WO2007137897A1 - Method and device for cleaning valves - Google Patents
Method and device for cleaning valves Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007137897A1 WO2007137897A1 PCT/EP2007/053218 EP2007053218W WO2007137897A1 WO 2007137897 A1 WO2007137897 A1 WO 2007137897A1 EP 2007053218 W EP2007053218 W EP 2007053218W WO 2007137897 A1 WO2007137897 A1 WO 2007137897A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- injection valve
- exhaust gas
- fuel
- spray perforated
- gas flow
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
- F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
- F01N2610/102—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance after addition to exhaust gases, e.g. by a passively or actively heated surface in the exhaust conduit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
Definitions
- a fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines comprises an actuator and a valve needle operatively connected to the actuator and acted upon by a return spring in a closing direction for confirming a valve closing body.
- This forms a sealing seat together with a formed on a valve seat body valve seat.
- a spray perforated disk is arranged, wherein the spray perforated disk is curved in a dotted manner in a flow direction of the fuel.
- particulate filters in particular diesel particulate filters
- the particulate filters retain the soot particles contained in the exhaust gas of a self-igniting internal combustion engine which accumulate in the filter pockets of the diesel particulate filter with the operating time of the self-igniting internal combustion engine.
- the exhaust gas temperature is usually raised by the fact that motor measures are taken.
- the required spray quality can be achieved by multi-hole nozzles, in which the additionally metered into the exhaust gas fuel is metered through several individual holes in the exhaust.
- These multi-hole nozzles have a multiplicity of small and minute openings which, however, are deposited on the individual holes by the residual fluid remaining therefrom and the soot accumulating from the exhaust gas at the multi-hole nozzle over the service life of the multi-hole nozzle and clog these gradually.
- the additionally metered into the exhaust gas amount of fuel decreases and in particular the fine droplet distribution within the spray decreases drastically. This, in turn, significantly affects the exhaust gas conditioning, so that the effectiveness of the temperature increase generated by the oxidation catalyst is significantly impaired.
- a heating device is provided at an additional injector, via which a spray of finely divided fuel liquid droplets is introduced into the gas.
- a periodic activation of the heating device can bring about a periodic cleaning or vaporization of soot and fuel deposits on a multi-hole nozzle, so that a long-term constant operation of the additional injector is possible.
- At the multi-hole nozzle of the additional fuel injector which is also referred to as a spray orifice plate, at least one heating wire is integrated.
- the heating wire representing the additional heating device can on the one hand run on the outside, ie on the side of the multi-hole nozzle or injection-perforated disc facing the flow channel.
- the at least one heating wire representing the heating device can also be arranged on the inner side, ie the side of the spray perforated disk or the multi-hole nozzle facing away from the exhaust gas flow, and thus be arranged within the injector body of the injector for introducing additional fuel into the exhaust gas flow.
- the temperature at the spray perforated disk or the multi-hole nozzle in the immediate vicinity of Spray holes raised to a temperature of about 600 0 C, so that adhering fuel residues and soot particles evaporate or burn.
- the heating device can be insulated inwards by means of a thermal insulation.
- the temperature of the spray perforated disk or the multi-hole nozzle can be increased shortly after the metering of fuel nebula for Pumblefiltergene- ration to a temperature of for example 400 0 C to evaporate adhering fuel residues quickly. Furthermore, it is also possible by the inventively proposed solution to produce a longer-term increase in temperature to counteract the diffuse deposition of soot particles by thermophoresis or exclude these entirely.
- a further additional measure in the form of a thermal insulation between the spray perforated disk or the multi-hole nozzle and the injector body of the injector is that a thermal decoupling of the multi-hole nozzle or the spray perforated disk from the injector body of the fuel injector is made. While the valve tip is directly exposed to the hot exhaust gas flow in the region of the multi-hole nozzle or the spray perforated disk, the thermal insulation of the spray perforated disk avoids that the heat supplied to it being discharged into the interior of the injector body. Ideally, the spray perforated disk or the multi-hole nozzle assumes the exhaust gas temperature on the side facing the exhaust gas flow.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the exhaust gas tract of a self-igniting internal combustion engine with an injection site for additional fuel in the exhaust gas flow upstream of an oxidation catalytic converter
- FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment variant of an exhaust-gas flow-side end of an additional fuel injector
- Figure 3 shows a further embodiment of the exhaust gas flow facing the end of the additional fuel injector
- Figure 4 shows a variant of the additional fuel in the exhaust gas flow introducing fuel injector with thermal insulation.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the exhaust gas tract of a self-igniting internal combustion engine, wherein an oxidizing catalytic converter is accommodated in the exhaust gas tract, preceded by a metering point for additional exhaust gas.
- an exhaust pipe 12 In the exhaust tract 10 of the self-igniting internal combustion engine extends an exhaust pipe 12, via which the exhaust gas of the self-igniting internal combustion engine flows to an oxidation catalyst 18.
- the exhaust pipe 12 is bounded by a pipe wall 20.
- An inflow side of the exhaust pipe 12 is denoted by reference numeral 14, and an outflow side of the exhaust gas flow is identified by reference numeral 16.
- the outflow side 16 of the exhaust pipe 12 represents the inflow side of an oxidation catalyst 18.
- the exhaust pipe 12 is constructed symmetrically to its symmetry axis 22.
- an injection valve 24 is integrated in the pipe wall 20 of the exhaust pipe 12.
- the injection valve 24 is connected via a supply line 25, for example, with the fuel tank of the vehicle with a self-igniting internal combustion engine in connection and is supplied via this with fuel.
- the injection valve 24 comprises a valve body 26 which penetrates the pipe wall 20 of the exhaust gas pipe 12 in a penetrating manner partly into the exhaust gas flow which flows through the exhaust gas pipe 12.
- a Ventilkol- ben 28 Within the valve body 26 is a Ventilkol- ben 28, only indicated schematically here, which is movable in the direction of the double arrow in Figure 1 in the vertical direction.
- the valve piston 28 acts with a valve seat 26 formed in the valve seat 30 together.
- Below the valve seat 30 is located in the valve body 26 of the injection valve 24 identified by a reference numeral 36 cavity which is adjacent to the valve seat 30 bounded by a spray perforated disk 32.
- additional fuel indicated by reference numeral 34, in which the exhaust pipe 12 possierende exhaust gas flow initiated.
- reference numeral 34 in which the exhaust pipe 12 possierende exhaust gas flow initiated.
- FIG. 2 shows a section through the end of the injection valve facing the exhaust gas flow as shown in FIG.
- valve piston 28 which can be moved in vertical direction, is located, which cooperates with the valve seat 30 also formed within the valve body 26.
- valve seat 30 an opening is formed, which may be circular, for example, and by the valve seat 30 facing end face of the valve piston 28 is closed.
- the opening in the valve seat 30 is fully or partially released, so that additional fuel flows from the interior of the valve body 26 via the open valve seat 30 to the cavity 36.
- the valve body 26 is delimited by a spray-bonded disk 32, which is preferably adhesively connected to the valve body 26 at joints 54.
- the spray perforated disk 32 preferably comprises a multiplicity of individual openings 48.
- the joining parts 54 between the valve body 26 and the spray perforated disk 32 may, for example, be designed as welds; Alternatively, it is also possible to screw the spray perforated disk 32 into the valve body 26 or to carry out the valve body 26 with integrated spray perforated disk 32 as an integral component.
