opening during their implementation.
  • this fall 7 is in the form of a column.
  • the mixing device 1 comprises a series of adjustable vertical projection nozzles 5 which are intended to project a liquid under pressure along a jet 9 substantially parallel to the axis of the column drop 7.
  • This series of adjustable nozzles vertical projection 5 is disposed around and downstream of the opening 10 of the hopper 3 of the mixing device 1 according to the invention.
  • This series of adjustable vertical spray nozzles 5 has two main functions.
  • the first function is to cause in the jet thus created any particle of powdery materials that would be released, for various reasons, from the fall in column 7 and in particular the lightest materials.
  • the second function is to complete the wetting of the pulverulent materials mixed by the mixing device 1 according to the invention and located inside the column chute and that the jets of a series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles 6 n ' have not reached. This additional wetting is carried out during the gradual distribution of the mixture thus produced 11 in the receptacle 12 located at the bottom of the column chute 7.
  • the series of adjustable vertical projection nozzles 5 is uniformly distributed around the column chute 7 and is arranged so as to project the liquid in the form of jets 9 called "mirror".
  • the mixing device 1 At the level of the chute 7, the mixing device 1 according to the invention comprises a series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles 6 intended to project a liquid under pressure onto the column chute 7.
  • the series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles 6 comprises four adjustable projection nozzles 6, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the four adjustable projection nozzles 6 are located substantially in a plane substantially perpendicular to a vertical mean plane of the column chute 7.
  • the adjustable projection nozzles 6 are arranged around the column chute 7 in order to strike the latter at different angles in order to touch as much surface as possible and thus ensuring the best wetting with the liquid sprayed powder materials forming the column chute 7.
  • Each of the adjustable projection nozzles 6 forming the horizontal projection series is arranged so as to project the pressurized liquid in the form of "mirror" jets 8.
  • the projection performed by the adjustable projection nozzles 6 is directed substantially horizontally in order to "strike" the column drop 7 substantially perpendicularly.
  • the projection is made according to an incidence having an angle with the horizontal.
  • the projection of liquid by the series of horizontal projection adjustable nozzles 6 is directed towards the base of the drop column, that is to say substantially at the receptacle 12.
  • the mirror jets of the series of adjustable vertical and horizontal projection nozzles 5, 6 converge towards a so-called convergence zone Zc located in or in front of the receptacle 12 (for example, in a mold or in front of the inlet of a rolling mill ).
  • this convergence zone Zc the materials are moved in order to allow their mixing.
  • spray nozzles 5 and 6 are adjustable makes it possible to optimally adjust the power of the jets, so that the materials can be moved relative to each other during the fall and before they are put in place.
  • the power of the mirror jets 8, 9 and the thickness of the column 7 are chosen so that the liquid spray can reach the middle of the column so that all the grains of the mixture are moved and wetted by them. mirror jets.
  • the mixing device makes possible the incorporation of liquid compounds in a very small amount which are previously mixed with the liquid used to wet the powdery materials.
  • the liquids may comprise in different proportions or not, and without limitation: a resin, a hardener, a liquid dye. This allows a variety of applications.
  • the receptacle 12 receives at the end of the fall 7 an almost dry mixture 11 (to be contrasted with the wet mixture obtained by the present methods and cited in the preamble of the description) containing the various powdery materials mixed homogeneously and the right amount of liquid. necessary to obtain the ideal cohesion adapted to their shaping in said receptacle 12.
  • the mixing device 1 according to the invention described above makes it possible to use powdery materials such as plaster, fast cement or molten cement, which have the property of reacting as soon as they are moistened and which can no longer be properly put in place. by the traditional methods previously described.
  • An advantage of this device is that it can mix pulverulent materials in the desired proportions without the intervention of a mechanical element, simply by their mutual displacement under the effect of the jets 8, 9 of the mirror-pressure liquid acting at the level of the zone. of convergence, where the mixture is put in place.
  • Another advantage is to allow humidification of a dry mixture, before its introduction, this mixture being based on very reactive binder such as plaster or fast cement like molten cement ensuring a good distribution of the liquid whatever the volume (for example, that indicated by a "proctor" test, that is to say the minimum necessary volume).
  • very reactive binder such as plaster or fast cement like molten cement
  • Another advantage is that, because no material to be mixed is in contact with palettes of a kneader, the highly reactive binders do not grip the pallets or the kneader;
  • Another advantage is that fragile materials (eg perlite), loose (eg vermiculite) or compressible (eg compensated polystyrene) are set up, and wet, respecting their characteristics. It is only after their removal that it will be possible to model them or to conform them to their new function.
  • fragile materials eg perlite
  • loose eg vermiculite
  • compressible eg compensated polystyrene
  • the mixture of materials once mixed by the device according to the invention, has a desired consistency, for example pasty or even apparently dry although consistent. Coherence is obtained by a good coating of the powdery materials by the liquid (s) used (s).
  • the mixture 1 produced is almost dry.
  • the rolling mill which comprises two trains, each set in motion by two rollers connected by a belt.
  • one train 21 is stationary (lower gear) and the other 22 (upper gear) is movable around the nearest roller 221 of the column chute.
  • the trains 21, 22 also comprise compression rollers, to constrain the mixture, between the moving rollers.
  • the moving rollers can also serve as compression rollers.
  • the lower gear 21 has no belt.
  • a peelable material is then used and placed between the train 21 and the plate to be formed.
  • a compression ratio of the mixture 1 is determined by an angle made by the moving train 22 with respect to the fixed gear 21; that is, the height difference from the horizontal lower gear 21 between the nearest roller 221 of the column chute and the furthest roller 222 from the column chute of the upper train 22.
  • a selection of the distance separating the first roll from the last compression roll makes it possible to play on a compression speed and thus on a mixing time.
  • the plates are cut as soon as they leave the rolling mill. Since the rolling mill is shorter than conventionally used rolling mills, the cutting is done earlier and the total manufacturing time of such plates is substantially shortened.

