WO2008031912A1 - Wind turbine tower mounted with pre-fabricated elements - Google Patents

Wind turbine tower mounted with pre-fabricated elements Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008031912A1
WO2008031912A1 PCT/ES2007/070158 ES2007070158W WO2008031912A1 WO 2008031912 A1 WO2008031912 A1 WO 2008031912A1 ES 2007070158 W ES2007070158 W ES 2007070158W WO 2008031912 A1 WO2008031912 A1 WO 2008031912A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tower
longitudinal
prefabricated
parts
wind turbines
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2007/070158
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
José Ignacio LLORENTE GONZÁLEZ
Original Assignee
Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L. filed Critical Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L.
Publication of WO2008031912A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008031912A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
    • E04H12/12—Structures made of specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material, with or without internal or external reinforcements, e.g. with metal coverings, with permanent form elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/50—Building or constructing in particular ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/40—Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
    • F05B2260/301—Retaining bolts or nuts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tower structure for wind turbines, in particular for a tower structure for large wind turbines mounted with prefabricated elements.
  • Document DE 10206242 describes a complete lattice tower with at least three clamping legs for a wind turbine.
  • Document DE 10230273 describes a wind turbine tower comprising a lower conical section in concrete and an upper cylindrical section in steel, with a connection device between them.
  • the document WO 9739240 describes a chimney system in which a wind turbine tower is introduced, thus taking advantage of the chimney height.
  • EP 1262614 describes a tower for prestressed concrete wind turbine.
  • WO 03/069099 describes a wind turbine tower with preferably precast concrete elements.
  • WO 2004031578 describes a modular system for wind turbine towers, in which different parts of steel tubes of different sections, conical and cylindrical are adapted.
  • WO 2004083633 describes a method for building a tower for a generator with prefabricated elements using horizontal and vertical flanges for joining said elements.
  • precast concrete solutions are undoubtedly the alternatives that best respond, according to the current technique, to these conditions: quality control of assembly execution, greater rigidity and damping of concrete against steel in static and dynamic phenomena, etc. .
  • quality control of assembly execution greater rigidity and damping of concrete against steel in static and dynamic phenomena, etc.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine tower that solves the aforementioned problems. This is achieved with a tower with its shaft divided into a plurality of segments joined by transverse rings, at least one of said segments being formed with a plurality of precast concrete pieces, of equal height to the segment and with straight longitudinal edges, being These pieces are configured with longitudinal stiffening ribs at their edges and with at least one hole in them to form a longitudinal joint together with an identical hole in the adjacent piece, this joint being made with metallic elements and high-strength mortars arranged between them and said prefabricated parts
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the tower according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the tower according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is an elevation view of a longitudinal joint from inside the tower.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of a longitudinal joint.
  • Figure 5 is a view of an embodiment of a longitudinal joint with four metal plates parallel to the edges and high strength mortar between them and the prefabricated parts.
  • the tower 11 for wind turbines according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has a part of its shaft formed by 4 segments 13 each of which is formed by 6 prefabricated concrete pieces 15.
  • the upper part of the shaft that could have a similar structure or be formed by a metal structure is not shown in the figures.
  • the tower 11 illustrated in the Figures has a truncated conical shape of revolution and the pieces 15 consequently have a curved shape, but the invention would be equally applicable to towers and parts of other shapes.
  • the segments 13 are joined together by rings 17 and the assembly would be prestressed by cables 19 in a manner known in the art.
  • the pieces 15 include on their longitudinal edges stiffening ribs 21 that facilitate transport and assembly operations.
  • the pieces 15 include holes 23 of a prismatic-triangular shape for the formation of a plurality of discrete joints 25 in each segment 13.
  • the ribs 21 have widened areas 31.
  • each piece 15 includes two gaps 23 in each longitudinal edge located in equidistant positions of its ends.
  • the joints 25 are made with metal plates 33 located parallel to the walls of the pieces 15 and high strength mortar 35 between said metal plates 33 and said walls.
