WO2007142278A1 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007142278A1 WO2007142278A1 PCT/JP2007/061488 JP2007061488W WO2007142278A1 WO 2007142278 A1 WO2007142278 A1 WO 2007142278A1 JP 2007061488 W JP2007061488 W JP 2007061488W WO 2007142278 A1 WO2007142278 A1 WO 2007142278A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- abnormality
- fuel cell
- detector
- water
- temperature
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04373—Temperature; Ambient temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04417—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04425—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04447—Concentration; Density of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04679—Failure or abnormal function of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04686—Failure or abnormal function of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04738—Temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04776—Pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04947—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/10—Fuel cells in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system, and more particularly to a mechanism for preventing water freezing and ensuring safety when an abnormality occurs.
- a fuel cell system includes a fuel cell that generates electric power through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, and a cooling water path that cools the fuel cell. If such a fuel cell system is left outdoors for more than a certain period of time, the water in the cooling water path will freeze as the outside air temperature decreases. As a result, the temperature of the fuel cell cannot be controlled at the next start-up and power generation is not possible, or the efficiency may be reduced. In addition, the fuel cell is subject to mechanical damage due to freezing, and operation may not be possible after thawing, or power generation efficiency may be reduced. In addition, components such as pumps, tanks, and pipes that circulate cooling water are also expected to suffer mechanical damage.
- a temperature sensor that detects an external temperature is provided, and when the temperature sensor detects a temperature that is equal to or lower than a threshold value, an anti-freezing operation is known.
- a threshold value For example, see Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an outline of the configuration of the conventional fuel cell system described in Patent Document 1.
- the fuel cell system described in Patent Document 1 includes a fuel cell 135, a water supply line 136 that supplies water to the fuel cell 135, a water treatment device 138 that performs pure water treatment of the brine 137, In the water treatment device 138, a booster pump 139 that conveys pure water treated to the water supply line 136, a heater 140 disposed in the water treatment device 138, a temperature sensor 141, a controller 142, Talk with you.
- Water supply line 136 supplies water to water tank 143 and fuel cell 135 And a booster pump 144.
- the controller 142 controls the booster pump 139 and the booster pump 144 to supply water as anti-freezing processing. Further, the controller 142 turns on the switch of the heater 140 to cause the heater 140 to heat the water treatment device 138. Thus, even when the outside air temperature is low, freezing of the water supply line 136 that supplies water to the fuel cell system can be prevented, and damage to the fuel cell system can be prevented.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2004-207093 A
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system capable of preventing water freezing while ensuring safety.
- the present inventors have intensively studied. That is, in the fuel cell system having an anti-freezing operation function, a case is assumed in which the outside air temperature falls below a predetermined temperature while some abnormality occurs and the system stops. In this case, if priority is given to freeze prevention and the heater is operated uniformly as freeze prevention operation, if the abnormality is, for example, an abnormality in which flammable gas leaks into the system, the heater There is a possibility that this switch may cause a fire or the like as an ignition source. On the other hand, if the abnormality is such that the safety of the fuel cell system is not hindered by the heater on operation, water freezing of the fuel cell system is prevented, which is preferable.
- the abnormality is a mode in which the safety of the fuel cell system is hindered by the heater ON operation, and the abnormality is determined by the heater ON operation.
- System safety is impeded If it is a mode that is harmed, the anti-freezing operation is not performed with priority given to safety, and the safety of the fuel cell system is not hindered by the on-operation of the abnormal force heater.
- the idea was to give anti-freezing operation with priority on anti-freezing.
- a fuel cell system includes a fuel cell that generates power using fuel and an oxidant, a water path that is a water path related to the operation of the fuel cell, and the water path.
- Electric heater for heating, water-related temperature detector for detecting a temperature related to the temperature of water in the water path, and a first abnormality for detecting a first abnormality including an abnormality relating to leakage of combustible gas A detector, a second abnormality detector for detecting a second abnormality different from the first abnormality, and a controller, wherein the controller is a first abnormality in the first abnormality detector.
- a fuel cell system configured to stop operation when a second abnormality is detected by the second abnormality detector, wherein the controller is configured to stop the second abnormality detector.
- the electric heater is operated as a freeze prevention operation, and the first abnormality is detected by the first abnormality detector. Therefore, when the fuel cell system is stopped, the electric heater is not operated as the anti-freezing operation even if the water-related temperature detector detects a temperature equal to or lower than the predetermined threshold value! /, Configured as follows.
- the electric heater when the first abnormality related to the leakage of the combustible gas occurs in the fuel cell system and the fuel cell system is stopped, the electric heater is operated as the freeze prevention operation. Therefore, it is possible to ensure safety by stopping anti-freezing operation.
- the electric heater when a second abnormality that is different from the first abnormality occurs and the fuel cell system is stopped, the electric heater is operated as a freeze prevention means based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector, thereby Freezing is prevented and, as a result, damage to the fuel cell system due to freezing of the water path is prevented.
- the water path collects heat from a cooling water path through which cooling water for cooling the fuel cell flows, a cooling water tank for storing the cooling water, and cooling water flowing through the cooling water path.
- a hot water path through which hot water flows, a hot water storage tank for storing the hot water, and the fuel cell Exhaust power of power There may be at least one of a recovered water path through which recovered water flows and a recovery water tank for storing the recovered water! /.
- the fuel cell system includes, as the first abnormality detector, a combustible gas sensor that detects a combustible gas concentration, and the controller includes a combustible gas concentration at which the combustible gas sensor exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
- the electric heater is not operated as the freeze prevention operation. Constructed, ok.
