WO2009087217A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un substrat d'acier émaillé - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un substrat d'acier émaillé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009087217A1
WO2009087217A1 PCT/EP2009/050214 EP2009050214W WO2009087217A1 WO 2009087217 A1 WO2009087217 A1 WO 2009087217A1 EP 2009050214 W EP2009050214 W EP 2009050214W WO 2009087217 A1 WO2009087217 A1 WO 2009087217A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metal
steel substrate
enamel
layer
steel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/050214
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Marc Leveaux
Javier Gonzalez
Original Assignee
Ocas Onderzoekscentrum Voor Aanwending Van Staal N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to ES09701092.0T priority Critical patent/ES2669588T3/es
Priority to SI200931832T priority patent/SI2238279T1/en
Priority to US12/812,140 priority patent/US20110008537A1/en
Priority to MX2010007570A priority patent/MX2010007570A/es
Priority to KR1020157020514A priority patent/KR101707447B1/ko
Priority to UAA201008572A priority patent/UA100712C2/ru
Priority to CA2711580A priority patent/CA2711580C/fr
Priority to EA201000961A priority patent/EA018759B1/ru
Application filed by Ocas Onderzoekscentrum Voor Aanwending Van Staal N.V. filed Critical Ocas Onderzoekscentrum Voor Aanwending Van Staal N.V.
Priority to BRPI0905654-8A priority patent/BRPI0905654B1/pt
Priority to CN200980101743.5A priority patent/CN101952483B/zh
Priority to PL09701092T priority patent/PL2238279T3/pl
Priority to EP09701092.0A priority patent/EP2238279B1/fr
Publication of WO2009087217A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009087217A1/fr
Priority to ZA2010/04943A priority patent/ZA201004943B/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D3/00—Chemical treatment of the metal surfaces prior to coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D11/00—Continuous processes; Apparatus therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
    • C23D5/005—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers by a method specially adapted for coating special objects
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D7/00—Treating the coatings, e.g. drying before burning

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a method for producing an enamel layer on a steel substrate, such as a steel sheet or formed product.
  • the invention is equally related to the enamelled steel substrate as such, preferably obtained by the method of the invention.
  • Vitrified enamelled products are thus widely used in different applications such as in washing machines, sanitary ware, cooking range, domestic appliances, as well as construction materials.
  • a number of processes exist for producing enamelled steel products involves the following steps: applying a first layer of enamel, containing adhesion promoting oxides, such as cobalt, nickel, copper, antimony or molybdenum oxides, a first firing operation,
  • the layer of enamel typically at a temperature range of 750 to 900 0 C.
  • the enamel does not comprise adhesion promoting oxides, so that it does not change colour.
  • the adhesion in this type of enamelling is due to the prior pickling and nickling operation.
  • this type of pre-treatment operation is environment-unfriendly and costly.
  • the document EP-A-0964078 focuses on Zn and Zn-alloy precoatings, applied by hot dipping or by electrolytic plating, and includes all Zn or Zn-alloy coatings with a thickness of the Zn-coating between l ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m, in particular 7 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
  • the chemistry includes all Zn-contents above 50% with a content of the other alloy components of up to 15% (Al, Fe, Mg, Si, Cr, Ni, Co, Cu, Mn) .
  • the patent applies for decarburised steel surfaces (C ⁇ 0.08%, in particular ⁇ 0.004%) or IF steel surfaces (all carbon tied in precipitates) .
  • the documents WO-A-0250326 and WO-A-0252055 describe a nickel-molybdenum alloy coating applied by electrolytic or electroless plating, which is then subjected to a heat treatment in a temperature range between 500 0 C and 900 0 C.
  • the documents JP-A-04107752 and JP-A-04107753 describe an iron-molybdenum coated cold rolled steel sheet for direct adhesion of the enamel.
  • the iron-molybdenum coating is obtained by electrolytic plating in a bath containing e.g. iron sulfates and molybdenum ammonium salts. After plating, the plated steel sheet is heat treated at temperatures between 500 0 C and 900 0 C.
  • the documents JP-A-04107754 and JP-A-04107755 describe an iron-cobalt-molybdenum coated steel sheet obtained by electrolytic plating, followed by a heat treatment at temperatures between 500 0 C and 900 0 C.
