WO2007079638A1 - Système relais, appareil de relais et procédé de relais pour un accès sans fil à large bande - Google Patents

Système relais, appareil de relais et procédé de relais pour un accès sans fil à large bande Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007079638A1
WO2007079638A1 PCT/CN2006/002964 CN2006002964W WO2007079638A1 WO 2007079638 A1 WO2007079638 A1 WO 2007079638A1 CN 2006002964 W CN2006002964 W CN 2006002964W WO 2007079638 A1 WO2007079638 A1 WO 2007079638A1
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Prior art keywords
transit
node
space
coding
data
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PCT/CN2006/002964
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Ruobin Zheng
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Publication of WO2007079638A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007079638A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
    • H04B7/15528—Control of operation parameters of a relay station to exploit the physical medium
    • H04B7/15542—Selecting at relay station its transmit and receive resources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H04B7/026—Co-operative diversity, e.g. using fixed or mobile stations as relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
    • H04B7/15557—Selecting relay station operation mode, e.g. between amplify and forward mode, decode and forward mode or FDD - and TDD mode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
    • H04B7/15592—Adapting at the relay station communication parameters for supporting cooperative relaying, i.e. transmission of the same data via direct - and relayed path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a broadband wireless access system, and more particularly to a transit system for a broadband wireless access, a relay device, and a relay method for implementing broadband wireless access.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Broadband wireless access technology has attracted widespread attention in recent years. Compared with other broadband access technologies, broadband wireless access systems have low investment, short construction period, and fast service, and have many advantages.
  • IEEE 802, 16 is the first broadband wireless access standard, mainly in two versions: 802.16 standard broadband fixed wireless access version "802.16-2004" and 802.16 standard broadband mobile wireless access version "802.16e”.
  • 802.16-2004 only defines two types of network elements, BS and SS; 802.16e also defines only two network elements, BS and mobile subscriber station (Mobile SS, referred to as "MSS").
  • MSS mobile subscriber station
  • the 802.16 Multihop Relay SG only proposes the concept of WiMAX relay station ("RS").
  • RS WiMAX relay station
  • One of the important functions is to transfer between the BS and the SS/MSS. Throughput, but there is no specific implementation process.
  • the transit-based wireless access system must solve the problem of multiplexing from the source node to each transit node and from each transit node to the destination node.
  • frequency division multiplexing technology is adopted, the spectrum demand is wide, and the spectrum is a scarce resource of the operator, so the spectrum resource is wasted.
  • the present invention provides a transit system, a relay device, and a transit method for implementing broadband wireless access to improve spectrum resource utilization, wireless channel capacity, and data communication rate, and improve links. Reliability and stability for enhanced immunity to noise and noise.
  • a transit system for broadband wireless access includes a source node, a transit node, and a destination node, wherein the source node is configured to send wireless communication data to a transit node; and the transit node utilizes multiple inputs.
  • a multi-output technique forwards wireless communication data from a source node to a destination node; and the destination node is configured to receive and decode wireless communication data from the transit node.
  • the transit system of the broadband wireless access includes at least two of the transit nodes, and constitutes a transit node group, each transit node includes at least one transmit antenna and one receive antenna, and antennas of all transit nodes constitute multiple inputs. Antenna group for multi-output communication.
  • the source node is configured to directly broadcast data to the transit node;
  • the transit node group is configured to receive data from a source node, and each transit node performs distributed distribution on the received data.
  • the source node is further configured to perform multiple input multiple output coding on the data, and according to different transmission antennas of different transit nodes and different transit nodes, different coding parts of the multiple input multiple output coding are
  • Each orthogonal subchannel is sent to a corresponding transit node; each transit node of the transit node group is configured to receive data from the source node on the corresponding subchannel, and send the received data in parallel to the destination on the same subchannel.
  • the transit system of the broadband wireless access includes at least two of the transit nodes, and constitutes at least two levels of transit node groups, each transit node includes at least one transmit antenna and one receive antenna; The antennas of the included transit nodes constitute an antenna group for multi-input and multi-output communication.
  • the source node is configured to directly broadcast data to the transit node group of the first-level transit node group;
  • the transit node group of the first-level transit node group includes a distributed multiple-input multiple-output coding unit, and the receiver thereof Receiving data from the source node and encoding by its distributed multiple input multiple output coding unit, the transmitter is configured to forward the data after the distributed multiple input multiple output coding to the second level transit node group;
  • the relay node included in any one of the stages of the transition node group of the first-level transit node group includes a distributed multiple-input multiple-output coding unit and a multiple-input multiple-output decoding unit, and the receiver is configured to receive the relay node from the upper-level node.
  • the data of the group is decoded by its multiple input multiple output decoding unit, and then encoded by its distributed multiple input multiple output coding unit, and the transmitter is used for the corresponding part of the data after the distributed multiple input multiple output coding
  • Sending to the next-level transit node group or the destination node source node is further used for multi-input and multi-output encoding of data, and
  • the different transmitting antennas of the first-level different transit nodes and the different transit nodes of the first-stage the different coding parts of the multiple-input multiple-output coding are sent on the orthogonal sub-channels to the corresponding relays included in the first-level transit node group.
