WO2007077820A1 - Fuel battery system adaptable to emergency condition - Google Patents

Fuel battery system adaptable to emergency condition Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007077820A1
WO2007077820A1 PCT/JP2006/325885 JP2006325885W WO2007077820A1 WO 2007077820 A1 WO2007077820 A1 WO 2007077820A1 JP 2006325885 W JP2006325885 W JP 2006325885W WO 2007077820 A1 WO2007077820 A1 WO 2007077820A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
fuel cell
emergency
response
commercial power
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2006/325885
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Jun Akimoto
Seiji Maeda
Akira Goto
Akihiko Fukunaga
Tetsufumi Ikeda
Original Assignee
Nippon Oil Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Oil Corporation filed Critical Nippon Oil Corporation
Publication of WO2007077820A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007077820A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/10—Fuel cells in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
    • H01M2250/402—Combination of fuel cell with other electric generators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an emergency response type fuel cell system that supplies power efficiently and disconnects from a commercial power supply system in the event of a disaster to enable independent power generation.
  • a fuel cell system generates hydrogen using water and a fuel gas such as natural gas, city gas, methanol, LPG, and butane, and removes carbon monoxide contained in the generated hydrogen by a reformer. It is possible to supply electric power by utilizing the potential difference generated between the anode and the power sword along with the generation of water by the reaction between this hydrogen and oxygen (air) supplied to the power sword. Since the potential difference generated between the anode and the force sword is usually about IV, a fuel cell stack in which a plurality of cells are provided in multiple stages so as to obtain a desired voltage level is used.
  • a fuel cell system using a polymer electrolyte fuel cell is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) in which an anode and a force sword are provided via a polymer electrolyte membrane.
  • PEFC polymer electrolyte fuel cell
  • a fuel cell system using a fuel cell that can be produced includes a reformer that generates hydrogen from a fuel gas cartridge, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), a controller, an AC converter, and power generation. It is known to have a heat exchanger that uses hot water as the water stored in the water tank to recover the generated heat, and a heat recovery device with a storage tank that stores this hot water.
  • a portable power generation system that can be used separately from a commercial power source has been developed. In a fuel cell system used in conjunction with a commercial power source, the control device and auxiliary equipment are driven using commercial power at startup.
  • interconnecting with a commercial power source means interconnecting with a commercial power source.
  • Patent Document 1 a system in which a hydrogen storage tank is loaded or a secondary battery is installed to respond to a disaster has been reported.
  • Patent Document 2 a system in which a hydrogen storage tank is loaded or a secondary battery is installed to respond to a disaster has been reported.
  • Patent Document 2 a system in which a hydrogen storage tank is loaded or a secondary battery is installed to respond to a disaster has been reported.
  • Patent Document 2 a system in which a hydrogen storage tank is loaded or a secondary battery is installed to respond to a disaster has been reported (Patent Document 2).
  • these systems are used as a backup power source for generating electricity in the event of an emergency when the supply of city gas stops, and are considered to be used as a daily household power source.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-213985
  • Patent Document 2 JP-A-8-287933
  • the problem of the present invention is that on-site power generation, power generation in a depopulated area / isolated island, small power generation, high power conversion efficiency generation power generation, clean energy conversion, which is close to the power demand place, which is a demand on the power demand side
  • Power generated by distributed power generation such as power generation can be used in conjunction with commercial power, and even if it is disconnected from commercial power, it can be operated independently and started up independently, avoiding short-circuit accidents during disasters, etc.
  • it is an object to provide a disaster-proof fuel cell system that can supply electric power to the home and can safely operate by appropriately consuming surplus power due to fluctuations in household power consumption.
  • the present invention is an emergency-ready fuel cell system including an emergency-ready fuel cell that is connected to a commercial power supply system and supplies electric power to a home, and is disconnected from the commercial power supply system.
  • the present invention relates to an emergency type fuel cell system capable of independent operation.
  • the power generation device is a power generation device mounted on an automobile, and an emergency-response fuel cell is installed on the vehicle.
  • the commercial power supply system it is possible to supply power to the home from an outlet provided in the emergency-response fuel cell.
  • the emergency-response fuel cell system of the present invention includes an emergency-response fuel cell, a connection protection device that controls connection and disconnection between the emergency-response fuel cell and a commercial power supply system, A power generator that supplies power to start the emergency-response fuel cell when the compatible fuel cell is disconnected from the commercial power system, and an emergency response type when the emergency-compatible fuel cell is disconnected from the commercial power system.
  • the outlet that outputs the power generated by the fuel cell, the hot water tank for exchanging heat generated by the power generation of the emergency fuel cell, and the power generated by the emergency fuel cell consumes surplus power that exceeds the power consumption at home.
  • the present invention relates to an emergency response type fuel cell system characterized by comprising a load device.
  • the present invention relates to on-site power generation, power generation in depopulated and remote islands, low-power power generation, high power conversion efficiency power generation, and tally energy generation power
  • Power generated by distributed generation can be used in conjunction with commercial power, and even if it is disconnected from commercial power, it can operate independently and start up independently, avoiding short-circuit accidents such as during a disaster. Electricity can be supplied to the home, and surplus power due to fluctuations in home power consumption can be consumed appropriately for safe driving.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a normal startup state in Example 1 of an emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a normal operation state in Example 1 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an emergency startup state in Example 1 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an emergency operation state in Example 1 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a normal startup state in Embodiment 2 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a normal operation state in Example 2 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an emergency startup state in Embodiment 2 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an emergency operation state in Embodiment 2 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
  • the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention is an emergency response type fuel cell system including an emergency response type fuel cell that is connected to a commercial power supply system and supplies electric power to a home. There is no particular limitation as long as it can operate independently when disconnected from the grid.
  • an emergency-ready fuel cell system of the present invention for example, an emergency-ready fuel cell, and the connection and disconnection of the emergency-ready fuel cell and a commercial power supply system are controlled.
  • the outlet that outputs the power generated by the emergency response type fuel cell when disconnected, the hot water storage tank for heat exchange generated by the power generation of the emergency response type fuel cell, and the power generation amount of the emergency response type fuel cell It can be equipped with a load device for consuming surplus power that exceeds the power consumption at home.
  • any type can be used as long as it can generate electric power capable of supplying power to the home.
  • alkaline fuel cells that use potassium hydroxide or the like as an electrolyte
  • PAFC phosphoric acid fuel cells
  • solid polymers that use a polymer membrane as an electrolyte
  • Fuel cell PEFC
  • MCFC molten carbonate fuel cell
  • SOFC oxygen-conducting solid oxide
  • a polymer electrolyte fuel cell that is small and easy to handle is preferable.
  • a powerful polymer electrolyte fuel cell uses hydrogen-containing fuel gas such as hydrocarbons and water to produce hydrogen as a fuel, and produces a reaction mixture gas power from acid and carbon. It has a reformer that creates the removed hydrogen and has a cell in which an anode and a force sword are provided via a solid polymer membrane.
  • hydrogen and air generated by a reformer are supplied to an anode and a force sword, respectively, and a potential difference generated between the anode and the force sword due to a reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in the air. Can be used to extract power.
  • it is preferable that cells are provided in multiple stages as necessary.