  • the plating technology has some disadvantages related to environmental issues, resulting from the chemical compounds like salts and sulfates used in the plating bath.
  • Document - FR2805277 - is related to a method for direct enamelling of steel sheets, which are covered by a polymer based corrosion protection layer.
  • the surface density of the layer is chosen sufficiently low such that a degreasing step is not required prior to the application of the enamel, while at the same time, the density is high enough to ensure adequate corrosion protection. This technique does however not allow to obtain optimum characteristics in terms of adhesion. The strict requirements in terms of surface density also complicate the process.
  • Document - US1962617 - is related to the manufacture of enamel ware, involving the application of a coating of adhesion promoting oxides such as Cobalt oxides to a steel surface.
  • the oxides are mixed with a solvent and a suspending agent such as ammonium linoleate, clay or bentonite, before being applied to the surface and subsequently drying the surface.
  • the invention aims to provide a method for producing a steel substrate, in particular a steel sheet which is directly enamelled in white or colour by a cover coat enamel layer, which does not have the drawbacks of the state of the art.
  • the present invention aims to provide a method for producing a steel substrate wherein a strong adhesion between steel sheet and enamel is observed, and which is produced with any kind of steels suited for enamelling, and in an environment-friendly and simple process.
  • the invention is related to a method and a product such as described in the appended claims.
  • the invention is firstly related to a method for producing an enamelled steel substrate, said method comprising the steps of :
  • the metal when not in oxide form, is either present in unbound form or in an alloy with one or more other metals suitable for promoting enamel adhesion, for example an alloy of one or more transition metals and/or Sb.
  • the metal is not present in the form of a non-oxide ceramic, such as a carbide or suicide, nor as any other organometallic compound.
  • Preferred embodiments are described in any combination of claim 1 with one or more of the subclaims 2 to 11.
  • said metal is chosen from the group consisting of Sc, Ti, V, Co, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, Mo, W and Sb and wherein said metal oxide is the oxide of a metal chosen from the group consisting of V, Co, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn,
  • said metal is chosen from the group consisting of Ni, Cu, Co, Mo and wherein said metal oxide is the oxide of a metal chosen from the group consisting of Ni, Cu, Co, Mo.
  • said at least one metal or metal oxide is/are added to said organic layer in the form of a powder.
  • said powder has a mean particle size smaller than 2 microns.
  • said organic layer has a thickness between 100 nm and 10 microns, preferably between 100 nm and 6 microns.
  • said solution is applied to the substrate by coil coating, dipping or spraying.
  • said curing step takes place at a temperature between 80 0 C and 250 0 C.
  • said firing step is performed at a temperature between 700°C and 900 0 C.
  • the firing step is preceded by a step of drying the enamel layer.
  • said steel substrate is subjected to a step of forming and/or cutting, after the step of applying said organic layer and before the step of applying said enamel layer.
  • the present invention as a second object is equally related to a steel substrate, comprising on the surface of the steel substrate an organic coating, consisting of a polymer layer comprising at least one metal or metal oxide, said metal or metal oxide being suitable for promoting the adhesion of an enamel layer to the surface of the steel substrate.
  • said organic coating is a Thin Organic Coating, having a thickness between 100 nm and 10 microns and preferably between 100 nm and 6 microns.
  • said substrate is a steel sheet.
  • the present invention is also related to the use of a steel substrate as defined here above for producing an enamelled steel sheet or part.
  • the organic coating (e.g. a sheet) is coated with an organic coating, comprising metal or metal oxides that are suitable for promoting adhesion of an enamel layer.
  • the organic coating consists of a polymer layer comprising in said layer one or more adhesion promoting metals and/or metal oxides, said adhesion promoting materials being present in the form of particles embedded in said matrix.
  • the coating is a so-called Thin Organic Coating, having a thickness between 100 nm and 10 microns.
  • an enamel layer is applied to the substrate and subjected to a firing step.
  • the organic coating is prepared from a solution comprising a solvent, e.g. water, and polymers dispersed, dissolved or emulsified into this solvent.
  • the polymers are the precursors of the organic coating.
