WO2008151661A1 - Elektrischer transformator mit gleichfluss-kompensation - Google Patents
Elektrischer transformator mit gleichfluss-kompensation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008151661A1 WO2008151661A1 PCT/EP2007/055728 EP2007055728W WO2008151661A1 WO 2008151661 A1 WO2008151661 A1 WO 2008151661A1 EP 2007055728 W EP2007055728 W EP 2007055728W WO 2008151661 A1 WO2008151661 A1 WO 2008151661A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- transformer
- compensation
- core
- magnetic field
- current
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/38—Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/343—Preventing or reducing surge voltages; oscillations
- H01F27/345—Preventing or reducing surge voltages; oscillations using auxiliary conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/38—Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings
- H01F27/385—Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings for reducing harmonics
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical transformer with DC compensation.
- DC component or “DC component”. It is usually only a few parts per thousand of the rated transformer current, but causes in the core of the transformer a magnetic direct flux, which is superimposed on the primary or secondary alternating flux and causes an asymmetrical modulation of the BH characteristic of the ferromagnetic core material. Even a small proportion of direct current can cause a saturation of the core due to the high permeability of the ferromagnetic core material and result in strong distortions of the magnetizing current.
- the geostationary magnetic field can also contribute to a DC component in the nucleus. The consequence of this asymmetrical modulation are increased magnetic Losses and thus increased heating of the core, as well as magnetization current peaks, which cause an increased emission of operating noise.
- the undesirable saturation effect could basically be counteracted by increasing the cross section of the magnetic circuit and thus keeping the magnetic flux density B lower, or inserting a (replacement) air gap into the magnetic circuit, as proposed for example in DE 198 54 902 A1.
- the former leads to an increased construction volume of the transformer, the latter to a larger magnetizing current; both are disadvantageous.
- actuators are proposed in US 5,726,617 and DE 699 01 596 T2, which excite the oil in a Transformatorgehause so that the fluid pressure waves when operating the transformer from the laminated core and of the transformer windings go out, be weakened.
- these actuators consume a not inconsiderable amount of energy during operation; they are also prone to failure and exhausting.
- the invention is based on the idea not to combat the unwanted effects of the bias, but to eliminate their cause.
- the transformer according to the invention is characterized as follows:
- the transformer has a soft magnetic core on which in addition to a primary and a secondary winding assembly, a compensation winding assembly is arranged.
- the compensation winding arrangement is connected to a current control device which, in accordance with a control variable which provides a magnetic field measuring device from a measurement of a magnetic flux linked to a current in the primary or secondary winding arrangement, enters into the compensation winding arrangement
- the compensation current is fed in such a way that its effect in the core is directed against a magnetic direct flux.
- the specification of the compensation current in the compensation winding takes place in accordance with a magnetic field measured variable which supplies a magnetic field measuring device.
- a magnetic field measured variable which supplies a magnetic field measuring device.
- known magnetic field sensors are suitable, which either measure the field in the core of the transformer, or the stray magnetic field, which closes outside the core via the air path.
- the basic operating principle of these sensors can be, for example, the induction in a measuring coil, the Hall effect or the magneto-resistive effect.
- the magnetic field measured variable can also be determined by using a magnetometer (fluxgate or Förster probe). In comparison to an accurate measurement of the DC component (which is much smaller than the rated current, in particular in the case of a large transformer, and is therefore difficult to detect), the metrological outlay for determining the magnetic field measured variable is lower.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention may be characterized in that the magnetic field measuring device is formed from a signal processing unit that is signal-conducting with at least two magnetic field detectors.
- the determination of two DC components may be sufficient, since the total flux must be zero.
- the signal processing unit is set up to determine harmonics from a respective measurement signal provided by the magnetic field detector and to form the control signal therefrom.
- the harmonic analysis can be done electronically or computer-aided.
- Even-numbered harmonics are particularly suitable here, in particular the first harmonic (2nd harmonic) whose amplitude is functionally related to the magnetic direct flux which it is to be compensated for.
- two magnetic field detectors are arranged outside the core so that they detect a leakage flux of the transformer.
