WO2009067875A1 - A multicasting method, system and device - Google Patents

A multicasting method, system and device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009067875A1
WO2009067875A1 PCT/CN2008/072785 CN2008072785W WO2009067875A1 WO 2009067875 A1 WO2009067875 A1 WO 2009067875A1 CN 2008072785 W CN2008072785 W CN 2008072785W WO 2009067875 A1 WO2009067875 A1 WO 2009067875A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
multicast
intelligent control
access device
control rule
access
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/072785
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Jun Li
Xiong DENG
Peifeng Qin
Wumao Chen
Haijun Wu
Jinhui Zhang
Bo Ke
Yong Luo
Yue Chang
Jun Zhang
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CNA2007101255544A external-priority patent/CN101242292A/en
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2009067875A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009067875A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/189—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast in combination with wireless systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/185—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with management of multicast group membership

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of data communications, and in particular, to a multicast method, system, and apparatus. Background technique
  • the multicast system is usually composed of a multicast service system 110, an IP metropolitan area network 120, an access network 130, and a home network 140. Part of the composition.
  • the multicast service system 110 implements video user management, CA/DRM, and video encoding functions, and then sends the video service stream to the IP metropolitan area network 120; the IP metropolitan area network 120 sends the video service stream to the access network through the IP multicast function.
  • the access network 130 implements a control function of joining or leaving the video group, and sends the video stream required by the user to the user terminal.
  • the video multicast stream is sent from the IP metropolitan area network 120 to an access device directly connected to the user such as a Layer 2 switch or a DSLAM device.
  • IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
  • the control packet sends the video stream to the required users.
  • One of the existing multicast processing mechanisms is to push all the multicast channels to the access device at the same time. Since the number of multicast channels is large, the bandwidth required for each channel is also wide, if a multicast The bandwidth of the channel is 4 ⁇ bps, and 1000 access channels support 1000 multicast channels. Therefore, for this access device, it is required to provide at least 4G bps of uplink bandwidth, which is highly demanding on the uplink network and is also wasteful. Regardless of whether the user with the access device has multicast channels on demand, it will occupy 4G bps of bandwidth.
  • Another existing multicast processing mechanism is to apply for the multicast stream to be sent to the upper layer network by the access device.
  • the process of joining the multicast is as follows:
  • the user terminal sends a request packet to join a multicast group A, and the access network receives the request for joining the multicast group A, and then determines whether the access network works in the IGMP Snooping mode. Send the request packet to the upper layer network If the access network works in IGMP Proxy mode, the access network continues to determine whether the user is the first multicast user to order the multicast channel. If yes, the access network will join the join of the multicast group. The request is sent to the upper layer network. If it is not the first user, the access network copies the already accessed video stream to the user.
  • the process of leaving the multicast is as follows:
  • the user terminal sends a >3 ⁇ 4 message leaving a multicast group A.
  • the access network determines whether there are other users on the access network that are also on demand.
  • the multicast group A if any, the access device does not send the leave request message to the upper layer device; if this is the last user of the multicast group A, the access device will be an upper layer device (for example, a multicast router) ) Issue the leave request message of multicast group A.
  • the upper device may frequently receive the leaving message or the join message of the channel, and the upper device can only delete and send the corresponding device.
  • the multicast program stream of the channel has a relatively large impact on the processing performance of the upper layer device.
  • the network has a relatively high requirement for the processing of the upper-layer device, and the multicast stream is often sent for a long time due to the application of the multicast stream between the access device and the upper-layer device. Broadcasting efficiency is relatively low. Summary of the invention
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a multicast method, system, and apparatus, which improve multicast efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a multicast method, including:
  • the access device sends a multicast request to the upper layer device according to the intelligent control rule
  • the upper layer device sends the multicast channel to the access device according to the multicast request, and maintains in the access device;
  • the access device When the user terminal sends a multicast join request to the access device, if the multicast channel is already maintained in the access device, the access device directly joins the user terminal to the multicast group.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a multicast method, including: The user terminal sends a request to the access device to leave the multicast channel; the access device determines, according to the intelligent control rule, whether the multicast channel needs to be maintained on the access device, and if the multicast channel needs to be maintained on the access device, The inbound device does not forward the multicast channel leaving request to the upper device. If the access device does not need to be maintained, the access device forwards the multicast channel leaving request to the upper device.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a multicast system, including:
  • the IP metropolitan area network transmits the video service provided by the multicast service system to the access network through the IP multicast function;
  • the access network is configured to send a video stream required by the user to the user terminal, where the access network has an intelligent control module, which can apply for or maintain a specific multicast channel according to the intelligent control rule, and implement the intelligence of joining or leaving the multicast. control.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a digital subscriber line access multiplexer, which is connected to the IP metropolitan area network through the uplink interface, and is connected to the home network through the downlink interface, and has an intelligent control module, which can maintain a specific according to the intelligent control rule.
  • Multicast channel which implements intelligent control of multicast join or leave.
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses the intelligent control rule to maintain a part of the multicast channel on the access device, which can avoid frequent interaction between the access device and the upper device, simplify the processing of the access network, improve processing efficiency, and shorten the multicast on-demand time. To make the user's experience better.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing multicast system architecture
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multicast system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a process for a user to apply for joining multicast according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process for a user to apply for leaving a multicast according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the multicast system of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a multicast service system 210, an IP metropolitan area network 220, an access network 230, and a home network 240.
  • the IP metropolitan area network 220 sends the video service provided by the multicast service system 210 to the access network 230 through the IP multicast function.