- the fuel cell system includes a reformer that generates a hydrogen-containing gas as the raw material power, a burner that heats the reformer, and the first abnormality that detects the CO concentration in the exhaust gas of the burner.
- a CO sensor as a detector, and the controller detects the water concentration temperature detector when the CO sensor detects a CO concentration equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold and the fuel cell system is stopped. Even if a temperature equal to or lower than the predetermined threshold value is detected, the electric heater may not be operated as the freeze prevention operation.
- the fuel cell system includes an oxidizing gas supply device that supplies an oxidizing gas to the panner, and an oxygen gas supply as the first abnormality detector that detects an abnormality of the acid gas supply device.
- An abnormality detector, and the controller detects the abnormality and the fuel cell system is stopped when the acid gas supply abnormality detector detects an abnormality. Even if a temperature below a predetermined threshold is detected, the electric heater is not operated as the freeze prevention operation.
- the fuel cell system includes: a reformer that generates a hydrogen-containing gas as the raw material power; and a reformer temperature detector as the first abnormality detector that detects the temperature of the reformer. And when the fuel cell system is stopped when the reformer temperature detector detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold, the water-related temperature detector is Even if a temperature below the threshold value is detected, the electric heater is not operated as the anti-freezing operation.
- the fuel cell system includes a raw material force, a reformer that generates a hydrogen-containing gas as the fuel, and a pressure detector as the first abnormality detector that detects a pressure inside the reformer.
- the controller detects that the pressure detector detects a pressure equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold.
- the electric heater is not operated as the anti-freezing operation even when the water-related temperature detector detects a temperature below the predetermined threshold. .
- Abnormality of the flow rate controller in which the second abnormality detector controls the flow rate of water or air related to the operation of the fuel cell system as the second abnormality.
- An abnormality related to the temperature of the water related to the operation of the fuel cell an abnormality related to the water level related to the operation of the fuel cell, an abnormality related to the flow rate of the fluid (excluding the combustion air) related to the operation of the fuel cell, and
- the controller detects at least a deviation in the output of electricity generated by the fuel cell, and the controller detects the second abnormality by the second abnormality detector and detects the second abnormality.
- the electric heater is configured to operate as anti-freezing operation when the water-related temperature detector detects a temperature below a predetermined threshold value.
- the fuel cell system detects an abnormality of the cooling water pump for flowing the cooling water and the abnormality of the cooling water pump as an abnormality relating to a flow rate of the fluid related to the operation of the fuel cell.
- a cooling water pump abnormality detector as an abnormality detector! /! /.
- the present invention is configured as described above, and has an effect that water freeze prevention is possible while ensuring safety in a fuel cell system.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a freeze prevention circuit.
- FIG. 3 is a table showing anomaly classification in the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the contents of the abnormality processing program stored in the controller.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a conventional fuel cell system. Explanation of symbols
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the fuel cell system of the present embodiment includes a reformer 2 that generates a hydrogen-containing gas from a raw material supplied from the raw material supply path 1 and water vapor by a steam reforming reaction.
- Carbon monoxide (hereinafter referred to as CO) in the hydrogen-containing gas generated in the reformer 2 is converted into acid using air as an acid gas supplied from a CO remover 36 power acid gas path 37. Decrease the CO concentration.
- the hydrogen-containing gas with reduced CO concentration is supplied from the CO remover 36 to the fuel cell 3 through the hydrogen supply path 20.
- the fuel cell 3 generates electricity by a chemical reaction between the hydrogen-containing gas as the fuel and air as the oxidant. This air is supplied to the fuel cell 3 by the air supplier 4.
- the air supply 4 is constituted by a blower.
- the hydrogen-containing gas that has not been used for the reaction in the fuel cell 3 is supplied to the Parner 5 through the exhaust hydrogen gas path 30 as exhaust hydrogen gas.
- the burner 5 burns the exhaust hydrogen gas or the raw material supplied through a path (not shown) by the air supplied from the combustion fan 6 and heats the reformer 2 with the combustion heat. The heat from this heating is used in the reformer 2 to reform the raw material into a hydrogen-containing gas.
- the combustion gas generated in PANA 5 is discharged to the outside through the exhaust combustion gas path 27.
- air that has not been used for the reaction in the fuel cell 3 is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust air path 38 as exhaust air.
- a condenser (not shown) is disposed in the exhaust air path 38, and water in the exhaust air condensed by the condenser flows to the recovered water tank 13 through the recovered water path 12 and is stored therein.
- condensers (not shown) are also provided in the exhaust hydrogen gas path 30 and the exhaust combustion gas path 27 described above, respectively, and the water in the exhaust air and the exhaust combustion gas respectively condensed in these condensers. Water flows into the recovered water tank 13 through the recovered water paths 12 and 12, and is stored there.
- the water stored in the recovery tank 13 is supplied to the reformer 2 through the reforming water path 17 by the pump 16, where it is used for reforming the raw material to hydrogen-containing gas.
- the water in the recovered water tank 13 is drained through the drainage path 18 by opening a drain valve (not shown).
- the fuel cell system includes a cooling water path 8 that is a circulation path that passes through the inside of the fuel cell 3.
- the cooling water tank 9 and the cooling water are passed through the cooling water path 8.
- the cooling water pump 7 to be circulated and the heat exchanger 31 are arranged.
