WO2008071045A1 - Wind-power electric vehicle - Google Patents

Wind-power electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008071045A1
WO2008071045A1 PCT/CN2007/001069 CN2007001069W WO2008071045A1 WO 2008071045 A1 WO2008071045 A1 WO 2008071045A1 CN 2007001069 W CN2007001069 W CN 2007001069W WO 2008071045 A1 WO2008071045 A1 WO 2008071045A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind
electric vehicle
impeller
power
energy electric
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/001069
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Guangxu Shang
Original Assignee
Guangxu Shang
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guangxu Shang filed Critical Guangxu Shang
Publication of WO2008071045A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008071045A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L8/00—Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • B60L8/006—Converting flow of air into electric energy, e.g. by using wind turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L8/00—Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/216—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the anemometer type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/94—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a movable wheeled structure
    • F05B2240/941—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a movable wheeled structure which is a land vehicle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wind energy utilization, and in particular to a wind energy electric vehicle.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Internal combustion engine vehicles have gone through a history of 100 years and are about to exit the historical arena with the increasing depletion of oil and the enormous pressure of environmental protection. Therefore, all countries in the world are seeking solutions to the power sources of future cars from various sources, including: 1. Hydrogen energy vehicles; 2. External charging electric vehicles; 3. Solar electric vehicles. Its technical scope is to find recycling and new energy and energy-saving technologies to reduce energy consumption and improve energy efficiency. However, none of the above solutions have solved the problem of automotive energy on a large scale.
  • the existing electric vehicles have the following problems: (1) 100% rely on external charging of the mains; (2) long charging time, about 8 hours; (3) short duration, a group The normal lead-acid battery is fully charged only after lOOKm; (4) The high-energy lithium battery and hydrogen-powered fuel cell are costly, and the power control (especially the separation and preparation and storage of hydrogen) is extremely difficult and costly. High, and vulnerable, leaky, and explosive. (5) The oil-electric hybrid vehicles that have been put on the market have less than 20% electric energy efficiency, and the proportion is small, which does not fundamentally solve the problem of oil-based and pollution. (6) All kinds of vehicles with different powers have failed to convert the extremely large wind energy in their operation into their own available electric energy.
  • Wind energy is the most direct, sufficient, and cleanest inexhaustible source of energy on Earth. Wind power generation technology has been improved day by day, and it has been widely used in society. However, the wind power technology that waits for the wind to show a huge limitation - that is, no wind and no electricity. Wind energy electric vehicles are typical energy-efficient and environmentally friendly products.
  • the wind power generation system on the wind energy electric vehicle can generate electricity and charge the battery according to the principle of generating wind and generating electricity, which can greatly improve the cruising range of the electric vehicle and prolong the life of the battery. Meet about 90% of the functions. With the help of utility charging or gasoline engine with hybrid power, about 10%, the car can be powered by wind power, which is a promising product in the automotive field.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel wind energy electric vehicle which, by adopting a comprehensive and systematic integrated design, on the one hand, greatly increases the overall power consumption of wind power generation in electric vehicles.
  • the performance of each system assembly of wind energy electric vehicles is greatly improved, and it becomes a real wind electric vehicle.
  • a wind energy electric vehicle comprising a power system, an automobile body, a chassis suspension carrying system, an operation control system, a braking system and a lighting system
  • the power system is composed of a wind power generator, a charging controller, a battery pack and a power transmission controller, and the wind power
  • the generator, the charge controller, the battery pack, and the power transmission controller are sequentially connected to form a power supply system to supply power to the electric vehicle to drive the electric vehicle to operate.
  • the wind impeller of the wind power generator is a propeller wind impeller
  • the propeller wind impeller is fixed to the front upper or the tail of the vehicle body through a fixed bracket, and the balance tail fin of the propeller wind impeller is disposed on the vehicle body.
  • the tail is fixed to the front upper or the tail of the vehicle body through a fixed bracket, and the balance tail fin of the propeller wind impeller is disposed on the vehicle body. The tail.
  • the propeller type wind impeller is a fixed type wind impeller or a telescopic type wind impeller, and the telescopic type wind impeller is provided with a telescopic point.
  • the wind impeller of the wind power generator is a hemispherical wind impeller, and the hemispherical wind impeller is fixed to the top of the vehicle body through a fixed base.
  • the wind turbine of the wind generator is a semi-column wind impeller, and the semi-column wind impeller is fixed to the top, the front or the rear of the vehicle body through a fixed base.
  • the wind impeller of the wind power generator is a conch type wind impeller, and the conch type wind impeller is fixed to the top, the front or the rear of the vehicle body through a fixed base.
  • the connecting rod of the wind impeller is a fixed connecting rod or a telescopic connecting rod, and the telescopic connecting rod is provided with a telescopic point.
  • the generator of the wind power generator is an excitation or permanent magnet DC brushless generator, and the universal connection between the generator and the wind impeller is provided, and an automatic adjustment concentricity device is provided.
  • the battery pack is provided with one or more sets and is equipped with a smart switch charging using a commercial power supply. Electrical appliances.
  • the electric vehicle can be equipped with a small internal combustion engine.
  • the working principle of the invention is: according to the conservation of energy, after the vehicle is started, the wind turbine is rotated by the wind impeller to generate electric energy, and the battery pack is charged by the charging controller, and the electric energy released by the battery is directly supplied to the DC motor to drive the electric vehicle. run.
  • the charge controller controls the process by which the wind generator charges the battery.
  • the power transmission controller controls the discharge process of the battery to the DC drive motor. When the power in a group of batteries is used up, it is transferred to the charging state. Another group of batteries starts to send and discharge energy to the drive motor. Wind power electric vehicles are always in the state of one set of battery discharge work and the other set of batteries are charged. A set of batteries can also be selected to operate while charging. When the vehicle stops running, there are two ways to continue charging: a. Natural wind charging; b. Through the self-provided smart switch charger, the external mains power supply can be recharged, and can be charged about 80% in 2 hours.
  • the power gap is about 20% of the power consumption (when two sets of battery packs are set, when a group of batteries is discharged, it takes about 2 hours.
  • the charge of the other battery can be It can also be flexibly selected to configure a small internal combustion engine (with a power of less than 50% of a pure internal combustion engine) to ensure continuous and long-distance operation. When the other battery is fully charged, the internal combustion engine is turned off immediately and the electric motor is used.
  • the invention systematically and comprehensively designs a wind energy electric vehicle as a whole, and can design the following key points to improve the proportion of wind power generation and greatly improve the overall performance -
  • the group can achieve 80% of the electricity storage in two hours of fast charging.
  • the wind power electric vehicle can be supplied to operate about 130 kW.
  • the wind speed electric vehicle sets the speed: 40Km, the top speed is 85Km, and the average speed is 60Km.
  • the energy of a group of batteries can be maintained for 2 hours.
  • the two sets of battery wheels can maintain the vehicle for about 4 hours.
  • the power of the three groups of batteries can meet the continuous operation of the vehicle for more than 6 hours, and the continuous stroke reaches nearly 400Km. This mileage is equivalent to the daily mileage of the taxi, and the utilization rate of wind power can reach more than 90%. (Adding a battery to a weight of about 160kg, which is equivalent to about 12% of the mass of the vehicle increases the consumption of electric energy by about 12%. Therefore, when the two sets of batteries are increased to three sets of batteries, the effective energy is increased by about the wind electric vehicle. About 20% of energy is required).
  • the design of the invention is flexible: a, supplemented by external charging when parking; b, natural wind when parking Power generation; c. Select an engine with a smaller power (about 80kg, about half the weight of a group of batteries, consume about 7% of the vehicle's power) but achieve the goal of continuous operation.
  • the present invention is designed to match a N-group (N l) wind power generation system.
