WO2007104234A1 - A device and method for adapting microwave frame - Google Patents

A device and method for adapting microwave frame Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007104234A1
WO2007104234A1 PCT/CN2007/000705 CN2007000705W WO2007104234A1 WO 2007104234 A1 WO2007104234 A1 WO 2007104234A1 CN 2007000705 W CN2007000705 W CN 2007000705W WO 2007104234 A1 WO2007104234 A1 WO 2007104234A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
microwave
positioning information
microwave frame
stm
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PCT/CN2007/000705
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Jun Feng
Feng Zhang
Tao Ding
Bin Lai
Jianbin Huang
Tianxiang Wang
Zhiyong Qiu
Yongjun Tu
Ming Zhou
Xianren Lao
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2007104234A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007104234A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/16—Time-division multiplex systems in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable, e.g. to accommodate varying complexity of signals, to vary number of channels transmitted
    • H04J3/1605—Fixed allocated frame structures
    • H04J3/1611—Synchronous digital hierarchy [SDH] or SONET
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J2203/00—Aspects of optical multiplex systems other than those covered by H04J14/05 and H04J14/07
    • H04J2203/0001—Provisions for broadband connections in integrated services digital network using frames of the Optical Transport Network [OTN] or using synchronous transfer mode [STM], e.g. SONET, SDH
    • H04J2203/0028—Local loop
    • H04J2203/003—Medium of transmission, e.g. fibre, cable, radio
    • H04J2203/0035—Radio

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to microwave communication technologies, and in particular, to a microwave frame adaptation apparatus and method. Background technique
  • the Multi-Service Transport Platform (MSTP) is very mature, but it needs to be used in many places due to land privatization and terrain and other restrictions.
  • Wireless transmission usually in the case of bandwidth requirements and transmission distances of more than 1 km, usually using microwave transmission.
  • microwave transmission usually in the case of bandwidth requirements and transmission distances of more than 1 km.
  • wave Transmission has a large application.
  • the existing point-to-point (PTP) microwaves are generally divided into synchronous transmission microwaves and asynchronous transmission microwaves according to the bandwidth.
  • Microwave since they inherit from the corresponding asynchronous and synchronous systems, they also inherit their shortcomings.
  • the Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy is a kind of multiplexing system. Because of its bit-interpolation multiplexing method, at each node, the PDH signal must be solved to the final stage to obtain the required client signal. Therefore, it is not convenient to go up and down the business. In terms of networking, you can only group simple peer-to-peer networking. PDH has poor monitoring and management capabilities.
  • Synchronous Digital Hierarchy As a transport network technology, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) has better monitoring capability, management capability, network survivability, and higher transmission capacity than PDH. It can arbitrarily up and down business signals. It is a very Reliable transport network technology.
  • SDH is mainly a technical system for transmitting voice services, with too many overhead bytes, and in the field of 4 chop transmission, it is required to transmit more services within a limited bandwidth. Simultaneous use of limited bands Widely transmit microwave frame overhead as much as possible, which facilitates flexible network management.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a microwave frame adaptation apparatus and method, which solves the problem that the upper and lower services cannot be flexibly transmitted using less overhead bytes in a limited bandwidth in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a microwave frame adaptation apparatus, and the apparatus includes:
  • a microwave frame acquiring unit configured to acquire a microwave frame that can carry low-order services without high-order pointers
  • ⁇ a wave frame adaptation unit, configured to adapt the microwave frame into an STM-N/STS-N frame structure ; as well as
  • the frame positioning information position reproducing unit is connected to the microwave frame adaptation unit for reproducing the position of the frame positioning information by a flag bit having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for adapting a microwave frame, where the method includes the following steps:
  • the position of the frame positioning information is reproduced in the frame structure by a flag bit having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
  • the TU microwave frame carrying the microwave service can be flexibly moved up and down in the SDH7SO ET network element.
  • PDH/SDH/SONET microwaves can be used A hardware platform that simultaneously implements access to multiple service types on the same platform, which satisfies
  • PDH microwave capacity has lower cost, and at the same time, it can ensure that when upgrading to SDH microwave, there is no need to replace equipment to protect user investment.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a microwave frame adaptation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a microwave frame adaptation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a frame positioning information position reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a microwave frame fitting method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a microwave frame structure capable of carrying low-order services without high-order pointers according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an STM-1 frame structure after a low-order traffic mapping in a transmission direction according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a frame structure in which a reception direction low-order traffic rate is adapted to STM-1 and STM-1 level or higher according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a diagram showing an asynchronous first in first out type memory in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave frame adaptation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the microwave frame adaptation apparatus includes: a microwave frame acquisition unit 102, a microwave frame adaptation unit 104, and a frame positioning information position regeneration unit 106.
  • the microwave frame acquiring unit 102 is configured to acquire a microwave frame that can carry a low-order service without a high-order pointer, and the acquiring process may extract the microwave frame from an SDH/SONET frame structure, but is not limited thereto. Alternatively, the microwave frame may be obtained from other places, such as a reconstructed microwave frame.
  • the microwave frame adaptation unit 104 is connected to the microwave frame acquisition unit 102, and is configured to adapt the microwave frame carrying the low-order service without the high-order pointer to the synchronous transmission module level N (STM-N, Synchronous Transport Module) Level-N)/Synchronous Transfer Signal Level-N (STS-N, Synchronous Transfer Signal Level -N) frame structure; and frame positioning information position regenerating unit 106, connected to the microwave frame adaptation unit 104, for passing through the frame Positioning information has a fixed position relationship of the flag bit reproduction frame positioning The location of the information. In the SDH/SONET frame structure, the position of the high-order pointer is fixed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave frame adaptation unit in a microwave frame adaptation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the £-wave frame adaptation unit includes: a data extraction sub-unit 104-2, configured to extract a payload and a microwave frame position indication information (H4) in the microwave frame; a first-in first-out memory 104-4, connected to the data extraction subunit 104-2, configured to store the payload of the microwave frame and the microwave frame position indication information (H4); the flag generation subunit 104-6, and the first in first out memory 104-4 Connected, when storing the payload of the microwave frame and the microwave frame position indication information to the first-in first-out type memory, marking a position having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information, generating a flag bit; and a microwave frame adaptation unit 104-8, connected to the flag bit generating sub-unit 104-6, for adapting the information stored in the first-in first-out type memory to the STM-N/STS
  • the frame positioning information position reproducing unit 106 includes: a flag bit extracting sub-unit 106-2 and a frame positioning information position reproducing sub-unit 106-4.
  • the flag bit extraction sub-unit 106-2 is configured to extract a flag bit stored in the first-in first-out type memory; and the frame positioning information position regeneration sub-unit 106-4 is connected to the flag bit extraction sub-unit 106-2. And for generating a position of the frame positioning information according to the extracted flag bit and a fixed positional relationship between the flag bit and the frame positioning information.
  • the frame positioning information position regenerating subunit repositions the position of the frame positioning information according to the extracted flag bit and the fixed positional relationship between the flag bit and the frame positioning information.
  • the frame positioning information includes a channel trace byte (Jl).
  • the position having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information includes a branch unit pointer (V1).
  • the microwave frame position indication information includes a tributary unit position indication byte (H4).
  • the depth of the first-in first-out memory is an integer multiple of 3, and is adapted to In the frame structure of the following levels of STM-1, the depth of the first-in first-out memory can be any value.
  • FIG. 4 it is a flowchart of a method for adapting a wave frame according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S402 acquiring a microwave frame that can carry a low-order service without a high-order pointer;
  • Step S404 adapting the microwave frame carrying the low-order service without the high-order pointer to the synchronous transmission module level N / synchronous transmission signal level N (STM-N/STS-N) frame structure;
  • Step S406 in the frame structure, the position of the frame positioning information is reproduced by a flag bit having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
  • the microwave frame carrying the low-order service without the high-order pointer may be directly extracted from the SDH/SONET frame structure; or may be a reconstructed microwave frame.
  • the specific implementation process of the step S404 includes:
  • Step S404-2 extracting the payload and the microwave frame position indication information (H4) in the microwave frame
  • Step S404-4 storing the payload of the microwave frame and the microwave frame position indication information (H4) in a first-come first In the output memory
  • Step S404-6 marking a position having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information, and generating a flag bit
  • Step S404-8 the payload and the microwave frame position indication information H4 in the microwave frame and the generated flag bit are adapted into the STM-N/STS-N frame.