- the heat exchanger 31 is disposed across the cooling water path 8 and the hot water path 10, and exchanges heat between the cooling water flowing through the cooling water path 8 and the hot water flowing through the hot water path 10.
- the hot water passage 10 is provided with a hot water storage tank 11 for storing hot water and a hot water pump 9 for flowing hot water through the hot water passage.
- the cooling water discharged from the cooling water tank 9 flows through the fuel cell 3 and the exhaust heat is recovered from the fuel cell 3 while the temperature rises, and the raised cooling water is discharged into hot water storage by heat exchange. It is cooled by transferring heat and returned to 9 in the cooling water tank. The hot water transferred to the exhaust heat is heated and stored in the hot water storage tank.
- the fuel cell 3 is cooled by the cooling water, and the exhaust heat collected by the fuel cell 3 is stored in the hot water storage tank as hot hot water storage and used by the user by hot water supply or the like.
- an inter-circulation path 15 having a pump 14 is formed between the cooling water tank 9 and the recovery water tank 13, and water stored in the recovery tank 13 is transferred to the cooling water tank 9 by the pump 14.
- the supplied water overflowed from the cooling water tank 9 returns to the recovered water tank 13.
- Water remaining in the cooling water tank 9 is used there as cooling water.
- a purifier including an ion exchanger (not shown) is disposed in the middle of the reciprocal circulation path 15 to the cooling water tank 9, and with such a configuration, the cooling water path 8 is circulated and deteriorated. Cooling water is purified.
- the water in the cooling water tank 9 is drained through the drainage path 18 by opening the drain valve, not shown.
- an electric heater 19 is disposed in a water path in the fuel cell system that may freeze.
- the cooling water path 8, the hot water path 10, the recovered water path 12, the mutual circulation path 15, the reforming water path 17 and the drainage path 18 which are examples of the water path of the present invention are arranged. It is installed.
- the electric heater 19 may be installed directly on these paths as in the present embodiment, it is installed at a position away from these paths, and these paths are indirectly heated by radiant heat. You may comprise as follows.
- the water path in which the electric heater 19 is disposed is not limited to the above.
- the water tank 13 may be the recovered water tank 13, and may be a misplaced part as long as it is a water water path related to the operation of the fuel cell. It does n’t matter.
- the fuel cell system includes an inverter 42 that converts DC power generated by the fuel cell 3 into AC power and outputs the AC power.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the freeze prevention circuit.
- the freeze prevention circuit 39 is configured by connecting an electric heater 19, an on / off switch 33 and a freeze prevention stop switch 34 in series to a power source 32.
- the power source 32 is constituted by a commercial power network to which the fuel cell 3 is linked.
- the commercial power network may be used as the power source 32 while the fuel cell system is stopped, and the fuel cell 3 may be used as the power source while the fuel cell system is generating.
- the freeze prevention circuit 39 when both the on / off switch 33 and the freeze prevention stop switch 34 are closed (turned on), the electric heater 19 is energized by the power source 32 to generate heat. Due to this heat generation, each path in which the electric heater 19 is disposed is heated, and water in each path is prevented from freezing.
- the on / off switch 33 When the on / off switch 33 is opened (turned off), the energization to the electric heater 19 is stopped and the anti-freezing operation is stopped.
- the freeze prevention stop switch 34 When the freeze prevention stop switch 34 is opened, the electric heater 19 is deenergized regardless of whether the on / off switch 33 is closed or opened, and the freeze prevention operation is prohibited.
- the operations of the on / off switch 33 and the freeze prevention stop switch 34 are controlled by a controller 21 described later.
- the on / off switch 32 is assumed to be mechanically automatically connected regardless of the control of the controller 21 when a temperature detector 20 described later detects a temperature equal to or lower than the first threshold temperature. Bimetal may be used.
- the fuel cell system includes a controller 21.
- the controller 21 is configured by an arithmetic unit such as a microcomputer, and includes a calculation unit (not shown) having, for example, CPU power, and a storage unit (not shown) having, for example, an internal memory. Further, an input unit (not shown) for inputting required data to the arithmetic unit and a display unit (not shown) for displaying the required data are provided.
- the controller 21 stores a predetermined program in the storage unit, and the calculation unit reads out and executes the program, thereby performing necessary control and data processing. Specifically, the controller 21 receives the detection signals of various sensor forces provided in a required part of the fuel cell system, and appropriately processes them to control the operation of the entire fuel cell system.
- the controller means not only a single controller but also a group of controllers. Therefore, the controller 21 is composed of a plurality of dispersedly arranged controllers that are not necessarily composed of a single controller, and these cooperate with each other in order to meet the required requirements. Can be configured to do control.
- the fuel cell system includes a temperature detector 20 (water-related temperature detector), a first abnormality detector, a second abnormality detector, It is equipped with.
- the temperature detector 20 is installed in a place where a temperature related to the temperature of water in each water path can be detected.
- the “temperature related to the temperature of water in the water path” refers to a temperature having a correlation with the temperature of water in the water path itself and the temperature of water in the water path. Therefore, if the temperature detector 20 is installed in a location that can detect the temperature correlated with the temperature of the water in the water path, the fuel cell system does not need to detect the temperature in the water path directly. It may be installed in any place, whether inside or outside.
- water freezing in the water channel is essentially related to the outside air temperature, so when installing in a location other than the water channel, it is desirable to install the temperature detector 20 in a place where the outside air temperature can be detected. .
- it is installed on the bottom plate of the housing that houses the fuel cell system! Speak.