  • N N l
  • the wind resistance coefficient of the vehicle is about 7% (because the wind power generation system uses the breeze to generate electricity, the drag coefficient is small), and the power consumption is 7%.
  • the weight increases by about 65kg, and the power consumption is increased by about 8%, but the increased power generation is more than doubled.
  • the number of articles is multiplied, but compared with the previous (1) increase of small engines, the weight is equivalent, but the investment cost is more than 5 times that of the engine.
  • the savings in fuel costs will not only offset the cost of the wind power generation system, but also have an additional cost of about 50% (maintenance, fuel costs).
  • the more optimized design scheme of the wind energy electric vehicle of the invention is: a , matching a wind power generation system and two sets of battery combinations; b, two sets of wind energy power generation systems and three sets of battery combinations.
  • the efficiency can reach more than 90% of the wind energy electric utilization rate, and achieve the purpose of continuous operation of the wind energy electric vehicle.
  • the wind energy power generation utilization (energy saving) scheme of the present invention is adopted for the wind energy electric vehicle body: a.
  • the composite material having a specific gravity of about 25% of the steel plate, the advanced composite material has a specific gravity of only about 8%; b, the specific gravity is 30% of the steel plate.
  • the use of the first three materials has reduced the energy consumption of self-weight by more than 30%.
  • the present invention is innovatively designed in terms of system structure and the like.
  • the chassis connection design adopts: a. independent suspension mode; b, full load bearing mode; c. innovative design of the chassis adopts elastic bridge structure system; d. innovative use of elastomer material transition in chassis body connection.
  • the advantages of the above design are: 1 reducing the vibration and the up-and-down of the vehicle during operation by more than 30%; 2 reducing the unnecessary ground friction resistance by more than 20%, and the noise is relatively reduced. 3 to ensure the stability of the whole vehicle, especially the wind power generation system; 4 enhance the comfort, safety and economy of the vehicle operation.
  • the wind energy electric vehicle of the present invention adopts a variety of matching of the wind impeller in the assembly of the wind power generation system component parts, and the hemispherical, semi-column and conch type wind impeller power generation system design is arranged and matched on the top of the vehicle;
  • the propeller-type wind impeller is designed to match the upper part of the front and the rear part of the vehicle, effectively reducing the height from the ground and increasing safety and effectiveness.
  • the universal gimbal device and the automatic correction concentricity function device are used to solve the problem of the work efficiency caused by the wave, vibration and sway of the vehicle and the damage of the system.
  • the present invention employs a system of manual and automatic telescopic wind power generation system wind turbine blades and connecting rods, which can be adapted to the timely and appropriate adjustment of the vehicle due to the size of the space and the size of the wind.
  • FIG. 1 is a working principle diagram of a wind energy electric vehicle according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a propeller-type wind energy electric vehicle body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of a propeller-type wind energy electric vehicle body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of a propeller-type wind energy electric vehicle body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a top plan view of a hemispherical wind energy electric vehicle body according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a front view of a hemispherical wind energy electric vehicle body according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a side view of a hemispherical wind energy electric vehicle body according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to a part of specific embodiments, and it is necessary to point out that the following specific embodiments are only used for the present invention. The description in one step does not represent a limitation on the scope of the invention. Some non-essential modifications and adaptations made by others in accordance with the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.
  • the wind energy electric vehicle comprises a power supply system, an automobile body, a chassis suspension carrying system, an operation control system, a braking system and a lighting system
  • the power system is composed of a wind power generator, a charging controller, a battery pack and a power transmission controller.
  • the wind power generator, the charging controller, the battery pack and the power transmission controller are sequentially connected to form a power supply system to supply power to the electric vehicle to drive the electric vehicle to operate.
  • the wind power supply system consists of: a, wind impeller, can be used with propeller type (as shown in Figure 2-4, in the figure 1 is a propeller wind impeller, 2 is an impeller telescopic point, 3 is a generator, 4 is a balanced tail, 5 is a fixed bracket, 6 is a body, 7 is a wheel), hemisphere type (as shown in Figure 5-7)
  • propeller type as shown in Figure 2-4, in the figure 1 is a propeller wind impeller, 2 is an impeller telescopic point, 3 is a generator, 4 is a balanced tail, 5 is a fixed bracket, 6 is a body, 7 is a wheel), hemisphere type (as shown in Figure 5-7)
  • Medium 1 is a hemispherical wind impeller
  • 2 is an impeller connecting rod telescopic point
  • 3 is a generator
  • 5 is a fixed base
  • 6 is a body
  • 7 is a wheel
  • semi-column type
  • the Generator using excitation or permanent magnet DC brushless generator, strong magnetic material to make the power generation overload capacity more than 2 times.
  • a universal joint is used between the generator and the wind impeller, and an automatic adjustment concentricity device is provided to solve the imbalance caused by vibration, over-wave and strong wind.
  • the output current adopts a closed transmission slip ring, the cable will not be entangled, and the noise is minimized.
  • the battery is N blocks combined and connected in series. According to the mass and volume of the vehicle, N 1 batteries are used and the battery is set to N group (N 1 ).
  • Each group of battery power can independently bear the normal operation of the vehicle.
  • the charging controller automatically cuts in (or manually switches) to another group of batteries for charging.
  • Each group of batteries is fully charged and discharged, cyclically working and charging, avoiding the battery. Due to the high frequency density of charge and discharge, the problem of accelerated loss is accelerated.
  • the inverter solves the AC and DC conversion of the electric energy to the drive motor and the electric appliance of the vehicle, and reasonably safely transports and regenerates the electric energy back to the storage battery.
  • the wind power generation system adopts: a.
  • the front bracket of the car is suspended and supported; b.
  • the top of the car is connected by a base or a triangular support frame; c.
  • the special tail car is towed.
  • the connecting parts are supported by horizontal and vertical rectangular tubes, purlins, bottom seats and triangular brackets and bolted and welded to the body.
  • the power supply is taken directly from the closed slip ring of the generator and introduced into the battery pack.
  • the battery pack can be flexibly selected: a.
  • the outer space of the vehicle body is specially equipped with a battery compartment for the outer space.
  • the body and chassis components are flexible to choose between full load and independent suspension.
  • a. Full load bearing directly connects the car drive system, wheel system, brake system, control system and so on with the vehicle body.
  • Independent suspension The above systems are connected to the chassis frame, and the chassis frame is connected with the body by elastic materials and fasteners.
  • Vehicle drive adopts a, front wheel drive; b, rear wheel drive; c, four-wheel drive three modes, ⁇
  • the drive motor is connected with the gearbox and reducer.
  • the gearbox and reducer are connected with the drive shaft.
  • the drive shaft is connected with the four-wheel bridge, and the front and rear axles drive the four-wheel rotation.
  • the wind energy electric vehicle can be selected by the oil-electric hybrid mode.
  • the electric drive motor is driven by the rear wheel bridge.
  • the wind energy electric vehicle body is made of a, composite material; b, steel plate material; c, aluminum alloy material; d, magnesium alloy material and other four materials or mixed materials.
  • the direction control system is connected by the steering wheel to the steering column, the steering column is connected with the coupling, the coupling is connected with the steering gear, and the steering machine is connected with the front wheel axle to drive the steering of the wheel.
  • the whole vehicle control system is controlled by the vehicle ECU computer. Indicates the speed of the vehicle; the driving command; various warning signals, indicating the battery charging condition and the use of the measurement result; forming a fault protection together with the controller.
  • the mutual monitoring function is provided with a user interface for outputting and recording various driving information. Through the meter display, the vehicle's stop, line, fast and slow state is controlled by a dedicated manual or foot switch.
