WO2007060545A2 - Techniques de hierarchisation du trafic pour des reseaux sans fil - Google Patents

Techniques de hierarchisation du trafic pour des reseaux sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007060545A2
WO2007060545A2 PCT/IB2006/003866 IB2006003866W WO2007060545A2 WO 2007060545 A2 WO2007060545 A2 WO 2007060545A2 IB 2006003866 W IB2006003866 W IB 2006003866W WO 2007060545 A2 WO2007060545 A2 WO 2007060545A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
traffic
wireless
qos parameters
network
meshed network
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PCT/IB2006/003866
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English (en)
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WO2007060545A3 (fr
Inventor
Carl Wijting
Jarkko Kneckt
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Nokia Corporation
Nokia Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Nokia Corporation, Nokia Inc. filed Critical Nokia Corporation
Priority to EP06831845A priority Critical patent/EP1889406A2/fr
Publication of WO2007060545A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007060545A2/fr
Publication of WO2007060545A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007060545A3/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/24—Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]

Definitions

  • a wireless meshed network may be considered to be a collection of mesh points (MPs) interconnected with wireless links.
  • MPs mesh points
  • Each MP may typically be an Access Point, but may also be a station or other wireless node.
  • the IEEE 802.1 Ie proposal for QoS may not adequately address the needs and complexities of some wireless networks.
  • different sets of QoS parameters and/or different sets of transmit queues may be applied to different aspects of a wireless network, such as a wireless meshed network.
  • a mesh point or other wireless node may use a first set of QoS parameters for a first type of traffic the network, and may use a second set of QoS parameters for a second type of traffic in the network.
  • a method may be provided. According to the method, different priorities may be applied to uplink traffic and downlink traffic for one or more nodes or mesh points within a network, such as within a wireless meshed network.
  • a first set of QoS parameters (such as EDCA parameters or other parameters) may be used for uplink traffic for one or more mesh points in a wireless meshed network
  • a second set of QoS parameters may be used for downlink traffic for the one or more mesh points in the wireless meshed network.
  • the QoS parameters may include one or more Access Category (AC) specific parameters.
  • AC Access Category
  • different transmission or transmit queues may be used for uplink and downlink traffic from a node or mesh point.
  • uplink and downlink may be based upon, for example, a hierarchical relationship or relative location between nodes, e.g., mesh points (MPs) typically being located closer to (or even connected to) an external network and wireless stations typically located farther away from an external network (as compared to MPs), for example.
  • Uplink traffic may include, for example, traffic directed toward an external network or toward a MP, such as station-to-MP (mesh point) traffic.
  • station-to-MP messages point
  • downlink traffic for example, may include traffic traveling or directed away from an external network and/or directed toward a wireless station, such as MP-to-station traffic.
  • MP-to-MP traffic may either be uplink traffic or downlink traffic, depending on the relative locations of the two MPs (e.g., based on which MP is closer to the network or to the wireless station).
  • local or intra-cell traffic may be prioritized over (or given a higher priority as compared to) inter-cell traffic for a mesh point within a wireless meshed network.
  • a first set of QoS parameters may be used for local or intra-cell traffic for a mesh point within a wireless meshed network
  • a second set of QoS parameters may be used for inter-cell traffic for the mesh point within the wireless meshed network.
  • a first set of transmission queues may be used for local traffic
  • a second set of transmission queues may be used for inter-cell traffic, for example.
  • a first set of QoS parameters may be used for MP-to-MP traffic, while a second set of QoS parameters may be used for MP-Station traffic.
  • a first set of QoS parameters may be used for MP-to-MP traffic in the uplink direction and a second set of QoS parameters for the downlink direction.
  • a third and a fourth sets of QoS parameters may be used for MP-to-Station (downlink) and Station-to-MP (uplink), respectively.
  • one set of transmit queues may be used at each station or MP.
  • a first set of transmit queues may be used at a MP for MP-to-MP traffic and a second set of transmit queues for MP-station traffic.
