WO2009089662A1

WO2009089662A1 - Adaptive frequency-coincidence generator

Info

Publication number: WO2009089662A1
Application number: PCT/CN2008/000273
Authority: WO
Inventors: Guangshun Wang
Original assignee: Guangshun Wang
Priority date: 2008-01-14
Filing date: 2008-02-02
Publication date: 2009-07-23
Also published as: CN101488693A

Abstract

An adaptive frequency-coincidence generator includes a main shaft (1), a rotor fixed to the main shaft (1) and a stator (3) around the rotor. The stator (3) is mounted on the main shaft (1) through a shaft bearing. A magnetic gap is set between an iron core of the stator (3) and an iron core (51) of the rotor. An exciting generator and a permanent-magnet synchronous motor are mounted on the main shaft (1). The permanent-magnet synchronous motor is fixed to a sleeve (94). An exciting winding (93) of the exciting generator is connected with an exciting power source through an electrical brush (95), and an armature winding (91) of the exciting generator is connected to a rotor winding (5) of the adaptive frequency-coincidence generator through conducting wires. A stator winding (7) of the adaptive frequency-coincidence generator is connected to output voltage terminals.

Description

自适应同频发电机技术领域 Adaptive co-frequency generator

本发明涉及一种发电机，尤其是一种适合用于低速多极、动力转速不稳定的发电机的自适应同频发电机。背景技术 The present invention relates to a generator, and more particularly to an adaptive co-frequency generator suitable for use in a low speed multi-pole, unstable power speed generator. Background technique

风力发电机、水力发电机等大功率低速多极发电机为了达到并网发电的要求，需要在不同转速的情况下输出的电压频率保持与电网频率一致，现在直驱型发电机多数采用整流一逆变一变频的方式进行电子调整输出频率，由于逆变器结构复杂、故障率高，成本高，已成为风力发电机并网发电的一大障碍。发明内容 In order to achieve the requirements of grid-connected power generation, high-power low-speed multi-pole generators such as wind turbines and hydro-generators need to maintain the same voltage frequency as the grid frequency at different speeds. Inverter-frequency conversion method electronically adjusts the output frequency. Due to the complicated structure of the inverter, high failure rate and high cost, it has become a major obstacle for wind turbines to be connected to the grid. Summary of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种结构简单、转速低、可直接并网且无需整流一逆变装置的自适应同频发电机，在动力转速允许的变化范围内无论主轴转速多少，输出电压频率始终保持与电网频率一致，且无需其他辅助调频手段。 The object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive co-frequency generator which has a simple structure, low rotation speed, can be directly connected to the grid and does not need to rectify an inverter device, and the output voltage frequency is always in the range of the allowable range of the power speed regardless of the spindle speed. It remains consistent with the grid frequency and does not require additional auxiliary frequency modulation.

为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案： In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

