WO2008127143A1 - Dispositif permettant d'évacuer d'urgence un individu d'un objet situé en hauteur, mécanisme amortisseur de ce dispositif, structure d'appui d'un sac de ce dispositif et système de remplissage d'une chambre gonflable de ce dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif permettant d'évacuer d'urgence un individu d'un objet situé en hauteur, mécanisme amortisseur de ce dispositif, structure d'appui d'un sac de ce dispositif et système de remplissage d'une chambre gonflable de ce dispositif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008127143A1
WO2008127143A1 PCT/RU2007/000393 RU2007000393W WO2008127143A1 WO 2008127143 A1 WO2008127143 A1 WO 2008127143A1 RU 2007000393 W RU2007000393 W RU 2007000393W WO 2008127143 A1 WO2008127143 A1 WO 2008127143A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inflatable
person
chamber
chambers
toroidal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2007/000393
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Mikhail Nikolaevich Roshin
Yury Alekseevich Metelev
Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Zaschirinsky
Yury Ivanovich Smelkin
Original Assignee
Obschestvo S Ogranichennoi Otvetstvennosty U 'kosmicheskie Sistemy Spaseniya'
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Obschestvo S Ogranichennoi Otvetstvennosty U 'kosmicheskie Sistemy Spaseniya' filed Critical Obschestvo S Ogranichennoi Otvetstvennosty U 'kosmicheskie Sistemy Spaseniya'
Publication of WO2008127143A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008127143A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/22—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of jumping devices, e.g. jumping-sheets, jumping-mattresses

Definitions

  • a device for emergency descent of a person from a high-altitude object a damping device for this device, a support structure for a satchel for this device, and an inflatable chamber filling system for this device
  • the invention relates to a device designed to save people in emergency situations, mainly for lowering people from the upper floors of high-altitude objects in case of fire or other emergency situations.
  • Such an inflatable device is located in a satchel, equipped with a mounting system on the human body and a gas filling system and contains a main inflatable brake element and an additional inflatable brake element, which in the working condition of DNTE has the shape of a truncated cone directed upward by a large base, a person is located on a smaller base, and the main inflatable brake element is located in the area of the smaller base and is made in the form of inflatable tori located one above the other.
  • a tool for emergency descent of a person from a high-altitude object the user attaches a support on his back a lodgement in the form of a satchel connected through an intermediate membrane and depreciation means with a parachute laid in it is located in a sitting or standing position on the platform or in the opening of a high-rise object so that its back with the satchel is facing into free space outside the object with the help of the person being saved or in addition to it, a means for opening the inflatable system and forming toroidal elements and elements of the landing nacelle is activated, for which the corresponding chambers are inflated.
  • the larger toroidal base of the pneumatic carcass When the system is opened, the larger toroidal base of the pneumatic carcass is placed in an approximately vertical position, after the involuntary, proactive or forced descent of the rescued person from the platform or from the opening of a high-altitude object into the free space outside, its larger and smaller toroidal bases of the parachute are rotated when falling into approximately horizontal position and give the elastic skirt the shape of a conical-like braking surface so that when the elements are horizontal of the pneumatic frame, the lodgement with the rescued person lying on it, and the intermediate membrane were located directly above the smaller mountainous base of the frame, when the landing gondola comes in contact with the landing surface, which completes the descent, the kinetic energy of the saved person is extinguished during lowering from the smaller toroidal base of the frame to the lower toroidal element of the landing gondola due to rupture or disconnection of elements connecting the middle sections of elastic rods of variable length.
  • a device for the emergency descent of a person from a high-altitude object containing a support tool tray in the form of a satchel, which is equipped with means for securing it on the back of the person being saved and connected through an intermediate membrane and depreciation means with a parachute folded in it
  • the parachute includes inflatable chambers designed to form a larger and smaller toroidal base of the pneumatic carcass, an elastic skirt that is connected to cameras of larger and smaller bases and is designed to form a cone-like brake screen when they are boosted, and inflatable chambers to form a torus when they are boosted of the known elements of the landing gondola with the formation of a cavity in it, designed to move the person to be saved from the smaller toroidal base of the frame to the lower toroidal element of the landing gondola at the end of the descent, parachute deployment means, which include an initiating device and elastic gas pipelines communicating the inflatable chute chambers with a gas source through shutoff valves.
  • the gas source is a compressed gas cylinder or a gas generator, which is fastened to a support lodgement and communicated through shut-off valves with inflatable chute chambers by means of flexible gas pipelines.