  • these precursors are loaded, i.e. mixed with a filler which is suitable for promoting the adhesion of an enamel layer to the surface of the steel substrate.
  • the filler material is able to react at high temperature with the steel surface and elements present in the enamel composition, in order to form an interface in between.
  • the filler is preferably administered to the solution in the form of a powder, the mean particle size being lower than 2 microns, more preferably between 1 and lOOOnm. Said powder is added to the solution by dispersion.
  • the solvent comprising polymer and filler is applied to the steel sheet by a known technique, e.g. coil coating, dipping or spraying.
  • the filler material is metal or metal oxide, or a mixture of one or more metals, or a mixture of one or more metal oxides, or a mixture of metals and metal oxides.
  • the filler can thus be a mixture of particles of different metals or of different metal oxides or of different metals and metal oxides, and/or the filler can comprise particles which are themselves consisting of a mixture of metals and/or metal oxides, e.g. an alloy of two or more adhesion promoting metals.
  • the filler particles can be pre-coated with a polymer or other organic coating, to modify the chemistry of the surface of the filler particles, in order to facilitate dispersion of these particles.
  • Metals/metal oxides which are suitable for adhesion promotion of enamel are known in the art, e.g. Cobalt or Cobalt oxide. Any of such known adhesion promotors can be used in the present invention. According to the preferred embodiment, one or more of the metals chosen from the group consisting of V, Co, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, Mo, W and Sb are used - pure or in oxide form - in the filler . All these metallic oxides of metals are suitable adhesion promotors as all can be reduced at low temperatures, and all are chemically and physically compatible with iron. For example, they can form as well titanates reacting with titanium dioxide from the glass composition .
  • a more preferred embodiment uses one or more of the metals Ni, Cu, Co, Mo and/or their oxides in the filler.
  • the steel sheet is subjected to a curing step in order to remove the solvent and to form the organic coating onto the steel surface.
  • This curing step may be performed according to known techniques for applying TOC, such as hot air (convection) curing at temperatures between 80° and 250 0 C or Infra Red curing.
  • the result is an organic coating, preferably a Thin Organic Coating as defined above, consisting of a polymer layer and adhesion promoting materials embedded therein.
  • the final thickness of the TOC is preferably between lOOnm and 10 microns, more preferably between lOOnm and 6 microns, more preferably between 1 and 3microns.
  • the following compositions of the TOC after curing are obtained by the method of the invention :
  • Adherence promotor i.e. the filler, e.g. metal or metal oxide
  • the filler is preferably present in the TOC in a density of between 100 and 6000 mg/m2.
  • the cover coat enamel layer is applied by a known technique, such as wet or dry electrostatic spraying, pneumatic spraying, dipping, or flow coating technologies. Possibly, the enamelling can be preceded by cutting or forming steps. The application of the enamel layer is not preceded by degreasing, pickling or nickling.
  • a cover coat enamel is defined as an enamel applied as an outside surface, which is contrary to a ground coat enamel, used as a base layer for subsequent further treatment and coating.
  • a cover coat enamel generally does not contain adherence promotors .
  • the cover coat enamel layer is finalized by a firing step, according to a known technique, preferably at a temperature between 700 0 C and 900 0 C, and possibly preceded by drying the enamel layer (for wet applicative technologies) .
  • the firing step causes the burning out of the organic layer. In other words, the polymer of the layer is burned and thereby removed.
  • the steel sheet can be decarburized or not, and can be any sheet suitable for enamelling, e.g. Al- killed, high-oxygen, Ti-added, Nb-added, Ti-Nb added, B- added steel.
  • the pre-coated steel sheet is coated with a single cover coat enamel layer, without any substantial adherence promoting metal oxides in the enamel, and subjected to a firing step.
  • the adhesion-promoting metal oxides present in the pre-coat provide for a good adhesion of the enamel layer, without necessitating pre-treatments of the sheet, such as nickling.
  • the enamel doesn't darken, due to the absence of adhesion promoting elements in the enamel layer itself.
  • Additional advantages of an organic coating according to the invention are related to specific capabilities of this particular type of coating, i.e. consisting of a polymer matrix as described above. It has been found that such coatings have low friction- characteristics, allowing the product on which the coating is present to be deformed, e.g. in a deep-drawing or other deformation process, without damaging the coating. This would not be possible when an organic coating based on clay or bentonite as described in the prior art.
