WO2008015971A1 - Method and device for mooring floating body to another one - Google Patents

Method and device for mooring floating body to another one Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008015971A1
WO2008015971A1 PCT/JP2007/064762 JP2007064762W WO2008015971A1 WO 2008015971 A1 WO2008015971 A1 WO 2008015971A1 JP 2007064762 W JP2007064762 W JP 2007064762W WO 2008015971 A1 WO2008015971 A1 WO 2008015971A1
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Prior art keywords
tanker
terminal
floating
mooring
cradle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2007/064762
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Nobuyoshi Morimoto
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Nobuyoshi Morimoto
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2008015971A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008015971A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a floating terminal on which a shuttle tanker lays down and performs cargo handling, and more particularly to a mooring method and apparatus thereof.
  • Patent Document 1 US Pat. No. 6,546,739
  • An object of the present invention is to reduce a relative vertical displacement generated between a floating terminal and a tanker beside the floating terminal in bad weather.
  • a pedestal that protrudes outward from the submerged portion of the side of the floating terminal is provided, and the bottom of the tanker that is laid on the terminal is placed on the cradle Put it on. By doing so, it is possible to prevent relative displacement such that the tanker descends against the terminal when swells are received.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a floating terminal during cargo handling.
  • FIG. 2 is also a plan view.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a terminal when a tanker is joined.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view when swell is received during cargo handling.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional view during LNG unloading operation
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view.
  • Reference numeral 10 denotes a floating terminal as a floating LNG offshore receiving device, to which an LNG tanker (shuttle tanker) 30 is moored sideways.
  • the illustrated floating terminal is a modified repair dock that allows adjustment of draft and trim heel.
  • This terminal is equipped with a turret 12 (one-point mooring device) at the front, and the turret is a chain
  • a fluid swivel is incorporated in the turret 12, and a riser pipe 13 extending from the submarine pipeline is connected to the turret 12.
  • the floating terminal 10 includes a power generator, a ballast pump, a mooring winch, and the like.
  • the floating terminal 10 immediately gasifies the liquefied gas received from the shuttle tanker 30 with the gasifier 14, and then converts it from the turret 12 to the land via the submarine pipeline. Send to gas facility.
  • a receiving base 15 is provided.
  • the cradle may be provided only on one side if it is determined in the figure that the side of the power tanker provided on both sides is fixed. Alternatively, the cradle 15 may be provided over the entire length of the floating terminal, or may be only a part if the tanker to be mounted is small.
  • the cradle 15 is a cantilever structure, and a large bending moment acts on the base of the cradle 15. Therefore, the cradle 15 has a box structure with a sufficiently large depth with respect to the width. Touch with S.
  • a fender 16 (for example, rubber or wooden) is attached to the upper surface of the cradle so that the bottom of the tanker is not damaged.
  • Reference numeral 17 is a fender fender.
  • seawater ballast is loaded on the floating terminal 10 to deepen the draft so that the cradle 15 does not collide with the tanker.
  • the mooring line is drawn up, the tanker is placed sideways, the floating terminal ballast is discharged to make the draft shallower, the tanker 30 is placed on the cradle 15, and a part of the weight of the tanker is placed on the cradle.
  • Use force Figure 1).
  • mooring lines 18 are passed between the terminal and the tanker and tightened (Fig. 2).
  • Ordinary mooring lines are effective to stop the relative movement of the ships in the horizontal plane, and are almost powerless to stop the relative movement in the up and down direction. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 1, several mooring lines 18a among these mooring lines are stretched so as to extend vertically from the tanker to reach the mooring bit 20 on the terminal.
  • a mooring bit 20 may be provided on the side of the terminal 10 so that the mooring line can be stretched downward in this manner even from a small tan force.
  • the cargo lines of the two ships are connected to each other by the loading hose 19, and the unloading work is performed.
