WO2007071300A1 - Method for shifting an automated shift transmission - Google Patents

Method for shifting an automated shift transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007071300A1
WO2007071300A1 PCT/EP2006/010974 EP2006010974W WO2007071300A1 WO 2007071300 A1 WO2007071300 A1 WO 2007071300A1 EP 2006010974 W EP2006010974 W EP 2006010974W WO 2007071300 A1 WO2007071300 A1 WO 2007071300A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clutch
gear
target
speed
transmission
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/010974
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Karl-Fritz Heinzelmann
Original Assignee
Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zf Friedrichshafen Ag filed Critical Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Publication of WO2007071300A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007071300A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/19—Improvement of gear change, e.g. by synchronisation or smoothing gear shift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/40—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism comprising signals other than signals for actuating the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/50—Signals to an engine or motor
    • F16H63/502—Signals to an engine or motor for smoothing gear shifts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/02—Clutches
    • B60W2710/021—Clutch engagement state
    • B60W2710/023—Clutch engagement rate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2710/0644—Engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2306/00—Shifting
    • F16H2306/40—Shifting activities
    • F16H2306/48—Synchronising of new gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H61/0403—Synchronisation before shifting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/68—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for stepped gearings
    • F16H61/682—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for stepped gearings with interruption of drive

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for switching an automated gearbox according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Automated manual transmissions correspond in their construction to essentially manual transmissions, but all operations performed by the manual transmissions of the drivers are handled by electronically controlled actuators. This means that, for example, during a downshift, a clutch is opened or the transmission is switched to a neutral position and thus the tractive force or a braking force applied by the engine is interrupted. In the neutral position, a synchronization process is then performed, for example, by conventional synchronous clutches and / or by adjusting the speed of the engine to a target speed corresponding target speed and brief engagement of the clutch, at which speed equality of the gear elements to be switched is made.
  • a traction interruption has in addition to a general impairment of ride comfort, especially in vehicles with high acceleration capacity and especially when switching back on the train, so when switching back on a slope the disadvantage that a loss of speed occurs, which should be avoided.
  • This transmission concept has the advantage that due to the interplay of a clutch and said shift brake clutch in a transmission shift operation, the traction drop, which is usually caused by the opening phase of the clutch, is applied to the transmission output via the operative connection of the shift brake clutch to the main output shaft. Accordingly, the torque of the drive motor is supported during the switching operation at the transmission output.
  • the two clutches are operated overlapping, which is advantageously reduced by the torque support the drive engine torque to a transferable by the shift brake clutch.
  • the shift brake clutch is opened again, and the propulsion of the vehicle is then again via the transmission.
  • Another modern powertrain of a vehicle has a dual-clutch transmission with two parallel, acting on a transmission output shaft part transmissions, which can be alternately coupled via its own coupling with the drive motor.
  • the next gear is preselected in the sub-transmission which is currently not performing, and subsequently the drive load is transmitted to this sub-transmission.
  • the invention has the object to provide a method for switching an automated manual transmission, in which can be kept as short as possible with simple technical means, the period of traction interruption or brake power interruption in the drive train of a vehicle.
  • the invention is based on the finding that it is possible to transmit a driving or braking torque also via a clutch operated during the shifting process with slip.
  • the invention is therefore based on a method for switching an automated gearbox, in which after the interpretation of the current gear and before inserting the target gear in grinding clutch by adjusting the speed of the drive motor to a target gear at least largely corresponding target speed synchronization of the switching Transmission elements takes place.
  • the method comprises the following method steps: a) partially opening the clutch such that a part of the previously introduced torque is transmitted; b) if the current gear is still engaged while the clutch is being engaged, adjusting the speed of the drive motor to the target speed; c) at least substantially reaching the target speed laying out the current gear and inserting the target gear; d) complete engagement of the clutch.
  • the inventive method has a special meaning when switching back in the train operation, so for example when switching back the transmission on a slope.
  • the invention will therefore be explained in more detail using the example of such a switching operation.
  • the traction should remain as possible without significant interruption, so that the vehicle is not slowed down and the engine speed is increased to the higher speed required for the lower gear.
  • switching operation namely when upshifting in overrun, it might be useful to maintain a force applied by the drive motor braking force while the engine speed is reduced to the required for the higher gear lower speed.
