WO2009111939A1

WO2009111939A1 - Lead acid storage battery restoration system and restoration method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2009111939A1
Application number: PCT/CN2008/073630
Authority: WO
Inventors: 邢纪国
Original assignee: Xing Jiguo
Priority date: 2008-03-12
Filing date: 2008-12-22
Publication date: 2009-09-17
Also published as: CN101252211A; CN101431170A; CN101431170B

Abstract

A lead-acid storage battery restoration system and a restoration method thereof are provided. The system has a storage battery (1) in which each cell is connected in parallel with a battery equalizer (2) into a single unit, and a storage battery charger (3) with one end of an output terminal end connected to a pole of the lead-acid storage battery (1). Another end of the output terminal of the storage battery charger (3) is connected in series with a de-vulcanization charger (4) and then connected to another pole of the lead-acid storage battery (1). The system and method utilize the activator proposed in the present invention to restore the battery, or utilize a restoration device associated with the activator to restore the battery directly, and quickly remove vulcanization through self restoration and physical chemistry combining to remove vulcanization.

Description

铅酸蓄电池修复***及其修复方法技术领域： Lead-acid battery repairing system and repairing method thereof

本发明涉及电化学技术领域，具体涉及二次电池即废旧铅酸蓄电池的修复***及其修复方法。 The present invention relates to the field of electrochemical technology, and in particular to a secondary battery, that is, a repair system for a waste lead-acid battery and a repairing method thereof.

背景技术 Background technique

目前，国内外的通信、铁路、电力、 ιτ、广播电视、航空、港口、军事、金融、汽车、电动自行车等行业所有国产、进口各种胶体铅酸蓄电池，只要是铅酸蓄电池，无论是普通的还是免维护的，无论是富液型的还是贫液型的等各种铅酸蓄电池；其中的硫酸电解液和重金属有严重的腐蚀性，污染环境，对人体产生一定的危害；电池本身腐蚀性较大，存在着严重的自放电，加速电池极板硫化；因而缩短电池寿命。 At present, all domestic and imported colloidal lead-acid batteries in the fields of communication, railway, electric power, ιτ, radio and television, aviation, port, military, finance, automobile, electric bicycle, etc., as long as they are lead-acid batteries, whether ordinary It is maintenance-free, whether it is rich liquid or poor liquid type of lead-acid batteries; the sulfuric acid electrolyte and heavy metals are severely corrosive, polluting the environment, causing certain harm to the human body; Sexually large, there is a serious self-discharge, which accelerates the vulcanization of the battery plates; thus shortening the battery life.

针对各类铅酸蓄电池或各类电动车车用蓄电池（组）在使用到 For all types of lead-acid batteries or various types of electric vehicle battery (group)

7-12个月时就会出现行驶里程下降快；固定型 1年到 5年就出现硫化现象严重、使用寿命缩短、电池提前报废等问题，给用户带来极大不便和烦恼。电池（组）即使未全部损坏，而是其中某个单体电池出现容量下降或硫化现象严重，也需过早更换整组电池。产生不可逆硫化现象的原因：初充不足已放电或半放电状态；放置时间过长经常过量放电；长期处于充电不足状态电解液的密度过高或电解液不纯；电解液液面低落致极板外露；内部短路未及时排除造成局部作用或漏电；受铅酸电池的使用环境影响等。极板硫酸化的现象如下： At 7-12 months, the mileage will drop rapidly. Fixed type 1 to 5 years will cause serious problems such as severe vulcanization, shortened service life, and early battery retirement, which will bring great inconvenience and trouble to users. The battery (group) needs to replace the entire battery pack too early, even if it is not completely damaged, but one of the battery cells has a capacity drop or a serious vulcanization. Causes of irreversible vulcanization: Insufficient initial charge or discharge or semi-discharge state; excessive discharge time and excessive discharge; long-term undercharged state of electrolyte density is too high or electrolyte is not pure; electrolyte liquid level is low Exposed; internal short circuit is not eliminated in time to cause local effects or leakage; affected by the use environment of lead-acid batteries. The phenomenon of plate sulfation is as follows:

1 ) 硫酸盐化电池在正常放电时，比正常电池的容量明显降低；电解液密度下降低于正常值，而且是长时期落后。 1) The sulphated battery is significantly lower than the normal battery when it is discharged normally; the electrolyte density drops below the normal value, and it is backward for a long period of time.

2 ) 充电过程中电压上升很快，高于 2. 9V/单格左右（正常值在 2. 7V/单格左右），而在放电过程中电压降低很快， 1-2小时就降低，到 1. 8V左右（ 10小时放电率）。 2) During the charging process, the voltage rises rapidly, higher than 2. 9V/single cell (normal value is about 2. 7V/single cell), and the voltage decreases rapidly during the discharge process, and decreases in 1-2 hours. 1. 8V or so (10 hour discharge rate).

3 ) 充电过程中冒气泡过早，极板颜色和状态不正常。正常是呈浅褐色（正常为深褐色），极板表面有白色硫酸铅斑点，负极成灰白色（正常为灰色），用手指触摸极板表面时感觉到有粗大颗粒的硫酸铅结晶，并且极板发硬。 3) The bubble is too early during the charging process, and the color and state of the plate are not normal. Normal is present Light brown (normally dark brown), the surface of the plate has white lead sulfate spots, and the negative electrode is grayish white (normally gray). When the surface of the plate is touched with a finger, coarse crystal particles of lead sulfate are crystallized, and the plate is hard.