Abstract

Device (1) for mixing and measuring pulverulent materials, comprising a hopper (3) intended to contain the pulverulent materials (2) and having, at a low point, an opening (10) the cross section of which is of predetermined shape and which allows the pulverulent materials to drop in a column (7) of a cross section of a shape substantially that of the opening, characterized in that it further comprises at least one series of adjustable spray nozzles (5) that spray vertically, which series is intended to spray a pressurized liquid substantially parallel to the falling column, so as to ensure that the falling material remains in the cross-sectional shape of the opening along the entire length of the column, and a series of adjustable spray nozzles (6) that spray horizontally, which series is intended to spray a pressurized liquid onto the falling column of pulverulent materials in order to mix liquid with predetermined pulverulent materials as they fall in the form of a column (7).

Description

DISPOSITIF DE MELANGE, DOSAGE ET HUMIDIFICATION DE MATERIAUX PULVERULENTS DEVICE FOR MIXING, DOSING AND HUMIDIFYING PULVERULENT MATERIALS
L'invention concerne un dispositif de mélange de matériaux pulvérulents permettant de doser, d'humidifier et/ou de doser un tel mélange en vue de sa mise en forme ultérieure. Actuellement, le malaxage et le dosage de tels mélanges de matériaux pulvérulents, comme le ciment, destinés ensuite à être transformés afin d'obtenir des blocs ou des plaques, peuvent être réalisés séparément, le malaxage s'effectuant principalement dans des malaxeurs mécaniques verticaux ou horizontaux tel qu'une bétonnière. Pour cela, sont introduites successivement, ou concomitamment, les quantités voulues de matériaux pulvérulents à mélanger ainsi qu'une quantité de liquide (la plupart du temps de l'eau) suffisante pour obtenir un mélange humide homogène. L'utilisation de tels malaxeurs implique donc un malaxage humide de matériaux pulvérulents. D'une part, des matériaux pulvérulents à malaxer peuvent être très fragiles et de ce fait, sont sensibles à une compression partielle due à ce malaxage qui entraîne une perte partielle de leurs propriétés. Par exemple, l'introduction dans de tels mélanges de vermiculite conduit, lors de sa compression partielle, à une perte de ses propriétés d'isolant. D'autre part, le malaxage humide utilisant une quantité d'eau supérieure à la quantité stœchiométrique nécessaire conduit à des difficultés lors de la mise en forme par coulage du mélange lorsque celui-ci contient des matériaux pulvérulents légers qui ont alors la faculté de flotter dans le malaxeur, conduisant généralement à une ségrégation de ces matériaux pulvérulents légers, rendant de ce fait difficile la constitution et la réalisation des blocs à partir de tels mélanges.The invention relates to a device for mixing pulverulent materials for dosing, moistening and / or dosing such a mixture for subsequent shaping. At present, mixing and dosing of such mixtures of pulverulent materials, such as cement, which are subsequently to be processed to obtain blocks or plates, can be carried out separately, the mixing being carried out mainly in vertical mechanical mixers or such as a concrete mixer. For this, are successively introduced, or concomitantly, the desired amounts of powder materials to mix and a quantity of liquid (mostly water) sufficient to obtain a homogeneous wet mixture. The use of such kneaders therefore involves a wet kneading of pulverulent materials. On the one hand, pulverulent materials to be kneaded can be very fragile and, therefore, are susceptible to partial compression due to this kneading which results in a partial loss of their properties. For example, the introduction into such mixtures of vermiculite leads, during its partial compression, to a loss of its insulating properties. On the other hand, the wet mixing using a quantity of water greater than the necessary stoichiometric amount leads to difficulties in forming by casting the mixture when it contains light powdery materials which then have the ability to float. in the kneader, generally leading to segregation of these light powdery materials, thereby making it difficult to form and make blocks from such blends.
Aussi, la mise en forme de ces matériaux pulvérulents nécessite, dans certains cas (par exemple pour la fabrication de Placoplatre), un équipement encombrant car le matériau doit être maintenu compressé le temps de la prise du matériau, temps qui est relativement long. Également, certaines opérations ne sont pas possibles avec le malaxage humide, par exemple, s'il est souhaité d'ajouter des composés sous forme liquide pour modifier les propriétés du matériau.Also, the shaping of these powdery materials requires, in some cases (for example for the manufacture of Placoplatre), a cumbersome equipment because the material must be maintained compressed time of the setting of the material, which is a relatively long time. Also, some operations are not possible with wet mixing, for example, if it is desired to add compounds in liquid form to modify the properties of the material.
Un but de l'invention est de fournir un dispositif de mélange de matériaux pulvérulents qui permet, d'une part, de réaliser des mélanges comprenant des matériaux pulvérulents fragiles et, d'autre part, de réaliser des mélanges de matériaux pulvérulents de densités différentes sans qu'il ne se produise de ségrégation lors de leur mise en forme.An object of the invention is to provide a device for mixing pulverulent materials which allows, on the one hand, to produce mixtures comprising fragile pulverulent materials and, on the other hand, to produce mixtures of powder materials of different densities without segregation occurring during their formatting.
A cet effet, il est prévu, selon l'invention, un dispositif de mélange de matériaux pulvérulents comportant une trémie destinée à contenir les matériaux pulvérulents et présentant, en un point bas, une ouverture possédant une section de forme prédéterminée et permettant une chute en colonne de matériaux pulvérulents présentant une section de formes sensiblement celle de l'ouverture, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre au moins une série de buses réglables de projection verticale destinée à projeter un liquide sous pression sensiblement parallèlement à la chute en colonne afin de garantir tout le long de la chute la section de forme de l'ouverture, et une série de buses réglables de projection horizontale destinée à projeter un liquide sous pression sur la chute en colonne de matériaux pulvérulents afin de réaliser un mélange de liquide et de matériaux pulvérulents prédéterminés au niveau de la chute en colonne.For this purpose, it is provided, according to the invention, a device for mixing pulverulent materials comprising a hopper intended to contain the powdery materials and having, at a low point, an opening having a section of predetermined shape and allowing a drop in column of pulverulent materials having a section of substantially the shape of the opening, characterized in that it further comprises at least one series of adjustable vertical spray nozzles for projecting a liquid under pressure substantially parallel to the fall in column so to guarantee throughout the drop the shape section of the opening, and a series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles for projecting a liquid under pressure on the columnar drop of powdery materials in order to achieve a mixture of liquid and predetermined pulverulent materials at the column drop.