  • the access network 230 such as a DSLAM device, is connected to the IP metropolitan area network 220 through the uplink interface.
  • the connection is connected to the home network 240 through the downlink interface to send the video stream required by the user to the home network 240.
  • an intelligent control module 231 is added to the access network 230.
  • the intelligent control module 231 can support intelligent control rules generated according to the viewing statistics in a period of time, and can also support intelligent control rules generated according to specific time.
  • a schematic diagram of a process for a user to apply for joining a multicast includes the following steps:
  • Step 301 The access device sends a multicast request to the upper layer device according to the intelligent control rule.
  • Step 302 The upper device sends the multicast channel to the access device and maintains in the access device.
  • an automatic upper layer device for example, a multicast router
  • a multicast router automatically sends a multicast request
  • the multicast channel complying with the intelligent control rule is applied to the DSLAM device in advance. And keep it.
  • Step 303 The user terminal sends a multicast group A join request to the access device.
  • Step 305 The access device directly adds the user terminal to the multicast group A.
  • Step 306 The access device sends a multicast group A join request to the upper layer network. If a user sends a request message to the DSLAM device to join the multicast, the DSLAM device determines whether it maintains the multicast channel corresponding to the multicast group. If the multicast channel corresponding to the multicast group A is maintained, the user does not need to Apply to the multicast router to directly copy the multicast channel to the user port, and the user terminal can join the multicast group.
  • a schematic diagram of a process for a user to apply for leaving a multicast includes the following steps:
  • Step 401 The user terminal sends a multicast group to the access network to leave the message.
  • Step 402 The access network determines whether it works in the IGMP Proxy mode. If the access network works in the IGMP Proxy mode, step 403 is performed. If the access network does not work in the IGMP Proxy mode, step 405 is performed.
  • Step 403 The access network determines whether the user terminal is the last user of the multicast group. If the user terminal is the last user of the multicast group, step 405 is performed; if the user terminal is not the last user of the multicast group. Then, step 404 is performed.
  • Step 404 The user side processes the multicast group to leave the message, and the uplink network side discards the group group leaving message.
  • Step 405 The access network sends the multicast group leaving message to the intelligent control module for control.
  • Step 406 The access network determines whether the multicast group leaving the message meets the control rule of the multicast group. If the multicast group leaving message satisfies the intelligent control rule of the multicast group, step 407 is performed; If the multicast group leaving packet does not meet the control rule of the multicast group, go to step 408.
  • Step 407 The user side processes the multicast group leaving the message, and the uplink network side processes the multicast group leaving message according to the intelligent control rule (for example, discarding).
  • the intelligent control rule for example, discarding
  • Step 408 The access network sends the multicast group leaving message to the upper layer device.
  • DSLAM The multicast channel can be continuously maintained, and the leaving message of the multicast group is not sent to the multicast router. If other users want to order the multicast channel later, the DSLAM can directly copy to the user port without Then re-apply the multicast stream to the multicast router.
  • the DSLAM directly requests the multicast channel and maintains it. If the user sends a multicast leave message, the user does not report the message to the multicast router.
  • the DSLAM will automatically send an application to the multicast router to apply for the multicast stream of the multicast channel to the DSLAM. And in response to the query of the multicast router, the multicast channel is maintained. At this time, if there is a user on demand, the DSLAM can directly copy the multicast stream to the user port.
  • the multicast outgoing message sent by the user will not be reported to the multicast router, and the DSLAM still responds normally to the query of the multicast router.
  • the DSLAM After 12: 00 on Sunday night, if no user is watching the channel, the DSLAM will automatically send the leaving message of the multicast channel to the multicast router according to the intelligent control rule, and the multicast router will not deliver the multicast stream. If there are still users watching this channel, the user's leaving message will be processed according to the normal IGMP Snooping and IGMP Proxy processing principles.
  • the method of on-demand buffering can also be used:
  • the implementation of the on-demand buffer is based on the regularity of program-on-demand, which is due to region, time, living habits and culture. Differences and the like are presented. For example, in a football-loving country, there will be more viewers watching sports channels during football matches. For example, viewers who watch information programs in cities with strong information needs will usually have more viewers than in rural areas; The demand for the program is more than other time periods. This is the different regions, different living habits and cultural habits, so that the program on demand shows certain regularity in different time periods.
  • the multicast intelligent control module can add an on-demand cache to record the most recently ordered programs.
  • the on-demand cache can use a circular linked list that records several (eg, 20 to 50) programs of the latest on-demand. When this number is exceeded, the old program is automatically overwritten by the new on-demand record.
  • the program recorded to the on-demand storage needs to be filtered, because the multicast user converts the channel when watching the program, and the intermediate program when the channel is quickly switched should not be recorded in the on-demand buffer, but is recorded by the program that needs to be watched for a certain period of time. To the on-demand cache.
  • the probability that the program recorded in the on-demand cache is subsequently clicked is relatively large.
  • the multicast intelligent control module does not immediately send the leaving message to the upper layer device, but can wait for a period of time before sending the message to the upper layer device. Leaving the message, if there is another user on-demand the program during the waiting period, the program data can be quickly forwarded to the user.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a digital subscriber line access multiplexer, which is connected to an IP metropolitan area network through an uplink interface, and is connected to a home network through a downlink interface, and the digital subscriber line access multiplexer has an intelligent control.
  • the intelligent control module can maintain a specific multicast channel according to intelligent control rules, and implement intelligent control of multicast joining or leaving.
