WO2007128018A2 - Système de piles à combustible - Google Patents

Système de piles à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007128018A2
WO2007128018A2 PCT/AT2007/000209 AT2007000209W WO2007128018A2 WO 2007128018 A2 WO2007128018 A2 WO 2007128018A2 AT 2007000209 W AT2007000209 W AT 2007000209W WO 2007128018 A2 WO2007128018 A2 WO 2007128018A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cathode
fuel cell
anode
liquid water
gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2007/000209
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007128018A3 (fr
Inventor
Volker Peinecke
Klaus Meitz
Peter Prenninger
Original Assignee
Avl List Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT0080006A external-priority patent/AT501963B1/de
Priority claimed from AT0080106A external-priority patent/AT502009B1/de
Application filed by Avl List Gmbh filed Critical Avl List Gmbh
Priority to DE112007001085T priority Critical patent/DE112007001085A5/de
Publication of WO2007128018A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007128018A2/fr
Publication of WO2007128018A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007128018A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04126—Humidifying
    • H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04761—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell exhausts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
    • H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
    • H01M8/04843—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell exhausts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel cell system with at least one low-temperature fuel cell, with a cathode-side supply line for an O 2 -phasel- tiges gas, preferably air, a discharge line for the cathode exhaust gas, an anode-side supply line for a H 2 - digitiziges fuel gas, a discharge line for the Anode exhaust, and a cathode-side Rezirkulationseinrich- device for the partial return of the cathode exhaust gas in the cathode circuit of the fuel cell. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell system with at least one low-temperature fuel cell.
  • EP 0 654 182 B1 discloses a fuel cell, in particular a PEM fuel cell, and a method for humidifying the electrolyte of the fuel cell.
  • the fuel cell has both a cathode-side recirculation line and an anode-side recirculation line, in each of which gas compressors are arranged.
  • a portion of the discharged from the cathode of the PEM fuel cell amount of water and heat can be returned to the cathode.
  • an adjusting member of the recirculated portion of the exhaust gas is adjustable. The adjustment is made depending on the power output of the fuel cell.
  • EP 1 356 533 B1 describes fuel cells with integrated humidification and a method for humidifying fuel cell process gas.
  • a first humidification unit for the supplied air and a second humidification unit for the fuel gas will be described in connection with a PEM fuel cell.
  • Both humidification units have a heat exchanger and a condensate separator.
  • the separated water can the anode or cathode circuit via in each case in supplied to the supply lines for the fuel gas and arranged for the air Venturi nozzles.
  • the exhaust gas of the fuel cell is not recirculated here, but only supplied to the respective heat exchangers, to recycle the waste heat in the system.
  • WO 03/15204 A1 From WO 03/15204 A1 (MOTOROLA) it is further known to obtain water on the cathode side of a fuel cell and to supply it to the anode side.
  • a power generation system which comprises a fuel cell of conventional construction.
  • the major part of the application deals with a pressure swing adsorption system (PSA), which serves for oxygen enrichment in the cathode-side gas supply of the fuel cell.
  • PSA pressure swing adsorption system
  • FIG. 9 such a power generation system is schematically illustrated, which has a PSA system for supplying the fuel cell with a gas whose oxygen content is enriched.
  • the supply of the O 2 enriched gas via a line in the cathode channel, wherein a portion of the cathode exhaust gas discharged via the outlet and another part is returned via a return line in the cathode circuit.
  • a condensate separator is arranged, in which excess water is separated from the cathode exhaust gas.
  • the wet, recompressed cathode gas is mixed with the O 2 -enriched gas of the PSA system and fed to the cathode inlet.
  • the object of the invention is to produce a fuel cell system of the type described above with a cathode-side recirculation device for the partial return of the cathode exhaust gas simply and inexpensively, or to propose a method for operating such a fuel cell system, which can be reacted quickly to load changes, with simple system technology Even with small loads, a high gas flow is ensured and should be provided under all load conditions for adequate humidification of the fuel cell system.