- the stray flux increases very strongly in the case of the magnetic saturation of the core, which is favorable for the determination of the control signal.
- the magnetic field detector can simply be designed as an induction probe, which detects the leakage flux change and converts it into an electrical measurement signal, from which the even-numbered harmonics, in particular the second harmonic, can be filtered out.
- the induction probe can be designed as an air coil.
- the electrical measurement signal from this air-core coil is independent of long-term and temperature drift and is also cost-effective.
- a blocking circuit (ZB: Reaktanzzweipol) is connected in the current path to the current control device.
- ZB Reaktanzzweipol
- a two-pole network for example, formed from an LC parallel circuit that blocks the mains frequency, but hardly represents a resistance with respect to the compensation DC.
- a favorable spatial arrangement of the magnetic field detector is most easily done by trial or numerical field simulation. Particularly favorable is a measuring location at which the magnetic fields caused by the primary and secondary load currents largely compensate each other. Preferred is an arrangement in which an air coil in a gap formed of an outer peripheral surface of a transformer leg and the concentrically enclosing compensation winding or secondary winding, approximately in the middle leg height, is arranged.
- a preferred arrangement of the compensation winding may be the yoke in a three-arm transformer or the yoke in a five-arm transformer; As a result, a compensation winding can be retrofitted to an existing transformer in a simple manner.
- Figure 1 shows a three-phase transformer according to the invention (three-arm transformer) with DC compensation, in which the compensation winding assembly is disposed on the main legs;
- Figure 2 shows a three-phase transformer according to the invention (three-arm transformer) with DC compensation, in which the compensation winding arrangement is arranged on the yoke;
- Figure 3 shows a three-phase transformer according to the invention with DC compensation, in which the compensation winding assembly is disposed on a remindInstitutj och;
- FIG. 4 shows a three-phase transformer according to the invention (five-limb transformer) with DC compensation, in which the compensation winding arrangement is arranged on the main legs;
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the invention
- FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a measuring test, for
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the linear relationship as a result of the measurement test according to FIG between DC component and 2nd harmonic at a primary voltage of 6 kV;
- FIG. 8 shows a diagram which, as a result of the measurement test according to FIG. 6, shows the linear relationship between the DC component and the second harmonic at a primary voltage of 30 kV.
- FIG. 1 shows an electrical transformer 20 with a housing 7, which has a transformer core 4.
- the design of the core 4 corresponds to the known three-limb design with three legs 21, 22, 23 and a transverse yoke 32.
- On each of the legs 21, 22, 23 is as usual a primary winding 1 and a secondary winding. 2
- a compensating winding 3 is additionally provided on the outer legs 21 and 23.
- FIG. 1 Drawing of Figure 1 is indicated in the region of the first leg 21 with an arrow 5, a magnetic "DC”.
- This magnetic "direct current” 5 is assumed to be caused by a “direct current component” (DC component) flowing on the primary side or the secondary side.
- the “direct flow” can also be interspersed by the earth's magnetic field.
- direct current or “direct current” is here to be understood a physical quantity, which, seen in time compared to 5o Hz alternating variables, varies only very slowly, if this is the case at all.
- This magnetic flux 5, which is superimposed on the alternating flux in the leg 21, causes a bias, which is an asymmetrical modulation of the magnetic Material and thus causes an increased noise emission.
- two controlled current sources 12 and 13 are provided in FIG. These current sources 12, 13 feed each in the sense of a compensation in an associated
- Compensating winding 3 a compensation current 16 and 17, whose size and direction is such that the magnetic DC flux 5 is compensated in the core 4. (In FIG. 1 this is indicated by an arrow 6 of the same size, opposite to the arrow 5)
- Adjustment takes place by means of the control signals 14, 15, which are supplied as manipulated variable to the current sources 12 and 13 by means of the lines 9, 10.
- the control variables 14, 15 provide a signal processing unit 11, which will be explained in more detail below.
- a magnetic field detector 8 is arranged in each case approximately centrally between the compensation winding 3 and an outer limb 21 or 23 of the core 4.
