WO2008032167A1 - Unité de propulsion comprenant deux hélices contrarotatives coaxiales - Google Patents

Unité de propulsion comprenant deux hélices contrarotatives coaxiales Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008032167A1
WO2008032167A1 PCT/IB2007/002586 IB2007002586W WO2008032167A1 WO 2008032167 A1 WO2008032167 A1 WO 2008032167A1 IB 2007002586 W IB2007002586 W IB 2007002586W WO 2008032167 A1 WO2008032167 A1 WO 2008032167A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit according
propeller
blades
shaft
longitudinal shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2007/002586
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stefano Ghignone
Original Assignee
Calzoni S.R.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Calzoni S.R.L. filed Critical Calzoni S.R.L.
Priority to EP07825077A priority Critical patent/EP2069194A1/fr
Publication of WO2008032167A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008032167A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/02—Propeller-blade pitch changing actuated by control element coaxial with propeller shaft, e.g. the control element being rotary
    • B63H3/04—Propeller-blade pitch changing actuated by control element coaxial with propeller shaft, e.g. the control element being rotary the control element being reciprocatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/08—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers of more than one propeller
    • B63H5/10—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers of more than one propeller of coaxial type, e.g. of counter-rotative type

Definitions

  • Propulsion unit comprising two coaxial contra-rotating propellers
  • the present invention relates to a propulsion unit for boats and the like, comprising two coaxial contra-rotating propellers.
  • propulsion units are also known, including, in particular in the naval sector, those equipped with two coaxial propellers positioned on contra- rotating shafts.
  • propulsion units although designed to overcome some limitations of single propeller propulsion units - because they can reduce its diameter and tip speed, with a consequent reduction of the centrifugal forces, the boat reaction torques and the overall weight - have a significant limitation in terms of application, since they are suitable for operation with optimum performance only in a specific and narrow range of boat speeds.
  • a propulsion unit with two contra-rotating propellers is required, in particular for boats, which is suitable for maintaining high performance levels at a wide range of speeds, keeping the advantages of reduced radial dimensions and weight compared with the solution with a single propeller.
  • Said propulsion unit must also be compact, easy and economical to make and assemble and easy to install by any user using normal standardised connecting means, as well as easily accessible for normal maintenance operations.
  • a propulsion unit in particular for boats or the like, comprising two propellers, respectively front and rear, coaxial and contra-rotating, rotationally driven by the shaft of at least a main motor through a motion transmission where the rear propeller rotates at a speed of rotation different to the speed of rotation of the front propeller.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a propulsion unit in accordance with the present invention applied to the bottom of a boat;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-section according to the plane II - II of the front part of the propulsion unit of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-section according to the plane IH - HI of the rear part of the propulsion unit of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-section similar to that of Figure 2 of only the part which controls rotation of the two propellers;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-section according to the plane V - V of Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-section similar to that of Figure 2 of only the part which controls the variation in the pitch of the two propellers, and
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-section according to the plane VII - VII of Figure 6. Detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention
  • Figures 1 and 2 show, for a convenient description only, without having a limiting effect, a set of three axes, with directions respectively longitudinal X - X, transversal Y - Y and vertical Z - Z, as well as a front part corresponding to the bow of the boat and a rear part opposite the previous part.
  • the propulsion unit P is applied to the bottom of a boat 1 and comprises a nose-shaped housing 100 ( Figures 1 and 3). Inside the housing 100 there is a support 110 comprising a circular outer wall 111 fixed to the bottom Ia of the boat, by suitable means, and a circular inner wall 112.
  • the inner wall 112 supports bearings 113 on whose inner thrust block there is axially inserted the hub 114 of a longitudinal splined shaft 210, hollow on the inside and axially held in position by a lock nut 115, easily accessible from the rear part of the housing 100.
  • the longitudinal shaft 210 is part of the chain for transmission of motion to two propellers, respectively a front propeller 300 (that is to say, the first to encounter the fluid in the direction of travel, indicated by the arrow Fl) and a rear propeller 400 (that is to say, the second to encounter the fluid in the direction of travel), positioned at the front of the propulsion unit P.
  • a front propeller 300 that is to say, the first to encounter the fluid in the direction of travel, indicated by the arrow Fl
  • a rear propeller 400 that is to say, the second to encounter the fluid in the direction of travel
  • the chain for transmission of motion comprises a bevel gear 220 positioned in front of the support 110 and designed for connection with the vertical shaft 2a of the main motor of the boat 1.
  • the motor is schematically illustrated with a block 2 in Figure 1.
  • rotation of the vertical shaft 2a causes rotation of the longitudinal shaft 210 with a number of revolutions controlled by the on board instruments, which are of the conventional type and therefore not illustrated or described in detail.
  • the longitudinal shaft 210 and the bevel gear 220 form, for the propulsion unit P, respective means 200 for mechanical transmission of motion from the motor 2 to the propellers 300, 400.
  • the front propeller 300 comprises a hub 310 on which the blades 301 are mounted and secured by screws 301a.