  • a further object of the invention is to produce a fuel cell system of the type described in the introduction, in particular a system with PEM fuel cells, with cathode-side and anode-side exhaust gas recirculation simply and cost-effectively, or to propose a method for operating such a fuel cell system, in which corrosion-promoting operating conditions are avoided and ways to eliminate the accumulating in the fuel cell condensate (liquid water) are given.
  • the first object of the invention in a fuel cell system in which the cathode-side recirculation means comprises a separator for separating the cathode exhaust gas into a liquid-water-free gas phase and liquid water, is inventively achieved in that both components, the gas phase and the liquid water, separated and independently controlled in the Returned cathode cycle, possibly additionally a portion of the liquid water can be returned to the anode circuit.
  • a device for carrying out this method is characterized in that at least one separately controllable recirculation line is provided both for the liquid-water-free gas phase and for the liquid water.
  • the liquid-water-free gas phase of the cathode exhaust gas contains water vapor, wherein the concentration is limited by the saturation temperature in the separator upwards.
  • the device according to the invention or the method according to the invention allow a completely independent gas and water management on the cathode side, with all advantages to react quickly to changing operating states of the system.
  • a separator Directly at the cathode-side outlet from the stack, a separator, or a liquid water separator is installed.
  • liquid water can be separated, temporarily censored and added back to the circulation.
  • the pump in the liquid water recirculation can be designed exclusively for conveying water.
  • a fan for the gas recirculation can be used, which only has to deliver gases and no liquid water.
  • the recirculated gas is admixed, for example, in front of the stack inlet in a mixing section in the cathode-side supply line.
  • the recirculation line for the liquid water can consist of two separately controllable branches, wherein the first branch serves for the cathode-side and the second branch for the anode-side water return.
  • the first branch serves for the cathode-side and the second branch for the anode-side water return.
  • a portion of the deposited cathode water can be supplied to the fuel gas.
  • a heat exchanger / evaporator can then also be present (possibly after a mixing section).
  • controllable compressors, blowers, pumps and / or throttle valves are arranged for regulating the flow rate in the recirculation lines for the gas phase and the liquid water depending on the operating parameters of the fuel cell system.
  • the blower is primarily activated to advance the gas phase to increase the flow and pressure differential across the fuel cell stack; This automatically increases the humidity of the air entering the stack.
  • the total amount of fresh gas to be supplied to the system fresh air from outside
  • the minimum value of the return rate of the gas can be determined by a humidity measurement (humidity request) or by a flow measurement (flow request).
  • the liquid water return is mainly determined by the humidity requirement at high load.
  • the necessary heat of vaporization can passively be taken from the cooling system (heat exchanger: gas with liquid water vs. cooling liquid), or by cooling (due to evaporation) of the compressed fresh air in or after the compressor.
  • liquid water from the separator can be used to humidify the fresh fuel gas. Separate humidifiers on the anode side can be omitted.
  • the liquid water return is mainly determined by the humidity requirement at high load.
  • the necessary heat of evaporation can passively be taken from the cooling system (heat exchanger: gas with liquid water vs. cooling liquid).
  • the second object of the invention in a fuel cell system with a cathode-side recirculation line for the partial return of the cathode exhaust gas into the cathode circuit of the fuel cell and an anode-side recirculation line for the partial return of the anode exhaust gas in the anode circuit of the fuel cell is inventively achieved in that in the cathode-side and the anode-side recirculation line respectively a liquid water separator which can be activated or deactivated as a function of the operating parameters of the fuel cell system is arranged, so that in each case a liquid-free gas phase is present in the cathode-side and the anode-side recirculation line downstream of the activated liquid water separator.
  • An essential feature of this variant of the invention thus consists in that the liquid water separators arranged in the cathode-side and the anode-side recirculation line can be activated or deactivated independently of one another as a function of the operating parameters of the fuel cell system.