- Each of these magnetic field detectors 8 is located outside the magnetic circuit and measures a stray field of the transformer 20. In the stray field, in particular, that half-wave of the magnetizing current emerges significantly, which is controlled to saturation, so that the DC component in the core can be determined well.
- the measuring signal of the detectors 8 is fed to the signal processing unit 11 by means of the lines 9, 10.
- the two magnetic field detectors 8 each consist of a measuring coil (several hundred turns, diameter about 25 mm).
- a measuring coil hundreds of turns, diameter about 25 mm.
- the sum of the DC components over all legs must be zero.
- a multiplicity of sensor principles is fundamentally possible for the magnetic field measurement. It is only decisive that a magnetic field characteristic of the transformer is measured, from which the DC component or the DC component can be determined by means of signaling technology and subsequently corrected.
- FIG. 2 differs from FIG. 1 only in that here the compensation winding arrangement 3 is not arranged on a main leg 21, 22, 23 but on the yoke 32 of the core 4. At each main leg 21, 22, 23 is again in a gap between the core 4 and the secondary winding 2, a magnetic field detector 8 is arranged (here for redundancy reasons a total of three).
- FIG. 3 shows a five-limb transformer in which a compensation winding 3 is arranged at each return limb 31.
- the core flux does not split in half when entering the yoke to two sides; Due to the law of continuity, the respective direct flow component flowing back from the return leg 31 must correspond to the direct flow in the main legs 21, 22, 23, so that each return leg 31 carries 1.5 times the DC component.
- Each leg 21, 22, 23 is again one outside of the
- Compensating current 16 and 17 can compensate for the DC component in the yoke legs 31.
- FIG. 4 shows a variant of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. Here are the compensation windings 3 on the main legs 21, 22 and
- Each of these compensation windings 3 is again assigned to one of three current control means. The specification of the compensation current takes place as described above by the signal processing unit 11.
- FIG. 5 shows, in a schematic block diagram, a possible embodiment of the signal processing unit 11, which acts as a DC compensation controller.
- the signal processing unit 11 determines the second harmonic from the spectrum of the harmonics, which is a direct image of the DC component.
- a sensor coil 8 detects leakage flux of the transformer 20.
- the measurement signal of the sensor coil 8 is supplied to a differential amplifier 19.
- a notch filter notch filter
- the measurement signal Via a low-pass filter 25 and a bandpass filter 26, the measurement signal is applied to an integrator 27. By integrating, a voltage signal proportional to the magnetic flux change in the measuring coil 8, which is supplied to a very selective bandpass filter 26, is produced Share figures, filter out.
- This voltage signal passes after a sample-and-hold circuit 28 and a low-pass filter 25 via line 16 to the controlled current source 12 with integrated control device.
- This current source 12 and control device is connected in a closed circuit 33 with a compensation winding 3. She gives in the Compensation winding 3 before a DC, which counteracts the DC component in the core 4.
- FIG. 5 also shows an auxiliary winding 29 whose signal is fed to the sample / hold circuit 28 via filters and rectification. It serves in the illustrated circuit for conditioning the scanning signal, so that a phase-related scanning of the second harmonic of
- the signal processing illustrated in FIG. 5 shows, by way of example only, a possible second harmonic measurement method.
- the expert expert has a number of analog and digital function blocks available for this purpose.
- the current control variable 14, 15 could also be obtained by a suitable digital calculation method in a microcomputer or a freely programmable logic device (FPGA), which determines the second harmonic (100 Hz) from the Fourier transform.
- FIG. 6 shows a test arrangement in which the signal conditioning unit 11 illustrated in FIG. 5 and explained above in the case of a 4 MVA power transformer was used to suppress the relationship between the DC component and the first harmonic (2nd harmonic) To determine real conditions metrologically.
- the 4 MVA power transformer in this experiment was idle at a primary voltage of 6 KV and 30 KV, respectively.
- a DC component between 0.2 and 2 A was fed by means of a current source.
- a magnetic field detector 8 was a sensor coil with 200 turns, which was located outside the core of the transformer and detects the leakage flux.