  • the landing gondola is made in the form of a truncated cone and includes chambers for forming, when they are boosted, the lower landing and at least one intermediate torus connected by power tapes.
  • the brake screen in the working position is made in the form of a truncated cone with a solution angle of 90-130 °.
  • the pneumatic frame is made with inflatable chambers, forming spokes when they are boosted, which are placed along the generators of the cone of the brake screen and connected to a larger and smaller torus base.
  • Parachute deployment tools include initiating a device and a cylinder with compressed gas or a gas generator - communicated through shut-off valves with inflatable chutes of the parachute through flexible gas pipelines.
  • Cushioning means include variable-length elastic rods in which the ends are fastened to the chamber of the smaller base of the pneumatic frame and with an intermediate membrane along their perimeter, and the middle sections are folded into at least two layers of discontinuous or otherwise disconnected elements with the possibility of suppressing kinetic energy the person being saved in the process of lowering him from the smaller toroidal base of the pneumatic carcass to the lower toroidal element of the landing nacelle (RU publ. application N ° 2003124165, A62B1 / 00, publ. 2 02/07/2005).
  • the disadvantage of this device is its significant dimensions and weight, as well as low efficiency.
  • a device for emergency descent of a person from a high-altitude object containing a supporting element in the form of a satchel, equipped with means for fastening it on the back of a rescued person and connected through an intermediate membrane with a parachute folded in it, including inflatable chambers designed to form upper and lower bases when they are supercharged pneumatic skeleton, forming an elastic skirt, forming when it is connected with inflatable chambers a cone-shaped brake screen, means for opening the parachute, including Tocnik gas, integrated with the knapsack and communicating with the inflatable chambers by means of flexible elastic pipeline, and inflatable chamber for forming the landing nacelle therein inflatable seat chamber of the nacelle are designed as racks and the lower base forming the frame and communicating with the lower base of the pneumatic carcass, while the landing nacelle is equipped with vertical and horizontal partitions, lower and upper, forming cavities, holes are made in the lower partition, and the upper partition is fastened to the lower base of the pneumatic frame and to the satchel.
  • the device While the cavity formed by horizontal and vertical partitions, made in the form of honeycombs.
  • the device is also equipped with a foaming mechanism communicated with the cavities of the landing nacelle for filling them with quickly hardening or other foam, and an automatically unlocked safety device fastened at one end with a satchel and the other with structural elements of the building during the evacuation of the person to be saved (RU N Q 2288758, A62B1 / 00, B64D25 / 14, publ.).
  • Such a device by the principle of quenching energy more reminds a sports apparatus like a trampoline to which grid the person is attached.
  • Loads acting on a person and having alternating values that change in a very short period of time are factors that negatively affect a person and can lead to damage.
  • the present invention is aimed at solving the technical problem of improving the device in terms of forming a non-linear elastic characteristic of the damping of the damping system, which provides an effective quenching of kinetic energy and a decrease in reactive return action from gas-filled tori of the pneumatic frame.
  • the technical result achieved in this case is to increase operational qualities while simplifying the device, increasing the safety of use and reducing injuries.
  • the device for emergency descent of a person from a high-altitude object containing a satchel with means for fastening it on the back of the person being saved and a part adjacent to the back of this person, is made in the form of a supporting element, and an inflatable frame is placed inside the satchel, including an inflatable toroidal chamber associated with inflatable spokes, which are connected with the upper toroidal chamber of a cylindrical inflatable structure, composed of one above another placed toroidal on inflatable chambers with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the first of the mentioned inflatable chambers, for the formation of a cone-shaped brake screen, while the supporting inflatable toroidal chamber of a smaller diameter is attached a knapsack element, as well as a gas source for inflatable toroidal chambers, it is also equipped with a cylindrical chamber inflatable to atmospheric pressure with openings for bleeding off excess pressure at the time of landing, located inside a cavity formed by a cylindrical arrangement of inflatable toroidal chambers of smaller diameter and sealed from the opposite side toroidal chamber of
  • the damper device for the emergency descent of a person from a high-altitude object is a cylinder-shaped chamber inflated to atmospheric pressure with holes for bleeding off excess pressure when it is loaded with an external force, while this cylinder-shaped chamber is placed under the supporting element, to to which the rescued person is attached, and attached to the inflatable chambers of the device for emergency descent of a person from a high-altitude object.
  • the specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the damper device, the cylinder-shaped chamber is made divided into at least two cavities, each of which is connected with the atmosphere.
