WO2008077316A1

WO2008077316A1 - Beam pumping unit with a suspended-weight balance mechanism

Info

Publication number: WO2008077316A1
Application number: PCT/CN2007/003735
Authority: WO
Inventors: Fan Yang; Ronghui Yang; Ruosong Yang
Original assignee: Fan Yang; Ronghui Yang; Ruosong Yang
Priority date: 2006-12-22
Filing date: 2007-12-21
Publication date: 2008-07-03
Also published as: CN101059071A; CN101059071B

Abstract

A beam pumping unit with a suspended-weight balance mechanism comprises a frame (2), a bracket (12), a suspended-weight balance pulley block (13, 14), a wireline (15), a beam (4) and a driving mechanism. The beam and the driving mechanism are the front-mounted type. The wireline (15) is a rubber belt with steel wire ropes. The pumping unit has many advantages, such as longer working life, longer stroke, energy saving and so on.

Description

吊重平衡游梁式抽油机技术领域 Hoisting and balancing beam pumping unit

本发明是针对目前采油工程中在用抽油机的高耗能问题而研发出的一种高效节电、安全耐用抽油机。 The invention is an efficient energy-saving, safe and durable pumping unit developed for the current high-energy consumption problem of the pumping unit in the current oil production project.

背景技术 Background technique

曲柄平衡游梁式抽油机是采油工程广泛使用的主流机型，该机主要问题有两点： ①耗能高，效率低，电能浪费巨大， ②机件故障多，停机损失大。面对我国资源环境压力的现实，开发节能、耐用的抽油机对推行节约型生产模式意义重大。 The crank balance beam pumping unit is the mainstream model widely used in oil production engineering. The main problems of this machine are two points: 1 high energy consumption, low efficiency, huge waste of electric energy, 2 many machine parts, and large downtime loss. Facing the reality of China's resource and environmental pressures, it is of great significance to develop energy-saving and durable pumping units to promote a conservation-oriented production model.

《吊重滑轮组平衡式抽油机》是我 2002年 3月 14日申请，并于 2003年 4 月 9日授权公告的《实用新型专利》，（专利号： ZL02224640. 1)。经几年来工业性实验应用，节能效果非常显著，但受设计结构局限性，冲程难以做大，仅适用于小冲程规格的机型，较大冲程规格的机型釆用本发明方案。 The "lifting pulley block balanced pumping unit" is the "utility model patent" that I applied for on March 14, 2002 and was authorized to be announced on April 9, 2003 (patent number: ZL02224640. 1). After several years of industrial experiment application, the energy saving effect is very remarkable, but due to the limitations of the design structure, the stroke is difficult to enlarge, and it is only suitable for the model with small stroke specifications, and the model with larger stroke specifications uses the solution of the present invention.

发明内容 Summary of the invention

本发明旨在解决上述背景技术中存在的不足，为采油工程提供高效节电.、安全耐用的新一代抽油机。 The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies in the above background art, and provide a new generation of pumping units that are highly efficient, energy-saving, and durable for oil production projects.

为了解决《曲柄平衡游梁式抽油机》高耗能和高故障问题以及《吊重滑轮组平衡式抽油机》设计大冲程结构受限问题和吊坨软连接钢丝绳使用寿命低的问题，本发明采用了下列技术方案： In order to solve the problem of high energy consumption and high fault of "Crank Balance Beam Pumping Unit" and the problem of limited design of large stroke structure and low service life of the soft connecting wire rope of the "lifting pulley unit balance pumping unit", The invention adopted the following technical solutions:

1.整体结构设计上改《曲柄平衡游梁式抽油机》的曲柄平衡方式为吊重平衡方式，改《曲柄平衡游梁式抽油机》的杠杆式游梁为前置游梁。这样，在平衡结构设计上通过动滑轮、两个定滑轮、钢丝绳芯橡胶带、吊坨等机构设巧妙回收利用了光杆下落的重力功和解决了机构运动 '跟踪平衡' 问题，大幅度降低了驱动力，突破了节能 50%以上的节电效果。同时，采用滑轮组平衡机构，能以较少的吊坨，产生成倍的平衡力矩，节约吊坨材料，减少钢丝绳芯橡胶带负荷。 1. The overall structural design changes the crank balance mode of the “Crank Balance Beam Pumping Unit” as the hoisting balance method, and the lever type beam of the “Crank Balance Beam Pumping Unit” is the front beam. In this way, in the design of the balance structure, the movable pulley, the two fixed pulleys, the steel cord rubber belt, the hanging sling and the like are skillfully recycled to utilize the gravity work of the falling of the polished rod and solve the problem of the 'tracking balance' of the mechanism motion, which greatly reduces the driving. Force, breaking through the energy saving effect of more than 50% energy saving. At the same time, the pulley block balancing mechanism can reduce the balance torque with less hanging, save the hanging material and reduce the load of the steel cord rubber belt.

2. 改《吊重滑轮组平衡式抽油机》的后置式驱动机构为前置式驱动机构，满足了大型机冲程设计较大的结构条件。由底座（1 )、支架（2)、游梁（4)、曲确认本柄轮（9)、推拉杆（11 )组成的四连杆机构，通过曲柄轮旋转改变由曲柄半径和推拉杆（11 )组成的连杆长度，使游梁（4)上、下摆动。本设计游梁（4)愈长或曲柄销装置（10)位置的旋转半径愈大，抽油机冲程愈大。 2. The rear-mounted drive mechanism of the "lifting pulley block balanced pumping unit" is a front-mounted drive mechanism, which satisfies the large structural requirements of the mainframe stroke design. Confirmed by the base (1), bracket (2), beam (4), song The four-bar linkage mechanism composed of the crank wheel (9) and the push-pull rod (11) changes the length of the connecting rod composed of the crank radius and the push-pull rod (11) by the rotation of the crank wheel, so that the beam (4) swings up and down. The longer the beam (4) of the design or the larger the radius of rotation of the crank pin device (10), the greater the stroke of the pumping unit.

3.本设计结构，由支架（2)和托架（12)承载了全部抽油负载和配重负载，驱动机件 [包括减速机（8)、曲柄轮（9)、曲柄销装置（10)、推拉杆（11 )]受力小，寿命长，价值高、故障率高的减速机大幅度提高了使用寿命。《曲柄平衡游梁式抽油机》存在的翻机、折梁、减速机打齿、曲柄销折断等常见故障本机都不会发生。实现了节能、耐用的两重目标。 3. This design structure, carrying all pumping load and counterweight load by bracket (2) and bracket (12), driving parts [including reducer (8), crank wheel (9), crank pin device (10 ), push-pull rod (11)] The small force, long life, high value, high failure rate of the reducer greatly improves the service life. In the "Crank Balance Beam Pumping Unit", there are common faults such as turning machine, folding beam, gear reducer, crank pin breaking, etc. This machine will not occur. Achieving the two goals of energy saving and durability.

4.采用双排滑轮组结构，更安全可靠耐用。 4. It adopts double-row pulley block structure, which is safer, more reliable and more durable.

5. 改《吊重滑轮组平衡式抽油机》吊坨软连接使用钢丝绳方案为本发明设计的钢丝绳芯橡胶带方案，该带采用弯曲疲劳强度优良的多根钢丝绳（Φ4. 5〜 Φ7 )，以 4mm间隔均布并施加相同的予张力、外包耐候性优良的橡胶硫化成型，为强化承压面寿命，在承压面有承压防裂垫层，耐弯曲疲劳强度优异，实现了免维护功能。钢丝绳数量和包胶层厚度以及带的长度根据各机型设计。两端接头采用热灌铅连接方案，连接强度优异。 5. Change the "lifting pulley block balanced pumping unit" The soft joint of the sling is a steel cord rubber belt scheme designed for the present invention. The belt adopts a plurality of steel wire ropes with excellent bending fatigue strength (Φ4. 5~ Φ7). Rubber vulcanization molding with uniform pre-tension and uniform weathering resistance at 4mm intervals, in order to strengthen the life of the pressure-bearing surface, pressure-bearing crack-proof cushion layer on the pressure-bearing surface, excellent bending fatigue resistance, and maintenance-free Features. The number of ropes and the thickness of the rubber layer and the length of the belt are designed according to each model. Both ends of the joints use a hot-filled lead connection scheme for excellent joint strength.