  • the emergency response type fuel cell has a connection terminal with a power generation device mounted on the automobile when activated by a power generation device mounted on the automobile described later.
  • the connection terminal may have any shape.
  • the interconnection protection device used in the emergency-response fuel cell system of the present invention controls the interconnection and disconnection of the emergency-response fuel cell and the commercial power supply system, and supplies normal power to the commercial power supply system. At times, the emergency-response fuel cell is connected to the commercial power system, and when the commercial power system is stopped, the emergency-response fuel cell and the commercial power system are disconnected.
  • the commercial power supply system means a commercial power supply
  • the interconnection with the commercial power supply system means the connection with the commercial power supply
  • the disconnection of the interconnection means the disconnection.
  • the grid protection device includes a DC Z-AC converter that converts the direct current from the emergency-response fuel cell to alternating current and supplies AC power to the home, and a fuel that converts AC from the commercial power supply system to direct current.
  • a DC Z-AC converter that converts the direct current from the emergency-response fuel cell to alternating current and supplies AC power to the home
  • a fuel that converts AC from the commercial power supply system to direct current.
  • the grid protection device can be provided with a reverse power relay that prevents the power generation from the emergency-response fuel cell from flowing back to the commercial power supply system.
  • a reverse power flow relay By providing a reverse power flow relay, it is possible to prevent adverse effects on the commercial power supply system when the amount of power generated by the emergency type fuel cell is excessive with respect to the power consumption at home.
  • the interconnection protection device can be provided with a comparison detection device for comparing and detecting the power generation amount of the emergency-response fuel cell and the power consumption amount at home.
  • the comparative detection device detects that the power generation amount of the emergency-response fuel cell is less than the power consumption at home, the commercial power system If the comparative detection device detects that the amount of power generated by the emergency response type fuel cell is greater than the amount of power consumed at home, the emergency response type fuel is supplied to the load device described later. You can supply surplus power from the battery! / ⁇ .
  • the commercial power supply system and the emergency-response fuel cell system are connected, the power supply to the home is supplied from the commercial power supply system. Power may be used as the main power source, and the emergency-response fuel cell may not generate power or supply supplementary power.
  • the power generation device for activation used in the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention starts up a system including the emergency response type fuel cell that is disconnected from the commercial power supply system in the event of a disaster.
  • Power generators that can supply power include dynamo as a direct current generator and alternator as an alternating current generator, lead-acid battery, lithium ion battery, lithium battery, nickel metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, polymer Examples include chemical batteries such as batteries, silver oxide batteries, air batteries, alkaline batteries, and manganese batteries, and physical batteries such as solar batteries and nuclear batteries. Capacitors are widely used as devices for storing power. Is possible.
  • the power generation device a power generation device mounted on an automobile can be applied. It is preferable that the power generator installed in the automobile is an alternator that generates electricity used in the automobile. By connecting the on-vehicle power generation device to the connection terminal provided in the above-mentioned emergency response type fuel cell, the emergency response type fuel cell can be started.
  • the outlet used in the emergency-response fuel cell system of the present invention is for outputting power generated from the emergency-response fuel cell that is disconnected from the commercial power supply system in the event of an emergency.
  • the shape of the outlet is not particularly defined, but it is preferably a JIS standard outlet. In addition, even if the number of outlets is not particularly defined, it is preferable that there are two or more! /.
  • the hot water storage tank used in the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention stores heat exchange water that generates heat accompanying the power generation of the fuel cell, and surrounds the emergency response type fuel cell. It is connected to the circulation path arranged in
  • the load device used in the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention is a device for consuming surplus power when the emergency response type fuel cell generates electric power more than the power consumption at home.
  • load devices that can make effective use of electric power include heaters and lighting devices.
  • other devices such as heaters are installed in the hot water storage tank or in the emergency fuel cell system body. It may be integrated.
  • Such a load device is not limited to the case where the emergency response type fuel cell is disconnected from the commercial power system, and the amount of power generated by the emergency response type fuel cell is consumed even when the emergency response type fuel cell is connected. The surplus power exceeding the power may be effectively used.
  • the emergency-ready fuel cell is normally connected to a commercial power supply system. Electricity generated by the emergency response type fuel cell is supplied to the home, and if the power generation amount of the emergency response type fuel cell is insufficient relative to the power consumption in the home, the shortage is supplied from the commercial power system. Or during normal times, it is connected to the commercial power supply system, and the power from the commercial power supply system is supplied to the home as the main power supply. Power generation may be supplementarily supplied. If the amount of power generated by the emergency response type fuel cell is excessive with respect to the power consumption at home, the surplus power is supplied to the load device, and the heat generated by the power generation of the emergency response type fuel cell is exchanged by the cooling medium. In addition, it is possible to effectively use surplus power and heat generated by power generation.
  • the connection between the emergency response type fuel cell and the commercial power system is disconnected by the interconnection protection device, and the emergency response type fuel cell is activated by the power generation device. Supply the generated power to the home from an outlet.
  • the emergency response type fuel cell can be started by connecting the connection terminal with the power generation device provided in the emergency response type fuel cell to the power generation device mounted on the automobile.
  • the amount of power generated by an emergency-ready fuel cell can be effectively utilized in the same way as during grid connection when surplus power is generated relative to the power consumed at home, or when the emergency-ready fuel cell generates power. Even in an emergency when disconnected from the commercial power system, it can stably supply power to the home.
  • the emergency-response fuel cell system of the present invention includes an emergency-response fuel cell 1, an interconnection protection device 2, a load device 3, a power generation device 4, a hot water tank 5, and an outlet. 6 is provided.
  • a heater is used as a load device, which is built into the hot water tank and configured as a unit. In normal times, connect a commercial power supply and an emergency fuel cell, as shown by the arrows in the figure.
  • the fuel cell system is activated using a commercial power source. The power generated after startup is provided to household loads as shown by the arrows in Fig. 2. In the event of a disaster, as shown in Fig.
  • the interconnection protection device disconnects the fuel cell from the commercial power source, and the emergency-response fuel cell is activated using the power generator, as shown by the arrow in the figure. Supply and do.
  • the power generated after startup is output from the outlet attached to the emergency fuel cell body to the household load, and the surplus power is consumed by the load device.
  • the emergency-response fuel cell system of the present invention includes an emergency-response fuel cell 1, an interconnection protection device 2, a load device 3, a connection terminal 7, an outlet 6, and a hot water tank. 5 is provided.
  • a heater is used as a load device, which is built into the hot water tank and configured as a unit.
  • the interconnection protection device disconnects the emergency-ready fuel cell from the commercial power source, and the emergency-ready fuel cell is activated by the power generator installed in the vehicle and the emergency-ready fuel cell.
  • the connection terminal provided in the pond is connected, and power is supplied as shown by an arrow in the figure.
  • the power generated after startup is output to the household load from the outlet attached to the emergency response fuel cell body, and the surplus power is consumed by the load device.
  • the emergency-ready fuel cell system of the present invention uses an emergency-ready fuel cell that can be disconnected from the commercial power supply system to enable independent power generation in the event of a disaster, and thus is highly safe and extremely useful. Suitable for practical use and industrial production is possible.

