WO2008101390A1 - Procédé et équipement spécial convertissant l'énergie éolienne à haute altitude en énergie cinétique sur le sol - Google Patents

Procédé et équipement spécial convertissant l'énergie éolienne à haute altitude en énergie cinétique sur le sol Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008101390A1
WO2008101390A1 PCT/CN2008/000255 CN2008000255W WO2008101390A1 WO 2008101390 A1 WO2008101390 A1 WO 2008101390A1 CN 2008000255 W CN2008000255 W CN 2008000255W WO 2008101390 A1 WO2008101390 A1 WO 2008101390A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind
wheel
energy
traction
ground
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Application number
PCT/CN2008/000255
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fuli Li
Original Assignee
Fuli Li
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuli Li filed Critical Fuli Li
Publication of WO2008101390A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008101390A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/10—Transmission of mechanical power using gearing not limited to rotary motion, e.g. with oscillating or reciprocating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/12—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing kinetic energy, e.g. using flywheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H29/00—Drive mechanisms for toys in general
    • A63H29/10—Driving mechanisms actuated by flowing media
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H33/00—Other toys
    • A63H33/40—Windmills; Other toys actuated by air currents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/213—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Savonius type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/221—Rotors for wind turbines with horizontal axis
    • F05B2240/2212—Rotors for wind turbines with horizontal axis perpendicular to wind direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/40—Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/92—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on an airbourne structure
    • F05B2240/921—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on an airbourne structure kept aloft due to aerodynamic effects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of utilizing wind energy, and more particularly to a method of obtaining high-altitude wind energy using a flywheel that can be released and a dedicated device thereof.
  • the wind at high altitude is much stronger than the wind on the ground, and it is very stable. It is the direction of wind energy utilization technology to supply energy to high altitude.
  • Currently known wind power installations can only be erected on the ground or lifted into the air through a high tower. In order to capture more wind energy, the existing wind power technology only tries to increase the height of the tower.
  • the lift height is very limited, and the highest wind turbine is also It is only about 100 meters.
  • the development of high-altitude wind energy equipment using traditional wind power technology is costly and difficult.
  • Another difficulty is to allow the wind wheel to stay stably under strong winds at high altitude.
  • the tower wind equipment is used to achieve this through the tower.
  • the wind turbine generated by the kite can't find the support after it is released into the air. Therefore, the support can only be solved by the wind wheel itself. That is to say, the wind wheel needs to have a lift that allows itself to stay in the air while rotating. In order to complete the process of capturing wind energy in the air.
  • Another difficulty is the transmission of captured wind energy, if the generator is raised into the air, even if it is not considered
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-altitude wind energy utilization method and a special device thereof which can conveniently obtain high-altitude wind energy and convert it into ground kinetic energy, and the device is widely used and low in cost.
  • the method provided by the present invention is as follows: A method for converting high-altitude wind energy into ground kinetic energy, characterized in that the process is as follows:
  • the lower drive wheel outputs its rotational energy as ground kinetic energy.
  • the utility model provides a special transmission device for realizing a method for converting high-altitude wind energy into ground kinetic energy, which comprises a wind energy capturing mechanism and a wind energy transmission mechanism, wherein the wind energy capturing mechanism comprises a pneumatic device with a central axis horizontally arranged, and the wind energy transmission mechanism comprises an upper transmission wheel, The lower transmission wheel and the traction belt or the training set between the upper and lower transmission wheels are connected coaxially with the air moving device, the lower transmission wheel is arranged on the base body, and the output shaft of the lower transmission wheel is connected with the load device.
  • the air moving device is a single wind wheel or a wind wheel set formed by connecting a plurality of wind wheels.
  • the axial section of the rotor is of the "S" type.
  • the wind wheel is provided with a plurality of support pieces parallel to each other in the axial direction.
  • Each of the wind wheels of the wind wheel set is provided with pulleys on both axial sides thereof, and adjacent wind wheels are connected into a wind wheel string through a connecting transmission belt set on the pulley.
  • the upper portion of the pneumatic device is coupled to the towing kite.
  • the air moving device is provided with a traction frame coaxially movably connected, and the traction wire of the traction kite is fixed on the traction frame.