  • the discrete joints 25 according to the invention effectively transmit the shear forces between adjacent pieces 15 and can be carried out “in situ” with ease.
  • the shape of the joints 25 facilitates that they can only be made with a mortar that would be subjected to compression stresses along the diagonal and to tensile stresses in the perpendicular direction.
  • variations in the direction of the compression and traction stresses could cause the mortar to fail so that the mentioned reinforcement is advisable.
  • the discrete joints 25 according to the invention are very advantageous over the known solutions that use metal elements introduced, at least partially, in the prefabricated parts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind turbine tower which is mounted with pre-fabricated elements, in which at least part of the shaft is divided into a plurality of segments (13) joined using transverse rings (17). At least one of the aforementioned segments (13) is formed by a plurality of pre-fabricated concrete parts (15) having a height equal to that of the segment (13) and being provided with straight longitudinal edges with longitudinal ribs (21) on the edges thereof and at least one cavity (23) in one longitudinal rib (21) which forms a longitudinal joint (25) together with an identical cavity (23) in the adjacent pre-fabricated part (15), said joint comprising metal elements (33) and high-resistance mortar (25) provided between same and the pre-fabricated parts (15).

Description

TORRE PARA AEROGENERADORES MONTADA CON ELEMENTOS TOWER FOR AIRBRUSHERS MOUNTED WITH ELEMENTS
PREFABRICADOSPREFABRICATED
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓNFIELD OF THE INVENTION
La invención se refiere a una estructura de torre para aerogeneradores, en particular para una estructura de torre para grandes aerogeneradores montada con elementos prefabricados.The invention relates to a tower structure for wind turbines, in particular for a tower structure for large wind turbines mounted with prefabricated elements.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
El desarrollo e innovación en el campo de los aerogeneradores durante las últimas dos décadas ha dado como resultado el aumento del tamaño y de Ia potencia de las turbinas de los mismos. Esto implica un aumento de las alturas de las torres, así como del peso y las cargas que actúan sobre las torres de los aerogeneradores. Por esta razón, las torres de los aerogeneradores han de ser más rígidas y resistentes, Io que conduce a mayores dimensiones, en altura y en diámetro, de las citadas torres. Este aumento en las dimensiones de las torres origina problemas para su transporte en tierra, así como problemas de interferencias entre las palas del rotor y Ia estructura de Ia torre debidos al conflicto entre las deflexiones de las palas y el mayor diámetro de las citadas torres.The development and innovation in the field of wind turbines during the last two decades has resulted in the increase in the size and power of the turbines thereof. This implies an increase in tower heights, as well as the weight and loads that act on wind turbine towers. For this reason, wind turbine towers have to be more rigid and resistant, which leads to greater dimensions, in height and in diameter, of said towers. This increase in the dimensions of the towers causes problems for their transport on land, as well as problems of interference between the rotor blades and the structure of the tower due to the conflict between the deflections of the blades and the greater diameter of said towers.
Se citan a continuación algunas propuestas conocidas de torres para aerogeneradores. El documento DE 10206242 describe una torre completa en celosía con al menos tres patas de sujeción para un aerogenerador.Some known proposals for wind turbine towers are cited below. Document DE 10206242 describes a complete lattice tower with at least three clamping legs for a wind turbine.
El documento DE 10230273 describe una torre para aerogenerador que comprende una sección cónica inferior en hormigón y una sección cilindrica superior en acero, con un dispositivo de conexión entre ambas. El documento WO 9739240 describe un sistema en chimenea en el cual se introduce una torre para aerogenerador, que aprovecha de esta forma Ia altura de Ia chimenea.Document DE 10230273 describes a wind turbine tower comprising a lower conical section in concrete and an upper cylindrical section in steel, with a connection device between them. The document WO 9739240 describes a chimney system in which a wind turbine tower is introduced, thus taking advantage of the chimney height.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) El documento EP 1262614 describe una torre para aerogenerador de hormigón pretensado.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) EP 1262614 describes a tower for prestressed concrete wind turbine.