  • the clutch is only so far opened before switching to a new gear that it still transmits a required for maintaining a propulsion or a deceleration of the vehicle torque, but at the same time allowed to change the engine speed to a value such in that it at least largely corresponds to the target rotational speed for the gear to be shifted.
  • switching back is to a speed increase, when upshifting a speed reduction of the drive motor required.
  • the transmission Upon reaching the target speed of the drive motor of the current gear is designed so the transmission therefore switched to its neutral position. Once this neutral position is reached, the synchronization of the transmission speed is performed on the at least partially closed clutch. Once this synchronization process is completed, the target gear is engaged and the clutch fully engaged again, whereby the switching operation is completed.
  • the clutch is not fully disengaged at any time.
  • a train or braking force interruption thus arises only in the short period of time in which the transmission is actually in the neutral position and the synchronization of the transmission speed is performed. In this way, the train or brake power interruption can be reduced to an extremely short period of time.
  • the clutch is fully or largely opened to facilitate this process mechanically. Accordingly, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the clutch can also be completely or largely opened shortly when inserting the target gear in order to facilitate this process.
  • Fig. 1 a the time course of the engine speed during a
  • Fig. 1 b shows a relevant course of the coupling position and Fig. 1c the corresponding course of the gear position.
  • Fig. 1 a to 1c illustrate a switching operation of an automated transmission, as it occurs for example when switching back on a slope.
  • the engine speed n has a value n ⁇ the clutch is closed (closed) and in the transmission, the current gear is engaged.
  • the clutch is opened so far that it can slip at least transfer a part of the previously applied torque.
  • the current gear remains switched.
  • the engine speed n is raised by a relevant control command until a speed n 2 is reached at the time t 2 , which at least approximately corresponds to the target speed for the target gear.
  • the current gear is designed so that at time t 3, the transmission assumes a neutral position.
  • the neutral position is reached (t 3 )
  • the synchronization of the transmission speed is achieved via the still partially closed clutch (solid line), which is reached at time t 4 .
  • the target gear is mechanically inserted from the time t 4 ; this process is completed at time ts.
  • the clutch is then fully engaged again. The switching process is then completed.
  • the clutch during the time intervals t 2 to t 3 and t 4 to 5 5 also completely (dashed line) or partially (dash-dotted line ). In any case, in the time interval of the neutral position (t 3 to t 4 ), the clutch must remain closed so far that it can transmit the torque required for the synchronization of the transmission speed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for shifting an automated shift transmission. Following the disengagement of the current gear and before the engagement of the target gear in the event of a slipping clutch, a synchronisation of the transmission element to be shifted is carried out by regulating the rotational speed of the drive motor to a target rotational speed which at least largely corresponds to the target gear. At the beginning of the shifting process, the clutch is partially opened in such a way that at least part of the previously introduced torque is transmitted and the tractive force, for example, is therefore not interrupted. When the next current gear is engaged, in the event of a slipping clutch, the rotational speed of the drive motor is at least approximately regulated to the target rotational speed. When the target rotational speed is at least largely reached, the current gear is disengaged so that a synchronisation of the transmission rotational speed is generated by means of the partially closed clutch, and the target gear is then engaged. The clutch is then completely closed so that the full tractive force can be transmitted.

Description

Verfahren zum Schalten eines automatisierten Schaltgetriebes Method for switching an automated gearbox
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Schalten eines automatisierten Schaltgetriebes gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a method for switching an automated gearbox according to the preamble of claim 1.