  • the intelligent control rule may be a smart control rule generated according to the viewing statistics in a period of time, or may be an intelligent control rule generated according to a specific time.
  • the above intelligent control module also has an on-demand buffer unit for recording recently ordered programs.
  • the access device automatically sends a request for joining a specific multicast channel, and introduces certain specific multicast channels to the DSLAM within a certain period of time.
  • the device can be maintained to avoid frequent interactions between the access device and the upper-layer device, simplify the processing of the access network, improve processing efficiency, shorten the multicast on-demand time, and make the user experience better.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A multicasting method, system and device. The method includes: an access device sending multicasting request to t a upper layer device according to an intelligent control rule; the upper layer device sending the request to the access device according to the multicasting request, and holding it; when the user terminal sending a multicasting access request to the access device, the access device making the user terminal join a multicasting group if the access device has held the multicasting channel.

Description

一种组播方法、 ***及装置  Multicast method, system and device
技术领域 Technical field
本发明实施例涉及数据通信领域， 尤其涉及一种组播方法、 *** 及装置。 背景技术  The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of data communications, and in particular, to a multicast method, system, and apparatus. Background technique
目前， 网络上的视频大部分使用的是单点对多点组播技术， 参见 图 1 , 组播***通常由组播业务*** 110、 IP城域网 120、 接入网络 130和家庭网络 140四部分组成。 组播业务*** 110实现视频用户管 理、 CA/DRM、 视频编码功能， 然后将视频业务流发送到 IP城域网 120; IP城域网 120通过 IP组播功能将视频业务流送到接入网络 130; 接入网络 130实现视频组加入或离开的控制功能，并将用户需要的视 频流发送给用户终端。 当接入网络 130包含二层交换机（如 ATM交 换机或者以太网交换机 )和 DSLAM设备时， 视频组播流从 IP城域 网 120发送到二层交换机或者 DSLAM设备等直接接入用户的接入设 备， 根据用户的 Internet 组管理协议 ( Internet Group Management Protocol, 以下简称： IGMP ) ,控制报文将视频流发送至需要的用户。  At present, most of the video on the network uses a single-point to multi-point multicast technology. Referring to FIG. 1, the multicast system is usually composed of a multicast service system 110, an IP metropolitan area network 120, an access network 130, and a home network 140. Part of the composition. The multicast service system 110 implements video user management, CA/DRM, and video encoding functions, and then sends the video service stream to the IP metropolitan area network 120; the IP metropolitan area network 120 sends the video service stream to the access network through the IP multicast function. The access network 130 implements a control function of joining or leaving the video group, and sends the video stream required by the user to the user terminal. When the access network 130 includes a Layer 2 switch (such as an ATM switch or an Ethernet switch) and a DSLAM device, the video multicast stream is sent from the IP metropolitan area network 120 to an access device directly connected to the user such as a Layer 2 switch or a DSLAM device. According to the user's Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), the control packet sends the video stream to the required users.
现有的组播处理机制之一是釆用将所有的组播频道同时全部推 到接入设备的做法， 由于组播频道的数量很多， 每个频道要求的带宽 也比较宽， 如果一个组播频道的带宽为 4Μ bps, 一台接入设备上支 持 1000个组播频道，那么对于这台接入设备，就要求提供至少 4G bps 的上行带宽， 对上行网络要求很高， 而且也很浪费， 无论该接入设备 所带的用户是否点播了组播频道， 都会占用 4G bps的带宽。  One of the existing multicast processing mechanisms is to push all the multicast channels to the access device at the same time. Since the number of multicast channels is large, the bandwidth required for each channel is also wide, if a multicast The bandwidth of the channel is 4 Μ bps, and 1000 access channels support 1000 multicast channels. Therefore, for this access device, it is required to provide at least 4G bps of uplink bandwidth, which is highly demanding on the uplink network and is also wasteful. Regardless of whether the user with the access device has multicast channels on demand, it will occupy 4G bps of bandwidth.
现有的另外一种组播处理机制是釆用接入设备向上层网络申请 组播流的下发的方式， 加入组播的流程如下：  Another existing multicast processing mechanism is to apply for the multicast stream to be sent to the upper layer network by the access device. The process of joining the multicast is as follows:
首先， 用户终端发出申请加入某个组播组 A的请求报文， 接入 网络接收到这个加入组播组 A 的请求 4艮文后进行判断， 如果接入网 络工作在 IGMP Snooping模式， 那么直接将请求报文发送给上层网 络； 如果接入网络工作在 IGMP Proxy模式 , 那么接入网络继续判断 该用户是否是点播这个组播频道的第一个组播用户， 如果是， 则接入 网络将加入这个组播组的加入请求发送给上层网络，如果不是第一个 用户， 那么接入网络将已经接入的视频流复制给该用户。 First, the user terminal sends a request packet to join a multicast group A, and the access network receives the request for joining the multicast group A, and then determines whether the access network works in the IGMP Snooping mode. Send the request packet to the upper layer network If the access network works in IGMP Proxy mode, the access network continues to determine whether the user is the first multicast user to order the multicast channel. If yes, the access network will join the join of the multicast group. The request is sent to the upper layer network. If it is not the first user, the access network copies the already accessed video stream to the user.