  • the tanker 30 being unloaded has its draft gradually shallower by the amount of unloading, so the floating terminal drains the ballast and gradually reduces the draft, and the bottom of the tank with a tank force of 30 is placed on the cradle 15. Keep it always on.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

A floating terminal (10) has supporting bases (15) projecting from its under water side parts to the outside. The bottom of a tanker (30) brought alongside the terminal is placed on a supporting base to prevent the tanker from being displaced such as lowered relative to the terminal when the tanker receives swell. A mooring line (18a) is so stretched as to extend from the tanker downward to the terminal to prevent the tanker from moving upward relative to the terminal.

Description

明 細 書  Specification
浮体間係留方法および装置  Method and apparatus for mooring between floating bodies
技術分野  Technical field
[0001] この発明は、シャトルタンカーが横付けして荷役を行うフローティングターミナルに 関し、さらに詳しくはその係留法および装置に関する。  [0001] The present invention relates to a floating terminal on which a shuttle tanker lays down and performs cargo handling, and more particularly to a mooring method and apparatus thereof.
背景技術  Background art
[0002] LNGの受入施設は需要地の近くの沿岸部（陸上）に設けるのが経済的であるが、 都市化などで場所の確保が難しくなつており、沖合いに建設されるケースが増えてい る。この LNG洋上受入れ施設には、コンクリートパイルで海底に固定されたものもあ る力 大部分は浮体式のもの（フローティングターミナル）である。このフローティング ターミナルは、横付けした LNGタンカーから荷揚げされた液化ガスを直ちにガス化装 置に通してガス化し、海底パイプラインを通じてガスを陸上施設に送り出す（下記特 許文献 1参照）。フローティングターミナルには稀に LNG貯蔵タンクを持つものもあり 、このものでは、液化ガスをいつたん貯蔵タンクに受入れ、これをガス化して海底パイ プに送り出す。  [0002] It is economical to install LNG receiving facilities on the coastal area (onshore) near the demand area, but it is becoming difficult to secure a location due to urbanization and the like, and there are increasing cases of offshore construction. The Some of these LNG offshore receiving facilities are fixed to the sea floor with concrete piles, most of which are floating (floating terminals). This floating terminal immediately gasifies the liquefied gas unloaded from a horizontal LNG tanker through a gasifier and sends it to an onshore facility (see Patent Document 1 below). Some floating terminals have LNG storage tanks. In this case, liquefied gas is received into the storage tank, gasified, and sent to the seabed pipe.
[0003] このようなフローティングターミナルは、陸上または海底固定式のものに比べ建設コ ストが小さくて済む。しかし、従来のフローティングターミナルにおける係船方法は、タ 一ミナルとタンカーの間に渡した係船索を緊締するだけの旧態然としたものである。こ れでは、船と船の間が開かないようにするのがせいぜいであり、悪天候でうねりが大 きい場合、両船の上下方向の相対変位を抑えることは実際上難しい。相対変位が大 きくなると、両船を結ぶローデイングホースないしローデイングアームに過大な力がか 力、つて危険な状態になり、荷役を中断せざるを得なくなる。このため、フローティング ターミナルは通年で見ると稼働率が低!/、と!/、う問題がある。  [0003] Such floating terminals require less construction costs than those on land or on the seabed. However, the conventional mooring method at the floating terminal is an old-fashioned way of tightening the mooring rope passed between the terminal and the tanker. In this case, it is at best not to open the space between the ships, and it is practically difficult to suppress the relative displacement in the vertical direction between the two ships when the weather is bad and the swell is large. When the relative displacement becomes large, excessive force is applied to the loading hose or the loading arm connecting the two ships, which makes it dangerous, and it is necessary to interrupt the handling. For this reason, floating terminals have a low availability rate when viewed all year round! /, And! /.