Automatisierte Schaltgetriebe entsprechen in ihrem Aufbau im Wesentlichen manuell betätigten Schaltgetrieben, wobei jedoch alle Vorgänge, die bei einem manuellen Schaltgetriebe der Fahrer ausführt, von elektronisch gesteuerten Aktuatoren übernommen werden. Dies bedeutet, dass beispielsweise während eines Rückschaltvorgangs eine Kupplung geöffnet bzw. das Getriebe in eine Neutralstellung geschaltet und damit die Zugkraft bzw. eine vom Motor aufgebrachte Bremskraft unterbrochen wird. In der Neutralstellung wird dann beispielsweise durch herkömmliche Synchronkupplungen und/oder durch Einregeln der Drehzahl des Motors auf eine dem Zielgang entsprechende Zieldrehzahl und kurzzeitiges Einrücken der Schaltkupplung ein Synchronisiervorgang durchgeführt, bei welchem Drehzahlgleichheit der zu schaltenden Getriebeelemente hergestellt wird.Automated manual transmissions correspond in their construction to essentially manual transmissions, but all operations performed by the manual transmissions of the drivers are handled by electronically controlled actuators. This means that, for example, during a downshift, a clutch is opened or the transmission is switched to a neutral position and thus the tractive force or a braking force applied by the engine is interrupted. In the neutral position, a synchronization process is then performed, for example, by conventional synchronous clutches and / or by adjusting the speed of the engine to a target speed corresponding target speed and brief engagement of the clutch, at which speed equality of the gear elements to be switched is made.
Eine Zugkraftunterbrechung hat neben einer allgemeinen Beeinträchtigung des Fahrkomforts vor allem bei Fahrzeugen mit hohem Beschleunigungsvermögen und insbesondere beim Zurückschalten im Zugbetrieb, also etwa beim Zurückschalten an einer Steigung den Nachteil, dass ein Geschwindigkeitsverlust auftritt, der vermieden werden soll.A traction interruption has in addition to a general impairment of ride comfort, especially in vehicles with high acceleration capacity and especially when switching back on the train, so when switching back on a slope the disadvantage that a loss of speed occurs, which should be avoided.
Es sind deshalb automatische Lastschaltgetriebe entwickelt worden, die unter Last schalten, bei denen also auch während des Schaltvorgangs die Vortriebskraft beziehungsweise eine Abbremskraft des Antriebsstrangs auf das Fahrzeug beibehalten bleibt. Die DE 10 2004 002 283 A1 der Anmelderin zeigt ein Schaltgetriebe, bei welchem das Antriebsmoment des Antriebsmotors während eines Schaltvorganges über einen das eigentliche Getriebe umgehenden, mittels einer gesonderten Schaltbremskupplung zuschaltbaren Antriebsweg auf eine mit den Antriebsrädern des Fahrzeugs antriebsverbundene Hauptabtriebswelle übertragen wird.There are therefore automatic powershift transmission have been developed, which switch under load, in which therefore the driving force or a deceleration force of the drive train is maintained on the vehicle during the switching operation. DE 10 2004 002 283 A1 of the applicant shows a gearbox in which the drive torque of the drive motor is transmitted during a switching operation via a the transmission itself bypassing, switchable by means of a separate shift clutch drive on a drive connected to the drive wheels of the vehicle main output shaft.
Dieses Getriebekonzept ist mit dem Vorteil verbunden, dass durch das Zusammenspiel einer Schaltkupplung und der genannten Schaltbremskupplung bei einem Getriebeschaltvorgang der üblicherweise durch die Öffnungsphase der Schaltkupplung bedingte Zugkraftabfall über die Wirkverbindung der Schaltbremskupplung mit der Hauptabtriebswelle diesem Getriebeabtrieb aufgeschaltet wird. Demnach stützt sich das Drehmoment des Antriebsmotors während des Schaltvorgangs am Getriebeausgang ab. Bei einem Gangwechsel werden die beiden Kupplungen überschneidend betrieben, wobei durch die Drehmomentabstützung das Antriebsmaschinendrehmoment auf ein durch die Schaltbremskupplung übertragbares Maß vorteilhaft reduziert wird. Nach dem Schaltvorgang wird die Schaltbremskupplung wieder geöffnet, und der Vortrieb des Fahrzeugs erfolgt dann wieder über das Schaltgetriebe.This transmission concept has the advantage that due to the interplay of a clutch and said shift brake clutch in a transmission shift operation, the traction drop, which is usually caused by the opening phase of the clutch, is applied to the transmission output via the operative connection of the shift brake clutch to the main output shaft. Accordingly, the torque of the drive motor is supported during the switching operation at the transmission output. In a gear change, the two clutches are operated overlapping, which is advantageously reduced by the torque support the drive engine torque to a transferable by the shift brake clutch. After the switching operation, the shift brake clutch is opened again, and the propulsion of the vehicle is then again via the transmission.