  • a relay node included in the first-level transit node group is configured to receive data from the source node on the corresponding sub-channel, and the transmitter is configured to send the received data to the second-level transit node in parallel on the same sub-channel. Group; any of the second level to the first level of the transit node group
  • the transit nodes included in the first stage receive data from the upper-level transit node group on the same sub-channel, and are decoded by the multi-input multi-output decoding unit, and then encoded by the distributed multi-input multi-output coding unit.
  • the transmitter is configured to send the corresponding portion of the data after the distributed multiple input multiple output encoding to the next intermediate node group or the destination node in parallel on the same subchannel; the destination node uses the distributed multiple input with the transit node
  • the decoding technique corresponding to the multi-output encoding obtains the communication data.
  • the subchannel is any one of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing subchannel, a time molecular channel, and a code molecular channel.
  • the distributed multiple input multiple output coding unit and the multiple input multiple output decoding unit included in the transit node adopt space-time, space-frequency, space-time-frequency or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding and decoding technologies. Any of them.
  • the transmitters of the source node, the transit node and the destination node all adopt orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation technology, and the receiver adopts orthogonal frequency division multiplexing demodulation technology.
  • the receiver of the transit node includes at least one set of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing demodulator, a symbol demapping unit, a channel decoding unit, and a receiving antenna.
  • a receiver of a relay node having multiple input multiple output decoding functions includes at least one set of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing demodulator, symbol demapping unit, channel decoding unit, space/space/space time/space multiplexing decoding a unit, a receiving antenna; wherein, the units are sequentially arranged in any one of the following order according to a received signal flow direction: a receiving antenna, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing demodulator, a symbol demapping unit, a channel decoding unit, and a space/space frequency/ Space time/space multiplexing decoding unit; receiving antenna, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing demodulator, symbol demapping unit, space/space/space time/space multiplexing decoding unit, channel decoding unit; receiving antenna Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing demodulator, space/space frequency/space time/space multiplexing decoding unit, symbol demapping unit, channel decoding unit; or, receiving antenna, space/space frequency/space time frequency / spatial multiplexing decoding unit, orthogonal frequency
  • a transmitter of a relay node having a distributed multiple input multiple output coding function includes at least one set of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulators, a symbol mapping unit, a channel coding unit, and a distributed space time/empty a frequency/space time-frequency/spatial multiplexing coding unit and a transmitting antenna; wherein, the units are arranged in the following order according to the flow direction of the transmitted signal: a distributed space/space frequency/space time frequency/spatial multiplexing coding unit, Channel coding unit, symbol mapping unit, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulator, transmit antenna; channel coding unit, distributed space/space/space time/space multiplexing coding unit, symbol mapping unit, orthogonal frequency division Multiplexed modulator, transmit antenna; channel coding unit, symbol mapping unit, distributed space/space/space time/space multiplexing coding unit, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulator, transmitting antenna; or, channel coding Unit, symbol mapping unit, orthogonal frequency
  • a method for relaying broadband wireless access comprising the steps of: a source node transmitting wireless communication data to all transit nodes; all transit nodes using a multiple input multiple output technique to wirelessly communicate from a source node Data is forwarded to the destination node; and the destination node receives and decodes wireless communication data from the transit node.
  • each transit node includes at least one transmit antenna and one receive antenna, and the antennas of all transit nodes constitute an antenna group of multiple input multiple output communication
  • the method further includes the steps, the source node directly broadcasts data to the transit node; the transit node receives data from the source node, and performs distributed multiple input multiple output coding, and then each transit node sends its corresponding part to the destination node.
  • a source node performs multiple input multiple output coding on data, and different coding portions of multiple input multiple output coding are used in orthogonal subchannels according to different transmission antennas of different transit nodes and different transit nodes.
  • the first-stage transit node group receives data from the source node, performs distributed multiple-input multiple-output coding, and then forwards the data to the second-level transit node group; the second level to the next level Any one of the transit node groups in the transit node group receives data from the upper-level transit node group, performs multi-input and multi-output decoding, then performs distributed multi-input multi-output encoding, and then sends the corresponding portion of the encoded data to The next level of transit node group or destination node.
  • the source node performs multiple input and multiple output coding on the data, and different codes of the multiple input multiple output coding according to different first stage relay nodes and different first antennas of different first stage mutual assistance relay sections.
  • the part is sent to the corresponding transit node included in the first-level transit node group on each orthogonal sub-channel; the transit node included in the first-level transit node group receives the data from the source node on the corresponding sub-channel, and receives the data.
  • Data is sent in parallel to the second-level transit node group on the same sub-channel; and any one-level transit node group in the second-level to subsequent-level transit node group receives the upper-level transit node group on the same sub-channel.
  • the subchannel is any one of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing subchannel, a time molecular channel, and a code molecular channel.
  • the multiple input multiple output decoding process and the distributed multiple input multiple output coding process respectively adopt any one of space time, space frequency, space time frequency or hierarchical spatial multiplexing decoding and coding techniques.
  • a relay device for broadband wireless access includes: a receiver for receiving data from a source node and transmitting the data to a transmitter; and a transmitter, It is used for receiving data sent by the receiver, performing distributed multi-output multi-input coding on the data, and transmitting the encoded data.