  • an apparatus including a controller, a memory coupled to the controller, and a wireless transceiver coupled to the controller.
  • the apparatus or controller may be configured or adapted to use a first set of QoS parameters for uplink traffic in a wireless meshed network, and to use a second set of QoS parameters for downlink traffic in the wireless meshed network.
  • the apparatus may be provided at a wireless node or a mesh point, for example.
  • an apparatus including a controller, a memory coupled to the controller, and a wireless transceiver coupled to the controller.
  • the apparatus or controller may be configured or adapted to use a first set of QoS parameters for local or intra-cell traffic for a mesh point within a wireless meshed network, and to use a second set of QoS parameters for inter-cell traffic for a mesh point within a wireless meshed network.
  • a meshed wireless distribution system may be provided, including one or more wireless mesh points.
  • One or more of the mesh points may be configured or adapted to use a first set of QoS parameters for a first type of traffic in the network and a second set of QoS parameters for a second type of traffic in the network.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a wireless meshed network according to an example embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an example queue architecture that may be used in a Mesh Point or other wireless node according to an example embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of input/output interfaces for a Mesh Point or other wireless node according to an example embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating operation of a wireless node according to an example embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating operation of a wireless node according to another example embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating operation of a wireless node according to yet another example embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example apparatus that may be provided in a wireless node according to an example embodiment.
  • FIG- 1 is a diagram illustrating a wireless meshed network 100 according to an example embodiment.
  • a wireless meshed network may be a collection of mesh points (MPs) interconnected with wireless links.
  • Each MP may typically be an Access Point, but may also be a station or other wireless node.
  • a wireless meshed network may employ either a full mesh topology or a partial mesh topology.
  • each node (or mesh point) may be connected directly to each of the other MPs via a wireless link.
  • the mesh points may be connected to some but not necessarily all of the other mesh points in the meshed network.
  • mesh points MPl, MP2 and MP3 may be inter-connected via wired or wireless links.
  • each mesh point (MP) may be coupled to one or more wireless stations in its local cell.
  • MPl is located in cell 104 and is connected via wireless links to stations STA2 and STA3 within cell 104.
  • MP2 is located in cell 106 and is connected via wireless link to stations STAl.
  • MP3 is located in cell 102 and may be connected via wireless link to station STA4.
  • Network 100 (including MPl, MP2 and MP3) may be considered a wireless distribution system.
  • Wireless meshed network 100 is merely an example network and the disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • each MP may be capable of many-to-many connections, and may be capable of learning network topology, dynamic path configuration, and other network capabilities, although the disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • Each MP may also be mobile or be capable of being moved or movable, and may be capable of dynamically reconfiguring itself, although the disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the various embodiments described herein may be applicable to a wide variety of networks and technologies, such as WLAN networks (e.g., IEEE 802.11 type networks), IEEE 802.16 WiMAX networks, WiMedia networks, Ultra Wide Band networks, cellular networks, radio networks, or other wireless networks.
  • WLAN networks e.g., IEEE 802.11 type networks
  • IEEE 802.16 WiMAX networks e.g., WiMedia networks
  • WiMedia networks e.g., WiMedia networks
  • Ultra Wide Band networks e.g., cellular networks
  • radio networks e.g., Bluetooth Special Interest Group
  • the various examples and embodiments may be applied, for example, to a mesh wireless network, where a plurality of mesh points (e.g., Access Points) may be coupled together via wired or wireless links.
  • the various embodiments described herein may be applied to wireless networks, both in an infrastructure mode where an AP or base station may communicate with a station (e.g., communication occurs through APs), as well as an ad-hoc mode in which wireless stations may communicate directly via a peer-to-peer network, for example.
  • wireless node may include, for example, a wireless station, such as a mobile station or subscriber station, an access point (AP) or base station, a relay station, a wireless personal digital assistant (PDA), a cell phone, an 802.11 WLAN phone, a WiMedia device, a WiMAX device, a wireless mesh point (MP), or any other wireless device.