Ein anderer moderner Antriebsstrang eines Fahrzeugs verfügt über ein Doppelkupplungsgetriebe mit zwei parallelen, auf eine Getriebeabtriebswelle wirkenden Teilgetrieben, die abwechselnd jeweils über eine eigene Kupplung mit dem Antriebsmotor gekoppelt werden können. Für den Schaltvorgang wird im gerade nicht leistungsführenden Teilgetriebe der nächste Gang vorgewählt und anschließend die Antriebslast auf dieses Teilgetriebe übertragen.Another modern powertrain of a vehicle has a dual-clutch transmission with two parallel, acting on a transmission output shaft part transmissions, which can be alternately coupled via its own coupling with the drive motor. For the shift operation, the next gear is preselected in the sub-transmission which is currently not performing, and subsequently the drive load is transmitted to this sub-transmission.
Aus der DE 33 34 710 A1 ist zudem eine Einrichtung zum Schalten eines automatisierten Stufenwechselgetriebes gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt, bei welchem vor dem Auslegen des aktuellen Ganges die Kupplung vollständig ausgerückt und erst nach dem Einlegen des Zielganges wieder eingerückt wird, wobei lediglich in einer kurzen Zwischenphase die Kupplung so weit geschlossen wird, dass bei schleifender Kupplung der Eingang des Getriebes mit dem auf die Zieldrehzahl eingeregelten Motor gekoppelt und der Synchronisationsvorgang durchgeführt wird. Dabei wird wegen des in der Neutralstellung befindlichen Getriebes kein Vortrieb auf das Fahrzeug übertragen. Deshalb ergibt sich eine verhältnismäßig lange Zugkraftunterbrechung mit den weiter vorne beschriebenen Nachteilen.From DE 33 34 710 A1 discloses a device for switching an automated step change gear according to the preamble of claim 1 is also known, in which before disengaging the current gear, the clutch fully disengaged and only after the insertion of the target gear is engaged again, wherein only in a short intermediate phase, the clutch is closed so far that when the clutch clutching the input of the transmission is coupled with the adjusted to the target speed motor and the synchronization process is performed. In this case, no propulsion is transmitted to the vehicle because of the transmission located in the neutral position. Therefore, there is a relatively long traction interruption with the disadvantages described earlier.
Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Schalten eines automatisierten Schaltgetriebes vorzuschlagen, bei welchem mit einfachen technischen Mitteln der Zeitraum einer Zugkraftunterbrechung beziehungsweise Bremskraftunterbrechung im Antriebsstrang eines Fahrzeugs möglichst kurz gehalten werden kann.Against this background, the invention has the object to provide a method for switching an automated manual transmission, in which can be kept as short as possible with simple technical means, the period of traction interruption or brake power interruption in the drive train of a vehicle.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruches, während vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung den Unteransprüchen entnehmbar sind.The solution of this problem arises from the features of the main claim, while advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are the dependent claims can be removed.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass es möglich ist, auch über eine während des Schaltvorgangs mit Schlupf betriebene Kupplung ein Antriebs- oder Bremsmoment zu übertragen.The invention is based on the finding that it is possible to transmit a driving or braking torque also via a clutch operated during the shifting process with slip.
Die Erfindung geht demnach aus von einem Verfahren zum Schalten eines automatisierten Schaltgetriebes, bei welchem nach dem Auslegen des aktuellen Ganges und vor dem Einlegen des Zielganges bei schleifender Kupplung durch Einregeln der Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors auf eine dem Zielgang zumindest weitgehend entsprechende Zieldrehzahl eine Synchronisation der zu schaltenden Getriebeelemente erfolgt.The invention is therefore based on a method for switching an automated gearbox, in which after the interpretation of the current gear and before inserting the target gear in grinding clutch by adjusting the speed of the drive motor to a target gear at least largely corresponding target speed synchronization of the switching Transmission elements takes place.