  • the recycled into the fuel cell amount of water targeted by activating the liquid water separator (no liquid Water in the recirculated gas stream) or deactivation of the liquid water separator (liquid water in the recirculated gas stream) are regulated, and it is also possible to temporarily recycle only the liquid-water-free gas phases, for example, to discharge condensate from the fuel cell.
  • controllable recirculators for example compressors, blower pumps or compressors, are arranged to regulate the flow rate in the recirculation lines for the cathode exhaust gas and the anode exhaust gas depending on the operating parameters of the fuel cell system, these being preferably arranged downstream of the liquid water separator in the recirculation lines ,
  • the blower or the compressor can be arranged in the direction of flow before the liquid water separator in the recirculation lines, as by the liquid water contained better internal sealing of the blower or the compressor and its efficiency can be increased ,
  • another liquid water separator may be arranged to recover the remaining water from the cathode exhaust gas and provide the water management of the fuel cell system.
  • a method for operating a fuel cell system with at least one low-temperature fuel cell, which is supplied with an O 2 -containing gas, preferably air, on the cathode side and an H 2 -containing fuel gas on the anode side is characterized in that in the recirculated cathode exhaust gas and / or in the recirculated anode exhaust gas depending on the operating parameters of the fuel cell system, a liquid water separator is activated or deactivated and the liquid water-free or liquid water having gas phases in the cathode circuit and the anode be recycled.
  • recirculation with or without liquid water also serves for optimum humidification.
  • the dew points in the recirculated cathode exhaust gas and in the recirculated anode exhaust gas during the deposition of the liquid water depending on the operating parameters of the fuel cell system can be preferably varied independently. It is also possible to activate the liquid water separator on the cathode side and to deactivate the anode side or vice versa.
  • the cathode-side and anode-side recirculated gas quantities are regulated as a function of the operating parameters of the fuel cell system.
  • the recirculators (compressors, blowers or pumps) in the two recirculation lines are always in operation when the fuel cell stack is supplied with reactants or still contains reactants, i. if there is still voltage at the stack, when working with load (current flowing), when operating without load ("idling", no current is flowing), during and after the shutdown and after the startup of the stack ,
  • Both gas flow rates (flows) in the recirculation can be controlled for each operating condition so that in each case at least the greater value of the following two flow rates is set:
  • the device according to the invention permits a substantially independent gas and water management, with all advantages to react rapidly to changing operating states of the system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a fuel cell system according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 show a second, third and fourth variant embodiment of the system according to the invention according to FIG. 1; such as
  • the fuel cell 2 has a cathode-side supply line 5 for an O 2 - digitizi- ges gas (for example, air), and a discharge line 6 for the cathode exhaust gas. Furthermore, an anode-side supply line 7 is provided for an H 2 -containing fuel gas and a discharge line 8 for the anode exhaust gas. All variants of the invention have in common that the recirculation device 3, a separator 9 for separating the cathode exhaust gas into a liquid-water-free gas phase and liquid water in the invention wherein at least one separately controllable recirculation line 10, 11 is provided for each of the two components.
  • the recirculation line 10 for the liquid water consists of two separately controllable branches 10a, 10k, the first branch 10k serving for the cathode-side water return and the second branch 10a for the anode-side water return.
  • the amount of water provided by the separator 9 can thus be divided depending on the operating state of the fuel cell system and partially supplied to the anode circuit and / or the cathode circuit.
  • the recirculation line 11 for the gas phase downstream of a controllable throttle valve 21 and upstream of the compressor 16 opens into the cathode-side supply line.
  • the fan 17 in the cathode-side recirculation device 3 can be dispensed with, whereby all partial flows (sucked fresh air or recirculated gas phase) of the cathode exhaust gas can be regulated independently of one another by the controllable throttle valves 19 and 21.