  • a wireless station such as a mobile station or subscriber station, an access point (AP) or base station, a relay station, a wireless personal digital assistant (PDA), a cell phone, an 802.11 WLAN phone, a WiMedia device, a WiMAX device, a wireless mesh point (MP), or any other wireless device.
  • AP access point
  • MP wireless mesh point
  • different sets of QoS parameters and/or different sets of transmit queues may be applied to different aspects of a wireless network (such as a wireless meshed network) for channel access and data transmission.
  • the QoS parameters used in the wireless meshed network may be similar to or even the same as the QoS parameters for Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) included in the draft specification for the IEEE 802.1 Ie (referred to herein as the EDCA parameters), although the disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • EDCA parameters are merely one example of a set of QoS parameters and many other types of QoS parameters may be used.
  • an EDCA contention access mechanism may use EDCA (QoS) parameters that allow for prioritization of traffic.
  • EDCA parameters such as the contention window and backoff time may be adjusted to change the probability of gaining medium access to favor higher priority classes of traffic.
  • eight user priority levels may be available, although any number can be chosen.
  • Table 1 illustrates an example of how eight user priority (UP) levels may be mapped to four access categories (ACs). This is merely one example, and the disclosure is not limited thereto. Many other mappings or relationships between UP levels and ACs may be used. In this example, higher priority traffic may map to a higher AC.
  • UP user priority
  • AC access categories
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an example queue architecture that may be used in a Mesh Point or other wireless node according to an example embodiment.
  • Each user priority (UP) may be mapped to an access category, such as ACO, ACl, AC2, AC3.
  • each AC may correspond to one of four transmit queues.
  • ACO may correspond to transmit queue 204
  • AC3 may correspond to transmit queue 206, etc.
  • each transmit queue may provide frames to an independent channel access function, each of which may implement a channel access function.
  • a scheduler 210 resolves these (virtual) collisions between frames from different queues by granting the transmission opportunity (TXOP) to the highest priority.
  • TXOP transmission opportunity
  • a set of QoS parameters is provided for channel access and includes specific parameters for each AC.
  • these QoS parameters may include: CWmUi[AC], which is the minimum contention window for the AC, the CWmaxfAC], the AIFSN[AC] which is the arbitration inter-frame spacing for the AC, the TXOPLimit[AC] which defines the length of the TXOP a wireless node is granted, MSDULifetime[AC] which defines the maximum time the MSDU or its fragments are tried to deliver to the recipient, and the ACM bit[AC] which indicates whether access control is mandatory for the specified AC.
  • the GrantedMediumlifetime[AC] indicates the granted lifetime for a medium access for the wireless node using specific AC. Therefore, once the admission control is used for a specific AC, which can be indicated e.g. using the ACM bit[AC], the GrantedMedmmlifetimefAC] parameter defines the maximum amount of time for an AC which is applied admission control to. The parameter, therefore, enables the control of the amount of time consumed by a certain AC traffic from the resources of the MP and the wireless medium.
  • these QoS parameters may be defined per AC.
  • ACl includes the parameters AIFSNl, CWminl, CWmaxl
  • AC2 includes the parameters AIFSN2, CWmin2, CWmax2, etc.
  • the QoS parameters may be set up to favor higher priority frames, e.g., to favor or give priority to frames in higher ACs.
  • the QoS parameters may be stored at each MP or Station.
  • MPs or Access Points may transmit the QoS parameters to other MPs or stations as part of their beacon.
  • a beacon message may be a management or control message transmitted by a mesh point that provides information about the transmitting MP and/or enables other wireless stations or MPs to establish communications with the MP, although the disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the QoS parameters may also be sent in Probe (or Association) messages and in Re- Association messages through which a MP or station establishes communication with a MP.
  • admission control may be used at a MP (and possibly at stations) to regulate the amount of (e.g., high priority) data or nodes contending for the medium.