本发明所述的自适应同频发电机包括主轴、固定安装在主轴上的发电机转子，以及环绕设置在发电机转子周围的发电机定子，发电机定子通过轴承安装在主轴上，发电机定子固定安装在底座上，其特征在于：发电机转子包括爪极板、铁芯、转子线圈，铁芯固定安装在相对设置的两片爪极板之间，爪极板通过其中心的安装孔固定安装在主轴上，多个铁芯均勾分布在主轴的周围，铁芯上缠绕转子线圈；发电机定子呈圆桶状，其桶壁的两端固定连接端盖，端盖的中心通过轴承插装在主轴上，桶壁的内侧固定安装有定子线圈，定子线圈的铁芯与转子线圈的铁芯成磁隙配合；在主轴上还安装有励磁发电机和同步电动机，励磁发电机的电枢绕组固定安装在圆筒状的电枢支架的内壁上，电枢支架固定安装在主轴上，励磁发电机的励磁绕组固定安装在轴套上，轴套通过轴承套装在主轴上；轴套上同时还固定安装有电刷；所述同步电动机包括电动机定子和电动机转子，电动机定子与发电机定子固定连接，其内壁固定安装电动机定子线圈，电动机转子为永磁体转子，固定安装在轴套上；励磁发电机的励磁绕组通过电刷与励磁电源连接，电枢绕组通过导线连接转子线圈；定子线圈连接输出电压端。上述爪极板为圆盘状，其边缘部分沿圆周均匀分布多个齿状的爪极，爪极设置成与主轴的轴线平行、垂直于爪极板。 The adaptive co-frequency generator of the present invention comprises a main shaft, a generator rotor fixedly mounted on the main shaft, and a generator stator disposed around the generator rotor, the generator stator is mounted on the main shaft through a bearing, and the generator stator Fixedly mounted on the base, the utility model is characterized in that: the generator rotor comprises a claw plate, a iron core and a rotor coil, and the iron core is fixedly mounted between the two claw plates which are oppositely disposed, and the claw plate is fixed through the central mounting hole thereof Mounted on the main shaft, a plurality of iron cores are distributed around the main shaft, and the rotor core is wound on the iron core; the generator stator is in the shape of a barrel, and the ends of the barrel wall are fixedly connected to the end cover, and the center of the end cover is inserted through the bearing Mounted on the main shaft, the stator coil is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the barrel wall, and the iron core of the stator coil is magnetically matched with the iron core of the rotor coil; the excitation generator and the synchronous motor are also mounted on the main shaft, and the armature of the excitation generator is mounted. The winding is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the cylindrical armature bracket, the armature bracket is fixedly mounted on the main shaft, and the field winding of the excitation generator is fixedly mounted on the shaft The sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft through the bearing; the sleeve is also fixedly mounted with a brush; the synchronous motor comprises a motor stator and a motor rotor, the motor stator is fixedly connected with the generator stator, and the inner stator is fixedly mounted with the motor stator coil. The rotor of the motor is a permanent magnet rotor fixedly mounted on the sleeve; the excitation winding of the excitation generator is connected to the excitation power source through a brush, the armature winding is connected to the rotor coil through a wire; and the stator coil is connected to the output voltage terminal. The claw plate has a disk shape, and a plurality of toothed claw poles are evenly distributed along the circumference of the edge portion, and the claw pole is disposed parallel to the axis of the main shaft and perpendicular to the claw plate.

励磁发电机的励磁绕组缠绕在励磁铁芯上，励磁铁芯固定安装在两片励磁爪极板之间，励磁爪极板为圆盘状，其边缘部分沿圆周均匀分布多个齿状的励磁爪极，励磁爪极设置成与主轴的轴线平行、垂直于励磁爪极板；励磁爪极板的中心带有安装孔，多个励磁绕组以安装孔为中心均匀分布在安装孔的周围，安装孔中固定安装有安装套，安装套固定安装在轴套上。 The excitation winding of the excitation generator is wound around the excitation core, and the excitation core is fixedly mounted between the two excitation claw plates, the excitation claw plate is disc-shaped, and the edge portion thereof is uniformly distributed with a plurality of tooth-like excitations along the circumference. The claw pole, the exciting claw pole is disposed parallel to the axis of the main shaft and perpendicular to the exciting claw plate; the center of the exciting claw plate is provided with a mounting hole, and the plurality of exciting windings are evenly distributed around the mounting hole around the mounting hole, and are installed A mounting sleeve is fixedly mounted in the hole, and the mounting sleeve is fixedly mounted on the sleeve.

在主轴上通过平键固定安装有连接套，两片爪极板分别固定安装在连接套的两端。 A connecting sleeve is fixedly mounted on the main shaft by a flat key, and the two claw plates are fixedly mounted at both ends of the connecting sleeve.

采用上述技术方案以后，本发明具有如下优点- After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages -

1、在规定的范围内，无论主轴转速如何变化，输出电压的频率始终与电网频率一致，无需整流一逆变装置，结构简单、故障率低、发电效率高； 1. Within the specified range, regardless of the change of the spindle speed, the frequency of the output voltage is always consistent with the grid frequency, there is no need to rectify an inverter device, the structure is simple, the failure rate is low, and the power generation efficiency is high;

2、采用分布式小直径的励磁线圈结构，其电阻小，励磁能耗低； 2, the use of distributed small diameter excitation coil structure, its resistance is small, excitation energy consumption is low;

3、各旋转部件直接安装在同一主轴上，同心度高、气隙间隙小，降低生产成本，提高发电机的稳定性。 3. Each rotating component is directly mounted on the same main shaft. The concentricity is high and the air gap is small, which reduces the production cost and improves the stability of the generator.