现在市场上出售的各种电池充电器只有充电功能，而没有对蓄电池的修复功能。如何让蓄电池延长使用寿命、并如何使充放电困难甚至濒于失效报废的铅酸蓄电池恢复性能，是一个正在研究的问题。据我们所知，目前，国际上对铅酸蓄电池能实施修复维护处理的方法有两种，其一是美国产品（产品专利号分别是： 4871959, 5276393, 5491399)脉冲电池保护器，是靠太阳能或电池本身所发生的电产生的一种直流脉冲，其频率与蓄电池硫酸化合物分子的固有频率一样，所以产生共振，对硫酸化合物既硫酸盐进行分解，使之脱离蓄电池极板，但修复仅为 80%左右。其二是日本郝太克股份有限公司研制的铅酸蓄电池的活化剂，主要是通过添加的活化剂来分解硫酸盐，使之脱离蓄电池极板，其复原程度在 80%左右，达不到国家规定的有关标准。市场上急需有一种简单实用的修复***及修复技术，以解决铅酸蓄电池使用时存在的效能易降低和电池易失效的问题，并且在旧电池效能降低时能对其进行修复。发明内容 The various battery chargers currently on the market only have a charging function and no repair function for the battery. How to make the battery extend its service life and how to make it difficult to charge and discharge even the failure to recover the lead-acid battery recovery performance is a problem under study. As far as we know, there are currently two methods for repairing and maintaining lead-acid batteries in the world. One is that American products (product patent numbers are: 4871959, 5276393, 5491399) pulse battery protectors are solar energy. Or a DC pulse generated by the electricity generated by the battery itself, the frequency of which is the same as the natural frequency of the battery of the sulfuric acid compound of the battery, so that resonance occurs, and the sulfate compound is decomposed and separated from the battery plate, but the repair is only 80% or so. The second is the activator of lead-acid battery developed by Japan's Hao Taike Co., Ltd., mainly by decomposing the sulfate by adding an activator to remove it from the battery plate. The recovery degree is about 80%, which does not meet the national regulations. Relevant standards. There is an urgent need in the market for a simple and practical repair system and repair technology to solve the problem of the ease of performance and the failure of the battery when the lead-acid battery is used, and to repair the old battery when the performance is lowered. Summary of the invention

由于铅酸蓄电池正极在使用中形成硫酸盐大颗粒结晶物质，这种物质使铅酸蓄电池工作失效，为了克服铅酸蓄电池本身的缺陷，弥补现有设备对铅酸蓄电池无修复功能或修复功能不强的问题，本发明提供一种废旧铅酸蓄电池修复***及其修复方法，在微量碱金属作用下去消除形成硫酸盐颗粒，可将功能退化的蓄电池修复到原功能 90%以上。 Since the positive electrode of the lead-acid battery forms a large crystalline material of sulfate in use, this material disables the operation of the lead-acid battery. In order to overcome the defects of the lead-acid battery itself, the existing equipment has no repair function or repair function for the lead-acid battery. A strong problem, the present invention provides a waste lead-acid battery repairing system and a repairing method thereof, which can eliminate the formation of sulfate particles by the action of a trace amount of alkali metal, and can repair the functionally degraded battery to more than 90% of the original function.

为实现以上目的，本发明铅酸蓄电池的修复***是：在铅酸蓄电池的每一组电池上都并联有一个电池均衡器与蓄电池连为一体；蓄电池充电器输出端的一端接于铅酸蓄电池的一极，蓄电池充电器输出端的另一端和一个蓄电池修复仪器串连后接到铅酸蓄电池的另一极。所述的蓄电池修复仪器可采用去硫化充电器。本铅酸蓄电池修复***的修复方法是，通过自身修复或物理化学结合消除硫化的理论，实现迅速消除硫化的目的。以电动车为例，其修复歩骤为： In order to achieve the above object, the repair system of the lead-acid battery of the present invention is: a battery equalizer is connected in parallel with the battery in each group of lead-acid batteries; one end of the output end of the battery charger is connected to the lead-acid battery. At one pole, the other end of the battery charger output is connected in series with a battery repair instrument and connected to the other pole of the lead-acid battery. The battery repairing instrument can employ a desulfurization charger. The repair method of the lead-acid battery repairing system is to eliminate the vulcanization theory by self-repair or physico-chemical combination, thereby achieving the purpose of rapidly eliminating vulcanization. Taking an electric vehicle as an example, the repair steps are as follows:

一、安装电池均衡器 First, install the battery equalizer

(1) . 打开电动车或各类车用蓄电池电池盒盖； (1) . Open the battery cover of the electric vehicle or various types of vehicle batteries;

(2) . 在每组电池上都并联一个电池均衡器，电池正极与电池均衡器正极相连，电池负极与电池均衡器负极相连，平时不再卸下； (2). A battery equalizer is connected in parallel with each battery, the positive pole of the battery is connected to the positive pole of the battery equalizer, and the negative pole of the battery is connected to the negative pole of the battery equalizer, and is not removed normally;

(3) . 复原电动车电池盒盖； (3) . Recover the battery cover of the electric vehicle;

二、注入修复剂 Second, injecting repair agent

(1) . 当需要修复废旧蓄电池时，打开电动车电池盒盖，将各单体电池上面板打开； (1). When it is necessary to repair the used battery, open the battery cover of the electric vehicle and open the upper panel of each unit;

(2) . 取出孔洞上的密封胶盖； (2) . Remove the sealant cap on the hole;

(3) . 添加铅酸蓄电池修复剂，正常使用电池维护单格添加量和硫化报废电池的单格添加量 1-4ML/A h · 2v.修复剂，须静置 30分钟让其充分化学反应，分解硫酸铅结晶； (3). Add lead-acid battery repair agent, normal use battery maintenance single-cell addition amount and vulcanized scrap battery single-cell addition amount 1-4ML/A h · 2v. Repair agent, must be allowed to stand for 30 minutes to fully chemically react , decomposition of lead sulfate crystals;

