WO2007053049A1 - Procede et dispositif de traitement de materiaux - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de traitement de materiaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007053049A1
WO2007053049A1 PCT/RU2005/000430 RU2005000430W WO2007053049A1 WO 2007053049 A1 WO2007053049 A1 WO 2007053049A1 RU 2005000430 W RU2005000430 W RU 2005000430W WO 2007053049 A1 WO2007053049 A1 WO 2007053049A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
processing
cutting tool
cutting
fan
finished product
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2005/000430
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
David Adamovich Terteryan
Rita Adamovna Kharina
Papken Arutyunovich Meltonyan
Original Assignee
David Adamovich Terteryan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by David Adamovich Terteryan filed Critical David Adamovich Terteryan
Priority to PCT/RU2005/000430 priority Critical patent/WO2007053049A1/fr
Publication of WO2007053049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007053049A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0268—Separation of metals
    • B29B2017/0272—Magnetic separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0448—Cutting discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0476—Cutting or tearing members, e.g. spiked or toothed cylinders or intermeshing rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and devices for processing and processing of various materials, mainly elastomers, and can be used in various technological processes.
  • the present invention can be used for the processing of worn automobile and aircraft tires during their disposal.
  • the device contains a generator of exposure to a magnetic field in the range of sound frequencies with intensity in the field of manifestation of the magnetostrictive effect, a mechanical load unit (ed. Certificate of the USSR 1811421, 02 C 19/18).
  • the disadvantages of the known device are low efficiency in the processing of plastic materials, the impossibility of its use in the processing of worn tires.
  • a known method of processing materials which consists in creating an impact on the processed material with a moving processing tool (see RF patent 2162411 from 07/13/2000).
  • the known method can be adopted as the closest analogue.
  • the disadvantages of this method include its low efficiency in the processing of elastomers reinforced with metal and kapron cords due to the lack of required cooling and the elimination of the elastic properties of elastomers.
  • the proposed method eliminates these disadvantages.
  • the essence of the method lies in the fact that they create a shock effect on the processed material with a moving processing tool, the method is characterized in that the pre-processed material is pressed by force until the elastic-plastic deformation is eliminated, and a shock impulse of destruction of duration
  • Replacement sheet 0.06-0.7 ms, with a frequency of 10000-20000 Hz, with an amplitude of 500-800 kg, while in the destruction zone they create a temperature of 500-600 C due to directed air cooling to eliminate the ignition of the processed material and provide instant elimination of the fraction from the cutting zone, separate metal particles using a magnetic separator and remove the gaseous medium using gas filters.
  • a device for processing and processing materials is known in which a moving cutting tool is applied to the material to be processed and ultrasonic frequency oscillations are created in the material processing zone (see British Patent 2004200, March 28, 79).
  • the disadvantages of the known device are the low processing efficiency of elastomers due to their high ductility, high coefficient of friction
  • the closest analogue to the greatest number of similar features and achieved when using the result of the proposed device is a device containing a disintegrator made in the form of a cutting tool mounted on an electric drive shaft, a cooling system for the cutting tool, a feeding mechanism in the form of a conveyor and a mechanism for outputting the finished product (see patent RU 2162410 dated 13.07.2000)
  • Disintegration of elastomers is a complex technical task, requiring the creation of certain conditions, providing a high frequency and processing speed, ensuring that the relaxation rate of the processed elastomer is less than its destruction rate, ensuring a temperature regime at which the elastomer does not stick to the cutting tool and tearing would be the mode of destruction of the material.
  • the complexity of recycling worn tires increases due to the fact that the design of the tires includes the presence of metal and kapron cords and hardening of the side of the tires.
  • the present invention is based on the solution of the problem of creating an effective technology for processing materials, mainly the disintegration of various materials, in particular worn tires consisting of elastomers reinforced with metal and kapron cords, by providing conditions in the impact zone of the cutting edges that eliminate the sticking of elastomeric fractions to the cutting tool and normal cutting of metal and kapron cord, as well as separation of metal fractions.
  • conditions are created to ensure a completely technological process for the destruction of worn-out tires from feeding the tires into the cutting zone to obtain the finished product in the form of dispersed particles.
  • the technical result of the invention is to reduce the temperature in the fracture zone due to
  • the device for processing materials containing a disintegrator made in the form of a cutting tool mounted on an electric drive shaft, a cooling system of the cutting tool, a feed mechanism in the form of a conveyor and an output mechanism of the finished product is different in that it is introduced the pressing mechanism, made in the form of two rolls mounted horizontally on the shafts and connected with an electric drive for feeding the processed material to the cutting tool entom, and the cooling system is made in the form of at least three fans, the outlet pipes of which are located at an angle to each other in three planes in the material processing zone, and the output mechanism of the finished product is made in the form of a fan with a pipeline connected to an additional fan, the outlet pipe of which connected to the housing of the magnetic separator, the output of which is connected to a fan, the outlet pipe of which is connected to a tiny separator equipped with an air filter, in which a screw is installed for output finished product and a fan nozzle for withdrawal of gas through the filter.