  • the hub 310 has a spherical extension 311, facing inwards, whose function is described below, and is integral with a rotor 320, in turn connected to a tube 321 connected, by a key 211, to the driving shaft 210.
  • the propeller 300 rotates about its own axis Al with the same number of revolutions and with the same direction of rotation as the longitudinal shaft 210.
  • the rear propeller 400 in turn comprises a hub 410 on which the blades 401 are mounted and secured by screws 401a.
  • the hub 410 has a spherical extension 411, facing inwards, whose function is described below, and is integral with a rotor 420, in turn connected to a ring gear
  • the epicyclic gear train 430 comprises a ring gear with teeth on the inside 421, integral with the rotor 420, a gear with teeth on the outside 436, coaxial with the ring gear 421 and integral with a hub 221 in turn integral with the bevel gear 220 and the shaft 210, and a plurality of planet gears 433 inserted between the ring gear 421 and the gear 436.
  • the shafts 433a of the gears 434 are mounted cantilever-style on the spider 431 and are connected to one another, at respective outer ends, by a ring 432 coaxial with the axis Al.
  • the gears 434 forming the planet gears 433 rotate about their own shafts 433a.
  • the gear train 430 is only apparently epicyclic because the shafts 433a of the planet gears 433 are stationary relative to the central axis Al of the gear train. Therefore, it is an ordinary gear train. In spite of this, for the sake of clarity, hereinafter said gear train 430 is referred to as epicyclic.
  • the spider 431 is mounted on a bearing 435 keyed on a hub 221, integral with the bevel gear 220 and the longitudinal shaft 210, so that it is stationary relative to the rotary shaft 210.
  • the planet gears 433, meshing with the gear 436 integral with the shaft 210 are rotationally driven about their own axes and, also meshing with the ring gear with teeth on the inside 421, transmit to the latter a rotating motion which is opposite to the rotating motion of the gear 436. Since the ring gear 421 is integral with the rotor 420 of the rear propeller 400, the latter is also rotationally driven.
  • the idle gears 434 forming the planet gears 433 therefore cause an inversion of the direction of rotation of the propeller 400 relative to the direction of rotation of the longitudinal shaft 210.
  • the epicyclic gear train 430 may be sized to give a reduction or multiplication ratio of the motion of the longitudinal shaft 210 to the rear propeller 400 which therefore rotates with a number of revolutions that is lower or higher, but in any case different, compared with that of the front propeller 300 and in the opposite direction to the latter which is driven directly by the longitudinal shaft 210. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the number
  • NpA of blades 301 of the front propeller 300 is greater than the number NpP of blades 401 of the rear propeller 400 and the epicyclic gear train 430 reduction ratio R is equal to the ratio of the number of front and rear blades
  • R NpA / NpP thus producing a propulsion unit P with coaxial propellers contra-rotating at different speeds.
  • the gear ratio between the speeds of the two contra-rotating propellers 300, 400 is equal to the ratio of the number of blades on the front and rear propellers. For example, according to values one after another of 3/2, 5/3, 7/5, 9/5, 11/7, 13/9, 15/11 with an increase in the diameter of the propellers, in this way causing an improved propulsive performance because the tangential increase in the speed of the rear propeller 400 is reduced.
  • chord CP of the rear propeller 400 blades 401 is much smaller than the chord CA of the front propeller 300.
  • the propulsion unit also comprises means 500 for moving and controlling the pitch of the blades 301, 401 of the respective propellers 300, 400.
  • said means 500 comprise a front ring 510 and a rear ring 520 with vertical axis, having respective spherical slots 511, 521 designed to house the above-mentioned spherical extensions 411, 511 of the two hubs 310, 410 of the propellers 300, 400.
  • the rings 510, 520 are connected to a respective disk 512,
  • each tie rod 530 is integral with a drum 531 connected to a transversal control element 532 in turn integral with a screw 533, coaxially inserted in the longitudinal shaft 210 and engaged on a female screw 534 axially fixed and connected to a front driving motor 535.
  • the rotation of the motor 535 in one direction or the other causes the corresponding rotation of the female screw 534, which forces the screw 533 to rotate, resulting in the movement of the transversal element 532 in one direction or the other and therefore axial movement of the disks 511, 521 in the same direction along the axis Al.
  • the axial movement of the disks 511, 521 forces the blades 301, 401 of the respective propeller 300, 400 to rotate through the ball joint
  • the motor 535 comprises a stepping driving part 535a and an epicyclic transmission unit
  • the propulsion unit disclosed allows high performance, reduced overall dimensions and user-friendliness.
  • the possibility of inserting the tapered shaft 210 longitudinally, securing it at the rear with a lock nut 115 allows very easy and rapid maintenance, since the entire unit can be removed from the nose-shaped housing and substituted with a replacement unit, without the risk of inaccuracy, and performing any maintenance work necessary on the replaced unit in the workshop.
  • a distributor 600 for fluid with a low friction coefficient shown in Figure 3. This is pumped through the cavity
  • the propulsion unit P may give performance that is substantially constant, or in any case very high, for a range of speeds between 5 and 75 knots.
  • the cavity 210a in the longitudinal shaft 210 can also house the electrical cables, not illustrated, used to supply power to the motor which drives the variation in the pitch of the blades.
  • the propulsion unit P disclosed can also rotate through 360° about the vertical axis Z - Z of the boat main motor 2 shaft 2a. This means that with a suitable control unit the propulsion unit P can allow the boat 1 to be manoeuvred, with consequent elimination of the rudder and connected linkages which, as well as being additional parts, are also immersed obstructions which may hinder the best positioning of the propellers.
  • the two propellers, front and rear may rotate at different speeds, thanks to the use of respective independent motors, preferably located in the housing 100.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