6.本发明设计了由 6个内六方螺钉顶紧的曲柄销螺母防松结构，彻底解决了原曲柄销锁紧螺母的松动问题并因松动而产生的大量故障。 6. The present invention designs a crank pin nut anti-loose structure which is tightened by six inner hexagonal screws, which completely solves the problem of looseness of the original crank pin lock nut and a large number of failures due to looseness.

在科学实践的基础上，本发明全面分析机、电、井，从***工程的角度研究节能解决方案，总结出全新理念的五条创新理论： On the basis of scientific practice, the present invention comprehensively analyzes machines, electricity, wells, studies energy-saving solutions from the perspective of system engineering, and summarizes five innovative theories of new ideas:

1、对常年不停连续工作的抽油机，降低配套动力是节能的关键。 1. For the pumping unit that keeps working continuously for many years, reducing the supporting power is the key to energy saving.

2、达到井下液面动态平衡是抽油机的最佳抽汲参数，大冲程理论有局限性。 2. The dynamic balance of the downhole liquid level is the optimal pumping parameter of the pumping unit. The large stroke theory has limitations.

3、按液体渗出理论分析,勤抽才能快渗。对低渗贫油田采用小冲程、小泵径、合理冲次，对富油田采用大泵径、中冲程、合理冲次是节能并增产的可行之路。 3, according to the theoretical analysis of liquid seepage, diligent pumping can quickly seep. For low-permeability and lean oil fields, small strokes, small pump diameters, and reasonable impulses are adopted. It is a feasible way to save energy and increase production by using large pump diameter, medium stroke and reasonable stroke for rich oil fields.

4、游梁机的光杆变速运动参数符合液体抽汲理论，无游梁机的匀速运动并不可取。 4. The shifting motion parameters of the beam of the beam machine conform to the liquid twitching theory, and the uniform motion of the beamless machine is not desirable.

5、吊重平衡方式比曲柄平衡方式更能回收利用光杆下落的重力功。 5. The hoisting and balancing method can recover the gravity work of the falling of the polished rod more than the crank balancing method.

本发明的有益效果是： 1.与《曲柄平衡游梁式抽油机》相比，节电率 50%以上。 The beneficial effects of the invention are: 1. Compared with the "Crank Balance Beam Pumping Unit", the power saving rate is more than 50%.

2.与《吊重滑轮组平衡式抽油机》相比，满足了大型机冲程设计结构条件。 2. Compared with the "lifting pulley block balanced pumping unit", it satisfies the design conditions of the mainframe stroke.

3.使用安全可靠性优良。 3. Excellent safety and reliability.

附图说明 DRAWINGS

图 1 结构总图 Figure 1 General structure of the structure

图 2 工作原理示意图 Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the working principle

图 3 跟踪平衡示意图 Figure 3 Tracking balance diagram

图 4 滑轮组排列形式示意图 Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the pulley block

图 5 横向双排滑轮组示意图 Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the horizontal double-row pulley block

图 6 钢丝绳芯橡胶带结构图 Figure 6 Steel cord core rubber belt structure

图 7 钢丝绳芯橡胶带接头制造方法示意图 Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the manufacturing method of steel cord rubber band joint

图 8 曲柄销锁紧螺母防松结构图 Figure 8 Lock pin lock nut lock structure diagram

附图注释: Note to the drawing:

1.底座 2.支架 3.游梁支座 4.游梁 5.横梁组合 6.驴头 7.减速机座 8.减速机 9.曲柄轮 10.曲柄销装置 11.推拉杆 12.托架 13.动滑轮 14.定滑轮 15. 钢丝绳芯橡胶带 16.吊坨 17.导杆 18.动力装置 19.皮带轮 20.刹车兼飞轮 21. 驴头绳 22.支杆 23.护栏 24.动滑轮轴承座 25.定滑轮轴承座 26.钢丝绳 26 - 1. 钢丝绳分股 27.包胶层 28.承压防裂层 29.小灌铅套 30.大灌铅套 31.连接板 32.热灌铅 33.内六方螺钉 34.锁紧螺母 35.垫板 36.曲柄销轴 37.曲柄销套 38.轴承座 39.调心轴承 40.挡板 41.轴承盖 42.螺钉 43.螺钉 1. Base 2. Support 3. Beam support 4. Beam 5. Beam combination 6. Shantou 7. Reducer base 8. Reducer 9. Crank wheel 10. Crank pin device 11. Push-pull rod 12. Bracket 13. Moving pulley 14. Fixed pulley 15. Steel cord core rubber belt 16. Hanging rod 17. Guide rod 18. Power unit 19. Pulley 20. Brake and flywheel 21. Shantou rope 22. Support rod 23. Guardrail 24. Moving pulley bearing seat 25 Fixed pulley bearing seat 26. Wire rope 26 - 1. Wire rope splitting 27. Covering layer 28. Pressure-proof cracking layer 29. Small filling lead set 30. Large filling lead set 31. Connecting plate 32. Hot-filled lead 33. Inner hexagonal screw 34. Lock nut 35. Backing plate 36. Crank pin 37. Crank pin bushing 38. Bearing seat 39. Self-aligning bearing 40. Baffle 41. Bearing cap 42. Screw 43. Screw

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

(一）设计结构实施说明. · （图 1 ) (1) Description of the implementation of the design structure. · (Fig. 1)

本机由底座（1 )、支架（2)、游梁支座（3)、游梁（4)、驴头（6)、减速机座（7)、减速机（§)、曲柄连杆驱动机构 [包括左右对称两个曲柄轮（9)、对称两个曲柄销装置（10)、对称两个推拉杆（11 )、横梁组合（5)]、托架（12)、动滑轮（13) (—个单排或两个并排，参见图 4、图 5)、定滑轮（14) (一个单排或两个并排，参见图 4、图 5)、钢丝绳芯橡胶带（15) (—个单排或两个并排)、吊坨（16)、导杆（17)、动力装置（18)、皮带轮（19)、刹车兼飞轮（20)、驴头绳（21 )、支杆（22)、护栏（23) 等主要零、部件组成。 The machine is driven by the base (1), bracket (2), beam support (3), beam (4), boring head (6), reducer base (7), reducer (§), crank linkage Mechanism [including two symmetrical two crank wheels (9), two symmetrical crank pin devices (10), two symmetrical push rods (11), beam combinations (5)], brackets (12), moving pulleys (13) ( —Single row or two side by side, see Figure 4, Figure 5), fixed pulley (14) (one single row or two side by side, see Figure 4, Figure 5), steel cord rubber band (15) (- single Row or two side by side), hanging Main parts and components such as 坨(16), guide rod (17), power unit (18), pulley (19), brake and flywheel (20), hoe rope (21), pole (22), guardrail (23), etc. composition.

支架（2) 固定在底座（1 )上，游梁（4) 以游梁支座（3) 固定在支架（2) 上，以游梁支座为轴心可上下往复摆动。平衡吊坨（16)用钢丝绳芯橡胶带（15) 软连接，钢丝绳芯橡胶带（15) 另一端固定在托架（12) 上，经动滑轮（13)、前、后两个定滑轮（14)在游梁（4)前端总是施加一与负载力矩反向的平衡力矩。曲柄轮（9)对称安装在减速机 (8)两侧输出轴上，推拉杆（11 ) (一组）下端与曲柄轮（9)用曲柄销装置（10)联接，推拉杆（11 ) (一组）上端与游梁 (4)用横梁组合（5) (含轴承座装置）以铰链方式联接。动力装置（18) 的三角带皮带轮（19)安装在减速机（8)—侧的输入轴上，减速机 (8)另一侧的输入轴上安装的是刹车兼飞轮（20)。 The bracket (2) is fixed on the base (1), and the beam (4) is fixed on the bracket (2) by the beam support (3), and can be oscillated up and down with the beam support as the axis. Balanced sling (16) with steel cord rubber band (15) Soft connection, steel cord rubber belt (15) The other end is fixed on the bracket (12), the moving pulley (13), the front and rear two fixed pulleys (14 ) A balancing moment against the load moment is always applied to the front end of the beam (4). The crank wheel (9) is symmetrically mounted on the output shafts on both sides of the reducer (8), and the lower end of the push-pull rod (11) (set) is coupled to the crank wheel (9) by a crank pin device (10), and the push-pull rod (11) ( A set) The upper end and the beam (4) are joined by a beam (5) (including the bearing seat device) in a hinged manner. The tri-belt pulley (19) of the power unit (18) is mounted on the input shaft of the reducer (8) side, and the brake-flywheel (20) is mounted on the input shaft on the other side of the reducer (8).