4、能满足风力发电机、水力发电机等多种转速不稳定的发电机的要求，省掉增速装置及整流-逆变电子装置，提高发电机的可靠性，且发电机直径大大降低。 4. It can meet the requirements of various unstable generators such as wind turbines and hydroelectric generators, save speed-increasing devices and rectifier-inverter electronic devices, improve the reliability of generators, and greatly reduce the diameter of generators.

5、能够自动适应电网频率的变化； 5, can automatically adapt to changes in grid frequency;

6、结构简单、有利于降低制造成本，提高运行可靠性、大幅度降低工程造价。附图说明 6. Simple structure, which is conducive to reducing manufacturing costs, improving operational reliability and greatly reducing engineering cost. DRAWINGS

图 1是本发明的一个实施例的结构示意图； Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention;

图 2是图 1的 A-A剖视图； Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;

图 3是励磁发电机和同步电动机部分的放大示意图； Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the excitation generator and the synchronous motor portion;

图 4是图 3的 B— B剖视图； Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 3;

图 5是爪极板的展开结构示意图。具体实施方式 Fig. 5 is a schematic exploded view of the claw plate. detailed description

本实施例各附图采用类似剖面图的表达形式，但为了清楚表示各部分的结构和连接关系，局部未画出剖面线。 The drawings of the present embodiment adopt a similar sectional form of expression, but the structure of each part is clearly indicated. And the connection relationship, the section is not drawn.

如图 1所示，本发明所述的自适应同频发电机，包括主轴 1、固定安装在主轴 1上的发电机转子，以及环绕设置在发电机转子周围的发电机定子 3，发电机定子 3通过轴承安装在主轴 1上，发电机定子 3固定安装在底座 11上。发电机转子包括爪极板 2、铁芯 51、转子线圈 5。爪极板 2为圆盘状，采用导磁性能好的材料制成，其边缘部分沿圆周均匀分布多个齿状的爪极 21，爪极 21的形状呈梯形，爪极 21设置成与主轴 1的轴线平行、垂直于爪极板 2。如图 5所示，两片爪极板 2以爪极 21交错排列的形式相对平行设置。铁芯 51固定安装在相对设置的两片爪极板 2之间，爪极板 2通过其中心的安装孔固定安装在主轴 1上。在主轴 1上通过平键固定安装有连接套 6，两片爪极板 2分别固定安装在连接套 6 的两端。当然，为了避免转子线圈 5产生的磁场被连接套 6短路，连接套 6应采用不导磁的材料制成，如果为了降低成本釆用导磁的钢铁材料，则至少应该在连接套 6与爪极板 2之间设置由不导磁材料制成的垫片。这样可以保证转子线圈 5 产生的磁场的两极分别分布在两片爪极板 2上，而不被连接套 6短路。如图 2所示，有多个铁芯 51以爪极板 2上的安装孔为中心均匀分布在主轴 1的周围，铁芯 51上缠绕转子线圈 5。铁芯 51以及转子线圈 5的数量可以根据需要设置，可以是两个，也可以是三个、四个或者更多； As shown in FIG. 1, the adaptive co-frequency generator of the present invention comprises a main shaft 1, a generator rotor fixedly mounted on the main shaft 1, and a generator stator 3 disposed around the generator rotor, and a generator stator. 3 is mounted on the main shaft 1 through a bearing, and the generator stator 3 is fixedly mounted on the base 11. The generator rotor includes a claw plate 2, a core 51, and a rotor coil 5. The claw plate 2 is disc-shaped and made of a material having good magnetic permeability. The edge portion thereof uniformly distributes a plurality of tooth-shaped claw poles 21 along the circumference. The claw pole 21 has a trapezoidal shape, and the claw pole 21 is disposed to be a main shaft. The axis of 1 is parallel and perpendicular to the claw plate 2. As shown in Fig. 5, the two claw plates 2 are arranged in parallel in a staggered arrangement of the claw poles 21. The iron core 51 is fixedly mounted between the oppositely disposed two claw plates 2, and the claw plates 2 are fixedly mounted on the main shaft 1 through the center mounting holes thereof. A connecting sleeve is fixedly mounted on the main shaft 1 by a flat key. The two claw plates 2 are fixedly mounted at both ends of the connecting sleeve 6, respectively. Of course, in order to prevent the magnetic field generated by the rotor coil 5 from being short-circuited by the connecting sleeve 6, the connecting sleeve 6 should be made of a non-magnetic material. If the magnetically permeable steel material is used for cost reduction, at least the connecting sleeve 6 and the claw should be A spacer made of a non-magnetic material is disposed between the plates 2. This ensures that the two poles of the magnetic field generated by the rotor coil 5 are distributed on the two claw plates 2, respectively, without being short-circuited by the connecting sleeve 6. As shown in Fig. 2, a plurality of cores 51 are evenly distributed around the main shaft 1 around the mounting holes on the claw plates 2, and the rotor core 5 is wound around the iron core 51. The number of the iron core 51 and the rotor coil 5 may be set as needed, and may be two or three, four or more;