  • the specific implementation process of the step S406 includes:
  • Step 406-2 extracting a flag bit stored in the first-in first-out type memory
  • Step 406-4 Regenerate the position of the frame positioning information according to the flag bit and its fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
  • the frame positioning information position regenerating subunit repositions the position of the frame positioning information according to the flag bit and a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
  • the frame positioning information includes a channel trace byte (Jl).
  • the position having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information includes a branch unit pointer (V1).
  • the microwave frame position indication information includes a branch unit position indication byte (H4).
  • the barrel is called TU microwave frame).
  • the microwave frame structure utilizes the feature that the pointer value is fixed at a fixed position when the TU low-order service is multiplexed (for example, when the TU low-order service multiplexing is used, the pointer value is fixed at the position 522).
  • the TU the wave frame includes an overhead and a payload
  • the structure of the overhead is as shown in Table 1, including: a frame header, a data communication channel (DCC), and a wave overhead (H4).
  • DCC data communication channel
  • H4 wave overhead
  • +LinkID+ATPC+ MVRDI+JO Official circuit
  • EOW electrocircuitting Orderw
  • Link ID occupies lBit (Bit 5), combined with MVH4, transmits a total of 16 Bit of Link ID information through 16 frames.
  • the Link ID (16 Bits) accounts for 50% of the total MVOH (32 Bits) information to be transmitted, and the MVOH only occupies 8 Bits (MVH4) in each frame transmission.
  • 4Bbits the Link ID information that needs to be occupied by 16Bits is transmitted by this method, which is equivalent to using only 4Bits to complete the transmission, which greatly improves the efficiency, effectively saves the bandwidth resources, and can use the richer bandwidth to improve the coding correction. Wrong ability, improve receiving sensitivity and other indicators.
  • this TU microwave frame rate needs to be adapted to SDH/SONET transmission and demapping.
  • the demapping process it is relatively simple because it is a synchronous clock domain.
  • the rate adaptation process since it is a different clock domain, the position of J1 after mapping is floating in SDH7SO ET, but since the microwave frame belongs to an unconventional structure without pointer value, the asynchronous FIFO processing cannot use the original SDH.
  • a method of asynchronous FIFO processing in /SONET systems Similarly, in order to implement arbitrary uplink and downlink services and ADM functions, the asynchronous rate adaptation method of PDH cannot be adopted.
  • the traditional SDH/SONET rate adaptation method is as follows: The STM-N/STS-N frame structure signal on the line side is rate-adapted through the asynchronous FIFO, and the signal is re-regenerated to form a new STM-N/STS-N frame structure signal. After the transfer locally. The service payload is unchanged, and the clock is switched from the line clock to the local clock. The segment overhead is terminated, that is, the segment overhead needs to be processed here.
  • the traditional SDH/SONET rate adaptation method is based on the specific SDH/SONET frame structure.
  • the position of the J1 pointed to by the pointer changes regularly, or always changes three positions at a time (J1 is always relative)
  • J1 is always relative
  • the current rate adaptation method locates the locally transmitted frame header signal that J1 always uses as a reference for direct positioning. It is effective for the traditional SDH/SONET rate adaptation, but this method can not handle the situation that J1 is floating irregularly with respect to the local frame header signal distance. Therefore, it is impossible to implement the microwave frame that carries the low-order service without the pointer. Distributed to SDH transmission.
  • the traditional PDH self-asynchronous rate adaptation and the traditional PDH asynchronous rate adaptation to the SDH method can adapt the microwave frame rate carrying low-order services without pointers to SDH transmission, but this loses SDH/SONET transmission. Advantages, can not achieve arbitrary up and down Business and ADM capabilities.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adapts the new TU microwave frame rate to the SDH/SONET transmission, and requires flexible uplink and downlink services. That is, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for asynchronously adapting a microwave frame without a pointer to an STM-N/STS-N frame structure, and implementing PDH/SDH/SONET chopping can adopt a unified hardware platform, and at the same time Multiple types of service access on the same platform, as well as low cost when meeting PDH microwave capacity, while ensuring that when upgrading to SDH/SONET microwaves, there is no need to replace equipment to protect user investment.
  • the TU microwave frame structure defined by the PDH/SDH/SONET integrated digital microwave device is shown in Figure 5:
  • the frame structure adopts a left-to-right, top-to-bottom transmission method.
  • the first m bytes are overhead bytes.
  • the payload area is Nx4 columns.
  • the payload area is Nx3 columns, the first m bytes are frame headers and others. Overhead, it can realize end-to-end processing of microwave services.
  • the size of the TU12 and VT2 microwave frames is m+nx4x9 bytes, and the size of the TU11 and VT15 microwave frames is m+nx3x9 bytes.
  • the payload area is Nx86 columns
  • the microwave frame size of TU3 is m+ Nx86x9 bytes, which can be flexibly matched according to the requirements of microwave bandwidth.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an STM-1 frame after a low-order service mapping in a sending direction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • SDH Due to the low-order adaptation to the high-order process in the transmission direction, the low-order traffic is aligned to the 522 position after the tributary chip adaptation process, and the VI position of the low-order service TU Relative to J1, the pointer byte is not needed when forming the TU microwave frame, and can be considered as 522 in the receiving direction (as shown in Figure 6).
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a low-order service rate adaptation to the receiving direction in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • asynchronous rate adaptation is required to the VC4/SPE payload of the local STM-N/STS-N frame structure, and then mapped to SDH/SO.
  • VC4 (VC is a virtual container) can carry 63 TU12, therefore, it can transmit up to 63 TU microwave frames composed of TU12.
  • the SPE structure can carry 21 VT2s and can transmit up to 21 TUs of VT2: wave frames.
  • the re-regenerated VC4/SPE payload loaded with the TU microwave frame payload is changed in the STM-N/STS-N frame structure, resulting in a higher order than the higher-order J1.
  • the position of the fixed-position TU microwave frame payload in the STM-N/STS-N frame structure is floating, so that the high-order pointer pointing to the high-order J1 position is changed, and the high-order J1 position pointed by the pointer is floating.
  • the microwave frames without high-order pointers are asynchronously adapted to STM-1 and STM-1, the above four characteristics must be satisfied to achieve PDH/SDH/SONET-like and arbitrary services.
  • the TU microwave frame can carry 1 ⁇ ! ! Low-order services, therefore, when n is not an integer multiple of 3, although each STM-1 is adjusted by three bytes, the actual number of bytes adjusted may be 0, 1, 2 for the actual service. , 3 bytes.
  • the J1 position read out may not be in the multiple column position of 3, resulting in an error.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a solution capable of adaptively generating J1 and an asynchronous rate adaptation solution for transmitting a TU microwave frame to an STM-N/STS-N frame structure.
  • the following asynchronous rate adaptation method from a TU microwave frame carrying a low-order service without a high-order pointer to an STM-N/STS-N frame structure may be employed, but is not limited thereto, and the method includes the following steps:
  • the TU payload extracted from the received TU microwave frame signal is stored in the asynchronous First in first out memory (FIFO).
  • the format of the FIFO is shown in Figure 8.
  • the information of the first VI and H4 is stored synchronously. Mark the VI byte. For example, write 1 to the flag corresponding to the first VI and 0 to the other. All H4 information bits of this frame are written to the H4 value of the processed TU microwave frame.
  • the position where the VI is written is guaranteed to be an integer multiple of 3.
  • the information is extracted from the FIFO and adapted into the STM-N/STS-N frame structure.
  • the extracted VIs are used to reversely locate the positions of J1 and H4, and the synchronously extracted H4 values are processed to correspond to the reproduced STM-1 frames.
  • the H4 value is inserted into the processed H4 value at the regenerated H4 position.
  • the position of the regenerative J1 can be re-corrected and positioned according to the position of the VI.
  • the frame rate is fixed, that is, the positions of VI and J1 are fixedly appearing and circulating at a certain frequency.
  • J1 is specified to be an integer multiple of 3, so when the time slot is garbled, J1 which may be located by the read VI is not an integer of 3. In this case, J1 must be re-adjusted to an integral multiple of 3.
  • J1 is not a column that is an integer multiple of 3.
  • the depth of the asynchronous FIFO is an integer multiple of 3, because when writing to the FIFO, it is necessary to ensure that the position of the first VI is written.
  • the position of the integer multiple of 3, when adapted to the frame structure of the STM-1 level or lower, the depth of the first-in first-out memory can be any value.
  • the TU microwave frame carrying the microwave service can be flexibly moved up and down in the SDH/SONET network element by using the solution in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • PDH/SDH/SONET microwaves can adopt a unified hardware platform, and achieve multiple service types on the same platform. It can meet the low cost of PDH microwave capacity, and at the same time, it can be upgraded to SDH. In the case of microwaves, there is no need to replace equipment to protect user investment.

