WO2007102023A1 - Tracer method and apparatus - Google Patents
Tracer method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007102023A1 WO2007102023A1 PCT/GB2007/050099 GB2007050099W WO2007102023A1 WO 2007102023 A1 WO2007102023 A1 WO 2007102023A1 GB 2007050099 W GB2007050099 W GB 2007050099W WO 2007102023 A1 WO2007102023 A1 WO 2007102023A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tracer
- reservoir
- metal
- sample
- tool
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001095 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyltrioctylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000237503 Pectinidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012898 sample dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3S)-octan-3-ol Natural products CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000000921 Gadolinium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001479 atomic absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012496 blank sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012490 blank solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012482 calibration solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 crude oil Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004832 voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004846 x-ray emission Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
- E21B47/11—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using tracers; using radioactivity
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
- E21B43/117—Shaped-charge perforators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for tracing fluids, particularly fluids flowing within a well such as from an oil or gas reservoir, and to a perforation tool suitable for introducing a tracer into such a reservoir.
- tracers It is common in the oil exploration and recovery industry to place tracers within a well in order to determine the flow of fluid from the well or from a particular section of it.
- the tracer When the tracer is incorporated in the fluid flowing from the well, it may be detected in the fluid by analysis of the fluid arriving at the well-head.
- US 3,623842 describes a method of determining fluid saturations in reservoirs by injecting at least two tracers having different partition coefficients between fluid phases (e.g. oil and water) into the formation and monitoring the appearance of the two tracers in the produced fluids.
- This example uses ethyl acetate as a tracer chemical.
- Radioactive tracers have been widely used for many years in well-monitoring applications. As an example, see US 5,077,471 , in which radioactive tracers are injected into a perforated well-bore, sealed and then monitored for decay to indicate the fluid flow from the formation.
- radioactive tracers One problem encountered with the use of radioactive tracers is that their transport and use is highly regulated, leading to greater expense and difficulty with their use. In addition, it has become quite common to use tracers associated with a perforation tool, in which the tracer is fired by explosive devices located around the tool into the formation to perforate the formation and thereby to embed the tracer in the formation. Since explosive devices are also highly controlled, it has become very difficult to arrange the transport of devices incorporating both radioactive sources and explosives. Although non-radioactive tracers, i.e. chemical tracers, may be used, these require careful selection to ensure that they are sufficiently soluble in the phase to be monitored and that they are readily detectable at low concentrations.
- US 4,755,469 describes the use of rare metal tracers for tracing oil and associated reservoir fluids by mixing an oil-dispersible rare metal salt with oil or an oil-like composition, injecting the dissolved tracer composition it into a subterranean reservoir and analysing oil fluids produced from a different part of the reservoir for the presence of the rare metal to determine whether the oil mixed with the tracer has been produced from the reservoir.
- a method of monitoring the flow of fluid within or from a reservoir comprising the steps of inserting in said reservoir a solid non-radioactive tracer comprising at least one metal selected from caesium, niobium, tantalum, tellurium, terbium, lanthanum, gold, iridium, osmium, silver, platinum, palladium, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, hafnium, indium a metal of the Lanthanide series of the periodic table, or a salt thereof, thereafter collecting a sample of fluid within or flowing from the reservoir and analysing said sample to determine the amount of said tracer contained in the sample.
- the reservoir is normally a subterranean oil and/or natural gas reservoir.
- the fluid flowing within the reservoir normally contains oil, natural gas, water and solids such as sand or other particles.
- a perforation tool comprising an elongate body having a central longitudinal axis, a control means, deployment means and at least one explosive charge mounted on or within said body and associated with detonation means, said charge being arranged to direct energy explosively, outwardly, and, preferably transversely, along a path with respect to the elongate body upon detonation, and at least one tracer material mounted on or within said body within the path of said explosive energy, characterised in that the tracer material comprises at least one non-radioactive metal selected from caesium, niobium, tantalum, tellurium, terbium, lanthanum, gold, iridium, osmium, silver, platinum, palladium, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, hafnium, indium a metal of the Lanthanide series of the periodic table, or a salt thereof.
- the tracer comprises at least one non-radioactive metal selected from caesium, niobium, tantalum, tellurium, terbium, lanthanum, gold, iridium, osmium, silver, platinum, palladium, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, hafnium, indium a metal of the Lanthanide series of the periodic table, or a salt thereof.
- the metals of the Lanthanide series comprise the elements of atomic numbers from 57 to 71.