Zur Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe ist dabei vorgesehen, dass das Verfahren folgende Verfahrensschritte umfasst: a) teilweises Öffnen der Kupplung derart, dass ein Teil des zuvor eingeleiteten Drehmomentes übertragen wird; b) bei weiterhin eingelegtem aktuellem Gang bei schleifender Kupplung Einregeln der Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors auf die Zieldrehzahl; c) bei zumindest weitgehendem Erreichen der Zieldrehzahl Auslegen des aktuellen Ganges und Einlegen des Zielganges; d) vollständiges Einrücken der Kupplung.To achieve the object, it is provided that the method comprises the following method steps: a) partially opening the clutch such that a part of the previously introduced torque is transmitted; b) if the current gear is still engaged while the clutch is being engaged, adjusting the speed of the drive motor to the target speed; c) at least substantially reaching the target speed laying out the current gear and inserting the target gear; d) complete engagement of the clutch.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hat eine besondere Bedeutung beim Zurückschalten im Zugbetrieb, also beispielsweise beim Rückschalten des Getriebes an einer Steigung. Die Erfindung wird deshalb am Beispiel eines solchen Schaltvorganges näher erläutert.The inventive method has a special meaning when switching back in the train operation, so for example when switching back the transmission on a slope. The invention will therefore be explained in more detail using the example of such a switching operation.
Dabei soll die Zugkraft möglichst ohne nennenswerte Unterbrechung aufrechterhalten bleiben, so dass sich das Fahrzeug nicht verlangsamt und die Motordrehzahl auf die für den niedrigeren Gang erforderliche höhere Drehzahl angehoben wird.The traction should remain as possible without significant interruption, so that the vehicle is not slowed down and the engine speed is increased to the higher speed required for the lower gear.
Bei einem anderen, hier nicht näher erläuterten Schaltvorgang, nämlich beim Hochschalten im Schubbetrieb, könnte es von Nutzen sein, eine vom Antriebsmotor aufgebrachte Bremskraft aufrechtzuerhalten, während die Motordrehzahl auf die für den höheren Gang erforderliche niedrigere Drehzahl verringert wird.In another, not explained here switching operation, namely when upshifting in overrun, it might be useful to maintain a force applied by the drive motor braking force while the engine speed is reduced to the required for the higher gear lower speed.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird vor dem Umschalten in einen neuen Gang die Kupplung nur so weit geöffnet, dass sie noch ein für die Aufrechterhaltung eines Vortriebes bzw. einer Abbremsung des Fahrzeuges erforderliches Drehmoment überträgt, gleichzeitig aber erlaubt, die Motordrehzahl auf einen Wert derart zu verändern, dass diese der Zieldrehzahl für den zu schaltenden Gang zumindest weitgehend entspricht. Beim Zurückschalten ist dazu eine Drehzahlerhöhung, beim Hochschalten eine Drehzahlverringerung des Antriebsmotors erforderlich. Bei Erreichen der Zieldrehzahl des Antriebsmotors wird der aktuelle Gang ausgelegt, das Getriebe demnach also in seine Neutralstellung geschaltet. Sobald diese Neutralstellung erreicht ist, wird über die zumindest teilweise geschlossene Kupplung die Synchronisation der Getriebedrehzahl durchgeführt. Sobald dieser Synchronisationsvorgang beendet ist, wird der Zielgang eingelegt und die Kupplung wieder vollständig eingerückt, womit der Schaltvorgang abgeschlossen ist.In the method according to the invention, the clutch is only so far opened before switching to a new gear that it still transmits a required for maintaining a propulsion or a deceleration of the vehicle torque, but at the same time allowed to change the engine speed to a value such in that it at least largely corresponds to the target rotational speed for the gear to be shifted. When switching back is to a speed increase, when upshifting a speed reduction of the drive motor required. Upon reaching the target speed of the drive motor of the current gear is designed so the transmission therefore switched to its neutral position. Once this neutral position is reached, the synchronization of the transmission speed is performed on the at least partially closed clutch. Once this synchronization process is completed, the target gear is engaged and the clutch fully engaged again, whereby the switching operation is completed.
Wie sich aus dem vorstehenden Beispiel ergibt, ist die Kupplung zu keinem Zeitpunkt vollständig ausgerückt. Eine Zug- bzw. Bremskraftunterbrechung entsteht demnach nur in der kurzen Zeitspanne, in der das Getriebe sich tatsächlich in der Neutralstellung befindet und die Synchronisation der Getriebedrehzahl durchgeführt wird. Auf diese Weise lässt sich die Zug- bzw. Bremskraftunterbrechung auf eine äußerst kurze Zeitspanne reduzieren.As can be seen from the above example, the clutch is not fully disengaged at any time. A train or braking force interruption thus arises only in the short period of time in which the transmission is actually in the neutral position and the synchronization of the transmission speed is performed. In this way, the train or brake power interruption can be reduced to an extremely short period of time.