离开组播的流程如下： 用户终端发出离开某个组播组 A的>¾文， 接入网络接收到这个离开请求报文后，判断在该接入网络中是否还有 其他的用户也在点播这个组播组 A, 如果有， 则接入设备不向上层设 备发送这个离开请求报文； 如果这是该组播组 A 的最后一个用户， 那么接入设备将向上层设备（例如组播路由器）发出组播组 A 的离 开请求报文。  The process of leaving the multicast is as follows: The user terminal sends a >3⁄4 message leaving a multicast group A. After receiving the leave request message, the access network determines whether there are other users on the access network that are also on demand. The multicast group A, if any, the access device does not send the leave request message to the upper layer device; if this is the last user of the multicast group A, the access device will be an upper layer device (for example, a multicast router) ) Issue the leave request message of multicast group A.
在实现本发明的过程中， 发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下问 题：  In carrying out the process of the present invention, the inventors have found that the prior art has at least the following problems:
釆用前述的这种方式， 对于一些加入 /离开活动比较频繁的组播 频道， 可能在上层设备会频繁地收到频道的离开报文或加入报文， 上 层设备只能相应地删除和下发该频道的组播节目流，对上层设备的处 理性能影响比较大。 为了保证组播的质量， 网络对上层设备的处理能 力有比较高的要求，而且由于涉及到接入设备和上层设备之间的组播 流申请， 所以组播流下发的时间往往较长， 组播效率比较低。 发明内容  In the foregoing manner, for some multicast channels with frequent join/leave activities, the upper device may frequently receive the leaving message or the join message of the channel, and the upper device can only delete and send the corresponding device. The multicast program stream of the channel has a relatively large impact on the processing performance of the upper layer device. In order to ensure the quality of the multicast, the network has a relatively high requirement for the processing of the upper-layer device, and the multicast stream is often sent for a long time due to the application of the multicast stream between the access device and the upper-layer device. Broadcasting efficiency is relatively low. Summary of the invention
本发明实施例提供一种组播方法、***及装置，提高了组播效率。 本发明实施例提出一种组播方法， 包括：  Embodiments of the present invention provide a multicast method, system, and apparatus, which improve multicast efficiency. The embodiment of the invention provides a multicast method, including:
接入设备根据智能控制规则向上层设备发出组播请求；  The access device sends a multicast request to the upper layer device according to the intelligent control rule;
上层设备根据所述组播请求将组播频道发送到接入设备，并在接 入设备中进行保持；  The upper layer device sends the multicast channel to the access device according to the multicast request, and maintains in the access device;
当用户终端向接入设备发出组播加入请求时，若该组播频道已经 在接入设备中保持， 则接入设备直接将该用户终端加入组播组。  When the user terminal sends a multicast join request to the access device, if the multicast channel is already maintained in the access device, the access device directly joins the user terminal to the multicast group.
本发明实施例还提出一种组播方法， 包括： 用户终端向接入设备发出离开组播频道的请求； 接入设备根据智能控制规则判断所述组播频道是否需要在接入 设备保持,若所述组播频道需要在接入设备保持， 则接入设备不向上 层设备转发组播频道离开请求， 若不需要在接入设备保持， 则接入设 备向上层设备转发组播频道离开请求。 The embodiment of the invention further provides a multicast method, including: The user terminal sends a request to the access device to leave the multicast channel; the access device determines, according to the intelligent control rule, whether the multicast channel needs to be maintained on the access device, and if the multicast channel needs to be maintained on the access device, The inbound device does not forward the multicast channel leaving request to the upper device. If the access device does not need to be maintained, the access device forwards the multicast channel leaving request to the upper device.
本发明实施例还提出一种组播***， 包括：  The embodiment of the invention further provides a multicast system, including:
组播业务***；  Multicast service system;
IP城域网， 通过 IP组播功能将所述组播业务***所提供的视频 业务流送到接入网络；  The IP metropolitan area network transmits the video service provided by the multicast service system to the access network through the IP multicast function;
接入网络， 用于将用户需要的视频流发送给用户终端， 所述接入 网络具有一智能控制模块，可以根据智能控制规则申请或保持特定的 组播频道， 实现组播加入或离开的智能控制。  The access network is configured to send a video stream required by the user to the user terminal, where the access network has an intelligent control module, which can apply for or maintain a specific multicast channel according to the intelligent control rule, and implement the intelligence of joining or leaving the multicast. control.
本发明实施例还提出一种数字用户线接入复用器，通过上行接口 与 IP城域网相联， 通过下行接口与家庭网络相联， 具有一智能控制 模块， 可以根据智能控制规则保持特定的组播频道， 实现组播加入或 离开的智能控制。  The embodiment of the present invention further provides a digital subscriber line access multiplexer, which is connected to the IP metropolitan area network through the uplink interface, and is connected to the home network through the downlink interface, and has an intelligent control module, which can maintain a specific according to the intelligent control rule. Multicast channel, which implements intelligent control of multicast join or leave.
本发明实施例利用智能控制规则在接入设备上保持部分组播频 道， 可以避免接入设备和上层设备之间的频繁交互， 简化接入网络的 处理， 提升处理效率， 缩短组播点播的时间， 使用户的体验更好。 附图说明  The embodiment of the present invention uses the intelligent control rule to maintain a part of the multicast channel on the access device, which can avoid frequent interaction between the access device and the upper device, simplify the processing of the access network, improve processing efficiency, and shorten the multicast on-demand time. To make the user's experience better. DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面 将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而 易见地， 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域 普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下， 还可以根据这 些附图获得其他的附图。  In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any inventive labor.