  • admission control may be negotiated by the use of a TSPEC traffic specification which a station or MP provides to a MP to specify its traffic flow requirements (e.g., data rate, delay bounds, packet size).
  • the MP may accept or deny the TSPEC request. If the TSPEC request is denied, the requesting station may not typically be permitted to transmit frames using the high AC (and associated high priority QoS parameters), but it may use lower priority parameters instead, such as for best effort traffic.
  • different sets of QoS parameters and/or different sets of transmit queues may be applied to different aspects of a wireless network such as a wireless meshed network.
  • These QoS parameters may be exchanged between MPs when a new MP joins the network or associates with an existing MP, for example through Association or Reassociation messages.
  • the QoS parameters may also be transmitted when a station associates or re-associates with a MP.
  • the MPs or wireless nodes may use a set of default QoS parameters.
  • a group of MPs in a wireless meshed network may use the same set of QoS parameters. For example, if a plurality of MPs in a meshed wireless network use the same (or a common) set or sets of QoS parameters, this may provide the same quality of service for each Access Category (AC) throughout the whole network or at least throughout the portion of the network where the MPs are using a common set or sets of QoS parameters. For example, AC-specific performance may be provided (or in some cases possibly even guaranteed) throughout a mesh network where the MPs in the mesh network use the same (or a common) set(s) of QoS parameters.
  • AC Access Category
  • a first set of QoS parameters may be used for MP-to-MP traffic in the uplink direction and a second set of QoS parameters for MP-to-MP traffic in the downlink direction.
  • a third set of QoS parameters may be used for MP-to-Station traffic (downlink) and a fourth set of QoS parameters may be used for Station-to-MP traffic (uplink).
  • a differentiation between uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) for MP-to-MP traffic may be used for example with a hierarchical organization of the MPs 5 or in combination with a depth parameter (e.g., number of hops removed from a certain MP). Otherwise, the UL and DL parameters for MP-to-MP could be made equal.
  • the UL and DL parameters for MP-station traffic may arise out the situation of the one-to-many and many-to-one which happens in that case.
  • a first set of QoS parameters may be used for all uplink traffic and a second set of QoS parameters may be used for all downlink traffic, regardless whether the traffic is MP-MP traffic or station-MP traffic. Therefore, the first set of QoS parameters may be for station-to-MP traffic (which is UL) and MP-to-MP in the UL direction, where the second set of QoS parameters may be used for MP-to-station traffic (which is DL) and MP-to-MP traffic in the DL direction.
  • uplink and downlink directions may be based on hierarchical arrangement or relationship between nodes.
  • some MPs may be connected to an external network, such as a LAN, a WAN, the Internet, etc. These MPs connected to an external network may be considered as root nodes. Traffic flowing toward or directed toward such root nodes (e.g., from stations or other MPs) may be considered uplink traffic, while traffic flowing away from root nodes (e.g., toward other MPs or toward wireless stations) may be considered downlink traffic.
  • uplink traffic may include station-to MP traffic
  • downlink traffic may include MP-to-station traffic.
  • MP-to- MP traffic may be either uplink or downlink, depending on, for example, the hierarchical relationship (or relative location) between the two MPs, e.g., depending on which MP is closer to the external network.
  • a first set of QoS parameters may be used for MP-to-MP traffic, which may be considered to be inter-cell traffic that is typically being forwarded between cells.
  • a second set of QoS parameters may be used for MP-station traffic (both UL and DL). This would allow the network to prioritize local (in-cell) traffic over inter-cell (MP-MP) traffic.
  • a third or separate set of QoS parameters may be used for direct-link traffic that is direct station- to-station traffic that does not pass through a MP or AP.
  • two sets of QoS parameters may be used.
  • a first set of QoS parameters may be used for all uplink traffic and a second set of QoS parameters may be used for all downlink traffic, regardless whether the traffic is MP-MP traffic or station-MP. Having only two sets of QoS parameters may provide an advantage that the MP may only need to contend once for the transmission opportunity (TXOP).