Abstract

A fuel battery system adaptable to an emergency condition in which distributed power supplies can be used in connection with a commercial power supply near power demand places. If the fuel system is disconnected from the commercial power supply, it can generate power independently and can start power generation. Avoiding short-circuit accidents in disaster, it can supply power to households and perform safe operation by adequately consume surplus power due to a variation of power consumption by households. A fuel battery system adaptable to an emergency condition comprises a fuel battery adaptable to an emergency condition, a linkage protective device for controlling linkage/disconnection with/from commercial power supply system, a generator for supplying power to start the fuel battery when the fuel battery is disconnected from the commercial power supply system, an outlet for outputting the power from the fuel battery, a hot-water tank for storing a coolant for heat-exchange of the heat produced when the fuel battery generates power, and a load device for consuming the surplus power generated by the fuel battery over the power consumption used by households.

Description

明 細 書  Specification
非常時対応型燃料電池システム  Emergency-response fuel cell system
技術分野  Technical field
[0001] 本発明は効率的に電力を供給し、災害時には商用電源系統と解列して自立発電 を可能とする非常時対応型燃料電池システムに関する。  TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an emergency response type fuel cell system that supplies power efficiently and disconnects from a commercial power supply system in the event of a disaster to enable independent power generation.
背景技術  Background art
[0002] 近年、水素と酸素から水を生成する反応を利用して電気を発生させる燃料電池を 利用した、エネルギー利用効率のょ 、発電システムの開発が活発に行われて 、る。 燃料電池システムは、天然ガス、都市ガス、メタノール、 LPG、ブタンなどの燃料ガス と水を用いて水素を生成させ、生成した水素中に含まれる一酸化炭素を改質装置に より除去してアノードに供給し、この水素と力ソードに供給した酸素 (空気）との反応に より水の生成と共にアノード、力ソード間に生じる電位差を利用して電力供給を可能と する。このアノード、力ソード間に生じる電位差は、通常 IV弱程度であるため、所望 の電圧レベルが得られるように複数のセルを多段に設けた燃料電池スタックが用いら れている。このような燃料電池システムの中でも、固体高分子形燃料電池 (PEFC)を 用いた燃料電池システムは、固体高分子電解質膜を介してアノードと力ソードを設け た固体高分子形燃料電池 (PEFC)が、高い出力密度が得られ、取り扱いが容易なこ となどから、家庭用として特に注目を集めている。  [0002] In recent years, power generation systems have been actively developed in terms of energy utilization efficiency using fuel cells that generate electricity using a reaction of generating water from hydrogen and oxygen. A fuel cell system generates hydrogen using water and a fuel gas such as natural gas, city gas, methanol, LPG, and butane, and removes carbon monoxide contained in the generated hydrogen by a reformer. It is possible to supply electric power by utilizing the potential difference generated between the anode and the power sword along with the generation of water by the reaction between this hydrogen and oxygen (air) supplied to the power sword. Since the potential difference generated between the anode and the force sword is usually about IV, a fuel cell stack in which a plurality of cells are provided in multiple stages so as to obtain a desired voltage level is used. Among such fuel cell systems, a fuel cell system using a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) in which an anode and a force sword are provided via a polymer electrolyte membrane. However, it has attracted particular attention for household use because of its high power density and ease of handling.
[0003] カゝかる燃料電池を利用した燃料電池システムとしては、燃料ガスカゝら水素を生成す る改質装置、固体高分子型燃料電池 (PEFC)、制御装置、交流変換装置、発電時 に発生する熱を回収するため水タンクに収納する水を温水とする熱交^^や、この 温水を貯留する貯留タンクなどを設けた熱回収装置などを備えたものが知られており 、商用電源に連系するか、あるいは可搬型発電システムとして商用電源とは別個に 使用されるものが開発されて ヽる。商用電源と連系して使用される燃料電池システム では、起動時に商用電力を用いて、制御装置や補機類の駆動を行なう。ここで、商 用電源に連系するとは、商用電源と相互接続することをいい、このようなシステムにお いて、電力消費量 (負荷)が燃料電池の発電量より小さくなり、余剰電力が生じると、 燃料電池で発電された電力が商用電源に流れ込む逆潮流現象を予防するため、余 剰電力を的確に処理できるシステム (特許文献 1)も報告されている。しかしながら、 商用電源と連系して使用する発電システムにおいては、自然現象などの非常事態が 発生し商用電力の供給が停止した場合には、燃料電池システムは起動することがで きず、発電することは不可能になる。一方、可搬型発電システムとしては、災害時に 対応するために水素貯蔵タンクを積んだり、二次電池を設置したシステムが報告され ている（特許文献 2)。し力しこれらシステムは、都市ガスの供給が停止するような非常 時において、発電を行なうバックアップ電源用であり、日常の家庭の電源として使用 することは考慮されて 、な 、。 [0003] A fuel cell system using a fuel cell that can be produced includes a reformer that generates hydrogen from a fuel gas cartridge, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), a controller, an AC converter, and power generation. It is known to have a heat exchanger that uses hot water as the water stored in the water tank to recover the generated heat, and a heat recovery device with a storage tank that stores this hot water. A portable power generation system that can be used separately from a commercial power source has been developed. In a fuel cell system used in conjunction with a commercial power source, the control device and auxiliary equipment are driven using commercial power at startup. Here, interconnecting with a commercial power source means interconnecting with a commercial power source. In such a system, the power consumption (load) is smaller than the power generation amount of the fuel cell, and surplus power is generated. When, In order to prevent the reverse power flow phenomenon in which the power generated by the fuel cell flows into the commercial power supply, a system (Patent Document 1) that can accurately process surplus power has also been reported. However, in a power generation system that is used in conjunction with a commercial power supply, if an emergency such as a natural phenomenon occurs and the supply of commercial power is stopped, the fuel cell system cannot be started up and cannot generate power. Is impossible. On the other hand, as a portable power generation system, a system in which a hydrogen storage tank is loaded or a secondary battery is installed to respond to a disaster has been reported (Patent Document 2). However, these systems are used as a backup power source for generating electricity in the event of an emergency when the supply of city gas stops, and are considered to be used as a daily household power source.
特許文献 1 :特開 2004— 213985号公報  Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-213985
特許文献 2：特開平 8 - 287933号公報  Patent Document 2: JP-A-8-287933
発明の開示  Disclosure of the invention
発明が解決しょうとする課題  Problems to be solved by the invention
[0004] 本発明の課題は、電力需要サイドにおける要請である電力需要場所に近接した、 オンサイト化発電、過疎地 ·離島における発電、小電力発電、高発電変換効率化発 電、クリーンエネルギー化発電等の分散型発電による電源を、商用電源と連系して 使用することができ、商用電源と切断されても、自立運転や、自立起動が可能であり 、災害時などの短絡事故を回避して家庭への電力を供給することができ、家庭の消 費電力の変動による余剰電力を適切に消費して安全運転ができる災害時対応型燃 料電池システムを提供することにある。 [0004] The problem of the present invention is that on-site power generation, power generation in a depopulated area / isolated island, small power generation, high power conversion efficiency generation power generation, clean energy conversion, which is close to the power demand place, which is a demand on the power demand side Power generated by distributed power generation such as power generation can be used in conjunction with commercial power, and even if it is disconnected from commercial power, it can be operated independently and started up independently, avoiding short-circuit accidents during disasters, etc. Thus, it is an object to provide a disaster-proof fuel cell system that can supply electric power to the home and can safely operate by appropriately consuming surplus power due to fluctuations in household power consumption.
