WO2007100941A3 - Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap - Google Patents

Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007100941A3
WO2007100941A3 PCT/US2007/060871 US2007060871W WO2007100941A3 WO 2007100941 A3 WO2007100941 A3 WO 2007100941A3 US 2007060871 W US2007060871 W US 2007060871W WO 2007100941 A3 WO2007100941 A3 WO 2007100941A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrodes
separation
closely spaced
electricity
uniform gap
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/060871
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2007100941A2 (en
Inventor
Tarek Makansi
Original Assignee
Tempronics Inc
Tarek Makansi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/344,622 external-priority patent/US7456543B2/en
Application filed by Tempronics Inc, Tarek Makansi filed Critical Tempronics Inc
Priority to US12/302,782 priority Critical patent/US8018117B2/en
Priority to EP07756398A priority patent/EP1984625A4/en
Priority to BRPI0708014-0A priority patent/BRPI0708014A2/en
Priority to JP2008553443A priority patent/JP2009525620A/en
Publication of WO2007100941A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007100941A2/en
Publication of WO2007100941A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007100941A3/en
Priority to US13/227,173 priority patent/US20120060882A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J45/00—Discharge tubes functioning as thermionic generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N10/00—Electric motors using thermal effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/88—Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating of electrodes or of electrode assemblies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J21/00—Vacuum tubes
    • H01J21/02—Tubes with a single discharge path
    • H01J21/06—Tubes with a single discharge path having electrostatic control means only
    • H01J21/08—Tubes with a single discharge path having electrostatic control means only with movable electrode or electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/003—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using thermionic electron cooling effects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

An improved design for maintaining separation between electrodes 1, 2 in tunneling, diode, thermionic, thermophotovoltaic and other devices is disclosed. At least one electrode 1 is made from flexible material. A magnetic field B is present to combine with the current flowing in the flexible electrode 1 and generate a force F that counterbalances the electrostatic force or other attracting forces between the electrodes. The balancing of forces allows the separation and parallelism between the electrodes to be maintained at a very small spacing without requiring the use of multiple control systems, actuators, or other manipulating means, or spacers. The shape of one or both electrodes is designed to maintain a constant separation over the entire overlapping area of the electrodes 1,2. The end result is an electronic device that maintains two closely spaced parallel electrodes 1,2 in stable equilibrium with a uniform gap therebetween over a large area in a simple configuration for simplified manufacturability and use to convert heat to electricity or electricity to cooling.
PCT/US2007/060871 2006-01-31 2007-01-22 Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap WO2007100941A2 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/302,782 US8018117B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2007-01-22 Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap
EP07756398A EP1984625A4 (en) 2006-01-31 2007-01-22 Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap
BRPI0708014-0A BRPI0708014A2 (en) 2006-01-31 2007-01-22 closely spaced electrodes with a uniform space
JP2008553443A JP2009525620A (en) 2006-01-31 2007-01-22 Proximity electrode with uniform gap
US13/227,173 US20120060882A1 (en) 2006-01-31 2011-09-07 Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/344,622 2006-01-31
US11/344,622 US7456543B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2006-01-31 Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap
US84126206P 2006-08-30 2006-08-30
US60/841,262 2006-08-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007100941A2 WO2007100941A2 (en) 2007-09-07
WO2007100941A3 true WO2007100941A3 (en) 2009-05-28

Family

ID=38459700

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2007/060871 WO2007100941A2 (en) 2006-01-31 2007-01-22 Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1984625A4 (en)
JP (1) JP2009525620A (en)
KR (1) KR20080091783A (en)
BR (1) BRPI0708014A2 (en)
WO (1) WO2007100941A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010503219A (en) * 2006-08-30 2010-01-28 テンプロニクス，インコーポレイテッド Proximity electrode with uniform gap
US9596944B2 (en) 2011-07-06 2017-03-21 Tempronics, Inc. Integration of distributed thermoelectric heating and cooling
WO2015066518A1 (en) 2013-11-04 2015-05-07 Tempronics, Inc. Design of thermoelectric string, panel, and covers for function and durability
KR102048200B1 (en) * 2017-11-17 2019-11-25 한국에너지기술연구원 Stacked-type alkali metal thermoelectric converter
AT520858A1 (en) * 2018-01-30 2019-08-15 Gerald Boehm Apparatus and method for forming a temperature gradient

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6064137A (en) * 1996-03-06 2000-05-16 Borealis Technical Limited Method and apparatus for a vacuum thermionic converter with thin film carbonaceous field emission
US20050184603A1 (en) * 2001-08-28 2005-08-25 Martsinovsky Artemi M. Thermotunnel converter with spacers between the electrodes
US6946596B2 (en) * 2002-09-13 2005-09-20 Kucherov Yan R Tunneling-effect energy converters
US7140102B2 (en) * 2001-09-02 2006-11-28 Borealis Technical Limited Electrode sandwich separation

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU9225098A (en) * 1997-09-08 1999-03-29 Borealis Technical Limited Diode device
US6494048B1 (en) * 2002-04-11 2002-12-17 International Business Machines Corporation Assembly of quantum cold point thermoelectric coolers using magnets
US7305839B2 (en) * 2004-06-30 2007-12-11 General Electric Company Thermal transfer device and system and method incorporating same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6064137A (en) * 1996-03-06 2000-05-16 Borealis Technical Limited Method and apparatus for a vacuum thermionic converter with thin film carbonaceous field emission
US20050184603A1 (en) * 2001-08-28 2005-08-25 Martsinovsky Artemi M. Thermotunnel converter with spacers between the electrodes
US7140102B2 (en) * 2001-09-02 2006-11-28 Borealis Technical Limited Electrode sandwich separation
US6946596B2 (en) * 2002-09-13 2005-09-20 Kucherov Yan R Tunneling-effect energy converters

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ENIKOV ET AL.: "Analysis of Nanometer Vacuum Gap Formation in Thermo-tunneling Devices", NANOTECHNOLOGY, vol. 19, 31 January 2008 (2008-01-31), XP020129831 *
See also references of EP1984625A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1984625A2 (en) 2008-10-29
WO2007100941A2 (en) 2007-09-07
EP1984625A4 (en) 2010-11-10
BRPI0708014A2 (en) 2011-05-17
JP2009525620A (en) 2009-07-09
KR20080091783A (en) 2008-10-14

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