- FIG. 2 shows that, on the outside of the spray perforated disk 32, with respect to the representation according to FIG. Flow facing side of the spray perforated disk 32, to which a here designed as a heating wire 44 heating device is assigned.
- a graduation which corresponds to the spacing of individual heating wires 44 of the heating device is identified by reference numeral 56.
- the at least one heating wire 44 of the heating device preferably runs in such a way that the at least one heating wire 44 extends over the solid material of the spray perforated disk 32 and does not cover the openings 48 formed in the spray perforated disk 32.
- the spray perforated disk 32 is heated, so that fuel remaining in the individual openings 48 evaporates and soot particles accumulating on the spray perforated disk 32 in the region of the individual openings 48 are burned off.
- the first embodiment variant of the heating device shown in FIG. 2 permanently ensures the quality of the spray of additional fuel generated by the injection valve 24, since the geometry of the individual openings 48 in the spray perforated disk 32 is not due to fuel deposits or due to soot particles clogging the individual openings 48 is impaired.
- the thickness of the spray perforated disk 32 is indicated by reference numeral 46.
- the cavity 36 in the injection valve 24 is defined by a first end face 38 of the spray perforated disk 32, an inner wall 42 of the valve body 26, and the valve seat 30 with an opening formed therein.
- the heating device is located on a second end face 40 of the spray perforated disk 32, ie on its surface facing the exhaust gas flow.
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the downstream end of an additional fuel in the injection flow metering injector.
- the heater is at least one heating wire 44 comprising, on the inside of the spray perforated disk 32, here on the first end face 38 within the cavity 36 in the valve body 26.
- the at least one heating wire 44 extends at the first end face 38 of the spray perforated disk 32 in a graduation 56.
- at least one heating wire 44 is located inside, ie in the cavity 36 of the valve body 26 comprehensive, it is achieved that the Heater itself is not contaminated by soot particles contained in the exhaust gas flow of the self-igniting internal combustion engine.
- the at least one heating wire for example, covers the first end face 38 of the spray perforated disk 32, there is a free inflow cross section to the individual openings 48 formed in the spray perforated disk 32.
- valve seat 30 is formed in the interior of the valve body 26, the opening of which can be fully released by the valve piston 28 according to the vertical stroke, fully closed or partially opened .
- the spray perforated disk 32 according to the second embodiment variant of the injection valve 24 shown in FIG. 3 can be joined to the valve body 26 at the joints 54 both in a material-locking manner and in a force-fit manner, for example shrunk.
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment variant of the injection valve 24 shown only in a schematic illustration in FIG.
- a thermal insulation 50 is embedded in the cavity 36 between the valve seat 30 and the spray perforated disk 32.
- the thermal insulation 50 separates the spray hole disk 32 arranged at the exhaust gas flow-side end from the interior of the valve body 26.
- the thermal insulation 50 comprises individual openings 52 which are formed in a partition 58, such that the openings 52 of the thermal insulation 50 with the individual openings 48 the spray hole disk 32 are aligned. This is an unobstructed inflow tion of the additional fuel stored in the valve body 26 when the valve seat 30 is open to the spray perforated disk 32.
- the heating device which is formed by the at least one heating wire 44, is omitted.
- the embodiment variants of the heating device illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, which are represented by the at least one heating wire 44, can be energized at regular intervals so that the temperature at the spray perforated disk 32 in the direct vicinity of the individual openings 48 is at a temperature level of above 600 ° C increases. At this temperature, the outflowing fuel flow obstructing fuel residues evaporates in the individual openings 48. Furthermore, soot particles that have accumulated in the flow cross sections of the individual openings 48 burn at this temperature level. If the heating device is arranged from the at least one heating wire 44 on the first end face 38 as shown in FIG. 3 or on the second end face 40 as shown in FIG. 2, then, although not shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the cavity 36 of the valve body 26, a thermal insulation 50 be added, as shown in the embodiment of Figure 4.
- the temperature increase of the spray perforated disk 32 is brought about by the flow of exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe 12.
- the interior of the valve body 26 of the injection valve 24 is decoupled from the spray perforated disk 32 by the thermal insulation 50.
- the thermal insulation 50 arranged in the cavity 36 that the temperature level of the spray perforated disk 32 does not act on the valve body 26 of the injection valve 24. Furthermore, it is achieved by the thermal insulation 50 that the heating effect of the exhaust gas flow is limited to the spray perforated disk 32 and this really takes the temperature of the exhaust gas flow after a corresponding heating time. In a variant of the drawing which is not shown in the drawing, the thermal insulation 50 can also be applied to the side of the spray perforated disk 32 facing the exhaust gas flow.
- the thermal insulation 50 can be represented by a coating with a ceramic thermal thin layer, wherein it must be ensured that this influences the exhaust gas flow within the exhaust pipe 12 as little as possible.
- the thermal insulation 50 in the form of a coating with a ceramic thermal thin layer is applied to the spray perforated disk 32 in such a way that the injection openings 48 formed therein are not covered by the ceramic thermal thin layer.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for the catalytic combustion of fuel (34) which is metered into the exhaust manifold (10) of an internal combustion engine by means of an injection valve (24). Preferably, an oxidation catalyst (18) is positioned in the exhaust manifold (10) of the internal combustion engine. The metered fuel (34) is atomized in an exhaust gas flow by means of the injection valve (24). An end (32) of the invention valve (24) facing the direction of the exhaust gas flow in an exhaust pipe (12) is continuously or intermittently heated by means of a heating device (44), or an end (32) of the injection valve (24) which is thermally decoupled from the injection valve (24) is directly heated by the exhaust gas flow.
Description
Beschreibungdescription
Titeltitle
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von VentilenMethod and device for cleaning valves
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Aus DE 101 18 164 Al ist ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil umfasst einen Aktuator sowie einen mit dem Aktuator in Wirkverbindung stehenden und einer Schließrichtung von einer Rückstellfeder beaufschlagte Ventilnadel zur Bestätigung eines Ventilschließkörpers. Dieser bildet zusammen mit einer an einem Ventilsitzkörper ausgebildeten Ventilsitzfläche einen Dichtsitz. Abströmseitig des Ventilsitzkörpers ist eine Spritzlochscheibe angeordnet, wobei die Spritzlochscheibe in einer Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffes kalottiert gewölbt ausgebildet ist.From DE 101 18 164 Al a fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines is known. The fuel injection valve comprises an actuator and a valve needle operatively connected to the actuator and acted upon by a return spring in a closing direction for confirming a valve closing body. This forms a sealing seat together with a formed on a valve seat body valve seat. On the downstream side of the valve seat body, a spray perforated disk is arranged, wherein the spray perforated disk is curved in a dotted manner in a flow direction of the fuel.