发电机定子 3呈圆桶状，其桶壁的两端固定连接端盖 31，端盖 31的中心通过轴承插装在主轴 1上，这样，主轴 1可以在端盖 31中旋转。桶壁的内侧固定安装有定子线圈 7，当然，这里定子线圈 7的极对数应该与爪极 21的个数相同。定子线圈 7的铁芯与转子线圈 5的铁芯成磁隙配合。 The generator stator 3 has a cylindrical shape, and both ends of the barrel wall are fixedly coupled to the end cover 31, and the center of the end cover 31 is inserted into the main shaft 1 through a bearing, so that the main shaft 1 can be rotated in the end cover 31. The stator coil 7 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the barrel wall. Of course, the number of pole pairs of the stator coil 7 should be the same as the number of the claw poles 21. The iron core of the stator coil 7 is magnetically fitted to the core of the rotor coil 5.

位于发电机定子 3内部的发电机转子可以是一组，也可以是 2组、 3组或者如附图 1所示的四组。采用多组发电机定子的结构可以提髙发电机的容量、便于实现模快化生产，从而降低生产制造的难度、降低生产成本。采用串联连接方式，能大大减少输出电压的谐波分量。 The generator rotors located inside the generator stator 3 may be a group, or may be two groups, three groups, or four groups as shown in Fig. 1. The structure of multiple sets of generator stators can improve the capacity of the generator and facilitate the rapid production of the mold, thereby reducing the difficulty of production and manufacturing and reducing the production cost. The series connection method can greatly reduce the harmonic components of the output voltage.