  • the receiver includes a multiple input multiple output decoding unit for decoding data from a source node; the transmitter includes a distributed multiple input multiple output coding unit for performing distributed multiple input on data from the receiver Multiple output coding.
  • the MIMO decoding unit includes any one of a space-time, space-frequency, space-time-frequency or hierarchical spatial multiplexing decoding unit or a hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding unit.
  • the frequency selective channel is first changed into a flat fading channel by using an excellent modulation and demodulation technology, such as OFDM technology, so that a set of transit nodes can be utilized.
  • All of the antennas constitute a multi-antenna MIMO system, thereby realizing advanced technologies such as space division multiplexing;
  • the system structure inside the transit node can implement a distributed MIMO codec transmission system of a set of transit nodes (where the first-level mutual-assisted transit node group can also only perform distributed MIMO coding), and can use space/space/space time
  • the frequency/spatial multiplexing coding method makes full use of the advantages of space division multiplexing.
  • the multi-antenna transceiver system between the upper and lower levels of the single-stage or multi-stage mutual-assisted transit node group implements multi-hop relay MIMO transmission.
  • MIMO distributed multiple input multiple output
  • SDM spatial multiplexing
  • Spectrum utilization which in turn doubles the wireless channel capacity, system capacity, and data communication rate.
  • Space-time code, space-frequency code, and space-time-frequency code technology combine coding technology and antenna array technology to achieve spatial diversity, time diversity and frequency diversity, which improves the system's anti-fading (especially against frequency selective fading). Performance, and high speed, high-quality data transmission through transmit diversity gain and receive diversity gain. Compared with coding systems that do not use mixed-space technology, mixed-space coding can achieve higher coding gain without sacrificing bandwidth, which improves the immunity to interference and noise. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when both the transit node and the subscriber station use only a single transmit and receive antenna, the system is the singlet and the lowest cost, but can apply MIMO technology which usually has to be performed by a single multi-antenna, and is very suitable for users.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-hop mutual-assisted transit system according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single-hop mutual-assisted transit system using an OFDM subchannel to implement communication between a source node and a destination node according to a third embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of realizing communication between a source node and a destination node by using a molecular channel in a single-hop mutual aid transit system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of communication between a source node and a destination node by using a code molecular channel in a single-hop mutual aid transit system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a multi-hop mutual assistance relay system according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an implementation principle of an OFDM subchannel of a multi-hop mutual aid transit system according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of implementing a molecular channel in a multi-hop mutual assistance relay system according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of implementing a code molecular channel in a multi-hop mutual assistance relay system according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of a receiver of a relay station according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a transmitter of a relay station according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a transit diagram of Embodiment 12 according to the present invention
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of a simple transfer system according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of a transfer station transmitter of a simple transfer system according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the structure of a receiver of a subscriber station of a simple transit system according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • a radio access network is a Network Management System (NMS), a Base Station Contriller (BSC), a Base Station (BS), and a subscriber station. (Subscriber Station, referred to as "SS").
  • NMS Network Management System
  • BSC Base Station Contriller
  • BS Base Station
  • SS Subscriber Station
  • the broadband wireless access network structure based on Mesh technology, all BSs and SSs are called nodes.
  • the BS is connected to other backbone networks to implement broadband access.
  • the SS node can implement broadband access of local users and forward data of other nodes, and transmit the data to the destination node, which acts like a transit node.
  • SSs can also communicate directly, and BS and SS can communicate indirectly through other SSs.
  • Directly connected to a node The node is called the neighbor node of this node, and the distance between them is called "one hop" (level one).
  • Each node in the network has a routing function.
  • Each node only communicates with neighboring nodes, so it is a self-organizing and self-managed network.
  • the Mesh network is more like a wireless version of the Internet itself. Packet data is passed from one route to another until it reaches its destination.
  • each subscriber station can serve as a transit node, potentially increasing the coverage of the network.
  • the use of wireless Mesh networks has the following advantages: increased network coverage, increased spectrum utilization, and increased system capacity; Mesh network structure-specific multi-routing features improve network flexibility and availability, when When there is an error in the path, other paths can be selected; the network is scalable, easy to expand, low initial construction cost, and the investment cost is about 15% of the PMP network; the investment risk is relatively small, and the cost can be recovered in a short time. Earn profit.
  • this technology has many advantages such as energy saving, automatic configuration and easy expansion compared to traditional point-to-multipoint.
  • MIMO Multi Input Multi Output
  • SDM Space Division Multiplex
  • BLAST Bell Real 3 layered space-time structure
  • the abbreviation "BLAST” is a way to improve bandwidth efficiency by using spatial multiplexing technology in wireless communication.
  • the BLAST system uses multiple antennas to simultaneously transmit parallel data streams in the same frequency band, and utilizes rich multipath propagation of different data streams, and can be separated at the receiver to obtain spatial diversity. Its principle is that multiple transmitters use the same modulation method, and multiple receivers use the same demodulation method.
  • BLAST divides the data stream of a single user into multiple substreams and simultaneously transmits these parallel substreams using multiple antennas, all of which are transmitted in the same frequency band, so the spectrum is highly efficient to use.
  • space-time block codes and space-time trellis codes.
  • the design of these codes assumes non-multipath channel conditions, which are narrowband codes, and the maximum achievable diversity gain is equal to the product of the number of transmit antennas and the number of receive antennas.