本结构设计游梁愈长或摆角愈大，抽油机冲程愈大。 The longer the design beam is, the larger the swing angle is, and the larger the stroke of the pumping unit is.

(二）工作原理说明：（图 2) (II) Description of working principle: (Figure 2)

工作时，动力装置经三角胶带拖动减速机运转，减速机输出轴带动曲柄轮逆时钟或顺时钟方向旋转，通过推拉杆往复推拉运动使游梁上摆或下摆。游梁上摆运动时，吊坨落体重力施加一提升力矩也使游梁上摆而抽油。游梁下摆运动时，泵杆下落，活塞进油，同时吊坨被提升积蓄位能。以上动作周而复始而实现抽油作业。 During operation, the power unit is driven by a triangular belt dragging speed reducer, and the output shaft of the reducer drives the crank wheel to rotate counterclockwise or clockwise, and the swinging rod reciprocates the pulling motion to swing the beam up or down. When the beam is moved up, the lifting force exerts a lifting torque to swing the beam and pump the oil. When the beam hem moves, the pump rod falls, the piston enters the oil, and the hoist is lifted to accumulate the potential energy. The above actions are repeated and the pumping operation is realized.

(三）节能原理及安全耐用说明： (3) Energy saving principle and safety and durability instructions:

1.采用吊重平衡方式， 100%回收利用了光杆下落的重力功，从而降低了配套动力。曲柄平衡方式的最大问题是 '配重块' 形成几何偏心，转动惯量极大，为启动势必要配大容量电机，运转时又是大马拉小车，造成很大的低功率因数空载电能损耗，同时平衡配重块不能实现与负载变化的跟踪平衡，配重块本身又是减速机轴的很大的离心力负载，严重影响其使用寿命。本发明为吊重平衡方式，当抽油机下冲程时，光杆自重下落的重力作功 >全部转化为吊坨上升积蓄位能，当抽油机上冲程时，吊坨下落释放位能，从而减少了动力输出能量。同时本平衡方式解除了《曲柄平衡游梁式抽油机》减速机的沉重负载，抽油负载和配重负载全由支架和托架承载了，整体驱动机件受力小，寿命长，价值高的减速机大幅度提高了使用寿命，实现了节能和耐用双重目标。 1. Using the hoisting and balancing method, 100% recycles the gravity work of the polished rod, which reduces the supporting power. The biggest problem of the crank balance mode is that the 'weight block' forms a geometric eccentricity, and the moment of inertia is extremely large. It is necessary to equip the large-capacity motor for the starting force, and it is a big horse-drawn car during operation, resulting in a large low power factor no-load power loss. At the same time, the balance weight can not achieve the tracking balance with the load change. The weight itself is a large centrifugal load of the reducer shaft, which seriously affects its service life. The invention is a hoisting and balancing method. When the pumping unit is down stroked, the gravity work of the light rod falling from the weight is fully converted into the lifting and accumulating potential energy. When the pumping unit is stroked, the hanging sling releases the potential energy, thereby reducing The power output energy. At the same time, the balance method relieves the heavy load of the "Crank Balance Beam Pumping Unit" reducer, pumping load and counterweight load. It is carried by the bracket and the bracket. The overall driving mechanism is less stressed and has a long service life. The high-value reducer greatly improves the service life and achieves the dual goals of energy saving and durability.