- Preferred metals include niobium, tantalum, tellurium, terbium, europium, platinum and rhodium, and especially preferred are niobium, tantalum, tellurium, terbium and europium. These metals are not naturally abundant and have a low detection limit using standard elemental analysis methods such as inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS).
- ICP-MS inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy
- the metals naturally contain more than one isotope.
- non-radioactive we mean that the metals used in the tracer do not contain a greater proportion of radioactive isotopes than found in the naturally occurring metal, i.e. they have not been enriched with radioactive isotopes.
- Some of the metals may contain unstable radioactive isotopes in their natural state but the emission of radioactivity is very low, and they are unsuitable for use as radioactive tracers at the dilutions typically used without enrichment with one or more radioactive isotopes.
- a metal is treated, e.g.
- the metals used in the tracers of the present inventive method may have a composition of isotopes which is not naturally occurring, by enrichment with one or more stable non-radioactive isotopes to assist identification of the metal, particularly by mass-spectrometry.
- the tracer or tracers may be formed of the selected metal or metals in elemental form.
- the tracer may be supplied as salts of the metals.
- inorganic anions are preferred, particularly, a low-mass anion such as nitride or carbide in order to increase the amount of tracer metal in a given mass of tracer composition.
- a tracer in elemental form may be conveniently supplied as a discrete tracer unit such as a disc, wire or rod or as a coating for placement in or attachment to a reservoir perforator gun (perforation tool).
- the tracer metal may be moulded to fit around an explosive charge.
- the salts may be supplied as pressed discs or in another form. More than one metal may be used in a tracer. When more than one metal is used as a tracer they may be simply mixed or alloyed. Alternatively more than one discrete tracer unit, e.g. metallic disc, may be used in the same location or different tracers may be placed in different locations.
- the tracer may take the physical form of a moulded metal shape such as a disc, wire or rod or may comprise finely divided particles of metal or as a salt of the metal.
- the particles may be formed into a shape, such as a tablet or disk, e.g. by pressing, extruding, granulating or other method, optionally using a binder.
- the tablet may further comprise other materials such as a diluent (i.e. a non-traceable material) to add mass, and/or a dispersant to aid dispersal and / or dissolution of the particles into the fluid to be traced.
- the tablet or other shape may be encased in a protective coating, preferably of a soluble or permeable material.
- a tracer metal For insertion of a tracer by means of a perforator gun, it is preferred to form the tracer metal into a disc for placement into a perforation gun apparatus, either in an external scallop or in close proximity to the explosive charge.
- a disc may contain from about 0.1 g - 2Og especially 5 - 20 g of metal, preferably from about 8 to 12 g.
- the tracer may be associated with each explosive charge or only some of them.
- the amount of tracer used in a well section provides from about 20 to about 500 g (more preferably between about 50 and 200 g) of tracer metal.
- the sample of fluid may be taken from the top of the well or may be withdrawn from within a well using a suitable well tool.
- the sample may be analysed by any suitable means to determine the amount of tracer present.
- suitable methods for the detection and measurement of metals in a sample by elemental analysis There are many suitable methods for the detection and measurement of metals in a sample by elemental analysis.
- One suitable method is inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) calibrated for the metal used in the tracer.
- the collected fluid sample may be aspirated into the plasma, optionally after a treatment to separate the phases or to concentrate the sample.
- the sample is a hydrocarbon such as crude oil
- the sample may be ashed and then extracted into acid which may then be introduced into the plasma.
- ICP-AES Inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
- ICP-AES is also a suitable elemental analysis method to determine the metal tracer content of the sample.
- a complexing agent maintains the tracer metals in solution and avoids loss of tracer on surfaces within the analytical apparatus. When metal tracers stick to surfaces within the apparatus, they may be leached into successive samples passing through the apparatus and lead to inaccurate estimates of tracer within the sample.
- Any suitable complexing agent may be used, provided it does not interfere with the analysis of the tracers and forms a stable complex with the metal in the selected solvent. Suitable complexing agents include quaternary ammonium compounds.
- quaternary ammonium compounds having long-chain or bulky alkyl groups are very suitable, for example methyltrioctylammonium chloride, sold commercially as ALIQUATTM 336.
- an internal standard is added to the sample which is believed to contain the tracer and diluted with a solvent containing a complexing agent.
- the resulting solution is then analysed by ICP-MS configured for organics operation.