  • the specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the damper device a cylindrical chamber divided into at least two cavities that are interconnected and one of which communicates with the atmosphere.
  • the supporting structure of the satchel for the device for emergency descent of a person from a high-altitude object is a satchel wall made in the form of an anatomical tool tray in the shape of the back of a person, attached to a person and by means of explosive elements to inflatable chambers of the device for emergency descent of a person from a high-rise object.
  • the specified technical result is achieved in that the inflatable chamber filling system of the emergency man descent device from a high-altitude object is simultaneously manually activated gas generators, each of which is placed in the corresponding cavity of the inflatable chamber.
  • the specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the inflatable chamber filling system of the emergency man descent device, at least one of the spokes has a gas generator connecting two chambers isolated from the volume of other inflatable chambers and spokes.
  • the indicated features for each object are significant and interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to achieve the specified technical result.
  • the present invention is illustrated by a specific example, which, however, is not the only possible, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the above set of features of the required technical result.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of a device for emergency descent of a person from a high-altitude object;
  • FIG. 2 is the same as in FIG. 1, side view;
  • FIG. 3 is a first embodiment of a cylinder-shaped chamber;
  • FIG. 4 - a second embodiment of a cylinder-shaped chamber;
  • FIG. 6 is a view of a tool tray for placing a person.
  • a device for the emergency descent of a person from a high-altitude object which contains a satchel with means for securing it on the back of the person being saved and the part of which is adjacent to the back of this person is made in the form of a supporting element and inside which an inflatable frame is placed.
  • the specified frame includes an inflatable toroidal
  • the device also contains
  • damper device in the form of a cylinder-shaped chamber inflatable to atmospheric pressure with calibrated openings for venting excess pressure at the time of landing.
  • This chamber is located inside the cavity i formed by the cylindrical arrangement of inflatable zooboroid chambers of smaller diameter. From the bottom, this
  • the chamber of the damper device can be made divided into at least two cavities, each of which communicates with the atmosphere through a separate calibrated hole. Separated cavities can communicate with each other, and one of which communicates with the atmosphere.
  • the supporting element of the knapsack is made in the form of an anatomical tool tray in the shape of a human back, attached to the upper inflatable toroidal chamber of smaller diameter with ribbons made with the possibility of delamination or separation along the length into equal strength parts under load.
  • the support structure of a satchel for an emergency descent device for a person from a high-altitude object is a satchel wall made in the form of an anatomical tool tray in the shape of a human back, attached to a person and by means of explosive elements to inflatable chambers of the emergency descent device from a high-altitude object.
  • the gas source for inflatable toroidal chambers is made in the form of simultaneously activated manually generated gas generators located in the cavities of each isolated volume of inflatable chambers and spokes.
  • the inflatable chamber filling system of the emergency man descent device from a high-altitude object is simultaneously manually activated gas generators, each of which is placed in the corresponding cavity of the inflatable chamber and the spokes connecting these chambers, isolated from the volume of other inflatable chambers and spokes.
  • NTU inflatable braking device
  • NTU 15 rescue (Fig. 1, 2) and is intended to create a form for the device and provide the estimated speed of descent and landing.
  • NTU consists of two cascades: the main 1 (ONTU), which has the shape of “well”, and the additional 2 (DNTU), which has the shape of a truncated cone. In the inflated, expanded configuration
  • the device has the shape of a conical-cylindrical hollow body, is aerodynamically stable and self-orientating in flight, so that it will constantly have a tendency to descend in the “downhill” direction.
  • the main 1 and additional cascades 2 are connected
  • DNTU is designed to provide effective aerodynamic drag, consists of an upper torus 4, to which spokes 3 are attached, which are connected to the volume of the upper torus. The lower part of the spokes is attached to the power torus 5 ONTU.
  • the spokes are made in the form of inflatable shells, which can be connected by cavities with cavities of tori 4 and 5 or have an independent internal volume, i.e., an isolated volume.
  • ONTU has the shape of a “well” formed by tori 6, interconnected along a generatrix and connected to a power torus 5.
  • the lower torus 6 is closed by an airtight membrane 7.
  • discontinuous elements 8 are attached, to the other end of which a lodgement 9 is attached.
  • the explosive elements provide the extinguishing of a part of the kinetic energy of the person being saved at the moment the NTU touches the ground. rileganiya to the man's back.
  • the satchel is equipped with means for attaching it to the back of the person being saved 10.
  • the satchel itself is not shown, it can be of the same design as described in RU NQ 2288758.
  • the person 10 is placed in the lodgement 9 of the View A.