課題を解決するための手段  Means for solving the problem
[0005] 本発明者らは、上記課題を達成すベぐ家庭の電力をまかなうために、平常時は、 商用電力と接続し、災害時など、商用電力が停止したり、あるいは、短絡していたりす る危険があるときは、商用電力と切り離して燃料電池を起動させる家庭用燃料電池シ ステムについて鋭意研究した。その結果、商用電力が停止したり、あるいは、短絡し ていたりする危険があるときは、商用電力と切り離して燃料電池を起動させ、家庭へ 電力を供給する。このとき、家庭における消費電力より過剰の発電を行ない、余剰電 力は別途負荷装置で電力を消費することにより、非常時においても、家庭における消 費電力の変動にも、即刻対応して発電することが可能であり、平常時の電力供給に おいても、商用電源と併用した分散型電力供給を可能にできることの知見を得て、か かる知見に基づき、本発明をするに至った。 [0005] In order to cover household power to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors usually connect with commercial power and the commercial power stops or is short-circuited during a disaster or the like. When there is a risk of accidents, we have conducted extensive research on a domestic fuel cell system that activates the fuel cell separately from commercial power. As a result, when there is a danger that commercial power will be stopped or short-circuited, the fuel cell is activated separately from the commercial power to supply power to the home. At this time, power is generated in excess of the power consumed at home, and surplus power is consumed by a separate load device, so that it can be consumed at home even in an emergency. It is possible to instantly generate power in response to fluctuations in power consumption, and it is necessary to obtain knowledge that it is possible to use distributed power supply in combination with commercial power supply even during normal power supply. Based on knowledge, it came to make this invention.
[0006] すなわち、本発明は、商用電源系統と連系し家庭へ電力を供給する非常時対応型 燃料電池を備えた非常時対応型燃料電池システムであって、商用電源系統と解列し たときは自立運転が可能である非常時対応型燃料電池システムに関する。好ましく は、商用電源系統と解列したときは発電装置を用いて起動可能であり、発電装置が、 自動車に搭載した発電装置であり、非常時対応型燃料電池が自動車に搭載した発 電装置との接続端子を有するものであり、商用電源系統と解列したときは非常時対 応型燃料電池に設けたコンセントから家庭へ電力を供給することが可能である。また 、本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムは、非常時対応型燃料電池と、該非常 時対応型燃料電池と商用電源系統との連系、解列を制御する連系保護装置、非常 時対応型燃料電池が商用電源系統と解列したときに非常時対応型燃料電池を起動 する電力を供給する発電装置、非常時対応型燃料電池が商用電源系統と解列した ときに非常時対応型燃料電池の発電電力を出力するコンセント、非常時対応型燃料 電池の発電に伴う発熱の熱交換用の貯湯槽、および非常時対応型燃料電池の発電 量が家庭における消費電力を上回る余剰電力を消費するための負荷装置を備えた ことを特徴とする非常時対応型燃料電池システムに関する。  That is, the present invention is an emergency-ready fuel cell system including an emergency-ready fuel cell that is connected to a commercial power supply system and supplies electric power to a home, and is disconnected from the commercial power supply system. In some cases, the present invention relates to an emergency type fuel cell system capable of independent operation. Preferably, when disconnected from the commercial power system, it can be started using a power generation device, the power generation device is a power generation device mounted on an automobile, and an emergency-response fuel cell is installed on the vehicle. When it is disconnected from the commercial power supply system, it is possible to supply power to the home from an outlet provided in the emergency-response fuel cell. The emergency-response fuel cell system of the present invention includes an emergency-response fuel cell, a connection protection device that controls connection and disconnection between the emergency-response fuel cell and a commercial power supply system, A power generator that supplies power to start the emergency-response fuel cell when the compatible fuel cell is disconnected from the commercial power system, and an emergency response type when the emergency-compatible fuel cell is disconnected from the commercial power system The outlet that outputs the power generated by the fuel cell, the hot water tank for exchanging heat generated by the power generation of the emergency fuel cell, and the power generated by the emergency fuel cell consumes surplus power that exceeds the power consumption at home. The present invention relates to an emergency response type fuel cell system characterized by comprising a load device.
発明の効果  The invention's effect
[0007] 本発明は、電力需要サイドにおける要請である電力需要場所に近接した、オンサイ ト化発電、過疎地 ·離島における発電、小電力発電、高発電変換効率化発電、タリー ンェネルギー化発電等の分散型発電による電源を、商用電源と連系して使用するこ とができ、商用電源と切断されても、自立運転や、自立起動が可能であり、災害時な どの短絡事故を回避して家庭への電力を供給することができ、家庭の消費電力の変 動による余剰電力を適切に消費して安全運転ができる。  [0007] The present invention relates to on-site power generation, power generation in depopulated and remote islands, low-power power generation, high power conversion efficiency power generation, and tally energy generation power Power generated by distributed generation can be used in conjunction with commercial power, and even if it is disconnected from commercial power, it can operate independently and start up independently, avoiding short-circuit accidents such as during a disaster. Electricity can be supplied to the home, and surplus power due to fluctuations in home power consumption can be consumed appropriately for safe driving.
図面の簡単な説明  Brief Description of Drawings
[0008] [図 1]本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムの実施例 1における平常時の起動状 態を示す図である。 [図 2]本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムの実施例 1における平常時の運転状 態を示す図である。 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a normal startup state in Example 1 of an emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a normal operation state in Example 1 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
[図 3]本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムの実施例 1における非常時の起動状 態を示す図である。  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an emergency startup state in Example 1 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
[図 4]本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムの実施例 1における非常時の運転状 態を示す図である。  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an emergency operation state in Example 1 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
[図 5]本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムの実施例 2における平常時の起動状 態を示す図である。  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a normal startup state in Embodiment 2 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
[図 6]本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムの実施例 2における平常時の運転状 態を示す図である。  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a normal operation state in Example 2 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
[図 7]本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムの実施例 2における非常時の起動状 態を示す図である。  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an emergency startup state in Embodiment 2 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
[図 8]本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムの実施例 2における非常時の運転状 態を示す図である。  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an emergency operation state in Embodiment 2 of the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention.
符号の説明  Explanation of symbols