  • the performance of space-time code is not optimal because it only utilizes spatial diversity and fails to exploit channel frequency diversity provided by multipath.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex
  • the channel fading time response of an OFDM character is approximately constant within one code block period, that is, the larger the coherence time is, the better; the space frequency code requires that the channel fading frequency response of one code block spanning several subcarriers remains approximately unchanged, that is, the coherent bandwidth The bigger the better.
  • the space-time code has better performance in the flat fading channel, and the space-frequency code has better performance in the fast fading channel.
  • the transmitter cannot predict the channel state information.
  • the advantages of the space-time code and the space-frequency code can be integrated, and the Space Time Frequency Code (STFC) scheme is adopted in the space domain.
  • the time domain and the frequency domain are jointly considered to achieve maximum diversity gain under the multi-antenna fading channel.
  • Block Code for short
  • Trellis Code for short
  • Space-time code is mainly for flat fading channels, but at actual high speed.
  • the channel characteristics in the data transmission system are usually frequency selective fading.
  • Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology can divide the frequency selective fading channel into multiple parallel related flat fading channels, thus exhibiting non-frequency selection on each carrier. Due to the respective advantages and disadvantages of the above techniques, the present invention combines multiple input multiple output technology, spatial coding and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology into a wireless access relay system, so that each transit node is simultaneously co-frequency and reliable. And fast wireless access.
  • the concept of "multiple input and multiple output” has narrow and broad sense.
  • the narrow “multiple input and multiple output” refers to multi-transmit antenna and multi-receiver antenna technology.
  • the generalized “multi-input and multi-output” refers to multi-antenna technology, including multi-issue.
  • the multiple input multiple output technique in this paper is a generalized concept.
  • more than one transit node in the wireless access relay system may constitute a transit node group, and each node in the mutual assisted transit node group may have more than one antenna. Therefore, a source node or a destination node forms a MIMO system with the mutual assistance relay node group.
  • a source node or a destination node forms a MIMO system with the mutual assistance relay node group.
  • spatial codec technology for example, hierarchical spatial multiplexing code, space-time code, space-frequency code or space-time code combination
  • the present invention will comprehensively utilize space division techniques such as MIMO and spatial codec.
  • the transit system of the present invention can include both single-hop and multi-hop systems.
  • the communication between the source node and the destination node of the single-hop transit system is transited by a mutual assistance transit node group, and the communication between the source node and the destination node of the multi-hop transit system is transited by the multi-level mutual assistance transit node group.
  • the systems are essentially the same.
  • the manner in which each system communicates during communication can be divided into a direct method and a subchannel method, which will be described in detail below.
  • OFDM communication technology is employed.
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 1, it is a single-hop transit system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the single-hop transit system includes a source node, a set of transit nodes, and a destination node. The communication between the source node and the destination node is relayed in parallel by multiple transit nodes.
  • the transit node forwards the wireless communication data from the source node to the destination node using MIMO technology.
  • Each transit node includes at least one transmit antenna and one receive antenna.
  • the transit node 1, the transit node 2, and the transit node N constitute a mutual assisted transit node group.
  • the communication between the source node and the destination node based on the distributed MIMO technology may generally include a direct method and a subchannel method.
  • the subchannel method may in turn include an OFDM subchannel method, a time division method, and a code division method. But whether it is direct or subchannel, it includes two phases: the broadcast phase and the transit phase.
  • the direct method consists of two phases, the broadcast phase and the transit phase. In the broadcast phase, the source node broadcasts the same information sequence S to each of the transit node nodes in the mutual assisted transit node group.
  • the transit nodes 1...N perform distributed spatial coding (space-time coding or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) on the received identical information sequence S, respectively.
  • the result of distributed coding of the mutual assistance transit node group is to form a unified spatial coding (space time coding or space frequency coding, or space time frequency coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) symbol matrix C:
  • the destination node performs spatial (space-time, or space-frequency, or space-time-frequency, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing) on the received signal to obtain a signal sequence ⁇ 'j S sent by the source node.
  • the source node performs spatial coding (space-time coding or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) on the data, generates a symbol matrix C, and uses a symbol matrix C.
  • spatial coding space-time coding or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding
  • each transit node receives data from the source node on the corresponding subchannel, and performs distributed space-time, space-frequency, space-time-frequency or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding;
  • the transit node sends the respective encoded data to the destination node in parallel on the same subchannel.
  • each subchannel solves the overlap collision problem of multiple transit nodes, but only one subchannel is used in parallel mutual aid MIMO communication, so there is no system capacity and rate for reducing MIMO.
  • the subchannel method mentioned here may be a plurality of current methods, such as an OFDM subchannel, Time division multiplexing subchannels, code division multiplexing subchannels, etc., the technical details of the implementation of these three subchannels are specifically given below.
  • the source node performs spatial coding (space-time coding or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) on the source information sequence S to form spatial coding (space-time coding or Space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) symbol matrix C.
  • each node of the mutual assisted transit node group can occupy the entire OFDM channel to increase the transmission data rate.
  • the mutual-assisted transit node group separately transmits the spatial coding symbols of the spatially encoded symbol matrix C to the destination node through T transmit antennas. That is, the transit node 1 transmits the spatially encoded symbols of the first row to the first row of the matrix C to the destination node through the transmit antennas respectively; the transit node 2 passes the T2 transmit antennas, respectively, in the matrix C.