  • the first branch 10k of the recirculation line 10 for the liquid water upstream of the compressor 16 opens into the cathode-side supply line 5, whereby a water pump 18k in the recirculation line 10k can be dispensed with ,
  • the flow control for the liquid water then takes place through the throttle valve 20k. It is also possible that the liquid water is recycled directly into the compressor 16.
  • the recovered in the separator 9 on the output side of the cathode water can also be used for the humidification of the fuel gas.
  • a second branch 10a of the recirculation line 10 for the liquid water opens into the anode-side supply line 7, wherein optionally an evaporator 13 is arranged in the region of the junction of the recirculation line 10a.
  • the second branch 10a of the recirculation line 10 for the liquid water upstream of the blower 15 in the recirculation line 14 for the anode exhaust gas whereby a circulation pump in the return line 10a may be omitted if the anode side at a in the Compared to the cathode side is not operated at high pressure.
  • the flow rate is controlled by the throttle valve 20a in this embodiment. If the anode side of the fuel cell is operated at an average lower pressure level than the cathode side, due to the pressure gradient therewith, the liquid water originating from the cathode side can be fed in at any location of the anode circuit.
  • a compressor 16 for the fresh air, for the recirculation of the gas phase (cathode circuit) and for the recirculation of liquid water from the separator 9 into the cathode circuit,
  • the throttle valve 21 may also be omitted if the flow of fresh air is controlled directly on the power or speed of the compressor 16, and the flow of the recirculated Gäsphase, depending on the negative pressure upstream of the compressor 16, via the throttle 19.
  • the flow rate of the liquid water recirculation can also be regulated depending on the negative pressure upstream of the compressor 16 via the throttle valve 20k. At high recirculation rate, there is a feedback to the compressor output, because significantly more must be conveyed (fresh air and recirculated fluid).
  • Anode side of the fuel cell system can be very simple; Cathode-side operation with recirculation of the gas phase at sufficiently high gas flows prevents uneven distribution of the gases and thus prevents electrode corrosion;
  • the total amount of fresh gas to be supplied to the system can be kept low, ie the air stoichiometry is quite low both for large and small loads (eg 2.0-2.5). This saves compressor power; Cathode-side operation with recirculation of the gas phase allows improved humidification of the cathode gas at all loads and thus a reduction in membrane degradation, as well as an increase in membrane conductivity and cell performance; Cathode-side operation with recirculation of the liquid water allows improved humidification of the cathode gas primarily at high load; In some cases, an additional moistening unit can be completely dispensed with; anode-side operation with recirculation of the cathode liquid water enables improved humidification of the anode gas at all loads; in part, an additional moistening unit can be completely dispensed with on the anode side; very fast reaction or initiation of countermeasures upon reaching a critical state of the stack possible; Changing (increasing or decreasing) one of the two
  • the fuel cell system 1 shown in FIG. 5 is likewise equipped with at least one low-temperature fuel cell 2, wherein as a rule a plurality of such fuel cells are combined to form a so-called fuel cell stack.
  • the anode side is also marked here with A and the cathode side with K.
  • the system according to FIG. 5 can serve, for example, as a drive system for a vehicle not shown in further detail.
  • the cathode-side recirculation device 3 is used for the partial recycling of the cathode exhaust gas into the cathode circuit of the fuel cell 2, wherein, starting from the discharge line 6 for the cathode exhaust gas, a recirculation line 11 opening into the cathode-side supply line 5 is provided.
  • a recirculation line 11 opening into the cathode-side supply line 5 is provided.
  • To regulate the flow rate in the recirculation line 11 is a controllable from the operating parameters of the fuel cell system blower 17th
  • the recirculation device 4 is used for the partial recycling of the anode exhaust gas, which starting from the discharge line 8 for the anode exhaust gas recirculation line 14 opening into the anode-side supply line 7, wherein for regulating the flow rate of the operating parameters of the fuel cell system controllable fan 15 is provided in the recirculation line 14 ,
  • the fans 15, 17 downstream of the liquid water separator 30, 31 are arranged in the recirculation lines 11, 14, so that they can be designed essentially for the promotion of liquid-water-free gas phases.
