WO2008067730A1 - Procédé de traitement de bague interne et rectifieuse interne de celui-ci - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement de bague interne et rectifieuse interne de celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008067730A1
WO2008067730A1 PCT/CN2007/003468 CN2007003468W WO2008067730A1 WO 2008067730 A1 WO2008067730 A1 WO 2008067730A1 CN 2007003468 W CN2007003468 W CN 2007003468W WO 2008067730 A1 WO2008067730 A1 WO 2008067730A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
workpiece
main shaft
inner hole
grinding
processing method
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/003468
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hong Zhong
Original Assignee
Hong Zhong
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hong Zhong filed Critical Hong Zhong
Publication of WO2008067730A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008067730A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work
    • B24B5/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces internally
    • B24B5/10—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces internally involving a horizontal tool spindle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B5/40—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding tubes internally

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an inner circle processing method and an inner cylindrical grinding machine using the same, and a typical application thereof is a sleeve for processing a high precision sleeve type spindle unit.
  • the typical design of the sleeve type spindle unit is shown in Figure 1.
  • the high-precision sleeve type spindle unit has a high-precision inner hole at each end of the sleeve.
  • the coaxiality of the two inner holes is very high. High, usually below 0.01mm. Grinding is an important processing method for high-precision spindle sleeves. As shown in Fig. 2, since the conventional grinding machine has only one grinding head, the spindle unit must be clamped on the head frame, the spindle unit rotates, the grinding head feeds the knife, and the inner hole is machined first.
  • the grinding head retracts, the spindle The unit stops rotating, then the spindle unit is rotated 180 degrees to re-clamp, and then repeat the above operation to machine the inner hole at the other end. Since the central axis of the spindle unit must have a certain angular error during the two clamping, the inner hole at both ends must have a coaxiality error, and there are many factors affecting the angular error, such as the outer cylindrical cylindricity of the spindle unit, The random deviation generated during the clamping process, etc., is difficult to ensure the coaxiality of the inner holes at both ends of the sleeve.
  • a high-precision turntable (or a CNC turntable) has been used to mount the sleeve type spindle unit. After finishing the inner hole of one end, rotate the turntable 180 degrees so that the inner hole of the other end comes to the grinding head part, and then the inner hole of the other end is processed.
  • High-precision turntable (or CNC turntable) has its own corner error. Theoretically, there must be coaxiality error in the inner hole.
  • the coaxiality error depends on the manufacturing precision of the high-precision turntable (or CNC turntable), despite the current high-precision turntable ( Or the high manufacturing precision of the CNC rotary table can make the corner error of 15 seconds or less, but if the sleeve length is 350mm, the inner hole of the sleeve is coaxial.
  • the degree error ⁇ ⁇ is calculated as follows:
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an inner circle processing method and an inner cylindrical grinding machine using the same, which can eliminate the coaxiality error of the inner holes at both ends of the sleeve type spindle unit, and can simplify the processing flow and improve the processing efficiency.
  • the inner circle processing method of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:
  • the workpiece is clamped on the hollow main shaft of the head frame;
  • a grinding head first feeds the knife from one side of the workpiece and processes the inner hole at one end. After the inner hole is finished, the grinding head retracts:
  • Another grinding head feeds from the other side of the workpiece, and the inner hole of the other end is machined. After the inner hole is processed, the hollow main shaft of the head frame stops rotating, and the workpiece is removed.
  • the inner cylindrical grinding machine using the inner circle processing method described above has two oppositely disposed grinding heads on the main guide rail of the bed, and a head main shaft hollow shaft with a workpiece that can be clamped between the two grinding heads.
  • the invention Since the invention has two oppositely disposed grinding heads, there is a headstock hollow main shaft between the two grinding heads for clamping the workpiece.
  • the operation is as follows: the workpiece is clamped on the hollow main shaft of the head frame, the hollow main shaft of the head frame starts to rotate, and a grinding head first feeds the blade and processes the same
  • the inner hole at one end, after machining, the grinding head retracts; the other grinding head enters the knife, and the other end is processed
  • Hole the inner hole is processed, the hollow spindle of the head frame stops rotating, the workpiece is removed, and the operation is completed.
  • two inner holes can be processed in one clamping, and the workpiece is not required to be rotated by the ISO degree, so that when the two inner holes are machined, the workpiece rotates around the same rotation axis, and there is no possibility of coaxiality error. .
  • the axis of rotation is inconsistent with the central axis of the workpiece, and the inner holes at both ends are strictly aligned with the axis of rotation as the common central axis, and no coaxiality error occurs between the two inner holes.
  • the use of the present invention to machine the inner bores of the sleeve-type workpiece does not result in other processing accuracy requirements being insufficient.
  • the rotation error of the grinding head will cause the inner hole to be elliptical; the straightness error of the reciprocating pass will cause the inner hole to be tapered; the accuracy of the reading of the feed motion will cause the dimensional error of the inner hole.
  • the hollow main shaft of the head frame can adopt the existing high-spinning precision static pressure spindle, and its rotation precision can reach below 0.003mm; the straightness of the reciprocating cutter is that the straightness of the guide rail has reached below 0.005mmyi 000mni; the reading accuracy of the feed motion Has reached 0.00imm.
  • the invention can be used in conjunction with the advanced techniques described above to ensure that other processing accuracy requirements are met.
  • the workpiece is not required to be transferred, thereby saving the operation procedure of the workpiece unloading, clamping and coaxiality adjustment, so that the operation is simplified and the work efficiency can be remarkably improved.
  • the invention can also be used to machine other workpieces that include an inner circle that requires a high degree of concentricity.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a sleeve type spindle unit
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a processing method of a conventional sleeve type spindle unit
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the processing method of the sleeve type spindle unit using the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a horizontal internal grinding machine incorporating the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a vertical internal cylindrical grinding machine incorporating the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a grinding machine retrofitted on an existing grinding machine using the present invention.
  • the present invention comprises two grinding heads 1 disposed opposite each other with a headstock hollow main shaft 2 between which the workpiece can be clamped between the two grinding heads.
  • the high-precision precision hydrostatic spindle is preferred.
  • the high-spinning precision hydrostatic spindle is a prior art with a rotation accuracy of less than 0.003 mm.
  • the internal cylindrical grinding machine of the present invention can be either horizontal (Fig. 4), vertical (Fig. 5) or modified by an existing grinding machine (Fig. 6).
  • the headstock hollow main shaft 2 can also be selected from a rolling bearing main shaft or a plain bearing main shaft, and can also achieve the object of the present invention.
  • the invention processes the inner circle of the workpiece according to the following steps:
  • the workpiece is clamped on the hollow main shaft 2 of the head frame;
  • a grinding head i first feeds the knife from one side of the workpiece and processes the inner hole at one end. After the inner hole is finished, the grinding head retracts.
  • Another grinding head 1 Feed the knife from the other side of the workpiece and machine the inner hole at the other end. After the inner hole is finished, the hollow spindle of the head frame stops rotating and the workpiece is removed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)