如图 1、图 3所示，在主轴 1上还安装有交流励磁发电机和三相同步电动机，励磁发电机的电枢绕组 91固定安装在圆筒状的电枢支架 92的内壁上，电枢支架 92固定套装在主轴 1上，励磁发电机的励磁绕组 93固定安装在轴套 94上，轴套 94通过轴承套装在主轴 1上。励磁发电机的励磁绕组结构与发电机转子的结构类似，也是采用相对设置的爪极板夹住铁芯、线圈的结构。具体说是将励磁发电机的励磁绕组 93缠绕在励磁铁芯 98上，励磁铁芯 98固定安装在两片励磁爪极板 99之间，励磁爪极板 99为圆盘状，其边缘部分沿圆周均匀分布多个齿状的励磁爪极 96，励磁爪极 96的形状呈梯形。当然，这里励磁爪极 96的个数应该与电枢绕组 91的极数相同。励磁爪极 96设置成与主轴 1的轴线平行、垂直于励磁爪极板 99; 如图 4所示，在励磁爪极板 99的中心带有安装孔，多个励磁绕组 93以安装孔为中心均匀分布在安装孔的周围，安装孔中固定安装有安装套 97，安装套 97固定安装在轴套 94上。安装套 97应该采用不导磁的材料制成，或者至少在安装套 97与励磁爪极板 99之间设置不导磁的垫片，从而避免两励磁爪极板 99之间磁短路。在轴套 94上同时还固定安装有电刷 95和同步电动机的电动机转子 82; 所述同步电动机包括电动机定子 81和电动机转子 82，电动机定子 81与发电机定子 3固定连接，为了机构更稳定，在电动机定子 81的一端与主轴 1连接的部位也采用轴承连接。在电动机定子 81 的内壁固定安装电动机定子线圈 83，电动机转子 82为永磁体转子，固定安装在轴套 94上；励磁发电机的励磁绕组 93通过电刷 95与励磁电源连接，电枢绕组 91通过导线连接转子线圈 5; 定子线圈 7连接输出电压端。为了便于电枢绕组 91与转子线圈 5的连接，本实施例将主轴 1设计成一端粗一端细的结构，在发电机转子和励磁发电机之间的主轴 1上带有一个台阶面，在这个台阶面上钻上孔，该孔从励磁发电机一侧通到转子线圈 5—侧。这样，励磁绕组 93的接头可以很容易地穿过台阶面上的孔进入转子线圈 5的一侧，与转子线圈 5连接。由于工作的时候转子线圈 5与励磁绕组 93同轴连接、相对静止，两者之间没有相对运动。这种连接不会妨碍正常工作。 As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, an AC excitation generator and a three-phase synchronous motor are further mounted on the main shaft 1. The armature winding 91 of the excitation generator is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the cylindrical armature bracket 92. The pivot bracket 92 is fixedly mounted on the main shaft 1, and the field winding 93 of the field generator is fixedly mounted on the sleeve 94, and the sleeve 94 is fitted on the main shaft 1 through a bearing. Excitation winding structure of excitation generator and junction of generator rotor Similarly, the structure of the core and the coil is sandwiched by the claw plates which are oppositely arranged. Specifically, the field winding 93 of the field generator is wound around the field core 98, and the field core 98 is fixedly mounted between the two excitation claw plates 99. The field claw plate 99 is disk-shaped, and the edge portion thereof is along the edge. A plurality of toothed excitation claw poles 96 are evenly distributed around the circumference, and the excitation claw poles 96 have a trapezoidal shape. Of course, the number of the exciting claw poles 96 here should be the same as the number of poles of the armature winding 91. The exciting claw pole 96 is disposed parallel to the axis of the main shaft 1 and perpendicular to the exciting claw plate 99; as shown in FIG. 4, a mounting hole is provided in the center of the exciting claw plate 99, and the plurality of exciting windings 93 are centered on the mounting hole Evenly distributed around the mounting hole, a mounting sleeve 97 is fixedly mounted in the mounting hole, and the mounting sleeve 97 is fixedly mounted on the sleeve 94. The mounting sleeve 97 should be made of a non-magnetic material, or at least a non-magnetic spacer between the mounting sleeve 97 and the excitation claw plate 99, thereby avoiding a magnetic short between the two excitation claw plates 99. A motor rotor 82 on which a brush 95 and a synchronous motor are mounted is also fixed to the sleeve 94. The synchronous motor includes a motor stator 81 and a motor rotor 82. The motor stator 81 is fixedly coupled to the generator stator 3, and the mechanism is more stable. A portion connected to the main shaft 1 at one end of the motor stator 81 is also connected by a bearing. The motor stator coil 83 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the motor stator 81. The motor rotor 82 is a permanent magnet rotor fixedly mounted on the sleeve 94. The field winding 93 of the field generator is connected to the excitation power source via the brush 95, and the armature winding 91 is passed. The wire is connected to the rotor coil 5; the stator coil 7 is connected to the output voltage terminal. In order to facilitate the connection of the armature winding 91 and the rotor coil 5, in this embodiment, the main shaft 1 is designed to have a thick end and a thin end, and a step surface is provided on the main shaft 1 between the generator rotor and the exciter generator. A hole is drilled into the step surface, and the hole passes from the side of the field generator to the side of the rotor coil 5. Thus, the joint of the field winding 93 can easily pass through the hole in the stepped surface into one side of the rotor coil 5 to be connected to the rotor coil 5. Since the rotor coil 5 is coaxially connected to the field winding 93 during operation, it is relatively stationary, and there is no relative motion between the two. This connection does not prevent normal work.