- X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy may be used to determine the amount of fluorescence emitted by the sample at one or more characteristic frequencies when irradiated by X-rays. All of these methods are widely used in analysis and may be operated by the skilled person in a suitable manner. Alternative methods of elemental analysis may also be used, as would be known to the skilled analyst. Such methods may include chemical analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, the use of metal sensitive electrodes, voltammetry etc but these methods are likely to be less sensitive than the preferred instrumental analysis methods described above and so are less preferred. It is preferred to analyse a blank sample from the well (i.e.
- the sample preparation may differ from that used for an organic sample; e.g. by evaporating the sample rather than ashing.
- the above-described methods are generally capable of quantitatively determining the amount of metal found in a sample, with suitable calibration.
- the tracer technique itself may not be quantitative because, especially when the tracer is forced into the reservoir formation by a perforation gun, at least some of the metal may stick to the formation in an unpredictable manner. Therefore the method may be most useful for determining the presence or absence of flow from a particular region of the reservoir.
- the tracer method of the invention may be varied according to conventional methodologies used in the industry. Therefore, two or more tracers may be combined in a predetermined ratio in order to produce a unique tracer composition for marking a particular well or section of a well. It may be desired to determine the flow of tracer from a particular part of a well or reservoir. In this case a single reservoir may be marked by inserting different tracers or combinations of tracers in different locations in order to determine the part of the reservoir from which a particular sample has originated or flowed through.
- the tracer may be inserted in the reservoir by one or more different methods.
- a preferred method comprises associating the tracer with a part of a perforation tool or perforation gun.
- the placement of tracers into the formation using a perforation tool (also known as a perforation gun) is already known.
- a perforation tool is used in the oil and gas drilling, exploration and recovery industry for perforating a well, i.e. for forming channels or perforations extending from a well-bore into the reservoir formation. Each channel or perforation is formed by detonating an explosive charge carried on a tool located in the well.
- the explosive energy is directed into the well casing (if the well has been cased) or the side of the well to penetrate the formation so that the well casing or well bore side is perforated allowing communication with the formation in the region of the tool.
- the perforations form channels through which reservoir fluids may flow out of the formation and into the well bore, thereby to flow to the surface of the well for recovery.
- Perforation tools vary in their size and design according to the result they are to achieve and any description herein of perforation tools is given as general background and not intended to limit the invention. Perforation tools are equipment already known and used in the oil exploration industry, and so a skilled designer of such tools is able to construct a tool suitable for use in the present invention.
- the tool is typically of generally cylindrical shape and has a length typically of between about 0.5 and about 10 metres.
- the perforation tool carries more than one charge, usually arranged around the circumference of the tool or gun.
- the number of charges carried on a perforation tool varies but typically may be between about 2 and about 12 charges per foot (300 mm), normally arranged in a pattern, e.g. approximately helically, along the length of the tool.
- the explosive charge, detonation means, deployment means and control means comprise materials and apparatus which are known in the industry.
- the charge is normally shaped to direct the explosive energy along the desired path relative to the body of the perforation tool.
- the detonator is usually an electrically operated detonator.
- Control means may comprise a microprocessor and associated control program mounted within the perforation tool or an associated tool or the tool may be controlled directly by means of signals carried to the tool from an operator, normally located at the head of the well.
- the signals may be carried along a cable connecting the tool and the well-head.
- the tool is normally deployed by lowering it down a well suspended on a wire or string before, during or after completion of a well.
- the tool generally has an outer sleeve covering the explosive charges.
- the tracer When a perforation tool is used to insert tracer into a formation, the tracer may be placed into indentations or "scallops" formed in the outer sleeve, usually directly over one or more of the explosive charges carried by the tool.
- the tracer compounds may be held in place by an adhesive or a covering film, such as an epoxy resin covering.
- the tracer compounds may be located within the outer sleeve or casing of the perforation tool, for example in contact with an inner sleeve within the gun. It is preferred that the tracer materials are not placed in contact with the explosive charges in order to avoid destabilising the charges by redirecting the angle of the blast.
- the tracer is therefore placed spaced away from the charge in the path of the blast so that at least some of the tracer material is carried into the reservoir formation with the explosive gases when the charge is detonated. It is likely that some of the tracer is vaporised in the explosion and then condenses within the formation. At least some of the tracer particles are then carried out of the formation with the flow of fluids released by the perforation of the formation by the explosive charge.
- the tracer or tracers may be placed in the gun or perforation tool in the form of shaped units as described hereinbefore or coated onto a part of a perforator gun. Alternatively the tracer metal may be moulded to fit around an explosive charge.
- a metal salt tracer may be selected to be soluble in the fluid which is to be traced.
- an oil-soluble metal salt may be selected, e.g. a salt of an organic acid, particularly a long-chain fatty acid.