图 1为现有的组播***架构示意图；  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing multicast system architecture;
图 2为本发明实施例的组播***架构示意图；  2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multicast system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图 3为本发明实施例的用户申请加入组播的流程示意图； 图 4为本发明实施例的用户申请离开组播的流程示意图。 具体实施方式 3 is a schematic flowchart of a process for a user to apply for joining multicast according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process for a user to apply for leaving a multicast according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方 案进行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实 施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技 术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例 ,都属 于本发明保护的范围。  The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.
如图 2 所示， 本发明实施例的组播***， 包括： 组播业务*** 210、 IP城域网 220、 接入网络 230以及家庭网络 240。  As shown in FIG. 2, the multicast system of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a multicast service system 210, an IP metropolitan area network 220, an access network 230, and a home network 240.
其中， IP城域网 220通过 IP组播功能将组播业务*** 210所提 供的视频业务流送到接入网络 230; 接入网络 230, 如 DSLAM设备， 通过上行接口与 IP城域网 220相联， 通过下行接口与家庭网络 240 相联， 用以将用户所需要的视频流发送至家庭网络 240。  The IP metropolitan area network 220 sends the video service provided by the multicast service system 210 to the access network 230 through the IP multicast function. The access network 230, such as a DSLAM device, is connected to the IP metropolitan area network 220 through the uplink interface. The connection is connected to the home network 240 through the downlink interface to send the video stream required by the user to the home network 240.
本发明实施例在接入网络 230中增加一个智能控制模块 231 , 该 智能控制模块 231 可以支持根据一段时间内的收视统计生成的智能 控制规则， 也可以支持按照具体时间生成的智能控制规则。  In the embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent control module 231 is added to the access network 230. The intelligent control module 231 can support intelligent control rules generated according to the viewing statistics in a period of time, and can also support intelligent control rules generated according to specific time.
如图 3 所示， 为本发明实施例的用户申请加入组播的流程示意 图， 包括以下步骤：  As shown in FIG. 3, a schematic diagram of a process for a user to apply for joining a multicast according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
步骤 301，接入设备根据智能控制规则向上层设备发出组播请求。 步骤 302, 上层设备将组播频道发送到接入设备， 并在接入设备 中保持。  Step 301: The access device sends a multicast request to the upper layer device according to the intelligent control rule. Step 302: The upper device sends the multicast channel to the access device and maintains in the access device.
DSLAM设备启动之后， 根据智能控制模块中的组播频道的智能 控制规则， 自动向上层设备 (例如组播路由器）发出组播请求， 预先 将符合智能控制规则的组播频道申请到 DSLAM设备中， 并进行保 持。  After the DSLAM device is started, according to the intelligent control rule of the multicast channel in the intelligent control module, an automatic upper layer device (for example, a multicast router) automatically sends a multicast request, and the multicast channel complying with the intelligent control rule is applied to the DSLAM device in advance. And keep it.
步骤 303 , 用户终端向接入设备发出组播组 A加入请求才艮文。 步骤 304,接入设备判断自身是否保持有组播组 A对应的组播频 道，如果接入设备保持有组播组 A对应的组播频道，则执行步骤 305; 如果接入设备没有保持组播组 A的组播频道， 则执行步骤 306。 Step 303: The user terminal sends a multicast group A join request to the access device. Step 304: The access device determines whether it maintains the multicast frequency corresponding to the multicast group A. If the access device maintains the multicast channel corresponding to multicast group A, step 305 is performed. If the access device does not maintain the multicast channel of multicast group A, step 306 is performed.
步骤 305, 接入设备直接将该用户终端加入组播组 A。  Step 305: The access device directly adds the user terminal to the multicast group A.
步骤 306 , 接入设备向上层网络发出组播组 A的加入请求才艮文。 如果有用户向 DSLAM设备发出加入该组播的请求报文， 则 DSLAM设备判断自身是否保持有该组播组对应的组播频道， 如果保 持有组播组 A对应的组播频道， 则不需要再向组播路由器申请， 直 接将该组播频道向该用户端口复制， 该用户终端即可加入组播组。  Step 306: The access device sends a multicast group A join request to the upper layer network. If a user sends a request message to the DSLAM device to join the multicast, the DSLAM device determines whether it maintains the multicast channel corresponding to the multicast group. If the multicast channel corresponding to the multicast group A is maintained, the user does not need to Apply to the multicast router to directly copy the multicast channel to the user port, and the user terminal can join the multicast group.
如图 4 所示， 为本发明实施例的用户申请离开组播的流程示意 图， 包括以下步骤：  As shown in FIG. 4, a schematic diagram of a process for a user to apply for leaving a multicast according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
步骤 401 , 用户终端向接入网络发出组播组离开才艮文。  Step 401: The user terminal sends a multicast group to the access network to leave the message.
步骤 402 , 接入网络判断自身是否工作在 IGMP Proxy模式下， 如果接入网络工作在 IGMP Proxy模式下， 则执行步骤 403； 如果接 入网络没有工作在 IGMP Proxy模式下， 则执行步骤 405。  Step 402: The access network determines whether it works in the IGMP Proxy mode. If the access network works in the IGMP Proxy mode, step 403 is performed. If the access network does not work in the IGMP Proxy mode, step 405 is performed.
步骤 403 , 接入网络判断该用户终端是否为该组播组最后一个用 户， 如果该用户终端是该组播组最后一个用户， 则执行步骤 405; 如 果该用户终端不是该组播组最后一个用户， 则执行步骤 404。  Step 403: The access network determines whether the user terminal is the last user of the multicast group. If the user terminal is the last user of the multicast group, step 405 is performed; if the user terminal is not the last user of the multicast group. Then, step 404 is performed.