- FIG. 3 is a table showing the classification of abnormalities in the present invention.
- the abnormality that accompanies the stop of the fuel cell system is defined including the first abnormality and the second abnormality.
- the abnormality that accompanies the shutdown of the fuel cell system may be defined including the abnormality other than the first abnormality and the second abnormality.
- Such anomalies are essentially unrelated to the present invention and are dealt with as appropriate.
- the first abnormality and the second abnormality will be explained.
- the first abnormality detector is for detecting the first abnormality
- the second abnormality detector is for detecting the second abnormality.
- the first abnormality means an abnormality including an abnormality related to leakage of combustible gas
- the second abnormality means an abnormality different from the first abnormality.
- the first abnormality is defined as an abnormality including an abnormality in which the safety of the fuel cell system is hindered by operating the heater while the abnormality occurs.
- the second abnormality is defined as an abnormality that does not hinder the safety of the fuel cell system even if the heater is operated while the abnormality is occurring.
- the “combustible gas concentration abnormality” in which the concentration of the combustible gas is equal to or higher than the threshold value and the “exhaust combustion gas CO concentration in which the CO concentration of the exhaust combustion gas is higher than the threshold value.
- abnormalities are defined as “pressure abnormalities”.
- the reasons for defining these abnormalities as the first abnormality are as follows.
- the “abnormal flammable gas concentration” is also a force that indicates that flammable gas is leaking into the fuel cell system.
- exhaust combustion gas CO concentration abnormality indicates that the combustion of PANA-5 is unstable, and there is a possibility that exhaust hydrogen gas or raw material, which is a fuel for combustion, may leak the exhaust combustion gas. It is.
- “Combustion fan abnormality” is a force that indicates that exhaust hydrogen gas or raw material, which is a fuel for combustion, may leak out of the exhaust combustion gas without burning in the burner 5.
- “Reformer temperature abnormality” indicates that the reformer 2 may be damaged due to an abnormally high temperature and the flammable gas (hydrogen or unmodified raw material) inside the reformer 2 may leak. That's it.
- Reformer pressure abnormality '' indicates that the reformer 2 may be damaged due to abnormally high pressure, and flammable gas (hydrogen or unreformed raw material) inside the reformer 2 may leak. Power. Note that these are examples, and some of these may be defined as the first abnormality, and others may be defined as the first abnormality.
- the second abnormality is the abnormality of the flow controller (excluding the combustion air supply) that controls the flow rate of water or air related to the operation of the fuel cell system.
- Water temperature abnormality which is an abnormality related to water temperature related to operation
- Water level abnormality which is an abnormality related to water level related to operation of fuel cell 3
- Fluid related to operation of fuel cell 3 excluding combustion air 5
- Flow rate abnormality which is an abnormality related to the flow rate of
- Electric output abnormality which is an abnormality related to the output of electricity generated by the fuel cell 3.
- Water temperature abnormality is defined as “cooling water temperature abnormality” in which the temperature of the cooling water is outside the allowable range (above the upper limit or below the lower limit), and “hot water temperature abnormality” in which the temperature of the hot water is outside the allowable range. ing.
- Water level abnormality means that the water level in the recovered water tank 13 is outside the allowable range (for example, below a predetermined threshold), and the water level in the cooling water tank 9 is outside the allowable range (for example, the predetermined level).
- “Cooling water tank water level abnormality” is specified.
- Flow abnormality means that the water is not normally supplied from the recovered water tank 13 to the reformer 2 “reform water abnormality”, and air is not normally supplied from the air supply 4 to the fuel cell 3 “stack” ⁇ Air supply error '', Hot water pump 35 does not operate normally ⁇ Hot water pump error '', Cooling water pump 7 does not operate normally ⁇ ⁇ Cooling water pump error '', and Oxidation gas path 37 to CO remover 36 “Oxidizing gas flow rate abnormality” is specified when the flow rate of supplied air is outside the allowable range (for example, below a predetermined threshold).
- Electric output abnormality related to the electricity generated by fuel cell 3 is defined as “stack voltage drop abnormality” in which the generated voltage of fuel cell 3 falls below the threshold, and “inverter abnormality” when inverter 42 does not operate normally. Being!
- the “abnormality of the flow controller” is not specifically shown here, but may be defined as appropriate. Note that these are examples, and some of these may be defined as the second abnormality, and others may be defined as the second abnormality.
- a flammable gas sensor 22 As the first abnormality detector, a flammable gas sensor 22, a CO sensor 23, a combustion fan abnormality detector 24, a reformer temperature detector 25, and a pressure detector 26 are installed here.
- the combustible gas sensor 22 has a function of detecting leakage of combustible gas in the fuel cell system, and includes a sensor that detects the concentration of combustible gas, for example, combustible raw material or hydrogen gas.
- the fuel cell system is installed in the upper part of the casing of the fuel cell system in which flammable gas tends to stay.
- the CO sensor 23 has a function of detecting the concentration of CO contained in the exhaust combustion gas from the burner 5.
- the CO sensor 23 includes a CO concentration sensor and is installed in the exhaust combustion gas path 27.
- the combustion fan abnormality detector 24 is installed in the combustion fan 6 and has a function of detecting an operation abnormality of the combustion fan 6. In this embodiment, an abnormality in the rotational speed of the combustion fan 6 is detected. Configured to do.
- the reformer temperature detector 25 has a function of detecting the temperature inside the reformer 2.
