WO2009052839A1 - Hybrid drive with a decompression device - Google Patents

Hybrid drive with a decompression device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009052839A1
WO2009052839A1 PCT/EP2007/009013 EP2007009013W WO2009052839A1 WO 2009052839 A1 WO2009052839 A1 WO 2009052839A1 EP 2007009013 W EP2007009013 W EP 2007009013W WO 2009052839 A1 WO2009052839 A1 WO 2009052839A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
internal combustion
combustion engine
ignition speed
activated
vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/009013
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stefan Pischinger
Original Assignee
Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh
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Publication date
Application filed by Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh filed Critical Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh
Priority to PCT/EP2007/009013 priority Critical patent/WO2009052839A1/en
Publication of WO2009052839A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009052839A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/20—Control strategies involving selection of hybrid configuration, e.g. selection between series or parallel configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/15—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
    • B60W20/19—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect for achieving enhanced acceleration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/004—Aiding engine start by using decompression means or variable valve actuation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2710/0616—Position of fuel or air injector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
    • F02P5/15—Digital data processing
    • F02P5/1502—Digital data processing using one central computing unit
    • F02P5/1506—Digital data processing using one central computing unit with particular means during starting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid drive system of a vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine, which are selectively used individually or together for driving, and a hybrid drive system of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine, which are coupled via a differential gear and optionally be used individually or together to drive the vehicle.
  • the area of the invention outlined here relates to hybrid drives in which the vehicle is also to be operated by an electric motor, wherein a purely internal combustion engine drive is selected at higher loads and / or higher driving speeds.
  • a purely internal combustion engine drive is selected at higher loads and / or higher driving speeds.
  • the internal combustion engine of the electric drive machine can be switched on.
  • the electric drive machine can also be provided to start the internal combustion engine at standstill, but this also allows the use of a second electric machine. When starting the internal combustion engine while driving usually the starting process is effected by the electric drive machine or by the kinetic energy of the vehicle.
  • Hybrid drive systems of the type mentioned are increasingly used in vehicle drives because they are considered to be low in consumption and thus should have a lower emissions of CO 2 per kilometer.
  • This driving cycles are based on a predominant proportion of urban traffic, in which by the purely electric motor drive a CO 2 -free operation is possible.
  • a further reduction of the CO 2 emissions of vehicles is increasingly required in accordance with a self-obligation of the automobile manufacturers and will in the future be compulsory by law. The reason for this is that the climate changes that are currently being observed are attributed to the civilization of greenhouse gases, in particular CO 2, and that the car fleet is considered to be particularly harmful.
  • the differential gear used is usually a planetary gear that can include clutches and brakes in different arrangements.
  • the internal combustion engine can be coupled to the planetary gear via a conventional starting and separating clutch.
  • the planetary gear can be arranged downstream of a conventional automatic transmission or an automated gearbox, with which the speed of the engine of the desired driving speed can be equalized.
  • the electric drive machine can temporarily output power in order to support acceleration processes (boost mode) or to recuperate kinetic energy for recharging the traction batteries during deceleration of the vehicle (recuperation mode).
  • boost mode acceleration processes
  • recuperation mode recuperate kinetic energy for recharging the traction batteries during deceleration of the vehicle
  • the solution to this consists in a method for operating a hybrid drive system of a vehicle, which detects an internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine, which can be used individually or jointly to the drive, according to the when starting the internal combustion engine in driving with previously sole drive through the electric drive engine, the internal combustion engine with activated decompression means is accelerated to an ignition speed, before the internal combustion engine operation is activated.
  • Activation of the decompression means in this case means to control them so that no appreciable compression can take place in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
  • the internal combustion engine can be accelerated to its ignition speed with significantly lower power, so that the effects on the vehicle speed are much lower.
  • a reduced consumption of electrical energy for the acceleration of the internal combustion engine is also connected to ignition speed at the same time. Since the electrical energy must ultimately be compensated by recharging the battery by internal combustion engine energy conversion, this also reduces the CO 2 emissions of the vehicle in the overall balance.
  • the method is thus particularly suitable for direct-injection engines.
  • a further improvement both in terms of ride comfort and in terms of energy consumption can be achieved that before starting the engine, a externally operated prelubrication for reducing the breakaway torque of the internal combustion engine takes place.
  • the power of the electric drive machine is at least briefly withdrawn at the ignition speed of the engine to the set starting power of the engine.