Gemäß einer anderen Variante der Erfindung kann vorgesehen werden, dass zum Auslegen des aktuellen Ganges die Kupplung ganz oder weitgehend geöffnet wird, um diesen Vorgang mechanisch zu erleichtern. Dementsprechend kann gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung die Kupplung auch beim Einlegen des Zielganges kurzfristig ganz oder weitgehend geöffnet werden, um diesen Vorgang zu erleichtern.According to another variant of the invention it can be provided that for the interpretation of the current gear, the clutch is fully or largely opened to facilitate this process mechanically. Accordingly, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the clutch can also be completely or largely opened shortly when inserting the target gear in order to facilitate this process.
Die Formulierung "weitgehend geöffnet" gedeutet in diesem Zusammenhang, dass die Kupplung zumindest so weit geöffnet wird, dass Schaltstöße infolge einer unvollkommenen Synchronisation der zu schaltenden Getriebeelemente nicht übertragen, sondern durch die schleifende Kupplung aufgenommen werden.The phrase "largely open" interpreted in this context that the coupling is at least so far open that switching shocks are not transmitted due to imperfect synchronization of the gear elements to be switched, but are absorbed by the sliding coupling.
Die Erfindung lässt sich anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels weiter erläutern. Dazu ist der Beschreibung eine Zeichnung beigefügt. In dieser zeigt:The invention can be further explained with reference to an embodiment. For this purpose, the description is accompanied by a drawing. In this shows:
Fig. 1 a den zeitlichen Verlauf der Motordrehzahl während einerFig. 1 a the time course of the engine speed during a
Zugrückschaltung,traction downshift,
Fig. 1 b einen diesbezüglichen Verlauf der Kupplungsstellung und Fig. 1c den entsprechenden Verlauf der Getriebestellung.Fig. 1 b shows a relevant course of the coupling position and Fig. 1c the corresponding course of the gear position.
Die Fig. 1 a bis 1c verdeutlichen einen Schaltvorgang eines automatisierten Schaltgetriebes, wie er beispielsweise beim Zurückschalten an einer Steigung vorkommt. Vor dem Schaltvorgang zum Zeitpunkt to hat die Motordrehzahl n einen Wert n^ die Kupplung ist geschlossen (zu) und im Getriebe ist der aktuelle Gang geschaltet.Fig. 1 a to 1c illustrate a switching operation of an automated transmission, as it occurs for example when switching back on a slope. Before the switching operation at time to, the engine speed n has a value n ^ the clutch is closed (closed) and in the transmission, the current gear is engaged.
Zu Beginn des Schaltvorganges im Zeitpunkt ti wird die Kupplung so weit geöffnet, dass diese schlupfend zumindest einen Teil des zuvor anliegenden Drehmomentes übertragen kann. Der aktuelle Gang bleibt geschaltet. Gleichzeitig wird die Motordrehzahl n durch einen diesbezüglichen Steuerungsbefehl soweit angehoben, bis im Zeitpunkt t2 eine Drehzahl n2 erreicht ist, welche der Zieldrehzahl für den Zielgang zumindest angenähert entspricht.At the beginning of the switching process at time ti, the clutch is opened so far that it can slip at least transfer a part of the previously applied torque. The current gear remains switched. At the same time, the engine speed n is raised by a relevant control command until a speed n 2 is reached at the time t 2 , which at least approximately corresponds to the target speed for the target gear.