- a water-soluble salt of the tracer metal(s) such as a sulphate, nitrate or halide.
- a solid tracer comprising a soluble salt of the metal is placed in the well and is then dissolved in the water flowing within the well.
- the method of the invention is for the placement of solid tracers comprising nonradioactive metals in a reservoir for tracing the flow of fluids in and from a well bored into the reservoir. It is known from US 5,711 ,900 and US 6,001 ,280 to use as a tracer a solution of a gadolinium salt of a carboxylic acid. The deployment of tracer solutions as disclosed in those references is not within the scope of the present invention.
- Figure 1 a graph showing the concentration of Nb and Ta found in a sample of reservoir fluids against time when the sample was taken.
- 1 ⁇ g/ml stock standards were prepared by diluting 50 ⁇ l aliquots of the 1000 ⁇ g/ml and 500 ⁇ l of the 100 ⁇ g/ml ICP standards to 50 ml with stock standard dilution solution.
- Y + Tl internal standard A 0.1 mg/ml combined standard was the prepared by combining 1 ml aliquots of stock solutions 1 , 2 and 3 and diluting to 10 ml with stock standard dilution solution.
- Instrumentation ICP-MS, Thermo X Series Il fitted with organics kit, peltier cooled spray chamber, micromist low flow nebuliser (Glass Expansion), extra mass flow controller for addition of oxygen into the plasma and platinum cones. The instrument was initially set up with a standard aqueous introduction system and a detector cross-calibration and full system tune were preformed. An instrument performance check was then performed to confirm that the instrument was performing within the manufacturers acceptance limits.
- the organics kit was then fitted and the instrument stabilised on isopropanol.
- a blank solution containing internal standard was aspirated.
- the oxygen flow was adjusted until the green carbon emission was removed and the ICP-MS optics were then optimised on the low and high mass internal standards.
- High level calibration standards were prepared by combining aliquots of stock solutions 1 , 2 and 3, plus 500 ⁇ l of internal std solution and 1 g of base oil and diluting to 10 g with sample dilution solution.
- Low level calibration standards were prepared by adding aliquots of the 0.1 ⁇ g/ml combined standard, 1 g of base oil and 500 ⁇ l of internal std solution and diluting to 10 g with sample dilution solution.
- the instrument was calibrated using the prepared high-level and low-level calibration standards. Instrument response was linear over the calibration range 0 - 20 ng/g with a relative standard deviation of less than 2%.
- the detection limits for the metals was determined as 3x standard deviation (limit of detection, LOD) and 10x standard deviation (limit of quantification, LOQ) of the results of ten repeated determinations of a measuring a 100 pg/g standard solution.
- LOD limit of detection
- LOQ limit of quantification
- the concentration of each of the metals found in the background i.e. the un-spiked sample
- concentration of each of the metals found in the background is shown together with the percentage of added metal tracer found in the spiked sample after subtraction of the background level.
- the results show that recovery of the metal tracer elements was between 80 and 1 10 %. Values greater than 100% are believed to be caused by the spiked sample responding better in the plasma than the calibration samples, an effect which may be due to the different viscosity of the sample and calibration solutions.
- 12g of niobium carbide powder was mixed with a microcrystalline wax binder and formed into 40 disk-shaped tablets, each approximately 10mm diameter and 2mm thick by pressing.
- the tablets were placed into indentations, known as scallops, in the outer surface of the casing of a perforation tool and covered in an epoxy material.
- a second batch of 40 tablets containing a total of 12g of tantalum carbide mixed with the wax binder was prepared in the same way and the tablets were placed into the scallops of a second perforation tool.
- the perforation tools were of a standard type, each being provided with a plurality of explosive charges arranged to fire outwardly from the perforation tool in a predetermined direction upon operation of the tool.
- the perforation tools were placed down a well into different locations in the formation of an oil reservoir and fired to perforate the formation. When the reservoir fluids had reached the surface, samples of the reservoir fluid were collected every 30 minutes. The samples were later analysed using the ICP-MS method described above. The results are plotted in Figure 1 as the concentration of Nb and Ta found in a sample against time when the sample was taken. The plot shows that both Nb and Ta have been detected confirming that both perforation tools fired and that fluid is flowing up the well from the locations of each of the perforation tools.