  • the same purpose serves a further improvement of the said method, after the power of the electric drive machine between standstill and reaching the firing speed of the engine is automatically increased automatically by the increasing power consumption of the internal combustion engine regardless of the pedal speed.
  • This towing power which is essentially friction loss of the internal combustion engine increases with the speed, so that the corresponding power control of the electric drive machine is adjusted.
  • An inventive hybrid drive system comprises an internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine, which are coupled via a differential gear and are selectively used individually or together for driving, wherein the internal combustion engine cylinder with decompressor has onsffenn that are activated at a start of the internal combustion engine while driving in previously sole drive by the electric drive machine until reaching an ignition speed of the engine. Activating the decompression means in this case is again holding open or opening the cylinder in the compression stroke.
  • decompression means separate decompression valves may be provided on the cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
  • intake and / or exhaust valves as decompression means, provided that they are provided with a control independent of the crank mechanism.
  • the decompression means are conveniently activated even when starting the internal combustion engine during vehicle standstill. Furthermore, a Vorschmier adopted with independent electric drive is provided. Favorable developments are mentioned in the subclaims, to which reference is hereby made.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid drive system of a vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine and an electric drive engine, both of which can be selectively used, individually or together, to drive the vehicle. When starting the internal combustion engine in the cruising range, the vehicle previously only been driven by the electric drive machine, the internal combustion engine is accelerated to ignition speed with activated decompression means prior to the activation of the internal combustion engine drive mode.

Description

Hybridantrieb mit Dekompressionseinrichtung Hybrid drive with decompression device
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridantriebssystem eines Fahrzeuges, das einen Verbrennungsmotor und eine elektrische Antriebsmaschine umfaßt, die wahlweise einzeln oder gemeinsam zum Antrieb einsetzbar sind, sowie ein Hybridantriebssystem eines Fahrzeuges mit einem Verbrennungsmotor und einer elektrischen Antriebsmaschine, die über ein Differentialgetriebe gekoppelt sind und wahlweise einzeln oder gemeinsam zum Antrieb des Fahrzeugs einsetzbar sind.The invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid drive system of a vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine, which are selectively used individually or together for driving, and a hybrid drive system of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine, which are coupled via a differential gear and optionally be used individually or together to drive the vehicle.
Das hier umrissene Gebiet der Erfindung betrifft Hybridantriebe, bei denen das Fahrzeug auch elektromotorisch zu betreiben ist, wobei ein rein verbrennungsmotorischer Antrieb bei höheren Lasten und/oder höheren Fahrgeschwindigkeiten gewählt wird. In Beschleunigungsphasen und zum Aufladen der Batterie kann der Verbrennungsmotor der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine zugeschaltet werden. Die elektrische An- triebsmaschine kann daneben zum Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors im Stillstand vorgesehen sein, hierfür ist jedoch auch der Einsatz einer zweiten elektrischen Maschine möglich. Beim Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors während der Fahrt wird üblicherweise der Anlaßvorgang durch die elektrische Antriebsmaschine bzw. durch die kinetische Energie des Fahrzeugs bewirkt.The area of the invention outlined here relates to hybrid drives in which the vehicle is also to be operated by an electric motor, wherein a purely internal combustion engine drive is selected at higher loads and / or higher driving speeds. In acceleration phases and for charging the battery, the internal combustion engine of the electric drive machine can be switched on. The electric drive machine can also be provided to start the internal combustion engine at standstill, but this also allows the use of a second electric machine. When starting the internal combustion engine while driving usually the starting process is effected by the electric drive machine or by the kinetic energy of the vehicle.
Hybridantriebssysteme der genannten Art kommen in zunehmendem Maße in Fahrzeugantrieben zum Einsatz, da sie als verbrauchsarm gelten und damit einen geringeren Ausstoß an CO2 pro Kilometer aufweisen sollen. Hierbei sind Fahrzyklen mit einem überwiegenden Anteil an innerstädtischem Verkehr zu Grunde gelegt, bei dem durch den rein elektromotorischen Antrieb ein CO2-ausstoßfreier Betrieb möglich ist. Eine weitere Reduzierung des Cθ2-Ausstoßes von Fahrzeugen ist gemäß einer Selbstverpflichtung der Automobilhersteller zunehmend erforderlich und wird zukünftig gesetzlich zwingend einzuhalten sein. Der Grund hierfür ist es, daß die derzeit festzustellenden Klimaveränderungen der zivilisatorischen Erzeugung von Treib- hausgasen, insbesondere CO2, zugeordnet werden und der Kraftfahrzeugbestand hierbei für besonders schädlich gehalten wird.Hybrid drive systems of the type mentioned are increasingly used in vehicle drives because they are considered to be low in consumption and thus should have a lower emissions of CO 2 per kilometer. This driving cycles are based on a predominant proportion of urban traffic, in which by the purely electric motor drive a CO 2 -free operation is possible. A further reduction of the CO 2 emissions of vehicles is increasingly required in accordance with a self-obligation of the automobile manufacturers and will in the future be compulsory by law. The reason for this is that the climate changes that are currently being observed are attributed to the civilization of greenhouse gases, in particular CO 2, and that the car fleet is considered to be particularly harmful.