An selbstzündenden Verbrennungskraftmaschinen werden aufgrund der höheren Anforderungen von Abgasnormen Partikelfilter, insbesondere Dieselpartikelfilter eingesetzt. Die Partikelfilter halten die im Abgas einer selbstzündenden Verbrennungskraftmaschine enthaltenen Rußpartikel zurück, welche sich mit der Betriebs- zeit der selbstzündenden Verbrennungskraftmaschine in den Filtertaschen des Dieselpartikelfilters anlagern. Zur Regeneration von Partikelfiltern selbstzündender Verbrennungskraftmaschinen wird die Abgastemperatur üblicherweise dadurch angehoben, dass motorische Maßnahmen ergriffen werden. Ist die zum Abbrand der Rußpartikel erforderliche Abgastemperaturerhöhung durch motorische Maßnahmen allein nicht möglich, wird durch einen zusätzlich im Abgastrakt der selbstzündenden Verbrennungskraftmaschine vorgesehenen Injektor, Kraftstoff in das Abgas eindosiert, der an einem Oxidationskatalysator katalytisch verbrannt wird. Dadurch wird die erforderliche Wärme zur Temperaturerhöhung freigesetzt. Für das zusätzliche Einbringen von Kraftstoff in den Abgastrakt der Verbrennungskraftmaschine wurde das HCI-System (Hydro Carbon Injection) entwickelt. Für eine gute katalytische Verbrennung des in das Abgas eindosierten Kraftstoffs im Bereich des Oxidations-
katalysators ist eine feine Verteilung des zusätzlich eindosierten Kraftstoffs erforderlich. Der erzeugte Sprühnebel sollte idealerweise aus gleichmäßig verteilten kleinen Tröpfchen bestehen. Die erforderliche Sprayqualität kann durch Mehrlochdüsen erreicht werden, bei denen der zusätzlich in das Abgas eindosierte Kraftstoff durch mehrere Einzellöcher ins Abgas eindosiert wird. Diese Mehrlochdüsen weisen eine Vielzahl kleiner und kleinster Öffnungen auf, die sich jedoch durch an diesen verbliebene Flüssigkeitsreste und sich den aus dem Abgas an der Mehrlochdüse anlagernden Ruß über die Betriebsdauer der Mehrlochdüse an den Einzellöchern ablagern und diese nach und nach verstopfen. Dadurch nimmt die zusätzlich in das Abgas eindosierte Menge von Kraftstoff ab und insbesondere die feine Tröpfchenverteilung innerhalb des Sprühnebels nimmt drastisch ab. Dies wiederum beeinträchtigt die Abgaskonditionierung erheblich, so dass die Wirksamkeit der durch den Oxidationskatalysator erzeugten Temperaturerhöhung erheblich beeinträchtigt wird.On self-igniting internal combustion engines, particulate filters, in particular diesel particulate filters, are used due to the higher requirements of emission standards. The particulate filters retain the soot particles contained in the exhaust gas of a self-igniting internal combustion engine which accumulate in the filter pockets of the diesel particulate filter with the operating time of the self-igniting internal combustion engine. For the regeneration of particulate filters of self-igniting internal combustion engines, the exhaust gas temperature is usually raised by the fact that motor measures are taken. If the exhaust-gas temperature increase required for combustion of the soot particles is not possible by engine measures alone, fuel is metered into the exhaust gas by an additional injector provided in the exhaust tract of the self-igniting internal combustion engine, which is catalytically burned on an oxidation catalytic converter. As a result, the heat required to increase the temperature is released. For the additional introduction of fuel into the exhaust tract of the internal combustion engine, the HCI system (Hydro Carbon Injection) was developed. For a good catalytic combustion of the fuel metered into the exhaust gas in the region of the oxidation catalyst, a fine distribution of additionally metered in fuel is required. The generated spray should ideally consist of evenly distributed small droplets. The required spray quality can be achieved by multi-hole nozzles, in which the additionally metered into the exhaust gas fuel is metered through several individual holes in the exhaust. These multi-hole nozzles have a multiplicity of small and minute openings which, however, are deposited on the individual holes by the residual fluid remaining therefrom and the soot accumulating from the exhaust gas at the multi-hole nozzle over the service life of the multi-hole nozzle and clog these gradually. As a result, the additionally metered into the exhaust gas amount of fuel decreases and in particular the fine droplet distribution within the spray decreases drastically. This, in turn, significantly affects the exhaust gas conditioning, so that the effectiveness of the temperature increase generated by the oxidation catalyst is significantly impaired.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Lösung folgend, wird an einem zusätzlichen Injektor, über den ein Sprühnebel von feinverteilten Kraftstoffflüssigkeitstrop- fen in das Gas eingebracht wird, eine Heizeinrichtung vorgesehen. Über eine periodische Aktivierung der Heizeinrichtung kann eine regelmäßige Reinigung Abbrand oder Verdampfung von Ruß- und Kraftstoffablagerungen an einer Mehrlochdüse herbeigeführt werden, so dass langfristig ein konstanter Betrieb des zusätzlichen Injektors möglich ist.Following the solution proposed according to the invention, a heating device is provided at an additional injector, via which a spray of finely divided fuel liquid droplets is introduced into the gas. A periodic activation of the heating device can bring about a periodic cleaning or vaporization of soot and fuel deposits on a multi-hole nozzle, so that a long-term constant operation of the additional injector is possible.
An der Mehrlochdüse des zusätzlichen Kraftstoffinjektors, die auch als Spritzlochscheibe bezeichnet wird, wird mindestens ein Heizdraht integriert. Der die zusätzliche Heizeinrichtung darstellende Heizdraht kann einerseits außen liegend, d. h. an der dem Strömungskanal zugewandten Seite der Mehrlochdüse oder Spritzloch- scheibe verlaufen. In einer anderen Ausführungsvariante kann der die Heizeinrichtung darstellende mindestens eine Heizdraht auch an der innen liegenden Seite, d. h. der der Abgasströmung abgewandten Seite der Spritzlochscheibe bzw. der Mehrlochdüse angeordnet werden und somit innerhalb des Injektorkörpers des Injektors zum Einbringen zusätzlichen Kraftstoffs in die Abgasströmung angeordnet werden. In regelmäßigen Zeitabständen wird mittels der Heizeinrichtung die Temperatur an der Spritzlochscheibe bzw. der Mehrlochdüse in direkter Nähe der
Spritzlöcher auf eine Temperatur von über 600 0C angehoben, so dass anhaftende Kraftstoff rückstände sowie Rußpartikel verdampfen bzw. verbrennen.At the multi-hole nozzle of the additional fuel injector, which is also referred to as a spray orifice plate, at least one heating wire is integrated. The heating wire representing the additional heating device can on the one hand run on the outside, ie on the side of the multi-hole nozzle or injection-perforated disc facing the flow channel. In another embodiment variant, the at least one heating wire representing the heating device can also be arranged on the inner side, ie the side of the spray perforated disk or the multi-hole nozzle facing away from the exhaust gas flow, and thus be arranged within the injector body of the injector for introducing additional fuel into the exhaust gas flow. At regular intervals by means of the heater, the temperature at the spray perforated disk or the multi-hole nozzle in the immediate vicinity of Spray holes raised to a temperature of about 600 0 C, so that adhering fuel residues and soot particles evaporate or burn.
Um die thermische Belastung des Kraftstoffinjektors im Abgastrakt der Verbren- nungskraftmaschine, insbesondere in dessen Innenraum zu reduzieren, kann die Heizeinrichtung nach innen mittels einer thermischen Isolation isoliert sein.In order to reduce the thermal load of the fuel injector in the exhaust gas tract of the internal combustion engine, in particular in its interior, the heating device can be insulated inwards by means of a thermal insulation.