  • the first ( ⁇ , +l) line to the (1 ⁇ + ⁇ 2 ) line totals 2 lines of spatially encoded symbols, and is sent to the destination node at the same time; and so on, the transit node i passes the Ti transmit antennas, respectively, the matrix C
  • the transit node N passes the T N Transmitting antennas, respectively, the first in matrix C ( ) to the first ( ) Were ⁇ row spatially encoded symbols ⁇ line while transmitting to the destination node.
  • the destination node performs spatial (space time, or space frequency, or space time frequency, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing) on the received signal to obtain a signal sequence s sent by the source node.
  • the source node performs spatial coding (space-time coding or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) on the source information sequence S to form spatial coding (space-time coding or Space-frequency coding, or space-time-frequency coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) symbol matrix C;
  • T 0 0.
  • each node of the mutual assisted transit node group can occupy the time of the molecular channel 0 to increase the transmission data rate.
  • the mutual-assisted transit node group transmits the spatially coded symbols of the spatially coded symbol matrix C to the destination node through the time-of-mesh channel 0 by using one of the transmit antennas. That is, the transit node 1 transmits the spatially encoded symbols of the first row to the second row of the matrix C in the matrix C through the transmit antennas, and transmits the time-coded channel 0 to the destination node; the transit node 2 passes the T2 transmit antennas, respectively.
  • each transit node occupies the time of the molecular channel 0, but can also occupy other time molecular channels. Due to the use of space division MIMO technology, each transit node can simultaneously transmit the lines in the matrix C to the destination node at the same frequency. Then, the destination node performs spatial (space time, or space frequency, or space time frequency, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing) on the received signal to obtain a signal sequence S sent by the source node.
  • FIG. 5 FIG.
  • each node of the mutual assisted transit node group can use the same spreading code (such as spreading code 0) to spread the spectrum to improve the transmission data rate.
  • the mutual-assisted transit node group separately transmits the spatial coding symbols of the spatially coded symbol matrix C to the destination node according to the same spreading code (such as the spreading code 1) through one of the transmitting antennas. That is, the transit node 1 respectively spreads the spatially encoded symbols of the first row to the first row in the matrix C by the same spreading code (such as the spreading code 0) through the ⁇ , the transmitting antennas, and simultaneously transmits the same to the destination.
  • transit node 2 passes the (TrH) line to the (+T2) line in matrix C through T 2 transmit antennas
  • the spatially encoded symbols of the total T 2 lines are spread by the same spreading code (such as the spreading code 0) and simultaneously transmitted to the destination node; and so on, the transit node i passes the Ti transmitting antennas, respectively, and the first in the matrix C ( ⁇ ⁇ +.
  • the transit node N passes the T N transmit antennas, respectively, to the first ( ⁇ , + ⁇ ., + ⁇ + ⁇ ) in the matrix C to the ( ⁇ ⁇ +. , .+ ⁇ ) line spatial encoding symbols ⁇ ⁇ row, the same spread code (such as spreading code 0) spreading, while transmitting to the destination node. Then, the destination node performs spatial (space time, or space frequency, or space time frequency, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing) on the received signal to obtain a signal sequence S sent by the source node.
  • the same spreading code such as the spreading code 0
  • FIG. 5 shows a multi-hop mutual assistance relay system model according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system comprises a plurality of mutual assist transit nodes forming a multi-level mutual assist transit node group, each transit node comprising more than one receiving antenna and more than one transmitting antenna.
  • the antennas of the transit nodes included in any one of the mutual-assisted transit node groups constitute an antenna group for MIMO communication.
  • the communication between the source node and the destination node is transited by the multi-level mutual assistance transit node group, and each level of the mutual assistance transit node group is relayed by multiple transit nodes for parallel mutual assistance.
  • each level of the mutual assisted transit node group may also include a transit node, and distributed MIMO communication may also be implemented.
  • the transit node 1, the transit node 2, ..., the transit node Mk constitute a mutual help transit node group, and each of the mutual help transit node group and the next level mutual help transit node group can A distributed MIMO system is constructed, and then the primary mutual aid transit node group and one destination node form a distributed MIMO system.
  • the i-th transit node of the k-th mutual-transfer transit node group have T k>i transmit antennas, and the T k and i transmit antennas can be used as the i-th transfer node to the next stage (ie, the k+1th stage) Mutual
  • the T k and i inputs of the MIMO channel of the transit node group are shared from the kth to the ⁇ k+1 MIMO channels.
  • T k ( T k>1 +T k)2 +...+T k) i +...+T kj Mk ) inputs, R ( k+1 ) of the next-level (ie k+1th) transit node j, j (or R of the destination node) receive antenna receive MIMO R( k+1 ),j (or R) outputs of the channel.
  • the communication method between the source node and the destination node based on the distributed MIMO technology is different from the single-hop transit system in that: the antenna of the transit node included in any one level of the mutual assisted transit node group constitutes MIMO communication.