2.采用游梁前置方式，并在游梁前端加反向吊重提升力矩直接平衡负载力矩，使吊重提升力矩与负载力矩都以游梁支座旋转轴心为矩心，实现了运动过程中的跟踪平衡效果，减少了电动机做功。即根据实际抽油时上冲程负载较大，并由起始较大逐渐变小，下冲程负载比上冲程负载较小的工况变化规律，设计平衡力矩也随抽油工况而变化，即上冲程时由大变小，利于抽油，下冲程时先小再大，利于光杆回落，从而减少动力输出。 2. Using the beam front mode, and adding the reverse hoisting lifting torque at the front end of the beam to directly balance the load torque, so that the hoisting lifting torque and the load moment are both centered on the rotating shaft of the beam support, and the movement is realized. The tracking balance effect in the process reduces the work done by the motor. That is to say, according to the actual oil pumping, the upper stroke load is large, and the initial stroke is gradually smaller, and the lower stroke load is smaller than the upper stroke load. The design balance torque also changes with the pumping condition, that is, When the upper stroke is changed from large to small, it is good for pumping oil. When the stroke is down, it is small and large, which is good for the polished rod to fall back, thus reducing the power output.

跟踪平衡原理以图 3做特别说明：由图可见，下死点时平衡力臂在 X轴上的投影力臂最长，平衡力矩最大，非常利于抽油。相反，上死点时平衡力臂在 X 轴上的投影力臂最短，平衡力矩最小，非常利于油杆回落。从而减少电动机做功。 (注：负载力臂在 X轴上是不变的） The principle of tracking balance is specifically illustrated in Figure 3. It can be seen from the figure that the bottom of the balance arm at the bottom dead center has the longest projection arm on the X-axis and the largest balance torque, which is very conducive to oil pumping. On the contrary, at the top dead center, the balance arm has the shortest projection arm on the X-axis, and the balance torque is the smallest, which is very conducive to the oil rod falling back. Thereby reducing the work of the motor. (Note: The load arm is constant on the X axis)

3. 根据滑轮组省力一半的原理，采用滑轮组平衡机构，能以较少的吊坨，产生成倍的吊重平衡力矩。采用双排滑轮组结构，中间让出空间，可以降低托架设计高度。动滑轮纵向也采用双排结构,能改善钢丝绳芯橡胶带弯曲的曲率半径，提高使用寿命，更好地实现了安全、可靠、耐用性能。（图 4、图 5) 3. According to the principle of half the labor saving force of the pulley block, the pulley block balancing mechanism can be used to generate multiple hoisting balance torque with less hanging. The double-row pulley block structure allows for space in the middle to reduce the height of the bracket design. The movable pulley also adopts a double-row structure, which can improve the curvature radius of the bending of the rubber cord of the steel cord core, improve the service life, and achieve better safety, reliability and durability. (Figure 4, Figure 5)

(四 ) 吊坨钢丝绳芯橡胶带特别说明（图 6) (4) Special description of the rubber cord of the hanging rope rope core (Fig. 6)

直接用单根钢丝绳做吊坨软连接，在滑轮接触处易弯曲折断和磨损，并且必须经常加润滑脂维护，使用寿命短。本发明采用弯曲疲劳强度优良的多根钢丝绳 (26) ( Φ4. 5〜Φ7)，以 4mm间隔均布并施加相同的予张力、外包耐候性优良的橡胶包胶层（27)，经硫化成型的钢丝绳芯橡胶带，实现了高寿命和免维护两个特性。。为强化承压面寿命，在承压面有承压防裂垫层（28)，。钢丝绳数量和包胶层厚度以及带的长度根据各机型设计。 The single wire rope is used for the soft connection of the sling, which is easy to bend and wear at the contact of the pulley, and must be regularly greased for maintenance and has a short service life. The present invention adopts a plurality of steel wire ropes (26) (Φ4.5 to Φ7) excellent in bending fatigue strength, uniformly distributes the same pre-tension, and has a rubber-coated rubber layer (27) excellent in weather resistance at intervals of 4 mm, and is vulcanized. The steel cord core rubber belt achieves both high life and maintenance free features. . In order to strengthen the life of the bearing surface, there is a pressure-resistant crack-proof cushion on the pressure-bearing surface (28). The number of ropes and the thickness of the rubber layer and the length of the belt are designed according to each model.