Des Weiteren kann die Temperatur der Spritzlochscheibe bzw. der Mehrlochdüse kurzfristig nach der Eindosierung von Kraftstoffnebels eines zur Partikelfiltergene- ration auf eine Temperatur von zum Beispiel 400 0C angehoben werden, um anhaftende Kraftstoffreste schnell zu verdampfen. Des Weiteren ist es durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Lösung auch möglich, eine längerfristige Temperaturerhöhung zu erzeugen, um der diffusen Anlagerung von Rußpartikeln durch Thermophorese entgegenzuwirken oder diese gänzlich auszuschließen.Furthermore, the temperature of the spray perforated disk or the multi-hole nozzle can be increased shortly after the metering of fuel nebula for Partikelfiltergene- ration to a temperature of for example 400 0 C to evaporate adhering fuel residues quickly. Furthermore, it is also possible by the inventively proposed solution to produce a longer-term increase in temperature to counteract the diffuse deposition of soot particles by thermophoresis or exclude these entirely.
Eine weitere zusätzliche Maßnahme in Gestalt einer thermischen Isolation zwischen der Spritzlochscheibe bzw. der Mehrlochdüse und dem Injektorkörper des Injektors besteht darin, dass eine thermische Entkopplung der Mehrlochdüse bzw. der Spritzlochscheibe vom Injektorkörper des Kraftstoffinjektors vorgenommen wird. Während die Ventilspitze im Bereich der Mehrlochdüse bzw. der Spritzlochscheibe der heißen Abgasströmung unmittelbar ausgesetzt ist, wird durch die thermische Isolation der Spritzlochscheibe vermieden, dass die dieser zugeführte Wärme in das Innere des Injektorkörpers abgeführt wird. Idealerweise nimmt die Spritzlochscheibe bzw. die Mehrlochdüse auf der der Abgasströmung zugewandten Seite die Abgastemperatur an.A further additional measure in the form of a thermal insulation between the spray perforated disk or the multi-hole nozzle and the injector body of the injector is that a thermal decoupling of the multi-hole nozzle or the spray perforated disk from the injector body of the fuel injector is made. While the valve tip is directly exposed to the hot exhaust gas flow in the region of the multi-hole nozzle or the spray perforated disk, the thermal insulation of the spray perforated disk avoids that the heat supplied to it being discharged into the interior of the injector body. Ideally, the spray perforated disk or the multi-hole nozzle assumes the exhaust gas temperature on the side facing the exhaust gas flow.
Zeichnungdrawing
Anhand der Zeichnung wird die Erfindung nachstehend eingehender beschrieben.With reference to the drawing, the invention will be described below in more detail.
Es zeigt:It shows:
Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung des Abgastraktes einer selbstzündenden Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit einer einem Oxidationskatalysator vor- geschalteten Eindosierungsstelle für zusätzlichen Kraftstoff in die Abgasströmung,
Figur 2 eine erste Ausführungsvariante eines abgasströmungsseitigen Endes eines zusätzlichen Kraftstoffinjektors,FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the exhaust gas tract of a self-igniting internal combustion engine with an injection site for additional fuel in the exhaust gas flow upstream of an oxidation catalytic converter; FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment variant of an exhaust-gas flow-side end of an additional fuel injector,
Figur 3 eine weitere Ausführungsvariante des der Abgasströmung zugewandten Endes des zusätzlichen Kraftstoff injektors undFigure 3 shows a further embodiment of the exhaust gas flow facing the end of the additional fuel injector and
Figur 4 eine Ausführungsvariante des zusätzlich Kraftstoff in die Abgasströmung einbringenden Kraftstoffinjektors mit thermischer Isolation.Figure 4 shows a variant of the additional fuel in the exhaust gas flow introducing fuel injector with thermal insulation.
Ausführungsvariantenvariants
Der Darstellung gemäß Figur 1 ist eine schematische Darstellung des Abgastraktes einer selbstzündenden Verbrennungskraftmaschine zu entnehmen, wobei in dem Abgastrakt ein Oxidaktionskatalysator aufgenommen ist, dem eine Eindosierungs- stelle für zusätzliches Abgas vorgeschaltet ist.The illustration according to FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the exhaust gas tract of a self-igniting internal combustion engine, wherein an oxidizing catalytic converter is accommodated in the exhaust gas tract, preceded by a metering point for additional exhaust gas.
Im Abgastrakt 10 der selbstzündenden Verbrennungskraftmaschine verläuft ein Abgasrohr 12, über welches das Abgas der selbstzündenden Verbrennungskraft- maschine einem Oxidationskatalysator 18 zuströmt. Das Abgasrohr 12 ist von einer Rohrwand 20 begrenzt. Eine Einströmseite des Abgasrohrs 12 ist mit Bezugszeichen 14 bezeichnet, eine Ausströmseite der Abgasströmung durch Bezugszeichen 16 identifiziert. Die Ausströmseite 16 des Abgasrohrs 12 stellt die Einströmseite eines Oxidationskatalysators 18 dar. Das Abgasrohr 12 ist symmetrisch zu seiner Symmetrieachse 22 aufgebaut.In the exhaust tract 10 of the self-igniting internal combustion engine extends an exhaust pipe 12, via which the exhaust gas of the self-igniting internal combustion engine flows to an oxidation catalyst 18. The exhaust pipe 12 is bounded by a pipe wall 20. An inflow side of the exhaust pipe 12 is denoted by reference numeral 14, and an outflow side of the exhaust gas flow is identified by reference numeral 16. The outflow side 16 of the exhaust pipe 12 represents the inflow side of an oxidation catalyst 18. The exhaust pipe 12 is constructed symmetrically to its symmetry axis 22.
In die Rohrwand 20 des Abgasrohrs 12 ist ein Einspritzventil 24 integriert. Das Einspritzventil 24 steht über eine Versorgungsleitung 25 zum Beispiel mit dem Kraftstofftank des Fahrzeugs mit selbstzündender Verbrennungskraftmaschine in Ver- bindung und wird über diesen mit Kraftstoff versorgt.In the pipe wall 20 of the exhaust pipe 12, an injection valve 24 is integrated. The injection valve 24 is connected via a supply line 25, for example, with the fuel tank of the vehicle with a self-igniting internal combustion engine in connection and is supplied via this with fuel.
Das Einspritzventil 24 umfasst einen Ventilkörper 26, der die Rohrwand 20 des Ab- gasrohres 12 durchdringend zum Teil in die Abgasströmung, die das Abgasrohr 12 durchströmt, hineinragt. Innerhalb des Ventilkörpers 26 befindet sich ein Ventilkol- ben 28, hier nur schematisch angedeutet, der in Richtung des in Figur 1 eingetragenen Doppelpfeils in vertikaler Richtung bewegbar ist. Der Ventilkolben 28 wirkt
mit einem im Ventilkörper 26 ausgebildeten Ventilsitz 30 zusammen. Unterhalb des Ventilsitzes 30 befindet sich im Ventilkörper 26 des Einspritzventils 24 ein durch Bezugszeichen 36 identifizierter Hohlraum, der neben dem Ventilsitz 30 durch eine Spritzlochscheibe 32 begrenzt ist.The injection valve 24 comprises a valve body 26 which penetrates the pipe wall 20 of the exhaust gas pipe 12 in a penetrating manner partly into the exhaust gas flow which flows through the exhaust gas pipe 12. Within the valve body 26 is a Ventilkol- ben 28, only indicated schematically here, which is movable in the direction of the double arrow in Figure 1 in the vertical direction. The valve piston 28 acts with a valve seat 26 formed in the valve seat 30 together. Below the valve seat 30 is located in the valve body 26 of the injection valve 24 identified by a reference numeral 36 cavity which is adjacent to the valve seat 30 bounded by a spray perforated disk 32.