Description

内圆加工方法及使用该方法的内圆磨床
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种内圆加工方法及使用该方法的内圆磨床， 其典型应用场合 是用于加工高精度套筒式主轴单元的套筒。 背景技术：
套筒式主轴单元的典型设计如图 1 所示， 高精度套筒式主轴单元的套筒两 端各有一个高精度内孔， 为保证传动的可靠性， 两内孔的同轴度要求很高， 通 常在 0.01mm 以下。 磨削加工是高精度主轴套筒的一种重要加工方法。 如图 2 所示， 由于传统磨床只有一个磨头， 须将主轴单元装夹在头架上， 主轴单元旋 转， 磨头进刀， 先加工一端内孔， 切削完毕后， 磨头退刀， 主轴单元停止旋转， 然后将主轴单元调转 180度重新装夹后再重复上述操作加工另一端的内孔。 由 于两次装夹时的主轴单元的中心轴必然有一定的角度误差， 从而两端的内孔必 然存在同轴度误差， 影响该角度误差的因素众多， 例如主轴单元的两端外圆圆 柱度、 装夹过程中产生的随机偏差等， 这种装夹工艺难以保证套筒两端内孔的 同轴度。
为了解决上述问题， 有人采用了高精度转台 （或数控转台） 来装夹套筒式 主轴单元。 加工完-一端内孔后， 将转台旋转 180度， 使得另一端内孔来到磨头 部分， 再加工另一端的内孔。 高精度转台 （或数控转台） 本身存在转角误差， 理论上两端内孔一定存在同轴度误差， 同轴度误差取决于高精度转台 （或数控 转台） 的制造精度， 尽管目前高精度转台 （或数控转台） 的高制造精度使得其 转角误差可以达到 15秒以下，但如果套筒长度为 350mm，套筒两端内孔的同轴 度误差 Δ χ计算如下：
Δ χ= 15 χ π - χ 175
60 x 60x 180
=0.012mm 这个误差值已经超过通常的设计要求。 要达到通常的设计要求， 高精度转 台（或数控转台） 的制造精度理论上应达到 7.5秒以下。这样的标准一来实现困 难， 二来即使能够实现， 其成本也十分高昂。 现有的加工套筒式主轴单元的内 圆磨床难以满足套筒式主轴单元的制造精度要求。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是提供一种内圆加工方法及使用该方法的内圆磨床， 能消除 套筒式主轴单元两端内孔的同轴度误差， 并能简化加工工艺流程， 提高加工效 午。
本发明的内圆加工方法按照以下步骤进行：
A. 将工件装夹在头架中空主轴上；
B. 一个磨头首先从工件一侧进刀，加工其一端的内孔，该内孔加工完毕后， 该磨头退刀：
C. 另一个磨头从工件另一侧进刀， 加工另一端的内孔， 该内孔加工完毕， 头架中空主轴停止旋转， 取下工件
使用上述的内圆加工方法的内圆磨床， 在床身的主导轨上装有两个相向设 置的磨头， 两磨头 '之间装有可装夹工件的头架中空主轴。
由于本发明有两个相向设置的磨头， 两磨头之间有可装夹工件的头架中空 主轴。 使用本发明的内圆磨床加工套筒式工件的两端内孔时， 其操作为： 将工 件装夹在头架中空主轴上， 头架中空主轴开始旋转， 一个磨头首先进刀， 加工 其一端的内孔， 加工完毕后， 该磨头退刀； 另一个磨头进刀， 加工另一端的内 孔， 该内孔加工完毕， 头架中空主轴停止旋转， 取下工件， 操作完毕。 使用本 发明加工套筒式工件只需一次装夹就可加工两个内孔， 不需 ISO度调转工件， 使得加工两内孔时， 工件绕同一回转轴线旋转， 没有产生同轴度误差的可能。 即使工件装夹时， 回转轴线与工件的中心轴线不一致， 其两端内孔也严格以回 转轴线为其共同中心轴线， 两内孔之间不会产生同轴度误差。