(4) . 盖上密封胶盖；复原电动车电池盒盖； (4) . Cover the sealant cover; Recover the battery cover of the electric vehicle;

三、连接蓄电池修复仪器一一去硫化充电器 Third, connect the battery repair instrument one by one to cure the charger

(1) .将蓄电池充电器输出端的一端接于铅酸蓄电池的一极，蓄电池充电器输出端的另一端和一个去硫化充电器串连后接到铅酸蓄电池的另一极； (1) Connect one end of the output end of the battery charger to one pole of the lead-acid battery, and the other end of the output end of the battery charger is connected in series with a desulfurization charger and connected to the other pole of the lead-acid battery;

(2) . 接通电源，去硫化充电器的开关拨至维护档，向铅酸蓄电池充电，去硫化充电器红灯间歇闪亮为正常工作，绿灯亮表示充电完毕； (2) . Turn on the power, turn the switch of the vulcanization charger to the maintenance file, charge the lead-acid battery, and turn off the red light of the vulcanization charger to work normally. The green light indicates that the charging is completed;

四、以上歩骤为一个充电及修复循环过程，以后当铅酸蓄电池在使用后需充电时，都需进行一次以上歩骤的修复循环过程，当以上述歩骤完成了 5-7个修复循环过程以后，铅酸蓄电池就得到了修复；以后再需充电时，充电器接通电源，去硫化充电器的开关拨至充电档，直接快速充电。本发明废旧电池修复技术利用发明的针对铅酸蓄电池正极进行修复的修复剂对铅酸蓄电池的正极进行修复，修复剂中加入微量碱金属对早期容量损失即硫化盐损失进行有效补充处理，利用修复剂中较活泼金属离子对硫酸铅晶体中较惰性铅离子的置换，使硫酸铅电离水解成对蓄电池有用的硫酸根离子和铅离子，重新参与到铅酸蓄电池正常的电化学反映中；加上脉冲大电流的辅助作用，使反映加快，不易产生发热和分解水现象。同时本修复剂中的物质将完成置换的较活泼的金属离子形成稳定的盐，减少了有害金属离子引起的电池内部自放电，是容量得以长期保持；使硫化铅酸蓄电池的电容量得到有效修复，减轻因处理旧电池而造成的环境污染。 4. The above steps are a charging and repairing cycle. Later, when the lead-acid battery needs to be charged after use, it is necessary to perform one or more repair cycles. When the above steps are completed, 5-7 repair cycles are completed. After the process, the lead-acid battery is repaired; when charging is needed later, the charger is turned on, and the switch of the vulcanization charger is turned to the charging position to directly charge. The waste battery repairing technology of the invention repairs the positive electrode of the lead-acid battery by using the repairing agent for repairing the positive electrode of the lead-acid battery, and adding a trace amount of alkali metal to the repairing agent to effectively supplement the early capacity loss, that is, the sulfide salt loss, and repairing The replacement of the more inert lead ions in the lead sulfate crystals by the more active metal ions in the agent, so that the lead sulfate is ionized and hydrolyzed into sulfate ions and lead ions which are useful for the storage battery, and participates in the normal electrochemical reaction of the lead-acid battery; The auxiliary action of the pulsed large current accelerates the reflection and is less prone to heat generation and water decomposition. At the same time, the substance in the repairing agent forms a stable salt for the replacement of the more active metal ions, which reduces the internal self-discharge of the battery caused by the harmful metal ions, and the capacity is maintained for a long time; the capacity of the lead-acid battery is effectively repaired. , to reduce environmental pollution caused by handling old batteries.

本发明能很好解决各类铅酸蓄电池及电动车、电动叉车、旅游观光车等各类车用蓄电池（组）在使用过程中存在容量下降快，达不到出厂设定里程和时间的问题。即在直流充电的基础上，本发明加装电池均衡器，能有效避免因电池的个体差异造成电池端电压不平衡趋势恶化，并控制电池组的充电电压，使各单体电池容量均衡，限高补低延长电池（组）寿命，并采取去硫化充电器与电池均衡器配套使用，运用慢脉冲技术，减少电池失水，既能降低电池在充电时产生的温度，又能大幅度提高电池容量。电池修复技术可使各类铅酸蓄电池或各类电动车车用蓄电池（组）延长使用寿命并延长行驶里程。如果是旧电池（组），在没有短路、断路、活性物质严重脱落情况下，电池可以修复到原容量的 90%以上。修复后延长各类铅酸蓄电池或各类电动车车用蓄电池（组）的电池寿命，既节省能源，又减少污染。本发明的特点是： The invention can well solve various types of lead-acid batteries and electric vehicles, electric forklifts, tourist vehicles and other types of vehicle batteries (groups). In the course of use, there is a problem that the capacity decreases rapidly and the factory set mileage and time are not reached. . That is to say, on the basis of DC charging, the battery equalizer is installed in the invention, which can effectively avoid the deterioration of the battery terminal voltage imbalance caused by individual differences of the battery, and control the charging voltage of the battery pack, so that the capacities of the individual battery cells are balanced. High fill and extend battery life (group) life, and use desulfurization charger and battery equalizer, use slow pulse technology to reduce battery water loss, not only can reduce the temperature generated by the battery during charging, but also greatly improve the battery capacity. Battery repair technology can extend the lifespan and extend the mileage of various lead-acid batteries or various types of electric vehicle batteries (groups). In the case of an old battery (group), the battery can be repaired to more than 90% of the original capacity without a short circuit, an open circuit, or a serious separation of the active material. After the repair, the battery life of various lead-acid batteries or various types of electric vehicle batteries (groups) is prolonged, which saves energy and reduces pollution. The features of the invention are:

1、修复废旧铅酸蓄电池的修复率高，经国家***权威机构检测，该技术对废旧的修复率在最佳情况下基本可以接近原来的满容量，并可以在正常的维护下，再使用一个周期。而且电池的指标也得到优化，从根本上改变了原电池的性质，使其原本不具备的很多电性指标因是生成建立。具体体现在：过充、深循环性能提高；低温运行能力增强；电池内阻远远低于国家标准等等。深循环性能提高（耐过充过放电）等等。 1. The repair rate of used lead-acid batteries is high. According to the inspection by the authority of the Ministry of Information Industry, the technology can basically approach the original full capacity under the best conditions, and under normal maintenance, Use one cycle. Moreover, the battery's indicators have also been optimized, which fundamentally changed the nature of the primary battery, so that many of the electrical indicators that were not originally available were generated. It is embodied in: overcharge and deep cycle performance improvement; low temperature operation capability is enhanced; battery internal resistance is far lower than national standards and so on. Deep circulation Can improve (overcharge and over discharge) and so on.

2 、从环保角度分析，废旧废旧铅酸蓄电池污染问题日趋严重，迫在眉睫，强烈的需求减少污染源，铅酸蓄电池的修复技术的应用有效减少铅酸蓄电池的污染程度。 2. From the perspective of environmental protection, the pollution problem of waste and used lead-acid batteries is becoming more and more serious, and it is urgent. The strong demand reduces the pollution source. The application of the repair technology of lead-acid batteries effectively reduces the pollution level of lead-acid batteries.

3、从经济角度分析，废旧铅酸蓄电池的修复技术的应用，延长废旧铅酸蓄电池的使用寿命，产生巨大的经济效益。同时会形成一个生产、修复的行业，解决就业，减轻由于铅酸蓄电池产生污染的压力。 3. From the economic point of view, the application of the repair technology of used lead-acid batteries will prolong the service life of used lead-acid batteries and generate huge economic benefits. At the same time, a production and repair industry will be formed to solve the employment and reduce the pressure of pollution caused by lead-acid batteries.

4、从社会角度分析，由于采用新技术延长了废旧蓄电池的使用寿命，所以生产蓄电池的用铅量大量节省了能源和资源，提高了资源和能源的使用效率。 4. From a social perspective, the use of new technologies has extended the service life of used batteries, so the amount of lead used in the production of batteries has greatly saved energy and resources, and has improved the efficiency of resource and energy use.

5、该技术操作简单，成本低，易于推广，应用范围广，经济社会效益显著。 5. The technology is simple in operation, low in cost, easy to promote, wide in application range, and significant in economic and social benefits.

附图说明 DRAWINGS

图 1是本发明废旧铅酸蓄电池修复***电路原理图。 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of a waste lead acid battery repairing system of the present invention.

图中： 1、铅酸蓄电池， 2、电池均衡器， 3、充电器， 4、去硫化充电器。 In the figure: 1, lead-acid battery, 2, battery equalizer, 3, charger, 4, desulfurization charger.

具体实施方式 detailed description

参见图 1，本发明铅酸蓄电池的修复***是：在铅酸蓄电池 1的每一组电池上都并联有一个电池均衡器 2，与蓄电池 1连为一体。电池均衡器 2安装在蓄电池 1上后就不再拆下。电池均衡器 2不仅在对旧电池的修复中能起电压均衡的作用，使单体电池的容量均衡限高补低，而且在平时的使用过程中也能有效控制电池组的均衡电压，避免个体电池的差异造成的不均衡趋势。 ***中有一个蓄电池充电器 3，其输出端的一端接于铅酸蓄电池 1 的一极，蓄电池充电器 3输出端的另一端和一个去硫化充电器 4串连后接到铅酸蓄电池 1 的另一极。此***和现有充电电路的区别还在于：在充电电路中串接了一个去硫化充电器 4。 Referring to Figure 1, the repair system of the lead-acid battery of the present invention is: A battery equalizer 2 is connected in parallel to each battery of the lead-acid battery 1, and is integrated with the battery 1. The battery equalizer 2 is not removed after it is mounted on the battery 1. The battery equalizer 2 not only functions as a voltage equalization in repairing the old battery, but also enables the capacity balance of the single battery to be high and low, and can effectively control the equalization voltage of the battery pack during normal use, thereby avoiding individual The imbalance caused by the difference in batteries. There is a battery charger 3 in the system, one end of the output end is connected to one pole of the lead-acid battery 1, and the other end of the output end of the battery charger 3 is connected in series with a desulfurization charger 4 and then connected to the lead-acid battery 1 pole. The difference between this system and the existing charging circuit is that: a desulfurization charger 4 is connected in series in the charging circuit.

本铅酸蓄电池修复***的修复方法是：一、对各类电动车车类安装电池均衡器 The repair method of the lead-acid battery repair system is: First, install battery equalizers for all types of electric vehicles

(1) . 打开电动车或各类车用蓄电池 1电池盒盖； (1) . Turn on the electric vehicle or various types of vehicle batteries 1 battery cover;

(2) . 在每组电池上都并联一个电池均衡器 2，蓄电池 1正极与电池均衡器 2正极相连，蓄电池 1负极与电池均衡器 2负极相连； (2). A battery equalizer 2 is connected in parallel with each battery, the positive pole of battery 1 is connected to the positive pole of battery equalizer 2, and the negative pole of battery 1 is connected to the negative pole of battery equalizer 2.