  • the coatings of the invention provide corrosion protection comparable to the corrosion protection offered by oiling of cold rolled steel sheets. This is important because pre-treated products may be subject to longer periods of transport or storage before the enamelling step is performed.
  • the coatings according to the invention are resistant to water, which cannot be said of clays or bentonite such as documented in the prior art. This allows the pre-treated products to be easily cleaned with water, e.g. after a period of storage, before performing the enamelling step.
  • Beetafin LS9010 is a current polyurethane dispersion manufactured by the company BIP Limited, UK.
  • NiO and Co304 powders are current nano powders manufactured by Inframat Advanced Materials LLC, USA.
  • the thickness of the enamel layer was measured and the bond of enamelled sheet steel was tested afterwards according to the norm EN10209 (tables 2 and 3) .
  • the thickness of the enamel after firing was found over lOO ⁇ m. Good bond was observed in all cases because the surface of the enamel layer is smooth and glossy, without any surface defect such as pin holes, craters or blisters.
  • a bond quoted 1 according to the norm EN10209 is the best result to obtain.
  • a dense interface issued from the reaction between steel, enamel and TOC is fully covering the steel surface.
  • bonds quoted 1 & 2 are very high quality, 3 is acceptable, 4 critical and 5 fully out of range.
  • Table 2 bond according to EN10209 obtained for different TOC containing NiO and fired at different temperatures and times
  • Table 3 bond according to EN10209 obtained for different TOC containing Co304 and fired at different temperatures and times.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un procédé de fabrication d'un substrat d'acier émaillé, qui consiste à : se procurer un substrat d'acier, - appliquer à une surface dudit substrat d'acier une solution comprenant un solvant, un précurseur de polymère et au moins un métal ou oxyde métallique, ledit métal ou oxyde métallique étant approprié pour favoriser l'adhésion d'une couche d'émail sur la surface du substrat d'acier, - faire durcir ladite tôle d'acier, ce qui permet ainsi d'éliminer ledit solvant, et former une couche organique comprenant ledit ou lesdits métaux ou oxydes métalliques, - appliquer à ladite couche organique une couche d'émail, en faisant suivre par une étape de cuisson, pour obtenir le substrat d'acier émaillé.
PCT/EP2009/050214 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 Procédé de fabrication d'un substrat d'acier émaillé WO2009087217A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2711580A CA2711580C (fr) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 Procede de fabrication d'un substrat d'acier emaille
US12/812,140 US20110008537A1 (en) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 Method for Producing an Enamelled Steel Substrate
MX2010007570A MX2010007570A (es) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 Procedimiento para producir un sustrato de acero esmaltado.
KR1020157020514A KR101707447B1 (ko) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 에나멜을 도포한 철판을 생산하는 방법
UAA201008572A UA100712C2 (ru) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ эмалированной стальной подложки
ES09701092.0T ES2669588T3 (es) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 Procedimiento para producir un sustrato de acero esmaltado
EA201000961A EA018759B1 (ru) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 Способ изготовления эмалированной стальной подложки
SI200931832T SI2238279T1 (en) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 A process for the production of an enamelled steel substrate
BRPI0905654-8A BRPI0905654B1 (pt) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 metodo de produção de um substrato de aço esmaltado e uso de um substrato de aço
CN200980101743.5A CN101952483B (zh) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 用于制造搪瓷钢基材的方法
PL09701092T PL2238279T3 (pl) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 Sposób wytwarzania emaliowanego podłoża stalowego
EP09701092.0A EP2238279B1 (fr) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 Procédé de fabrication d'un substrat d'acier émaillé