Bei den bekannten Parallelhybridantriebssystemen ist das eingesetzte Differentialgetriebe in der Regel ein Planetengetriebe, das Kupplungen und Bremsen in unter- schiedlicher Anordnung umfassen kann. Der Verbrennungsmotor kann über eine übliche Anfahr- und Trennkupplung mit dem Planetengetriebe gekoppelt sein. Dem Planetengetriebe kann ein übliches Automatengetriebe oder ein automatisiertes Schaltgetriebe nachgeordnet sein, mit dem sich die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors der gewünschten Fahrgeschwindigkeit angleichen läßt. Auch bei ausschließli- ehern Einsatz des Verbrennungsmotors kann die elektrische Antriebsmaschine vorübergehend Leistung abgeben, um Beschleunigungsprozesse zu unterstützen (Boost- Betrieb) oder um beim Abbremsen des Fahrzeugs kinetische Energie zur Wiederaufladung der Fahrbatterien zurückzugewinnen (Rekuperationsbetrieb). Die hiermit benannten Betriebsarten und Steuerungsmöglichkeiten sind grundsätzlich bekannt. Ein typisches Antriebssystem dieser Art ist in der WO 2005/07 3005 A1 beschrieben.In the known parallel hybrid drive systems, the differential gear used is usually a planetary gear that can include clutches and brakes in different arrangements. The internal combustion engine can be coupled to the planetary gear via a conventional starting and separating clutch. The planetary gear can be arranged downstream of a conventional automatic transmission or an automated gearbox, with which the speed of the engine of the desired driving speed can be equalized. Even if the internal combustion engine is used exclusively, the electric drive machine can temporarily output power in order to support acceleration processes (boost mode) or to recuperate kinetic energy for recharging the traction batteries during deceleration of the vehicle (recuperation mode). The operating modes and control options named here are basically known. A typical drive system of this type is described in WO 2005/07 3005 A1.
Beim Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors bei zuvor alleinigem Antrieb des Fahrzeuges durch die elektrische Antriebsmaschine wird zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors Leistung abgezogen, was sich im Fahrbetrieb durch einen ruckartigen Lei- stungsverlust bemerkbar macht, der um so stärker erscheint, je geringer die zuvor eingesetzte Fahrleistung war. Das heißt, insbesondere im rollenden Betrieb bei geringen Geschwindigkeiten entsteht ein Fahrverhalten, das im Hinblick auf den geforderten Fahrkomfort nicht hingenommen werden kann.When the internal combustion engine is started by the electric drive machine before the vehicle has been driven alone, power is drawn off to start the internal combustion engine, which manifests itself in a jerky power loss during driving, which appears to be the stronger, the lower the mileage previously used. That is, especially in rolling operation at low speeds creates a driving behavior that can not be tolerated in terms of the required ride comfort.
Hiervon ausgehend ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Fahrzeugs mit Hybridantriebssystem bereitzustellen und ein entsprechendes Antriebssystem vorzuschlagen, das den vorgeschilderten Nachteil weitest- gehend vermeidet und das Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors im Fahrbetrieb wei- testgehend ruckfrei erscheinen läßt.On this basis, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for operating a vehicle with hybrid drive system and to propose a corresponding drive system which avoids the described disadvantage as far as possible and ignites the starting of the internal combustion engine while driving. test jerk free.