工作的时候，主轴 1带动固定连接在其上的发电机转子、电枢支架 92、电枢绕组 91以一定的转速转动，即发电机转子以及励磁发电机的电枢支架 92、电枢绕组 91的转速相同，而发电机定子 3以及电动机定子 81与主轴 1之间因为有轴承连接，并固定在底座上，是固定不动的。当给同步电动机输入电网频率电源的时候，电动机转子 82通过轴套 94带动励磁爪极板 99旋转。 During operation, the main shaft 1 drives the generator rotor, the armature bracket 92, and the armature winding 91 fixedly coupled thereto to rotate at a certain rotational speed, that is, the generator rotor and the armature bracket 92 of the field generator and the armature winding 91. The rotational speeds are the same, and the generator stator 3 and the motor stator 81 and the main shaft 1 are fixed by the bearing connection and fixed to the base. When the grid frequency power source is input to the synchronous motor, the motor rotor 82 drives the excitation claw plate 99 to rotate by the sleeve 94.

此时，励磁电源通过电刷 95给励磁发电机的励磁绕组 93通以励磁电流，并在励磁爪极板 99上产生磁场，该磁场在电动机转子 82的带动下，以转速 N同步旋转。此时，励磁发电机的电枢绕组 91在主轴 1的带动下以低于励磁爪极板 99的速度旋转，主轴 1的转速为 Nl。使得励磁发电机的电枢绕组 91和励磁爪极板 99产生的磁场发生相对运动，差速度为 N-N1。这时，在励磁发电机的电枢绕组 91上产生频率为 F1的电动势， F1=P1 (N-N1 ) 160, 其中 P1为励磁发电机的极对数。将该电动势加到发电机的转子线圈 5上，使爪极板 2上产生频率为 F1的交变磁场。 At this time, the exciting power source supplies a field current to the field winding 93 of the field generator via the brush 95, and a magnetic field is generated on the field claw plate 99. The magnetic field is synchronously rotated by the number of revolutions N by the motor rotor 82. At this time, the armature winding 91 of the field generator is lower than the excitation claw plate under the driving of the main shaft 1. The speed of 99 is rotated, and the rotation speed of the spindle 1 is Nl. The magnetic field generated by the armature winding 91 of the field generator and the exciting claw plate 99 is relatively moved, and the difference speed is N-N1. At this time, an electromotive force of frequency F1 is generated on the armature winding 91 of the field generator, F1 = P1 (N - N1 ) 160, where P1 is the number of pole pairs of the field generator. This electromotive force is applied to the rotor coil 5 of the generator to generate an alternating magnetic field having a frequency F1 on the claw plate 2.

上述交变磁场在主轴 1的带动下以转速 N1旋转，并在发电机的定子线圈 Ί 上产生频率为 F2的电动势， F2HFl+P2*Nl/60，其中 P2为发电机的极对数。 The alternating magnetic field is rotated by the spindle 1 by the rotation speed N1, and an electromotive force of frequency F2 is generated on the stator coil Ί of the generator, F2HF1+P2*Nl/60, where P2 is the pole pair number of the generator.

当同步电动机的极对数为 P、电网频率即同步电动机的电源频率为 F的时候，则同步电动机的转速为 N=60*F/P; When the number of pole pairs of the synchronous motor is P, the grid frequency, that is, the power frequency of the synchronous motor is F, then the speed of the synchronous motor is N=60*F/P;

由此可知， F2= Fl+P2*Nl/60= PI ( N-Nl ) /60+ Ρ2*Ν1/60=Ρ1*Ν/60+Ν1 (P2-P1 ) /60。因为 N=60*F/P，所以 F2=F*P1/P+N1 (P2-P1 ) /60。 From this, it can be seen that F2 = Fl + P2 * Nl / 60 = PI ( N - Nl ) / 60 + Ρ 2 * Ν 1 / 60 = Ρ 1 * Ν / 60 + Ν 1 (P2-P1 ) / 60. Since N=60*F/P, F2=F*P1/P+N1 (P2-P1) /60.

由上述公式可知，当 P1=P2的时候， F2= F*P1/P, 即当发电机极对数与励磁发电机的极对数相等的时候，发电机输出电压的频率只与电网频率！⁷、同步电动机的极对数 P、励磁发电机的极对数 PI有关，而与发电机的转速无关。 It can be seen from the above formula that when P1=P2, F2=F*P1/P, that is, when the generator pole pair is equal to the pole pair of the excitation generator, the frequency of the generator output voltage is only related to the grid frequency! ^7. The pole pair P of the synchronous motor and the pole pair number PI of the excitation generator are independent of the speed of the generator.