  • the cutting element is made in the form of a set of cylindrical milling cutters with four air channels located inside the milling cutter, the air channels being connected to the outer surface of the milling cutter by radial channels to cool the outer surface of the milling cutter and separating the finished product, and guide vanes are made on the end surfaces of the milling cutter for additional air cooling cutters.
  • Figure l presents the device for processing materials according to this invention that implements the proposed method
  • figure 2 shows the design of the cutting tool with located outlet pipes
  • FIG. 3 shows the experimentally obtained dependence of the cutter temperature T (C) on the cutting time of milliseconds with a different number of fans used (standard fans were used).
  • a device for processing materials contains
  • a pressing mechanism 6 is introduced into it, made in the form of two rolls 7 and 8 mounted horizontally on the shafts 9 and 10 and connected to the electric drive 11 and 12 and supplying the processed material to the cutting tool.
  • the cooling system is made in the form of at least three fans 13, 14, 15, the outgoing pipes of which are located at an angle to each other in three planes in the material processing zone.
  • the output mechanism of the finished product is made in the form of a fan 16 with a pipe 17 connected to an additional fan 18, the output pipe 19 of which is connected to the housing 20 of the magnetic separator, the output of which is connected to the fan 21, the output pipe 22 of which is connected to the chip separator 23, equipped with an air filter 24, in which a screw 25 is installed for outputting the finished product and a pipe 26 of the fan 27 for gas outlet through the filter 28.
  • the cutting element (disintegrator) 1 is made in the form of a set of cylindrical mills with four air channels 29 located inside the milling cutter, the air channels being connected to the outer surface of the milling cutter by radial channels 30 to cool the outer surface of the milling cutter and separating the finished product, and on the end surfaces of the milling cutter guide vanes 31 for additional air cooling of the cutter.
  • the essence of the proposed method and device is to create a shock effect on the processed material with a moving cutting tool.
  • the pre-processed material is pressed by a pressing mechanism until the elastic-plastic deformation is eliminated.
  • Preliminary compression of the processed material to eliminate the elastic-plastic deformation provides a more even stressed medium, especially in elastomers reinforced with metal and kapron cord.
  • Creating a shock pulse of destruction with a duration of 0.06-0.7 ms, frequency of 10000-20000 Hz with an amplitude of 500-800 kg allows for the destruction of both the elastomer and the metal and kapron cords. These parameters in combination provide a normal technological process of destruction of reinforced materials, which include worn tires.
  • the cutting tool has sufficient durability and reliability. Due to the directional air cooling and instant elimination of the fraction from the cutting zone (temperature in the cutting zone 500-600 C), it allows to eliminate the ignition of the processed material and, therefore, to maintain the cutting tool in a normal state without signs of formation of elastomer deposits. Instant removal of fractions from the cutting zone allows you to eliminate also
  • the drive power is set to at least 50-500 kW;
  • the rotation speed of the processing tool is chosen 1500 - 6000 rpm, the number of cutting edges of the tool is selected from the ratio w x p 10000 Hz, where w is the angular speed of rotation of the tool p is the number of cutting edges tools, and the angle of attack about the tool is chosen 85-95 depending on the volume of the processed material (from mini plants to large plants) Due to preliminary preloading, it is possible to expand the range of parameters of technological modes. These modes are optimal for processing elastomers reinforced with metal and kapron cords.
  • the device is equipped with at least three fans 13, 14, 15, and the cutting element is made in the form of a cylindrical milling cutter with four air channels located inside the milling cutter, the air channels being connected to the external surface of the milling cutter by radial channels to cool the external surface of the milling cutter and separation of the finished product, but on the end
  • Replacement sheet guide vanes 31 are made on the surfaces of the mill for an additional airflow of cooling of the mill.
  • a normal thermal regime is created in the system in the cutting zone, at which a temperature that is insufficient to ignite the elastomer and its fractions occurs, while the normal destruction of the elastomer and the metal cord occurs, and the fracture time is much shorter than the ignition time of the elastomer and its fractions.
  • the prepared tire When processing worn tires, it is preliminarily cleaned of external pollution, the prepared tire is installed on the conveyor 3 and fed to the pressing mechanism 7. The tire is compressed until the elasticity is completely eliminated, while the elastic properties of the tire are equalized, since the elastomer loses its elastic properties. In this state, the tire enters the cutting zone, where it is destroyed. In this case, both the elastomer and the metal cord are destroyed due to impact forces from the cutting tool. In the process of destruction, its constant compression is carried out, while the process occurs with sufficiently strong heating.