L'unité de propulsion pour bateaux ou similaires selon l'invention comprend deux hélices, avant (300) et arrière (400) respectivement, coaxiales et contrarotatives, entraînées de façon rotative par l'arbre (2a) d'au moins un moteur principal (2), l'hélice arrière (400) tournant à une vitesse de rotation différente de la vitesse de rotation de l'hélice avant (300).
PCT/IB2007/002586 2006-09-15 2007-09-10 Unité de propulsion comprenant deux hélices contrarotatives coaxiales WO2008032167A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07825077A EP2069194A1 (fr) 2006-09-15 2007-09-10 Unité de propulsion comprenant deux hélices contrarotatives coaxiales

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI2006A001759 2006-09-15
ITMI20061759 ITMI20061759A1 (it) 2006-09-15 2006-09-15 Gruppo propulsore comprendente due eliche coassiali,contro-rotanti con velocita' di rotazione differenziata

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008032167A1 true WO2008032167A1 (fr) 2008-03-20

Family

ID=38896005

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2007/002586 WO2008032167A1 (fr) 2006-09-15 2007-09-10 Unité de propulsion comprenant deux hélices contrarotatives coaxiales

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2069194A1 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20061759A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008032167A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112937821A (zh) * 2021-03-09 2021-06-11 北京航空航天大学 一种双驱动可折叠共轴螺旋桨装置
CN114379751A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-22 武汉理工大学 一种可调节前桨与后桨间叶间距的对转桨推进装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3002208B1 (fr) 2014-10-03 2018-12-05 Calzoni S.r.l. Dispositif amelioré d'introduction d'air.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0246609A1 (fr) * 1986-05-23 1987-11-25 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Hélices contre-rotatives
JPH0324320A (ja) * 1989-06-20 1991-02-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 舶用二重反転プロペラー軸の中間軸受構造
US5890938A (en) * 1997-10-02 1999-04-06 Brunswick Corporation Marine counter-rotational propulsion system
US5954479A (en) * 1996-12-16 1999-09-21 Smith; Ronald A. Twin engine, coaxial, dual-propeller propulsion system
WO2005021373A1 (fr) * 2003-09-01 2005-03-10 Nenad Fles Helices a pas variable contrarotatives

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0246609A1 (fr) * 1986-05-23 1987-11-25 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Hélices contre-rotatives
JPH0324320A (ja) * 1989-06-20 1991-02-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 舶用二重反転プロペラー軸の中間軸受構造
US5954479A (en) * 1996-12-16 1999-09-21 Smith; Ronald A. Twin engine, coaxial, dual-propeller propulsion system
US5890938A (en) * 1997-10-02 1999-04-06 Brunswick Corporation Marine counter-rotational propulsion system
WO2005021373A1 (fr) * 2003-09-01 2005-03-10 Nenad Fles Helices a pas variable contrarotatives

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112937821A (zh) * 2021-03-09 2021-06-11 北京航空航天大学 一种双驱动可折叠共轴螺旋桨装置
CN114379751A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-22 武汉理工大学 一种可调节前桨与后桨间叶间距的对转桨推进装置
CN114379751B (zh) * 2021-12-31 2023-03-14 武汉理工大学 一种可调节前桨与后桨间叶间距的对转桨推进装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI20061759A1 (it) 2008-03-16
EP2069194A1 (fr) 2009-06-17

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