  • the braking system of the wind energy electric vehicle adopts the pedal system and the manual two braking modes, which are respectively connected with the brake pump and the brake caliper assembly, and the brake pump and the brake caliper assembly are hydraulically braked. Thanks to the four wheel bridges, the brake hoses are arranged in a m-shaped cross-connection.
  • the electricity used in the running of the vehicle is supplied by the battery through the relay and the safety switch.
  • the circuit is designed with a dendrite integrated system to each electrical appliance.
  • Vehicle lighting system adopts a, tungsten halogen lamp; b, light-emitting diode (LED) two forms. Power is supplied from the battery through the car circuit and relays and the insurance system. Control is controlled by the ECU through the switch and dimming system, and the switch consists of a manual knob.
  • the power drive uses an excitation or permanent magnet DC motor as the drive motor.
  • the power configuration of the NKW/h (N ⁇ l) is flexibly adapted according to the quality of the vehicle, and the power of the wind turbine and the power of the battery are systematic. match.
  • the applicable wheels are N-inch (N 10) starting; the designed drive motor has a maximum efficiency of over 90%; the drive gears are planetary gears with a 1:N ratio (N 1 ).
  • the last speed is 80km/h, and the driving speed is 60km/h.
  • the cruising range is up to 400km, the net weight is 600kg (including battery), and the load is 500kg.
  • New material body with viscoelastic characteristics, fast energy conversion, no rust, good flame retardancy, non-conductivity, extended service life for more than 20 years, electric vehicle line environment is good, high efficiency. Not afraid of leakage short circuit.
  • the roof load can be up to 1000kg or more.
  • the installation and fixing of the wind power generation system and the battery will not cause the sagging and deformation of the vehicle body, and the stability is good.
  • the wind resistance coefficient has been increased by about 15% compared with other automobile types by wind tunnel simulation test, but the electric energy can solve about 90% by itself, and the wind is generated by wind. When the vehicle is stationary, the wind can be started at 2 levels. Inexhaustible, it is a true natural, renewable and sustainable energy application.

Abstract

A wind-power electric vehicle comprises a power system, a body (6), a chassis suspension system, an operation control system, a brake system and an illumination system. The power system consists of a wind power generator (3), a charging controller, a battery set and a transmission controller. The wind power generator (3), the charging controller, the battery set and the transmission controller are connected in sequence to form the power system that provides power to the electric vehicle to drive the electric vehicle.

Description

风能电动汽车  Wind power electric car
技术领域 本发明涉及风能利用领域， 具体涉及一种风能电动汽车。 背景技术 内燃机式汽车， 已经走过了 100年的历史， 即将随着石油的日益枯竭和环保 的巨大压力而退出历史舞台。因而，世界各国都在从各种途径寻求解决未来汽车 的动力来源问题， 其中的方案包括： 1、氢能源汽车； 2、外充电式电动汽车； 3、 太阳能电动汽车等等。其技术范畴在于寻找再生及新能源和节能技术， 以降低能 源的消耗， 提高能源的利用效率。然而， 上述方案均未能大规模的解决汽车能源 的问题。 已推出的电动汽车， 均普遇存在以下几个问题： （1 ) 100%依靠市电外部 充电； （2)充电时间长， 约需 8个小时左右； （3)续程里程短， 一组普通铅酸电 池充满电后续程只在 lOOKm左右； （4)采用高能的锂电池、氢动力燃料电池的造 价成本高昂， 电能控制（尤其是氢气的分离和制取、储存）极其不易，成本极高， 且易损、易漏、易爆。（5)已面市的油电混合动力汽车， 电能效率只占 20%以下， 比例小， 未根本解决用油为主和污染的问题。 （6)所有各种动力的汽车， 均未能 将其运行中极其巨大的风能转化为自身可用的电能， 全球因此形成的资源浪费TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of wind energy utilization, and in particular to a wind energy electric vehicle. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Internal combustion engine vehicles have gone through a history of 100 years and are about to exit the historical arena with the increasing depletion of oil and the enormous pressure of environmental protection. Therefore, all countries in the world are seeking solutions to the power sources of future cars from various sources, including: 1. Hydrogen energy vehicles; 2. External charging electric vehicles; 3. Solar electric vehicles. Its technical scope is to find recycling and new energy and energy-saving technologies to reduce energy consumption and improve energy efficiency. However, none of the above solutions have solved the problem of automotive energy on a large scale. The existing electric vehicles have the following problems: (1) 100% rely on external charging of the mains; (2) long charging time, about 8 hours; (3) short duration, a group The normal lead-acid battery is fully charged only after lOOKm; (4) The high-energy lithium battery and hydrogen-powered fuel cell are costly, and the power control (especially the separation and preparation and storage of hydrogen) is extremely difficult and costly. High, and vulnerable, leaky, and explosive. (5) The oil-electric hybrid vehicles that have been put on the market have less than 20% electric energy efficiency, and the proportion is small, which does not fundamentally solve the problem of oil-based and pollution. (6) All kinds of vehicles with different powers have failed to convert the extremely large wind energy in their operation into their own available electric energy.
(包括油料消耗和环保治理等投入）数以千万亿美元计。其污染大气的后果更加 触目'惊心， 汽车废气已是直接烕胁我们赖以生存的唯一的地球的最大元凶。 (Including inputs such as fuel consumption and environmental protection) are in the order of US$1 billion. The consequences of polluting the atmosphere are even more shocking. The car exhaust is the biggest culprit in the earth that directly threatens us to survive.
风能， 是地球上与空气同在的最直接、 最充分、 最清洁的取之不尽的能源。 风能发电技术， 已日臻完善， 逐步走入社会被广泛利用。但是， 坐等来风的风电 技术， 显露出巨大的局限性——即无风不生电。风能电动汽车， 是典型的高效节 能的环保型产品。风能电动汽车上的风力发电***， 按照动则生风，遇风发电的 原理，产生电能并对蓄电池进行充电，可大幅度的提髙电力汽车的续航里程并延 长蓄电池的寿命， 其自身发电可满足 90%左右的功能。 借助市电充电或者汽油发 动机以混合动力的辅助作用，约占 10%左右，可使汽车以风能电动为主要动力源， 是汽车领域具有广阔前景的产品。但遗憾的是， 国内外目前尚未推出这类风能电 动汽车， 不能满足现代生活的需要。 发明内容 本发明的目的在于提供一种新型的风能电动汽车，该风能电动汽车通过从整 体上、***化的综合设计，一方面较大程度地增加电力汽车中风能发电所占其整 体耗电的比例； 另一方面， 经过***化、一体化的灵活设计， 大幅度地提高风能 电动汽车各个***总成的性能， 成为真正意义上的风能电动汽车。 Wind energy is the most direct, sufficient, and cleanest inexhaustible source of energy on Earth. Wind power generation technology has been improved day by day, and it has been widely used in society. However, the wind power technology that waits for the wind to show a huge limitation - that is, no wind and no electricity. Wind energy electric vehicles are typical energy-efficient and environmentally friendly products. The wind power generation system on the wind energy electric vehicle can generate electricity and charge the battery according to the principle of generating wind and generating electricity, which can greatly improve the cruising range of the electric vehicle and prolong the life of the battery. Meet about 90% of the functions. With the help of utility charging or gasoline engine with hybrid power, about 10%, the car can be powered by wind power, which is a promising product in the automotive field. But unfortunately, this type of wind energy has not yet been launched at home and abroad. Moving cars can't meet the needs of modern life. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a novel wind energy electric vehicle which, by adopting a comprehensive and systematic integrated design, on the one hand, greatly increases the overall power consumption of wind power generation in electric vehicles. On the other hand, through the systematic and integrated flexible design, the performance of each system assembly of wind energy electric vehicles is greatly improved, and it becomes a real wind electric vehicle.