Die Lösung hierfür besteht in einem Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridantriebsystems eines Fahrzeuges, das einen Verbrennungsmotor und eine elektrische An- triebsmaschine erfaßt, die wahlweise einzeln oder gemeinsam zum Antrieb einsetzbar sind, gemäß dem bei einem Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors im Fahrbetrieb bei zuvor alleinigem Antrieb durch die elektrische Antriebsmaschine der Verbrennungsmotor mit aktivierten Dekompressionsmitteln auf eine Zünddrehzahl beschleunigt wird, bevor der verbrennungsmotorische Betrieb aktiviert wird. Aktivieren der Dekompressionsmittel bedeutet hierbei, diese so zu steuern, daß keine nennenswerte Verdichtung in den Zylindern des Verbrennungsmotors stattfinden kann.The solution to this consists in a method for operating a hybrid drive system of a vehicle, which detects an internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine, which can be used individually or jointly to the drive, according to the when starting the internal combustion engine in driving with previously sole drive through the electric drive engine, the internal combustion engine with activated decompression means is accelerated to an ignition speed, before the internal combustion engine operation is activated. Activation of the decompression means in this case means to control them so that no appreciable compression can take place in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
Mit dem hiermit vorgeschlagenen Verfahren kann der Verbrennungsmotor mit deutlich geringerer Leistung auf seine Zünddrehzahl beschleunigt werden, so daß die Auswirkungen auf die Fahrgeschwindigkeit sehr viel geringer werden. Mit der geringeren Leistungsaufnahme ist gleichzeitig auch ein verringerter Verbrauch an elektrischer Energie für die Beschleunigung des Verbrennungsmotors auf Zünddrehzahl verbunden. Da die elektrische Energie letztendlich durch Wiederaufladen der Batterie durch verbrennungsmotorische Energieumwandlung ausgeglichen werden muß, wird hierbei in der Gesamtbilanz auch der CO2- Ausstoß des Fahrzeugs verringert.With the method proposed hereby, the internal combustion engine can be accelerated to its ignition speed with significantly lower power, so that the effects on the vehicle speed are much lower. With the lower power consumption, a reduced consumption of electrical energy for the acceleration of the internal combustion engine is also connected to ignition speed at the same time. Since the electrical energy must ultimately be compensated by recharging the battery by internal combustion engine energy conversion, this also reduces the CO 2 emissions of the vehicle in the overall balance.
In gleicher Weise läßt sich eine Verbrauchsverbesserung erzielen, wenn auch beim Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors im Fahrzeugstillstand der Verbrennungsmotor mit aktivierten Dekompressionsmitteln zur Reduzierung der Gaswechselarbeit und damit auch der inneren Reibung auf eine Zünddrehzahl beschleunigt wird, bevor der verbrennungsmotorische Betrieb eingeleitet wird.In the same way, an improvement in fuel consumption can be achieved if, even when starting the internal combustion engine during vehicle standstill, the internal combustion engine with activated decompression means for reducing the gas exchange work and thus also the internal friction is accelerated to an ignition speed before internal combustion engine operation is initiated.
Aus der EP 07 46 675 B1 ist es bereits bekannt, beim Starten eines Verbrennungsmotors mittels eines Anlassers während der ersten Umdrehungen die Einlaßvorrich- tungen und/oder die Auslaßvorrichtungen offen zu halten, um die Startleistung, die der Anlasser aufzubringen hat, zu reduzieren. Dies ist jedoch ausschließlich eine Maßnahme, die auf die Verwendung kleinerer Anlasser und Batterien abzielt und mit dem Fahrkomfort in keinerlei Zusammenhang steht. Soweit vorstehend von Zünddrehzahl gesprochen wird, ist festzustellen, daß hierbei die Anwendung auf selbstzündende Motoren (Dieselmotoren) ebenso gegeben ist, wie auf fremdgezündete Motoren (Ottomotoren).From EP 07 46 675 B1 it is already known, when starting an internal combustion engine by means of a starter during the first turns, the intake devices and / or the exhaust devices open to reduce the starting power, which has to apply the starter. However, this is only a measure aimed at the use of smaller starters and batteries and is unrelated to the ride comfort. As far as the above ignition speed is spoken, it should be noted that in this case the application to self-igniting engines (diesel engines) is given as well as to spark-ignited engines (gasoline engines).
Während des Beschleunigens auf die Zünddrehzahl bleibt hierbei die Brennstoffzufuhr zu den Zylindern unterbrochen. Das Verfahren ist somit besonders geeignet für direkteinspritzende Motoren.During acceleration to the ignition speed, the fuel supply to the cylinders remains interrupted. The method is thus particularly suitable for direct-injection engines.