Über die Spritzlochscheibe 32, in der eine Vielzahl kleinster Öffnungen zur Erzeugung eines feinverteilten Sprühnebels ausgeführt sind, wird zusätzlicher Kraftstoff, angedeutet durch Bezugszeichen 34, in die das Abgasrohr 12 possierende Abgasströmung eingeleitet. Je kleiner die Tröpfchenverteilung innerhalb des durch die Spritzlochscheibe 32 erzeugten Sprühnebels ist, eine desto bessere Vermischung des zusätzlichen Kraftstoffes mit der Abgasströmung und eine desto gleichmäßigere Verbrennung lässt sich im Oxidationskatalysator 18 erreichen.About the spray perforated disk 32, in which a plurality of smallest openings are designed to produce a finely divided spray, additional fuel, indicated by reference numeral 34, in which the exhaust pipe 12 possierende exhaust gas flow initiated. The smaller the droplet distribution within the spray generated by the spray disk 32, the better the mixing of the additional fuel with the exhaust gas flow and the more uniform combustion can be achieved in the oxidation catalyst 18.
Der Darstellung gemäß Figur 2 ist ein Schnitt durch das der Abgasströmung zuge- wandte Ende des Einspritzventils gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 1 zu entnehmen.The illustration according to FIG. 2 shows a section through the end of the injection valve facing the exhaust gas flow as shown in FIG.
Aus der Darstellung gemäß Figur 2 geht hervor, dass sich im Inneren des Ventilkörpers 26 des Einspritzventils 24 der in vertikale Berichtung bewegbare Ventilkolben 28 befindet, der mit dem ebenfalls innerhalb des Ventilkörpers 26 ausgebilde- ten Ventilsitz 30 zusammenarbeitet. Am Ventilsitz 30 ist eine Öffnung ausgebildet, die zum Beispiel kreisförmig ausgeführt sein kann, und durch die dem Ventilsitz 30 zuweisende Stirnseite des Ventilkolbens 28 verschließbar ist. Je nach Hubweg des Ventilkolbens 28 wird die Öffnung im Ventilsitz 30 vollständig oder teilweise freigegeben, so dass zusätzlicher Kraftstoff aus dem Inneren des Ventilkörpers 26 über den geöffneten Ventilsitz 30 dem Hohlraum 36 zuströmt.From the representation according to FIG. 2, it can be seen that inside the valve body 26 of the injection valve 24, the valve piston 28, which can be moved in vertical direction, is located, which cooperates with the valve seat 30 also formed within the valve body 26. At the valve seat 30, an opening is formed, which may be circular, for example, and by the valve seat 30 facing end face of the valve piston 28 is closed. Depending on the stroke of the valve piston 28, the opening in the valve seat 30 is fully or partially released, so that additional fuel flows from the interior of the valve body 26 via the open valve seat 30 to the cavity 36.
Der Ventilkörper 26 wird durch eine an Fügestellen 54 mit dem Ventilkörper 26 bevorzugt stoffschlüssig verbundene Spritzlochscheibe 32 begrenzt. Die Spritzlochscheibe 32 umfasst vorzugsweise eine Vielzahl von Einzelöffnungen 48. Die Fü- gesteilen 54 zwischen dem Ventilkörper 26 und der Spritzlochscheibe 32 können zum Beispiel als Schweißnähte ausgebildet sein; alternativ ist auch möglich, die Spritzlochscheibe 32 in den Ventilkörper 26 einzuschrauben oder den Ventilkörper 26 mit integrierter Spritzlochscheibe 32 als einstückiges Bauteil auszuführen.The valve body 26 is delimited by a spray-bonded disk 32, which is preferably adhesively connected to the valve body 26 at joints 54. The spray perforated disk 32 preferably comprises a multiplicity of individual openings 48. The joining parts 54 between the valve body 26 and the spray perforated disk 32 may, for example, be designed as welds; Alternatively, it is also possible to screw the spray perforated disk 32 into the valve body 26 or to carry out the valve body 26 with integrated spray perforated disk 32 as an integral component.
Aus der Darstellung gemäß Figur 2 geht hervor, dass an der Außenseite der Spritzlochscheibe 32, im Bezug auf die Darstellung gemäß Figur 1 an der der Abgas-
Strömung zugewandten Seite der Spritzlochscheibe 32, an dieser eine hier als Heizdraht 44 ausgebildete Heizeinrichtung zugeordnet ist. In der Darstellung gemäß Figur 2 ist eine Teilung, welche dem Abstand einzelner Heizdrähte 44 der Heizeinrichtung entspricht, durch Bezugszeichen 56 kenntlich gemacht. Der min- destens eine Heizdraht 44 der Heizeinrichtung verläuft bevorzugt so, dass der mindestens eine Heizdraht 44 sich über das Vollmaterial der Spritzlochscheibe 32 erstreckt und die in der Spritzlochscheibe 32 ausgebildeten Öffnungen 48 nicht überdeckt. Bei einer Aktivierung der Heizeinrichtung, gebildet durch die in Figur 2 dargestellten Heizdrähte 44, erfolgt eine Erwärmung der Spritzlochscheibe 32, so dass in den Einzelöffnungen 48 verbliebener Kraftstoff verdampft und sich an der Spritzlochscheibe 32 im Bereich der Einzelöffnungen 48 anlagernde Rußpartikel abgebrannt werden. Durch die in Figur 2 dargestellte erste Ausführungsvariante der Heizeinrichtung wird die Qualität des durch das Einspritzventil 24 erzeugten Sprühnebels aus zusätzlichem Kraftstoff dauerhaft gesichert, da die Geometrie der Ein- zelöffnungen 48 in der Spritzlochscheibe 32 nicht durch Kraftstoffanlagerungen bzw. durch die die Einzelöffnungen 48 verstopfende Rußpartikel beeinträchtigt wird. Die Dicke der Spritzlochscheibe 32 ist durch Bezugszeichen 46 gekennzeichnet. Der Hohlraum 36 im Einspritzventil 24 wird durch eine erste Stirnfläche 38 der Spritzlochscheibe 32, eine Innenwand 42 des Ventilkörpers 26 sowie den Ventilsitz 30 mit darin ausgebildeter Öffnung definiert. In der in Figur 2 dargestellten Ausführungsvariante befindet sich die Heizeinrichtung an einer zweiten Stirnfläche 40 der Spritzlochscheibe 32, d. h. an deren der Abgasströmung zugewandten Fläche.2 shows that, on the outside of the spray perforated disk 32, with respect to the representation according to FIG. Flow facing side of the spray perforated disk 32, to which a here designed as a heating wire 44 heating device is assigned. In the illustration according to FIG. 2, a graduation which corresponds to the spacing of individual heating wires 44 of the heating device is identified by reference numeral 56. The at least one heating wire 44 of the heating device preferably runs in such a way that the at least one heating wire 44 extends over the solid material of the spray perforated disk 32 and does not cover the openings 48 formed in the spray perforated disk 32. Upon activation of the heating device, formed by the heating wires 44 shown in FIG. 2, the spray perforated disk 32 is heated, so that fuel remaining in the individual openings 48 evaporates and soot particles accumulating on the spray perforated disk 32 in the region of the individual openings 48 are burned off. The first embodiment variant of the heating device shown in FIG. 2 permanently ensures the quality of the spray of additional fuel generated by the injection valve 24, since the geometry of the individual openings 48 in the spray perforated disk 32 is not due to fuel deposits or due to soot particles clogging the individual openings 48 is impaired. The thickness of the spray perforated disk 32 is indicated by reference numeral 46. The cavity 36 in the injection valve 24 is defined by a first end face 38 of the spray perforated disk 32, an inner wall 42 of the valve body 26, and the valve seat 30 with an opening formed therein. In the embodiment variant illustrated in FIG. 2, the heating device is located on a second end face 40 of the spray perforated disk 32, ie on its surface facing the exhaust gas flow.