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Abstract

A device and method for adapting microwave frame, the said method comprises: acquiring the microwave frame which can carry the low order service without the high order pointer; adapting the said microwave frame into the STM-N/STS-N frame structure; regenerating the location of frame position information in the said frame structure according to a flag bit having fixed location relation with the frame position information. The said device comprises: a microwave frame acquiring unit for acquiring the microwave frame carrying the low order service without the high order pointer; a microwave frame adapting unit for adapting the said microwave frame into the STM-N/STS-N frame structure; a location regenerating unit of the frame position information for regenerating the location of frame position information in the said frame structure according to the flag bit having fixed location relation with the frame position information. The invent solves the problem in the prior art that can't use fewer overhead bytes in the limited band to flexibly transmit the adding and dropping service.

Description

4敫波帧适配装置和方法  4 chopping frame adaptation device and method
本申请要求于 2006 年 3 月 13 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200610057048.1、 发明名称为"微波帧适配装置和方法"的中国专利申请的 优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。  The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 200610057048., entitled "Microwave Frame Adaptation Apparatus and Method", filed on March 13, 2006, the entire contents of .
技术领域 Technical field
本发明涉及微波通信技术， 尤其涉及一种微波帧适配装置和方法。 背景技术  The present invention relates to microwave communication technologies, and in particular, to a microwave frame adaptation apparatus and method. Background technique
目前， 从技术层面和网络应用层面来看， 光纤多业务传输平台 ( Multi-Service Transport Platform , 简称为 MSTP )已经非常成熟， 但由于 土地私有化， 以及地形地貌等限制， 在许多地方都需要使用无线方式来传 输， 在带宽要求较大和传输距离超过 1公里的情况下， 通常使用微波方式 传输。 当前， 在移动蜂窝***的基站回程传输、 传输网城域网组网、 广电 的数字中继传输网、 专网 （如电力、 公安、 部队等）、 以及大企业接入等 市场应用中， 波传输均有较大应用。  At present, from the technical level and network application level, the Multi-Service Transport Platform (MSTP) is very mature, but it needs to be used in many places due to land privatization and terrain and other restrictions. Wireless transmission, usually in the case of bandwidth requirements and transmission distances of more than 1 km, usually using microwave transmission. Currently, in mobile phone system base station backhaul transmission, transmission network metropolitan area network networking, radio and television digital relay transmission network, private network (such as power, public security, military, etc.), and large enterprise access market applications, waves Transmission has a large application.
现有的点对点 （Point-to-Point, 简称为 PTP )微波按照带宽通常分为 同步传输微波和异步传输微波两种， 异步传输微波是指微波空口容量在 100M以内的微波， 有 nxEl ( n<=16 )和 n <E3 ( n<=2 )等多种容量规格， 而同步传输微波通常指微波空口带宽能够实现 lxSTM-1/STS-l 以上的速 率或者 nxSTM-1/STS-l的速率的微波。但由于各自继承于相应的异步和同 步体系， 也相应继承了其缺点。  The existing point-to-point (PTP) microwaves are generally divided into synchronous transmission microwaves and asynchronous transmission microwaves according to the bandwidth. Asynchronous transmission microwaves refer to microwaves with microwave air interface capacity within 100M, and there are nxEl (n< =16) and n <E3 (n<=2) and other capacity specifications, and synchronous transmission of microwave usually means that the microwave air interface bandwidth can achieve a rate above lxSTM-1/STS-1 or a rate of nxSTM-1/STS-l. Microwave. However, since they inherit from the corresponding asynchronous and synchronous systems, they also inherit their shortcomings.
异步数字体系 （ Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy , 简称 PDH )是一种 复用体制， 由于其按比特间插的复用方式， 在每个节点， 必须把 PDH信 号解到最后一级才能得到需要的客户信号， 所以不能方便地上下业务。 在 组网方面， 只能组简单的点对点组网。 PDH的监视能力和管理能力差。  The Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) is a kind of multiplexing system. Because of its bit-interpolation multiplexing method, at each node, the PDH signal must be solved to the final stage to obtain the required client signal. Therefore, it is not convenient to go up and down the business. In terms of networking, you can only group simple peer-to-peer networking. PDH has poor monitoring and management capabilities.
同步数字体系 （Synchronous Digital Hierarchy, SDH )作为一种传送 网技术， 比 PDH具有更好的监视能力、 管理能力、 网络生存性、 以及更 高的传送容量， 可以任意上下业务信号， 是一种非常可靠的传送网技术。 但是， SDH主要是用于传送语音业务的一种技术体制， 开销字节太多， 而 在 4敫波传输领域， 要求在有限的带宽内传输更多的业务。 同时利用有限带 宽尽可能多地传输微波帧开销， 便于灵活进行网络管理等。 As a transport network technology, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) has better monitoring capability, management capability, network survivability, and higher transmission capacity than PDH. It can arbitrarily up and down business signals. It is a very Reliable transport network technology. However, SDH is mainly a technical system for transmitting voice services, with too many overhead bytes, and in the field of 4 chop transmission, it is required to transmit more services within a limited bandwidth. Simultaneous use of limited bands Widely transmit microwave frame overhead as much as possible, which facilitates flexible network management.
为实现 PDH/SDH/同步光网络（Synchronous Optical Netword,筒称 SONET )微波一体化， 需要将微波帧速率适配到 SDH/SONET中传输以及 解映射。 在解映射过程中， 由于是同步时钟域， 相对比较简单。 对于速率 适配过程， 由于是不同时钟域， 映射后其 J1的位置在 SDH7SO ET是浮 动的， 但是由于该微波帧属于不带指针值的非常规结构， 其异步 FIFO处 理过程不能采用原有 SDH/SONET***中异步 FIFO处理的方法。 同样， 为了实现任意上下业务和 ADM功能， 也不能采用 PDH的异步速率适配 方法。  In order to realize the microwave integration of the PDH/SDH/Synchronous Optical Netword (SONET), it is necessary to adapt the microwave frame rate to SDH/SONET for transmission and demapping. In the demapping process, since it is a synchronous clock domain, it is relatively simple. For the rate adaptation process, since it is a different clock domain, the position of J1 after mapping is floating in SDH7SO ET, but since the microwave frame belongs to an unconventional structure without pointer value, the asynchronous FIFO processing cannot use the original SDH. A method of asynchronous FIFO processing in /SONET systems. Similarly, in order to implement arbitrary uplink and downlink services and ADM functions, the PDH asynchronous rate adaptation method cannot be used.
因此，在 PDH/SDH/SONET—体化的过程中，解决能够在有限的带宽 内使用更少的开销字节灵活地传输上下业务成为关键的问题。  Therefore, in the process of PDH/SDH/SONET-based, it is a problem to solve the problem of being able to flexibly transmit uplink and downlink services with less overhead bytes in a limited bandwidth.
发明内容 Summary of the invention
本发明实施例提供一种微波帧适配装置和方法， 以解决现有技术中不 能在有限的带宽内使用更少的开销字节灵活地传输上下业务的问题。  The embodiments of the present invention provide a microwave frame adaptation apparatus and method, which solves the problem that the upper and lower services cannot be flexibly transmitted using less overhead bytes in a limited bandwidth in the prior art.
为解决上述技术问题， 本发明提供一种微波帧适配装置， 所述装置包 括：  In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a microwave frame adaptation apparatus, and the apparatus includes:
微波帧获取单元， 用于获取可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的微波帧； ^：波帧适配单元，用于将所述微波帧适配到 STM-N/STS-N帧结构中； 以及  a microwave frame acquiring unit, configured to acquire a microwave frame that can carry low-order services without high-order pointers; ^: a wave frame adaptation unit, configured to adapt the microwave frame into an STM-N/STS-N frame structure ; as well as
帧定位信息位置再生单元， 与微波帧适配单元相连， 用于通过与帧定 位信息有固定位置关系的标志位再生帧定位信息的位置。  The frame positioning information position reproducing unit is connected to the microwave frame adaptation unit for reproducing the position of the frame positioning information by a flag bit having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
另外， 本发明实施例还提供一种微波帧适配方法， 所述方法包括以下 步骤：  In addition, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for adapting a microwave frame, where the method includes the following steps:
获取可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的微波帧；  Obtaining a microwave frame that can carry low-order services without high-order pointers;
将所述微波帧适配到 STM-N/STS-N帧结构中；  Adapting the microwave frame to an STM-N/STS-N frame structure;
在所述帧结构中通过与帧定位信息有固定位置关系的标志位再生帧 定位信息的位置。  The position of the frame positioning information is reproduced in the frame structure by a flag bit having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
由所述技术方案可知， 本发明实施例能够实现携带微波业务的 TU微 波帧在 SDH7SO ET网元中灵活上下。 PDH/SDH/SONET微波能够采用统 一的硬件平台， 同时在同一个平台上实现多种业务类型的接入， 既能满足According to the technical solution, the TU microwave frame carrying the microwave service can be flexibly moved up and down in the SDH7SO ET network element. PDH/SDH/SONET microwaves can be used A hardware platform that simultaneously implements access to multiple service types on the same platform, which satisfies
PDH微波容量时有较低的成本， 同时， 又能保证在升级为 SDH微波时， 不需要更换设备， 保护用户投资。 PDH microwave capacity has lower cost, and at the same time, it can ensure that when upgrading to SDH microwave, there is no need to replace equipment to protect user investment.
