WO2007021186A2 - Projection screen for a fireplace with simulated fire - Google Patents
Projection screen for a fireplace with simulated fire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007021186A2 WO2007021186A2 PCT/NL2006/050198 NL2006050198W WO2007021186A2 WO 2007021186 A2 WO2007021186 A2 WO 2007021186A2 NL 2006050198 W NL2006050198 W NL 2006050198W WO 2007021186 A2 WO2007021186 A2 WO 2007021186A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- projection screen
- layer
- transparent
- support plate
- lines
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
- F24C7/002—Stoves
- F24C7/004—Stoves simulating flames
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
- F24C3/002—Stoves
- F24C3/006—Stoves simulating flames
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/54—Accessories
- G03B21/56—Projection screens
- G03B21/60—Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
- G03B21/62—Translucent screens
Definitions
- the invention relates to a partially translucent projection screen for a fireplace with simulated fire on the basis of a number of sources of coloured light, which sources direct onto the projection screen light with properties varying through time such as position, colour, intensity.
- the invention provides in this respect a projection screen of the stated type, which has the feature that the projection screen comprises: a transparent support plate; a pattern of alternately transparent areas and opaque areas arranged on the support plate on the side remote from the light sources, wherein the edge zones are relatively opaque and the central zone is relatively transparent; a partially transparent and partially reflective first layer arranged on the support plate on the other side; and a diffusely translucent second layer arranged on this first foil.
- the reflecting property of the partially reflective layer is very important for a lifelike simulation. Without this property the pattern of transparent and opaque areas is annoyingly visible under determined circumstances .
- the projection screen has the special feature that the support plate consists of plastic, for instance acrylic or PVC.
- the pattern consists of alternately black opaque lines and transparent lines with equal pitch distances, the thickness of these lines depending on the locally desired degree of opacity and transparency respectively.
- the projection screen according to the previous paragraph preferably has the special feature that the projection screen has a substantially rectangular shape and the lines extend at angles of (45 ⁇ 15) ° relative to the edges of the projection screen. At a transition between a relatively opaque area and a relatively transparent area this transition is. hereby prevented • / from manifesting itself as a more or less stripy, discontinuous transition.
- the screen preferably has the special features that the pitch distance between two adjacent opaque lines and between two adjacent transparent lines is in the order of 0.5 mm. With this choice the structure of lines does not become visible under normal conditions, and can be easily arranged by means of diverse techniques.
- the projection screen has the special feature that the pattern is arranged by means of a screen-printing process.
- the first and/or the second layer can be arranged in any suitable manner.
- the projection screen has the special feature that the first layer and/or second layer is embodied as a foil.
- the support plate has a grey tint and a transmission coefficient in the range of 20%- 80% gives a good contrast between light and dark.
- the opaque areas (11) are matt and have a colour in the range of dark grey to black, a considerable part of the screen is black and therefore practically invisible.
- first layer and/or the second layer is arranged by screen-printing.
- the screen has the special feature that the second layer is embodied such that it makes the image hazy, for instance has a matt surface.
- Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an open fireplace with a projection screen according to the invention, which fireplace is drawn without housing;
- Fig. 2 shows a cross-section through the projection screen
- Fig. 3 is a front view of the projection screen.
- Fig. 1 shows a projection screen 1 which is mounted in a fireplace 2 in the shown oblique position with an angle of inclination in the order of magnitude of 14°.
- fireplace 2 comprises means for projecting a simulated fire on the basis of a number of sources 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 of coloured light, not to be discussed in detail within the scope of this invention.
- the sources direct light onto projection screen 1. This light varies through time in respect of position, the colour, the intensity, such that an observer is given a complete illusion of a burning fire by the image on the projection screen.
- Fig. 2 shows that projection screen 1 comprises: a transparent support plate 8, a pattern 9 of alternately transparent lines 10 ⁇ see also Fig.
- the projection screen further comprises a partially transparent and partially reflective first layer 14 arranged on support plate 8 on the other side, as well as a substantially white, diffusely translucent second layer 15 arranged on this first layer 14.
- Fig. 3 shows that the relatively transparent central zone 13 narrows toward the top. This contributes toward a natural flame image.
- the black opaque lines 10 and transparent lines 11 have pitch distances in the order of 0.5 mm.