本发明的目的通过釆取以下技术方案予以实现：  The object of the present invention is achieved by taking the following technical solutions:
一种风能电动汽车， 包括电源***、汽车车身、底盘悬挂承载***、操作控 制***、 制动***和照明***， 其中电源***由风力发电机、 充电控制器、蓄电 池组和输电控制器组成， 风力发电机、充电控制器、蓄电池组和输电控制器依次 连接组成电源***向电动汽车提供电源而驱动电动汽车运行。  A wind energy electric vehicle, comprising a power system, an automobile body, a chassis suspension carrying system, an operation control system, a braking system and a lighting system, wherein the power system is composed of a wind power generator, a charging controller, a battery pack and a power transmission controller, and the wind power The generator, the charge controller, the battery pack, and the power transmission controller are sequentially connected to form a power supply system to supply power to the electric vehicle to drive the electric vehicle to operate.
上述技术方案中，所述的风力发电机的风叶轮为螺旋浆式风叶轮，螺旋浆式 风叶轮通过固定支架固定在车身的前上部或尾部，螺旋浆式风叶轮的平衡尾尾翼 设置在车身的尾部。  In the above technical solution, the wind impeller of the wind power generator is a propeller wind impeller, and the propeller wind impeller is fixed to the front upper or the tail of the vehicle body through a fixed bracket, and the balance tail fin of the propeller wind impeller is disposed on the vehicle body. The tail.
所述的螺旋桨式风叶轮为固定式风叶轮或伸缩式风叶轮，伸缩式风叶轮上设 有伸缩点。  The propeller type wind impeller is a fixed type wind impeller or a telescopic type wind impeller, and the telescopic type wind impeller is provided with a telescopic point.
所述的风力发电机的风叶轮为半球型风叶轮，半球型风叶轮通过固定底座固 定在车身的顶部。  The wind impeller of the wind power generator is a hemispherical wind impeller, and the hemispherical wind impeller is fixed to the top of the vehicle body through a fixed base.
所述的风力发电机的风叶轮为半柱型风叶轮，半柱型风叶轮通过固定底座固 定在车身的顶部、 前部或后部。  The wind turbine of the wind generator is a semi-column wind impeller, and the semi-column wind impeller is fixed to the top, the front or the rear of the vehicle body through a fixed base.
所述的风力发电机的风叶轮为海螺型风叶轮，海螺型风叶轮通过固定底座固 定在车身的顶部、 前部或后部。  The wind impeller of the wind power generator is a conch type wind impeller, and the conch type wind impeller is fixed to the top, the front or the rear of the vehicle body through a fixed base.
所述的风叶轮的连杆为固定式连杆或伸缩式连杆， 伸缩式连杆上设有伸缩 点。  The connecting rod of the wind impeller is a fixed connecting rod or a telescopic connecting rod, and the telescopic connecting rod is provided with a telescopic point.
所述的风力发电机的发电机为励磁或永磁直流无刷发电机，发电机和风叶轮 之间为万向式连接， 并设有自动调节同心度装置。  The generator of the wind power generator is an excitation or permanent magnet DC brushless generator, and the universal connection between the generator and the wind impeller is provided, and an automatic adjustment concentricity device is provided.
所述的蓄电池组设有一组或一组以上，并配备有使用市电供电的智能开关充 电器。 The battery pack is provided with one or more sets and is equipped with a smart switch charging using a commercial power supply. Electrical appliances.
所述的电动汽车可配备有小型内燃机。  The electric vehicle can be equipped with a small internal combustion engine.
本发明的工作原理是：根据能量守恒定理，汽车启动后风力发电机经风叶轮 受风后转动产生电能，通过充电控制器给蓄电池组充电，蓄电池释放的电能直接 供直流电动机运转而驱动电动汽车运行。  The working principle of the invention is: according to the conservation of energy, after the vehicle is started, the wind turbine is rotated by the wind impeller to generate electric energy, and the battery pack is charged by the charging controller, and the electric energy released by the battery is directly supplied to the DC motor to drive the electric vehicle. run.
充电控制器控制风力发电机给蓄电池充电的过程。输电控制器控制蓄电池向 直流驱动电机的放电过程。 当一组蓄电池中的电能用完后， 转入充电状态。另一 组蓄电池开始输放电能给驱动电机。风能电动汽车在运行中始终处于一组电池放 电作功， 另一组蓄电池充电的状态。也可选一组电池边充电边放电运行。当车辆 运行停止时， 可有两种方式继续充电： a、 自然风力的充电； b、通过自备的智能 开关充电器， 外接市电电源充电补充， 2小时可充电 80%左右。  The charge controller controls the process by which the wind generator charges the battery. The power transmission controller controls the discharge process of the battery to the DC drive motor. When the power in a group of batteries is used up, it is transferred to the charging state. Another group of batteries starts to send and discharge energy to the drive motor. Wind power electric vehicles are always in the state of one set of battery discharge work and the other set of batteries are charged. A set of batteries can also be selected to operate while charging. When the vehicle stops running, there are two ways to continue charging: a. Natural wind charging; b. Through the self-provided smart switch charger, the external mains power supply can be recharged, and can be charged about 80% in 2 hours.
对于长距离运行中的用电缺口约占用电量的 20%左右（当设定两组蓄电池组 时， 当一组蓄电池放电完成， 约需用 2小时左右。另一组蓄电池的充电量可完成 80%左右）也可灵活选择配置小型内燃机（功率约为纯内燃机汽车的 50%以内） 以保证连续，远距离运行。当另一组蓄电池充满电能后，马上关掉内燃机发动机， 采用电动运行。  For the long-distance running, the power gap is about 20% of the power consumption (when two sets of battery packs are set, when a group of batteries is discharged, it takes about 2 hours. The charge of the other battery can be It can also be flexibly selected to configure a small internal combustion engine (with a power of less than 50% of a pure internal combustion engine) to ensure continuous and long-distance operation. When the other battery is fully charged, the internal combustion engine is turned off immediately and the electric motor is used.
本发明从整体上***、全面地设计风能电动汽车，从以下几个关键之处设计 可以提高风能发电所占的比例和大幅度提升整体性能- The invention systematically and comprehensively designs a wind energy electric vehicle as a whole, and can design the following key points to improve the proportion of wind power generation and greatly improve the overall performance -
( 1 )现以 4块 12V192AHX 2组蓄电池为例，驱动电机 48V3KW,车辆自重 600kg (含两组电池） 载重 500kg， 风能发电机设计采用 4KW/h， 发电利用率达 90%以 上， 直接向蓄电池组快速充电两小时可达到 80%的蓄电量。 当一组蓄电池充电至 80%以上的电能时， 可提供风能电动汽车运行大约 130KW。 本风能电动汽车设定 时速为： 行驶速度 40Km， 最高时速 85Km， 平均时速 60Km。 一组蓄电池的电能可 维持运行 2小时，两组蓄电池轮用可维持车辆运行 4小时左右，三组蓄电池的电 能可满足车辆连续运行 6小时以上， 续程达到近 400Km。 这个里程相当于出租汽 车的日运行里程数， 风能发电的利用率可达到 90%以上。 （增加一组蓄电池的重 量约为 160kg， 相当于车辆质量的 12%左右增加电能的消耗约 12%， 所以， 从两 组蓄电池增加至三组蓄电池时， 增加的有效能量约为风能电动汽车所需能量的 20%左右）。本发明设计灵活： a、 辅之以停车时的外电充电； b、 驻车时的自然风 发电； c、 选匹配较小功率的内燃机发动机（重量约为 80kg， 约为一组蓄电池的 一半重量， 消耗车辆的电能约 7%)但可达到连续运行的目标效果。 (1) Now take 4 12V192AHX 2 batteries as an example, drive motor 48V3KW, vehicle weight 600kg (including two sets of batteries), load 500kg, wind power generator design adopts 4KW/h, power generation utilization rate is over 90%, direct to battery The group can achieve 80% of the electricity storage in two hours of fast charging. When a group of batteries is charged to more than 80% of the electrical energy, the wind power electric vehicle can be supplied to operate about 130 kW. The wind speed electric vehicle sets the speed: 40Km, the top speed is 85Km, and the average speed is 60Km. The energy of a group of batteries can be maintained for 2 hours. The two sets of battery wheels can maintain the vehicle for about 4 hours. The power of the three groups of batteries can meet the continuous operation of the vehicle for more than 6 hours, and the continuous stroke reaches nearly 400Km. This mileage is equivalent to the daily mileage of the taxi, and the utilization rate of wind power can reach more than 90%. (Adding a battery to a weight of about 160kg, which is equivalent to about 12% of the mass of the vehicle increases the consumption of electric energy by about 12%. Therefore, when the two sets of batteries are increased to three sets of batteries, the effective energy is increased by about the wind electric vehicle. About 20% of energy is required). The design of the invention is flexible: a, supplemented by external charging when parking; b, natural wind when parking Power generation; c. Select an engine with a smaller power (about 80kg, about half the weight of a group of batteries, consume about 7% of the vehicle's power) but achieve the goal of continuous operation.