- the direct current component (IDC) fed in at the star point is plotted on the ordinate; on the abscissa the rms value of the first harmonic (UlOOHz) is plotted.
- the diagram in Figure 7 shows the relationship at a primary voltage of 6 KV, the diagram in Figure 8 at a primary voltage of 30 KV effectively.
- the two diagrams in FIGS. 7 and 8 show that the relationship between the DC component (IDC) and the associated distortion (second harmonic ULOOHz) can be regarded with sufficient accuracy as linear.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
- Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/055728 WO2008151661A1 (de) | 2007-06-12 | 2007-06-12 | Elektrischer transformator mit gleichfluss-kompensation |
ES07730062.2T ES2647679T3 (es) | 2007-06-12 | 2007-06-12 | Transformador eléctrico con compensación de flujo continuo |
CN200780053317A CN101681716A (zh) | 2007-06-12 | 2007-06-12 | 具有单向通量补偿的电力变压器 |
US12/663,710 US8314674B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 | 2007-06-12 | Electrical transformer with unidirectional flux compensation |
EP07730062.2A EP2156448B1 (de) | 2007-06-12 | 2007-06-12 | Elektrischer transformator mit gleichfluss-kompensation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/055728 WO2008151661A1 (de) | 2007-06-12 | 2007-06-12 | Elektrischer transformator mit gleichfluss-kompensation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2008151661A1 true WO2008151661A1 (de) | 2008-12-18 |
Family
ID=39032325
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/055728 WO2008151661A1 (de) | 2007-06-12 | 2007-06-12 | Elektrischer transformator mit gleichfluss-kompensation |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8314674B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2156448B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101681716A (de) |
ES (1) | ES2647679T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008151661A1 (de) |
Cited By (9)
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WO2011127969A1 (de) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-20 | Siemens Transformers Austria Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum detektieren einer magnetischen kenngrösse in einem kern |
WO2012041368A1 (de) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-05 | Siemens Transformers Austria Gmbh & Co Kg | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum verringern eines magnetischen gleichfluss-anteils im kern eines transformators |
WO2012041367A1 (de) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-05 | Siemens Transformers Austria Gmbh & Co Kg | Anordnung und verfahren zur kompensation eines magnetischen gleichflusses in einem transformatorkern |
EP2639800A1 (de) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Transformator für ein elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug |
EP3021335A1 (de) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Anordnung und Verfahren zur Verringerung eines magnetischen Gleichfluss-Anteils im Kern eines Transformators |
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CN106463246A (zh) * | 2014-06-06 | 2017-02-22 | 西门子公司 | 用于检测在变压器的铁芯中的恒磁通的测量装置 |
EP3196902A1 (de) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-07-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schaltungsanordnung zur verringerung eines gleichfluss-anteils im weichmagnetischen kern eines transformators |
AT519338A1 (de) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-05-15 | Siemens Ag | Schaltungsanordnung zur Verringerung eines Gleichfluss-Anteils im weichmagnetischen Kern eines Transformators |
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JP5044188B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-16 | 2012-10-10 | 株式会社東芝 | 静止誘導電気機器の磁束測定装置、磁束測定方法および遮断器の同期開閉制御装置 |
CN102637513B (zh) * | 2012-05-07 | 2015-05-13 | 上海电机学院 | 可改善输出波形的变压器及其改善输出波形的方法 |
US9455084B2 (en) | 2012-07-19 | 2016-09-27 | The Boeing Company | Variable core electromagnetic device |
US9159487B2 (en) | 2012-07-19 | 2015-10-13 | The Boeing Company | Linear electromagnetic device |
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US9389619B2 (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2016-07-12 | The Boeing Company | Transformer core flux control for power management |
US9651633B2 (en) | 2013-02-21 | 2017-05-16 | The Boeing Company | Magnetic core flux sensor |
WO2014191023A1 (de) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zur verringerung eines magnetischen gleichfluss-anteils im kern eines transformators |
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CA2930845C (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2018-10-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device and method for reducing a magnetic unidirectional flux component of a transformer core |
EP2905792B1 (de) | 2014-02-06 | 2016-09-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zur Verringerung eines magnetischen Gleichfluss-Anteils im Kern eines Transformators |