El documento WO 03/069099 describe una torre para aerogenerador con elementos prefabricados preferentemente de hormigón. El documento WO 2004031578 describe un sistema modular para torres de aerogeneradores, en el cual se adaptan diferentes partes de tubos de acero de diferentes secciones, cónicas y cilindricas.WO 03/069099 describes a wind turbine tower with preferably precast concrete elements. WO 2004031578 describes a modular system for wind turbine towers, in which different parts of steel tubes of different sections, conical and cylindrical are adapted.
El documento WO 2004083633 describe un método para construir una torre para un generador con elementos prefabricados utilizando bridas horizontales y verticales para Ia unión de dichos elementos.WO 2004083633 describes a method for building a tower for a generator with prefabricated elements using horizontal and vertical flanges for joining said elements.
Analizando el estado de Ia técnica se observa que para las torres de 100 a 120 m requeridas actualmente no son válidas las soluciones convencionales metálicas en chapa curva, con módulos unidos por tornillos de alta resistencia siendo preciso el recurso de soluciones metálicas transportables y montables (celosías con elementos lineales) o, preferentemente, soluciones de hormigón. La ejecución "¡n situ" de hormigón, mediante técnicas trepantes o deslizantes, presenta lógicamente problemas de rendimiento y coste, no siendo por otra parte generalizable a ciertos emplazamientos.Analyzing the state of the art, it is observed that for the towers of 100 to 120 m currently required, conventional metal solutions in curved sheet are not valid, with modules joined by high-strength screws, the resource of transportable and mountable metal solutions being necessary (lattices with linear elements) or, preferably, concrete solutions. The "¡n situ" execution of concrete, by means of climbing or sliding techniques, logically presents performance and cost problems, not being otherwise generalizable to certain locations.
Así pues, las soluciones de hormigón prefabricadas constituyen sin duda las alternativas que mejor responden, según Ia técnica actual, a estos condicionantes: control de calidad de ejecución de montajes, mayor rigidez y amortiguamiento del hormigón frente al acero en fenómenos estáticos y dinámicos, etc. La exigencia de generalización de tales soluciones a diferentes emplazamientos, costes y condicionantes de accesibilidad de las potentes grúas necesarias para el montaje, así como a las limitaciones de permisos y accesos para el transporte de pesados elementos obliga, necesariamente, a un despiece de las torres en elementos de geometría y pesos controlados que permitan su transporte, elevación y posterior montaje con grúas.Thus, precast concrete solutions are undoubtedly the alternatives that best respond, according to the current technique, to these conditions: quality control of assembly execution, greater rigidity and damping of concrete against steel in static and dynamic phenomena, etc. . The requirement of generalization of such solutions to different locations, costs and conditions of accessibility of the powerful cranes necessary for assembly, as well as the limitations of permits and access for the transport of heavy elements, necessarily, requires an exploded view of the towers in geometry elements and controlled weights that allow transportation, lifting and subsequent assembly with cranes.
En Ia técnica conocida se han propuesto diversas soluciones prefabricadas para torres con una geometría básica troncocónica de revolución contemplando asimismo su posible aproximación mediante secciones poligonales, asumiendo un comportamiento monolítico de Ia torre resultanteIn the known technique, various prefabricated solutions for towers with a basic truncated conical geometry of revolution have been proposed, also contemplating their possible approach by polygonal sections, assuming a monolithic behavior of the resulting tower
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) completamente análogo a Ia que hubiera tenido una torre construida "in situ" de hormigón.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) completely analogous to that which would have had a tower built "in situ" of concrete.
Por su parte, para resolver los problemas planteados por las juntas continuas, tanto longitudinales como transversales que son consustanciales con Ia utilización de elementos prefabricados, Ia técnica anterior se ha limitado a Ia aplicación de soluciones bien conocidas.For its part, to solve the problems posed by continuous joints, both longitudinal and transverse that are consubstantial with the use of prefabricated elements, the prior art has been limited to the application of well-known solutions.