Ainsi, le mélange de différents matériaux pulvérulents s'effectue lors de leur chute sous l'effet du liquide projeté en quantité désirée, liquide qui provoque leur déplacement au sein de la chute lorsque ce dernier entre en contact avec les particules de matériaux pulvérulents. Ainsi les matériaux pulvérulents ne subissent pas de compression partielle pouvant mettre à mal leur propriété intrinsèque et le dispositif permet de réaliser des mélanges homogènes de matériaux pulvérulents présentant des densités différentes. Avantageusement, mais facultativement, le dispositif de mélange présente au moins l'une des caractéristiques suivantes : - la série de buses réglables de projection horizontale est située dans un plan sensiblement perpendiculaire à un plan moyen vertical de la chute en colonne ;Thus, the mixture of different pulverulent materials is effected during their fall under the effect of the liquid sprayed in the desired quantity, liquid which causes their displacement within the fall when the latter comes into contact with the particles of powdery materials. Thus, the pulverulent materials do not undergo partial compression which may adversely affect their intrinsic property and the device makes it possible to produce homogeneous mixtures of pulverulent materials having different densities. Advantageously, but optionally, the mixing device has at least one of the following characteristics: the series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles is situated in a plane substantially perpendicular to a vertical mean plane of the column chute;
- la série de buses réglables de projection horizontale est destinée à projeter le liquide selon des jets sensiblement horizontaux ;the series of horizontal projection adjustable nozzles is intended to project the liquid in substantially horizontal jets;
- les buses réglables de projection sont agencées de sorte à former des jets de liquide dit « à miroir » ;the adjustable projection nozzles are arranged so as to form "mirror" liquid jets;
- les jets de liquide dit « à miroir » converge vers une zone de convergence de la chute en colonne située dans un réceptacle destinée à réceptionner le mélange;- The jets of liquid said "mirror" converges to a convergence zone of the chute in a column located in a receptacle for receiving the mixture;
- la trémie comporte, en amont de l'ouverture, des moyens de répartition des matériaux pulvérulents ;the hopper comprises, upstream of the opening, means for distributing the powdery materials;
- les moyens de répartition comportent des racloirs destinés à se déplacer autour de l'ouverture ; - les moyens de répartition comportent un générateur de vibrations ;the distribution means comprise scrapers intended to move around the opening; - The distribution means comprise a vibration generator;
- les moyens de répartition comportent des racloirs par paire, un racloir d'une paire se déplaçant en opposition de phase par rapport à l'autre racloir de la paire ;- The distribution means comprise scrapers pair, a scraper of a pair moving in phase opposition relative to the other scraper of the pair;
- la trémie comprend au moins deux compartiments. L'invention propose également un dispositif de mélange selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes et un laminoir, le laminoir comprenant une entrée, deux trains, chacun monté sur deux rouleaux, caractérisé en ce que les buses réglables de projection projettent des jets dit « à miroir » qui convergent vers une zone de convergence de la chute en colonne devant l'entrée du laminoir.the hopper comprises at least two compartments. The invention also proposes a mixing device according to any one of the preceding claims and a rolling mill, the rolling mill comprising an inlet, two trains, each mounted on two rollers, characterized in that the adjustable projection nozzles project jets said " with a mirror "which converge towards a zone of convergence of the chute in column in front of the entrance of the rolling mill.
Avantageusement, mais facultativement, le dispositif pour fabrication de plaques présente la caractéristique suivante :Advantageously, but optionally, the device for producing plates has the following characteristic:
- un train inférieur du laminoir est fixe et un train supérieur est mobile autour de son rouleau le plus proche de l'entrée du laminoir. D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront lors de la description ci-après d'un mode de réalisation, aux dessins annexés :- A lower gear of the rolling mill is fixed and an upper gear is movable around its roller closest to the input of the rolling mill. Other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment, in the accompanying drawings:
- les figures la et Ib sont des vues schématiques d'un dispositif de mélange selon l'invention ; - la figure 2 est une vue schématique de la disposition d'une série de buses réglables de projection horizontale dans le dispositif des figures la est Ib ; et- Figures la and Ib are schematic views of a mixing device according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of a series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles in the device of FIGS. 1a and 1b; and
- la figure 3 est une vue schématique d'un dispositif de mélange couplé à un laminoir pour la fabrication de plaques.- Figure 3 is a schematic view of a mixing device coupled to a rolling mill for the manufacture of plates.
En référence à la figure la, le dispositif de mélange 1 selon l'invention comporte une trémie 3 dans laquelle sont introduits séparément ou concomitamment différents matériaux pulvérulents 2 à mélanger.Referring to Figure la, the mixing device 1 according to the invention comprises a hopper 3 in which are introduced separately or concomitantly different pulverulent materials 2 to be mixed.
En variante de réalisation, la trémie 3 est compartimentée formant au moins deux compartiments, chaque compartiment est séparé des autres par une paroi de séparation 14 et peut contenir un matériau pulvérulent donné et destiné à être mélangé par le dispositif de mélange 1 selon l'invention (comme illustré par la figure Ib).In an alternative embodiment, the hopper 3 is compartmentalized forming at least two compartments, each compartment is separated from the others by a partition wall 14 and can contain a given powder material and intended to be mixed by the mixing device 1 according to the invention (as illustrated in Figure Ib).
La trémie 3 présente, en un point bas, une ouverture 10 par laquelle peuvent s'écouler les matériaux pulvérulents à mélanger. Cette ouverture 10 présente une forme géométrique prédéterminée en fonction d'un réceptacle 12 dans lequel est destiné à être introduit le mélange réalisé par le dispositif de mélange 1 selon l'invention.The hopper 3 has, at a low point, an opening 10 through which the powdery materials to be mixed can flow. This opening 10 has a predetermined geometric shape as a function of a receptacle 12 in which is intended to be introduced the mixture produced by the mixing device 1 according to the invention.