两端接头采用热灌铅方案（图 7 ), 将接头处钢丝绳剥光包胶，分别穿入连接板（31 )和特制带锥度的小灌铅套（29)、大灌铅套（30) 内，分开钢丝绳股 (26-1 ), 端部折弯，灌满熔铅（32) 后冷却。连接强度非常优异。 The joints at both ends are hot-filled with lead (Fig. 7), and the steel wire ropes at the joints are stripped and glued into the connecting plate (31) and the special taper small lead bushing (29) and the large lead bushing (30). Inside, separate the wire strands (26-1), bend at the ends, and fill with molten lead (32) to cool. The connection strength is very excellent.

(五）曲柄销锁紧螺母防松结构特别说明（图 8) 传统锁紧螺母防松一般采用双螺母或开口销，使用中最易发生松动而造成折断曲柄销轴（36) 的故障。本发明采用六个内六方螺钉（33 )和垫板（35)，当锁紧螺母（34)拧紧后，再拧紧六个内六方螺钉（33) 顶紧垫板（35)，永不会松动。 (5) Special description of the anti-loose structure of the crank pin lock nut (Fig. 8) The traditional lock nut is generally loosened with a double nut or a split pin, and the most likely to be loosened during use causes the failure of the crank pin (36). The invention adopts six inner hexagonal screws (33) and a backing plate (35). When the lock nut (34) is tightened, the six inner hexagonal screws (33) are tightened and the top plate (35) is never loosened. .

Claims

权利要求书 Claim

1、一种高效节电、安全耐用的吊重平衡游梁式抽油机。其特征是：由底座（1 )、支架（2)、游梁支座（3 )、游梁（4)、驴头（6)、减速机座（7)、减速机（8)、曲柄连杆驱动机构 [包括左右对称两个曲柄轮（9)、对称两个曲柄销装置（10)、对称两个推拉杆（11 )、横梁组合（5 )]、托架（12)、动滑轮（13 ) (—个单排或两个并排，参见图 4、图 5 )、定滑轮（14) (一个单排或两个并排，参见图 4、图 5)、钢丝绳芯橡胶带（15) (—个单排或两个并排)、吊坨（16)、导杆（17)、动力装置（18)、皮带轮（19)、刹车兼飞轮（20)、驴头绳（21 )、支杆（22)、护栏 1. A high-efficiency power-saving, safe and durable hoisting and balancing beam pumping unit. It is characterized by: base (1), bracket (2), beam support (3), beam (4), hoe (6), reducer base (7), reducer (8), crank connection Rod drive mechanism [including two left and right symmetrical crank wheels (9), two symmetrical crank pin devices (10), two symmetrical push rods (11), beam combination (5)], bracket (12), moving pulley (13 (--single row or two side by side, see Figure 4, Figure 5), fixed pulley (14) (one single row or two side by side, see Figure 4, Figure 5), steel cord rubber band (15) (- Single row or two side by side), hanging raft (16), guide rod (17), power unit (18), pulley (19), brake and flywheel (20), hoe line (21), struts (22) Guardrail