- the reformer temperature detector 25 is composed of a temperature sensor so that the temperature inside the reformer 2 can be detected.
- the reformer pressure detector 26 has a function of detecting the pressure inside the reformer 2, and here, it is composed of a pressure sensor, so that the pressure inside the reformer 2 can be detected. Installed in vessel 2.
- the controller 21 determines whether the physical quantity detected by the combustible gas sensor 22, the CO sensor 23, the reformer temperature detector 25, and the reformer pressure detector 26 is abnormal. Ru .
- the combustible gas sensor 22, CO sensor 23, reformer temperature detector 25, and reformer pressure detector 26 are each equipped with a computing unit such as a microcomputer, whether or not the physical quantity detected by each is abnormal. It may be configured to determine whether or not.
- the first abnormality detector includes a raw material flow detector that detects the flow rate of the raw material supplied from the raw material supply path 1, and the flow rate value detected by the raw material flow detector is equal to or higher than a predetermined flow rate.
- the controller 21 may be determined to be abnormal.
- the controller 21 is configured to perform the following gas leak check sequence using the raw material flow rate detector. That is, when the fuel cell system stops (in this case, standby (normal stop)), the upstream end of the raw material supply path 1 is closed by a valve (not shown).
- an appropriate gas pressure imposing means (gas supply means) is connected to the raw material supply path 1 and a gas pressure of 2 kPa is imposed on the raw material supply path 1 and is detected by the raw material flow meter. If the flow rate value is greater than or equal to the threshold value, the controller 21 determines that there is an abnormality. In such a case, it is assumed that combustible gas such as raw material gas or hydrogen-rich gas leaks in each path force.
- a cooling water temperature detector 52 As the second abnormality detector, here, a cooling water temperature detector 52, a hot water temperature detector 56, a recovered water level detector 53, a cooling water level detector 52, a reforming water supply abnormality detector 54 are used. , Stack air supply abnormality detector 58, hot water storage pump abnormality detector 55, cooling water pump abnormality detector 28, oxidizing gas flow abnormality detector 57, stack voltage detector 43, and inverter abnormality detector 44 are installed. ing.
- the cooling water temperature detector 55 includes a temperature sensor, and is installed in a place where the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water tank 9 can be detected.
- the hot water temperature detector 55 is composed of a temperature sensor, and is installed on the outer surface of the hot water tank 11 here.
- the recovered water level detector 53 is composed of a water level sensor and is installed in the recovered water tank 13 so that the water level can be detected.
- the cooling water level detector 51 is composed of a water level sensor, and is installed in the cooling water tank 19 so that the water level can be detected.
- the controller 21 determines that the temperature detected by the cooling water temperature detector 52 and the stored hot water temperature detector 56 is outside the allowable range (above the upper limit or less than the lower limit), and the temperature is abnormal.
- the reforming water pump abnormality detector 54 is installed in the reforming water pump 16 and has a function of detecting an operation abnormality of the reforming water pump 16.
- the reforming water pump 16 includes A pressure detector is provided, and it is configured to determine that the pressure change due to the reforming water evaporation is below a predetermined threshold value.
- the stack air supply abnormality detector 58 is installed in the air supply device 4 and has a function of detecting an operation abnormality of the air supply device 4.
- the air supply device 4 composed of a blower is provided.
- a flow meter for detecting the flow rate of the supplied air is provided, and the flow rate of the air is determined to be abnormal when the flow rate of the air is outside the allowable range (for example, below a predetermined threshold).
- the hot water pump abnormality detector 55 is installed in the hot water pump 35 and has a function of detecting an abnormal operation of the hot water pump 35.
- the hot water pump 35 has an abnormal rotation speed. It is configured to detect.
- It is installed in the cooling water pump abnormality detector 28 and the cooling water pump 7 and has a function of detecting an abnormal operation of the cooling water pump 7.
- the rotational speed abnormality of the cooling water pump 7 is detected.
- the oxidant gas flow rate abnormality detector 57 is composed of a flow meter installed in the oxidant gas path 37, and is configured to detect the flow rate of air supplied to the CO remover 36 through the oxidant gas path 37.
- the controller 21 determines that the temperature is abnormal if the empty flow rate detected by the oxygen gas flow rate abnormality detector 57 is outside the allowable range (for example, below a predetermined threshold).
- the stack voltage detector 43 is composed of a voltmeter installed between a pair of electric wires 41 extending from the pair of output terminals of the fuel cell 3 to the inverter 42, and detects the generated voltage of the fuel cell 3.
- the controller 21 determines that the stack voltage is abnormal when the voltage detected by the stack voltage detection falls below a threshold value.
- the inverter abnormality detector 44 is installed in the inverter 42 and has a function of detecting an operation abnormality of the inverter 42.
- an output current abnormality of the inverter 42 for example, a predetermined value It is configured to detect the above (threshold).
- the cooling water temperature detector 52, the hot water temperature detector 56, the recovered water level detector 53, the cooling water level detector 52, the oxidizing gas flow rate abnormality detector 57, and the stack voltage detection Whether or not the physical quantity detected by the vessel 43 is abnormal is determined by the controller 21.
- the cooling water temperature detector 52, the hot water temperature detector 56, the recovered water level detector 53, The cooling water level detector 52, the oxidant gas flow rate abnormality detector 57, and the stack voltage detector 43 are each equipped with a computing unit such as a microcomputer so as to determine whether or not the detected physical quantity is abnormal. You can configure it! /
- a raw material containing an organic compound composed of at least carbon and hydrogen is supplied to the reformer 2 from the raw material supply path 1.