[0009] 1 非常時対応型燃料電池 [0009] 1 Emergency fuel cell
2 連系保護装置  2 Linkage protection device
3 負荷装置  3 Load device
4 発電装置  4 Power generation equipment
5 貯湯槽  5 Hot water tank
6 コンセント  6 Outlet
7 接続端子  7 Connection terminal
発明を実施するための最良の形態  BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0010] 本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムは、商用電源系統と連系し家庭へ電力 を供給する非常時対応型燃料電池を備えた非常時対応型燃料電池システムであつ て、商用電源系統と解列したときは自立運転が可能であるものであれば、特に制限さ れるものではない。本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムとして、例えば、非常時 対応型燃料電池と、該非常時対応型燃料電池と商用電源系統との連系、解列を制 御する連系保護装置、非常時対応型燃料電池が商用電源系統と解列したときに非 常時対応型燃料電池を起動する電力を供給する発電装置、非常時対応型燃料電池 が商用電源系統と解列したときに非常時対応型燃料電池の発電電力を出力するコ ンセント、非常時対応型燃料電池の発電に伴う発熱の熱交換用の貯湯槽、および非 常時対応型燃料電池の発電量が家庭における消費電力を上回る余剰電力を消費 するための負荷装置を備えたものとすることができる。 [0010] The emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention is an emergency response type fuel cell system including an emergency response type fuel cell that is connected to a commercial power supply system and supplies electric power to a home. There is no particular limitation as long as it can operate independently when disconnected from the grid. As an emergency-ready fuel cell system of the present invention, for example, an emergency-ready fuel cell, and the connection and disconnection of the emergency-ready fuel cell and a commercial power supply system are controlled. Connected protection device, power generation device that supplies power to start the emergency response fuel cell when the emergency response fuel cell is disconnected from the commercial power supply system, and emergency response fuel cell is connected to the commercial power supply system The outlet that outputs the power generated by the emergency response type fuel cell when disconnected, the hot water storage tank for heat exchange generated by the power generation of the emergency response type fuel cell, and the power generation amount of the emergency response type fuel cell It can be equipped with a load device for consuming surplus power that exceeds the power consumption at home.
[0011] 本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムに用いられる非常時対応型燃料電池と しては、家庭への電力を供給できる発電を行なえるものであれば、いずれのものも使 用することができ、例えば、電解質として、水酸ィ匕カリウム等を用いるアルカリ形燃料 電池 (AFC)、電解質としてリン酸を用いるリン酸形燃料電池 (PAFC)、電解質として 高分子膜を用いる固体高分子形燃料電池 (PEFC)、電解質として溶融炭酸塩を用 いる溶融炭酸塩形燃料電池 (MCFC)、電解質として安定化ジルコニァ等の酸素導 電性固体酸ィ匕物を用いる固体酸ィ匕物形燃料電池（SOFC)などを挙げることができる 。これらの内、小型であり、取扱いが容易な固体高分子形燃料電池が好ましい。  [0011] As the emergency response type fuel cell used in the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention, any type can be used as long as it can generate electric power capable of supplying power to the home. For example, alkaline fuel cells (AFC) that use potassium hydroxide or the like as an electrolyte, phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC) that use phosphoric acid as an electrolyte, solid polymers that use a polymer membrane as an electrolyte Fuel cell (PEFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) using molten carbonate as electrolyte, solid oxide fuel using oxygen-conducting solid oxide such as stabilized zirconia as electrolyte Examples include batteries (SOFC). Among these, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell that is small and easy to handle is preferable.
[0012] 力かる固体高分子形燃料電池は、炭化水素などの炭素含有の燃料ガスと水とを用 Vヽて燃料である水素を生成し、反応混合ガス力ゝらー酸ィ匕炭素を除去した水素を作成 する改質装置を備え、固体高分子膜を介してアノードと力ソードが設けられるセルを 有する。固体高分子形燃料電池において、改質装置で生成された水素と空気とをそ れぞれアノードと力ソードに供給して、水素と空気中の酸素の反応によりアノード、力 ソード間に生じる電位差を利用して電力を取り出すことができる。固体高分子形燃料 電池において所望の電位差を得るため必要に応じて、セルを多段に設けたものが好 ましい。このような固体高分子形燃料電池において水素の生成に用いられる炭素含 有の燃料ガスとしては、平常時においては都市ガスを用い、非常時において後述す る連系保護装置による商用電源と燃料電池との解列に伴い、可搬型のボンべゃ定 置型のタンクなどに貯蔵される炭素含有燃料ガスに切り替えて使用することも可能で あるが、平常時、非常時を問わず、可搬型または定置型貯蔵部に貯蔵される天然ガ ス、メタノール、 LPG、ブタン、ナフサ、灯油などの炭素含有燃料を用いることが、配 管を必要としな 、ため好ま 、。 [0013] また、上記非常時対応型燃料電池には後述する自動車に搭載する発電装置により 起動される際に、自動車に搭載する発電装置との接続端子を有するものが好ましい 。接続端子はどのような形状であってもよい。 [0012] A powerful polymer electrolyte fuel cell uses hydrogen-containing fuel gas such as hydrocarbons and water to produce hydrogen as a fuel, and produces a reaction mixture gas power from acid and carbon. It has a reformer that creates the removed hydrogen and has a cell in which an anode and a force sword are provided via a solid polymer membrane. In a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, hydrogen and air generated by a reformer are supplied to an anode and a force sword, respectively, and a potential difference generated between the anode and the force sword due to a reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in the air. Can be used to extract power. In order to obtain a desired potential difference in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, it is preferable that cells are provided in multiple stages as necessary. As a carbon-containing fuel gas used for hydrogen generation in such a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, city gas is used in normal times, and in an emergency, a commercial power source and a fuel cell by a connection protection device described later are used. Can be used by switching to carbon-containing fuel gas stored in a portable tank stationary tank, etc. It is preferable to use carbon-containing fuels such as natural gas, methanol, LPG, butane, naphtha, and kerosene that are stored in a stationary storage unit because they do not require piping. [0013] In addition, it is preferable that the emergency response type fuel cell has a connection terminal with a power generation device mounted on the automobile when activated by a power generation device mounted on the automobile described later. The connection terminal may have any shape.
[0014] 本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムに用いる連系保護装置は、非常時対応 型燃料電池と商用電源系統との連系、解列を制御し、商用電源系統の通常の電力 供給時においては、非常時対応型燃料電池を商用電源系統に連系させ、商用電源 系統の停止時においては、非常時対応型燃料電池と商用電源系統との連系を解列 させるものである。ここで、商用電源系統とは、商用電源をいい、商用電源系統との 連系とは、商用電源との接続をいい、連系の解列とは、接続を切断することをいう。連 系保護装置には、非常時対応型燃料電池からの直流を交流に変換して家庭へ交流 電力を供給する直流 Z交流変換装置や、また、商用電源系統の交流を直流に変換 して燃料電池に供給する交流 Z直流変換装置が備えられ、通常時、非常時対応型 燃料電池が商用電源系統に連系しているとき、非常時対応型燃料電池が商用電源 系統からの電力により起電され、非常時対応型燃料電池により発電された電力は家 庭へ供給され、非常時対応型燃料電池の発電量が家庭における消費電力に対して 不足する場合の不足分は商用電源系統力 供給されるようにしてもよい。  [0014] The interconnection protection device used in the emergency-response fuel cell system of the present invention controls the interconnection and disconnection of the emergency-response fuel cell and the commercial power supply system, and supplies normal power to the commercial power supply system. At times, the emergency-response fuel cell is connected to the commercial power system, and when the commercial power system is stopped, the emergency-response fuel cell and the commercial power system are disconnected. Here, the commercial power supply system means a commercial power supply, the interconnection with the commercial power supply system means the connection with the commercial power supply, and the disconnection of the interconnection means the disconnection. The grid protection device includes a DC Z-AC converter that converts the direct current from the emergency-response fuel cell to alternating current and supplies AC power to the home, and a fuel that converts AC from the commercial power supply system to direct current. When an AC / DC converter is provided to supply the battery and the emergency-response fuel cell is connected to the commercial power supply system, the emergency-response fuel cell is powered by the power from the commercial power supply system. The power generated by the emergency-ready fuel cell is supplied to the home, and when the amount of power generated by the emergency-ready fuel cell is insufficient relative to the power consumption at home, the shortage is supplied to the commercial power system. You may make it do.