(3) . 复原电动车电池盒盖，平时不再卸下； (3) . Recover the battery cover of the electric vehicle, and do not remove it normally;

(4) . 复原电动车电池盒盖； (4) . Recover the battery cover of the electric vehicle;

二、注入修复剂 Second, injecting repair agent

(1) . 当需要修复蓄电池 1时，打开电动车电池盒盖，将各单体电池上面板打开； (1) When the battery 1 needs to be repaired, open the battery cover of the electric vehicle and open the upper panel of each unit battery;

(3) . 添加铅酸蓄电池修复液，正常使用电池维护单格添加量和硫化报废电池的单格添加量 1-4ML/A h · 2v.修复剂，须静置 30分钟让其充分化学反应，分解硫酸铅结晶； (3) Add lead-acid battery repair solution, normal use battery maintenance single-cell addition amount and vulcanized scrap battery single-cell addition amount 1-4ML/A h · 2v. Repair agent, must be allowed to stand for 30 minutes to fully chemically react , decomposition of lead sulfate crystals;

修复剂按质量百分比由以下成分组成： The repair agent consists of the following components by mass percentage:

无水碳酸钾 5— 9%，碳酸钠 0.5— 0.9%，乙酸钠 1.2— 1.8%，硅酸钠 2.5— 3.5%，铝粉 0.01— 0.029%，硫酸钠 2— 6%，去离子水 78.771-88.79%。 Anhydrous potassium carbonate 5-9%, sodium carbonate 0.5-0.9%, sodium acetate 1.2-1.8%, sodium silicate 2.5-3.5%, aluminum powder 0.01-0.029%, sodium sulfate 2-6%, deionized water 78.771- 88.79%.

较理想组成是： The ideal composition is:

无水碳酸钾 9%，碳酸钠 0.9%，乙酸钠 1.8%，硅酸钠 3.5%，铝粉 0.029%，硫酸钠 6%，去离子水 78.771%。 Anhydrous potassium carbonate 9%, sodium carbonate 0.9%, sodium acetate 1.8%, sodium silicate 3.5%, aluminum powder 0.029%, sodium sulfate 6%, deionized water 78.771%.

三、连接充电器 Third, connect the charger

(1) . 将普通充电时使用的蓄电池充电器 3输出端的一端接于铅酸蓄电池 1的一极（正极或负极均可），蓄电池充电器 3输出端的另一端和一个去硫化充电器 4串连后接到铅酸蓄电池 1的另一极； (1). Connect one end of the battery charger 3 output used for normal charging to one pole of the lead-acid battery 1 (positive or negative), the other end of the battery charger 3 output and a de-vulcanization charger 4 Connected to the other pole of the lead-acid battery 1;

(2) . 接通电源，去硫化充电器 4的开关拨至维护档，向铅酸蓄电池 1充电。由于各种铅酸蓄电池的型号和容量的不同，充电电流 5— 180安培。充电时，去硫化充电器 4红灯间歇闪亮为正常工作，电池正常激活时电池槽中均匀的冒出气泡，温度 45-50 °C，电池槽中微微的冒出酸味，电解液的比重慢慢升高，检查激活电压不高于 3V /单格，绿灯亮表示充电完毕。此时电解液比重达到 1. 26-1. 28。充电时间在 8— 12小时之间即能达到这一标准； (2) . Turn on the power, and turn the switch of the vulcanization charger 4 to the maintenance file to charge the lead-acid battery 1. Due to the different model and capacity of various lead-acid batteries, the charging current is 5 - 180 amps. When charging, the de-vulcanization charger 4 red light intermittently flashes to normal work. When the battery is activated normally, the bubbles in the battery cell are evenly emitted. The temperature is 45-50 °C. The acidity of the electrolyte is slightly increased in the battery cell. The specific gravity of the electrolyte is gradually increased. Check that the activation voltage is not higher than 3V/single cell. The green light indicates that charging is complete. The temperature of the electrolyte is 1.26-1. The charging time can reach this standard between 8 and 12 hours;

( 3 ) 对通讯、金融、 UPS、广电、电力、太阳能、风能、军事等铅酸蓄电池用修复仪器直接配合修复剂修复。 (3) Repair equipment for lead-acid batteries such as communication, finance, UPS, radio and television, electric power, solar energy, wind energy, military, etc., directly with repairing agents.

四、以上歩骤为一个充电及修复循环过程，以后当铅酸蓄电池 1 在使用后需充电时，都需进行一次以上歩骤的修复循环过程，当以上述歩骤完成了 5-7个修复循环过程以后，铅酸蓄电池 1就得到了修复；以后再需充电时，充电器 3接通电源，去硫化充电器 4的开关拨至充电档，直接快速充电。 4. The above steps are a charging and repairing cycle. Later, when the lead-acid battery 1 needs to be charged after use, it is necessary to perform one or more repair cycles. When the above steps are completed, 5-7 repairs are completed. After the cycle, the lead-acid battery 1 is repaired; when charging is required later, the charger 3 is powered on, and the switch of the vulcanization charger 4 is turned to the charging position to directly charge quickly.

在本发明中，充电器 3、电池均衡器 2和去硫化充电器 4均是现有的市场上销售的产品。充电器 3是通用产品，我们所使用的电池均衡器 2是由中控华清科技（北京）有限公司生产的产品。电池均衡器 2的型号为 AR12V/ 10AH , 去硫化充电器 4的型号为 AR12CD ; 所售的去硫化充电器 4产品上有两个电源档，一是高速充电档，即普通充电档；一是慢速充电档，即以上歩骤中所说的维护档。 In the present invention, the charger 3, the battery equalizer 2, and the desulfurization charger 4 are all existing products on the market. Charger 3 is a general-purpose product. The battery equalizer 2 we use is manufactured by Zhongkong Huaqing Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. The model of the battery equalizer 2 is AR12V/ 10AH, and the model of the desulfurization charger 4 is AR12CD; the product of the desulfurization charger 4 sold has two power supply files, one is a high-speed charging file, that is, a normal charging file; The slow charging file, that is, the maintenance file mentioned in the above step.