- This raw material is heated by the burner 5 and undergoes a steam reforming reaction with steam generated from water supplied from the reforming water path 17 to generate a hydrogen-containing gas.
- the CO in the hydrogen-containing gas is reduced to a predetermined level by the CO remover 36, and then supplied to the fuel cell 3 through the hydrogen supply path 29.
- the hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing gas and the air supply 4 Electricity is generated by electrochemical reaction with oxygen in the supplied air.
- the waste gas that has not been consumed by the power generation reaction is supplied to the burner 5 through the exhaust hydrogen gas path 30 and used to heat the reformer 2.
- the water produced by the reaction in the fuel cell 3 is mainly contained in the exhaust air exhausted from the fuel cell 3 through the exhaust air path 38, and the moisture in the exhaust air is a condenser (not shown).
- the condensed water flows through the recovered water path 12 and is stored in the recovered water tank 13.
- water contained in the exhaust combustion gas discharged from the burner 5 through the exhaust combustion gas passage 9 is not shown in the figure!
- the water is condensed by the condenser, flows through the recovery water passage 12, and is stored in the recovery water tank 13. available.
- the moisture in the exhaust hydrogen gas is removed by a condenser (not shown) in order to stabilize the combustion in the burner 5, and is stored in the recovered water tank 13 via the recovered water path 12.
- the water stored in the recovered water tank 13 is supplied to the reformer 2 by the reforming water pump 16 and becomes steam, which is used for the steam reforming reaction.
- it is supplied to the cooling water tank 9 through the mutual circulation path 15 by the mutual circulation pump 14 and is also used as cooling water for cooling the fuel cell 3.
- Heat generated by the power generation reaction of the fuel cell 3 is transferred to the hot water flowing through the hot water storage path 10 through the heat exchange ⁇ 3 1 in the cooling water path 8 by circulating the cooling water by the cooling water pump 7. Used for household hot water and heating. [0055] If the controller 21 detects an abnormality with the first abnormality detector or the second abnormality detector, the operation of the fuel cell system is stopped. In addition, when the fuel cell system is normally stopped, the controller 21 detects the detected temperature T detected by the temperature detector 20 (water-related temperature detector) as the first threshold temperature (here, 0 ° C).
- the electric heater 19 is operated to prevent freezing when the temperature falls below the value, and when the detected temperature T is higher than the second threshold temperature (here 1.5 ° C) higher than the first threshold temperature, the electric heater 19 is operated. Is stopped and freeze prevention operation is stopped.
- the first threshold temperature is preferably a temperature at which water in the water path may freeze or a temperature close to the temperature (a few degrees higher), for example, 0 ° C to 5 ° C. A temperature within the range is set.
- the controller 21 operates the mutual circulation pump 14, the hot water pump 35, and the cooling water pump 7 simultaneously with the operation of the electric heater 19 during the anti-freezing operation, so that the mutual circulation path. 15. Pass water in hot water storage channel 10 and cooling water channel 8. However, this may be omitted for simplification.
- This anti-freezing operation is the same as the anti-freezing operation when an abnormality is detected by the second abnormality detector and the operation of the fuel cell system is stopped, which will be described in detail below.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the contents of the abnormality processing program stored in the controller 21.
- the controller 21 is at least one of a first abnormality detector (a combustible gas sensor 22, a CO sensor 23, a combustion fan abnormality detector 24, a reformer temperature detector 25, and a pressure detector 26).
- a first abnormality detector a combustible gas sensor 22, a CO sensor 23, a combustion fan abnormality detector 24, a reformer temperature detector 25, and a pressure detector 26.
- the controller 21 is a second abnormality detector (cooling water temperature detector 52, hot water temperature detector 56, recovered water level detector 53, cooling water level detector 52, reforming water supply abnormality detection.
- the freeze prevention operation is performed when the detected temperature T detected by the temperature detector 20 becomes equal to or lower than the first threshold temperature (0 ° C).
- the controller 21 first passes through the first abnormality detector or the second abnormality detector.
- the abnormality is the first abnormality or the second abnormality from the classification of the abnormality detector that detected the abnormality (step Sl).
- step S2 If the controller 21 determines that the abnormality that has occurred is the first abnormality, the controller 21 stops the operation of the fuel cell system (step S2). Then, the freeze prevention stop switch 34 of the freeze prevention circuit 39 (FIG. 3) is opened (step S3). The freeze prevention stop switch 34 is closed in the initial state (normal state). Then, the abnormality process is terminated. As a result, the freeze prevention circuit 39 is deactivated, the freeze prevention operation is prohibited, and the on operation of the electric heater 19 is prohibited. In other words, the freeze prevention operation is stopped if it is being executed, and is prohibited if it is not being executed.
- the force that the combustible gas is assumed to leak into the fuel cell system Since the on-operation of the electric heater 19 that can be an ignition source is prohibited, the on-operation of the electric heater 19 is prevented from causing a fire, an explosion, etc., and the safety of the fuel cell system is ensured.
- the combustion state in the PANA 5 is incomplete combustion, and a combustible gas such as raw material or exhaust hydrogen gas leaks.
- a combustible gas such as raw material or exhaust hydrogen gas leaks.
- the operation of the electric heater 19, which can be an ignition source is prohibited. This prevents the on-operation of the electric heater 19 from causing a fire, etc., and ensures the safety of the fuel cell system. Is done.