La forme géométrique de l'ouverture 10 par laquelle les matériaux pulvérulents passent pour former la chute en colonne 7 doit avoir des dimensions en rapport avec le réceptacle 12 dans lequel est destiné à tomber ladite chute en colonne 7, d'une part, et d'autre part, doit être fonction de la possibilité de pénétration du liquide projeté sous pression par les buses réglables de projection 6 à l'intérieur du mélange réalisé dans ladite chute en colonne 7.The geometric shape of the opening 10 through which the powdery materials pass to form the column chute 7 must have dimensions in relation to the receptacle 12 in which is intended to fall said column chute 7, on the one hand, and on the other hand, must be a function of the possibility of penetration of the liquid sprayed under pressure by the adjustable jet nozzles 6 inside the mixture produced in said column drop 7.
La forme géométrique de l'ouverture 10 par laquelle les matériaux pulvérulents passent pour former la chute en colonne 7 doit avoir des dimensions en rapport avec le réceptacle 12 dans lequel est destiné à tomber ladite chute en colonne 7, d'une part, et d'autre part, doit être fonction de la possibilité de pénétration du liquide projeté sous pression par les buses réglables de projection 6 à l'intérieur du mélange réalisé dans ladite chute en colonne 7. De préférence, l'ouverture 10 est de forme sensiblement rectangulaire dont une longueur correspond à une longueur du réceptacle 12 dans ou devant lequel les matériaux pulvérulents sont déposés sous forme de colonne. Si la trémie 3 est compartimentée, l'ouverture et les parois de séparation agissent ensemble afin de former des ouvertures dont les sections sont étudiées pour permettre un dosage des matériaux à mélanger.The geometric shape of the opening 10 through which the powdery materials pass to form the column chute 7 must have dimensions in relation to the receptacle 12 in which is intended to fall said column chute 7, on the one hand, and on the other hand, must be a function of the possibility of penetration of the liquid sprayed under pressure by the adjustable jet nozzles 6 inside the mixture produced in said column drop 7. Preferably, the opening 10 is of substantially rectangular shape, a length of which corresponds to a length of the receptacle 12 in or in front of which the powdery materials are deposited in column form. If the hopper 3 is compartmentalized, the opening and the separation walls act together to form openings whose sections are designed to allow a dosage of the materials to be mixed.
Ainsi, il est possible de doser les matériaux selon des pourcentages souhaités, aussi petits soient-ils, en modifiant la taille de l'ouverture correspondant à un compartiment.Thus, it is possible to dose the materials in desired percentages, as small as they are, by changing the size of the opening corresponding to a compartment.
Le réceptacle 12 est soit un moule, soit des banches, soit un laminoir. Les parois (et éventuellement les parois de séparation) de la trémie 3 autour de l'orifice 10 comportent des moyens de répartition 4 des matériaux pulvérulents avant que ces derniers ne s'échappent à travers l'ouverture 10. Ici, les moyens de répartition 4 comportent des racloirs qui se déplacent autour de l'ouverture 10 sur une face des parois de la trémie 2, face orientée vers l'intérieur de ladite trémie 2.The receptacle 12 is either a mold, or banches, or a rolling mill. The walls (and possibly the partition walls) of the hopper 3 around the orifice 10 comprise means 4 for distributing the powdery materials before the latter escape through the opening 10. Here, the distribution means 4 comprise scrapers which move around the opening 10 on one side of the walls of the hopper 2 facing inwardly of said hopper 2.
La présence de tels moyens de répartition permet d'éviter que ne se forme une voûte de matériaux pulvérulents secs au-dessus de ladite ouverture et qui provoquerait des discontinuités lors de la chute et du remplissage du réceptacle 12 ; ils permettent un écoulement continu du ou des matériaux à humidifier.The presence of such distribution means avoids the formation of a vault of dry powdery materials above said opening and which would cause discontinuities during the fall and filling of the receptacle 12; they allow a continuous flow of the material or materials to be moistened.
Les moyens de répartition comportent des racloirs qui sont assemblés par paire. Lors de leur mise en œuvre, dans chaque paire, un des deux racloirs la composant se déplace en opposition de phase par rapport à l'autre des racloirs composant la paire.The distribution means comprise scrapers which are assembled in pairs. During their implementation, in each pair, one of the two scrapers component moves in phase opposition relative to the other scrapers component pair.
Les moyens de répartition comportent en variante un générateur de vibrations.The distribution means comprise alternatively a vibration generator.
Une telle structure permet d'éviter l'apparition de tout amas de matériaux pulvérulents sur les faces des parois de la trémie autour de l'ouverture lors de leur mise en œuvre.Such a structure prevents the appearance of any mass of powdery materials on the sides of the walls of the hopper around the opening during their implementation.
Une fois passés à travers l'ouverture 10, les matériaux pulvérulents tombent dans une chute 7 sensiblement verticale qui présente une section sensiblement de la forme de celle de l'ouverture 10. Ainsi, cette chute 7 se présente sous la forme d'une colonne.Once passed through the opening 10, the powdery materials fall into a substantially vertical fall 7 which has a section substantially in the shape of that of the opening 10. Thus, this fall 7 is in the form of a column.
Le dispositif de mélange 1 selon l'invention comporte une série de buses réglables de projection verticale 5 qui sont destinées à projeter un liquide sous pression selon un jet 9 sensiblement parallèle à l'axe de la chute en colonne 7. Cette série de buses réglables de projection verticale 5 est disposée autour et en aval de l'ouverture 10 de la trémie 3 du dispositif de mélange 1 selon l'invention.The mixing device 1 according to the invention comprises a series of adjustable vertical projection nozzles 5 which are intended to project a liquid under pressure along a jet 9 substantially parallel to the axis of the column drop 7. This series of adjustable nozzles vertical projection 5 is disposed around and downstream of the opening 10 of the hopper 3 of the mixing device 1 according to the invention.
Cette série de buses réglables de projection verticale 5 a deux fonctions principales.This series of adjustable vertical spray nozzles 5 has two main functions.
La première fonction est d'entraîner dans le jet ainsi créé toute particule de matériaux pulvérulents qui serait sortie, pour différentes raisons, de la chute en colonne 7 et notamment les matériaux les plus légers.The first function is to cause in the jet thus created any particle of powdery materials that would be released, for various reasons, from the fall in column 7 and in particular the lightest materials.