  • An auxiliary pull wire is arranged on the traction line near the traction frame to facilitate the retraction of the air moving device.
  • both ends of the pneumatic device are provided with balance means for coaxially movable connection.
  • the balance device is provided with horizontal and vertical wings that oscillate under the action of wind.
  • the lower transmission wheel is mounted on a workbench, and a center of the worktable is provided with a sleeve, and the sleeve is set on the central shaft, so that the lower transmission wheel can rotate together with the worktable , automatically adjust the direction with the change of the wind direction, so that the main and lower transmission wheels and the traction belt or practice always maintain a straight line.
  • the lower transmission wheel is composed of a plurality of runners of different diameters and is mounted on the workbench through a bracket to facilitate adjustment of the output speed of the entire wind energy installation.
  • the present invention adopts a pneumatic device to capture wind energy, and its sectional structure is s-shaped, which is composed of two types of cylindrical blades whose axes are staggered and approximately semicircular.
  • the wind wheel When the wind wheel is horizontally placed, the wind makes the wind When the wheel turns up, it produces a rising force.
  • the invention adds a top 3 ⁇ 4 moving wheel to the wind wheel.
  • the S-shaped wind wheel drives the upper driving wheel to rotate, so the wind moving device captures the wind energy and also provides a very beneficial system.
  • This lifting ⁇ ensures that the pneumatic device itself does not fall, and also pulls the traction belt or transmission through the upper transmission wheel and the lower transmission wheel mounted on the ground, and transmits the rotational force from the high altitude to the ground, the corresponding load Equipment such as generators can be attached to the lower drive wheel on the ground.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the operation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the air moving device.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the A-A of the air moving device.
  • the traction kite 2 the end shaft 3 of the wind wheel, the traction line 4, the traction frame 5, the support piece 6, 8.
  • the pneumatic device of the present invention adopts a cylindrical wind wheel, and its sectional structure is S-shaped, which is composed of two kinds of cylindrical blades whose axes are shifted by approximately semicircles.
  • the wind wheel is used in the past. It is mounted vertically on the ground and is called the Savonius Tpye vertical axis wind turbine. Because of its relatively low efficiency, it also generates an asymmetrical swirling airflow around the wind wheel during rotation, resulting in a lateral thrust at the position of the shaft. This lateral force increases with the increase of the speed, for the operation of large wind turbines. There is a great danger.
  • such a cylindrical wind wheel is horizontally placed.
  • each of the rotor 8 can be joined in pairs with each other, 7, 20 central fan rotor
  • the support piece 5 is designed to increase the strength of the wind wheel.
  • a balancing device 9 with the shaft 2 as the center of the movable connection can be added to each of the wind wheels, and the balancing device 9 is provided with a level 11 which can be swung with the wind.
  • the horizontal wing 11 puts the balancing device 9 in an approximately horizontal state, and the vertical wing 10 allows the wind wheels to maintain the right wind, so as to reduce the left and right swinging and tilting of the wind wheels 20, 7, 21.
  • the transmission process is carried out by means of a transmission wheel, which is transmitted to the lower transmission wheel of the ground through the upper transmission wheel and the traction transmission belt.
  • the traction drive has two functions, one is the traction rope function as the air moving device, and the other is the function of the transmission belt.
  • the upward traction force of the pneumatic device keeps enough tension between the upper and lower transmission wheels and each pulley. Degree, so that each rotating part can work normally.
  • the lower transmission wheel 18 is mounted on the table 15 via a rotating shaft 13 and a bracket 14.
  • the center of the table 15 is provided with a sleeve 16, which is fixed to the ground, and the sleeve 16 and the central shaft 17 are provided. Rotate the fit.
  • the lower transmission wheel 18 is installed at the center _
  • the shaft 17 rotates an eccentric position on table 15.
  • the uploading wheel 12 is coaxially disposed in the middle of the wind wheel 21, and the uploading moving wheel 12 is connected to the lower transmission belt and the training 19 .
  • the table 15 can rotate with the center shaft 17 as the center under the traction of the traction belt and the trainer 19, so that the upper and lower transmission wheels 12 and 18 are always in a corresponding straight line state, and the automatic adaptation is achieved.