使用本发明加工套筒式工件两端内孔并不会导致其他加工精度要求不能满 足。 磨头的回转误差会导致内孔呈椭圆形； 往复走刀的直线度误差会导致内孔 呈锥形； 进给运动的读数精度会导致内孔的尺寸误差。 头架中空主轴可采用现 有的高回转精度静压主轴， 其回转精度可达到 0.003mm以下； 往复走刀的直线 度也就是导轨的直线度已达到 0.005mmyi 000mni以下； 进给运动的读数精度已 达到 0.00imm。 本发明可与上述的先进技术联合使用， 保证其他加工精度要求 得到满足。
使用本发明加工套筒式工件两端内孔时不需调转工件， 从而节省了工件拆 卸、 装夹及同轴度调整的操作程序， 使得操作简化， 工作效率可显著提高。 本 发明还可用来加工其他包含同轴度要求较高的内圆的工件。
附图说明：
图 1是套筒式主轴单元的示意图；
图 2是现有的套筒式主轴单元加工方式示意图；
图 3是使用本'发明的套筒式主轴单元加工方式示意图；
图 4是包含本发明的卧式内圆磨床；
图 5是包含本发明的立式内圆磨床；
图 6是运用本发明在现有磨床上改装的磨床。
具体实施方式： 如图 3所示， 本发明包括相向设置的两个磨头 1，在两磨头之间有可装夹工 件的头架中空主轴 2。
头架中空主轴 2优先选择高回转精度静压主轴。 高回转精度静压主轴是现 有技术， 其回转精度可达 0.003mm以下。
本发明的内圆磨床可以是卧式的 （如图 4)、 立式的 （如图 5 ) 或由现有磨 床改装 （如图 6 )。
头架中空主轴 2也可选择滚动轴承主轴或滑动轴承主轴， 同样能达到本发 明的目的。
本发明按照以下步骤加工工件的内圆：
A. 将工件装夹在头架中空主轴 2上；
B. 一个磨头 i首先从工件一侧进刀， 加工其一端的内孔， 该内孔加工完毕 后， 该磨头退刀 ·，
C. 另一个磨头 1从工件另一侧进刀，加工另一端的内孔，该内孔加工完毕， 头架中空主轴停止旋转， 取下工件。
加工完成。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 内圆加工方法： 其特征在于： 按照以下步骤进行：
A. 将工件装夹在头架中空主轴上；
B. 一个磨头首先从工件一侧进刀， 加工其一端的内孔， 该内孔 加工完毕后， 该磨头退刀；
C. 另一个磨头从工件另一侧进刀， 加工另一端的内孔， 该内孔 加工完毕， 头架中空主轴停止旋转， 取下工件。
2. 使用权利要求 1所述的内圆加工方法的内圆磨床，其特征在于: 在床身的主导轨上装有两个相向设置的磨头， 两磨头之间装有 可装夹工件的头架中空主轴。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的内圆磨床， 其特征在于： 头架中空主轴 是高回转精度静压主轴。
4. 根据权利要求 2所述的内圆磨床， 其特征在于： 头架中空主轴 是滚动轴承主轴或滑动轴承主轴。
PCT/CN2007/003468 2006-12-07 2007-12-06 Procédé de traitement de bague interne et rectifieuse interne de celui-ci WO2008067730A1 (fr)