附图说明  DRAWINGS
图 1是示出根据本发明实施例的微波帧适配装置的框图；  1 is a block diagram showing a microwave frame adaptation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图 2是示出根据本发明实施例的微波帧适配单元的框图；  2 is a block diagram showing a microwave frame adaptation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图 3是示出根据本发明实施例的帧定位信息位置再生装置的框图； 图 4是示出根据本发明实施例的微波帧适配方法的流程图；  3 is a block diagram showing a frame positioning information position reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a microwave frame fitting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图 5是示出根据本发明的一个实施例的可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针 的微波帧结构；  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a microwave frame structure capable of carrying low-order services without high-order pointers according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图 6是示出根据本发明的一个实施例的发送方向经过低阶业务映射后 的 STM-1帧结构的示意图；  6 is a schematic diagram showing an STM-1 frame structure after a low-order traffic mapping in a transmission direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图 7是示出根据本发明的一个实施例的接收方向低阶业务速率适配到 STM-1和 STM-1级别以上帧结构的示意图； 以及  7 is a diagram showing a frame structure in which a reception direction low-order traffic rate is adapted to STM-1 and STM-1 level or higher according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图 8是示出根据本发明的一个实施例的异步先入先出型存储器的示意 图。  Figure 8 is a diagram showing an asynchronous first in first out type memory in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。  The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
请参阅图 1 , 为本发明实施例所述微波帧适配装置的结构示意图。 如 图 1所示， 所述微波帧适配装置包括： 微波帧获取单元 102、 微波帧适配 单元 104和帧定位信息位置再生单元 106。其中，所述微波帧获取单元 102, 用于获取可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的微波帧， 其获取的过程可以从 SDH/SONET帧结构中提取所述微波帧， 但并不限于这种方式， 也可以是 从其它处获取所述微波帧， 比如重新构造的微波帧。； 所述微波帧适配单 元 104, 与微波帧获取单元 102相连， 用于将可携带低阶业务不带高阶指 针的微波帧适配到同步传送模块等级 N ( STM-N, Synchronous Transport Module Level -N )/同步传送信号等级]^( STS-N, Synchronous Transfer signal Level -N )帧结构中； 以及帧定位信息位置再生单元 106, 与微波帧适配单 元 104相连， 用于通过与帧定位信息有固定位置关系的标志位再生帧定位 信息的位置。 在 SDH/SONET帧结构中， 高阶指针的位置是固定的。 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave frame adaptation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the microwave frame adaptation apparatus includes: a microwave frame acquisition unit 102, a microwave frame adaptation unit 104, and a frame positioning information position regeneration unit 106. The microwave frame acquiring unit 102 is configured to acquire a microwave frame that can carry a low-order service without a high-order pointer, and the acquiring process may extract the microwave frame from an SDH/SONET frame structure, but is not limited thereto. Alternatively, the microwave frame may be obtained from other places, such as a reconstructed microwave frame. The microwave frame adaptation unit 104 is connected to the microwave frame acquisition unit 102, and is configured to adapt the microwave frame carrying the low-order service without the high-order pointer to the synchronous transmission module level N (STM-N, Synchronous Transport Module) Level-N)/Synchronous Transfer Signal Level-N (STS-N, Synchronous Transfer Signal Level -N) frame structure; and frame positioning information position regenerating unit 106, connected to the microwave frame adaptation unit 104, for passing through the frame Positioning information has a fixed position relationship of the flag bit reproduction frame positioning The location of the information. In the SDH/SONET frame structure, the position of the high-order pointer is fixed.
还清参阅图 2, 为本发明实施例所述微波帧适配装置中微波帧适配单 元的结构示意图。 如图 2所示， 所述 £波帧适配单元包括： 数据提取子单 元 104-2, 用于提取所述微波帧中的净荷和微波帧位置指示信息（H4 ); 先 入先出型存储器 104-4, 与数据提取子单元 104-2相连， 用于存储微波帧 的净荷和微波帧位置指示信息（H4 ); 标志位生成子单元 104-6, 与先入先 出型存储器 104-4相连， 用于当将微波帧的净荷与微波帧位置指示信息存 储至先入先出型存储器时，对与帧定位信息有固定位置关系的位置进行标 记， 生成标志位； 以及微波帧适配单元 104-8， 与标志位生成子单元 104-6 相连， 用于将存储到先入先出型存储器中的信息适配到 STM-N/STS-N帧 中。  Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave frame adaptation unit in a microwave frame adaptation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the £-wave frame adaptation unit includes: a data extraction sub-unit 104-2, configured to extract a payload and a microwave frame position indication information (H4) in the microwave frame; a first-in first-out memory 104-4, connected to the data extraction subunit 104-2, configured to store the payload of the microwave frame and the microwave frame position indication information (H4); the flag generation subunit 104-6, and the first in first out memory 104-4 Connected, when storing the payload of the microwave frame and the microwave frame position indication information to the first-in first-out type memory, marking a position having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information, generating a flag bit; and a microwave frame adaptation unit 104-8, connected to the flag bit generating sub-unit 104-6, for adapting the information stored in the first-in first-out type memory to the STM-N/STS-N frame.
再请参阅图 3 , 为本发明实施例所述装置中的帧定位信息位置再生单 元的结构示意图。 如图 3所示， 帧定位信息位置再生单元 106包括： 标志 位提取子单元 106-2和帧定位信息位置再生子单元 106-4。 其中， 所述标 志位提取子单元 106-2, 用于提取存储在先入先出型存储器中的标志位； 以及帧定位信息位置再生子单元 106-4, 与标志位提取子单元 106-2相连， 用于根据所提取的标志位及所述标志位与帧定位信息的固定位置关系， 再 生成帧定位信息的位置。  Referring to FIG. 3, it is a schematic structural diagram of a frame positioning information position reproducing unit in the device according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the frame positioning information position reproducing unit 106 includes: a flag bit extracting sub-unit 106-2 and a frame positioning information position reproducing sub-unit 106-4. The flag bit extraction sub-unit 106-2 is configured to extract a flag bit stored in the first-in first-out type memory; and the frame positioning information position regeneration sub-unit 106-4 is connected to the flag bit extraction sub-unit 106-2. And for generating a position of the frame positioning information according to the extracted flag bit and a fixed positional relationship between the flag bit and the frame positioning information.
当出现时隙错乱时， 帧定位信息位置再生子单元根据所提取的标志位 和标志位与帧定位信息的固定位置关系重新定位帧定位信息的位置。 其 中， 所述帧定位信息包括通道踪迹字节 （Jl )。 与帧定位信息有固定位置 关系的位置包括支路单元指针（Vl )。 微波帧位置指示信息包括支路单元 位置指示字节 （H4 )。 当将可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的微波帧适配到 STM-1和 STM-1 以上级别的帧结构中时， 先入先出型存储器的深度为 3 的整数倍， 在适配到 STM-1 以下级别的帧结构中时， 先入先出型存储器 的深度可以为任意值。  When a time slot disorder occurs, the frame positioning information position regenerating subunit repositions the position of the frame positioning information according to the extracted flag bit and the fixed positional relationship between the flag bit and the frame positioning information. The frame positioning information includes a channel trace byte (Jl). The position having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information includes a branch unit pointer (V1). The microwave frame position indication information includes a tributary unit position indication byte (H4). When a microwave frame carrying a low-order service without a high-order pointer is adapted to a frame structure of STM-1 and STM-1 or higher, the depth of the first-in first-out memory is an integer multiple of 3, and is adapted to In the frame structure of the following levels of STM-1, the depth of the first-in first-out memory can be any value.