  • Antenna group any level is received from the upper level, decoded and encoded and sent to the next stage. Similar to the single-hop transit system, there are also broadcast phases and multiple transit phases. The number of transit phases is also the same as the number of mutual-transfer transit node groups, namely: broadcast phase, transit phase 1 transit phase, similarly, broadcast phase and transit phase Specifically, the direct method and the subchannel method may be included, and the methods are described in detail below.
  • Embodiment 7 In the broadcast phase, the source node broadcasts the same information sequence s to each of the transit nodes of the level 1 mutual assistance relay node group. Transition phase 1: The transit nodes in the first-level mutual-assisted transit node group l ...
  • the node i in the level 1 mutual assistance relay node group forms the (Tu+Tw .+T ⁇ rH ) line in the matrix C to the ( ] +T 2 +.. .+T Wl ) Line co-coded symbols.
  • each level 2 transit node will get the information sequence S that the source node transits through the level 1 mutual aid transit node group; then the second level mutual aid transit node l ...
  • M 2 pairs receive the same information sequence S , respectively, spatial coding (space-time coding or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding), the result of distributed coding is to form a unified spatial coding (space-time coding or space-frequency coding, Or space-time-frequency coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) symbol matrix C 2 , where the number of rows of the matrix is T 2 (determined by the total number of transmitting antennas of the second-order mutual-assisted transit node group), and the number of columns of the matrix depends on In the specific coding method.
  • Level transit node j And so on, the transfer phase k: M k transit nodes l ...
  • M k in the k- th mutual-transfer transit node group respectively perform distributed spatial decoding (space-time coding or space-frequency decoding, or space-time-frequency decoding, or Hierarchical spatial multiplexing decoding), the transit node in each kth-level mutual-assisted transit node group will get the information sequence S that the source node transits through the k-1th-level mutual-assisted transit node group.
  • M k in the k- th mutual-transfer transit node group perform spatial coding (space-time coding or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or cents) on the received identical information sequence
  • S Layer space multiplexing coding the result of distributed coding is to form a unified spatial coding (space-time coding or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) symbol matrix C k , where matrix
  • T k determined by the total number of transmitting antennas of the k-th mutual-intermediate transit node group
  • the number of columns of the matrix depends on the specific coding method.
  • the first stage, the transfer stage N the Nth (and then the first) mutual assisted transit node group, the M n transit nodes l ... M n respectively perform distributed spatial decoding (space time coding or space frequency decoding, or Space-time-frequency decoding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing decoding), each Nth-level transit node will get the information sequence S that the source node transits through the N-1-level mutual-assisted transit node group; then the N-th intermediate transit node l.
  • distributed spatial decoding space time coding or space frequency decoding, or Space-time-frequency decoding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing decoding
  • T n, i + ... + T n, Mn transmit antennas to respectively transmit channel ⁇ Destination node. Then, the destination node performs spatial (space time, or space frequency, or space time frequency, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing) on the received signal to obtain a signal sequence s sent by the source node.
  • the seventh embodiment is to implement the communication between the source node and the destination node by using the direct method in the multi-level transit system according to the sixth embodiment. Similar to the single-stage transit system, the multi-stage transit system can also implement communication between the source node and the destination node by using the subchannel method. When the subchannel method is adopted, the source node first performs spatial coding (space time coding or space frequency coding, or space time frequency coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) on the data, and sends it to the first level mutual assistance on each subchannel.
  • spatial coding space time coding or space frequency coding, or space time frequency coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding
  • any one of the mutual help transit node groups receives and decodes the data from the source node or the upper mutual help transit node group on the corresponding subchannel, and then performs distributed spatial coding (space time coding or Space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding;
  • Each transit node of the mutual-assisted transit node group sends the corresponding part of the encoded data to the next-level mutual-assisted transit node group or the destination node on the corresponding sub-channel; wherein each of the transit nodes included in the first-level mutual-assisted transit node group will The corresponding portion of the encoded data is sent to the destination node in parallel on the same subchannel.
  • the source node spatially encodes the source information sequence S (space-time coding or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) to form spatial coding (space-time coding or null).
  • the spatial coding symbol of the common line to the transit node 1 of the first-level mutual assistance transit node group.
  • Each node of the Level 1 Mutual Assistance Relay Node Group can occupy the entire OFDM channel or occupy the same subchannel to increase the transmission data rate.
  • the transit node group transmits the spatial coding symbols of the spatially encoded symbol matrix to the second-level mutual assistance relay node group through T and the transmitting antennas respectively.
  • each node of the 2nd - N-level mutual-assisted transit node group can occupy the entire OFDM channel, or occupy the same sub-channel, and send the symbol matrix formed by the mutual-assisted transit node group to the symbol matrix.
  • the source node spatially encodes the source information sequence S (space-time coding or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) to form spatial coding (space-time coding or null).
  • the (T ] +T 2 +...+T hi .i+l ) line in the transmission matrix is passed to the first ( ⁇ + ⁇ + .,.+ ⁇ )
  • the spatial coding symbol of the common line to the transit node 1 of the first-level mutual assistance transit node group.
  • 1 () 0.
  • each node of the first-level mutual-assisted transit node group can occupy the time-of-mesh channel 1 to increase the transmission data rate; the first-level mutual-assisted transit node group passes each of the spatially encoded symbol matrices through one transmit antenna. The spatially encoded symbol is transmitted to the level 2 mutual assistance relay node group at the time of the molecular channel 1.