特許文献 1：米国特許第 6,546,739号  Patent Document 1: US Pat. No. 6,546,739
発明の開示  Disclosure of the invention
[0004] この発明は、悪天候時、フローティングターミナルとそれに横付けしたタンカーの間 に生ずる相対垂直変位を小さくすることを課題とする。 [0005] このような課題を解決するために、この発明では、フローティングターミナルの側部 没水部から外側に突出する受台を設け、該ターミナルに横付けしたタンカーの船底 を該受台の上に載せるようにする。こうすることで、うねりを受けたとき、ターミナルに 対しタンカーが下降するような相対変位を阻止することができる。 [0004] An object of the present invention is to reduce a relative vertical displacement generated between a floating terminal and a tanker beside the floating terminal in bad weather. [0005] In order to solve such a problem, in the present invention, a pedestal that protrudes outward from the submerged portion of the side of the floating terminal is provided, and the bottom of the tanker that is laid on the terminal is placed on the cradle Put it on. By doing so, it is possible to prevent relative displacement such that the tanker descends against the terminal when swells are received.
[0006] これとは逆の相対変位、すなわち、ターミナルに対しタンカーが上昇する動きを阻 止するため、タンカーから下向きに延びてターミナルに達する係船索を張る。こうして 両船の相対上下変位を抑制することにより、悪天候時の揚荷においても、ローデイン グホースないしローデイングアームに無理な力力 Sかからずに安全に荷役を行うことが できる。  [0006] In order to prevent the relative displacement opposite to this, that is, the movement of the tanker relative to the terminal, a mooring line extending downward from the tanker and reaching the terminal is stretched. By restraining the relative vertical displacement of the two ships in this way, cargo can be safely handled without unreasonable force S applied to the loading hose or loading arm even during unloading in bad weather.
図面の簡単な説明  Brief Description of Drawings
[0007] [図 1]荷役中のフローティングターミナルの断面図である。  [0007] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a floating terminal during cargo handling.
[図 2]同じく平面図である。  FIG. 2 is also a plan view.
[図 3]タンカーを接舷する際のターミナルの断面図である。  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a terminal when a tanker is joined.
[図 4]荷役中にうねりを受けたときの断面図である。  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view when swell is received during cargo handling.
発明を実施するための最良の形態  BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0008] この発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明すると、図 1は LNGの揚げ荷作業中の断 面図、図 2は同じく平面図である。 [0008] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a sectional view during LNG unloading operation, and Fig. 2 is a plan view.
[0009] 符号 10は浮体式の LNG洋上受入装置としてのフローティングターミナルであり、こ れに LNGタンカー（シャトルタンカー） 30が横付けに係留される。図示のフローテイン グターミナルは修繕ドックを改造したもので、喫水およびトリムヒールの調節できるようReference numeral 10 denotes a floating terminal as a floating LNG offshore receiving device, to which an LNG tanker (shuttle tanker) 30 is moored sideways. The illustrated floating terminal is a modified repair dock that allows adjustment of draft and trim heel.
、船底および船側にバラストタンク 11を備えて!/、る。 , Equipped with ballast tank 11 on the bottom and side of the ship!
[0010] このターミナルはタレット 12 (1点係留装置）を前部に備えており、タレットはチェーン[0010] This terminal is equipped with a turret 12 (one-point mooring device) at the front, and the turret is a chain
12aによって海底に係止されている。タレット 12には流体スィベルが組み込まれてお り、これに、海底パイプラインから延びるライザ一管 13が接続されている。 Locked to the sea floor by 12a. A fluid swivel is incorporated in the turret 12, and a riser pipe 13 extending from the submarine pipeline is connected to the turret 12.
[0011] フローティングターミナル 10は、ガス化装置 14のほか、発電装置、バラストポンプ、 係船ウィンチ等を備えてレ、る。 [0011] In addition to the gasifier 14, the floating terminal 10 includes a power generator, a ballast pump, a mooring winch, and the like.