EP3100291B1 (de) * | 2014-03-19 | 2019-01-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gleichstromkompensation für hohen gleichstrom bei einem transformator |
EP3076411B1 (de) * | 2015-04-01 | 2017-11-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schaltungsanordnung zum verringern eines magnetischen gleichfluss-anteils im kern eines transformators |
US10403429B2 (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2019-09-03 | The Boeing Company | Multi-pulse electromagnetic device including a linear magnetic core configuration |
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US11418031B2 (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2022-08-16 | Raytheon Company | Actively-controlled power transformer and method for controlling |
EP4290538A1 (de) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-12-13 | Hitachi Energy Ltd | Transformator mit tertiärwicklung |
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2007
- 2007-06-12 WO PCT/EP2007/055728 patent/WO2008151661A1/de active Application Filing
- 2007-06-12 CN CN200780053317A patent/CN101681716A/zh active Pending
- 2007-06-12 ES ES07730062.2T patent/ES2647679T3/es active Active
- 2007-06-12 US US12/663,710 patent/US8314674B2/en active Active
- 2007-06-12 EP EP07730062.2A patent/EP2156448B1/de active Active
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Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011127969A1 (de) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-20 | Siemens Transformers Austria Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum detektieren einer magnetischen kenngrösse in einem kern |
AU2010350863B2 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2014-05-29 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Method and apparatus for detecting a magnetic characteristic variable in a core |
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KR20130099982A (ko) * | 2010-09-29 | 2013-09-06 | 지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트 외스터라이히 | 트랜스포머의 코어 내의 자기 단방향성 플럭스 프랙션을 감소시키기 위한 디바이스 및 방법 |
KR101720039B1 (ko) | 2010-09-29 | 2017-03-27 | 지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트 | 트랜스포머의 코어 내의 자기 단방향성 플럭스 프랙션을 감소시키기 위한 디바이스 및 방법 |
US9046901B2 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2015-06-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device and method for reducing a magnetic unidirectional flux fraction in the core of a transformer |
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US10895610B2 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2021-01-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Measuring arrangement for detecting a magnetic unidirectional flux in the core of a transformer |
US10090098B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2018-10-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Arrangement and method for reducing a magnetic unidirectional flux component in the core of a transformer |
WO2016074846A1 (de) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Anordnung und verfahren zur verringerung eines magnetischen gleichfluss-anteils im kern eines transformators |
EP3021335A1 (de) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Anordnung und Verfahren zur Verringerung eines magnetischen Gleichfluss-Anteils im Kern eines Transformators |
EP3065150A1 (de) * | 2015-03-05 | 2016-09-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Transformator sowie Verfahren zum Nachrüsten eines Transformators |
WO2016139030A1 (de) * | 2015-03-05 | 2016-09-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Transformator sowie verfahren zum nachrüsten eines transformators |
US20180033545A1 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2018-02-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Transformer And Method For Retrofitting A Transformer |
US10559420B2 (en) | 2015-03-05 | 2020-02-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Transformer and method for retrofitting a transformer |
EP3196902A1 (de) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-07-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schaltungsanordnung zur verringerung eines gleichfluss-anteils im weichmagnetischen kern eines transformators |
US9941046B2 (en) | 2016-01-25 | 2018-04-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Circuit arrangement for reducing a unidirectional flux component in the soft-magnetic core of a transformer |
AT519338A1 (de) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-05-15 | Siemens Ag | Schaltungsanordnung zur Verringerung eines Gleichfluss-Anteils im weichmagnetischen Kern eines Transformators |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ES2647679T3 (es) | 2017-12-26 |
CN101681716A (zh) | 2010-03-24 |
EP2156448A1 (de) | 2010-02-24 |
EP2156448B1 (de) | 2017-08-16 |
US8314674B2 (en) | 2012-11-20 |
US20100194373A1 (en) | 2010-08-05 |
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