  • the symbol matrix formed by the mutual-assisted transit node group coding is sent to the next-level mutual-assisted transit node group or the target node, and the specific implementation method is the same as the 2-N-level transit phase in the direct method.
  • the source node performs spatial coding (space-time coding or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) on the source information sequence S to form spatial coding (space-time coding or null).
  • spatial coding space-time coding or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding
  • each node of the level 1 mutual-assisted transit node group can be spread by the same spreading code (such as spreading code 0) to increase the transmission data rate.
  • the first-level mutual-assisted transit node group transmits the spatial coding symbols of the spatially encoded symbol matrix to the second-level mutual-assisted transit node group by the same spreading code (such as spreading code 1) through the transmitting antennas.
  • the symbol matrix formed by the mutual-assisted transit node group coding at this level is sent to the next-level mutual-assisted transit node group or target node, and the specific implementation method and the second-N-level relay in the direct method The stages are the same.
  • each transit node and its structure are explained in detail below.
  • the preferred embodiments of the present invention all adopt OFDM technology, so all stations: the source node, the transit node, and the destination node transmitter adopt OFDM modulation technology, and the receiver adopts OFDM demodulation technology.
  • the modem technology that can be employed in the present invention is not limited thereto. It can be seen from the method of implementing the communication between the source node and the destination node by the single-hop transit system and the multi-hop transit system described above that the source node can use spatial coding (space-time coding) when transmitting the information sequence to the transit node.
  • the transit node (hereinafter referred to as the transfer station) can accordingly include two transfer station structures.
  • the present invention adopts the OFDM technology, so the OFDM relay station is taken as an example here, and the two transfer stations are described.
  • Embodiment 11 As shown in FIG. 9, the general structure of an OFDM relay station employing OFDM technology mainly includes two parts, an OFDM receiver and an OFDM transmitter.
  • the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna may each be more than one.
  • the first type of OFDM relay station is suitable for a relay station, or source, of a single-hop transit system in which the source node does not use spatial coding (space time coding, or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding)
  • the node does not use the first-level relay station of the multi-hop transit system of spatial coding (space-time coding, or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding). Therefore, such a relay station does not need to perform spatial decoding when receiving.
  • the receiver of the relay station is as shown in FIG.
  • Figure 11 shows the transmitter structure of the relay station, including distributed spatial coding (space time coding, or space frequency coding, or space time frequency coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) unit, channel coding / symbol mapping unit (or channel coding unit and symbol mapping unit), OFDM modulator and transmit antenna.
  • distributed spatial coding space time coding, or space frequency coding, or space time frequency coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding
  • channel coding / symbol mapping unit or channel coding unit and symbol mapping unit
  • OFDM modulator transmit antenna.
  • a single-code unit transmitter based on the symbol level ((c) and (Fig.
  • the minimum unit of coding of the bit-level encoder is bits, and the symbol-level encoder The smallest unit of coding is the symbol.
  • the coded minimum unit in FIG. 11(c) may be a symbol after quadrature amplitude modulation ("QAM") symbol mapping; the minimum coding unit in FIG. 11(d) may be OFDM modulated. OFDM symbol.
  • QAM quadrature amplitude modulation
  • Figure 11 (a), the signal from the OFDM receiver, first distributed spatial coding in the distributed spatial coding (space-time coding, or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding) unit And corresponding lines of the coding matrix generated by the coding are sent to the channel coding/symbol mapping unit, and the channel coding/symbol mapping unit performs channel coding and symbol mapping on the corresponding lines of the received coding matrix, and the symbol mapping result is sent to the OFDM modulator. OFDM modulation is then transmitted through the transmit antenna. This type of transmitter is called a source bit level transmitter.
  • (b), (c) and (d) of Fig. 11 are similar to Fig.
  • the transit node i forms the ( ⁇ , +TV ..+Tw+l) line in the matrix C to the first ( ⁇ +. , .+ ⁇ ) Lines are a total of Ti lines of coded symbols. Then, the transmitter of the relay station i transmits the Ti line symbols of the code symbol matrix C from its own T transmit antennas.
  • Example twelve The second type of OFDM relay station is applicable to a relay station of a single-hop transit system in which the source node uses spatial coding (space-time coding, or space-frequency coding, or space-time coding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing coding), or a source node.
  • the first-level relay station of the multi-hop transit system using space coding is also applicable to the non-first system of the multi-hop transit system. Level 1 transfer station. Therefore, such a relay station needs to perform spatial decoding when receiving.
  • the receiver of the relay station is as shown in FIG. 12, and includes a receiving antenna, an OFDM demodulator, a channel decoding/symbol demapping unit (or a channel decoding unit and a symbol demapping unit), and spatial decoding (space-time decoding, or space-frequency decoding). Decoding, or space-time-frequency decoding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing decoding). Depending on where the decoder is placed, there may be a single-decoding unit transmitter based on the bit level ((a) and (b) of Figure 12), a single-decoding unit transmitter based on the symbol level ((c) and (Fig. 12) d)).
  • the minimum unit of decoding for a bit-level decoder is bits, while the minimum unit of decoding for a symbol-level decoder is a symbol.