(2)本发明设计匹配 N组（N l)风能发电***。 当设计匹配选择 N=2组 风能发电***时根据风洞模拟试验的数据显示， 车辆的风阻系数提髙约 7% (因 风能发电***釆用微风发电， 阻力系数较小）， 消耗电能 7%左右， 重量增加约 65kg, 增加消耗电能约 8%， 但是增加的发电量是一倍以上， 续程里程可在前第 (2) The present invention is designed to match a N-group (N l) wind power generation system. When the design match selects N=2 wind power generation system, according to the wind tunnel simulation test data, the wind resistance coefficient of the vehicle is about 7% (because the wind power generation system uses the breeze to generate electricity, the drag coefficient is small), and the power consumption is 7%. Left and right, the weight increases by about 65kg, and the power consumption is increased by about 8%, but the increased power generation is more than doubled.
( 1 ) 条的基础上成倍增加， 但是与前（1 )条增加小型发动机相比， 重量相当， 但投资成本是发动机的 5倍以上。 使用 10年， 其油料费的节省， 不但可抵消其 风能发电***的成本， 并可有另外达 50%左右的费用 （维修费、 燃料费）等的节 省。 按每天油耗费 100元计， 10年可节省油耗费近 30万元人民币。 本发明风能 电动汽车的较优化设计方案是： a、匹配一套风能发电***和两组蓄电池组合； b、 两套风能发电***和三组蓄电池组合。效能均可达到 90%以上的风能电动利用率， 达到风能电动汽车连续运行的目的。 (1) The number of articles is multiplied, but compared with the previous (1) increase of small engines, the weight is equivalent, but the investment cost is more than 5 times that of the engine. After 10 years of use, the savings in fuel costs will not only offset the cost of the wind power generation system, but also have an additional cost of about 50% (maintenance, fuel costs). According to the daily fuel consumption of 100 yuan, 10 years can save nearly 300,000 yuan in fuel consumption. The more optimized design scheme of the wind energy electric vehicle of the invention is: a , matching a wind power generation system and two sets of battery combinations; b, two sets of wind energy power generation systems and three sets of battery combinations. The efficiency can reach more than 90% of the wind energy electric utilization rate, and achieve the purpose of continuous operation of the wind energy electric vehicle.
(3)本发明风能发电利用 （节能）方案是风能电动汽车车身采用： a、 比重 约为钢板 25%的复合材料，先进复合材料比重仅为 8%左右； b、比重的为钢板 30% 的铝合金材料； c、 比重仅为钢板的 10%左右的镁合金材料； d、 钢板材料。 前三 种材料的利用， 均减少了自重耗电能 30%以上。  (3) The wind energy power generation utilization (energy saving) scheme of the present invention is adopted for the wind energy electric vehicle body: a. The composite material having a specific gravity of about 25% of the steel plate, the advanced composite material has a specific gravity of only about 8%; b, the specific gravity is 30% of the steel plate. Aluminum alloy material; c, magnesium alloy material with a specific gravity of only about 10% of the steel plate; d, steel plate material. The use of the first three materials has reduced the energy consumption of self-weight by more than 30%.
(4)本发明在***结构等方面创新设计。底盘连接设计采用： a、独立悬挂 方式； b、 全承载方式； c、 底盘创新设计采用弹性桥结构***； d、 底盘车身连 接中创新采用弹性体材料过渡。上述设计的优点是:①减少了车辆运行中的振动、 颠波达 30%以上； ②减少了不必要的地面磨擦阻力 20%以上， 噪音也相对减少。 ③对整车尤其是风能发电***的稳定性起到保障作用；④增强了车辆运行的舒适 性、 安全性和经济性。  (4) The present invention is innovatively designed in terms of system structure and the like. The chassis connection design adopts: a. independent suspension mode; b, full load bearing mode; c. innovative design of the chassis adopts elastic bridge structure system; d. innovative use of elastomer material transition in chassis body connection. The advantages of the above design are: 1 reducing the vibration and the up-and-down of the vehicle during operation by more than 30%; 2 reducing the unnecessary ground friction resistance by more than 20%, and the noise is relatively reduced. 3 to ensure the stability of the whole vehicle, especially the wind power generation system; 4 enhance the comfort, safety and economy of the vehicle operation.
(5)本发明风能电动汽车， 在风能发电***的零件总成配制上， 采用了① 风叶轮的多样型匹配，半球型、半柱型及海螺型风叶轮发电***设计在车辆顶部 安置匹配；螺旋浆式风叶轮设计在车前上部和车尾部匹配连接，有效地减小离地 高度， 增加安全有效性。在风叶轮和发电机之间的连接上， 釆用万向装置和自动 校正同心度功能装置， 解决了车辆因颠波、振动、摇摆而带来的工作效率影响和 ***的损坏问题。 (6) 本发明釆用了手动和自动伸缩风能发电***风轮叶和连杆的***， 可 供车辆因空间大小和风力大小而做出的适时适地调整。 (5) The wind energy electric vehicle of the present invention adopts a variety of matching of the wind impeller in the assembly of the wind power generation system component parts, and the hemispherical, semi-column and conch type wind impeller power generation system design is arranged and matched on the top of the vehicle; The propeller-type wind impeller is designed to match the upper part of the front and the rear part of the vehicle, effectively reducing the height from the ground and increasing safety and effectiveness. On the connection between the wind impeller and the generator, the universal gimbal device and the automatic correction concentricity function device are used to solve the problem of the work efficiency caused by the wave, vibration and sway of the vehicle and the damage of the system. (6) The present invention employs a system of manual and automatic telescopic wind power generation system wind turbine blades and connecting rods, which can be adapted to the timely and appropriate adjustment of the vehicle due to the size of the space and the size of the wind.