再请参阅图 4, 为本发明实施例所述 波帧适配方法的流程图。 如图 4所示， 该方法包括以下步骤：  Referring to FIG. 4, it is a flowchart of a method for adapting a wave frame according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, the method includes the following steps:
步驟 S402, 获取可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的微波帧； 步骤 S404,将所述可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的微波帧适配到同步 传送模块等级 N /同步传送信号等级 N ( STM-N/STS-N ) 帧结构中； Step S402, acquiring a microwave frame that can carry a low-order service without a high-order pointer; Step S404, adapting the microwave frame carrying the low-order service without the high-order pointer to the synchronous transmission module level N / synchronous transmission signal level N (STM-N/STS-N) frame structure;
步骤 S406,在所述帧结构中通过与帧定位信息有固定位置关系的标志 位再生帧定位信息的位置。  Step S406, in the frame structure, the position of the frame positioning information is reproduced by a flag bit having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
其中， 可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的微波帧可以是从 SDH/SONET 帧结构中直接提取； 也可以是重新构造的微波帧。  The microwave frame carrying the low-order service without the high-order pointer may be directly extracted from the SDH/SONET frame structure; or may be a reconstructed microwave frame.
所述步骤 S404的具体实现过程包括：  The specific implementation process of the step S404 includes:
步骤 S404-2,提取所述微波帧中的净荷和微波帧位置指示信息（ H4 ); 步驟 S404-4， 将所述微波帧的净荷和微波帧位置指示信息 （H4 )存 储在先入先出型存储器中；  Step S404-2, extracting the payload and the microwave frame position indication information (H4) in the microwave frame; Step S404-4, storing the payload of the microwave frame and the microwave frame position indication information (H4) in a first-come first In the output memory;
步驟 S404-6, 对与帧定位信息有固定位置关系的位置进行标记， 生成 标志位;  Step S404-6, marking a position having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information, and generating a flag bit;
步骤 S404-8, 将所述微波帧中的净荷和微波帧位置指示信息 H4及生 成的标志位适配到 STM-N/STS-N帧中。  Step S404-8, the payload and the microwave frame position indication information H4 in the microwave frame and the generated flag bit are adapted into the STM-N/STS-N frame.
所述步骤 S406的具体实现过程包括：  The specific implementation process of the step S406 includes:
步骤 406-2, 提取存储在先入先出型存储器中的标志位；  Step 406-2, extracting a flag bit stored in the first-in first-out type memory;
步骤 406-4, 才艮据所述标志位及其与帧定位信息的固定位置关系再生 帧定位信息的位置。  Step 406-4: Regenerate the position of the frame positioning information according to the flag bit and its fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
当出现时隙错乱时， 帧定位信息位置再生子单元才艮据所述标志位及与 帧定位信息的固定位置关系重新定位帧定位信息的位置。  When a time slot disorder occurs, the frame positioning information position regenerating subunit repositions the position of the frame positioning information according to the flag bit and a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
其中， 帧定位信息包括通道踪迹字节 （Jl )。 与帧定位信息有固定位 置关系的位置包括支路单元指针（Vl )。 微波帧位置指示信息包括支路单 元位置指示字节 （H4 )。 当将可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的微波帧适配 到 STM-1和 STM-1以上级别的帧结构中时， 先入先出型存储器的深度为 3的整数倍， 在适配到 STM-1以下级别的帧结构中时， 先入先出型存储器 的深度可以为任意值。  The frame positioning information includes a channel trace byte (Jl). The position having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information includes a branch unit pointer (V1). The microwave frame position indication information includes a branch unit position indication byte (H4). When the microwave frame carrying the low-order service without the high-order pointer is adapted to the frame structure of the STM-1 and STM-1 or higher level, the depth of the first-in first-out memory is an integer multiple of 3, and is adapted to When the frame structure is below STM-1, the depth of the first-in first-out memory can be any value.
为了便于本领域技术人员的理解， 下面结合具体的实施例说明本发 明。  In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be described in conjunction with the specific embodiments.
首先， 介绍一下可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的微波帧结构， 如图 5 所示。 该^:波帧结构基于以 TU (支路单元）为基本颗粒来构建 PDH微波 容量为 nxEl ( n<=63 ) /nxDSl ( n<=84 ) /nxE3/DS3(n<=3) (以下筒称 TU 微波帧）。 该微波帧结构为了节省开销、 提高带宽利用率， 利用 TU低阶 业务复用上来时指针值在固定位置的特点 （诸如， 利用 TU低阶业务复用 上来时指针值均固定在 522位置）， 将帧结构中的高阶指针去掉， 只保留 除帧头外几个常用的开销。 具体如图 5所示， 所述 TU :波帧包括开销和 净荷， 其开销的结构如表 1 所示， 包括： 帧头、 数据通信通路（Data Communication Channel, 简称 DCC )、 波开销 （ H4+LinkID+ATPC+ MVRDI+JO ). 公务电路（EOW, electrocircuitting Orderw )、 数据口。 First, introduce the microwave frame structure that can carry low-order services without high-order pointers, as shown in Figure 5. Shown. The ^:wave frame structure is based on constructing a PDH microwave capacity with TU (branch unit) as a base particle as nxEl (n<=63) /nxDSl (n<=84) /nxE3/DS3(n<=3) (below) The barrel is called TU microwave frame). In order to save overhead and improve bandwidth utilization, the microwave frame structure utilizes the feature that the pointer value is fixed at a fixed position when the TU low-order service is multiplexed (for example, when the TU low-order service multiplexing is used, the pointer value is fixed at the position 522). The high-order pointers in the frame structure are removed, leaving only a few common overheads other than the frame header. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the TU: the wave frame includes an overhead and a payload, and the structure of the overhead is as shown in Table 1, including: a frame header, a data communication channel (DCC), and a wave overhead (H4). +LinkID+ATPC+ MVRDI+JO ). Official circuit (EOW, electrocircuitting Orderw), data port.
表 1
Figure imgf000008_0001
Table 1
Figure imgf000008_0001
其中， 为了解决多开销和少字节的矛盾， 将 Link ID(16Bits)、 ATPC(4Bits)、 MVREI(lBit) , MVRDI(lBit)、 MVBl(2Bit)、 MVJ0(8Bits) 等共计 32Bits的丰富微波开销通过 4bit的 MVH4在 lByte的 MVOH开销 中多帧传输完成， 如表所 2示：  Among them, in order to solve the contradiction between multi-overhead and small byte, a total of 32Bits rich microwaves such as Link ID (16Bits), ATPC (4Bits), MVREI (lBit), MVRDI (lBit), MVBl (2Bit), MVJ0 (8Bits) The overhead is completed by multi-frame transmission of 4 bits of MVH4 in the MVOH overhead of lByte, as shown in Table 2:
表 2  Table 2
Figure imgf000008_0002
Figure imgf000008_0002
例如： Link ID占用 lBit(Bit 5), 与 MVH4组合， 通过 16帧传送了共 计 16Bit 的 Link ID 信息。 这样， Link ID(16 Bits)占总共计需传输的 MVOH(32 Bits)信息 50 % , MVOH在每帧传输中只占用 8Bits(MVH4占用 4Bbits)完成， 本需占用 16Bits传输的 Link ID信息采用该方法传递后， 等 效于只用 4Bits完成传输， 大大提高了效率， 有效节省了带宽资源， 可以 将更丰富的带宽用于提高编码纠错能力 , 提高接收灵敏度等指标。 For example: Link ID occupies lBit (Bit 5), combined with MVH4, transmits a total of 16 Bit of Link ID information through 16 frames. In this way, the Link ID (16 Bits) accounts for 50% of the total MVOH (32 Bits) information to be transmitted, and the MVOH only occupies 8 Bits (MVH4) in each frame transmission. 4Bbits), the Link ID information that needs to be occupied by 16Bits is transmitted by this method, which is equivalent to using only 4Bits to complete the transmission, which greatly improves the efficiency, effectively saves the bandwidth resources, and can use the richer bandwidth to improve the coding correction. Wrong ability, improve receiving sensitivity and other indicators.