[0015] また、連系保護装置には、非常時対応型燃料電池からの発電が商用電源系統へ 逆潮流するのを防止する逆潮流継電器を設けることができる。逆潮流継電器を設け ることにより、非常時対応型燃料電池の発電量が家庭における消費電力に対して過 剰の場合、商用電源系統への悪影響を防止することができる。更に、連系保護装置 には、非常時対応型燃料電池の発電量と家庭における消費電力量とを比較検出す る比較検出装置を設けることができる。商用電源系統と燃料電池システムが連系して いる状態のとき、非常時対応型燃料電池の発電量が家庭における消費電力量より少 ないことが比較検出装置により検出された場合は、商用電源系統から不足電力量を 供給し、また、非常時対応型燃料電池の発電量が家庭における消費電力量より多い ことが比較検出装置により検出された場合は、後述する負荷装置に非常時対応型燃 料電池からの余剰電力を供給してもよ!/ゝ。商用電源系統と非常時対応型燃料電池シ ステムが連系して 、る状態の場合は、家庭への電力供給は商用電源系統からの電 力を主要電源とし、非常時対応型燃料電池の発電は行なわず、または補助的電力 供給を行なうようにしてもょ ヽ。 [0015] In addition, the grid protection device can be provided with a reverse power relay that prevents the power generation from the emergency-response fuel cell from flowing back to the commercial power supply system. By providing a reverse power flow relay, it is possible to prevent adverse effects on the commercial power supply system when the amount of power generated by the emergency type fuel cell is excessive with respect to the power consumption at home. Furthermore, the interconnection protection device can be provided with a comparison detection device for comparing and detecting the power generation amount of the emergency-response fuel cell and the power consumption amount at home. When the commercial power system and the fuel cell system are connected, if the comparative detection device detects that the power generation amount of the emergency-response fuel cell is less than the power consumption at home, the commercial power system If the comparative detection device detects that the amount of power generated by the emergency response type fuel cell is greater than the amount of power consumed at home, the emergency response type fuel is supplied to the load device described later. You can supply surplus power from the battery! / ゝ. When the commercial power supply system and the emergency-response fuel cell system are connected, the power supply to the home is supplied from the commercial power supply system. Power may be used as the main power source, and the emergency-response fuel cell may not generate power or supply supplementary power.
[0016] また、本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムに使用される起動用の発電装置は 、災害時にぉ ヽて商用電源系統と解列した非常時対応型燃料電池を含むシステム を起動する電力を供給するものであり、力かる発電装置としては、直流発電機として ダイナモ、交流発電機としてオルタネーターなどの発電機、鉛蓄電池、リチウムイオン 電池、リチウム系電池、ニッケル水素電池、ニカド電池、ポリマー電池、酸化銀電池、 空気電池、アルカリ電池、マンガン電池などの化学電池や、太陽電池や、原子力電 池などの物理電池を挙げることができ、電力を貯蔵する装置として、広くはキャパシタ 一も適用可能である。  [0016] In addition, the power generation device for activation used in the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention starts up a system including the emergency response type fuel cell that is disconnected from the commercial power supply system in the event of a disaster. Power generators that can supply power include dynamo as a direct current generator and alternator as an alternating current generator, lead-acid battery, lithium ion battery, lithium battery, nickel metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, polymer Examples include chemical batteries such as batteries, silver oxide batteries, air batteries, alkaline batteries, and manganese batteries, and physical batteries such as solar batteries and nuclear batteries. Capacitors are widely used as devices for storing power. Is possible.
[0017] 上記発電装置としては、自動車に搭載された発電装置を適用することができる。自 動車に搭載された発電装置としては、自動車内で用いられる電気を発生するオルタ ネーターであることが好まし 、。自動車搭載発電装置を上述の非常時対応型燃料電 池に設けられた接続端子と接続し、非常時対応型燃料電池を起動させることができ る。  [0017] As the power generation device, a power generation device mounted on an automobile can be applied. It is preferable that the power generator installed in the automobile is an alternator that generates electricity used in the automobile. By connecting the on-vehicle power generation device to the connection terminal provided in the above-mentioned emergency response type fuel cell, the emergency response type fuel cell can be started.
[0018] また、本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムに用いられるコンセントは、非常時 に商用電源系統と解列された非常時対応型燃料電池からの発電を出力するための ものであり、コンセントの形状は特に定めるものではないが、 JIS規格コンセントである ことが好まし 、。またコンセントの個数にっ 、ても特に定めな!/、が 2個以上の複数で あることが好ましい。  [0018] Further, the outlet used in the emergency-response fuel cell system of the present invention is for outputting power generated from the emergency-response fuel cell that is disconnected from the commercial power supply system in the event of an emergency. The shape of the outlet is not particularly defined, but it is preferably a JIS standard outlet. In addition, even if the number of outlets is not particularly defined, it is preferable that there are two or more! /.
[0019] 本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムに用いられる貯湯槽は、燃料電池の発 電に伴う発熱の熱交換用水を貯蔵するものであり、非常時対応型燃料電池を包囲す るように配置される循環路に接続されて設けられて 、る。  [0019] The hot water storage tank used in the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention stores heat exchange water that generates heat accompanying the power generation of the fuel cell, and surrounds the emergency response type fuel cell. It is connected to the circulation path arranged in
[0020] 本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムに使用される負荷装置は、非常時対応 型燃料電池において家庭における消費電力以上に発電した場合の余剰電力を消費 するための装置であり、余剰電力の有効利用を図ることができるものが好ましぐかか る負荷装置としては、ヒーターや照明装置などを挙げることができる。また上記貯湯槽 内や、非常時対応型燃料電池システム本体内にヒーターを設けるなど、他の装置と 一体ィ匕していてもよい。このような負荷装置は、非常時対応型燃料電池が商用電源 系統と解列している場合に限らず、連系している場合であっても、非常時対応型燃料 電池の発電量が消費電力を上回る余剰電力の有効利用を図るものであってもよい。 [0020] The load device used in the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention is a device for consuming surplus power when the emergency response type fuel cell generates electric power more than the power consumption at home. Examples of load devices that can make effective use of electric power include heaters and lighting devices. In addition, other devices such as heaters are installed in the hot water storage tank or in the emergency fuel cell system body. It may be integrated. Such a load device is not limited to the case where the emergency response type fuel cell is disconnected from the commercial power system, and the amount of power generated by the emergency response type fuel cell is consumed even when the emergency response type fuel cell is connected. The surplus power exceeding the power may be effectively used.