La deuxième fonction est de compléter le mouillage des matériaux pulvérulents mélangés par le dispositif de mélange 1 selon l'invention et situé à l'intérieur de la chute en colonne et que les jets d'une série de buses réglables de projection horizontale 6 n'auraient pas atteint. Ce complément de mouillage se réalise lors de la répartition progressive du mélange ainsi réalisé 11 dans le réceptacle 12 situé au bas de la chute en colonne 7. La série de buses réglables de projection verticale 5 est uniformément répartie autour de la chute en colonne 7 et est agencée de sorte à projeter le liquide sous la forme de jets 9 dits « à miroir ».The second function is to complete the wetting of the pulverulent materials mixed by the mixing device 1 according to the invention and located inside the column chute and that the jets of a series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles 6 n ' have not reached. This additional wetting is carried out during the gradual distribution of the mixture thus produced 11 in the receptacle 12 located at the bottom of the column chute 7. The series of adjustable vertical projection nozzles 5 is uniformly distributed around the column chute 7 and is arranged so as to project the liquid in the form of jets 9 called "mirror".
Au niveau de la chute 7, le dispositif de mélange 1 selon l'invention comporte une série de buses réglables de projection horizontale 6 destinées à projeter un liquide sous pression sur la chute en colonne 7.At the level of the chute 7, the mixing device 1 according to the invention comprises a series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles 6 intended to project a liquid under pressure onto the column chute 7.
Par exemple, la série de buses réglables de projection horizontale 6 comporte quatre buses réglables de projection 6, comme cela est illustré par la figure 2. Les quatre buses réglables de projection 6 sont situées sensiblement dans un plan sensiblement perpendiculaire à un plan moyen vertical de la chute en colonne 7. Les buses réglables de projection 6 sont disposées autour de la chute en colonne 7 afin de frapper cette dernière sous des incidences différentes afin de toucher le plus de surface possible et ainsi assurer le meilleur mouillage avec le liquide projeté des matériaux pulvérulents formant la chute en colonne 7.For example, the series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles 6 comprises four adjustable projection nozzles 6, as shown in FIG. 2. The four adjustable projection nozzles 6 are located substantially in a plane substantially perpendicular to a vertical mean plane of the column chute 7. The adjustable projection nozzles 6 are arranged around the column chute 7 in order to strike the latter at different angles in order to touch as much surface as possible and thus ensuring the best wetting with the liquid sprayed powder materials forming the column chute 7.
D'autre part, une telle disposition des buses réglables de projection autour de la chute en colonne 7 permet au liquide projeté d'assurer le mélange des différents matériaux pulvérulents formant ladite chute en colonne 7.On the other hand, such an arrangement of adjustable jet nozzles around the column chute 7 allows the sprayed liquid to mix the various powdery materials forming said column chute 7.
La réalisation du mélange par cette méthode permet de s'affranchir des différences de densité des matériaux pulvérulents mélangés ainsi que d'éviter de les comprimer plus ou moins, ce qui permet de conserver toutes leurs propriétés, en particulier, aux matériaux pulvérulents fragiles (par exemple la vermiculite et la perlite) éventuellement à mélanger lors de cette chute. Chacune des buses réglables de projection 6 formant la série de projection horizontale est agencée de sorte à projeter le liquide sous pression sous la forme de jets dit « à miroir » 8. Par « jets à miroir » 8, 9, il faut comprendre des jets sous forme de film de liquide dont la largeur et la puissance sont adaptées de façon à ce que le liquide projeté vers la colonne 7 humidifie et déplace les grains les uns par rapport aux autres pendant la chute et avant leur mise en place.The production of the mixture by this method makes it possible to overcome the differences in density of the mixed powder materials as well as to avoid compressing them more or less, which makes it possible to preserve all their properties, in particular, to the fragile powdery materials (by example vermiculite and perlite) possibly to mix during this fall. Each of the adjustable projection nozzles 6 forming the horizontal projection series is arranged so as to project the pressurized liquid in the form of "mirror" jets 8. By "mirror jets" 8, 9, it is necessary to understand jets in the form of liquid film whose width and power are adapted so that the liquid sprayed to the column 7 moistens and moves the grains relative to each other during the fall and before their introduction.
D'autre part, la projection effectuée par les buses réglables de projection 6 est dirigée sensiblement horizontalement afin de venir « frapper » la chute en colonne 7 de manière sensiblement perpendiculaire. Toutefois, il est possible que la projection s'effectue selon une incidence présentant un angle avec l'horizontal.On the other hand, the projection performed by the adjustable projection nozzles 6 is directed substantially horizontally in order to "strike" the column drop 7 substantially perpendicularly. However, it is possible that the projection is made according to an incidence having an angle with the horizontal.
La projection de liquide par la série de buses réglables de projection horizontale 6 est dirigée vers la base de la chute en colonne, c'est-à-dire sensiblement au niveau du réceptacle 12.The projection of liquid by the series of horizontal projection adjustable nozzles 6 is directed towards the base of the drop column, that is to say substantially at the receptacle 12.
Les jets à miroir des séries de buses réglables de projection verticale et horizontale 5, 6 convergent vers une zone dite zone de convergence Zc se situant dans ou devant le réceptacle 12 (par exemple, dans un moule ou devant l'entrée d'un laminoir). Dans cette zone de convergence Zc les matériaux sont déplacés afin de permettre leur mélange.The mirror jets of the series of adjustable vertical and horizontal projection nozzles 5, 6 converge towards a so-called convergence zone zone Zc located in or in front of the receptacle 12 (for example, in a mold or in front of the inlet of a rolling mill ). In this convergence zone Zc, the materials are moved in order to allow their mixing.
Le fait que les buses de projection 5 et 6 soient réglables permet d'ajuster de manière optimale la puissance des jets, pour que les matériaux puissent être déplacés les uns par rapport aux autres pendant la chute et avant leur mis en place.The fact that the spray nozzles 5 and 6 are adjustable makes it possible to optimally adjust the power of the jets, so that the materials can be moved relative to each other during the fall and before they are put in place.
Aussi, la puissance des jets à miroir 8, 9 ainsi que l'épaisseur de la colonne 7 sont choisis de façon à ce que le liquide projeté puisse atteindre le milieu de la colonne afin que tous les grains du mélange soient déplacés et mouillés par les jets à miroir.Also, the power of the mirror jets 8, 9 and the thickness of the column 7 are chosen so that the liquid spray can reach the middle of the column so that all the grains of the mixture are moved and wetted by them. mirror jets.