  • the man is attracted by the attachment system to the lodgement with his back.
  • the lodgement is part of a satchel in the form of which NTU with all its systems is laid.
  • the lodgement has an anatomical shape of the human back, to ensure uniform pressure at the time of landing.
  • the lodgement is designed to accommodate a person during the flight in a lying position and its fixation. A man is attracted by a tethered system to the lodgement with his back.
  • a damping bag 11 made of durable airtight material.
  • the bag has the shape of a cylinder with bottoms.
  • the bag has calibrated holes 13 to relieve excess pressure at the time of landing.
  • the bag with the help of stretch marks is attached to the inner part of the ONTU and the upper part to the lodgement.
  • NTU When NTU is filled with gas, the bag unfolds and is filled with air to atmospheric pressure.
  • the inertial mass of a person presses on the bag through the lodgement, creating excessive pressure in it, which ensures the extinguishment of part of the kinetic energy of the person being saved when the NTU touches the ground.
  • the damping bag 11 can be divided into the cavities of FIG.
  • the cavities of the damping bag 11 can communicate with each other by the openings 13 according to the circuit shown in FIG. 4, one of which communicates with the atmosphere.
  • the device is made with a shock absorption system (damping system of the device) designed to reduce shock loads to a safe level.
  • the damping system of the device consists of two elements: discontinuous elements 8 and a damping bag 11.
  • the discontinuous elements are tapes that, when loaded, delaminate or separate along length of two equally strong parts, while extinguishing kinetic energy. Explosive elements can be performed by a variable breaking strength. Such discontinuous elements increase the range of quenching of kinetic energy from a small person to a large weight.
  • the damping bag can be made in several ways.
  • the first one is single-volume with calibrated holes for use in the entire range of salvage weights person.
  • the second is a lot of horizontal sections with different calibrated with holes in sections.
  • a multi-section bag provides a lower damping height with a large weight of a person.
  • the gas filling system is designed to deploy and create excess pressure in NTU.
  • the NTU gas filling system consists of individual cold gas generators 12 installed in each closed volume. This approach allows you to abandon the supply pipelines, which when laying NTU in the form of a satchel increase its volume.
  • Each gas generator is activated manually. The activation process can be mechanical, electrical or electromechanical, but the main thing is happening simultaneously for all gas generators.
  • the design solution of both the gas generator itself and its activation systems are not considered in the framework of this application, since they relate to known means.
  • the boost and deployment process should be fast.
  • the total time required to deploy the device rolled up and packaged in the shape of the device, activation of the gas generator and full boost of the NTU should not exceed 10 seconds.
  • the principle of operation of the device is to quench the kinetic energy of the person being saved in the process of lowering it to the ground.
  • the satchel with the supporting element is mounted on the back of the person being saved 10.
  • the man is placed in a sitting or standing position on the platform or in the opening of a tall object so that his back with the satchel is facing into free space outside the object.
  • the rescued person or someone else drives a gas source (a system of gas generators located in each isolated cavity). During the descent, the device stabilizes and lands approximately horizontally.
  • the landing gondola ONTU which has an internally located bag 11
  • the kinetic energy of the descent person is extinguished by bleeding air from the cavity of the bag 11 through calibrated holes.
  • the quenching of kinetic energy is supplemented by deformation of the ONTU tori. If the limit values of the loads are exceeded, separation or separation along the length into two equally strong parts of the tapes of the discontinuous elements occurs. With such a parallel combined process of depreciation, nonlinear quenching of the kinetic energy of the landing person occurs.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif destiné au sauvetage d'individus dans des situations d'urgence. Ce dispositif comprend un sac pourvu d'éléments permettant de le fixer au dos de l'individu faisant l'objet du sauvetage, lequel sac comporte une partie se présentant sous la forme d'un logement et contient une structure gonflable composée d'une chambre toroïdale gonflable reliée à des rayons gonflables eux-mêmes reliés à une chambre toroïdale supérieure d'une structure gonflable cylindrique formée de chambres gonflables toroïdales superposées dont le diamètre est inférieur à celui de la première chambre gonflable susmentionnée de façon qu'on obtienne un écran de freinage conique. Ce dispositif comprend également une chambre cylindrique pouvant être gonflée à pression atmosphérique et comportant des orifices permettant de libérer l'excès de pression lors de l'atterrissage. Le logement est fixé à la chambre gonflable toroïdale supérieure de petit diamètre au moyen de bandes. La source de gaz des chambres gonflables toroïdales se présente sous la forme de générateurs de gaz qui peuvent être simultanément actionnés manuellement et qui sont placés dans les cavités de chaque volume isolé des chambres et des rayons gonflables.