  • a first set of transmission queues may be used for MP-to-MP traffic and a second set of transmission queues may be used for MP-to-station traffic. The different queues may be used to provide a different service policy between MP-to-MP traffic and MP-to- station traffic. For example, during a TXOP, first all MP-to-station traffic could be sent and after that, the MP-to-MP traffic could be sent.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of input/output interfaces for a Mesh Point (MP) according to an example embodiment.
  • Mesh Point 302 may include a first set of transmission queues 306 for the transmission of frames to stations (DL traffic from the MP to a station). This MP-to-station traffic may also be referred to as in-cell or intra-cell traffic.
  • a second set of transmission queues 304 is provided for the transmission of MP-to-MP frames. This MP-MP traffic may also be referred to as inter-cell traffic.
  • frames from another MP may be received at point
  • switch 308 will switch or direct the frame to be output via queues 304.
  • incoming frames from stations may be received at point 312 and provided to switch 308 for switching or routing to the appropriate location.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating operation of a wireless node according to an example embodiment.
  • different priorities may be applied to uplink traffic and downlink traffic for one or more mesh points within a wireless meshed network, e.g., at least for some of the traffic.
  • a mesh point may prioritize downlink traffic over uplink traffic, or may prioritize uplink traffic over downlink traffic, for example.
  • Operation 410 in FIG. 4 may include operations 412 and/or 414.
  • a first set of QoS (quality of service) parameters may be used for uplink traffic for one or more mesh points in a wireless meshed network.
  • the uplink traffic may include, for example, station-to-MP traffic.
  • a second set of QoS parameters may be used for downlink traffic for one or more mesh points in the wireless meshed network.
  • the downlink traffic may include, for example, MP -to- station traffic.
  • EDCA parameters or QoS parameters for ACl may be used for downlink traffic
  • QoS parameters for AC2 may be used for uplink traffic, or vice versa. This is merely an example, and the disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating operation of a wireless node according to another example embodiment.
  • a first set of QoS parameters may be used for uplink traffic for one or more nodes in a wireless network, e.g., at least for some of the uplink traffic.
  • Operation 510 may include operation 512, according to an example embodiment .
  • a first set of QoS parameters may be used for uplink traffic for one or more nodes in a wireless meshed network including station-to-MP traffic.
  • a second set of QoS parameters may be used for downlink traffic for one or more nodes in the wireless network, at least for some of the downlink traffic. Operation 520 may include operation 522, according to an example embodiment. At operation 522, a second set of QoS parameters may be used for downlink traffic for one or more nodes in a wireless meshed network including MP- to-station traffic.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating operation of a wireless node according to yet another example embodiment.
  • local or intra-cell traffic may be prioritized over inter-cell traffic for a mesh point within a wireless meshed network, e.g., at least for some of the traffic.
  • Operation 610 may include operations 612 and/or 614 in an example embodiment.
  • a first set of QoS parameters may be used for local or intra-cell traffic for a MP within a wireless meshed network, e.g., at least for some of the local traffic.
  • a second set of QoS parameters may be used for inter-cell traffic for the mesh point within the wireless meshed network ,at least for some of the inter-cell traffic.
  • three (or up to three) different sets of QoS parameter sets may be used as follows.
  • a first set of parameters may be used for downlink traffic (e.g., MP-to-station traffic), and the downlink traffic may be given a higher priority or higher AC than uplink traffic, in an example embodiment.
  • a second set of QoS parameters may be used for uplink traffic from stations.
  • a third set of QoS parameters may be used for uplink traffic from mesh points or access points.
  • each wireless node or mesh point may include a wireless transceiver, a processor or controller, and memory.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example apparatus 700 that may be provided in a wireless node according to an example embodiment.