[0012] フローティングターミナル 10は、シャトルタンカー 30から受け入れた液化ガスをガス 化装置 14で直ちにガス化し、それをタレット 12から海底パイプラインを通じて陸上の ガス施設に送り出す。 [0012] The floating terminal 10 immediately gasifies the liquefied gas received from the shuttle tanker 30 with the gasifier 14, and then converts it from the turret 12 to the land via the submarine pipeline. Send to gas facility.
[0013] このようなフローティングターミナル 10に横付けされるタンカー 30の船底を支えるた め、受台 15を設ける。受台は図では両舷に設けてある力 タンカーを横付する舷が 決まっているのであれば、片側だけに設けてもよい。まは、受台 15はフローティングタ 一ミナルの全長にわたって設けてもよいし、横付けするタンカーが小さい場合は、一 部分だけでもよい。受台 15は片持ち構造で、その付け根に大きな曲げモーメントが 働くので、幅に対して深さを充分大きくした箱型構造になっており、内部はバラストタ ンク 11にとして禾 IJ用すること力 Sでさる。  [0013] In order to support the bottom of the tanker 30 placed next to the floating terminal 10, a receiving base 15 is provided. The cradle may be provided only on one side if it is determined in the figure that the side of the power tanker provided on both sides is fixed. Alternatively, the cradle 15 may be provided over the entire length of the floating terminal, or may be only a part if the tanker to be mounted is small. The cradle 15 is a cantilever structure, and a large bending moment acts on the base of the cradle 15. Therefore, the cradle 15 has a box structure with a sufficiently large depth with respect to the width. Touch with S.
[0014] 受台の上面にはフェンダー 16 (たとえばゴムまたは木製のもの）を取り付けておき、 タンカーの船底を傷めないようにする。符号 17は防舷フェンダーである  [0014] A fender 16 (for example, rubber or wooden) is attached to the upper surface of the cradle so that the bottom of the tanker is not damaged. Reference numeral 17 is a fender fender.
[0015] LNGを積んだタンカー 30を係留するときは、図 3に示すように、フローティングター ミナル 10に海水バラストを積み込んで喫水を深くし、受台 15がタンカーに衝突しない ようにしておく。こうして係船索をたぐり寄せてタンカーを横付けし、フローティングター ミナルのバラストを排出して喫水を浅くしていって、受台 15の上にタンカー 30を載せ 、タンカーの重量の一部が受台に力、かるようにする（図 1)。  [0015] When mooring the tanker 30 loaded with LNG, as shown in FIG. 3, seawater ballast is loaded on the floating terminal 10 to deepen the draft so that the cradle 15 does not collide with the tanker. In this way, the mooring line is drawn up, the tanker is placed sideways, the floating terminal ballast is discharged to make the draft shallower, the tanker 30 is placed on the cradle 15, and a part of the weight of the tanker is placed on the cradle. Use force (Figure 1).
[0016] ターミナルとタンカーの間に何本かの係船索 18を渡して緊締する（図 2)。普通に張 られた係船索は、船同士の水平面内の相対運動を止めるのには効き目がある力 上 下方向の相対運動を止めるにはほとんど無力である。そこで、これら係船索の内の何 本かの係船索 18aを、図 1に示すように、ほぼ垂直に、すなわちタンカーから下向き に延びてターミナル上の係船ビット 20に達するように張る。なお、深さの小さいタン力 一からも、このように下向きに係船索を張れるよう、ターミナル 10の舷側部に係船ビッ ト 20を設けてもよい。  [0016] Several mooring lines 18 are passed between the terminal and the tanker and tightened (Fig. 2). Ordinary mooring lines are effective to stop the relative movement of the ships in the horizontal plane, and are almost powerless to stop the relative movement in the up and down direction. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 1, several mooring lines 18a among these mooring lines are stretched so as to extend vertically from the tanker to reach the mooring bit 20 on the terminal. A mooring bit 20 may be provided on the side of the terminal 10 so that the mooring line can be stretched downward in this manner even from a small tan force.