En este sentido, se han mencionado todas las técnicas de pretensado actualmente conocidas en el ámbito estructural: pretensado interior inyectado alojado en vainas dentro de las paredes de los elementos prefabricados, pretensado exterior principalmente desde coronación, anclado en anillos a ciertas alturas y alojado en el hueco interior de Ia torre. Para las juntas verticales se han planteado asimismo soluciones habituales en el campo de Ia prefabricación: juntas secas o húmedas con armadura pasivas, armaduras activas de barras cortas, postesado anular, etc. Sin embargo, Ia técnica conocida no ha propuesto soluciones efectivas que, por un lado, garanticen Ia respuesta estructural de las juntas y, por otro lado, tengan en cuenta las condiciones y resistencia de los elementos prefabricados durante el transporte, manipulación, elevación y montaje así como los problemas de absorción de tolerancias en las juntas entre piezas.In this sense, all the prestressing techniques currently known in the structural field have been mentioned: injected internal prestressing housed in sheaths within the walls of the prefabricated elements, external prestressing mainly from coronation, anchored in rings at certain heights and housed in the interior hollow of the tower. For vertical joints, common solutions have also been proposed in the field of prefabrication: dry or wet joints with passive reinforcement, active reinforcement of short bars, annular post-tensioning, etc. However, the known technique has not proposed effective solutions that, on the one hand, guarantee the structural response of the joints and, on the other hand, take into account the conditions and resistance of the prefabricated elements during transport, handling, lifting and assembly as well as the problems of absorption of tolerances in the joints between pieces.
SUMARIO DE LA INVENCIÓNSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
El objetivo de Ia presente invención es proporcionar una torre para aerogeneradores que resuelva los problemas mencionados. Ello se consigue con una torre con su fuste dividido en una pluralidad de segmentos unidos mediante anillos transversales, estando formado al menos uno de dichos segmentos con una pluralidad de piezas prefabricadas de hormigón, de igual altura que el segmento y con bordes longitudinales rectos, estando configuradas dichas piezas con unos nervios longitudinales rigidizadores en sus bordes y con al menos un hueco en ellos para conformar junto con un hueco idéntico en Ia pieza contigua una junta longitudinal, realizándose esta junta con elementos metálicos y morteros de alta resistencia dispuestos entre ellos y dichas piezas prefabricadas.The objective of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine tower that solves the aforementioned problems. This is achieved with a tower with its shaft divided into a plurality of segments joined by transverse rings, at least one of said segments being formed with a plurality of precast concrete pieces, of equal height to the segment and with straight longitudinal edges, being These pieces are configured with longitudinal stiffening ribs at their edges and with at least one hole in them to form a longitudinal joint together with an identical hole in the adjacent piece, this joint being made with metallic elements and high-strength mortars arranged between them and said prefabricated parts
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) Éstas y otras características y ventajas de Ia presente invención se desprenderán de Ia descripción detallada que sigue de las realizaciones de Ia misma, a título ilustrativo y no limitativo, en relación con las figuras que se acompañan.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) These and other features and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the detailed description that follows of the embodiments thereof, by way of illustration and not limitation, in relation to the accompanying figures.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURASBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
La Figura 1 es una vista en sección transversal de Ia torre según Ia invención. La Figura 2 es una vista en planta de Ia torre según Ia invención.Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the tower according to the invention. Figure 2 is a plan view of the tower according to the invention.
La Figura 3 es una vista en alzado de una junta longitudinal desde el interior de Ia torre.Figure 3 is an elevation view of a longitudinal joint from inside the tower.
La Figura 4 es una vista en planta de una junta longitudinal. La Figura 5 es una vista de una realización de una junta longitudinal con cuatro placas metálicas paralelas a los bordes y mortero de alta resistencia entre ellas y las piezas prefabricadas.Figure 4 is a plan view of a longitudinal joint. Figure 5 is a view of an embodiment of a longitudinal joint with four metal plates parallel to the edges and high strength mortar between them and the prefabricated parts.
DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LAS REALIZACIONES PREFERIDASDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
La torre 11 para aerogeneradores según una realización preferente de Ia presente invención tiene una parte de su fuste formada por 4 segmentos 13 cada uno de los cuales está formado por 6 piezas prefabricadas 15 de hormigón.The tower 11 for wind turbines according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has a part of its shaft formed by 4 segments 13 each of which is formed by 6 prefabricated concrete pieces 15.
No se muestra en las figuras Ia parte superior del fuste que podría tener una estructura similar ó bien estar formada por una estructura metálica. La torre 11 ilustrada en las Figuras tiene una forma troncocónica de revolución y las piezas 15 tienen consiguientemente una forma curva, pero ta invención resultaría igualmente aplicable a torres y piezas de otras formas.The upper part of the shaft that could have a similar structure or be formed by a metal structure is not shown in the figures. The tower 11 illustrated in the Figures has a truncated conical shape of revolution and the pieces 15 consequently have a curved shape, but the invention would be equally applicable to towers and parts of other shapes.
Los segmentos 13 están unidos entre sí mediante anillos 17 y el conjunto estaría pretensado mediante cables 19 de manera conocida en Ia técnica. Las piezas 15 incluyen en sus bordes longitudinales unos nervios de rigidización 21 que facilitan las operaciones de transporte y montaje.The segments 13 are joined together by rings 17 and the assembly would be prestressed by cables 19 in a manner known in the art. The pieces 15 include on their longitudinal edges stiffening ribs 21 that facilitate transport and assembly operations.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) A su vez las piezas 15 incluyen unos huecos 23 de forma prismático- triangular para Ia formación de una pluralidad de juntas discretas 25 en cada segmento 13. A este efecto los nervios 21 disponen de zonas ensanchadas 31.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) In turn, the pieces 15 include holes 23 of a prismatic-triangular shape for the formation of a plurality of discrete joints 25 in each segment 13. For this purpose the ribs 21 have widened areas 31.
Preferentemente cada pieza 15 incluye dos huecos 23 en cada borde longitudinal situados en posiciones equidistantes de sus extremos.Preferably each piece 15 includes two gaps 23 in each longitudinal edge located in equidistant positions of its ends.
Las juntas 25 se realizan con placas metálicas 33 situadas paralelamente a las paredes de las piezas 15 y mortero de alta resistencia 35 entre dichas placas metálicas 33 y dichas paredes.The joints 25 are made with metal plates 33 located parallel to the walls of the pieces 15 and high strength mortar 35 between said metal plates 33 and said walls.
Las juntas discretas 25 según Ia invención transmiten eficazmente los esfuerzos cortantes entre piezas 15 contiguas y pueden realizarse "in situ" con facilidad.The discrete joints 25 according to the invention effectively transmit the shear forces between adjacent pieces 15 and can be carried out "in situ" with ease.
En principio, Ia forma de las juntas 25 facilita que puedan realizarse únicamente con un mortero que estaría sometido a esfuerzos de compresión a Io largo de Ia diagonal y a esfuerzos de tracción en Ia dirección perpendicular. Ahora bien, dado el carácter dinámico de Ia carga en función de Ia dirección de viento, las variaciones de sentido de los esfuerzos de compresión y tracción podrían ocasionar el fallo del mortero por Io que resulta aconsejable Ia armadura mencionada.In principle, the shape of the joints 25 facilitates that they can only be made with a mortar that would be subjected to compression stresses along the diagonal and to tensile stresses in the perpendicular direction. However, given the dynamic nature of the load as a function of the wind direction, variations in the direction of the compression and traction stresses could cause the mortar to fail so that the mentioned reinforcement is advisable.