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CNA2006101240718A CN1974126A (zh) 2006-12-07 2006-12-07 内圆加工方法及使用该方法的内圆磨床
CN200610124071.8 2006-12-07

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CN103406807A (zh) * 2013-05-31 2013-11-27 江苏华阳管业股份有限公司 一种直管内壁打磨装置
CN103894896A (zh) * 2014-04-08 2014-07-02 常熟市创新陶瓷有限公司 一种陶瓷套管内孔磨削装置
CN103659499B (zh) * 2012-09-21 2018-01-12 陈松涛 一种钢管内表面磨削方法

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CN1974126A (zh) * 2006-12-07 2007-06-06 钟洪 内圆加工方法及使用该方法的内圆磨床
CN102229103B (zh) * 2011-05-18 2013-01-23 昆山长鹰硬质合金有限公司 内圆小孔研磨磨床
CN105033794A (zh) * 2015-09-01 2015-11-11 李建阳 双头内孔磨床
CN105397636B (zh) * 2015-12-09 2017-10-24 大连理工大学 一种薄壁筒类工件内圆磨削径向定位单元及定位装卡装置
CN109866106A (zh) * 2019-03-05 2019-06-11 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 一种橡胶轴瓦的夹具及利用夹具加工橡胶轴瓦内孔的方法
CN113334200A (zh) * 2021-07-19 2021-09-03 上海唯赛勃环保科技股份有限公司 玻璃钢压力容器膜壳接口加工装置及其加工方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103659499B (zh) * 2012-09-21 2018-01-12 陈松涛 一种钢管内表面磨削方法
CN103406807A (zh) * 2013-05-31 2013-11-27 江苏华阳管业股份有限公司 一种直管内壁打磨装置
CN103894896A (zh) * 2014-04-08 2014-07-02 常熟市创新陶瓷有限公司 一种陶瓷套管内孔磨削装置
CN103894896B (zh) * 2014-04-08 2016-08-17 常熟市创新陶瓷有限公司 一种陶瓷套管内孔磨削装置

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