  • the purpose of the wind Since the axes of the respective transmission wheels are horizontally arranged, the tangential force generated when the transmission wheel rotates does not affect the operation of the wind wheel.
  • the pneumatic device of the present invention can also use a single wind wheel, and the wind energy drives the wind wheel 21 to rotate while directly driving the upper transmission wheel 12 to rotate.
  • a string type wind wheel as shown in FIG. 1 that is, a wind wheel string
  • the rotational moments obtained by the wind wheels 7, 20 are transmitted to the transmission wheel 12 via the pulleys 22 at both ends and the connecting belts 6, 8 and the wind wheel 21.
  • the chain 19 drives the lower transmission wheel 18 to rotate, thereby completing the process of capturing energy from the high altitude and then transmitting it to the ground.
  • the load device mounted on the table 15 can be connected to the lower transmission wheel 18 via a shifting gear, or directly to the shaft 13 ⁇ of the transmission wheel 18.
  • the traction line 3 of the upper traction kite 1 is fixed on the traction frame 4, and the end of the traction frame 4 has a shaft hole corresponding to the rotating shaft 2 ⁇ at both ends of the wind wheel 20, and the wind wheel 20 is freely rotatable in the traction frame 4.
  • the metal chain should be selected as much as possible. Because the metal chain is relatively heavy, and the metal chain is electrically conductive, it is easy to cause lightning accidents. Therefore, the metal transmission chain is only suitable for low-altitude use.
  • an auxiliary pull wire may be connected to the traction line 3 near the traction frame 4, and the traction wire of the drawing kite 1 is tightened by the traction frame 4 At the same time, the pull line is gradually released, so that the entire wind string rises slowly.
  • the pull line is gradually withdrawn to avoid damage to the wind wheels 7, 20, 21 during the release and retraction process.
  • the auxiliary cable should be relaxed at this time, but it must be fixed at an appropriate position to prevent the transmission belt of each wind wheel from coming off or breaking, causing the entire kite to be blown away by the wind. occur.