步骤 404, 用户侧处理该组播组离开 4艮文， 上行网络侧丟弃该组 播组离开报文。  Step 404: The user side processes the multicast group to leave the message, and the uplink network side discards the group group leaving message.
步骤 405, 接入网络将该组播组离开报文发往智能控制模块进行 控制。  Step 405: The access network sends the multicast group leaving message to the intelligent control module for control.
步骤 406 , 接入网络判断该组播组离开 ^艮文是否满足该组播组的 控制规则， 如果该组播组离开报文满足该组播组的智能控制规则， 则 执行步骤 407; 如果该组播组离开报文不满足该组播组的控制规则， 则执行步骤 408。  Step 406: The access network determines whether the multicast group leaving the message meets the control rule of the multicast group. If the multicast group leaving message satisfies the intelligent control rule of the multicast group, step 407 is performed; If the multicast group leaving packet does not meet the control rule of the multicast group, go to step 408.
步骤 407, 用户侧处理该组播组离开 ^艮文， 上行网络侧根据智能 控制规则处理组播组离开报文（例如丟弃）。  Step 407: The user side processes the multicast group leaving the message, and the uplink network side processes the multicast group leaving message according to the intelligent control rule (for example, discarding).
步骤 408, 接入网络将该组播组离开报文发给上层设备。  Step 408: The access network sends the multicast group leaving message to the upper layer device.
如果用户终端申请退出该组播频道，根据智能控制规则， DSLAM 可以继续保持这个组播频道，不向组播路由器发送该组播组的离开报 文， 若后面还有其他的用户想点播这个组播频道， 则 DSLAM可以直 接向该用户端口复制， 而不需要再向组播路由器重新申请组播流。 If the user terminal requests to quit the multicast channel, according to the intelligent control rule, DSLAM The multicast channel can be continuously maintained, and the leaving message of the multicast group is not sent to the multicast router. If other users want to order the multicast channel later, the DSLAM can directly copy to the user port without Then re-apply the multicast stream to the multicast router.
例如， 对于某个热门的体育频道， 在周五下午 4: 00到周日晚上 12: 00 这段时间内一直有精彩的比赛， 用户在这段时间内对这个频 道的切换次数很多，需要对这个组播频道进行保持，在上述时间段内， DSLAM直接申请该组播频道并进行保持， 如果用户端发上来组播离 开报文也不向组播路由器上报。  For example, for a popular sports channel, there is a wonderful game between 4: 00 on Friday and 12: 00 on Sunday. The user has a lot of switching times on this channel during this time. The multicast channel is maintained. During the above period, the DSLAM directly requests the multicast channel and maintains it. If the user sends a multicast leave message, the user does not report the message to the multicast router.
DSLAM设备根据这个控制规则， 如果这个频道在周五下午 4: 00时仍然没有被用户点播， 那么 DSLAM会自动向组播路由器发出 申请， 申请将这个组播频道的组播流下发到 DSLAM上， 并且响应组 播路由器的查询， 对这个组播频道进行保持， 此时如果有用户点播， 则 DSLAM可以直接将组播流复制到用户端口。 另一方面， 在上述时 间段内， 该组播频道的最后一个用户离开的时候， 用户发出的组播离 开报文也不会向组播路由器上报， DSLAM仍正常响应组播路由器的 查询。  According to this control rule, if the channel is still not clicked by the user at 4: 00 on Friday, the DSLAM will automatically send an application to the multicast router to apply for the multicast stream of the multicast channel to the DSLAM. And in response to the query of the multicast router, the multicast channel is maintained. At this time, if there is a user on demand, the DSLAM can directly copy the multicast stream to the user port. On the other hand, during the above-mentioned time period, when the last user of the multicast channel leaves, the multicast outgoing message sent by the user will not be reported to the multicast router, and the DSLAM still responds normally to the query of the multicast router.
在周日晚上 12: 00以后，如果没有用户在观看这个频道， DSLAM 会根据智能控制规则自动向组播路由器发送该组播频道的离开报文， 组播路由器不再下发这个组播流； 如果还有用户在观看这个频道， 那 么该用户的离开报文将会根据正常的 IGMP Snooping和 IGMP Proxy 的处理原则处理。  After 12: 00 on Sunday night, if no user is watching the channel, the DSLAM will automatically send the leaving message of the multicast channel to the multicast router according to the intelligent control rule, and the multicast router will not deliver the multicast stream. If there are still users watching this channel, the user's leaving message will be processed according to the normal IGMP Snooping and IGMP Proxy processing principles.