相关的技术参数： Related technical parameters:

1 ) 适用电压： 12V单体电池（组）或 2V、 48V电池（组）； 1) Applicable voltage: 12V single battery (group) or 2V, 48V battery (group);

2 )适用电池型号： 10AH、 12AH、 14AH、 17AH、 20AH、 25AH、 120AH 等各类蓄电池（组）或 100AH到 3000AH等蓄电池（组）。 2) Applicable battery models: 10AH, 12AH, 14AH, 17AH, 20AH, 25AH, 120AH and other types of batteries (group) or batteries such as 100AH to 3000AH (group).

3 )应用范围：广泛应用于电动车（电动自行车）、电动三轮车、电摩、叉车、旅游观光车、汽货车等各类车串联、并联铅酸蓄电池（组）或通讯、金融、 UPS、广电、电力、太阳能、风能、军事等铅酸蓄电池； 3) Scope of application: Widely used in electric vehicles (electric bicycles), electric tricycles, electric motorcycles, forklifts, tourist vehicles, steam trucks, etc., series, parallel lead-acid batteries (groups) or communication, finance, UPS, radio and television Lead-acid batteries such as electricity, solar energy, wind energy, and military;

4 ) 工作温度： 60摄氏度以下。 4) Operating temperature: below 60 degrees Celsius.

电池均衡器对蓄电池的防病功能：电池均衡器在直流充电的基础上，有效控制电池组的充电电压，限高补低，避免过充，防止电池的个体差异造成电池端电压不平衡趋势恶化。去硫化充电器对蓄电池的维护功能：慢脉冲充电技术能防止结晶形成，运用慢脉冲技术，常效防止电池硫化，电池不升温失水少，不但能大幅度提高电池的容量，而且能使充电器温度下降、使用寿命延长。 Battery equalizer on the battery's disease prevention function: Based on the DC charging, the battery equalizer effectively controls the charging voltage of the battery pack, limits the high and low, avoids overcharging, prevents the battery from being unbalanced due to individual differences in the battery. . Desulfurization charger for battery maintenance function: Slow pulse charging technology can prevent crystal formation, use slow pulse technology, often prevent battery vulcanization, battery does not heat up and lose water, not only can greatly increase the battery capacity, but also can charge The temperature of the device is lowered and the service life is extended.

ZKH-180 智能修复仪器系列设备集充电、修复、快速充电及在线监测于一体，减少企业成本，降低维护人员的劳动强度，为蓄电池和 UPS电源维护提供全面科学的检测修复手段。 The ZKH-180 intelligent repair instrument series integrates charging, repair, fast charging and on-line monitoring to reduce the cost of the enterprise, reduce the labor intensity of the maintenance personnel, and provide comprehensive scientific detection and repair means for the storage battery and UPS power supply maintenance.

其原理是：本发明修复仪器在大于常规充电电流数倍的激活电流下，将注入的修复剂的电池激活、打通、逐歩降低内阻、消除硫化，从而实现因硫化现象报废的电池的再生使用。放电仪器：进行恒流放电，准确测量电池容量，其是修复过程中的重要环节，不仅检测修复的效果，也通过放电促进修复剂有效成分更深入电池内部。 The principle is as follows: The repairing instrument of the invention activates, opens, and reduces the internal resistance of the injected repairing agent under the activation current more than several times of the conventional charging current, thereby eliminating the internal resistance and eliminating the vulcanization, thereby realizing the regeneration of the battery scrapped due to the vulcanization phenomenon. use. Discharge instrument: Perform constant current discharge to accurately measure battery capacity. It is an important part of the repair process. It not only detects the effect of repair, but also promotes the active ingredient of the repair agent deeper into the battery through the discharge.

修复剂修复故障蓄电池：修复仪器与修复剂配合使用，能使电池承受高频大电流的电化学过程，对粗大硫酸铅结晶软化、催化，使不可逆硫酸铅电离水解，激活内阻巨大的硫化电池，恢复电池容量，降低内阻，改善和加强蓄电池的低温使用性能，提高蓄电池耐过充过放的能力，延长寿命。所述的修复剂为无色透明液体，使电池可以承受高于常规充电电流的激活电流而又不损坏电池。当电池硫化到一定程度，将修复剂注入电池中，通过修复仪器修复，能快速分解极板结晶，改变电解质成份，提高导电性能，彻底解决了因电池因硫化现象严重，导致使用寿命缩短电池提前报废等现象。 Repairing agent repairing faulty battery: The repairing instrument can be used together with the repairing agent to make the battery withstand the high-frequency and high-current electrochemical process, soften and catalyze the crystal of the crude lead sulfate, ionize and hydrolyze the irreversible lead sulfate, and activate the vulcanized battery with large internal resistance. , Restore battery capacity, reduce internal resistance, improve and enhance the low temperature performance of the battery, improve the battery's ability to withstand overcharge and discharge, and extend the life. The repair agent is a colorless transparent liquid that allows the battery to withstand an activation current higher than the normal charging current without damaging the battery. When the battery is vulcanized to a certain extent, the repairing agent is injected into the battery, and repaired by the repairing instrument can quickly decompose the plate crystal, change the electrolyte composition, improve the electrical conductivity, and completely solve the problem that the battery life is shortened due to the serious vulcanization phenomenon of the battery. Scrap and other phenomena.

本发明对于严重损坏或报废的电池无效。在修复前应检查： The invention is ineffective for batteries that are severely damaged or scrapped. Check before repairing:

1 )检测待修复蓄电池（组）是否符合修复条件，观察电池是否漏液变形等，观察电解液清洁度，（过于浑浊是活性物质脱落）；1) Check whether the battery (group) to be repaired meets the repair conditions, observe whether the battery leaks, etc., observe the cleanliness of the electrolyte, (too turbid is the active substance falling off);

2 )是否有物理性损坏，观察电池是否有漏液、变形、极拄腐蚀 2) Is there any physical damage, observe the battery for leakage, deformation, and extreme corrosion?