  • the traction kite 1 and the wind turbines 7, 20, 21 should avoid the use of soft fabric, and should be made of glass fiber reinforced plastic and carbon fiber.
  • the lower transmission wheel 18 can be combined by a plurality of runners of different diameters to facilitate adjustment of the output speed of the wind energy installation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Description

高空风能转化成地面动能的方法及其专用装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种风能利用方法，特别是一种使用可放飞的风轮来获得高 空风能的方法以及其专用装置。
背景技术
高空的风力远比在地面风强许多倍， 而且很稳定， 向高空要能源已是 风能利用技术的努力方向。 目前公知的风力设备只能架设在地面或通过高 塔将风轮升至空中。 现有的风电技术为了获捕更大的风能， 只是尽力增加 塔架高度， 但由于受到成本和制造水平及安全 （防大风） 等诸多条件的制 约， 升空高度十分有限， 最高的风轮也只是在百米左右， 利用传统风电技 术开发高空风能设备制造成本较高， 且难度很大。
国外曾提出了多种利用风筝捕获高空风能的方法， 如让风筝的牵引绳 做往复运动的方式， 把风轮及发电机同时放飞到空中的方式等， 但都未见 到实际应用实例。 因为目前开发风能技术， 主要还有以下几个不易解决的 问题： 一个是如何把很大的风轮放飞到空中， 我们知道， 捕获风能量与风 轮的大小是成正比的， 想获得大量的风能， 就必须要大的风轮， 把一个扫 风面积几百甚至上千平方米的凤轮放飞到空中其难度会很大。 另一个困难 是让风轮能够在高空强风下稳定停留， 常规风轮在转动时必然要有一个与 风力方向相反的力来保证风轮稳定工作， 塔架式风力设备是通过塔架来达 到这一目的的。 而风筝发电的风轮放飞到空中后无法找到支撑物， 所以， 解决这个支持力只能靠风轮本身， 也就是说， 风轮在转动的同时还需要有 一个能让自己停留在空中的升力， 才能完成在空中捕获风能的过程。 还有 一个难点是捕获的风能的传输问题， 如果把发电机升到空中， 即便不考虑
确认本 如何让上千公斤发电机设备在高空飓风中稳定停留， 仅从能量传输的角度 来看就很困难， 因雷电电压 万伏， 如何保证发电机和导线绝 : 缘就是一个棘手的事情。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可方便的获取高空风能，并将其转化成地面动 能的高空风能利用方法及其专用装置， 且该装置应用广泛、 造价低廉。
本发明所提供的方法是这样的： 一种高空风能转化成地面动能的方法， 其特征在于该过程如下：
(a)将风动装置升至高空；
(b) 风动装置在风力作用下转动；
(c) 与风动装置相连接的上传动轮随风动装置一起转动；
(d)上传动轮的转动能量经与上传动轮相配合的牵引传动带或练传至地面 的下传动轮；
( e ) 下传动轮将其转动能量输出为地面动能。
本发明所提供的实现高空风能转化成地面动能方法的专用传输装置， 其包括风能捕获机构和风能传输机构， 所述风能捕获机构包括中心轴水平 设置的风动装置， 风能传输机构包括上传动轮、 下传动轮以及套装在上、 下传动轮之间的牵引传动带或练， 上传动轮与风动装置同轴连接， 下传动 轮设在基体上， 下传动轮的输出轴与负载设备相连接。
所述风动装置为单个风轮或由多个风轮连接而成的风轮组。
所述风轮的轴向截面为 "S "型。
为了增加风轮的强度， 所述风轮的轴向设有多个相互平行的支撑片。 所述风轮组的各个风轮的轴向两侧设有带轮， 相邻风轮通过套装在带轮 上的连接传动带连接成风轮串。
作为本发明的进一步改进， 所述风动装置的上部与牵引风筝相连接。 所述风动装置上设有同轴活动连接的牵引架， 所述牵引风筝的牵引线固 定在牵引架上。 所述牵引线上在靠近牵引架的位置设有辅助拉线， 以方便风动装置的 收放。
作为本发明的另一个改进， 所逑风动装置的两端设有同轴活动连接的 平衡装置。
所述平衡装置上设有在风力作用下摆动的水平翼和垂直翼。
作为本发明的更进一步改进， 所述下传动轮装设在工作台上， 工作台 的中心设有轴套， 所述轴套套装在中心轴上， 因此使得下传动轮可以随工 作台一起转动， 随风向的改变而自动调节方向， 使得主、 下传动轮以及牵 引传动带或练始终保持直线状态。