  • the fuel gas is either made from a suitable fuel present in a container 22 by reforming (see reformer 23 with H 2 O and heat supply and aftertreatment device 24 for the reformate) or taken from an H 2 tank 25 and into the anode side Feed line 7 fed.
  • a suitable fuel present in a container 22 by reforming (see reformer 23 with H 2 O and heat supply and aftertreatment device 24 for the reformate) or taken from an H 2 tank 25 and into the anode side Feed line 7 fed.
  • air can be used as the O 2 -containing gas, which air is passed through a filter 26 to a compressor 16 and optionally to a heat exchanger 27 and fed into the cathode-side feed line 5.
  • the fuel cell stack 2 has a cooling circuit 34 through which a coolant flows.
  • liquid water can be used for the humidification of the reactants, as well as the recovered from the liquid water separator 32 in the discharge line 6 water.
  • the separated liquid water may also be supplied to the reformer 23 to produce the H 2 -containing fuel gas from a suitable fuel.
  • the supply of the fan 15, 17 with electrical energy can directly from the fuel cell stack 2 (when it is in operation), or from an energy storage 33 (battery, battery, etc., when the fuel cell stack 2 provides no energy) ,
  • the compressed fresh air can be sufficiently cooled by dilution or mixing with the recirculate.
  • the fresh air can be sufficiently cooled by dilution or mixing with recirculate and by evaporation of liquid water entrained in the recirculate
  • a liquid water separator which can be activated or deactivated as a function of the operating parameters of the fuel cell system is arranged in the cathode-side and the anode-side recirculation line, has the following advantages:
  • Operation with recirculation generally makes it possible to even out the conditions within the stack of the fuel cell system
  • liquid water can - without the usual blowing through with fresh gas - are separated by recirculation in liquid water separators (uniform water discharge);

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  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de piles à combustible (1) comprenant au moins une pile à combustible à basse température (2) présentant une conduite d'amenée côté cathode (5) destinée à acheminer un gaz contenant de l'oxygène (O2), de préférence de l'air, une conduite d'évacuation (6) destinée à évacuer le gaz d'échappement de cathode, une conduite d'amenée côté anode (7) destinée à acheminer un gaz combustible contenant de l'hydrogène (H2), une conduite d'évacuation (8) destinée à évacuer le gaz d'échappement d'anode, ainsi qu'un dispositif de recyclage côté cathode (3) servant à réacheminer partiellement le gaz d'échappement de cathode dans le circuit de cathode de la pile à combustible (2). Selon l'invention, pour améliorer le fonctionnement et les possibilités de régulation de ce système, le dispositif de recyclage côté cathode (3) présente un séparateur (9) servant à séparer le gaz d'échappement de cathode en une phase gazeuse exempte d'eau liquide et en eau liquide, au moins une conduite de recyclage régulable séparément (10, 11) étant utilisée pour chacun des deux composants. Un séparateur d'eau liquide (30, 31) pouvant être activé et désactivé en fonction des paramètres de fonctionnement du système de piles à combustible peut être par ailleurs disposé dans des conduites de recyclage côté cathode et côté anode (11, 14).