Der Darstellung gemäß Figur 3 ist eine weitere Ausführungsvariante des abström- seitigen Endes eines zusätzlichen Kraftstoff in die Abgasströmung eindosierenden Einspritzventils zu entnehmen.The illustration according to FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the downstream end of an additional fuel in the injection flow metering injector.
Im Unterschied zur in Figur 2 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsvariante des Einspritzventils 24 befindet sich die Heizeinrichtung, mindestens einen Heizdraht 44 umfassend, an der Innenseite der Spritzlochscheibe 32, hier an der ersten Stirnfläche 38 innerhalb des Hohlraumes 36 im Ventilkörper 26. Gemäß der in Figur 3 dargestellten Ausführungsvariante der Heizeinrichtung des Einspritzventils 24 verläuft der mindestens eine Heizdraht 44 an der ersten Stirnfläche 38 der Spritzlochscheibe 32 in einer Teilung 56. In der in Figur 3 dargestellten Ausführungsvariante einer innen liegend, d. h. im Hohlraum 36 des Ventilkörpers 26 angeordneten Heizeinrichtung, mindestens einen Heizdraht 44 umfassend, wird erreicht, dass die
Heizeinrichtung an sich nicht durch Rußpartikel, die in der Abgasströmung der selbstzündenden Verbrennungskraftmaschine enthalten sind, kontaminiert wird. Durch die Teilung 56, in welcher der mindestens eine Heizdraht zum Beispiel mä- anderförmig die erste Stirnfläche 38 der Spritzlochscheibe 32 überdeckt, besteht ein freier Zuströmquerschnitt zu den in der Spritzlochscheibe 32 ausgebildeten Einzelöffnungen 48.In contrast to the first embodiment of the injection valve 24 shown in Figure 2, the heater is at least one heating wire 44 comprising, on the inside of the spray perforated disk 32, here on the first end face 38 within the cavity 36 in the valve body 26. According to the illustrated in Figure 3 In the variant embodiment of the heating device of the injection valve 24, the at least one heating wire 44 extends at the first end face 38 of the spray perforated disk 32 in a graduation 56. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, at least one heating wire 44 is located inside, ie in the cavity 36 of the valve body 26 comprehensive, it is achieved that the Heater itself is not contaminated by soot particles contained in the exhaust gas flow of the self-igniting internal combustion engine. As a result of the division 56, in which the at least one heating wire, for example, covers the first end face 38 of the spray perforated disk 32, there is a free inflow cross section to the individual openings 48 formed in the spray perforated disk 32.
Bei einer Bestromung des mindestens einen Heizdrahtes 44 der Heizeinrichtung an der Spritzlochscheibe 32 auf eine Temperatur Tmax von etwa 600 0C erfolgt ein Verdampfen in den Einzelöffnungen 48 verbliebenen Kraftstoffes sowie eine Verbrennung von in den Einzelöffnungen 48 der Spritzlochscheibe 32 befindlichen Partikeln, so zum Beispiel Rußpartikeln. Dadurch bleibt der Querschnitt, durch welchen der zusätzliche Kraftstoff in die Abgasströmung eingespritzt wird, erhalten. Ferner bleibt die Spritzlochgeometrie über die Betriebszeit des Einspritzventils 24 unverändert, so dass keine Beeinträchtigung des Bereiches erfolgt, in welchem der Sprühnebel in die Abgasströmung eingetragen wird.When the at least one heating wire 44 of the heating device at the spray perforated disk 32 is energized to a temperature T max of approximately 600 ° C., evaporation takes place in the individual openings 48 remaining fuel and combustion of particles located in the individual openings 48 of the spray perforated disk 32, for example soot particles. As a result, the cross section through which the additional fuel is injected into the exhaust gas flow is maintained. Furthermore, the spray hole geometry remains unchanged over the operating time of the injection valve 24, so that there is no impairment of the area in which the spray is introduced into the exhaust gas flow.
Auch in der in Figur 3 dargestellten zweiten Ausführungsvariante des Einspritzventils 24 gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 1 ist im Inneren des Ventilkörpers 26 der Ventilsitz 30 ausgebildet, dessen Öffnung durch den Ventilkolben 28 entsprechend dessen Vertikalhubs entweder vollständig freigegeben, voll verschlossen oder auch teilweise geöffnet werden kann. Die Spritzlochscheibe 32 gemäß der in Figur 3 dargestellten zweiten Ausführungsvariante des Einspritzventils 24 kann mit dem Ventilkörper 26 an den Fügestellen 54 sowohl stoffschlüssig gefügt als auch kraft- schlüssig in diesen eingelassen, so zum Beispiel eingeschrumpft sein.Also in the second embodiment of the injection valve 24 shown in Figure 3 as shown in Figure 1, the valve seat 30 is formed in the interior of the valve body 26, the opening of which can be fully released by the valve piston 28 according to the vertical stroke, fully closed or partially opened , The spray perforated disk 32 according to the second embodiment variant of the injection valve 24 shown in FIG. 3 can be joined to the valve body 26 at the joints 54 both in a material-locking manner and in a force-fit manner, for example shrunk.
Der Darstellung gemäß Figur 4 ist eine weitere Ausführungsvariante des in Figur 1 nur in schematischer Darstellung gezeigten Einspritzventils 24 zu entnehmen.The illustration according to FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment variant of the injection valve 24 shown only in a schematic illustration in FIG.
Aus der Darstellung gemäß Figur 4 geht hervor, dass in den Hohlraum 36 zwischen dem Ventilsitz 30 und der Spritzlochscheibe 32 eine thermische Isolation 50 eingelassen ist. Die thermische Isolation 50 trennt die am abgasströmungsseitigen Ende angeordnete Spritzlochscheibe 32 vom Inneren des Ventilkörpers 26. Die thermische Isolation 50 umfasst einzelne Öffnungen 52, die in einer Teilung 58 ausgebil- det sind, so dass die Öffnungen 52 der thermischen Isolation 50 mit den Einzelöffnungen 48 der Spritzlochscheibe 32 fluchten. Damit ist eine unbehinderte Zuströ-
mung des im Ventilkörper 26 bevorrateten zusätzlichen Kraftstoffes bei geöffnetem Ventilsitz 30 zur Spritzlochscheibe 32 möglich. In der Ausführungsvariante gemäß Figur 4 ist die Heizeinrichtung, die durch den mindestens einen Heizdraht 44 gebildet ist, entfallen.From the illustration according to FIG. 4, it can be seen that a thermal insulation 50 is embedded in the cavity 36 between the valve seat 30 and the spray perforated disk 32. The thermal insulation 50 separates the spray hole disk 32 arranged at the exhaust gas flow-side end from the interior of the valve body 26. The thermal insulation 50 comprises individual openings 52 which are formed in a partition 58, such that the openings 52 of the thermal insulation 50 with the individual openings 48 the spray hole disk 32 are aligned. This is an unobstructed inflow tion of the additional fuel stored in the valve body 26 when the valve seat 30 is open to the spray perforated disk 32. In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the heating device, which is formed by the at least one heating wire 44, is omitted.