所述下传动轮由多个不同直径的转轮组合而成， 并通过支架安装在工 作台上， 以方便调整整套风能设备的输出转速。 > 综上所述， 本发明中采用风动装置捕获风能， 它的断面结构是 s型， 是由两个轴线错开近似半圆的柱型叶片组成， 当把这种风轮水平放置， 风力使风轮朝上转动时， 便产生向上升的力。 本发明在风轮上加装了上 ¾ 动轮， 当风力使风动装置升至高空时， S型风轮带动上传动轮转动， 因此 风动装置在捕获风能的同时， 也为***提供 非常有益的升力。 这个升^^ 在保证风动装置本身不会落下的同时， 还通过上传动轮及安装在地面的下 传动轮将牵引传动带或传动练拉紧， 并把旋转力由高空传送到地面， 相应 的负荷设备如发电机等可连接在地面的下传动轮上。
采用上述方案，大大降低 T风力设备的制造和运行成本，有效的利用了 高空风能。
附图说明
以下结合说明书附图对本发明作详细的说明。
图 1是本发明工作示意图。
图 2是风动装置的局部剖视示意图。
图 3是风动装置的 A— A剖视示图。
图中 1、牵引风筝 2、风轮端轴 3、牵引线 4、牵引架 5、支撑片 6、 8、 连接传动带 7、 20、 21、 风轮 9、 平衡装置 10、 垂直翼 11、 水 平翼 12、上传动轮 13、转动轴 14、::支架' 15、 工作台 16、轴套 17、 中心轴 18、 下传动轮 19、 牵引传动带、 练 22 、 带轮
具体实施方式
本发明中的风动装置采用筒状的风轮， 它的断面结构是 S形， 是由两 个轴线错开近似半圆的柱型叶片组成， 如图 3所示， 这种风轮在以往使用 中是垂直安装于地面， 称为萨窝纽斯 (Savonius Tpye)式垂直轴风力机。 由 于它的效率相对较低， 在转动时还会围绕风轮产生不对称旋转气流， 致使 转轴位置出现一个侧向推力， 这个侧向力随着转速的增高而加大， 对于大 型风力机的运行有很大的危害。 本发明中把这种筒状风轮水平放置， 当风 力使风轮朝上转动时， 根据伯努利定理， 这个有害的侧向推力就变成了向 上的力， 即成为了有益升力。 '; 在图 1中， 风轮 20、 7、 21的轴向 端装有带轮 22， 通过与带轮 22相 应传动带 6、 8可使各风轮两两相互连接， 风轮 7、 20中间的支撑片 5是为 了增加风轮的强度而设计的。 为了保证各风轮在强风时也能稳定工作， 可 在每个风轮上加装以轴 2为圆心活动连接的平衡装置 9，平衡装置 9上设有 ^ 可以随风摆动的水平己 11和垂直翼 10。 在风力的作用下， 水平翼 11使平 衡装置 9处于近似水平的状态， 垂直翼 10可让各风轮保持正对来风， 以减 少风轮 20、 7、 21发生左右摆动及倾斜的情况。
本发明中采用了传动轮的方式完成能量传输过程，它是通过上传动轮及 牵引传动带传送到地面的下传动轮上。 牵引传动带有两个作用， 一是作为 风动装置的牵引绳功能， 另一个是传动带的功能， 工作时， 风动装置向上 的牵引力使上、 下传动轮及各带轮间保持足够的张紧度， 使各转动部位能 正常工作。
如附图 1所示， 下传动轮 18通过转动轴 13、 支架 14安装在工作台 15 上， 工作台 15的中心设有轴套 16， 中心轴 17固定在地面， 轴套 16与中心 轴 17旋转配合。 为了保证在风中稳定运转， 下传动轮 18安装在能以中心 _轴 17转动的工作台 15偏心位置上。 上传动轮 12同轴装设在风轮 21的中 部， 上传动轮 12与下传动 传动带、 练 19连接。 当风向 变化时， 工作台 15可在牵引传动带、 练' 19的牵引下以中心轴 17为圆心随 风转动， 使上、 下传动轮 12、 18始终保持相对应的直线状态， 达到了自动 适应风向的目的。 由于各传动轮的轴线均水平设置， 所以传动轮在转动时 产生的切向力不会影响风轮的工作。
本发明的风动装置也可以使用单个风轮， 风能驱动风轮 21转动的同时 直接驱动上传动轮 12转动。 如使用如附图 1所示的串式风轮， 即风轮串， 风轮 7、 20获得的转动力矩需经两端的带轮 22及连接传动带 6、 8和风轮 21传递到 传动轮 12上。 通过与上传动轮 12相配合， 具有牵引和传输动 力两个功能的牵引传动带、 链 19带动下传动轮 18转动， 从而完成了从高 空捕获能量， 再传送至地面的过程。 安装在工作台 15上的负荷设备可通过 变速齿轮与下传动轮 18相连接， 也可直接连在与传动轮 18—体的转轴 13§ 上。 '； 在地面的风力较弱时， 单独放飞体积和重量相对较大的风轮会有一定 的困难， 这时可通过图 1中上部的牵引风筝 1来完成。 上部牵引风筝 1的 牵引线 3固定在牵引架 4上， 牵引架 4的端部有与风轮 20两端的转轴 2枏 对应的轴孔， 风轮 20可在牵引架 4中自由转动。 初始放飞时， 先把相对小 型且容易放飞的牵引风筝 1放飞到高空，借助高空较大的风力，再将风轮 7、