[0021] このような本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムにおいては、平常時、商用電 源系統に連系し、非常時対応型燃料電池は商用電源系統からの電力により起電さ れ、非常時対応型燃料電池により発電された電力は家庭へ供給され、非常時対応 型燃料電池の発電量が家庭における消費電力に対して不足する場合の不足分は商 用電源系統から供給される。あるいは、平常時、商用電源系統に連系し、商用電源 系統からの電力を家庭への主要電源として供給し、非常時対応型燃料電池の発電 は行なわず、または非常時対応型燃料電池力もの発電は補助的に供給してもよい。 非常時対応型燃料電池の発電量が家庭における消費電力に対して過剰の場合、余 剰電力を負荷装置に供給し、また、非常時対応型燃料電池の発電に伴う発熱を冷 媒により熱交換し、余剰電力や発電に伴う発熱の有効利用を図ることができる。  [0021] In such an emergency-ready fuel cell system of the present invention, the emergency-ready fuel cell is normally connected to a commercial power supply system. Electricity generated by the emergency response type fuel cell is supplied to the home, and if the power generation amount of the emergency response type fuel cell is insufficient relative to the power consumption in the home, the shortage is supplied from the commercial power system. Or during normal times, it is connected to the commercial power supply system, and the power from the commercial power supply system is supplied to the home as the main power supply. Power generation may be supplementarily supplied. If the amount of power generated by the emergency response type fuel cell is excessive with respect to the power consumption at home, the surplus power is supplied to the load device, and the heat generated by the power generation of the emergency response type fuel cell is exchanged by the cooling medium. In addition, it is possible to effectively use surplus power and heat generated by power generation.
[0022] 災害時などの非常時においては、非常時対応型燃料電池と商用電源系統との連 系が連系保護装置により解列され、非常時対応型燃料電池を発電装置により起動さ せ、家庭へその発電電力をコンセントから供給する。このとき、非常時対応型燃料電 池に設けられる発電装置との接続端子を自動車に搭載する発電装置と接続して非 常時対応型燃料電池を起動させることもできる。非常時対応型燃料電池の発電量に 家庭における消費電力に対して余剰電力が生じる場合や、非常時対応型燃料電池 の発電に伴う発熱は、連系時と同様に有効利用を図ることができ、商用電源系統と解 列した非常時においても、安定して家庭への電力を供給することができる。  [0022] In an emergency such as a disaster, the connection between the emergency response type fuel cell and the commercial power system is disconnected by the interconnection protection device, and the emergency response type fuel cell is activated by the power generation device. Supply the generated power to the home from an outlet. At this time, the emergency response type fuel cell can be started by connecting the connection terminal with the power generation device provided in the emergency response type fuel cell to the power generation device mounted on the automobile. The amount of power generated by an emergency-ready fuel cell can be effectively utilized in the same way as during grid connection when surplus power is generated relative to the power consumed at home, or when the emergency-ready fuel cell generates power. Even in an emergency when disconnected from the commercial power system, it can stably supply power to the home.
実施例 1  Example 1
[0023] 以下、本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムを、図面を参照して具体的に説明 する力 本発明の技術的範囲はこれに限定されるものではない。  Hereinafter, the power for specifically explaining the emergency response type fuel cell system of the present invention with reference to the drawings. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
[0024] 本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムには、図 1に示すように、非常時対応型 燃料電池 1、連系保護装置 2、負荷装置 3、発電装置 4、貯湯槽 5、コンセント 6が備え られる。負荷装置としてヒーターを使用し、これを貯湯槽内に組み込み、一体として構 成する。平常時は商用電源と非常時対応型燃料電池を接続し、図中矢印で示すよう に、商用電源を用いて燃料電池システムの起動を行う。起動後発電した電力は、図 2 における矢印で示すように、家庭の負荷へ提供される。災害時は、図 3に示すように 、連系保護装置が燃料電池を商用電源と切断し、非常時対応型燃料電池の起動は 発電装置を用いて、図中矢印で示すように、電力を供給して行なう。起動後発電した 電力は、図 4に示すように、非常時対応型燃料電池本体に付帯したコンセントから家 庭負荷へ出力され、余った電力は負荷装置で消費する。 As shown in FIG. 1, the emergency-response fuel cell system of the present invention includes an emergency-response fuel cell 1, an interconnection protection device 2, a load device 3, a power generation device 4, a hot water tank 5, and an outlet. 6 is provided. A heater is used as a load device, which is built into the hot water tank and configured as a unit. In normal times, connect a commercial power supply and an emergency fuel cell, as shown by the arrows in the figure. In addition, the fuel cell system is activated using a commercial power source. The power generated after startup is provided to household loads as shown by the arrows in Fig. 2. In the event of a disaster, as shown in Fig. 3, the interconnection protection device disconnects the fuel cell from the commercial power source, and the emergency-response fuel cell is activated using the power generator, as shown by the arrow in the figure. Supply and do. As shown in Fig. 4, the power generated after startup is output from the outlet attached to the emergency fuel cell body to the household load, and the surplus power is consumed by the load device.
実施例 2  Example 2
[0025] 本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムには、図 5に示すように、非常時対応型 燃料電池 1、連系保護装置 2、負荷装置 3、接続端子 7、コンセント 6、貯湯槽 5が備え られる。負荷装置としてヒーターを使用し、これを貯湯槽内に組み込み、一体として構 成する。平常運転時は商用電源と非常時対応型燃料電池を接続し、図中矢印で示 すように、商用電源を用いて非常時対応型燃料電池システムの起動を行う。起動後 発電した電力は、図 6における矢印で示すように、家庭の負荷へ提供される。災害時 は、図 7に示すように、連系保護装置が非常時対応型燃料電池を商用電源と切断し 、非常時対応型燃料電池の起動は自動車搭載の発電装置と非常時対応型燃料電 池に設けられた接続端子を接続して、図中矢印で示すように、電力を供給して行なう 。起動後発電した電力は、図 8に示すように、非常時対応型燃料電池本体に付帯し たコンセントから家庭負荷へ出力され、余った電力は負荷装置で消費する。  As shown in FIG. 5, the emergency-response fuel cell system of the present invention includes an emergency-response fuel cell 1, an interconnection protection device 2, a load device 3, a connection terminal 7, an outlet 6, and a hot water tank. 5 is provided. A heater is used as a load device, which is built into the hot water tank and configured as a unit. During normal operation, connect the commercial power supply and the emergency type fuel cell, and start the emergency type fuel cell system using the commercial power source as shown by the arrow in the figure. After startup, the generated power is provided to household loads as shown by the arrows in Fig. 6. In the event of a disaster, as shown in Fig. 7, the interconnection protection device disconnects the emergency-ready fuel cell from the commercial power source, and the emergency-ready fuel cell is activated by the power generator installed in the vehicle and the emergency-ready fuel cell. The connection terminal provided in the pond is connected, and power is supplied as shown by an arrow in the figure. As shown in Fig. 8, the power generated after startup is output to the household load from the outlet attached to the emergency response fuel cell body, and the surplus power is consumed by the load device.
産業上の利用可能性  Industrial applicability
[0026] 本発明の非常時対応型燃料電池システムは、災害時には商用電源系統と解列し て自立発電を可能とする非常時対応型燃料電池を用いるため、安全性が高く非常に 有用であり実用に適し、工業的生産が可能である。 [0026] The emergency-ready fuel cell system of the present invention uses an emergency-ready fuel cell that can be disconnected from the commercial power supply system to enable independent power generation in the event of a disaster, and thus is highly safe and extremely useful. Suitable for practical use and industrial production is possible.