Landscapes
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
- Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
- Telephone Function (AREA)
- Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2007222221A AU2007222221B2 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-03-05 | Tracer method and apparatus |
NZ569759A NZ569759A (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-03-05 | Tracer method and apparatus comprising a non-radioactive metal tracer and perforation tool |
CA002636988A CA2636988A1 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-03-05 | Tracer method and apparatus |
EP07712982A EP1991759B1 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-03-05 | Tracer method and apparatus |
BRPI0708570-2A BRPI0708570A2 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-03-05 | tracing method and apparatus |
MX2008011399A MX2008011399A (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-03-05 | Tracer method and apparatus. |
DK07712982.3T DK1991759T3 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-03-05 | Tracer method and apparatus |
DE602007009806T DE602007009806D1 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-03-05 | PURSUIT PROCEDURE AND DEVICE |
US12/281,848 US20090025470A1 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-03-05 | Tracer method and apparatus |
AT07712982T ATE484651T1 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-03-05 | TRACKING METHOD AND APPARATUS |
EA200870324A EA012563B1 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-03-05 | Tracer method and apparatus |
NO20083437A NO20083437L (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2008-08-05 | Tracer methods and equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0604451.5 | 2006-03-06 | ||
GBGB0604451.5A GB0604451D0 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2006-03-06 | Tracer method and apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007102023A1 true WO2007102023A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
Family
ID=36219191
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2007/050099 WO2007102023A1 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-03-05 | Tracer method and apparatus |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090025470A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1991759B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101384794A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE484651T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2007222221B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0708570A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2636988A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602007009806D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1991759T3 (en) |
EA (1) | EA012563B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB0604451D0 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2008011399A (en) |
NO (1) | NO20083437L (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ569759A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007102023A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200806458B (en) |
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009077758A1 (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2009-06-25 | Lux Innovate Limited | Compositions and methods for monitoring flow through fluid conducting and containment systems |
WO2011076874A1 (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2011-06-30 | Total Sa | Use of nanoparticles for labelling oil field injection waters |
EP2372331A1 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-05 | PRAD Research and Development Limited | System and method for determining incursion of water in a well |
WO2012175669A1 (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-12-27 | Total Sa | Tracer fluids with a memory effect for the study of an oil deposit |
US8596354B2 (en) | 2010-04-02 | 2013-12-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Detection of tracers used in hydrocarbon wells |
FR2999223A1 (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-13 | Total Sa | FLUORESCENT PLOTTERS FOR MARKING PETROLEUM FIELD INJECTION WATER |
US9010421B2 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2015-04-21 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Flowpath identification and characterization |
WO2015075197A1 (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-28 | Degroote Jacques | Method of chemical marking of batches of carbon dioxide in order to ensure traceability |
US9422793B2 (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2016-08-23 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Erosion tracer and monitoring system and methodology |
NO20150888A1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-09 | Inst Energiteknik | Tracers |
WO2017005882A1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-12 | Institutt For Energiteknikk | Tracers |
EP3014064B1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2018-03-21 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Well liner |
EP3354683A1 (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2018-08-01 | Curt-Engelhorn-Zentrum Archäometrie gGmbH | Mixture of substances for determining the origin of materials |
US10260333B2 (en) | 2013-09-17 | 2019-04-16 | Total E&P Danmark A/S | System and a method for determining inflow distribution in an openhole completed well |
US10620107B2 (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2020-04-14 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Determining fluid reservoir connectivity using nanowire probes |
US20210047903A1 (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-02-18 | Allied-Horizontal Wireline Services | Deploying Fluid Tracer Material with a Perforating Gun |
US10995610B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2021-05-04 | Ypf Technologia S.A. | Nanotracer for oil recovery and method of preparation thereof |
US11193368B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2021-12-07 | Ypf Tecnologia S.A. | Nanotracer for oil recovery comprising an occluded polynucleotide and method of preparation thereof |
Families Citing this family (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2542759A4 (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2015-11-18 | Peter E Rose | Colloidal-crystal quantum dots as tracers in underground formations |