除上述按时间段来实现组播智能控制的方法外，还可以釆用点播 緩存的方法： 点播緩存的实现基于节目点播的规律性， 这种规律性是 由于地区、 时间、 生活习惯和文化的差异等呈现出来的。 例如， 一个 爱好足球的国家， 在进行足球比赛时， 收看体育频道的观众会增多； 又如，在资讯需求旺盛的都市收看资讯节目的观众通常会比农村地区 多； 在中小学生放学后收看儿童节目的需求比其它时段多。 这就是不 同的地区、 不同的生活习惯和文化习惯， 使节目点播在不同时段呈现 出一定的规律性。 一般来说， 就近被访问过的节目还会被继续访问的可能性很高， 而很久没有被访问过的节目再被访问的可能性较低。组播智能控制模 块可以增加一个点播緩存， 用来记录最近被点播的节目。 点播緩存可 以釆用一个环形链表， 环形链表记录最新点播的若干个（如 20到 50 个）节目， 超过这个数目时， 旧的节目自动被新的点播记录覆盖。 当 然记录到点播存储的节目需要进行过滤，因为组播用户观看节目时会 转换频道， 快速转换频道时的中间节目不应该记录在点播緩存中， 而 是被需要观看上一定时间段的节目才记录到点播緩存中。记录在点播 緩存中的节目后续被点播的概率比较大，组播智能控制模块收到这个 节目的离开报文时不立即向上层设备发送离开报文，而可以等待一段 时间后再向上层设备发送离开报文，在等待期间如果又有用户点播该 节目则可以快速将节目数据向用户转发。 In addition to the above methods for implementing multicast intelligent control by time period, the method of on-demand buffering can also be used: The implementation of the on-demand buffer is based on the regularity of program-on-demand, which is due to region, time, living habits and culture. Differences and the like are presented. For example, in a football-loving country, there will be more viewers watching sports channels during football matches. For example, viewers who watch information programs in cities with strong information needs will usually have more viewers than in rural areas; The demand for the program is more than other time periods. This is the different regions, different living habits and cultural habits, so that the program on demand shows certain regularity in different time periods. In general, programs that have been visited recently are more likely to be accessed, and programs that have not been visited for a long time are less likely to be visited. The multicast intelligent control module can add an on-demand cache to record the most recently ordered programs. The on-demand cache can use a circular linked list that records several (eg, 20 to 50) programs of the latest on-demand. When this number is exceeded, the old program is automatically overwritten by the new on-demand record. Of course, the program recorded to the on-demand storage needs to be filtered, because the multicast user converts the channel when watching the program, and the intermediate program when the channel is quickly switched should not be recorded in the on-demand buffer, but is recorded by the program that needs to be watched for a certain period of time. To the on-demand cache. The probability that the program recorded in the on-demand cache is subsequently clicked is relatively large. When the multicast intelligent control module receives the leaving message of the program, the multicast intelligent control module does not immediately send the leaving message to the upper layer device, but can wait for a period of time before sending the message to the upper layer device. Leaving the message, if there is another user on-demand the program during the waiting period, the program data can be quickly forwarded to the user.
本发明实施例还提供了一种数字用户线接入复用器，通过上行接 口与 IP城域网相联， 通过下行接口与家庭网络相联， 该数字用户线 接入复用器具有一智能控制模块，该智能控制模块可以根据智能控制 规则保持特定的组播频道， 实现组播加入或离开的智能控制。  The embodiment of the present invention further provides a digital subscriber line access multiplexer, which is connected to an IP metropolitan area network through an uplink interface, and is connected to a home network through a downlink interface, and the digital subscriber line access multiplexer has an intelligent control. Module, the intelligent control module can maintain a specific multicast channel according to intelligent control rules, and implement intelligent control of multicast joining or leaving.
上述智能控制规则可以是根据一段时间内的收视统计生成的智 能控制规则， 也可以是按照具体时间生成的智能控制规则。  The intelligent control rule may be a smart control rule generated according to the viewing statistics in a period of time, or may be an intelligent control rule generated according to a specific time.
上述智能控制模块还有一个点播緩存单元，用来记录最近被点播 的节目。  The above intelligent control module also has an on-demand buffer unit for recording recently ordered programs.
本发明实施例通过在接入网络中增加智能控制模块，依据智能控 制规则， 接入设备会自动发出特定组播频道的加入请求， 在某段时间 内将某些特定的组播频道引入到 DSLAM设备并保持，可以避免接入 设备和上层设备之间的频繁交互， 简化接入网络的处理， 提升处理效 率， 缩短组播点播的时间， 使用户体验更好。  In the embodiment of the present invention, by adding an intelligent control module to the access network, according to the intelligent control rule, the access device automatically sends a request for joining a specific multicast channel, and introduces certain specific multicast channels to the DSLAM within a certain period of time. The device can be maintained to avoid frequent interactions between the access device and the upper-layer device, simplify the processing of the access network, improve processing efficiency, shorten the multicast on-demand time, and make the user experience better.
以上是对本发明具体实施例的说明 ,在具体的实施过程中可对本 发明的方法进行适当的改进， 以适应具体情况的具体需要。 因此可以 理解， 根据本发明的具体实施方式只是起示范作用， 并不用以限制本 发明的保护范围。  The above is a description of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the method of the present invention can be appropriately modified in a specific implementation process to suit the specific needs of a specific situation. Therefore, it is to be understood that the specific embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Claims

权利要求 Rights request
1、 一种组播方法， 其特征在于， 包括： A multicast method, comprising:
接入设备根据智能控制规则向上层设备发出组播请求； 上层设备根据所述组播请求将组播频道发送到所述的接入设备， 并在接入设备中进行保持；  The access device sends a multicast request to the upper device according to the intelligent control rule; the upper device sends the multicast channel to the access device according to the multicast request, and maintains in the access device;
当用户终端向接入设备发出组播加入请求时，若该组播频道已经 在接入设备中保持， 则接入设备直接将该用户终端加入组播组。  When the user terminal sends a multicast join request to the access device, if the multicast channel is already maintained in the access device, the access device directly joins the user terminal to the multicast group.
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的组播方法， 其特征在于， 所述智能控 制规则是预先设置的智能控制规则。  2. The multicast method according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent control rule is a preset intelligent control rule.
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的组播方法， 其特征在于， 所述智能控 制规则可以是根据用户在一段时间内的收视统计生成的智能控制规 则， 也可以是按照时间控制的智能控制规则。  The multicast method according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent control rule may be an intelligent control rule generated according to a viewing statistics of a user within a period of time, or may be an intelligent control rule controlled according to time.