Sobald der Fahrzeugmotor die Zieldrehzahl n2 erreicht hat (Zeitpunkt t2) wird der aktuelle Gang ausgelegt, so dass im Zeitpunkt t3 das Getriebe eine Neutralstellung einnimmt. Wenn die Neutralstellung erreicht ist (t3), wird über die nach wie vor teilweise geschlossene Kupplung (durchgehende Linie) die Synchronisation der Getriebedrehzahl durchgeführt, die im Zeitpunkt t4 erreicht ist. Sobald der Synchronisationsvorgang abgeschlossen ist, wird ab dem Zeitpunkt t4 der Zielgang mechanisch eingelegt; dieser Vorgang ist im Zeitpunkt ts abgeschlossen. Im Zeitpunkt ts wird sodann die Kupplung wieder vollständig eingerückt. Der Schaltvorgang ist dann abgeschlossen. Um das Auslegen des aktuellen Ganges und das Einlegen des Zielganges zu erleichtern, kann, wie weiter vorne bereits erwähnt wurde, die Kupplung während der Zeitintervalle t2 bis t3 sowie t4 bis 55 auch ganz (gestrichelte Linie) oder teilweise (strichpunktierte Linie) geöffnet werden. In jedem Fall muss die Kupplung im Zeitintervall der Neutralstellung (t3 bis t4) so weit geschlossen bleiben, dass diese das für die Synchronisation der Getriebedrehzahl erforderliche Drehmoment übertragen kann. Once the vehicle engine has reached the target speed n 2 (time t 2 ), the current gear is designed so that at time t 3, the transmission assumes a neutral position. When the neutral position is reached (t 3 ), the synchronization of the transmission speed is achieved via the still partially closed clutch (solid line), which is reached at time t 4 . Once the synchronization process is completed, the target gear is mechanically inserted from the time t 4 ; this process is completed at time ts. At time ts, the clutch is then fully engaged again. The switching process is then completed. To facilitate the layout of the current gear and the insertion of the target gear, as previously mentioned, the clutch during the time intervals t 2 to t 3 and t 4 to 5 5 also completely (dashed line) or partially (dash-dotted line ). In any case, in the time interval of the neutral position (t 3 to t 4 ), the clutch must remain closed so far that it can transmit the torque required for the synchronization of the transmission speed.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Schalten eines automatisierten Schaltgetriebes, wobei nach dem Auslegen des aktuellen Ganges und vor dem Einlegen des Zielganges bei schleifender Kupplung durch Einregeln der Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors auf eine dem Zielgang zumindest weitgehend entsprechende Zieldrehzahl eine Synchronisation der zu schaltenden Getriebeelemente erfolgt, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Verfahrensschritte: a) teilweises Öffnen der Kupplung derart, dass ein Teil des zuvor eingeleiteten Drehmomentes übertragen wird; b) bei weiterhin eingelegtem aktuellem Gang bei schleifender Kupplung Einregeln der Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors auf die Zieldrehzahl; c) bei zumindest weitgehendem Erreichen der Zieldrehzahl Auslegen des aktuellen Ganges und Einlegen des Zielganges; d) vollständiges Einrücken der Kupplung.1. A method for switching an automated gearbox, wherein after the interpretation of the current gear and before inserting the target gear in grinding clutch by adjusting the speed of the drive motor to a target gear at least largely corresponding target speed synchronization of the gear elements to be switched, characterized by the the following method steps: a) partial opening of the coupling such that a part of the previously introduced torque is transmitted; b) if the current gear is still engaged while the clutch is being engaged, adjusting the speed of the drive motor to the target speed; c) at least substantially reaching the target speed laying out the current gear and inserting the target gear; d) complete engagement of the clutch.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Auslegen des aktuellen Ganges die Kupplung kurzfristig ganz oder weitgehend geöffnet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the interpretation of the current gear, the clutch is briefly completely or largely opened.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Einlegen des Zielganges die Kupplung kurzfristig ganz oder weitgehend geöffnet wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for engaging the target gear, the clutch is short-term completely or largely opened.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kupplung zum Auslegen des aktuellen Ganges bzw. zum Einlegen des Zielganges zumindest so weit geöffnet wird, dass Schaltstöße infolge unvollkommener Synchronisation der zu schaltenden Getriebeelemente durch Reibschlupf der Kupplung aufgenommen werden. 4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the clutch for laying out the current gear or for engaging the target gear is at least so far open that shift shocks are absorbed as a result of imperfect synchronization of the gear elements to be switched by Reibschlupf the clutch.
PCT/EP2006/010974 2005-12-20 2006-11-16 Method for shifting an automated shift transmission WO2007071300A1 (en)

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