(23 )等主要零、部件组成，支架（2) 固定在底座（1 )上，游梁（4) 以游梁支座（3 ) 固定在支架（2) 上，以游梁支座为轴心可上下往复摆动。平衡吊坨（16) 用钢丝绳芯橡胶带（15 )软连接，钢丝绳芯橡胶带（15 ) 另一端固定在托架（12) 上，经动滑轮（13 )、前、后两个定滑轮（14)在游梁（4)前端总是施加一与负载力矩反向的平衡力矩。曲柄轮（9)对称安装在减速机（8) 两侧输出轴上，推拉杆（11 ) (一组）下端与曲柄轮（9)用曲柄销装置（10)联接，推拉杆（11 ) (一组）上端与游梁（4)用横梁组合（5 ) (含轴承座装置）以铰链方式联接。动力装置（18) 的三角带皮带轮（19)安装在减速机（8)—侧的输入轴上，减速机 (8) 另一侧的输入轴上安装的是刹车兼飞轮（20)。 (23) The main zero and component components, the bracket (2) is fixed on the base (1), and the beam (4) is fixed on the bracket (2) with the beam support (3), with the beam support as the axis The heart can swing back and forth. Balanced sling (16) with steel cord rubber belt (15) soft connection, steel cord rubber belt (15) The other end is fixed on the bracket (12), the moving pulley (13), the front and rear two fixed pulleys (14 ) A balancing moment against the load moment is always applied to the front end of the beam (4). The crank wheel (9) is symmetrically mounted on the output shafts on both sides of the reducer (8), and the lower end of the push-pull rod (11) (set) is coupled to the crank wheel (9) by a crank pin device (10), and the push-pull rod (11) ( A set) The upper end and the beam (4) are joined by a beam (5) (including the bearing seat device) in a hinged manner. The V-belt pulley (19) of the power unit (18) is mounted on the input shaft of the reducer (8) side, and the brake-flywheel (20) is mounted on the input shaft of the other side of the reducer (8).

2、根据权利要求 1所述的吊重平衡游梁式抽油机，其特征是：定滑轮前、后排列，动滑轮纵向一个单排列或两个并列排列，定滑轮和动滑轮在横向均采用双排列形式。 2. The hoisting and balancing beam pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein: the fixed pulley is arranged in front of and behind, and the movable pulley is arranged in a single arrangement or two in parallel, and the fixed pulley and the movable pulley are double in the horizontal direction. Arranged.

3、根据权利要求 1所述的吊重平衡游梁式抽油机，其特征是：吊坨软连接采用钢丝绳芯橡胶带（15 )。该带采用弯曲疲劳强度优良的多根钢丝绳（26) ( Φ4.5〜 Φ7)，以 4mm间隔均布并施加相同的予张力、外包耐候性优良的橡胶包胶层 (27) 硫化成型，为强化承压面寿命，在承压面有承压防裂垫层（28)，钢丝绳排列数量和包胶层厚度以及带的长度根据各机型设计，该带两端接头制造工艺采用热灌铅方案，将接头处钢丝绳剥光包胶，分别穿入连接板（31 )和特制带锥度的小灌铅套（29)、大灌铅套（30) 内，分开钢丝绳股（26-1 )，端部折弯，灌满熔铅（32) 后冷却。 3. The hoisting and balancing beam pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein: the sling soft connection is a steel cord rubber belt (15). This belt is formed by vulcanizing a plurality of steel wire ropes (26) (Φ4.5 to Φ7) with excellent bending fatigue strength, uniformly distributed at 4 mm intervals, and applying the same pre-tension and outer weathering resistance of the rubber-clad layer (27). Strengthening the life of the bearing surface, there is a pressure-proof crack-proof cushion layer on the pressure-bearing surface (28), the number of wire ropes and the thickness of the rubber-clad layer and the length of the belt are designed according to each model. In the scheme, the wire rope of the joint is stripped and glued into the connecting plate (31) and the special taper small lead bushing (29) and the large lead bushing (30), respectively, and the wire strands (26-1) are separated. End bend, filled with molten lead (32) After cooling.

4、根据权利要求 1 所述的吊重平衡游梁式抽油机，其特征是：曲柄销锁紧螺母采用特殊的防松装置，采用六个内六方螺钉（33 )和垫板（35)，当锁紧螺母 (34)拧紧后，再拧紧六个内六方螺钉（33 )顶紧垫板（35)，永不松动。 4. The hoisting and balancing beam pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein: the crank pin lock nut adopts a special anti-loose device, and adopts six inner hexagonal screws (33) and a backing plate (35). When the lock nut (34) is tightened, tighten the six inner hexagonal screws (33) to tighten the pad (35) and never loosen.