US20110257887A1 (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2011-10-20 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Utilization of tracers in hydrocarbon wells |
US20130087329A1 (en) | 2011-10-05 | 2013-04-11 | Johnson Mathey Plc | Method of tracing flow of hydrocarbon from a subterranean reservoir |
EP3597720A3 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2020-04-22 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method of using controlled release tracers |
CN102587896B (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2015-08-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Machinery water detection water blockoff is tested and is altered combined string |
CN103132986B (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2016-06-15 | 中联煤层气国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 | A kind of method of the Liquid output of the different reservoir measuring coal bed gas well |
GB201315848D0 (en) | 2013-09-05 | 2013-10-23 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Tracer and method |
US9594070B2 (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2017-03-14 | Spectrum Tracer Services, Llc | Method using halogenated benzoic acid esters and aldehydes for hydraulic fracturing and for tracing petroleum production |
CN105756670B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2019-06-18 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | High water cut horizontal well outlet part Bit Parity element labeled test method |
CN103643942B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-02-17 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | High water cut horizontal well outlet part Bit Parity element labeled test method |
CN105735975B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2019-04-23 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | High water cut horizontal well outlet part Bit Parity element labeled test method |
US9322269B2 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2016-04-26 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Use of long chain alcohols, ketones and organic acids as tracers |
US9297252B2 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2016-03-29 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Use of long chain amines and difunctional compounds as tracers |
US9303497B2 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2016-04-05 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Use of long chain alcohols, ketones and organic acids as tracers |
WO2016154334A1 (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | Weatherford Technology Holdings, LLC. | Apparatus for carrying chemical tracers on downhole tubulars, wellscreens, and the like |
GB2540162B (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2018-02-21 | Inst Energiteknik | Tracers |
US10641083B2 (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2020-05-05 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Method of monitoring fluid flow from a reservoir using well treatment agents |
US10413966B2 (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2019-09-17 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Nanoparticles having magnetic core encapsulated by carbon shell and composites of the same |
US11254861B2 (en) | 2017-07-13 | 2022-02-22 | Baker Hughes Holdings Llc | Delivery system for oil-soluble well treatment agents and methods of using the same |
GB201715109D0 (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-11-01 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Release system and method |
US10760411B2 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2020-09-01 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Passive wellbore monitoring with tracers |
CN109667574B (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2022-07-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Metal ion tracer for multi-section fracturing and application thereof |
EP3704206A1 (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2020-09-09 | Baker Hughes Holdings Llc | Treatment methods using aqueous fluids containing oil-soluble treatment agents |
CN111236905A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2020-06-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for testing horizontal well output profile |
US11326440B2 (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2022-05-10 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Instrumented couplings |
CN110749642A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-04 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Tracer element concentration detection method for steam generator humidity measurement test |
US10961444B1 (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2021-03-30 | Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc | Method of using coated composites containing delayed release agent in a well treatment operation |
CN111980639B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-10-14 | 青岛大地新能源技术研究院 | Oil layer tracing monitoring method based on cooperation of perforation and tracer and tracing perforating bullet |
CN112324431B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2023-01-10 | 四川瑞都石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Multi-spectral-band high-resolution intelligent production test method for oil and gas well |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3623842A (en) | 1969-12-29 | 1971-11-30 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Method of determining fluid saturations in reservoirs |
US4755469A (en) | 1982-09-27 | 1988-07-05 | Union Oil Company Of California | Oil tracing method |
EP0321198A1 (en) * | 1987-12-14 | 1989-06-21 | Halliburton Company | Radioactive shaped charges and method for well perforating |
US5077471A (en) | 1990-09-10 | 1991-12-31 | Halliburton Logging Services, Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring horizontal fluid flow in downhole formations using injected radioactive tracer monitoring |
EP0816631A2 (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-07 | Norsk Hydro ASA | Method for the determination of inflow of oil and/or gas into a well |
US20040162224A1 (en) * | 2002-04-18 | 2004-08-19 | Nguyen Philip D. | Method of tracking fluids produced from various zones in subterranean well |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3508875A (en) * | 1967-10-03 | 1970-04-28 | Union Oil Co | Method for tracing the flow of water in subterranean formations |