En todo caso, las juntas discretas 25 según Ia invención resultan muy ventajosas sobre las soluciones conocidas que utilizan de una manera ú otra elementos metálicos introducidos, al menos parcialmente, en las piezas prefabricadas.In any case, the discrete joints 25 according to the invention are very advantageous over the known solutions that use metal elements introduced, at least partially, in the prefabricated parts.
Aunque Ia presente invención se ha descrito enteramente en conexión con realizaciones preferidas, no se han de considerar éstas como limitativas, pudiéndose introducir aquellas modificaciones dentro del alcance definido por las siguientes reivindicaciones.Although the present invention has been described entirely in connection with preferred embodiments, these are not to be considered as limiting, and those modifications may be introduced within the scope defined by the following claims.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1.- Torre (1 1 ) para aerogeneradores con al menos parte de su fuste dividido en una pluralidad de segmentos (13) unidos mediante anillos transversales (17), estando formado al menos uno de dichos segmentos (13) con una pluralidad de piezas prefabricadas (15) de hormigón, de igual altura que el segmento (13) y con bordes longitudinales rectos, caracterizada porque1.- Tower (1 1) for wind turbines with at least part of their shaft divided into a plurality of segments (13) joined by transverse rings (17), at least one of said segments (13) being formed with a plurality of parts prefabricated concrete (15), of the same height as the segment (13) and with straight longitudinal edges, characterized in that
- dichas piezas prefabricadas (15) incluyen unos nervios longitudinales (21) en sus bordes; - dichas piezas prefabricadas incluyen al menos un hueco (23) en un nervio longitudinal (21 ) para configurar junto con un hueco idéntico (23) en Ia pieza prefabricadas (15) contigua una junta longitudinal (25);- said prefabricated parts (15) include longitudinal ribs (21) at their edges; - said prefabricated parts include at least one recess (23) in a longitudinal rib (21) for configuring together with an identical recess (23) in the prefabricated part (15) adjoining a longitudinal joint (25);
- dicha junta longitudinal (25) se realiza con elementos metálicos (33) y morteros de alta resistencia (25) dispuestos entre ellos y dichas piezas prefabricadas (15).- said longitudinal joint (25) is made with metal elements (33) and high strength mortars (25) arranged between them and said prefabricated parts (15).
2.- Torre (1 1) para aerogeneradores según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque los nervios longitudinales (21 ) de dichas piezas tienen ensanchamientos (31 ) en torno a dichos huecos (23).2. Tower (1 1) for wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal ribs (21) of said parts have widenings (31) around said gaps (23).
3.- Torre (11) para aerogeneradores según las reivindicación 1 ó 2, caracterizada porque dichos huecos (23) tienen forma prismático-triangular, con su hipotética base en el borde longitudinal de Ia pieza prefabricada (15).3. Tower (11) for wind turbines according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said holes (23) have a prismatic-triangular shape, with its hypothetical base on the longitudinal edge of the prefabricated part (15).
4.- Torre (1 1) para aerogeneradores según Ia reivindicación 3, caracterizada porque los elementos metálicos (33) son cuatro placas colocadas paralelamente a los lados de los dos huecos (23) de forma prismático-triangular de dos piezas prefabricadas (15) contiguas.4. Tower (1 1) for wind turbines according to claim 3, characterized in that the metal elements (33) are four plates placed parallel to the sides of the two holes (23) in a prismatic-triangular shape of two prefabricated parts (15) adjoining
5.- Torre (1 1 ) para aerogeneradores según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1-4, caracterizada porque cada pieza prefabricada tiene al menos dos huecos (23) en cada borde longitudinal situados en posiciones equidistantes de sus extremos.5. Tower (1 1) for wind turbines according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that each prefabricated part has at least two holes (23) in each longitudinal edge located in equidistant positions of its ends.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
PCT/ES2007/070158 2006-09-13 2007-09-12 Wind turbine tower mounted with pre-fabricated elements WO2008031912A1 (en)

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ES200602328A ES2296531B1 (en) 2006-09-13 2006-09-13 TOWER FOR AEROGENERATORS ASSEMBLED WITH PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS.

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