20、 21拉升到能够正常运转的高度，牵引绳 3的长度要根据风力情况确定。 在风力较大且稳定的风场可以省去牵引风筝 1。为了方便制作与放飞，牵引 及风能捕获风筝都宜选用串式， 其组合数量可以根据风力机的功率确定， 单个或由几十个甚至更多的组合均可。 选择牵引传动带、 练 19的时候， 应 尽可能不选金属链， 因金属链相对较重， 而且金属链有导电性易引发雷电 事故， 所以金属传动链只适于低空使用。
实际应用中， 为了便于风轮 7、 20、 21的收放， 可在牵引线 3上靠近牵 引架 4的位置再连接一条辅 拉线， 当牵引风筝 1的牵引线拉紧牵引架 4 —的时候， 这一拉线逐步放出， 使整个风 串慢慢升起， 在收回牵引风筝 1 时则将拉线逐步收回， 避免放飞和收回过程中损坏风轮 7、 20、 21。 当各风 轮正常转动进入工作状态后， 这时的辅助拉线应放松， 但仍要在适当的位 置加以固定， 以防止各风轮的传动连接带脱出或断裂导致整个风筝被风吹 走的事故发生。
由于高空的风力有时会非常大，为了增加风能设备的机械强度，牵引风 筝 1及风轮 7、 20、 21均应避免使用软织物， 宜选用玻璃钢和碳纤维。 为 了适应不同的风力， 下传动轮 18可以由多个不同直径的转轮组合而成， 以 方便调整风能设备的输出转速。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种高空风能转化成地面动能的方法， 其特征在于该过程如下：
(a) 将风动装置升至高空；
( b ) 风动装置在风力作用下转动；
( c ) 与风动装置相连接的上传动轮随风动装置一起转动；
( d )上传动轮的转动能量经与上传动轮相配合的牵引传动带、 练传至地面 的下传动轮；
( e ) 下传动轮将其转动能量输出为地面动能。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述高空风能转化成地面动能的方法， 其特征在 于： 所述风动装置由牵引风筝提升到高空。
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述高空风能转化成地面动能的方法， 其特征在 于： 所述风动装置由多个水平设置的风轮及风轮两侧的带轮、 通过连接 传动带连接成风轮串。
4.一种用于权利要求 1所述高空风能转化成地面动能方法的专用装置， 其特征在于： 包括风能捕获机构和风能传输机构， 所述风能捕获机构包括 中心轴水平设置的风动装置， 风能传输机构包括上传动轮、 下传动轮以及 套装在上、 下传动轮之间的牵引传动带或练， 上传动轮与风动装置同轴连 接， 下传动轮设在地面工作台上， 下传动轮的输出轴与负载设备相连接。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的专用装置， 其特征在于： 所述风动装置为单 个风轮或由多个风轮连接而成的风轮组。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的专用装置， 其特征在于： 所述风轮组的各个 风轮的轴向两侧设有带轮， 相邻风轮通过套装在带轮上的连接传动带连接 成风轮串。
7. 根据权利要求 4至 6任一项所述的专用装置， 其特征在于： 所述风 动装置的上部与牵引风筝相连接。 更正页 （刼 ¾第 91奈)
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的专用装置， 其特征在于： 所述风动装置上设 有同轴活动连接的牵引架， 所述牵引风筝的牵引线固定在牵引架上。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的专用装置， 其特征在于： 所述牵引线上在靠 近牵引架的位置设有辅助拉线。
10. 根据权利要求 4至 6任一项所述的专用装置， 其特征在于： 所述 风动装置的两端设有同轴活动连接的平衡装置。
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的专用装置， 其特征在于： 所述平衡装置上 设有在风力作用下摆动的水平翼和垂直翼。
12. 根据权利要求 4至 6任一项所述的专用装置， 其特征在于： 所述 下传动轮装设在工作台上， 工作台的中心设有轴套， 所述轴套套装在中心 轴上。
13. 根据权利要求 12所述的专用装置， 其特征在于： 所述下传动轮由 多个不同直径的转轮组合而成， 并通过支架安装在工作台上。
更正页（细则第 91奈)
PCT/CN2008/000255 2007-02-12 2008-02-01 Procédé et équipement spécial convertissant l'énergie éolienne à haute altitude en énergie cinétique sur le sol WO2008101390A1 (fr)

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