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的组播方法， 其特征在于， 所述接入设 备是宽带接入设备或窄带接入设备。  The multicast method according to claim 1, wherein the access device is a broadband access device or a narrowband access device.
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的组播方法， 其特征在于， 所述上层设 备是组播路由器。  The multicast method according to claim 1, wherein the upper layer device is a multicast router.
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的组播方法， 其特征在于， 所述接入设 备是数字用户线路接入复用器或交换机。  The multicast method according to claim 4, wherein the access device is a digital subscriber line access multiplexer or switch.
7、 根据权利要求 5所述的组播方法， 其特征在于， 所述直接将 该用户终端加入组播组的方法为：将该组播频道直接向该用户终端端 口复制。  The multicast method according to claim 5, wherein the method for directly adding the user terminal to the multicast group is: directly copying the multicast channel to the user terminal port.
8、 一种组播方法， 其特征在于， 包括：  8. A multicast method, comprising:
用户终端向接入设备发出离开组播频道的请求；  The user terminal sends a request to the access device to leave the multicast channel;
接入设备根据智能控制规则判断所述组播频道是否需要在接入 设备保持,若所述组播频道需要在接入设备保持， 则接入设备不向上 层设备转发组播频道离开请求， 若不需要在接入设备保持， 则接入设 备向上层设备转发组播频道离开请求。  The access device determines, according to the intelligent control rule, whether the multicast channel needs to be maintained on the access device. If the multicast channel needs to be maintained on the access device, the access device does not forward the multicast channel leaving request to the upper device. The access device does not need to be kept on the access device, and the access device forwards the multicast channel leaving request to the upper device.
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的组播方法， 其特征在于， 所述智能控 制规则可以是根据一段时间内的收视统计生成的智能控制规则，也可 以是按照具体时间生成的智能控制规则。 9. The multicast method according to claim 8, wherein the intelligent control The rule may be an intelligent control rule generated according to the viewing statistics in a period of time, or may be an intelligent control rule generated according to a specific time.
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的组播方法， 其特征在于， 所述智能控 制规则为釆用一个环形链表， 环形链表记录最新点播的若干个节目， 超过这个数目时， 旧的节目自动被新的点播记录覆盖。  10. The multicast method according to claim 8, wherein the intelligent control rule uses a circular linked list, and the circular linked list records a plurality of programs that are on-demand, and when the number is exceeded, the old program is automatically updated. On-demand record coverage.
11、 根据权利要求 8所述的组播方法， 其特征在于， 所述接入设 备是宽带接入设备或窄带接入设备， 所述上层设备是组播路由器。  The multicast method according to claim 8, wherein the access device is a broadband access device or a narrowband access device, and the upper device is a multicast router.
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的组播方法， 其特征在于， 所述接入 设备是数字用户线路接入复用器或交换机。  The multicast method according to claim 11, wherein the access device is a digital subscriber line access multiplexer or switch.
13、 一种组播***， 其特征在于， 包括：  13. A multicast system, comprising:
组播业务***；  Multicast service system;
IP城域网， 通过 IP组播功能将所述组播业务***所提供的视频 业务流送到接入网络；  The IP metropolitan area network transmits the video service provided by the multicast service system to the access network through the IP multicast function;
接入网络， 用于将用户需要的视频流发送给用户终端， 所述接入 网络具有一智能控制模块，可以根据智能控制规则申请或保持特定的 组播频道， 实现组播加入或离开的智能控制。  The access network is configured to send a video stream required by the user to the user terminal, where the access network has an intelligent control module, which can apply for or maintain a specific multicast channel according to the intelligent control rule, and implement the intelligence of joining or leaving the multicast. control.
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的组播***， 其特征在于， 所述智能 控制规则可以是根据一段时间内的收视统计生成的智能控制规则，也 可以是按照具体时间生成的智能控制规则。  The multicast system according to claim 13, wherein the intelligent control rule may be an intelligent control rule generated according to the viewing statistics in a period of time, or may be an intelligent control rule generated according to a specific time.
15、 一种数字用户线接入复用器， 通过上行接口与 IP城域网相 联， 通过下行接口与家庭网络相联， 其特征在于， 具有一智能控制模 块， 可以根据智能控制规则保持特定的组播频道， 实现组播加入或离 开的智能控制。  15. A digital subscriber line access multiplexer, connected to an IP metropolitan area network through an uplink interface, and connected to a home network through a downlink interface, characterized in that: an intelligent control module can maintain a specific according to an intelligent control rule Multicast channel, which implements intelligent control of multicast join or leave.
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的数字用户线接入复用器， 其特征在 于，所述智能控制规则可以是根据一段时间内的收视统计生成的智能 控制规则， 也可以是按照具体时间生成的智能控制规则。  The digital subscriber line access multiplexer according to claim 15, wherein the intelligent control rule may be an intelligent control rule generated according to a viewing statistic in a period of time, or may be generated according to a specific time. Intelligent control rules.
17、 根据权利要求 15所述的数字用户线接入复用器， 其特征在 于， 所述智能控制模块还有一个点播緩存单元， 用来记录最近被点播 的节目。  The digital subscriber line access multiplexer according to claim 15, wherein the intelligent control module further has an on-demand buffer unit for recording the most recently ordered program.
PCT/CN2008/072785 2007-11-01 2008-10-22 A multicasting method, system and device WO2009067875A1 (en)

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