在上述条件的基础上，当同步电动机的极对数 P与励磁发电机的极对数 P1 也相等的时候，即 P1=P2=P， F2=F, 也即发电机输出电压的频率等于电网频率即同步电动机的电源频率，从而实现发电机的输出频率在规定范围内始终等于电网频率，即同频发电。 On the basis of the above conditions, when the pole pair P of the synchronous motor and the pole pair P1 of the field generator are also equal, that is, P1=P2=P, F2=F, that is, the frequency of the generator output voltage is equal to the grid. The frequency is the power frequency of the synchronous motor, so that the output frequency of the generator is always equal to the grid frequency within the specified range, that is, the same frequency power generation.

另外，该自适应同频发电机还可实现输出电压的调整，当励磁电源的电压升高的时候，励磁发电机的励磁电流随之而增大，励磁电动势也随之升高，施加在励磁绕组 93上的励磁电流也增大，这时，在电枢绕组 91上产生的输出电动势也随之升高，发电机转子线圈 5中的励磁电流也增大，在定子线圈 7上产生的电动势随之升高。反之，当励磁电源的电压降低的时候，输出电动势也随之降低。该发电机可以能容易地实现输出电压的调整，进而调整发电机向电网输送无功功率的大小。 In addition, the adaptive co-frequency generator can also realize the adjustment of the output voltage. When the voltage of the excitation power source rises, the excitation current of the excitation generator increases accordingly, and the excitation electromotive force also increases, and is applied to the excitation. The exciting current on the winding 93 also increases, at which time the output electromotive force generated on the armature winding 91 also rises, and the exciting current in the generator rotor coil 5 also increases, and the electromotive force generated on the stator coil 7 It then rises. Conversely, when the voltage of the excitation power supply decreases, the output electromotive force also decreases. The generator can easily adjust the output voltage to adjust the amount of reactive power delivered by the generator to the grid.

本实施例采用的是爪极式发电机转子，但实际应用不仅局限于这一种形式，还可以用于凸极式发电机等其他具有类!¾结构转子的发电机。 In this embodiment, a claw-pole generator rotor is used, but the practical application is not limited to this form, and can also be applied to other generators having a rotor type such as a salient-pole generator.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim

1、自适应同频发电机，包括主轴（1)、固定安装在主轴（1)上的发电机转子，以及环绕设置在发电机转子周围的发电机定子（3)，发电机定子（3) 通过轴承安装在主轴（1)上，发电机定子（3) 固定安装在底座（11)上，其特征在于：发电机转子包括爪极板（2)、铁芯（51)、转子线圈（5)，铁芯（51) 固定安装在相对设置的两片爪极板（2)之间，爪极板（2)通过其中心的安装孔固定安装在主轴（1) 上，多个铁芯（51)均匀分布在主轴（1) 的周围，铁芯（51) 上缠绕转子线圈（5); 发电机定子（3)呈圆桶状，其桶壁的两端固定连接端盖1. An adaptive co-frequency generator comprising a main shaft (1), a generator rotor fixedly mounted on the main shaft (1), and a generator stator (3) disposed around the generator rotor, the generator stator (3) Mounted on the main shaft (1) by bearings, the generator stator (3) is fixedly mounted on the base (11), characterized in that: the generator rotor comprises a claw plate (2), a core (51), a rotor coil (5) ), the iron core (51) is fixedly mounted between the two claw plates (2) disposed oppositely, and the claw plate (2) is fixedly mounted on the main shaft (1) through the central mounting hole thereof, and the plurality of iron cores ( 51) evenly distributed around the main shaft (1), the rotor core (51) is wound with a rotor coil (5); the generator stator (3) is in the shape of a barrel, and the ends of the barrel wall are fixedly connected to the end cover