(7) 本发明设计了蓄电池在车顶部设可控通风箱区放置的可选择方案， 充 分利用了外部空间，加大了车辆的使用空间，缩短了发电到蓄电的电路距离和接 驳难度， 优化了电池的置放环境， 提高了充、放电效率和使用寿命， 防止了电池 在内部空间的污染问题， 通风问题和恒温问题， 易更换、 易维修、 易切换。 同时 对车辆内空间的设计达到了人体工程学最优化和空间利用的最大化。 附图说明 图 1为本发明风能电动汽车的工作原理图；  (7) The invention designs an alternative scheme for the storage of the battery in the controllable ventilation box area at the top of the vehicle, fully utilizes the external space, increases the use space of the vehicle, and shortens the circuit distance and connection difficulty of power generation to storage. Optimized the battery placement environment, improved charging and discharging efficiency and service life, prevented battery contamination in the internal space, ventilation problems and constant temperature problems, easy to replace, easy to maintain, easy to switch. At the same time, the design of the interior space of the vehicle achieves ergonomic optimization and maximum space utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a working principle diagram of a wind energy electric vehicle according to the present invention;
图 2为本发明实施例 1之螺旋浆式风能电动汽车车身俯视图；  2 is a top plan view of a propeller-type wind energy electric vehicle body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图 3为本发明实施例 1之螺旋浆式风能电动汽车车身前视图；  3 is a front view of a propeller-type wind energy electric vehicle body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图 4为本发明实施例 1之螺旋浆式风能电动汽车车身侧视图；  4 is a side view of a propeller-type wind energy electric vehicle body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图 5为本发明实施例 2之半球型风能电动汽车车身俯视图；  Figure 5 is a top plan view of a hemispherical wind energy electric vehicle body according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图 6为本发明实施例 2之半球型风能电动汽车车身前视图；  Figure 6 is a front view of a hemispherical wind energy electric vehicle body according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图 7为本发明实施例 2之半球型风能电动汽车车身侧视图； 具体实施方式 下面列举一部分具体实施例对本发明进行说明，有必要在此指出的是以下具 体实施例只用于对本发明作迸一步说明，不代表对本发明保护范围的限制。其他 人根据本发明做出的一些非本质的修改和调整仍属于本发明的保护范围。  Figure 7 is a side view of a hemispherical wind energy electric vehicle body according to a second embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to a part of specific embodiments, and it is necessary to point out that the following specific embodiments are only used for the present invention. The description in one step does not represent a limitation on the scope of the invention. Some non-essential modifications and adaptations made by others in accordance with the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.
本发明实施例之风能电动汽车， 包括电源***、汽车车身、底盘悬挂承载系 统、操作控制***、制动***和照明***， 电源***由风力发电机、充电控制器、 蓄电池组和输电控制器组成，风力发电机、充电控制器、蓄电池组和输电控制器 依次连接组成电源***向电动汽车提供电源而驱动电动汽车运行。 详细描述如 下：  The wind energy electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the invention comprises a power supply system, an automobile body, a chassis suspension carrying system, an operation control system, a braking system and a lighting system, and the power system is composed of a wind power generator, a charging controller, a battery pack and a power transmission controller. The wind power generator, the charging controller, the battery pack and the power transmission controller are sequentially connected to form a power supply system to supply power to the electric vehicle to drive the electric vehicle to operate. The detailed description is as follows:
(一）风力发电电源***  (1) Wind power generation system
风力发电电源***由： a、 风叶轮， 可釆用螺旋浆式 （如图 2-4所示， 图中 1为螺旋浆式风叶轮， 2为叶轮伸缩点， 3为发电机， 4为平衡尾翼， 5为固定支 架， 6为车身， 7为车轮)、 半球型（如图 5-7所示， 图中 1为半球型风叶轮， 2 为叶轮连杆伸缩点， 3为发电机， 5为固定底座， 6为车身， 7为车轮)、半柱型、 海蟪贝壳型四种风轮叶片。 b、 发电机， 采用励磁或永磁直流无刷发电机， 强磁 材料使发电超载能力达 2倍以上。发电机和风叶轮之间采用万向式连接，并设自 动调节同心度装置， 以解决因振动， 颠波和强风引起的不平衡问题。 c、 输出电 流采用封闭式输电滑环， 电缆不会缠绕， 噪音减到最低。 d、 充电采用恒压充电 控制器， 高效率快反应的矢量控制， 具备各种保护装置和电能再生控制，蓄电池 充电功能最大扭矩及效率控制； 以及电池组充满电后自动切换装置。 e、 蓄电池 为 N块合并串联为一组， 根据车辆质量和体积大小设定使用 N 1块电池同时设 定电池为 N组 （N 1 )， 每组蓄电池功率能独立承担车辆正常运行。 当一组蓄电 池充满电后进入工作放电状态时，充电控制器自动切入（或人工切换）至另一组 蓄电池进行充电， 每组蓄电池均在完全充、放电后， 循环工作及充电， 避免了蓄 电池因充放电频密度大而导致加快损耗失效的问题。 f、 逆变器解决电能向驱动 马达和车辆用电电器的交、 直流转换及合理安全输送和再生电能回收入蓄电池。 The wind power supply system consists of: a, wind impeller, can be used with propeller type (as shown in Figure 2-4, in the figure 1 is a propeller wind impeller, 2 is an impeller telescopic point, 3 is a generator, 4 is a balanced tail, 5 is a fixed bracket, 6 is a body, 7 is a wheel), hemisphere type (as shown in Figure 5-7) Medium 1 is a hemispherical wind impeller, 2 is an impeller connecting rod telescopic point, 3 is a generator, 5 is a fixed base, 6 is a body, 7 is a wheel), a semi-column type, and a jellyfish shell type four wind wheel blades. b. Generator, using excitation or permanent magnet DC brushless generator, strong magnetic material to make the power generation overload capacity more than 2 times. A universal joint is used between the generator and the wind impeller, and an automatic adjustment concentricity device is provided to solve the imbalance caused by vibration, over-wave and strong wind. c. The output current adopts a closed transmission slip ring, the cable will not be entangled, and the noise is minimized. d, charging using constant voltage charging controller, high efficiency and fast response vector control, with various protection devices and power regeneration control, battery charging function maximum torque and efficiency control; and automatic switching device after battery pack is fully charged. e. The battery is N blocks combined and connected in series. According to the mass and volume of the vehicle, N 1 batteries are used and the battery is set to N group (N 1 ). Each group of battery power can independently bear the normal operation of the vehicle. When a group of batteries is fully charged and enters the working discharge state, the charging controller automatically cuts in (or manually switches) to another group of batteries for charging. Each group of batteries is fully charged and discharged, cyclically working and charging, avoiding the battery. Due to the high frequency density of charge and discharge, the problem of accelerated loss is accelerated. f. The inverter solves the AC and DC conversion of the electric energy to the drive motor and the electric appliance of the vehicle, and reasonably safely transports and regenerates the electric energy back to the storage battery.
(二）风能电动汽车车身， 底盘悬挂， 承载***设计  (2) Wind energy electric vehicle body, chassis suspension, bearing system design
1、 风能发电***采取： a、 车前部支架悬挂支撑连接； b、 车顶部釆用底座 或三角支撑架连接； c、 车尾部悬架支撑连接； d、专用尾车拖挂。连接部件均釆 用水平、垂直的矩管、桁条、底坐和三角形支架支撑并以螺栓及焊接方式连接车 身。  1. The wind power generation system adopts: a. The front bracket of the car is suspended and supported; b. The top of the car is connected by a base or a triangular support frame; c. The rear suspension support connection; d. The special tail car is towed. The connecting parts are supported by horizontal and vertical rectangular tubes, purlins, bottom seats and triangular brackets and bolted and welded to the body.
2、 电源采用直接从发电机的封闭滑环中接出， 导入蓄电池组。  2. The power supply is taken directly from the closed slip ring of the generator and introduced into the battery pack.
3、蓄电池组的安放可灵活选择： a、 车身前部设计的碰撞保险缓冲区内； b、 车身沙发座椅底部的空间区； c、车身尾部行李箱底区。 d、车身外顶部专设外空 间电池置放区箱。  3. The battery pack can be flexibly selected: a. The collision insurance buffer in the front part of the car body; b. The space area at the bottom of the body sofa seat; c. The bottom area of the trunk of the car body. d. The outer space of the vehicle body is specially equipped with a battery compartment for the outer space.