Il est également possible de projeter des liquides différents par les buses, par exemple des adjuvants liquides afin de les incorporer dans le mélange. En particulier, le dispositif de mélange selon l'invention rend possible l'incorporation de composés liquides en très faible quantité qui sont au préalable mélangé au liquide servant à mouiller les matériaux pulvérulents.It is also possible to project different liquids through the nozzles, for example liquid admixtures to incorporate them into the mixture. In particular, the mixing device according to the invention makes possible the incorporation of liquid compounds in a very small amount which are previously mixed with the liquid used to wet the powdery materials.
Les liquides peuvent comprendre en proportions différentes ou non, et de manière non limitative : une résine, un durcisseur, un colorant liquide. Cela permet toute une variété d'application.The liquids may comprise in different proportions or not, and without limitation: a resin, a hardener, a liquid dye. This allows a variety of applications.
Le réceptacle 12 reçoit en fin de la chute 7 un mélange 11 quasi sec (à opposer au mélange humide obtenu par les méthodes actuelles et citées dans le préambule de la description) contenant les différents matériaux pulvérulents mélangés de manière homogène et la juste quantité de liquide nécessaire pour obtenir la cohésion idéale adaptée à leur mise en forme dans ledit réceptacle 12.The receptacle 12 receives at the end of the fall 7 an almost dry mixture 11 (to be contrasted with the wet mixture obtained by the present methods and cited in the preamble of the description) containing the various powdery materials mixed homogeneously and the right amount of liquid. necessary to obtain the ideal cohesion adapted to their shaping in said receptacle 12.
Le dispositif de mélange 1 selon l'invention précédemment décrit permet de mettre en œuvre des matériaux pulvérulents comme le plâtre, le ciment rapide ou le ciment fondu, qui ont la propriété de réagir dès leur humidification et qui ne peuvent plus être mis en place correctement par les méthodes traditionnelles précédemment décrites.The mixing device 1 according to the invention described above makes it possible to use powdery materials such as plaster, fast cement or molten cement, which have the property of reacting as soon as they are moistened and which can no longer be properly put in place. by the traditional methods previously described.
Un tassement ultérieur des matériaux permet d'obtenir une meilleure répartition du ou des liquides de mouillage et d'obtenir une densité dite densité optimale (éventuellement maximale). Dans le cas d'une utilisation de liants très réactifs, le tassement ultérieur des matériaux moulés en bloc ou en plaque permet leur hydratation dans le seul volume stœchiométrique donnant ainsi au bloc ou à la plaque sa densité optimale (éventuellement maximale). Dans le cas du plâtre, par exemple, si son expansion est contrariée jusqu'à la fin de son hydratation, le bloc ou la plaque aura une excellente tenue aux intempéries.Subsequent settling of the materials makes it possible to obtain a better distribution of the wetting liquid or liquids and to obtain a density called optimum (possibly maximum) density. In the case of a use of highly reactive binders, the subsequent packing of the block or plate molded materials allows their hydration in the single stoichiometric volume thus giving the block or the plate its optimal (possibly maximum) density. In the case of plaster, for example, if its expansion is thwarted until the end of its hydration, the block or plate will have excellent weather resistance.
Un avantage de ce dispositif est de pouvoir mélanger dans des proportions voulues des matériaux pulvérulents sans intervention d'élément mécanique, simplement par leur déplacement réciproque sous l'effet des jets 8, 9 de liquide sous pression à miroir, agissant au niveau de la zone de convergence, là où le mélange est mis en place.An advantage of this device is that it can mix pulverulent materials in the desired proportions without the intervention of a mechanical element, simply by their mutual displacement under the effect of the jets 8, 9 of the mirror-pressure liquid acting at the level of the zone. of convergence, where the mixture is put in place.
Un autre avantage est de permettre l'humidification d'un mélange sec, avant sa mise en place, ce mélange étant à base de liant très réactifs tel le plâtre ou du ciment rapide comme le ciment fondu en assurant une bonne répartition du liquide quel qu'en soit le volume (par exemple celui indiqué par un essai « proctor » c'est-à-dire le volume minimum nécessaire).Another advantage is to allow humidification of a dry mixture, before its introduction, this mixture being based on very reactive binder such as plaster or fast cement like molten cement ensuring a good distribution of the liquid whatever the volume (for example, that indicated by a "proctor" test, that is to say the minimum necessary volume).
Un autre avantage est que, du fait qu'aucun matériau à mélanger n'est en contact avec des palettes d'un malaxeur, les liants très réactifs ne font pas prise sur les palettes ou dans le malaxeur ;Another advantage is that, because no material to be mixed is in contact with palettes of a kneader, the highly reactive binders do not grip the pallets or the kneader;
Un autre avantage est que les matériaux fragiles (par exemple la perlite), lâches (par exemple la vermiculite) ou compressibles (par exemple le polystyrène compensé) sont mis en place, et mouillés, en respectant leurs caractéristiques. C'est seulement après leur dépose qu'il sera possible de les modeler ou de les conformer à leur nouvelle fonction.Another advantage is that fragile materials (eg perlite), loose (eg vermiculite) or compressible (eg compensated polystyrene) are set up, and wet, respecting their characteristics. It is only after their removal that it will be possible to model them or to conform them to their new function.
Le mélange de matériaux, une fois mélangé par le dispositif selon l'invention, possède une consistance voulue, par exemple pâteux ou même apparemment sec bien que cohérent. La cohérence est obtenue grâce à un bon enrobage des matériaux pulvérulents par le ou les liquide(s) utilisé(s).The mixture of materials, once mixed by the device according to the invention, has a desired consistency, for example pasty or even apparently dry although consistent. Coherence is obtained by a good coating of the powdery materials by the liquid (s) used (s).
Il est alors possible, grâce à cette cohérence, de déposer une épaisseur de mélange de plusieurs centimètres et de réaliser des éléments compactés plus épais que les planches de plâtre, des isolants épais ou des pare-feux autoportants etc. Ce qui est impossible avec des mélanges liquides ou visqueux qui s'étalent immédiatement.It is then possible, thanks to this consistency, to deposit a mixing thickness of several centimeters and to produce thicker compacted elements than plaster boards, thick insulators or self-supporting firewalls, etc. Which is impossible with liquid or viscous mixtures that spread immediately.