为实现 PDH7SDH/SONET微波一体化，需要将这种 TU微波帧速率适 配到 SDH/SONET中传输以及解映射。 在解映射过程中， 由于是同步时钟 域， 相对比较简单。 对于速率适配过程， 由于是不同时钟域， 映射后其 J1 的位置在 SDH7SO ET是浮动的，但是由于该微波帧属于不带指针值的非 常规结构， 其异步 FIFO处理过程不能采用原有 SDH/SONET***中异步 FIFO处理的方法。 同样， 为了实现任意上下业务和 ADM功能， 也不能采 用 PDH的异步速率适配方法。  In order to achieve PDH7SDH/SONET microwave integration, this TU microwave frame rate needs to be adapted to SDH/SONET transmission and demapping. In the demapping process, it is relatively simple because it is a synchronous clock domain. For the rate adaptation process, since it is a different clock domain, the position of J1 after mapping is floating in SDH7SO ET, but since the microwave frame belongs to an unconventional structure without pointer value, the asynchronous FIFO processing cannot use the original SDH. A method of asynchronous FIFO processing in /SONET systems. Similarly, in order to implement arbitrary uplink and downlink services and ADM functions, the asynchronous rate adaptation method of PDH cannot be adopted.
因此，为了保证 PDH/SDH/SO ET微波一体化以及满足带宽利用率的 要求， 必然需要一种将这种新的 TU微波帧速率适配到 SDH/SONET中传 输， 同时要求能够灵活的上下业务。  Therefore, in order to ensure the PDH/SDH/SO ET microwave integration and meet the bandwidth utilization requirements, it is necessary to adapt this new TU microwave frame rate to SDH/SONET transmission, and also require flexible uplink and downlink services. .
传统的 SDH/SONET的速率适配方法为： 线路侧的 STM-N/STS- N帧 结构信号通过异步 FIFO 进行速率适配， 信号重新再生后组成新的 STM-N/STS-N 帧结构信号后在本地传送。 其中的业务净荷没有改变， 时 钟从线路时钟切换到本地时钟。 段开销被终结， 即， 需要在此处处理段开 销。  The traditional SDH/SONET rate adaptation method is as follows: The STM-N/STS-N frame structure signal on the line side is rate-adapted through the asynchronous FIFO, and the signal is re-regenerated to form a new STM-N/STS-N frame structure signal. After the transfer locally. The service payload is unchanged, and the clock is switched from the line clock to the local clock. The segment overhead is terminated, that is, the segment overhead needs to be processed here.
传统的 SDH/SONET 的速率适配方法因为针对的是特定的 SDH/SONET帧结构， 调整时指针指向的 J1的位置变化很有规律，要么总 是每次变化三个位置（J1总是在相对于本地帧头信号距离为 3的倍数的位 置）， 要么总是每次变化一个位置。 因此目前的速率适配方法定位 J1总是 采用的本地送来的帧头信号做为基准直接定位。 对于传统的 SDH/SONET 的速率适配筒洁有效， 但是该方法不能处理 J1 相对于本地帧头信号距离 无规律变化浮动的情况， 因此也无法实现将携带低阶业务不带指针的微波 帧适配到 SDH中传输。  The traditional SDH/SONET rate adaptation method is based on the specific SDH/SONET frame structure. The position of the J1 pointed to by the pointer changes regularly, or always changes three positions at a time (J1 is always relative) At a position where the local frame header signal distance is a multiple of 3), either one position is always changed each time. Therefore, the current rate adaptation method locates the locally transmitted frame header signal that J1 always uses as a reference for direct positioning. It is effective for the traditional SDH/SONET rate adaptation, but this method can not handle the situation that J1 is floating irregularly with respect to the local frame header signal distance. Therefore, it is impossible to implement the microwave frame that carries the low-order service without the pointer. Distributed to SDH transmission.
传统的 PDH 自身异步速率适配以及传统的 PDH异步速率适配到 SDH法虽然可以实现将携带低阶业务不带指针的微波帧速率适配到 SDH 中传输， 但是这样就丧失了 SDH/SONET传输的优点， 无法实现任意上下 业务和 ADM功能。 The traditional PDH self-asynchronous rate adaptation and the traditional PDH asynchronous rate adaptation to the SDH method can adapt the microwave frame rate carrying low-order services without pointers to SDH transmission, but this loses SDH/SONET transmission. Advantages, can not achieve arbitrary up and down Business and ADM capabilities.
从上面可以看出， 无论传统的 SDH速率适配方法还是传统的 PDH速 率适配方法都无法满足目前 PDH/SDH/SONET 波一体化装置的要求，所 以， 需要对如何将可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的 TU微波帧速率适配到 SDH/SONET中传输提出一个解决方案。  It can be seen from the above that no matter whether the traditional SDH rate adaptation method or the traditional PDH rate adaptation method can not meet the requirements of the current PDH/SDH/SONET wave integrated device, it is necessary to how to carry the portable low-order service. A solution with a high-order pointer TU microwave frame rate adaptation to SDH/SONET transmission is proposed.
因此，为了实现 PDH/SDH/SONET微波一体化以及满足带宽利用率的 要求， 本发明实施例将这种新的 TU微波帧速率适配到 SDH/SONET中传 输， 同时要求能够灵活的上下业务。 即本发明实施例提出了一种针对不带 指针的微波帧异步速率适配到 STM-N/STS-N 帧结构的方法， 实现 PDH/SDH/SONET敖波能够采用统一的硬件平台， 同时在同一个平台上实 现多种业务类型的接入， 以及既能满足 PDH微波容量时有较低的成本， 同时， 又能保证在升级为 SDH/SONET微波时， 不需要更换设备， 保护用 户投资。  Therefore, in order to achieve the PDH/SDH/SONET microwave integration and meet the bandwidth utilization requirements, the embodiment of the present invention adapts the new TU microwave frame rate to the SDH/SONET transmission, and requires flexible uplink and downlink services. That is, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for asynchronously adapting a microwave frame without a pointer to an STM-N/STS-N frame structure, and implementing PDH/SDH/SONET chopping can adopt a unified hardware platform, and at the same time Multiple types of service access on the same platform, as well as low cost when meeting PDH microwave capacity, while ensuring that when upgrading to SDH/SONET microwaves, there is no need to replace equipment to protect user investment.
PDH/SDH/SONET一体化数字微波设备所定义的 TU微波帧结构如图 5所示： 该帧结构采用从左到右， 从上到下的传输方法。 其中， 前 m个字 节为开销字节， 当装载 TU12或 VT2时， 净荷区为 Nx4列， 当装载 TU11 或 VT15时， 净荷区为 Nx3列， 前 m个字节为帧头及其他开销， 能够实 现对微波业务端到端的处理。 TU12、 VT2微波帧的大小为 m+nx4x9个字 节， TU11、 VT15微波帧的大小为 m+nx3x9个字节， 当装载 TU3时， 净 荷区为 Nx86列， TU3的微波帧大小为 m+nx86x9个字节， 可以根据微波 带宽的要求灵活可配。  The TU microwave frame structure defined by the PDH/SDH/SONET integrated digital microwave device is shown in Figure 5: The frame structure adopts a left-to-right, top-to-bottom transmission method. The first m bytes are overhead bytes. When loading TU12 or VT2, the payload area is Nx4 columns. When loading TU11 or VT15, the payload area is Nx3 columns, the first m bytes are frame headers and others. Overhead, it can realize end-to-end processing of microwave services. The size of the TU12 and VT2 microwave frames is m+nx4x9 bytes, and the size of the TU11 and VT15 microwave frames is m+nx3x9 bytes. When loading TU3, the payload area is Nx86 columns, and the microwave frame size of TU3 is m+ Nx86x9 bytes, which can be flexibly matched according to the requirements of microwave bandwidth.
可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的 TU微波帧可以在 SDH/SONET中传 输的原理是因为：  The principle that TU microwave frames that can carry low-order services without high-order pointers can be transmitted in SDH/SONET is because:
请参阅图 6, 示出本发明实施例在发送方向经过低阶业务映射后的 STM-1帧结构示意图。 以 SDH为例说明： 由于在发送方向， 低阶适配到 高阶的过程中， 低阶业务经过支路芯片适配处理后其高阶指针对齐到 522 位置， 而低阶业务 TU的 VI位置相对 J1固定， 因此在形成 TU微波帧时 不需要指针字节， 在接收方向就可以认为是 522 (如图 6所示）。  Referring to FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an STM-1 frame after a low-order service mapping in a sending direction according to an embodiment of the present invention. Take SDH as an example: Due to the low-order adaptation to the high-order process in the transmission direction, the low-order traffic is aligned to the 522 position after the tributary chip adaptation process, and the VI position of the low-order service TU Relative to J1, the pointer byte is not needed when forming the TU microwave frame, and can be considered as 522 in the receiving direction (as shown in Figure 6).