4、车身和底盘部件的连接灵活选择全承载式和独立悬挂式两种方式。 a、全 承载式直接将汽车驱动***，车轮***，制动***，操控***等与车身直接连接。 b、 独立悬挂式将上述诸多***均与底盘车架连接， 底盘车架再与车身采用弹性 材料及紧固件连接。  4, the body and chassis components are flexible to choose between full load and independent suspension. a. Full load bearing directly connects the car drive system, wheel system, brake system, control system and so on with the vehicle body. b. Independent suspension The above systems are connected to the chassis frame, and the chassis frame is connected with the body by elastic materials and fasteners.
5、 车辆驱动采用 a、 前轮驱动； b、 后轮驱动； c、 四轮驱动三种方式， 釆 用四轮驱动时， 设前后桥二组驱动电机， 驱动电机与变速箱、减速机连接， 变速 箱、 减速机与传动轴连接； 传动轴同四轮桥连接， 前后轮桥带动四轮转动。 5. Vehicle drive adopts a, front wheel drive; b, rear wheel drive; c, four-wheel drive three modes, 釆 When four-wheel drive is used, two sets of front and rear axle drive motors are provided. The drive motor is connected with the gearbox and reducer. The gearbox and reducer are connected with the drive shaft. The drive shaft is connected with the four-wheel bridge, and the front and rear axles drive the four-wheel rotation.
6、 风能电动汽车可选择采用油电混合方式， 由燃机置于前驱动舱内时， 电 动驱动马达置于后轮桥驱动。  6. The wind energy electric vehicle can be selected by the oil-electric hybrid mode. When the gas engine is placed in the front drive cabin, the electric drive motor is driven by the rear wheel bridge.
7、风能电动汽车车身采用 a、复合材料； b、钢板材料； c、铝合金材料； d、 镁合金材料等四类材料之一种或混合材料制作而成。  7. The wind energy electric vehicle body is made of a, composite material; b, steel plate material; c, aluminum alloy material; d, magnesium alloy material and other four materials or mixed materials.
(三）风能电动汽车操控***  (3) Wind energy electric vehicle control system
1、 方向控制***， 由方向盘与转向管柱连接， 转向管柱与连轴器连接， 连 轴器与转向机连接， 转向机与车前轮桥连接， 带动车轮转向。  1. The direction control system is connected by the steering wheel to the steering column, the steering column is connected with the coupling, the coupling is connected with the steering gear, and the steering machine is connected with the front wheel axle to drive the steering of the wheel.
2、 全车控制***采用车辆 ECU电脑控制。 指示车辆行驶速度； 行驶命令； 各种警示信号，显示电池充电情况及使用计量结果；与控制器一起形成故障保护 相互监视功能，备有用户接口，可进行各种行驶信息的输出记录。通过仪表显示， 车辆的停、 行、 快、 慢状态， 由专设的手动或脚踏开关控制。  2. The whole vehicle control system is controlled by the vehicle ECU computer. Indicates the speed of the vehicle; the driving command; various warning signals, indicating the battery charging condition and the use of the measurement result; forming a fault protection together with the controller. The mutual monitoring function is provided with a user interface for outputting and recording various driving information. Through the meter display, the vehicle's stop, line, fast and slow state is controlled by a dedicated manual or foot switch.
(四）风能电动汽车的制动***，采用脚踏***和手动式两种制动方式， 分 别同刹车泵和制动钳总成连接，刹车泵和制动钳总成通过液压方式作制动功于四 个轮桥， 刹车油管采取米字形交叉连接布置。  (4) The braking system of the wind energy electric vehicle adopts the pedal system and the manual two braking modes, which are respectively connected with the brake pump and the brake caliper assembly, and the brake pump and the brake caliper assembly are hydraulically braked. Thanks to the four wheel bridges, the brake hoses are arranged in a m-shaped cross-connection.
(五）风能电动汽车的照明***、 电路***  (5) Lighting system and circuit system of wind energy electric vehicle
1、 车辆运行中的用电， 均由蓄电池通过继电器， 保险开关供应。 电路采用 枝形一体化***设计至每一个用电器具。  1. The electricity used in the running of the vehicle is supplied by the battery through the relay and the safety switch. The circuit is designed with a dendrite integrated system to each electrical appliance.
2、 车辆照明***采用 a、 卤钨灯； b、 发光二极管 （LED) 两种形式。 由蓄 电池经过汽车电路和继电器、保险***供电。控制由 ECU通过开关及调光***控 制， 开关由手动式旋钮组成。  2. Vehicle lighting system adopts a, tungsten halogen lamp; b, light-emitting diode (LED) two forms. Power is supplied from the battery through the car circuit and relays and the insurance system. Control is controlled by the ECU through the switch and dimming system, and the switch consists of a manual knob.
(六）风能电动汽车的动力驱动***  (6) Power drive system for wind energy electric vehicles
动力驱动采用励磁或永磁式直流电机为驱动马达，根据车辆的质量不同分别 灵活釆用 NKW/h (N^ l )的功率配置， 与风力发电机的功率及蓄电池的功率进行 ***化的科学匹配。  The power drive uses an excitation or permanent magnet DC motor as the drive motor. The power configuration of the NKW/h (N^l) is flexibly adapted according to the quality of the vehicle, and the power of the wind turbine and the power of the battery are systematic. match.
适用的车轮为 N英寸（N 10)起始；设计使用的驱动电机的最大效率达 90% 以上； 传动齿轮采用行星齿轮， 采用 1 :N的比例 （N 1 )。  The applicable wheels are N-inch (N 10) starting; the designed drive motor has a maximum efficiency of over 90%; the drive gears are planetary gears with a 1:N ratio (N 1 ).
本发明实施例的风能电动汽车的重要参数如下： 体积 4010mmX 1420腿 X 3960mm (螺旋浆式风叶轮电动汽车） The important parameters of the wind energy electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the invention are as follows: Volume 4010mmX 1420 legs X 3960mm (screw type wind impeller electric car)
体积 4010議 X I 420議 X 2630mm (半球及半柱型风叶轮电动汽车） Volume 4010 Discussion X I 420 Discussion X 2630mm (Half and Semi-column Wind Impeller Electric Vehicles)
轮胎 16英寸 Tire 16 inches
额定乘员 5人 蓄电池 12V192AHX 4/48V Rated occupant 5 people Battery 12V192AHX 4/48V
四串联 XN组并联（或 N组独立） N^l  Four series XN group parallel (or N group independent) N^l
风能发电机功率 4KW/h， 轴距 1710mm, 轮距 1320mm Wind power generator power 4KW/h, wheelbase 1710mm, track 1320mm
最髙时速 80km/h， 行驶速度 60km/h The last speed is 80km/h, and the driving speed is 60km/h.
续航里程最大 400km， 净重 600kg (含电池）载重 500kg The cruising range is up to 400km, the net weight is 600kg (including battery), and the load is 500kg.
驱动马达 3kw/h， ECU智能控制， 无级变速， 最大噪音〈50dB (A) Drive motor 3kw/h, ECU intelligent control, stepless speed change, maximum noise <50dB (A)
注： （1 )蓄电池 12V192AHX 4XN组免维护阀控式铅酸蓄电池， 放电深度 80%左 右。 Note: (1) Battery 12V192AHX 4XN group maintenance-free valve-regulated lead-acid battery, the depth of discharge is about 80%.
(2) 电机； 3kw/48V励磁 （永磁）直流无刷电机， 电动机效率在 90%左右， 因无电刷， 电机噪音几近于零， 电动汽车运行安静、 平稳、 舒适。  (2) Motor; 3kw/48V excitation (permanent magnet) DC brushless motor, motor efficiency is about 90%, because there is no brush, the motor noise is almost zero, and the electric car runs quietly, smoothly and comfortably.