Die in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellten Ausführungsvarianten der Heizeinrichtung, die durch den mindestens einen Heizdraht 44 dargestellt wird, können in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen bestromt werden, so dass die Temperatur an der Spritzlochscheibe 32 in direkter Nähe der Einzelöffnungen 48 auf ein Temperaturniveau von oberhalb 600 0C ansteigt. Bei dieser Temperatur verdampfen in den Einzelöffnungen 48 die austretende Kraftstoffströmung behindernde Kraftstoffreste. Ferner verbrennen Rußpartikel, die sich in den Strömungsquerschnitten der Einzelöffnungen 48 angelagert haben, bei diesem Temperaturniveau. Ist die Heizeinrichtung aus dem mindestens einen Heizdraht 44 an der ersten Stirnfläche 38 gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 3 oder an der zweiten Stirnfläche 40 gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 2 angeordnet, so kann, obwohl in den Figuren 2 und 3 nicht dargestellt, im Hohlraum 36 des Ventilkörpers 26 eine thermische Isolation 50 aufgenommen sein, wie im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 4 dargestellt.The embodiment variants of the heating device illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, which are represented by the at least one heating wire 44, can be energized at regular intervals so that the temperature at the spray perforated disk 32 in the direct vicinity of the individual openings 48 is at a temperature level of above 600 ° C increases. At this temperature, the outflowing fuel flow obstructing fuel residues evaporates in the individual openings 48. Furthermore, soot particles that have accumulated in the flow cross sections of the individual openings 48 burn at this temperature level. If the heating device is arranged from the at least one heating wire 44 on the first end face 38 as shown in FIG. 3 or on the second end face 40 as shown in FIG. 2, then, although not shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the cavity 36 of the valve body 26, a thermal insulation 50 be added, as shown in the embodiment of Figure 4.
Neben einer gleichmäßigen Temperierung der Spritzlochscheibe 32 durch eine konstante Bestromung der Heizeinrichtung, mindestens einen Heizdraht 44 umfassend, besteht die Möglichkeit, die Temperatur der Spritzlochscheibe 32 kurzfristig nach der Eindosierung von Kraftstoff zur Partikelfilterregeneration anzuheben, so zum Beispiel auf ein Temperaturniveau von etwa 400 0C, um in den Einzelöffnun- gen 48 anhaftende Kraftstoffreste schnell zu verdampfen. Daneben ist auch eine längerfristig andauernde Temperaturerhöhung denkbar, um der diffusen Anlagerung von Rußpartikeln durch Thermophorese entgegenzuwirken und diese im Idealfall vollständig auszuschließen.In addition to a uniform temperature of the spray perforated disk 32 by a constant energization of the heater, comprising at least one heating wire 44, it is possible to raise the temperature of the spray perforated disk 32 in the short term after the metering of fuel to the particle filter regeneration, so for example to a temperature level of about 400 0 C. in order to quickly evaporate residual fuel adhering in the individual openings 48. In addition, a prolonged increase in temperature is conceivable in order to counteract the diffuse accumulation of soot particles by means of thermophoresis and, in the ideal case, to completely exclude them.
Bei dem in Figur 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel kann zur Erhöhung der Temperatur der Spritzlochscheibe 32 auf eine Heizeinrichtung, mindestens einen Heizdraht 44 umfassend, vollständig verzichtet werden, wenn die Temperaturerhöhung der Spritzlochscheibe 32 durch die Abgasströmung, die das Abgasrohr 12 passiert, herbeigeführt wird. In diesem Falle ist das Innere des Ventilkörpers 26 des Ein- spritzventils 24 von der Spritzlochscheibe 32 durch die thermische Isolation 50 entkoppelt. Bevorzugt wird die thermische Isolation 50 im Hohlraum 36 im Ventilkörper
26 eingebracht, der durch den Ventilsitz 30 einerseits und die Spritzlochscheibe 32 andererseits begrenzt ist. Da die Spritzlochscheibe 32 der heißen Abgasströmung ausgesetzt ist und sich demzufolge sehr stark erwärmt, wird über die im Hohlraum 36 angeordnete thermische Isolation 50 erreicht, dass das Temperaturniveau der Spritzlochscheibe 32 nicht auf den Ventilkörper 26 des Einspritzventils 24 wirkt. Ferner wird durch die thermische Isolation 50 erreicht, dass die Heizwirkung der Abgasströmung auf die Spritzlochscheibe 32 begrenzt bleibt und diese nach einer entsprechenden Aufheizzeit auch wirklich die Temperatur der Abgasströmung annimmt. In einer zeichnerisch nicht dargestellten Ausführungsvariante lässt sich die thermische Isolation 50 auch auf der der Abgasströmung zugewandten Seite der Spritzlochscheibe 32 aufbringen. In diesem Falle kann die thermische Isolation 50 durch eine Beschichtung mit einer keramischen Wärmedünnschicht dargestellt werden, wobei sicherzustellen ist, dass diese die Abgasströmung innerhalb des Abgasrohres 12 möglichst wenig beeinflusst. Die thermische Isolation 50 in Gestalt einer Beschichtung mit keramischer Wärmedünnschicht wird so auf die Spritzlochscheibe 32 aufgebracht, dass die in dieser ausgebildeten Einspritzöffnungen 48 nicht von der keramischen Wärmedünnschicht überdeckt sind.
In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, to increase the temperature of the spray perforated disk 32 to include a heating device comprising at least one heating wire 44, the temperature increase of the spray perforated disk 32 is brought about by the flow of exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe 12. In this case, the interior of the valve body 26 of the injection valve 24 is decoupled from the spray perforated disk 32 by the thermal insulation 50. Preferably, the thermal insulation 50 in the cavity 36 in the valve body 26 introduced, which is bounded by the valve seat 30 on the one hand and the spray hole disk 32 on the other. Since the spray perforated disk 32 is exposed to the hot exhaust gas flow and therefore heats up very strongly, it is achieved via the thermal insulation 50 arranged in the cavity 36 that the temperature level of the spray perforated disk 32 does not act on the valve body 26 of the injection valve 24. Furthermore, it is achieved by the thermal insulation 50 that the heating effect of the exhaust gas flow is limited to the spray perforated disk 32 and this really takes the temperature of the exhaust gas flow after a corresponding heating time. In a variant of the drawing which is not shown in the drawing, the thermal insulation 50 can also be applied to the side of the spray perforated disk 32 facing the exhaust gas flow. In this case, the thermal insulation 50 can be represented by a coating with a ceramic thermal thin layer, wherein it must be ensured that this influences the exhaust gas flow within the exhaust pipe 12 as little as possible. The thermal insulation 50 in the form of a coating with a ceramic thermal thin layer is applied to the spray perforated disk 32 in such a way that the injection openings 48 formed therein are not covered by the ceramic thermal thin layer.