US3799261A (en) * | 1972-04-12 | 1974-03-26 | Exxon Production Research Co | Technique for measuring fluid drift |
US3993131A (en) * | 1975-11-03 | 1976-11-23 | Cities Service Company | Tracing flow of petroleum in underground reservoirs |
US4168746A (en) * | 1978-03-02 | 1979-09-25 | Continental Oil Company | Single well surfactant test to evaluate surfactant floods using multi tracer method |
FR2473180A1 (en) * | 1980-01-08 | 1981-07-10 | Petroles Cie Francaise | METHOD OF TRACING THE DRILLING MUD BY DETERMINING THE CONCENTRATION OF A SOLUBLE ION |
US4879181B1 (en) * | 1982-02-09 | 1994-01-11 | Carbo Ceramics Inc. | Sintered spherical pellets containing clay as a major component useful for gas and oil well proppants |
US4742873A (en) * | 1985-05-06 | 1988-05-10 | Mitchell Energy Corporation | Subterranean flood tracer process |
US5246861A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1993-09-21 | Conoco Inc. | Use of nonradioactive complex metal anion as tracer in subterranean reservoirs |
US5711900A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1998-01-27 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Gadolinium compounds for use as oil-soluble tracers |
NO20002137A (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2001-04-09 | Sinvent As | Reservoir monitoring using chemically intelligent tracer release |
US6912898B2 (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-07-05 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Use of cesium as a tracer in coring operations |
WO2005103446A1 (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2005-11-03 | Carbo Ceramics, Inc. | Tagged propping agents and related methods |
US7373813B2 (en) * | 2006-02-21 | 2008-05-20 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method and apparatus for ion-selective discrimination of fluids downhole |
-
2006
- 2006-03-06 GB GBGB0604451.5A patent/GB0604451D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2007
- 2007-03-05 MX MX2008011399A patent/MX2008011399A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-03-05 BR BRPI0708570-2A patent/BRPI0708570A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-03-05 AT AT07712982T patent/ATE484651T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-03-05 CA CA002636988A patent/CA2636988A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-03-05 EP EP07712982A patent/EP1991759B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-03-05 US US12/281,848 patent/US20090025470A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-03-05 AU AU2007222221A patent/AU2007222221B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-03-05 WO PCT/GB2007/050099 patent/WO2007102023A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-03-05 DK DK07712982.3T patent/DK1991759T3/en active
- 2007-03-05 EA EA200870324A patent/EA012563B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-03-05 NZ NZ569759A patent/NZ569759A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-03-05 DE DE602007009806T patent/DE602007009806D1/en active Active
- 2007-03-05 CN CNA200780005601XA patent/CN101384794A/en active Pending
-
2008
- 2008-07-24 ZA ZA200806458A patent/ZA200806458B/en unknown
- 2008-08-05 NO NO20083437A patent/NO20083437L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3623842A (en) | 1969-12-29 | 1971-11-30 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Method of determining fluid saturations in reservoirs |
US4755469A (en) | 1982-09-27 | 1988-07-05 | Union Oil Company Of California | Oil tracing method |
EP0321198A1 (en) * | 1987-12-14 | 1989-06-21 | Halliburton Company | Radioactive shaped charges and method for well perforating |
US5077471A (en) | 1990-09-10 | 1991-12-31 | Halliburton Logging Services, Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring horizontal fluid flow in downhole formations using injected radioactive tracer monitoring |
EP0816631A2 (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-07 | Norsk Hydro ASA | Method for the determination of inflow of oil and/or gas into a well |
US20040162224A1 (en) * | 2002-04-18 | 2004-08-19 | Nguyen Philip D. | Method of tracking fluids produced from various zones in subterranean well |
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009077758A1 (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2009-06-25 | Lux Innovate Limited | Compositions and methods for monitoring flow through fluid conducting and containment systems |
GB2489363A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2012-09-26 | Total Sa | Use of nanoparticles for labelling oil field injection waters |
WO2011076874A1 (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2011-06-30 | Total Sa | Use of nanoparticles for labelling oil field injection waters |
FR2954796A1 (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2011-07-01 | Total Sa | USE OF NANOPARTICLES FOR THE MARKING OF PETROLEUM FIELD INJECTION WATER |
GB2489363B (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2015-12-30 | Total Sa | Use of nanoparticles for the labelling of injection waters of oilfields |
US8230731B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2012-07-31 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System and method for determining incursion of water in a well |
EP2372331A1 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-05 | PRAD Research and Development Limited | System and method for determining incursion of water in a well |
US8596354B2 (en) | 2010-04-02 | 2013-12-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Detection of tracers used in hydrocarbon wells |
US9422793B2 (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2016-08-23 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Erosion tracer and monitoring system and methodology |
WO2012175669A1 (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-12-27 | Total Sa | Tracer fluids with a memory effect for the study of an oil deposit |
FR2976967A1 (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-12-28 | Total Sa | TRACER FLUIDS WITH MEMORY EFFECT FOR THE STUDY OF A PETROLEUM FACILITY |
US9010421B2 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2015-04-21 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Flowpath identification and characterization |