( 3) 续航里程， 在蓄电池轮流充电时（3组电池可达 400km)  (3) Endurance mileage, when the battery is charged in turn (3 sets of batteries can reach 400km)
(4) ECU及数据采集显示***（已述）全部数据可通过接口导入操控仪表 盘显示， 全面、 准确了解电动汽车的运行情况。  (4) All data of ECU and data acquisition and display system (described) can be displayed through the interface and displayed on the dashboard to provide a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the operation of the electric vehicle.
(5)由于创新采用新材料的车身，整车通过国家检测中心的 51km/h的正面 碰撞试验， 达到并超过国 II标准， 比钢板车的抗冲击强度二倍以上， 安全性极 大保障。  (5) Due to the innovative use of the body of the new material, the vehicle passed the 51km/h frontal crash test of the National Testing Center and reached and exceeded the National II standard, which is more than twice the impact strength of the steel plate car, and the safety is extremely guaranteed.
(6)新材料车身， 具备粘弹性特质， 能量转换快， 不生锈， 阻燃性好， 不 导电， 使用寿命延长 20年以上， 电动汽车的线路使用环境好， 效率高。 不怕漏 电短路。  (6) New material body, with viscoelastic characteristics, fast energy conversion, no rust, good flame retardancy, non-conductivity, extended service life for more than 20 years, electric vehicle line environment is good, high efficiency. Not afraid of leakage short circuit.
(7)车身加工制做工艺简单， 空间易规划调整， 对蓄电池的搁放完全采取 安全、 合理， 并可向外部空间要位置。  (7) The process of manufacturing the body is simple, the space is easy to plan and adjust, and the storage of the battery is completely safe and reasonable, and the position to the external space is required.
(8)车顶负载约可达 1000kg以上，风能发电***和蓄电池的安装固定不会 出现车身下垂凹陷和变型， 稳定性好。  (8) The roof load can be up to 1000kg or more. The installation and fixing of the wind power generation system and the battery will not cause the sagging and deformation of the vehicle body, and the stability is good.
(9)风阻系数经风洞模拟试验， 比其它汽车类只增加 15%左右， 但电能可 自身解决 90%左右， 动则生风， 遇风发电， 车辆静止时可微风 2级启动发电， 源 源不竭， 是真正意义上的天然、 再生及永续的能源应用。  (9) The wind resistance coefficient has been increased by about 15% compared with other automobile types by wind tunnel simulation test, but the electric energy can solve about 90% by itself, and the wind is generated by wind. When the vehicle is stationary, the wind can be started at 2 levels. Inexhaustible, it is a true natural, renewable and sustainable energy application.

Claims

权 利 要 求 Rights request
1、 一种风能电动汽车， 包括电源***、 汽车车身、 底盘悬挂承载***、 操 作控制***、制动***和照明***，其特征在于：所述的电源***由风力发电机、 充电控制器、 蓄电池组和输电控制器组成， 风力发电机、 充电控制器、 蓄电池组 和输电控制器依次连接组成电源***向电动汽车提供电源而驱动电动汽车运行。  1 . A wind energy electric vehicle, comprising a power system, a vehicle body, a chassis suspension bearing system, an operation control system, a braking system and a lighting system, wherein the power system is composed of a wind power generator, a charging controller, and a battery The group and the power transmission controller are composed, and the wind power generator, the charging controller, the battery pack and the power transmission controller are sequentially connected to form a power supply system to supply power to the electric vehicle to drive the electric vehicle to operate.
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的风能电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的风力发电机 的风叶轮为螺旋浆式风叶轮，螺旋桨式风叶轮通过固定支架固定在车身的前上部 或尾部， 螺旋桨式风叶轮的平衡尾尾翼设置在车身的尾部。  2. The wind energy electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the wind impeller of the wind power generator is a propeller wind impeller, and the propeller type wind impeller is fixed to the front upper part or the tail part of the vehicle body by a fixed bracket, the propeller The balanced tail fin of the wind impeller is placed at the rear of the body.
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的风能电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的螺旋浆式风 叶轮为固定式风叶轮或伸缩式风叶轮， 伸缩式风叶轮上设有伸缩点。  3. The wind energy electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: the propeller type wind impeller is a fixed type wind impeller or a telescopic type wind impeller, and the telescopic type wind impeller is provided with a telescopic point.
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的风能电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的风力发电机 的风叶轮为半球型风叶轮， 半球型风叶轮通过固定底座固定在车身的顶部。  4. The wind energy electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the wind impeller of the wind power generator is a hemispherical wind impeller, and the hemispherical wind impeller is fixed to the top of the vehicle body by a fixed base.
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的风能电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的风力发电机 的风叶轮为半柱型风叶轮， 半柱型风叶轮通过固定底座固定在车身的顶部、前部 或后部。  5. The wind energy electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the wind turbine of the wind generator is a semi-column wind impeller, and the semi-column wind impeller is fixed to the top, the front or the front of the vehicle body through a fixed base. rear.
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的风能电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的风力发电机 的风叶轮为海螺型风叶轮，海螺型风叶轮通过固定底座固定在车身的顶部、前部 或后部。  6. The wind energy electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the wind impeller of the wind power generator is a conch type wind impeller, and the conch type wind impeller is fixed to the top, the front or the rear of the vehicle body through a fixed base. .
7、 根据权利要求 4、 5或 6所述的风能电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的风叶 轮的连杆为固定式连杆或伸缩式连杆， 伸缩式连杆上设有伸缩点。  The wind energy electric vehicle according to claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein the connecting rod of the wind wheel is a fixed link or a telescopic link, and the telescopic link is provided with a telescopic point.
8、 根据权利要求 2、 4、 5或 6所述的风能电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的 风力发电机的发电机为励磁或永磁直流无刷发电机，发电机和风叶轮之间为万向 式连接， 并设有自动调节同心度装置。  8. The wind energy electric vehicle according to claim 2, 4, 5 or 6, wherein: the generator of the wind power generator is an excitation or permanent magnet DC brushless generator, and the generator and the wind impeller are Universal connection and automatic adjustment concentricity device.
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的风能电动车， 其特征在于： 所述的蓄电池组设有 一组或一组以上， 并配备有使用市电供电的智能开关充电器。  9. The wind energy electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the battery pack is provided with one or more sets and is equipped with a smart switch charger powered by a mains.
10、根据权利要求 1所述的风能电动车， 其特征在于： 所述的电动汽车配备 有小型内燃机。  The wind energy electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the electric vehicle is equipped with a small internal combustion engine.
PCT/CN2007/001069 2006-12-13 2007-04-02 Wind-power electric vehicle WO2008071045A1 (en)

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CNA2006101241848A CN1986273A (en) 2006-12-13 2006-12-13 Wind-driven electromobile
CN200610124184.8 2006-12-13

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CN104786757A (en) * 2015-03-25 2015-07-22 张彬彬 Tire pressure vehicle-mounted device
CN106004465A (en) * 2016-06-16 2016-10-12 上海电机学院 Electric vehicle wind energy utilization device and realizing method thereof
CN105946617A (en) * 2016-06-28 2016-09-21 无锡新大力电机有限公司 Electric system of solar electric vehicle and charging method of electric system
CN106114239A (en) * 2016-06-28 2016-11-16 无锡新大力电机有限公司 A kind of driving motor of the power system for solar electrically propelled vehicle
CN105946618A (en) * 2016-06-28 2016-09-21 无锡新大力电机有限公司 Power system of solar electric vehicle comprising motor terminal box
CN105946619A (en) * 2016-06-28 2016-09-21 无锡新大力电机有限公司 Electric power system of solar electric car and charging method thereof
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