还请参阅图 7, 示出本发明实施例在接收方向低阶业务速率适配到 STM-1和 STM-1级别以上帧结构的示意图。 如图所示， 在接收方向， 由 于线路时钟和本地时钟速率的不同， 需要异步速率适配到本地 STM-N/STS-N帧结构的 VC4/SPE净荷中， 然后再映射到 SDH/SO ET体 系中传送。 VC4 ( VC为虚容器）可以承载 63个 TU12, 因此， 能够传递 最多 63个 TU12组成的 TU微波帧。 SPE结构可以承载 21个 VT2, 能够 传递最多 21个 VT2组成的 TU :波帧。 同时， 由于异步速率不一致的原 因， 重新再生后的装载了 TU微波帧净荷的 VC4/SPE 净荷， 其位置在 STM-N/STS-N帧结构中是变化的， 导致与高阶 J1相对位置固定的 TU微 波帧净荷在 STM-N/STS-N帧结构中的位置是浮动的，从而指向高阶 J1位 置的高阶指针是变化的， 其指针指向的高阶 J1位置是浮动的。 从图 7中 可以看出 STM-1帧结构的几个特点： Please also refer to FIG. 7, which illustrates a low-order service rate adaptation to the receiving direction in the embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of frame structures above STM-1 and STM-1 levels. As shown in the figure, in the receiving direction, due to the difference between the line clock and the local clock rate, asynchronous rate adaptation is required to the VC4/SPE payload of the local STM-N/STS-N frame structure, and then mapped to SDH/SO. Transfer in the ET system. VC4 (VC is a virtual container) can carry 63 TU12, therefore, it can transmit up to 63 TU microwave frames composed of TU12. The SPE structure can carry 21 VT2s and can transmit up to 21 TUs of VT2: wave frames. At the same time, due to the inconsistent asynchronous rate, the re-regenerated VC4/SPE payload loaded with the TU microwave frame payload is changed in the STM-N/STS-N frame structure, resulting in a higher order than the higher-order J1. The position of the fixed-position TU microwave frame payload in the STM-N/STS-N frame structure is floating, so that the high-order pointer pointing to the high-order J1 position is changed, and the high-order J1 position pointed by the pointer is floating. . From Figure 7, we can see several features of the STM-1 frame structure:
1、 J1的位置浮动， 但是 J1的位置总是位于 3的整数倍列上。  1. The position of J1 floats, but the position of J1 is always on the integer multiple of 3.
2、 低阶业务映射到 STM-1上时， J1的位置是浮动的， 其位置由可变 化指针值定位。  2. When the low-order service is mapped to STM-1, the position of J1 is floating, and its position is located by the variable pointer value.
3、 当速率适配发生调整时， 一次总是调整 3个字节。 J1的位置相应 调整 3个字节位。  3. When the rate adaptation is adjusted, always adjust 3 bytes at a time. The position of J1 is adjusted by 3 bytes.
4、 H4和第一个 VI位置相对 J1位置是固定的。  4. H4 and the first VI position are fixed relative to the J1 position.
由此不带高阶指针的微波帧异步速率适配到 STM-1和 STM-1时， 最 基本必须满足上面四个特征才能实现 PDH/SDH/SONET —体化以及业务 的任意上下。 而由于该 TU微波帧可携带 1〜！！个低阶业务， 因此， 当 n不 是 3的整数倍时， 虽然每次 STM-1调整的是三个字节， 但是对于实际的 业务来说， 调整的字节数可能是 0、 1、 2、 3个字节。 按传统方法读取， 读出的其 J1位置就可能不是在 3的倍数列位置， 从而导致错误。  Therefore, when the microwave frames without high-order pointers are asynchronously adapted to STM-1 and STM-1, the above four characteristics must be satisfied to achieve PDH/SDH/SONET-like and arbitrary services. And because the TU microwave frame can carry 1~! ! Low-order services, therefore, when n is not an integer multiple of 3, although each STM-1 is adjusted by three bytes, the actual number of bytes adjusted may be 0, 1, 2 for the actual service. , 3 bytes. Read by the conventional method, the J1 position read out may not be in the multiple column position of 3, resulting in an error.
因此， 本发明实施例提供一种能够自适应产生 J1 的解决方法以及将 TU微波帧到 STM-N/STS-N帧结构的异步速率适配解决方案。  Therefore, embodiments of the present invention provide a solution capable of adaptively generating J1 and an asynchronous rate adaptation solution for transmitting a TU microwave frame to an STM-N/STS-N frame structure.
还可以采用以下从可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的 TU微波帧到 STM-N/STS-N 帧结构的异步速率适配方法， 但并不限于此， 所述方法包 括以下步骤：  The following asynchronous rate adaptation method from a TU microwave frame carrying a low-order service without a high-order pointer to an STM-N/STS-N frame structure may be employed, but is not limited thereto, and the method includes the following steps:
第一步骤， 将接收到的 TU微波帧信号提取出的 TU净荷存放入异步 先入先出型存储器（FIFO ) 中。 FIFO的格式如图 8所示， 除了存储数据 外， 同步存储第一个 VI和 H4的信息。 对 VI字节进行标记， 例如， 在第 一个 VI对应的标志位写 1 , 其他写 0。 本帧的所有 H4信息位都写入处理 后的 TU微波帧的 H4值。 当适配入的是 STM-1和 STM-1以上级别的业 务时， 保证 VI写入的位置为 3的整数倍。 In the first step, the TU payload extracted from the received TU microwave frame signal is stored in the asynchronous First in first out memory (FIFO). The format of the FIFO is shown in Figure 8. In addition to storing data, the information of the first VI and H4 is stored synchronously. Mark the VI byte. For example, write 1 to the flag corresponding to the first VI and 0 to the other. All H4 information bits of this frame are written to the H4 value of the processed TU microwave frame. When the STM-1 and STM-1 or higher services are adapted, the position where the VI is written is guaranteed to be an integer multiple of 3.
第二步骤， 将信息从 FIFO中提取出来适配到 STM-N/STS-N帧结构 中。  In the second step, the information is extracted from the FIFO and adapted into the STM-N/STS-N frame structure.
第三步骤， 才良据第一个 VI 和 J1 的固定位置关系， 通过提取出来的 VI反向定位 Jl、 H4的位置， 同时把同步提取出来的 H4值处理为与再生 STM-1帧对应的 H4值，在再生的 H4位置***处理后的 H4值。并且当出 现时隙错乱时候， 可根据该 VI的位置重新纠正和定位再生 J1位置。 如图 9所示， 在传输中， 帧频是固定的， 即， VI和 J1的位置是按照一定频率 固定出现和循环的。 ^-设 VI在 J1后面的第 m个位置（m是固定值）， 而 一帧有 n个字节 （n是固定值）， 所以当出现 VI后， 在 VI后的 n-m字节 就是 Jl。  In the third step, according to the fixed positional relationship between the first VI and J1, the extracted VIs are used to reversely locate the positions of J1 and H4, and the synchronously extracted H4 values are processed to correspond to the reproduced STM-1 frames. The H4 value is inserted into the processed H4 value at the regenerated H4 position. And when the time slot is out of order, the position of the regenerative J1 can be re-corrected and positioned according to the position of the VI. As shown in Figure 9, in the transmission, the frame rate is fixed, that is, the positions of VI and J1 are fixedly appearing and circulating at a certain frequency. ^- Let VI be at the mth position after J1 (m is a fixed value), and one frame has n bytes (n is a fixed value), so when a VI appears, the n-m byte after the VI is Jl.
对于 SDH的 STM-1和 STM-1以上的帧结构，需要自定位和重新纠正。 因为， 对于 SDH的 STM-1和 STM-1以上的帧结构， 规定 J1在 3的整数 倍位置上， 因此， 当时隙错乱的时候， 可能由读出来的 VI定位出的 J1就 不在 3的整数倍上， 此时必须将 J1重新调整到 3的整数倍的位置上。 对 于 STM0和 STS1这种帧结构， J1不是在 3的整数倍的列上。  For SDH's STM-1 and STM-1 frame structures, self-positioning and re-correction are required. Because, for the frame structure of STM-1 and STM-1 above SDH, J1 is specified to be an integer multiple of 3, so when the time slot is garbled, J1 which may be located by the read VI is not an integer of 3. In this case, J1 must be re-adjusted to an integral multiple of 3. For the frame structure of STM0 and STS1, J1 is not a column that is an integer multiple of 3.