ZA2010/04943A ZA201004943B (en) 2008-01-10 2010-07-13 Method for producing an enamelled steel substrate

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08150162 2008-01-10
EP08150162.9 2008-01-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009087217A1 true WO2009087217A1 (fr) 2009-07-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2009/050214 WO2009087217A1 (fr) 2008-01-10 2009-01-09 Procédé de fabrication d'un substrat d'acier émaillé

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US20110008537A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2238279B1 (fr)
KR (2) KR20100113101A (fr)
CN (1) CN101952483B (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0905654B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2711580C (fr)
EA (1) EA018759B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2669588T3 (fr)
MX (1) MX2010007570A (fr)
PL (1) PL2238279T3 (fr)
SI (1) SI2238279T1 (fr)
TR (1) TR201807362T4 (fr)
UA (1) UA100712C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009087217A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201004943B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3231894A1 (fr) 2016-04-12 2017-10-18 Prince Belgium BVBA Apprêt inorganique pour émaillage en acier
WO2021000924A1 (fr) * 2019-07-03 2021-01-07 Program Contractors Limited Panneaux d'émail vitreux antibactériens auto-nettoyants
WO2022179884A1 (fr) * 2021-02-26 2022-09-01 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Procédé de production d'un composant d'acier émaillé, composant d'acier émaillé et son utilisation

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KR101050225B1 (ko) * 2011-02-10 2011-07-19 주식회사 한발 내식성이 향상된 가스가스히터 열소자 코팅방법 및 장치
CN103787580B (zh) * 2013-12-13 2016-04-06 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 热水器搪瓷内胆及搪瓷釉粉
KR20180048632A (ko) * 2015-07-24 2018-05-10 온데르조액센트럼 부어 앤웬딩 판 스타알 엔.브이. Co- 및 Ni- 프리 유리 에나멜 처리된 금속 코팅된 스틸 기판의 제조방법 및 이를 위한 프라이머 조성물
CN107488847B (zh) * 2016-06-12 2019-10-25 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 一种表面处理剂、涂覆有该表面处理剂的搪瓷用钢和零件
FR3056207B1 (fr) * 2016-09-19 2018-09-07 Saint Gobain Vitrage muni d'une couche de protection temporaire et d'un logo ou motif imprime
KR102216663B1 (ko) * 2017-02-02 2021-02-17 엘지전자 주식회사 유리 조성물, 이의 제조방법 및 조리기기
US11236427B2 (en) 2017-12-06 2022-02-01 Polyvision Corporation Systems and methods for in-line thermal flattening and enameling of steel sheets
WO2020212737A1 (fr) * 2019-04-17 2020-10-22 Arcelormittal Procédé de fabrication d'un substrat métallique revêtu par dépôt de métal au laser
CN113308647B (zh) * 2020-02-27 2022-06-28 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 一种搪瓷用冷轧钢板及其制造方法

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US1962617A (en) * 1932-10-04 1934-06-12 Enamelers Guild Inc Manufacture of enamel ware
US3041201A (en) * 1959-07-21 1962-06-26 Inland Steel Co Method of treating ferrous metal base for vitreous enameling and coated metal base produced

Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3231894A1 (fr) 2016-04-12 2017-10-18 Prince Belgium BVBA Apprêt inorganique pour émaillage en acier
WO2021000924A1 (fr) * 2019-07-03 2021-01-07 Program Contractors Limited Panneaux d'émail vitreux antibactériens auto-nettoyants
WO2022179884A1 (fr) * 2021-02-26 2022-09-01 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Procédé de production d'un composant d'acier émaillé, composant d'acier émaillé et son utilisation

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UA100712C2 (ru) 2013-01-25
EA201000961A1 (ru) 2011-02-28
CN101952483B (zh) 2014-12-17
EP2238279A1 (fr) 2010-10-13
BRPI0905654B1 (pt) 2019-11-12
PL2238279T3 (pl) 2018-08-31
KR20100113101A (ko) 2010-10-20
EP2238279B1 (fr) 2018-03-07
ES2669588T3 (es) 2018-05-28
CA2711580A1 (fr) 2009-07-16
EA018759B1 (ru) 2013-10-30
ZA201004943B (en) 2011-12-28
TR201807362T4 (tr) 2018-06-21
BRPI0905654A2 (pt) 2015-07-07
KR101707447B1 (ko) 2017-02-16
MX2010007570A (es) 2010-11-22
KR20150092364A (ko) 2015-08-12
SI2238279T1 (en) 2018-06-29
US20110008537A1 (en) 2011-01-13
CA2711580C (fr) 2015-10-06
CN101952483A (zh) 2011-01-19

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