Eine weitere Verbesserung sowohl im Hinblick auf den Fahrkomfort als auch bezüglich des Energieverbrauchs ist dadurch zu erzielen, daß vor dem Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors eine fremdbetriebene Vorschmierung zur Verringerung des Losbrechmomentes des Verbrennungsmotors erfolgt.A further improvement both in terms of ride comfort and in terms of energy consumption can be achieved that before starting the engine, a externally operated prelubrication for reducing the breakaway torque of the internal combustion engine takes place.
Um den Fahrkomfort bei dem hier beschriebenen Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors im Fahrbetrieb nochmals zu verbessern, ist in weiterführender Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß die Leistung der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine bei Erreichen der Zünddrehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors zumindest kurzzeitig um die eingestellte Startleistung des Verbrennungsmotors zurückgenommen wird.In order to improve the ride comfort in the here described starting the internal combustion engine while driving again, is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the power of the electric drive machine is at least briefly withdrawn at the ignition speed of the engine to the set starting power of the engine.
Dem gleichen Zweck dient eine weitere Verbesserung des genannten Verfahrens, nachdem die Leistung der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine zwischen Stillstand und Erreichen der Zünddrehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors automatisch um die zunehmende Leistungsaufnahme des Verbrennungsmotors unabhängig von der Fahrpe- dalstellung automatisch erhöht wird. Diese Schleppleistung, die im wesentlichen Reibleistung des Verbrennungsmotors ist, nimmt mit der Drehzahl zu, so daß die entsprechende Leistungsregelung der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine anzupassen ist.The same purpose serves a further improvement of the said method, after the power of the electric drive machine between standstill and reaching the firing speed of the engine is automatically increased automatically by the increasing power consumption of the internal combustion engine regardless of the pedal speed. This towing power, which is essentially friction loss of the internal combustion engine increases with the speed, so that the corresponding power control of the electric drive machine is adjusted.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Hybridantriebssystem gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung umfaßt einen Verbrennungsmotor und eine elektrische Antriebsmaschine, die über ein Differentialgetriebe gekoppelt sind und wahlweise einzeln oder gemeinsam zum Antrieb einsetzbar sind, wobei der Verbrennungsmotor Zylinder mit Dekompressi- onsmitteln aufweist, die bei einem Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors im Fahrbetrieb bei zuvor alleinigem Antrieb durch die elektrische Antriebsmaschine bis zum Erreichen einer Zünddrehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors aktivierbar sind. Aktivieren der Dekompressionsmittel heißt hierbei wiederum Offenhalten oder Öffnen der Zylinder im Verdichtungstakt.An inventive hybrid drive system according to the present invention comprises an internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine, which are coupled via a differential gear and are selectively used individually or together for driving, wherein the internal combustion engine cylinder with decompressor has onsmitteln that are activated at a start of the internal combustion engine while driving in previously sole drive by the electric drive machine until reaching an ignition speed of the engine. Activating the decompression means in this case is again holding open or opening the cylinder in the compression stroke.
Als Dekompressionsmittel können hierbei gesonderte Dekompressionsventile an den Zylindern des Verbrennungsmotors vorgesehen sein. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, die Einlaß- und/oder Auslaßventile als Dekompressionsmittel einzusetzen, sofern diese mit einer vom Kurbeltrieb unabhängigen Steuerung versehen sind.As decompression means, separate decompression valves may be provided on the cylinders of the internal combustion engine. Alternatively, it is also possible to use the intake and / or exhaust valves as decompression means, provided that they are provided with a control independent of the crank mechanism.