其中，在适配 STM-1帧以及 STM-1级别以上的帧的过程中，异步 FIFO 的深度为 3的整数倍， 因为在写入 FIFO时候， 要确保第一个 VI的位置 写入的是 3的整数倍行的位置， 在适配到 STM-1以下级别的帧结构中时， 先入先出型存储器的深度可以为任意值。  Among them, in the process of adapting STM-1 frames and frames above STM-1 level, the depth of the asynchronous FIFO is an integer multiple of 3, because when writing to the FIFO, it is necessary to ensure that the position of the first VI is written. The position of the integer multiple of 3, when adapted to the frame structure of the STM-1 level or lower, the depth of the first-in first-out memory can be any value.
通过本发明实施例所述方案， 实现携带微波业务的 TU微波帧在 SDH/SONET网元可以灵活上下。 PDH/SDH/SONET微波能够采用统一的 硬件平台， 同时在同一个平台上实现多种业务类型的接入， 既能满足 PDH 微波容量时有较低的成本， 同时， 又能保证在升级为 SDH微波时， 不需 要更换设备， 保护用户投资。 以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已， 并不用于限制本发明， 对于本领 域的技术人员来说， 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和 原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保 护范围之内。 The TU microwave frame carrying the microwave service can be flexibly moved up and down in the SDH/SONET network element by using the solution in the embodiment of the present invention. PDH/SDH/SONET microwaves can adopt a unified hardware platform, and achieve multiple service types on the same platform. It can meet the low cost of PDH microwave capacity, and at the same time, it can be upgraded to SDH. In the case of microwaves, there is no need to replace equipment to protect user investment. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

权 利 要 求 Rights request
1.一种微波帧适配装置， 其特征在于， 所述装置包括：  A microwave frame adaptation device, the device comprising:
微波帧获取单元， 用于获取可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的微波帧； 波帧适配单元， 用于将所述 波帧适配到同步传送模块等级 N /同 步传送信号等级 N STM-N/STS-N帧结构中； 以及  a microwave frame acquiring unit, configured to acquire a microwave frame that can carry a low-order service without a high-order pointer; a wave frame adaptation unit, configured to adapt the wave frame to a synchronous transmission module level N / synchronous transmission signal level N STM -N/STS-N frame structure; and
帧定位信息位置再生单元， 用于通过与帧定位信息有固定位置关系的 标志位再生帧定位信息的位置。  The frame positioning information position reproducing unit is configured to reproduce the position of the frame positioning information by a flag bit having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
2.根据权利要求 1所述微波帧适配装置， 其特征在于， 所述微波帧适 配单元包括：  The microwave frame adaptation device according to claim 1, wherein the microwave frame adaptation unit comprises:
数据提取子单元，用于提取所述微波帧中的净荷和微波帧位置指示信 先入先出型存储器， 与数据提取子单元相连， 用于存储微波帧的净荷 和微波帧位置指示信息；  a data extraction subunit, configured to extract a payload in the microwave frame and a microwave frame position indication signal in a first-in first-out type memory, and is connected to the data extraction subunit, and is configured to store a payload of the microwave frame and a microwave frame position indication information;
标志位生成子单元， 与先入先出型存储器相连， 用于将微波帧的净荷 与所述微波帧位置指示信息进行存储时，对与帧定位信息有固定位置关系 的位置进行标记， 生成标志位； 以及  a flag generation sub-unit, connected to the first-in first-out type memory, for storing the payload of the microwave frame and the microwave frame position indication information, marking a position having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information, and generating a flag Bit;
波帧适配子单元， 与标志位生成子单元相连， 用于将存储微波帧的 净荷和微波帧位置指示信息适配到 STM-N/STS-N帧中。  The wave frame adaptation subunit is connected to the flag bit generation subunit for adapting the payload of the stored microwave frame and the microwave frame position indication information into the STM-N/STS-N frame.
3.根据权利要求 1所述微波帧适配装置， 其特征在于， 所述帧定位信 息位置再生单元包括：  The apparatus for regenerating a frame according to claim 1, wherein the frame location information location regenerating unit comprises:
标志位提取子单元， 用于提取存储的标志位； 以及  a flag bit extraction subunit for extracting stored flag bits;
帧定位信息位置再生子单元， 与标志位提取子单元相连， 用于根据所 提取的标志位及其与帧定位信息的固定位置关系， 再生帧定位信息的位 置。  The frame positioning information position regenerating subunit is connected to the flag bit extracting subunit for reproducing the position of the frame positioning information according to the extracted flag bit and its fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
4.根据权利要求 1至 3中任一项所述微波帧适配装置， 其特征在于， 所述帧定位信息包括通道踪迹字节 Jl。  The microwave frame adaptation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the frame positioning information comprises a channel trace byte J1.
5.根据权利要求 1至 3中任一项所述微波帧适配装置， 其特征在于， 所述与帧定位信息有固定位置关系的位置包括支路单元指针 VI。  The microwave frame adaptation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the position having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information comprises a branch unit pointer VI.
6.根据权利要求 1至 3中任一项所述微波帧适配装置， 其特征在于， 所述微波帧位置指示信息包括支路单元位置指示字节 H4。 The microwave frame adaptation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The microwave frame position indication information includes a tributary unit position indication byte H4.
7.—种微波帧适配方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法包括以下步骤： 获取可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的微波帧；  A method for adapting a microwave frame, the method comprising the steps of: acquiring a microwave frame that can carry a low-order service without a high-order pointer;
将所述^：波帧适配到 STM-N/STS-N帧结构中；  Adapting the ^:wave frame to the STM-N/STS-N frame structure;
在所述帧结构中通过与帧定位信息有固定位置关系的标志位再生帧 定位信息的位置。  The position of the frame positioning information is reproduced in the frame structure by a flag bit having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
8.根据权利要求 7所述微波帧适配方法， 其特征在于， 将所述微波帧 适配到 STM-N/STS-N帧结构的过程为：  The method for adapting a microwave frame according to claim 7, wherein the process of adapting the microwave frame to the STM-N/STS-N frame structure is:
提取所述微波帧中的净荷和微波帧位置指示信息 H4;  Extracting the payload and the microwave frame position indication information H4 in the microwave frame;
当存储所述微波帧的净荷与微波帧位置指示信息时，对与帧定位信息 有固定位置关系的位置进行标记， 生成标志位；  When storing the payload of the microwave frame and the microwave frame position indication information, marking a position having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information to generate a flag bit;
将所述微波帧中的净荷和微波帧位置指示信息 H4及生成的标志位适 配到 STM-N/STS-N帧中。  The payload and microwave frame position indication information H4 in the microwave frame and the generated flag bits are adapted into the STM-N/STS-N frame.
9.根据权利要求 7所述微波帧适配方法， 其特征在于， 所述再生定帧 定位信息的位置的过程为：  The microwave frame adaptation method according to claim 7, wherein the process of reproducing the position of the positioning information is:
提取所述标志位；  Extracting the flag bit;
根据所述标志位及其与帧定位信息的固定位置关系，再生帧定位信息 的位置。  The position of the frame positioning information is reproduced according to the flag bit and its fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
10.根据权利要求 9所述微波帧适配方法，其特征在于， 当出现时隙错 乱时，根据所提取的标志位及其与帧定位信息的固定位置关系重新定位帧 定位信息的位置。  The microwave frame adaptation method according to claim 9, wherein when a time slot error occurs, a position of the frame positioning information is repositioned according to the extracted flag bit and a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information.
11.根据权利要求 7至 10中任一项所述微波帧适配方法，其特征在于， 所述帧定位信息包括通道踪迹字节 J1;  The microwave frame adaptation method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the frame positioning information includes a channel trace byte J1;
与所述帧定位信息有固定位置关系的位置包括支路单元指针 VI； 所述微波帧位置指示信息包括支路单元位置指示字节 H4。  The location having a fixed positional relationship with the frame positioning information includes a tributary unit pointer VI; and the microwave frame position indication information includes a tributary unit position indication byte H4.
12.根据权利要求 7至 10中任一项所述微波帧适配方法，其特征在于， 当所述可携带低阶业务不带高阶指针的微波帧适配到 STM-1和 STM-1以 上级别的帧结构中时， 所述先入先出型存储器的深度为 3的整数倍。  The microwave frame adaptation method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein when the portable low-order service does not have a high-order pointer, the microwave frame is adapted to STM-1 and STM-1. In the frame structure of the above level, the depth of the first-in first-out memory is an integer multiple of 3.
PCT/CN2007/000705 2006-03-13 2007-03-05 A device and method for adapting microwave frame WO2007104234A1 (en)

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