[0017] こうして、両船のカーゴライン同士をローデイングホース 19で結び、揚げ荷作業を行 う。揚荷中のタンカー 30は、荷揚げした分だけ喫水が徐々に浅くなつて行くので、フ ローテイングターミナルはバラストを排水して喫水を徐々に小さくし、受台 15にタン力 一 30の船底がいつも載った状態に保つ。  [0017] Thus, the cargo lines of the two ships are connected to each other by the loading hose 19, and the unloading work is performed. The tanker 30 being unloaded has its draft gradually shallower by the amount of unloading, so the floating terminal drains the ballast and gradually reduces the draft, and the bottom of the tank with a tank force of 30 is placed on the cradle 15. Keep it always on.
[0018] ここで、揚げ荷中に天候が悪化して海面のうねりが大きくなつた場合を考える。まず 図 4 (a)に示すように、フローティングターミナル 10が波に乗り、タンカー 30が波の谷 に来た場合、フローティングターミナル 10には上向きの力が、タンカー 30には下向き の力がかかるが、タンカーはフローティングターミナルの受台 15の上に載っているの で、両船ともほとんど上下動しない。次に図 4 (b)のように、山と谷の位置関係が反対 になると、タンカーに上向き、フローティングターミナルに下向きの力が加わる力 この 場合、受台 15は効かないが、代わりに、垂直に張った係船索 18aが効いて、タン力 一 30の浮き上がりが小さく押さえられる。このようにうねりがあるときでも、両船の上下 相対変位が小さく保たれ、荷役を安全に進めることができる。 [0018] Here, a case is considered where the weather surface deteriorates and the swell of the sea surface increases during the lifted cargo. First, as shown in Fig. 4 (a), floating terminal 10 rides on a wave and tanker 30 moves on a wave valley. However, since the tanker is on the pedestal 15 of the floating terminal, both ships hardly move up and down, although an upward force is applied to the floating terminal 10 and a downward force is applied to the tanker 30. Next, as shown in Fig. 4 (b), if the positional relationship between the peaks and valleys is reversed, the force that applies upward force to the tanker and downward force to the floating terminal.In this case, the cradle 15 does not work, but instead the vertical The mooring rope 18a stretched on the side works, and the lift of 30 ton power is kept small. Even when there is such undulation, the relative displacement between the two ships is kept small, and cargo handling can proceed safely.

Claims

請求の範囲 The scope of the claims
[1] フローティングターミナルの側部から外側に突出する受台に、該ターミナルに横付 けしたタンカーの船底を載せることで、うねりを受けたとき、該ターミナルに対し該タン カーが下降しないよう拘束すると共に、該タンカーから下向きに延びて該ターミナル に達する係船索を張ることで、該ターミナルに対し該タンカーが上昇しないよう拘束 することを特徴とする浮体間係留方法。  [1] Place the bottom of the tanker lying on the terminal on the pedestal that protrudes outward from the side of the floating terminal to restrain the tanker from descending against the terminal when swelled. A mooring method between floating bodies is characterized in that the tanker is restrained from rising by extending a mooring line extending downward from the tanker and reaching the terminal.
[2] フローティングターミナに横付けに係留されるタンカーの船底を下から支えるように 、該ターミナルに、舷側から外側に突出する受台を備えた浮体間係留装置。  [2] An inter-floor mooring device provided with a receiving base projecting outward from the side of the terminal so as to support the bottom of a tanker moored sideways on a floating termina from the bottom.
PCT/JP2007/064762 2006-07-31 2007-07-27 Method and device for mooring floating body to another one WO2008015971A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006-208484 2006-07-31
JP2006208484A JP2008030702A (en) 2006-07-31 2006-07-31 Mooring method and device between floats

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KR102205732B1 (en) 2017-02-27 2021-01-21 사이뼁 소시에떼아노님 Device for connecting two boats
US10994812B2 (en) 2017-02-27 2021-05-04 Saipem S.A. Device for coupling two boats

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