Ceci est particulièrement avantageux lorsque le mélange est déposé devant des rouleaux d'un laminoir avant un premier rouleau de compression. En référence à la figure 3 est décrit ci-après un exemple de fabrication de plaques au moyen d'un laminoir 20 couplé au dispositif de mélange selon l'invention. Dans ce dispositif, la série de buses réglables de projection horizontale 6 n'est disposé que d'un côté de la chute en colonne 7, c'est-à-dire de l'autre côté du laminoir 20 par rapport à la chute en colonne 7, poussant ainsi les matériaux vers le laminoir 20.This is particularly advantageous when the mixture is deposited in front of rolls of a rolling mill before a first compression roll. With reference to FIG. 3 is described below an example of manufacture of plates by means of a rolling mill 20 coupled to the mixing device according to the invention. In this device, the series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles 6 is arranged only on one side of the column chute 7, that is to say on the other side of the mill 20 with respect to the fall in column 7, thereby pushing the materials to the mill 20.
Il est connu de fabriquer des plaques de matériau tel que du Placoplatre avec des laminoirs. En effet, comme déjà évoqué dans le préambule, actuellement, les matériaux sont mélangés par malaxage humide utilisant plus de liquide que la quantité stœchiométrique nécessaire. Le dispositif de mélange 1, couplé au laminoir 20 permet un gain de place et également de réduire l'équipement nécessaire.It is known to manufacture plates of material such as plasterboard with rolling mills. Indeed, as already mentioned in the preamble, currently, the materials are mixed by wet kneading using more liquid than the required stoichiometric amount. The mixing device 1, coupled to the mill 20, saves space and also reduces the necessary equipment.
En effet, le mélange 1 réalisé est quasi sec. Ainsi, quand il est passé au travers du laminoir, la plaque est formée et sa forme de changera pas sans une intervention supplémentaire. Également, ceci permet la fabrication de plaque de différentes épaisseurs. Cela est rendu possible en adaptant le laminoir qui comporte deux trains, chacun mis en mouvement par deux rouleaux reliés par une courroie. Par exemple, un train 21 est fixe (train inférieur) et l'autre 22 (train supérieur) est mobile autour du rouleau le plus proche 221 de la chute en colonne. Les trains 21, 22 comprennent également des rouleaux de compression, pour contraindre le mélange, entre les rouleaux de mise en mouvement. Les rouleaux de mise en mouvement peuvent également servir de rouleaux de compression.Indeed, the mixture 1 produced is almost dry. Thus, when it is passed through the rolling mill, the plate is formed and its shape will not change without further intervention. Also, this allows the manufacture of plate of different thicknesses. This is made possible by adapting the rolling mill which comprises two trains, each set in motion by two rollers connected by a belt. For example, one train 21 is stationary (lower gear) and the other 22 (upper gear) is movable around the nearest roller 221 of the column chute. The trains 21, 22 also comprise compression rollers, to constrain the mixture, between the moving rollers. The moving rollers can also serve as compression rollers.
En variante, le train inférieur 21 ne comporte pas de courroie. Un matériau pelable est alors utilisé et placé entre le train 21 et la plaque à former.Alternatively, the lower gear 21 has no belt. A peelable material is then used and placed between the train 21 and the plate to be formed.
Un taux de compression du mélange 1 est déterminé par un angle que fait le train mobile 22 par rapport au train fixe 21 ; c'est-à-dire par la différence de hauteur par rapport au train inférieur 21 horizontal entre le rouleau le plus proche 221 de la chute en colonne et le rouleau le plus éloigné 222 de la chute en colonne du train supérieur 22. Une sélection de la distance séparant le premier rouleau du dernier rouleau de compression permet de jouer sur un vitesse de compression et donc sur une durée de malaxage.A compression ratio of the mixture 1 is determined by an angle made by the moving train 22 with respect to the fixed gear 21; that is, the height difference from the horizontal lower gear 21 between the nearest roller 221 of the column chute and the furthest roller 222 from the column chute of the upper train 22. A selection of the distance separating the first roll from the last compression roll makes it possible to play on a compression speed and thus on a mixing time.
Il est également possible de fabriquer des plaques sans support pelable (comme du papier kraft ou un film) car le matériau et les plaques sont plus réactifs, plus robustes et ne s'effritent pas. Ce support pelable est enlevé dès la sortie du laminoir, laissant apparaître la structure du matériau.It is also possible to make plates without a peelable support (such as kraft paper or film) because the material and the plates are more reactive, more robust and do not crumble. This peelable support is removed at the exit of the rolling mill, revealing the structure of the material.
Il est aussi possible de disposer le long du rouleau supérieur du laminoir une feuille souple d'aluminium qui reste ensuite adhérente à la partie supérieure des plaques permettant ainsi de les découper et d'en faire des toitures autoportantes à placer en extérieur.It is also possible to place along the upper roll of the rolling mill a flexible sheet of aluminum which then remains adherent to the upper part of the plates thus making it possible to cut them out and to make self-supporting roofs to be placed outdoors.
Enfin, les plaques sont découpées dès leur sortie du laminoir. Puisque le laminoir est plus court que les laminoirs utilisés conventionnellement, le découpage est effectué plus tôt et la durée totale de fabrication de telles plaques est sensiblement raccourcie.Finally, the plates are cut as soon as they leave the rolling mill. Since the rolling mill is shorter than conventionally used rolling mills, the cutting is done earlier and the total manufacturing time of such plates is substantially shortened.
Ou encore, il est possible d'ajouter un film aux plaques sur leurs faces hors tranche.Or, it is possible to add a film to the plates on their sides out of slice.