(31), 端盖（31)的中心通过轴承插装在主轴（1)上，桶壁的内侧固定安装有定子线圈（7)，定子线圈（7) 的铁芯与转子线圈（5) 的铁芯成磁隙配合；在主轴（1) 上还安装有励磁发电机和同步电动机，励磁发电机的电枢绕组（91) 固定安装在圆筒状的电枢支架（92)的内壁上，电枢支架（92)固定安装在主轴 (1) 上，励磁发电机的励磁绕组（93) 固定安装在轴套（94)上，轴套（94)通过轴承套装在主轴（1)上；轴套（94)上同时还固定安装有电刷（95); 所述同步电动机包括电动机定子（81)和电动机转子（82), 电动机定子（81) 与发电机定子（3) 固定连接，其内壁固定安装电动机定子线圈（83)，电动机转子（82)为永磁体转子，固定安装在轴套（94)上；励磁发电机的励磁绕组（93)通过电刷(31), the center of the end cap (31) is inserted into the main shaft (1) through a bearing, and the stator coil (7) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the barrel wall, and the iron core of the stator coil (7) and the rotor coil (5) are fixed. The core is magnetically matched; an excitation generator and a synchronous motor are also mounted on the main shaft (1), and the armature winding (91) of the excitation generator is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the cylindrical armature bracket (92). The armature bracket (92) is fixedly mounted on the main shaft (1), the excitation winding (93) of the excitation generator is fixedly mounted on the sleeve (94), and the sleeve (94) is fitted on the main shaft (1) through the bearing; The sleeve (94) is also fixedly mounted with a brush (95); the synchronous motor includes a motor stator (81) and a motor rotor (82), and the motor stator (81) is fixedly connected to the generator stator (3), and the inner wall thereof The motor stator coil (83) is fixedly mounted, and the motor rotor (82) is a permanent magnet rotor fixedly mounted on the sleeve (94); the field winding (93) of the field generator passes the brush

(95)与励磁电源连接，电枢绕组（91)通过导线连接转子线圈（5); 定子线圈(95) connected to the excitation power supply, the armature winding (91) is connected to the rotor coil by wires (5); the stator coil

(7)连接输出电压端。 (7) Connect the output voltage terminal.

2、根据权利要求 1所述的自适应同频发电机，其特征在于：爪极板（2)为圆盘状，其边缘部分沿圆周均匀分布多个齿状的爪极（21)，爪极（21)设置成与主轴（1) 的轴线平行、垂直于爪极板（2)。 2. The adaptive co-frequency generator according to claim 1, wherein: the claw plate (2) has a disk shape, and the edge portion thereof uniformly distributes a plurality of toothed claw poles (21) along the circumference, the claw The pole (21) is arranged parallel to the axis of the main shaft (1) and perpendicular to the claw plate (2).

3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的自适应同频发电机，其特征在于：励磁发电机的励磁绕组（93)缠绕在励磁铁芯（98)上，励磁铁芯（98) 固定安装在两片励磁爪极板（99)之间，励磁爪极板（99)为圆盘状，其边缘部分沿圆周均匀分布多个齿状的励磁爪极（96)，励磁爪极（96) 设置成与主轴（1) 的轴线平行、垂直于励磁爪极板（99); 励磁爪极板（99) 的中心带有安装孔，多个励磁绕组3. The adaptive co-frequency generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the field winding (93) of the field generator is wound around the field core (98), and the field core (98) is fixedly mounted on Between the two excitation claw plates (99), the excitation claw plate (99) has a disk shape, and a plurality of toothed excitation claw poles (96) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the edge portion, and the excitation claw pole (96) is disposed. Parallel to the axis of the spindle (1), perpendicular to the excitation claw plate (99); the center of the excitation claw plate (99) with mounting holes, multiple excitation windings

(93) 以安装孔为中心均匀分布在安装孔的周围，安装孔中固定安装有安装套 (97)，安装套（97) 固定安装在轴套（94)上。 (93) Evenly distributed around the mounting hole around the mounting hole, and the mounting hole is fixedly mounted in the mounting hole (97), the mounting sleeve (97) is fixedly mounted on the bushing (94).

4、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的自适应同频发电机，其特征在于：在主轴（1 ) 上通过平键固定安装有连接套（6)，两片爪极板（2)分别固定安装在连接套（6) 的两端。 The adaptive co-frequency generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting sleeve (6) is fixedly mounted on the main shaft (1) by a flat key, and the two claw plates (2) are respectively fixed. Installed on both ends of the connection sleeve (6).