PCT/AT2007/000209 2006-05-09 2007-05-03 Système de piles à combustible WO2007128018A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112007001085T DE112007001085A5 (de) 2006-05-09 2007-05-03 Brennstoffzellensystem

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0080006A AT501963B1 (de) 2006-05-09 2006-05-09 Brennstoffzellensystem, sowie verfahren zum betrieb eines brennstoffzellensystems
ATA800/2006 2006-05-09
AT0080106A AT502009B1 (de) 2006-05-09 2006-05-09 Brennstoffzellensystem, sowie verfahren zum betrieb eines brennstoffzellensystems
ATA801/2006 2006-05-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007128018A2 true WO2007128018A2 (fr) 2007-11-15
WO2007128018A3 WO2007128018A3 (fr) 2008-01-10

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Cited By (6)

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DE102016118346A1 (de) 2016-09-28 2018-03-29 Audi Ag Kathodenversorgung für eine Brennstoffzelle
DE102018101437A1 (de) * 2018-01-23 2019-07-25 Proton Motor Fuel Cell Gmbh Ventilvorrichtung ausgebildet zur Führung von Luft und/oder Kühlflüssigkeit einer Brennstoffzellenanordnung, Brennstoffzellenanordnung und Brennstoffzellenantrieb mit einer solchen Ventilvorrichtung
WO2021190933A1 (fr) * 2020-03-27 2021-09-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ensemble palier pour arbre de transmission de turbocompresseur
AT525058A4 (de) * 2021-10-06 2022-12-15 Avl List Gmbh Erkennungsverfahren für ein Erkennen von flüssigem Wasser in einem Strömungsabschnitt in einem Brennstoffzellensystem
WO2023208714A1 (fr) * 2022-04-28 2023-11-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Système pile à combustible et procédé de séchage pour sécher des cellules élémentaires d'un système pile à combustible
EP4383379A1 (fr) * 2022-12-06 2024-06-12 Airbus Operations (S.A.S.) Procede et systeme d'humidification d'une alimentation en air d'une pile a combustible pour aeronef

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WO1999065090A2 (fr) * 1998-05-19 1999-12-16 International Fuel Cells Corporation Dispositif et procede de gestion d'eau dans le fonctionnement d'une pile a combustible
DE20210130U1 (de) * 2002-07-01 2004-03-04 Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg Gemeinnützige Stiftung Testanlage für Brennstoffzellen
WO2005064730A2 (fr) * 2003-12-24 2005-07-14 Ener1, Inc. Pile a combustible a commande de retroaction integree

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WO1999065090A2 (fr) * 1998-05-19 1999-12-16 International Fuel Cells Corporation Dispositif et procede de gestion d'eau dans le fonctionnement d'une pile a combustible
DE20210130U1 (de) * 2002-07-01 2004-03-04 Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg Gemeinnützige Stiftung Testanlage für Brennstoffzellen
WO2005064730A2 (fr) * 2003-12-24 2005-07-14 Ener1, Inc. Pile a combustible a commande de retroaction integree

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016118346A1 (de) 2016-09-28 2018-03-29 Audi Ag Kathodenversorgung für eine Brennstoffzelle
DE102018101437A1 (de) * 2018-01-23 2019-07-25 Proton Motor Fuel Cell Gmbh Ventilvorrichtung ausgebildet zur Führung von Luft und/oder Kühlflüssigkeit einer Brennstoffzellenanordnung, Brennstoffzellenanordnung und Brennstoffzellenantrieb mit einer solchen Ventilvorrichtung
WO2021190933A1 (fr) * 2020-03-27 2021-09-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ensemble palier pour arbre de transmission de turbocompresseur
AT525058A4 (de) * 2021-10-06 2022-12-15 Avl List Gmbh Erkennungsverfahren für ein Erkennen von flüssigem Wasser in einem Strömungsabschnitt in einem Brennstoffzellensystem
AT525058B1 (de) * 2021-10-06 2022-12-15 Avl List Gmbh Erkennungsverfahren für ein Erkennen von flüssigem Wasser in einem Strömungsabschnitt in einem Brennstoffzellensystem
WO2023208714A1 (fr) * 2022-04-28 2023-11-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Système pile à combustible et procédé de séchage pour sécher des cellules élémentaires d'un système pile à combustible
EP4383379A1 (fr) * 2022-12-06 2024-06-12 Airbus Operations (S.A.S.) Procede et systeme d'humidification d'une alimentation en air d'une pile a combustible pour aeronef

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WO2007128018A3 (fr) 2008-01-10

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