Claims
1. Verfahren zur katalytischen Verbrennung von in einem Abgastrakt einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine mittels eines Einspritzventils (24) eindosierten Kraftstoffs (34) unter Einsatz eines Oxidationskatalysators (18) mit nachfol- genden Verfahrensschritten:1. A method for the catalytic combustion of metered in an exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine by means of an injection valve (24) fuel (34) using an oxidation catalyst (18) with the following process steps:
a) der eindosierte Kraftstoff (34) wird über das Einspritzventil (24) in einer Abgasströmung zerstäubt,a) the metered fuel (34) is atomized via the injection valve (24) in an exhaust gas flow,
bi) mittels einer Heizeinrichtung (44) wird ein der Abgasströmung in einem Ab- gasrohr (12) zuweisendes Ende (32) des Einspritzventils (24) kontinuierlich oder periodisch beheizt,bi) by means of a heating device (44), an end (32) of the injection valve (24) which assigns the exhaust gas flow in an exhaust gas pipe (12) is heated continuously or periodically,
oderor
b2) ein vom Einspritzventil (24) thermisch entkoppeltes Ende (32) des Einspritzventils (24) wird von der Abgasströmung unmittelbar erwärmt.b 2 ) a thermally decoupled from the injection valve (24) end (32) of the injection valve (24) is directly heated by the exhaust gas flow.
2. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass gemäß Verfah- rensschritt a) die Zerstäubung des eindosierten Kraftstoffs (34) über eine an der Abgasströmung zuweisenden Ende des Einspritzventils (24) aufgenommene Spritzlochscheibe (32) erfolgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that according to procedural step a) the atomization of the metered-in fuel (34) via a zuführenden to the exhaust gas flow end of the injection valve (24) recorded spray perforated disk (32).
3. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass gemäß Verfah- rensschritt bi) das der Abgasströmung zuweisende Ende (32) des Einspritzventils (24) in regelmäßigen Intervallen auf ein Temperaturniveau von etwa 600 0C oder nach der Eindosierung von zusätzlichem Kraftstoff (34) auf ein Temperaturniveau von etwa 400 0C beheizt wird. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that according to procedural step bi) the exhaust gas flow assigning end (32) of the injection valve (24) at regular intervals to a temperature level of about 600 0 C or after the addition of additional fuel (34 ) is heated to a temperature level of about 400 0 C.
4. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass gemäß Verfahrensschritt b2) die thermische Entkopplung des Endes (32) des Einspritzventils (24) durch eine thermische Isolation (50) erfolgt.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that according to method step b 2 ), the thermal decoupling of the end (32) of the injection valve (24) by a thermal insulation (50).
5. Vorrichtung zur katalytischen Verbrennung von in einen Abgastrakt (10) einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine mittels eines Einspritzventils (24) eindosierten Kraftstoffs (34), wobei an dem der Abgasströmung zugewandten Ende des Einspritzventils (24) eine Spritzlochscheibe (32) mit einer Anzahl von Einzelöffnungen (48) angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Spritzloch- scheibe (32) eine mindestens einen Heizdraht (44) umfassende Heizeinrichtung zugeordnet ist oder die Spritzlochscheibe (32) durch eine thermische Isolation (50) vom Ventilkörper (26) des Einspritzventils (24) thermisch entkoppelt ist.5. Device for the catalytic combustion of fuel injected into an exhaust gas tract (10) of an internal combustion engine by means of an injection valve (24), wherein a spray perforated disc (32) having a number of individual openings (32) is provided at the end of the injection valve (24) facing the exhaust gas flow. 48), characterized in that the spray perforated disc (32) is associated with a heater comprising at least one heating wire (44) or the spray perforated disk (32) by thermal insulation (50) from the valve body (26) of the injection valve (24). thermally decoupled.
6. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Heizdraht (44) an einer der Stirnflächen (38, 40) der Spritzlochscheibe6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one heating wire (44) on one of the end faces (38, 40) of the spray perforated disk
(32) verläuft.(32) runs.
7. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Heizdraht (44) innerhalb eines Hohlraums (36) des Einspritzventils (24) aufgenommen und thermisch gegen den Ventilkörper (26) des Einspritzventils7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one heating wire (44) received within a cavity (36) of the injection valve (24) and thermally against the valve body (26) of the injection valve
(24) isoliert ist.(24) is isolated.
8. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Heizdraht (44) mäanderförmig auf einer der Stirnflächen (38, 40) der Spritzlochscheibe (32) verläuft.8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one heating wire (44) meandering on one of the end faces (38, 40) of the spray perforated plate (32).
9. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die thermische Isolation (50) in einem Hohlraum (36) oberhalb der Spritzlochscheibe (32) im Ventilkörper (26) angeordnet ist.9. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the thermal insulation (50) in a cavity (36) above the spray perforated disk (32) in the valve body (26) is arranged.
10. Vorrichtung gemäß der Ansprüche 6 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass einzelne Windungen des mindestens einen Heizdrahtes (44) in einer den Kraftstoffdurchtritt durch Einzelöffnungen (48) der Spritzlochscheibe (32) ermöglichenden Teilung (56) verlaufen oder Öffnungen (52) der thermischen Isolation (50) zu Einzelöffnungen (48) der Spritzlochscheibe (32) fluchten. 10. The device according to claims 6 or 9, characterized in that individual turns of at least one heating wire (44) in a fuel passage through individual openings (48) of the spray perforated plate (32) enabling division (56) extend or openings (52) of the thermal Isolation (50) to individual openings (48) of the spray perforated disk (32) are aligned.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07727689A EP2029866B1 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-04-03 | Method and device for cleaning valves |
DE502007004731T DE502007004731D1 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-04-03 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CLEANING VALVES |
US12/301,678 US20090282814A1 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-04-03 | Method and device for cleaning valves |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006025332A DE102006025332A1 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | Method and device for cleaning valves |
DE102006025332.9 | 2006-05-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007137897A1 true WO2007137897A1 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
Family
ID=38134180
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/053218 WO2007137897A1 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-04-03 | Method and device for cleaning valves |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090282814A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2029866B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102006025332A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007137897A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009020541A1 (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2009-02-12 | Caterpillar Inc. | Reducing agent injector having purge heater |
GB2459812B (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2012-01-04 | Caterpillar Inc | Fluid injector |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7958721B2 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2011-06-14 | Caterpillar Inc. | Regeneration system having integral purge and ignition device |
DE102010029298A1 (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve arrangement for metering a fluid medium in an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine |
DE102016211826A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-04 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Dosing device for dosing a reducing agent liquid and method for operating a dosing device |
US11319853B2 (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-05-03 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc | Automotive exhaust aftertreatment system with doser |
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DE19625447A1 (en) * | 1996-06-26 | 1998-01-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Pipe evaporator for additional fuel into the exhaust gas |
DE19855385A1 (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2000-06-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine |
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-
2006
- 2006-05-31 DE DE102006025332A patent/DE102006025332A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-04-03 EP EP07727689A patent/EP2029866B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-04-03 DE DE502007004731T patent/DE502007004731D1/en active Active
- 2007-04-03 WO PCT/EP2007/053218 patent/WO2007137897A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-04-03 US US12/301,678 patent/US20090282814A1/en not_active Abandoned
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DE19625447A1 (en) * | 1996-06-26 | 1998-01-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Pipe evaporator for additional fuel into the exhaust gas |
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GB2459812B (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2012-01-04 | Caterpillar Inc | Fluid injector |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102006025332A1 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
US20090282814A1 (en) | 2009-11-19 |
EP2029866A1 (en) | 2009-03-04 |
EP2029866B1 (en) | 2010-08-11 |
DE502007004731D1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
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