Die Dekompressionsmittel werden günstigerweise auch beim Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors im Fahrzeugstillstand aktiviert. Weiterhin ist eine Vorschmiereinrichtung mit unabhängigem elektrischen Antrieb vorzusehen. Günstige Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen genannt, auf die hiermit Bezug genommen wird. The decompression means are conveniently activated even when starting the internal combustion engine during vehicle standstill. Furthermore, a Vorschmiereinrichtung with independent electric drive is provided. Favorable developments are mentioned in the subclaims, to which reference is hereby made.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridantriebsystems eines Fahrzeuges, das einen Verbrennungsmotor und eine elektrische Antriebsmaschine umfaßt, die wahlweise einzeln oder gemeinsam zum Antrieb einsetzbar sind,A method of operating a hybrid propulsion system of a vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine and an electric prime mover, which are selectively usable individually or together for propulsion,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß bei einem Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors im Fahrbereich bei zuvor alleinigem Antrieb durch die elektrische Antriebsmaschine der Verbrennungsmotor mit aktivierten Dekompressionsmitteln auf eine Zünddrehzahl beschleunigt wird, bevor der verbrennungsmotorische Betrieb aktiviert wird.that when the internal combustion engine is started in the driving range with previously sole drive by the electric drive machine, the internal combustion engine with activated decompression means is accelerated to an ignition speed before the internal combustion engine operation is activated.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 ,2. The method according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß beim Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors im Fahrzeugstillstand der Verbrennungsmotor mit aktivierten Dekompressionsmitteln auf eine Zünddrehzahl beschleunigt wird, bevor der verbrennungsmotorische Betrieb aktiviert wird.that when starting the internal combustion engine in the vehicle standstill, the internal combustion engine with activated decompression means is accelerated to an ignition speed before the internal combustion engine operation is activated.
3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bis zum Erreichen der Zünddrehzahl Dekompressionsventile in den Zylindern des Verbrennungsmotors offengehalten oder periodisch geöffnet werden.characterized, that held until the ignition speed decompression valves in the cylinders of the engine or periodically opened.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,4. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß bis zum Erreichen der Zünddrehzahl die Gaswechselventile der Zylinder für Einlaß und/oder Auslaß offengehalten oder im Verdichtungstakt periodisch geöffnet werden.in that, until reaching the ignition speed, the gas exchange valves of the cylinders are kept open for inlet and / or outlet or periodically opened in the compression stroke.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß vor dem Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors eine fremdbetriebene Vorschmierung zur Verringerung des Losbrechmomentes erfolgt.that before starting the internal combustion engine, a externally operated pre-lubrication to reduce the breakaway torque takes place.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß die Kraftstoffzufuhr zum Verbrennungsmotor bis zum Erreichen der Zünddrehzahl unterbrochen bleibt.that the fuel supply to the engine remains interrupted until reaching the ignition speed.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß die Leistung der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine bei Erreichen der Zünddrehzahl um die eingestellte Startleistung des Verbrennungsmotors bei Zünddrehzahl zumindest kurzzeitig zurückgenommen wird. that the power of the electric drive machine is at least briefly withdrawn when the ignition speed is reached by the set starting power of the internal combustion engine at ignition speed.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß die Leistung der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine zwischen Stillstand und Erreichen der Zünddrehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors automatisch gesteuert um die Schleppleistung des Verbrennungsmotors erhöht wird.that the power of the electric drive machine between standstill and reaching the ignition speed of the engine automatically controlled by the towing power of the engine is increased.
9. Hybridantriebssystem eines Fahrzeugs mit einem Verbrennungsmotor und einer elektrischen Antriebsmaschine, die über ein Differentialgetriebe gekoppelt sind und wahlweise einzeln oder gemeinsam zum Antrieb einsetzbar sind,9. Hybrid drive system of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine, which are coupled via a differential gear and can be used individually or together to drive,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß der Verbrennungsmotor Zylinder mit Dekompressionsmitteln aufweist, die bei einem Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors im Fahrbetrieb bei zuvor alleinigem Antrieb durch die elektrische Maschine, bis zum Erreichen einer Zünddrehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors aktivierbar sind.in that the internal combustion engine has cylinders with decompression means which can be activated when the internal combustion engine is started while driving by the electric machine until it reaches an ignition speed of the internal combustion engine.
10. Antriebssystem nach Anspruch 9,10. Drive system according to claim 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß die Dekompressionsmittel bei einem Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors im Fahrzeugstillstand bis zum Erreichen einer Zünddrehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors aktivierbar sind.in that the decompression means can be activated when the internal combustion engine is started when the vehicle is at a standstill until an ignition speed of the internal combustion engine is reached.
11. Antriebssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 9 oder 10,11. Drive system according to one of claims 9 or 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß die Dekompressionsmittel gesonderte Dekompressionsventile in den Zylindern des Verbrennungsmotors sind. the decompression means are separate decompression valves in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
2. Antriebssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 9 oder 10,2. Drive system according to one of claims 9 or 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß die Dekompressionsmittel frei steuerbare Gaswechselventile der Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors sind. that the decompression means are freely controllable gas exchange valves of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
PCT/EP2007/009013 2007-10-18 2007-10-18 Hybrid drive with a decompression device WO2009052839A1 (en)

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