PCT/RU2007/000393 2007-04-16 2007-07-20 Dispositif permettant d'évacuer d'urgence un individu d'un objet situé en hauteur, mécanisme amortisseur de ce dispositif, structure d'appui d'un sac de ce dispositif et système de remplissage d'une chambre gonflable de ce dispositif WO2008127143A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2007114140 2007-04-16
RU2007114140 2007-04-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008127143A1 true WO2008127143A1 (fr) 2008-10-23

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012112078A3 (fr) * 2011-02-15 2013-07-18 Obschestvo S Ogranichennoi Otvetstvennostyu "Kosmicheskie Sistemy Spaseniya" Dispositif et procédé de sauvetage à partir d'une installation de grande hauteur
US20140378556A1 (en) * 2009-12-15 2014-12-25 73100- Setenta E Tres Mil E Cem, Lda. Fucose-containing bacterial biopolymer
RU2616099C1 (ru) * 2016-04-27 2017-04-12 Николай Иванович Кузин Десантное устройство
RU180509U1 (ru) * 2017-06-19 2018-06-14 Галина Владимировна Пудкова Десантное эвакуационное устройство
CN115607863A (zh) * 2022-08-25 2023-01-17 王相友 一种高楼逃生***

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SU612679A1 (ru) * 1975-02-04 1978-06-30 Московский Технологический Институт Легкой Промышленности Надувной манекен
US5944282A (en) * 1995-03-15 1999-08-31 Stn Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Landing shock absorber
RU2224564C2 (ru) * 2001-06-14 2004-02-27 Петухов Николай Николаевич Способ спасения объектов в жидкой, газообразной и вакуумной средах и устройство для его осуществления
RU2003124165A (ru) * 2003-08-05 2005-02-27 Игорь Петрович Зайцев (RU) Способ и устройство аварийного спуска человека с высотного объекта

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU612679A1 (ru) * 1975-02-04 1978-06-30 Московский Технологический Институт Легкой Промышленности Надувной манекен
US5944282A (en) * 1995-03-15 1999-08-31 Stn Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Landing shock absorber
RU2224564C2 (ru) * 2001-06-14 2004-02-27 Петухов Николай Николаевич Способ спасения объектов в жидкой, газообразной и вакуумной средах и устройство для его осуществления
RU2003124165A (ru) * 2003-08-05 2005-02-27 Игорь Петрович Зайцев (RU) Способ и устройство аварийного спуска человека с высотного объекта

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140378556A1 (en) * 2009-12-15 2014-12-25 73100- Setenta E Tres Mil E Cem, Lda. Fucose-containing bacterial biopolymer
US9624313B2 (en) * 2009-12-15 2017-04-18 73100-Setenta E Tres Mil E CEM, LDA Fucose-containing bacterial biopolymer
WO2012112078A3 (fr) * 2011-02-15 2013-07-18 Obschestvo S Ogranichennoi Otvetstvennostyu "Kosmicheskie Sistemy Spaseniya" Dispositif et procédé de sauvetage à partir d'une installation de grande hauteur
CN103379940A (zh) * 2011-02-15 2013-10-30 节省空间***有限责任公司 用于从高层设施实施救援的装置和方法
JP2014505560A (ja) * 2011-02-15 2014-03-06 オブチェストヴォ・エス・オグラニチェノイ・オトヴェトストヴェノステュ・“コスミチェスキ・システミイ・スパセニヤ” 高層施設から救出する装置及び方法
US20150108277A1 (en) * 2011-02-15 2015-04-23 Obschestvo S Ogranichennoi Otvetstvennostyu "Kosmicheskie Sistemy Spaseniya" Device and method for rescuing from a high-rise facility
CN103379940B (zh) * 2011-02-15 2015-06-24 节省空间***有限责任公司 用于从高层设施实施救援的装置和方法
US9132298B2 (en) * 2011-02-15 2015-09-15 Ooo “Kosmicheskie Sistemy Spaseniya” Device and method for rescuing from a high-rise facility
RU2616099C1 (ru) * 2016-04-27 2017-04-12 Николай Иванович Кузин Десантное устройство
RU180509U1 (ru) * 2017-06-19 2018-06-14 Галина Владимировна Пудкова Десантное эвакуационное устройство
CN115607863A (zh) * 2022-08-25 2023-01-17 王相友 一种高楼逃生***

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