  • the decoding minimum unit in FIG. 12(c) may be a symbol before the orthogonal amplitude modulation (QAM) symbol mapping; the decoding minimum unit in FIG. 12(d) may be an OFDM symbol before OFDM modulation. 12(a), first, the receiving antenna receives a signal from a source node or from a higher-level node group, and the OFDM demodulator demodulates the signal, and the demodulated signal is sent to a channel decoding/symbol demapping unit.
  • QAM orthogonal amplitude modulation
  • the symbol demapping result is sent to spatial decoding (space-time decoding, or space-frequency decoding, or space-time-frequency decoding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing decoding) units, spatially decoded, and then transmitted to the OFDM transmitter.
  • spatial decoding space-time decoding, or space-frequency decoding, or space-time-frequency decoding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing decoding
  • Such a receiver is called a source bit level receiver. 12(b), (c) and (d) are similar to Fig. 12(a), and the working process can be understood by those skilled in the art by the known techniques and the description of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand the docking of these receivers according to known techniques.
  • the received signal is spatially decoded (space-time decoding, or space-frequency decoding, or space-time-frequency decoding, or hierarchical spatial multiplexing decoding), and therefore will not be described again.
  • the receiver's spatial decoding requires multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), multiple-input single-output (MISO) depending on the situation. Or single input multiple output (SIMO) channel estimation.
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
  • MISO multiple-input single-output
  • SIMO single input multiple output
  • the transmitter of such a relay station is similar in structure to the first type of relay station, and those skilled in the art, based on the above description, should be able to implement the transmitter of the relay station.
  • the transit system is a single-hop transit system including two transit nodes (transfer stations).
  • the system model is shown in FIG. 13, the source node of the system is a base station, and the destination node is a subscriber station.
  • the two transfer stations form a two-antenna transmit diversity, single-antenna receive transit system with the subscriber station.
  • the method of communicating between the base station and the subscriber station through the relay stations 1 and 2 adopts the direct method described above, that is, the base station broadcasts the same information sequence to the relay stations 1 and 2 without spatial coding. .
  • the receiver structure of the relay stations 1 and 2 can be implemented as shown in Fig. 10.
  • the transmitter structure of this embodiment is shown in Figs. 14(a) and (b), and the receiver structure of the subscriber station is shown in Fig. 15.
  • the distributed spatial coding unit of the relay of the relay station is selected as distributed space time coding
  • the spatial decoding unit of the receiver of the user station uses space time decoding.
  • the spatial coding may also be space frequency coding, space time frequency coding, and null.
  • spatial decoding can also be corresponding to space-frequency decoding, space-time-frequency decoding, spatial multiplexing decoding, and the like.
  • each of the two relay station transmitters has one transmitting antenna, and the distance between them is at least ⁇ /2 ( ⁇ is the wavelength), that is, the process of transmitting the signal in different paths should be Can be approximated as independent attenuation processes.
  • the subscriber station receiver has one receiving antenna.
  • a mutual input relay node group (transit stations 1 and 2) and a subscriber station form a channel of 2 X 1 Multiple Input Single Output (“MISO").
  • MISO Multiple Input Single Output
  • the space-time decoder of this scheme subscriber station receiver requires MISO channel estimation, and MISO is also a special MIMO technology in a broad sense.
  • two subscriber station transmitters may have more than one transmit antenna, as well as a MIMO channel.
  • each relay station uses only one antenna.
  • the system is the most compact and the lowest cost, but the application usually has to be single-machine multi-antenna to do
  • the MIMO technology that arrives is very suitable for the application of the subscriber station as a relay station.
  • the mutual aid transit node group is as follows: Space-time coding is performed, that is, the distributed space-time coding result of the relay station 1 is the first line of the matrix C, and the distributed space-time coding result of the relay station 2 is the second line of the matrix C.
  • the relay station 1 transmits r folk , transfer station 2 launches -r* 22 ;
  • the relay station 1 transmits r 21 and the relay station 2 transmits r* 12 .
  • the pair of OFDM symbols received by the subscriber station is
  • the subscriber station can correctly receive the signal from the source station that has been relayed.
  • the OFDM, MIMO, and transit technologies of the present invention can realize a high-capacity, high-reliability, and high-rate transit wireless access system based on existing devices.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de relais et un système relais pour un accès sans fil à large bande. Dans ce procédé, premièrement, une voie de sélection de fréquence est changée en une voie sujette à des évanouissements uniformes au moyen d'une technique de multiplexage fréquentiel optique afin de composer un système à entrée multiple sortie multiple (MIMO) à antennes multiples au moyen des antennes d'un groupe de stations-relais ; la structure du système de la station-relais peut former un système de transmission de codec MIMO distributif d'un groupe de stations-relais ; la procédé de code multiplexage spatial espace-temps/espace-fréquence/espace-temps-fréquence peut être utilisé de façon à pouvoir pleinement tirer profit du multiplexage spatial ; dans un système de transmission et de réception à antennes multiples entre les niveaux élevés et bas du groupe de stations-relais coopératif à niveaux multiples, une transmission MIMO pourvue d'un relais à plusieurs bonds est mise en oeuvre.
PCT/CN2006/002964 2006-01-06 2006-11-03 Système relais, appareil de relais et procédé de relais pour un accès sans fil à large bande WO2007079638A1 (fr)

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