Bien entendu, il est possible d'apporter de nombreuses modifications sans sortir du cadre de celle-ci. Of course, it is possible to make many changes without departing from the scope thereof.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de mélange et de dosage (1) de matériaux pulvérulents comportant une trémie (3) destinée à contenir les matériaux pulvérulents (2) et présentant, en un point bas, une ouverture (10) possédant une section de forme prédéterminée et permettant une chute en colonne (7) de matériaux pulvérulents présentant une section de formes sensiblement celle de l'ouverture, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre au moins une série de buses réglables de projection verticale (5) destinée à projeter un liquide sous pression sensiblement parallèlement à la chute en colonne afin de garantir tout le long de la chute la section de forme de l'ouverture, et une série de buses réglables de projection horizontale (6) destinée à projeter un liquide sous pression sur la chute en colonne de matériaux pulvérulents afin de réaliser un mélange de liquide et de matériaux pulvérulents prédéterminés au niveau de la chute en colonne (7).Mixing and dosing device (1) for pulverulent materials comprising a hopper (3) for containing the pulverulent materials (2) and having, at a low point, an opening (10) having a section of predetermined shape and allowing a drop column (7) of powdery materials having a substantially shaped section of the opening, characterized in that it further comprises at least one series of adjustable vertical spray nozzles (5) for projecting a liquid under pressure substantially parallel to the chute in column to ensure throughout the drop the shape section of the opening, and a series of adjustable horizontal spray nozzles (6) for projecting a liquid under pressure on the chute in column of pulverulent materials to achieve a predetermined mixture of liquid and powder materials at the column chute (7).
2. Dispositif de mélange et de dosage selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la série de buses réglables de projection horizontale (6) est située dans un plan sensiblement perpendiculaire à un plan moyen vertical de la chute en colonne.2. Mixing and dosing device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the series of adjustable horizontal projection nozzles (6) is located in a plane substantially perpendicular to a vertical mean plane of the column chute.
3. Dispositif de mélange et de dosage selon la revendication 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce que la série de buses réglables de projection horizontale (6) est destinée à projeter le liquide selon des jets (8) sensiblement horizontaux.3. A mixing and dosing device according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the series of adjustable horizontal spray nozzles (6) is intended to project the liquid in jets (8) substantially horizontal.
4. Dispositif de mélange et de dosage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les buses réglables de projection (5, 6) sont agencées de sorte à former des jets (8,9) de liquide dit « à miroir ».4. Mixing and dosing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjustable spray nozzles (5, 6) are arranged so as to form jets (8,9) of liquid called "mirror" .
5. Dispositif de mélange et de dosage selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les jets de liquide dit « à miroir » converge vers une zone de convergence (Zc) de la chute en colonne (7) située dans un réceptacle 12 destinée à réceptionner le mélange (1).5. A mixing and dosing device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the jets of liquid called "mirror" converges to a convergence zone (Zc) of the column chute (7) located in a receptacle 12 for receiving the mixture (1).
6. Dispositif de mélange et de dosage selon l'une des revendications précédente, caractérisé en ce que la trémie (2) comporte, en amont de l'ouverture (10), des moyens de répartition (4) des matériaux pulvérulents.6. Mixing and dosing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hopper (2) comprises, upstream of the opening (10), means for distributing (4) powder materials.
7. Dispositif de mélange et de dosage selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de répartition comportent des racloirs destinés à se déplacer autour de l'ouverture.7. Mixing and dosing device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the distribution means comprise scrapers for moving around the opening.
8. Dispositif de mélange et de dosage selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de répartition comportent un générateur de vibrations.8. A mixing and dosing device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the distribution means comprise a vibration generator.
9. Dispositif de mélange et de dosage selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de répartition comportent des racloirs par paire, un racloir d'une paire se déplaçant en opposition de phase par rapport à l'autre racloir de la paire.9. Mixing and dosing device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the distribution means comprise scrapers pair, a scraper of a pair moving in phase opposition relative to the other scraper of the pair.
10. Dispositif de mélange et de dosage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la trémie (3) comprend au moins deux compartiments.10. Mixing and dosing device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hopper (3) comprises at least two compartments.
11. Dispositif pour fabrication de plaques comprenant un dispositif de mélange selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes et un laminoir, le laminoir comprenant une entrée, deux trains (21, 22), chacun monté sur deux rouleaux, caractérisé en ce que les buses réglables de projection (5, 6) projettent des jets dit « à miroir » qui convergent vers une zone de convergence (Zc) de la chute en colonne (7) devant l'entrée du laminoir (20). 11. Device for manufacturing plates comprising a mixing device according to any one of the preceding claims and a rolling mill, the rolling mill comprising an inlet, two trains (21, 22), each mounted on two rollers, characterized in that the nozzles adjustable projectors (5, 6) project "mirror" jets which converge towards a convergence zone (Zc) of the column chute (7) in front of the mill inlet (20).
12. Dispositif pour fabrication de plaque selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'un train inférieur (21) du laminoir est fixe et en ce qu'un train supérieur (22) est mobile autour de son rouleau le plus proche de l'entrée du laminoir. 12. Apparatus for producing a plate according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a lower gear (21) of the rolling mill is fixed and in that an upper gear (22) is movable around its roller closest to the entrance of the rolling mill.
PCT/EP2009/052880 2008-03-13 2009-03-11 Device for mixing, measuring and moistening pulverulent materials WO2009112534A1 (en)

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FR0851644A FR2928564B1 (en) 2008-03-13 2008-03-13 DEVICE FOR MIXING, DOSING AND HUMIDIFYING PULVERULENT MATERIALS
FR0851644 2008-03-13

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WO2014068067A1 (en) * 2012-11-02 2014-05-08 Bühler AG Device and method for mixing bulk material with a liquid and use of a device
CN111113668A (en) * 2019-12-17 2020-05-08 广东能强陶瓷有限公司 A injection apparatus for production of ceramic tile raw materials

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CN109435070A (en) * 2018-11-30 2019-03-08 卢小玲 A kind of feeding device of concrete mixer
CN113085005B (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-08-23 优博络客新型建材(天津)有限公司 AAC panel cutting waste material recycling production facility

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JPS5244451A (en) * 1975-10-04 1977-04-07 Ig Tech Res Inc Process and aparatus for mixing a fluid and a particulate
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014068067A1 (en) * 2012-11-02 2014-05-08 Bühler AG Device and method for mixing bulk material with a liquid and use of a device
CN111113668A (en) * 2019-12-17 2020-05-08 广东能强陶瓷有限公司 A injection apparatus for production of ceramic tile raw materials

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FR2928564A1 (en) 2009-09-18

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