- the combustion state in the Pana 5 is incomplete combustion and the raw material is It is assumed that flammable gas, ie, exhaust hydrogen gas, is leaking, but this prevents the on-operation of the electric heater 19 that can be an ignition source. It is prevented from being caused and the safety of the fuel cell system is ensured.
- the first abnormality is an abnormality detected by the reformer temperature detector 25 or the pressure detector 26, the inside of the reformer 2 has an abnormally high temperature exceeding the heat resistance of the reformer 2. Or the force that is expected to cause the reformer 2 to break and the internal combustible gas to leak due to the abnormally high pressure exceeding the pressure resistance of the reformer 2. on Since the operation is prohibited, the on-operation of the electric heater 19 prevents a fire or the like from being caused, and ensures the safety of the fuel cell system.
- step S1 determines whether or not the detected temperature T of the temperature detector 20 is less than or equal to a first threshold (0 ° C) that is a criterion for determining whether or not to perform the freeze prevention operation (Step S). Five). If the detected temperature T is not lower than the first threshold temperature, it is monitored whether the detected temperature T is lower than the first threshold temperature. When the detected temperature T is lower than the first threshold temperature or lower than the first threshold temperature, the controller 21 closes the on / off switch 33 of the freeze prevention circuit 39 (step S6). ).
- the freeze prevention operation is performed and the electric heater 19 operates.
- the controller 21 operates the mutual circulation pump 14, the hot water pump 35, and the cooling water pump 7 simultaneously with the operation of the electric heater 19, so that the mutual circulation path 15, the hot water path 10, and the cooling water path 8 are in operation. Let the water flow. Thereby, freezing of water in the mutual circulation path 15, the hot water storage path 10, and the cooling water path 8 is prevented, and damage to the fuel cell system due to freezing of water in these water paths is prevented.
- the controller 21 determines whether or not the detected temperature T of the temperature detector 20 is equal to or higher than the second threshold temperature (1.5 ° C) (step S7). If the detected temperature T is not equal to or higher than the second threshold temperature, the process returns to step S6, and the on / off switch 33 is kept closed until the detected temperature T becomes equal to or higher than the second threshold temperature. Prevent operation. If the detected temperature T is equal to or higher than the second threshold temperature or higher than the second threshold temperature, the on / off switch 33 is opened (step S8). Thereby, the freeze prevention operation is stopped. Then, return to step S5 and monitor whether the detected temperature T is below the first threshold.
- the controller 21 determines again whether or not the first abnormality is detected by the first abnormality detector, and the first abnormality is not detected.
- the electric heater 19 may be operated by performing the freeze prevention operation based on the detected temperature T of the temperature detector 20.
- the combustible gas sensor 22 detects that the combustible gas concentration is equal to or higher than the threshold value of the combustible gas as the first abnormality, and after the fuel cell system is stopped, the combustible gas sensor 22 detects it.
- the electric heater 19 may be operated by performing the freeze prevention operation based on the detected temperature T of the temperature detector 20.
- the first and second threshold temperatures of the detected temperature are preferably set as appropriate according to the installation location of the temperature detector 20.
- the first abnormality that is different from the abnormality related to leakage of combustible gas. It does not matter. For example, some of the “flow controller abnormality”, “water temperature abnormality”, “water level abnormality”, “flow abnormality”, and “electric output abnormality” exemplified as the second abnormality are included in the first abnormality. However, the object and effect of the present invention are not impaired.
- the fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention has a mechanism for preventing water freezing and ensuring safety when an abnormality occurs and is useful for a fuel cell system used for home use or the like.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/308,046 US8329353B2 (en) | 2006-06-06 | 2007-06-06 | Fuel cell system |
JP2008520611A JP5139282B2 (ja) | 2006-06-06 | 2007-06-06 | 燃料電池システム |
CN2007800212728A CN101467293B (zh) | 2006-06-06 | 2007-06-06 | 燃料电池*** |
EP07744827.2A EP2053680B1 (en) | 2006-06-06 | 2007-06-06 | Fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006156947 | 2006-06-06 | ||
JP2006-156947 | 2006-06-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007142278A1 true WO2007142278A1 (ja) | 2007-12-13 |
Family
ID=38801525
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2007/061488 WO2007142278A1 (ja) | 2006-06-06 | 2007-06-06 | 燃料電池システム |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8329353B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2053680B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5139282B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101467293B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007142278A1 (ja) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010058604A1 (ja) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2011175851A (ja) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-09-08 | Kyocera Corp | 燃料電池装置 |
JP2011175852A (ja) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-09-08 | Kyocera Corp | 燃料電池装置 |
JP2011222467A (ja) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-11-04 | Chung Hsin Electric & Machinery Corp | 燃料電池の気体燃料供給システム |
EP2416416A1 (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2012-02-08 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel cell system |
JP2012169087A (ja) * | 2011-02-10 | 2012-09-06 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2013191319A (ja) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-26 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2013235697A (ja) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-11-21 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
US8747498B2 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2014-06-10 | Panasonic Corporation | Hydrogen generator and fuel cell system comprising the same |
US8916304B2 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2014-12-23 | Panasonic Corporation | Hydrogen generator and fuel cell system including same |
JP2019117710A (ja) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-18 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 監視装置及び監視システム |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101040866B1 (ko) * | 2009-09-02 | 2011-06-14 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 개질기 및 그 제어방법 |
US8951684B2 (en) * | 2009-10-08 | 2015-02-10 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Control detection method to enable gas composition observing during fuel cell system startup |