3 ) 电池是否有无短路断路。本技术复原时对 300AH以上的电池修复操作场地要求条件：一般要求操作现场能够提供 380伏电源（民用蓄电池可使用 220伏电源），有良好的通风***和其它必要的安全保障措施，所用设备可以提供现场复原或维护服务。如需到特定环境下进行操作，请根据特定环境的标准安全规程进行判断。我们的设备是按一般工业用标准设计，未考虑特定环境的防护措施（如防水、防尘等），用户不可在没有必要安全保证的地点进行操作。电池置放处，除了要避开阳光直射之外，无论是长期储存或是暂时性都必须离地 150mm (6英吋），而且存放架表面不可使用金属、以及耐酸性及排水性要良好的材质。综合充电及使用场所之环境条件要求： 3) Is the battery short-circuited? The requirements for the battery repair operation site above 300AH when the technology is restored: Generally, the operation site can provide 380 volt power supply (the 220 volt power supply can be used for the civilian battery), have a good ventilation system and other necessary safety measures, and the equipment used can be used. Provide on-site recovery or maintenance services. To operate in a specific environment, judge according to the standard safety regulations for your specific environment. Our equipment is designed to the general industrial standards, without considering the specific environmental protection measures (such as waterproof, dustproof, etc.), users should not operate in locations where there is no need for safety. In addition to avoiding direct sunlight, the battery must be placed 150mm (6 inches) from the ground for long-term storage or temporary use. The metal surface of the storage rack must not be used, and the acid resistance and drainage should be good. Material. Environmental conditions for comprehensive charging and use:

1 . 充电场所之条件： 1. Conditions for charging places:

避免雨水及阳光直射。 Avoid rain and direct sunlight.

攀通风良好，没有火气，现场附近也没有产生火气的可能。 The ventilation is good, there is no fire, and there is no possibility of fire nearby.

震动及灰尘要稀少。 Vibration and dust should be scarce.

拿检查，保养之空间要充足。 Take inspection and maintain enough space.

• 建材要用不燃性材料，耐酸性及排水性要好。 • Use non-combustible materials for building materials, acid resistance and drainage.

• 充电工作场所必需设有红色紧急断电开关。 • A red emergency power off switch must be provided in the charging workplace.

2. 使用场所之条件： 2. Conditions for use of the place:

路面要平坦且倾斜度要小。 The road surface should be flat and the slope should be small.

攀避开火气的场所（包括研磨机的火花）。 Avoid places where fires are generated (including sparks from grinders).

• 不要淋雨。 • Do not get rain.

拿避免阳光直射以及在高温室内使用。 Take away from direct sunlight and use in high temperature rooms.

• 可携式 ABC三用灭火器必需长期配备。 • Portable ABC three-purpose fire extinguishers must be equipped for long periods of time.

综上所述：本发明专利一提供的是一种通过调节电池自身参数 (AR电池自修复技术）或通过加入修复剂而修复报废或容量下降的各类车用及各个行业的铅酸蓄电池（组）技术。 In summary, the present invention provides a method for repairing scrap or capacity reduction by adjusting the battery's own parameters (AR battery self-repair technology) or by adding a repair agent. Lead-acid battery (group) technology for automotive and various industries.

本发明二采用的方法是一种电化学的综合方法，其主要目的就是将不可逆的粗大坚硬的硫酸盐晶体迅速地打碎分解，使蓄电池恢复到正常的使用状态。同时将专门配置的修复剂注入蓄电池内，再用特定的高频、高压电流对电池进行激活。这种方法的主要特点是迅速、有效消除电池硫化。修复剂的加入，一方面加速了原本不导电的硫酸铅分解，另一方面也保证了蓄电池在加高频高压进行激活时温度不过度升高，有效地保护了蓄电池。 The method used in the second invention is an electrochemical integrated method, the main purpose of which is to rapidly break down the irreversible coarse and hard sulfate crystals to restore the battery to normal use. At the same time, a specially configured repair agent is injected into the battery, and the battery is activated by a specific high frequency and high voltage current. The main feature of this method is the rapid and effective elimination of battery vulcanization. The addition of the repairing agent accelerates the decomposition of the originally non-conductive lead sulfate, and on the other hand ensures that the temperature of the battery is not excessively increased when the high frequency and high voltage are activated, thereby effectively protecting the battery.

采用这种方法处理的蓄电池，极板上的大晶体全部被分解，电解液的酸根离子大大增加，比重也恢复到正常水平。蓄电池又复原到一个新的初始状态。对于绝大多数正常使用的蓄电池，经过这样的复原处理，使其容量可恢复到原标称容量的 90%以上，从而实现了因硫化现象报废的铅酸蓄电池的再生利用。 In the battery treated by this method, the large crystals on the plate are all decomposed, the acid ions of the electrolyte are greatly increased, and the specific gravity is restored to a normal level. The battery is restored to a new initial state. For most of the batteries that are normally used, after such restoration, the capacity can be restored to more than 90% of the original nominal capacity, thereby realizing the recycling of lead-acid batteries that have been scrapped due to vulcanization.

在例 1的情况下: In the case of Example 1:

由于添加的浓度较低，反应速度较慢，在脉冲的作用下恢复的时间较长，而且恢复到蓄电池标称容量的 50%。 Due to the lower concentration of addition, the reaction rate is slower and recovers under the action of pulse It is longer and returns to 50% of the battery's nominal capacity.