FR2999223A1 (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-13 | Total Sa | FLUORESCENT PLOTTERS FOR MARKING PETROLEUM FIELD INJECTION WATER |
WO2014091144A3 (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-11-27 | Total Sa | Fluorescent tracers for marking oilfield injection waters |
EP3014064B1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2018-03-21 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Well liner |
EP3404203B1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2021-01-06 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Well liner |
US10260333B2 (en) | 2013-09-17 | 2019-04-16 | Total E&P Danmark A/S | System and a method for determining inflow distribution in an openhole completed well |
WO2015075197A1 (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-28 | Degroote Jacques | Method of chemical marking of batches of carbon dioxide in order to ensure traceability |
US10408808B2 (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2019-09-10 | Jacques DEGROOTE | Method of chemical marking of batches of carbon dioxide in order to ensure traceability |
US10620107B2 (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2020-04-14 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Determining fluid reservoir connectivity using nanowire probes |
NO343467B1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2019-03-18 | Inst Energiteknik | Tracers |
WO2017005882A1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-12 | Institutt For Energiteknikk | Tracers |
NO20150888A1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-09 | Inst Energiteknik | Tracers |
EP3354683A1 (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2018-08-01 | Curt-Engelhorn-Zentrum Archäometrie gGmbH | Mixture of substances for determining the origin of materials |
US10995610B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2021-05-04 | Ypf Technologia S.A. | Nanotracer for oil recovery and method of preparation thereof |
US11193368B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2021-12-07 | Ypf Tecnologia S.A. | Nanotracer for oil recovery comprising an occluded polynucleotide and method of preparation thereof |
US20210047903A1 (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-02-18 | Allied-Horizontal Wireline Services | Deploying Fluid Tracer Material with a Perforating Gun |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE484651T1 (en) | 2010-10-15 |
BRPI0708570A2 (en) | 2011-05-31 |
NZ569759A (en) | 2012-03-30 |
CN101384794A (en) | 2009-03-11 |
CA2636988A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
AU2007222221A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
AU2007222221B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
ZA200806458B (en) | 2009-11-25 |
EP1991759B1 (en) | 2010-10-13 |
DK1991759T3 (en) | 2011-01-10 |
EA012563B1 (en) | 2009-10-30 |
MX2008011399A (en) | 2008-09-22 |
EP1991759A1 (en) | 2008-11-19 |
GB0604451D0 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
US20090025470A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
DE602007009806D1 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
EA200870324A1 (en) | 2008-12-30 |
NO20083437L (en) | 2008-09-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1991759B1 (en) | Tracer method and apparatus | |
US8230731B2 (en) | System and method for determining incursion of water in a well | |
US5182051A (en) | Raioactive tracing with particles | |
US5929437A (en) | Encapsulated radioactive tracer | |
US7530265B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for elemental analysis of a fluid downhole | |
US5243190A (en) | Radioactive tracing with particles | |
US9575206B2 (en) | Downhole evaluation with neutron activation measurement | |
Ketterer et al. | Resolving global versus local/regional Pu sources in the environment using sector ICP-MS | |
EP3669216B1 (en) | Identifying oil and gas reservoirs with oxygen isotopes | |
US20160123096A1 (en) | In-situ mining of ores from subsurface formations | |
Neymark et al. | Consequences of slow growth for 230Th/U dating of Quaternary opals, Yucca Mountain, NV, USA | |
WO2018071029A1 (en) | Gas isotope analysis | |
CN107023286A (en) | Depth/orientation detection instrument and depth/orientation detection | |
US11028687B2 (en) | Tracers and trackers in a perf ball | |
US20230141596A1 (en) | Multifunctional fluorescent tags for subterranean applications | |
CN112761618B (en) | Horizontal oil well liquid production profile testing method | |
US3566979A (en) | Formation marking system | |
CN112761623A (en) | Method for selecting marker for oil field logging | |
CN114922616A (en) | Method for determining the inflow profile of oil and gas production wells by marker diagnostics | |
McLain et al. | Independent confirmation of fluvial reworking at a Lance Formation (Maastrichtian) bonebed by traditional and chemical taphonomic analyses | |
CN112761619B (en) | Horizontal oil well liquid production profile calculation method | |
Gascoyne | Chlorine isotopes and their application to groundwater dating at Olkiluoto | |
CA2440306A1 (en) | Oil well perforator liner with high proportion of heavy metal | |
Zuklic et al. | Innovation in Reservoir-Driven Shaped Charges Enhances Productivity | |
Frus et al. | A Comparison of Groundwater Sampling Technologies, Including Passive Diffusion Sampling, for Radionuclide Contamination-20205 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2636988 Country of ref document: CA Ref document number: 569759 Country of ref document: NZ |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007222221 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007712982 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200780005601.X Country of ref document: CN |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2007222221 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20070305 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2007222221 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: MX/a/2008/011399 Country of ref document: MX Ref document number: 12281848 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 8233/DELNP/2008 Country of ref document: IN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200870324 Country of ref document: EA |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: PI0708570 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20080904 |