  • the wireless node such as a station, AP, MP, etc., may include, for example, a wireless transceiver 702 to transmit and receive signals, a controller 704 to control operation of the station or node and execute instructions or software, and a memory 706 to store data and/or instructions.
  • Controller 704 may be programmable and capable of executing software or other instructions stored in memory or on other computer media to perform the various tasks and functions described above, such as one or more the tasks or methods described above in FIGS. 1-6.
  • the apparatus or controller 704 may be configured or adapted to apply different priorities to uplink traffic and downlink traffic.
  • controller 704 may be configured to use a first set of QoS parameters for uplink traffic in a wireless meshed network, and to use a second set of QoS parameters for downlink traffic in the wireless meshed network.
  • the controller 704 may be configured or adapted to prioritize local or intra-cell traffic differently than inter-cell traffic, such as by prioritizing local traffic over inter-cell traffic.
  • the controller 704 may be configured to use a first set of QoS parameters for local or intra-cell traffic for a mesh point within a wireless meshed network, and to use a second set of QoS parameters for inter-cell traffic for a mesh point within a wireless meshed network.
  • a meshed wireless distribution system may be provided, including one or more wireless mesh points.
  • One or more of the mesh points may be configured or adapted to use a first set of QoS parameters for a first type of traffic in the network and a second set of QoS parameters for a second type of traffic in the network
  • a storage medium may be provided that includes stored instructions, when executed by a controller or processor (such as a mesh point processor) will result in the node or MP performing one or more of the functions or tasks described above.
  • Implementations of the various techniques described herein may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, or in computer hardware, firmware, software, or in combinations of them. Implementations may implemented as a computer program product, i.e., a computer program tangibly embodied in an information carrier, e.g., in a machine-readable storage device or in a propagated signal, for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus, e.g., a programmable processor, a computer, or multiple computers.
  • data processing apparatus e.g., a programmable processor, a computer, or multiple computers.
  • a computer program such as the computer program(s) or methods described above, can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and can be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment.
  • a computer program can be deployed to be executed on one computer or on multiple computers at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network.
  • Method steps may be performed by one or more programmable processors executing a computer program to perform functions by operating on input data and generating output. Method steps also may be performed by, and an apparatus may be implemented as, special purpose logic circuitry, e.g., an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit).
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit

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Abstract

Divers modes de réalisation décrits dans cette invention concernent des techniques de hiérarchisation du trafic dans des réseaux sans fil. Différentes priorités peuvent être appliquées à un trafic en liaison montante et à un trafic en liaison descendante à un ou à plusieurs noeuds ou points de maillage (MP1, MP2, MP3) dans un réseau sans fil, pour une partie, au moins, du trafic. Dans un autre mode de réalisation décrit dans cette invention, un premier ensemble de paramètres de qualité de service (QoS) peut être utilisé pour le trafic en liaison montante alors qu'un second ensemble de paramètres de qualité de service (QoS) peut être utilisé pour le trafic en liaison descendante pour un ou plusieurs noeuds à l'intérieur d'un réseau sans fil, pour une partie, au moins, du trafic. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, un trafic local ou intracellulaire peut être hiérarchisé différemment du trafic intracellulaire pour un point de maillage à l'intérieur d'un réseau maillé sans fil, pour une partie, au moins, du trafic. Par exemple, le trafic local ou intracellulaire peut être hiérarchisé sur un trafic intracellulaire pour un point de maillage à l'intérieur d'un réseau maillé sans fil (100).
PCT/IB2006/003866 2005-05-26 2006-05-24 Techniques de hierarchisation du trafic pour des reseaux sans fil WO2007060545A2 (fr)

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WO2015038488A1 (fr) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-19 Qualcomm Incorporated Couplage de cca en liaisons montante et descendante en lte-u
US9949292B2 (en) 2013-09-11 2018-04-17 Qualcomm Incorporated Coupling uplink and downlink CCA in LTE-U
US10342043B2 (en) 2013-09-11 2019-07-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Coupling uplink and downlink CCA in LTE-U

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