在例 2的情况下： In the case of Example 2:

反应速度有所变化，蓄电池恢复到标称容量的 60%。 The reaction rate has changed and the battery has recovered to 60% of its nominal capacity.

在例 3的情况下： In the case of Example 3:

蓄电池恢复到标称容量的 75% The battery is restored to 75% of the nominal capacity

在例 4的情况下： In the case of Example 4:

去硫化反应加速，并且基本不产生热量，蓄电池恢复到原标称容量的 92%。 The desulfurization reaction accelerates and does not generate heat substantially, and the battery returns to 92% of the original nominal capacity.

在例 5的情况下： In the case of Example 5:

反应情况和例 4差不多，经测试，蓄电池最终容量恢复到原标称容量的 99%。 The reaction was similar to that of Example 4. After testing, the final capacity of the battery was restored to 99% of the original nominal capacity.

结论： in conclusion:

本发明修复剂充分应用较活泼金属离子与该硫酸盐中铅离子作用消除硫酸盐，使其分解对蓄电池有用的硫酸根离子和铅离子，同时用电流脉冲来加速反应，避免由于使用过程中产生大颗粒结晶体而使蓄电池失效。 The repairing agent of the invention fully utilizes the active metal ions and the lead ions in the sulfate to eliminate the sulfate, and decomposes the sulfate ion and the lead ion which are useful for the battery, and simultaneously uses the current pulse to accelerate the reaction, avoiding the generation due to the use process. Large particle crystals cause battery failure.

以上实施施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据已实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and the features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the present invention. Equivalent variations or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

权利要求 Rights request

1、一种铅酸蓄电池的修复***，包括一个铅酸蓄电池和蓄电池充电器，其特征在于：在铅酸蓄电池的每一组电池上都并联有一个电池均衡器与蓄电池连为一体；蓄电池充电器输出端的一端接于铅酸蓄电池的一极，蓄电池充电器输出端的另一端和一个去硫化充电器串连后接到铅酸蓄电池的另一极上。1. A repair system for a lead-acid battery, comprising a lead-acid battery and a battery charger, characterized in that: a battery equalizer is connected in parallel with the battery in each group of batteries of the lead-acid battery; One end of the output end of the battery is connected to one pole of the lead-acid battery, and the other end of the output end of the battery charger is connected in series with a desulfurization charger and connected to the other pole of the lead-acid battery.

2、使用权利要求 1的修复***修复铅酸蓄电池的方法，其特征在于，其方法是由以下歩骤组成： 2. A method of repairing a lead-acid battery using the repair system of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

一、安装电池均衡器 First, install the battery equalizer

(2) . 在每组蓄电池上都并联一个电池均衡器，蓄电池正极与电池均衡器正极相连，蓄电池负极与电池均衡器负极相连，平时不再卸下； (2). A battery equalizer is connected in parallel with each group of batteries. The positive pole of the battery is connected to the positive pole of the battery equalizer, and the negative pole of the battery is connected to the negative pole of the battery equalizer.

二、注入修复剂 Second, injecting repair agent

(1) . 当需要修复蓄电池时，打开电动车电池盒盖，将各单体电池上面板打开； (1) When the battery needs to be repaired, open the battery cover of the electric vehicle and open the upper panel of each unit battery;

(3) . 给每孔加入修复剂； (3) . Add a repair agent to each well;

三、连接充电器 Third, connect the charger

(1) . 将蓄电池充电器输出端的一端接于铅酸蓄电池的一极，蓄电池充电器输出端的另一端和一个去硫化充电器串连后接到铅酸蓄电池的另一极； (1) Connect one end of the battery charger output terminal to one pole of the lead-acid battery, and connect the other end of the battery charger output terminal to a desulfurization charger and connect it to the other pole of the lead-acid battery;

(2) . 接通电源，去硫化充电器的开关拨至维护档，向铅酸蓄电池充电，去硫化充电器红灯间歇闪亮为正常工作，绿灯亮表示充电完毕，此时电解液比重达到 1.26-1.28； (2) . Turn on the power, turn the switch of the vulcanization charger to the maintenance file, charge the lead-acid battery, and the red light of the vulcanization charger will flash normally for normal operation. When the green light is on, the charging is completed. 1.26-1.28;

四、以上歩骤为一个充电及修复循环过程，以后当铅酸蓄电池在使用后需充电时，都需进行一次以上歩骤的修复循环过程，当以上述歩骤完成了 5-7 个修复循环过程以后，铅酸蓄电池就得到了修复；以后再需充电时，充电器接通电源，去硫化充电器的开关拨至充电档，直接快速充电。 Fourth, the above steps are a charging and repairing cycle process, after the lead-acid battery is used When charging is required, the repair cycle of more than one step is required. After 5-7 repair cycles are completed in the above steps, the lead-acid battery is repaired; when charging is required later, the charger is turned on. Power, remove the switch of the vulcanization charger to the charging file, and charge directly.

3、根据权利要求 2所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述歩骤二中，修复剂按重量份由以下成分组成： 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the second step, the restorative consists of the following components in parts by weight:

乙酸钠 18— 25份，铝粉 6— 10份，去离子水 70— 80份； 18-25 parts of sodium acetate, 6-10 parts of aluminum powder, 70-80 parts of deionized water;

4、根据权利要求 2或 3所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述歩骤二中，修复剂按重量份由以下成分组成： 4. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that in the second step, the restorative consists of the following components in parts by weight:

乙酸钠 20份，铝粉 8份，去离子水 75份。 20 parts of sodium acetate, 8 parts of aluminum powder, and 75 parts of deionized water.

5、根据权利要求 4所述的方法，其特征在于：在所述歩骤二（3 ) 中，每孔 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: in the second step (3), each hole