  • the device To cool the cutting zone and the cutting tool, the device has a cooling system made in the form of at least three fans 13, 14, 15, the outlet pipes of which are located under the fragile one another. Using the output mechanism of the finished product, made in the form of a fan 16 with a pipe 17 connected to an additional fan 18. The resulting product through the outlet pipe 19 enters the housing of the magnetic separator 20, where metal fractions are separated.
  • the obtained fraction enters the crusher 23 equipped with an air filter 24, where the fraction precipitates and the evolved gases are removed. Then, the formed crumb with the help of a screw is displayed outside the device, where it is packed in the required volume. Using a fan 27, the resulting gases enter the afterburner filter 28 to ensure environmental cleanliness.
  • the proposed installation uses commercially available filters and afterburner filters.
  • the advantage of the proposed device and processing method is to obtain the product of the processing of worn tires in the form of rubber powder, while managing to ensure high environmental friendliness of production.
  • the proposed device and method have advantages over known methods and devices for similar purposes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention relève du domaine du traitement de divers matériaux et en particulier d'élastomères. Le procédé de traitement de cette invention consiste à effectuer une compression préalable du matériau jusqu'à élimination des contraintes élastoplastiques puis à produire une impulsion de choc de rupture. Dans la zone de rupture, une température de 500 à 600 °C est maintenue du fait d'un refroidissement par de l'air dirigé, le risque d'inflammation du matériau étant ainsi éliminé. Les particules métalliques sont évacuées de la zone de coupe au moyen d'un séparateur magnétique tandis que le milieu gazeux est drainé. Cette invention concerne également un dispositif dans lequel on utilise, pour la compression du matériau, deux cylindres de commande chargés d'acheminer le matériau pré-traité vers l'instrument tranchant. Le système de refroidissement par de l'air comprend trois ventilateurs dont les raccords de sortie forment un angle les uns par rapport aux autres dans la zone de traitement du matériau. Le produit fini sort du séparateur magnétique au moyen d'une vis sans fin, d'un séparateur de granulés et des ventilateurs. Le milieu gazeux sort par un filtre. Cette invention permet d'empêcher le matériau pré-traité d'adhérer à l'outil tranchant et permet de diviser le matériau obtenu en fractions.
PCT/RU2005/000430 2005-11-01 2005-11-01 Procede et dispositif de traitement de materiaux WO2007053049A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2005/000430 WO2007053049A1 (fr) 2005-11-01 2005-11-01 Procede et dispositif de traitement de materiaux

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2005/000430 WO2007053049A1 (fr) 2005-11-01 2005-11-01 Procede et dispositif de traitement de materiaux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007053049A1 true WO2007053049A1 (fr) 2007-05-10

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WO (1) WO2007053049A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1033193A1 (ru) * 1981-06-23 1983-08-07 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Резинотехнического Машиностроения Агрегат дл измельчени
US4600158A (en) * 1981-06-30 1986-07-15 Matex Co., Ltd. Runner chopper
RU2138393C1 (ru) * 1998-11-12 1999-09-27 Штейнберг Юрий Моисеевич Способ получения резинового порошка из изношенных шин и технологическая линия для его осуществления
RU2162410C1 (ru) * 2000-07-13 2001-01-27 Харина Рита Адамовна Устройство для обработки и переработки материалов
RU2162411C1 (ru) * 2000-07-13 2001-01-27 Харина Рита Адамовна Способ обработки и переработки материалов
RU2233740C1 (ru) * 2003-06-18 2004-08-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Новые технологии Форс груп" Устройство для измельчения изношенных покрышек пневматических шин

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1033193A1 (ru) * 1981-06-23 1983-08-07 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Резинотехнического Машиностроения Агрегат дл измельчени
US4600158A (en) * 1981-06-30 1986-07-15 Matex Co., Ltd. Runner chopper
RU2138393C1 (ru) * 1998-11-12 1999-09-27 Штейнберг Юрий Моисеевич Способ получения резинового порошка из изношенных шин и технологическая линия для его осуществления
RU2162410C1 (ru) * 2000-07-13 2001-01-27 Харина Рита Адамовна Устройство для обработки и переработки материалов
RU2162411C1 (ru) * 2000-07-13 2001-01-27 Харина Рита Адамовна Способ обработки и переработки материалов
RU2233740C1 (ru) * 2003-06-18 2004-08-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Новые технологии Форс груп" Устройство для измельчения изношенных покрышек пневматических шин

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