RU2013125753A (ru) * | 2010-12-13 | 2015-01-20 | Панасоник Корпорэйшн | Система генерирования энергии и способ работы |
JP5763480B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-07 | 2015-08-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP5763481B2 (ja) | 2011-09-07 | 2015-08-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
KR101352320B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-22 | 2014-01-17 | 포스코에너지 주식회사 | 연료전지 기반의 열회수 장치 및 그 동작 방법 |
JP6476696B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-30 | 2019-03-06 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP6534116B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-22 | 2019-06-26 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池システム |
JP6887090B2 (ja) * | 2016-10-13 | 2021-06-16 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 水素生成システムおよび燃料電池システム |
JP6670480B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-23 | 2020-03-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池車両 |
CN110945695A (zh) * | 2017-07-28 | 2020-03-31 | 京瓷株式会社 | 燃料电池***、设备管理方法、管理装置和设备管理*** |
CN207265713U (zh) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-04-20 | 特斯拉公司 | 具有热保护的充电*** |
CN112706658B (zh) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-07-29 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | 混合动力***控制方法、汽车及计算机可读存储介质 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002216824A (ja) * | 2001-01-15 | 2002-08-02 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 固体高分子形燃料電池発電装置 |
JP2004006270A (ja) * | 2002-03-26 | 2004-01-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2004207093A (ja) | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムおよびその運転方法 |
JP2005259494A (ja) * | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池コージェネレーションシステム |
JP2005327501A (ja) * | 2004-05-12 | 2005-11-24 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
JP2007200679A (ja) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002352839A (ja) | 2001-05-22 | 2002-12-06 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムの保護停止制御装置 |
KR100525668B1 (ko) | 2002-03-26 | 2005-11-02 | 마츠시타 덴끼 산교 가부시키가이샤 | 연료 전지 시스템 |
JP2005062532A (ja) * | 2003-08-14 | 2005-03-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | カメラ |
-
2007
- 2007-06-06 EP EP07744827.2A patent/EP2053680B1/en active Active
- 2007-06-06 JP JP2008520611A patent/JP5139282B2/ja active Active
- 2007-06-06 CN CN2007800212728A patent/CN101467293B/zh active Active
- 2007-06-06 WO PCT/JP2007/061488 patent/WO2007142278A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2007-06-06 US US12/308,046 patent/US8329353B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002216824A (ja) * | 2001-01-15 | 2002-08-02 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 固体高分子形燃料電池発電装置 |
JP2004006270A (ja) * | 2002-03-26 | 2004-01-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2004207093A (ja) | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムおよびその運転方法 |
JP2005259494A (ja) * | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池コージェネレーションシステム |
JP2005327501A (ja) * | 2004-05-12 | 2005-11-24 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
JP2007200679A (ja) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8747498B2 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2014-06-10 | Panasonic Corporation | Hydrogen generator and fuel cell system comprising the same |
WO2010058604A1 (ja) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2012256606A (ja) * | 2008-11-20 | 2012-12-27 | Panasonic Corp | 燃料電池システム |
JP2012256607A (ja) * | 2008-11-20 | 2012-12-27 | Panasonic Corp | 燃料電池システム |
US9083014B2 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2015-07-14 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system for performing normal and abnormal shut-down processes |
US8916304B2 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2014-12-23 | Panasonic Corporation | Hydrogen generator and fuel cell system including same |
US20100291451A1 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-11-18 | Yoshio Tamura | Fuel cell system |
EP2416416A4 (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2014-06-18 | Panasonic Corp | FUEL CELL SYSTEM |
CN102379057A (zh) * | 2009-04-01 | 2012-03-14 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 燃料电池*** |
EP2416416A1 (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2012-02-08 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel cell system |
US9252436B2 (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2016-02-02 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
JP2011175851A (ja) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-09-08 | Kyocera Corp | 燃料電池装置 |
JP2011175852A (ja) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-09-08 | Kyocera Corp | 燃料電池装置 |
JP2011222467A (ja) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-11-04 | Chung Hsin Electric & Machinery Corp | 燃料電池の気体燃料供給システム |
JP2012169087A (ja) * | 2011-02-10 | 2012-09-06 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2013191319A (ja) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-26 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2013235697A (ja) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-11-21 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2019117710A (ja) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-18 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 監視装置及び監視システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2053680B1 (en) | 2019-02-13 |
JPWO2007142278A1 (ja) | 2009-10-29 |
CN101467293B (zh) | 2011-07-27 |
US8329353B2 (en) | 2012-12-11 |
US20090181271A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
JP5139282B2 (ja) | 2013-02-06 |
EP2053680A1 (en) | 2009-04-29 |
EP2053680A4 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
CN101467293A (zh) | 2009-06-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5139282B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
US9083014B2 (en) | Fuel cell system for performing normal and abnormal shut-down processes | |
US8747498B2 (en) | Hydrogen generator and fuel cell system comprising the same | |
JP5760166B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5789783B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5988701B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5504725B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5649760B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 | |
JP4929734B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5879970B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2008091096A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
WO2010007947A1 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP7455723B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム、制御装置、及び制御プログラム | |
JP7505905B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム、制御装置、及び制御プログラム | |
JP2018154530A (ja) | 水素生成装置及びそれを備えた燃料電池システム | |
JP7472805B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP7450514B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200780021272.8 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 07744827 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2008520611 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12308046 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007744827 Country of ref document: EP |