Claims

請求の範囲 The scope of the claims
[1] 商用電源系統と連系し家庭へ電力を供給する非常時対応型燃料電池を備えた非 常時対応型燃料電池システムであって、商用電源系統と解列したときは自立運転が 可能である非常時対応型燃料電池システム。  [1] An emergency-ready fuel cell system with an emergency-ready fuel cell that is connected to the commercial power supply system and supplies power to the home, and can operate independently when disconnected from the commercial power supply system. An emergency type fuel cell system.
[2] 商用電源系統と解列したときは発電装置を用いて起動可能であることを特徴とする 請求項 1記載の非常時対応型燃料電池システム。  [2] The emergency-response fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell system can be started using a power generator when disconnected from the commercial power system.
[3] 発電装置が自動車に搭載した発電装置であり、非常時対応型燃料電池が自動車 に搭載した発電装置との接続端子を有することを特徴とする請求項 2記載の非常時 対応型燃料電池システム。  [3] The emergency-response fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the power-generation device is a power-generation device mounted on an automobile, and the emergency-response fuel cell has a connection terminal with the power-generation device mounted on the automobile. system.
[4] 非常時対応型燃料電池に設けたコンセントから家庭へ電力を供給することが可能 であることを特徴とする請求項 2又は 3記載の非常時対応型燃料電池システム。  [4] The emergency-response fuel cell system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein electric power can be supplied to a home from an outlet provided in the emergency-response fuel cell.
[5] 非常時対応型燃料電池と、該非常時対応型燃料電池と商用電源系統との連系、 解列を制御する連系保護装置、非常時対応型燃料電池が商用電源系統と解列した ときに非常時対応型燃料電池を起動する電力を供給する発電装置、非常時対応型 燃料電池が商用電源系統と解列したときに非常時対応型燃料電池の発電電力を出 力するコンセント、非常時対応型燃料電池の発電に伴う発熱の熱交換用の貯湯槽、 および非常時対応型燃料電池の発電量が家庭における消費電力を上回る余剰電 力を消費するための負荷装置を備えたことを特徴とする請求項 1〜4のいずれか記 載の非常時対応型燃料電池システム。  [5] Emergency response type fuel cell, connection between emergency response type fuel cell and commercial power supply system, interconnection protection device for controlling disconnection, emergency response type fuel cell disconnected from commercial power supply system A power generator that supplies power to start the emergency-response fuel cell when the emergency-response fuel cell is disconnected from the commercial power system, and an outlet that outputs the power generated by the emergency-response fuel cell, A hot water storage tank for exchanging heat generated by the power generation of an emergency response type fuel cell, and a load device for consuming surplus power that exceeds the power consumption of the emergency response type fuel cell at home An emergency response type fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
PCT/JP2006/325885 2005-12-28 2006-12-26 Fuel battery system adaptable to emergency condition WO2007077820A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005377240A JP2007179886A (en) 2005-12-28 2005-12-28 Fuel cell system for coping with emergency
JP2005-377240 2005-12-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007077820A1 true WO2007077820A1 (en) 2007-07-12

Family

ID=38228173

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2006/325885 WO2007077820A1 (en) 2005-12-28 2006-12-26 Fuel battery system adaptable to emergency condition

Country Status (3)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2007179886A (en)
TW (1) TW200810320A (en)
WO (1) WO2007077820A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5511481B2 (en) * 2010-04-19 2014-06-04 日本電信電話株式会社 Power supply system and power supply operation method
JP5820972B2 (en) * 2011-11-08 2015-11-24 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Power converter
JP5422780B1 (en) 2012-03-29 2014-02-19 パナソニック株式会社 Fuel cell system
US20150147670A1 (en) 2012-06-29 2015-05-28 Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation Solid oxide fuel cell system

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000333386A (en) * 1999-05-18 2000-11-30 Ntt Power & Building Facilities Inc Back-up power supply system
JP2003032906A (en) * 2001-07-11 2003-01-31 Osaka Gas Co Ltd Power supply unit
JP2004103258A (en) * 2002-09-04 2004-04-02 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Battery pack
JP2004316535A (en) * 2003-04-16 2004-11-11 Hitachi Ltd Cogeneration system
JP2004353896A (en) * 2003-05-27 2004-12-16 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Cogeneration system
JP2005032599A (en) * 2003-07-07 2005-02-03 Sony Corp Fuel cell power generation system and fuel cell power generation control method, as well as fuel cell generator

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4059458B2 (en) * 1998-07-16 2008-03-12 富士電機ホールディングス株式会社 DC output fuel cell power generator
JP3985390B2 (en) * 1999-06-17 2007-10-03 日産自動車株式会社 Power management system
JP3889553B2 (en) * 2000-06-23 2007-03-07 三洋電機株式会社 Method and apparatus for controlling fuel cell system
JP2002063927A (en) * 2000-08-23 2002-02-28 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Control method of fuel cell system and its device
JP3758986B2 (en) * 2001-04-10 2006-03-22 三菱重工業株式会社 Power control system
JP4251287B2 (en) * 2004-01-13 2009-04-08 富士電機ホールディングス株式会社 Power supply method for self-supporting load in fuel cell power generator
JP5156171B2 (en) * 2004-03-29 2013-03-06 京セラ株式会社 Fuel cell system
JP4140552B2 (en) * 2004-04-28 2008-08-27 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Automotive power supply device and automobile equipped with the same

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000333386A (en) * 1999-05-18 2000-11-30 Ntt Power & Building Facilities Inc Back-up power supply system
JP2003032906A (en) * 2001-07-11 2003-01-31 Osaka Gas Co Ltd Power supply unit
JP2004103258A (en) * 2002-09-04 2004-04-02 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Battery pack
JP2004316535A (en) * 2003-04-16 2004-11-11 Hitachi Ltd Cogeneration system
JP2004353896A (en) * 2003-05-27 2004-12-16 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Cogeneration system
JP2005032599A (en) * 2003-07-07 2005-02-03 Sony Corp Fuel cell power generation system and fuel cell power generation control method, as well as fuel cell generator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2007179886A (en) 2007-07-12
TW200810320A (en) 2008-02-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU2006240708B2 (en) Electric power supply system
JP5253967B2 (en) Fuel cell power generation system
JP2007312597A (en) Energy generating system for home consumption
JP2007503706A (en) Auxiliary fuel cell system
JP2006054976A (en) Equipment with fuel cell mounted thereon
JPH08273680A (en) On-vehcle fuel cell power genreation device
JP2006210168A (en) Secondary battery charging system
JP6174578B2 (en) Solid oxide fuel cell system
WO2007077820A1 (en) Fuel battery system adaptable to emergency condition
KR101418422B1 (en) System for independent start-up of fuel cell for ship
JP2004171973A (en) Fuel cell power generation system
JP2016515190A (en) Heating equipment and method of operating heating equipment
JP2014204636A (en) Distributed power supply system
CN101170178B (en) Fuel battery system for apartment building and control method of the system
CN101170179B (en) Fuel battery system for apartment building and its operation method
WO2008066228A1 (en) Fuel cell system including reliable power distributor
JP2008021558A (en) Performance recovery method of fuel cell system, fuel cell system, and outside unit for performance recovery
JP2012214221A (en) Safety operation method of emergency time coping type fuel cell system
KR101080311B1 (en) Fuel cell system having separate type auxiliary burner and driving method threrof
JP4148623B2 (en) Cogeneration system
JP2008282572A (en) Fuel cell system
JP6213771B2 (en) Fuel cell power generation system
JP6054689B2 (en) Power supply system
JP5266782B2 (en) FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND CONTROL METHOD FOR FUEL CELL SYSTEM
KR101908803B1 (en) Cogeneration system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 06843269

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1