- the pattern of black lines 10 and layers 14 and 15 are arranged by means of a screen-printing process. ' It will be apparent that Fig. 3 is not drawn to scale in the sense that said distances between the lines and the dimensions of the screen are not in realistic relation' to each other. A screen will in practice be much larger and therefore contain considerably more lines than are drawn in Fig. 3.
- Screen-printing pattern 9 considerably reduces the light incident upon projection screen 1 from outside such that the reflecting properties of first layer 14 do not become irritatingly manifest.
- projection screen 1 gives the impression that one is looking into an almost black hole instead of at a reflective surface.
- support plate 8 provides the mechanical strength and stability for screen-printed layer 9 and layers 14 and 15.
- fireplace 2 takes a partially reflective form and co- acts with the white, diffusely translucent second foil 15.
- fireplace 2 also comprises a so-called fuel bed 19 which is located on the front side of projection screen 1, as opposed to light sources 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 which are located on the rear side.
- Fuel bed 19 comprises a number of simulated glowing logs. Use is made for this purpose of correspondingly formed, semi-transparent or translucent - structures, which give the illusion of glowing logs, coals or the like both in terms of design and the colour of the transmitted light.
- Present under this semi- transparent structure are further light sources which give fuel bed 19 the appearance of being glowing elements. These glowing elements are reflected in projection screen 1.
- reflection of this glowing image can be readily seen by an observer.
- fireplace 2 hereby appears optically twice as deep.
- a number of elongate zones 18 with a slightly greater transparency than their surrounding area extend outward from central zone 13. These zones 18 can be designated as eruption lines, which must ensure that the more or less triangular central zone 13 does not become too noticeable when fireplace 2 is not switched on.
- the black opaque lines 10 are hereby more or less optically broken, whereby said more or less triangular central zone is practically unnoticeable.
- Support plate 8 use was made for support plate 8 of a crystal-clear acrylic plate with a thickness of 2.5 mm.
- Foil property silver reflecting.
- Thickness 80 ⁇ m. Weight: 105 g/m 2 .
- the support plate can be that of the manufacturer PEARLESS ⁇ . Such a plate has a dark grey colour, is made non-reflecting on one side and is provided with a scratch-resistant layer.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Overhead Projectors And Projection Screens (AREA)
- Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
Abstract
A partially translucent projection screen (1) for a fireplace (2) with simulated fire on the basis of a number of sources (3,4,5,6,7) of coloured light comprises: a transparent support plate (8); a pattern (9) of alternately transparent areas (10) and opaque areas (11) arranged on the support plate (8) on the side remote from the light sources (3,4,5,6,7), wherein the edge zones (12) are relatively opaque and the central zone is relatively transparent; a partially transparent and partially reflective first layer (14) arranged on the support plate on the other side; and a substantially white, diffusely translucent second layer (15) arranged on this first layer (14).
Description
PROJECTION SCREEN
The invention relates to a partially translucent projection screen for a fireplace with simulated fire on the basis of a number of sources of coloured light, which sources direct onto the projection screen light with properties varying through time such as position, colour, intensity.
It is an object of the invention to embody a projection screen such that an almost perfect illusion of a burning fire and of glowing and burning pieces of wood or coal is created for an observer.
The invention provides in this respect a projection screen of the stated type, which has the feature that the projection screen comprises: a transparent support plate; a pattern of alternately transparent areas and opaque areas arranged on the support plate on the side remote from the light sources, wherein the edge zones are relatively opaque and the central zone is relatively transparent; a partially transparent and partially reflective first layer arranged on the support plate on the other side; and a diffusely translucent second layer arranged on this first foil. The reflecting property of the partially reflective layer is very important for a lifelike simulation. Without this property the pattern of transparent and opaque areas is annoyingly visible under determined circumstances . With the projection screen according to the invention the screen can be practically invisible to an observer and the illusion is created that the flames projected onto the screen appear to move freely in the space . According to yet another aspect of the invention, the projection screen has the special feature that the
support plate consists of plastic, for instance acrylic or PVC.
A great improvement in the lifelike nature of the simulation of flames is obtained with an embodiment in which the relatively transparent central zone narrows toward the top.
Extremely good results are achieved with an embodiment in which the pattern consists of alternately black opaque lines and transparent lines with equal pitch distances, the thickness of these lines depending on the locally desired degree of opacity and transparency respectively.
The projection screen according to the previous paragraph preferably has the special feature that the projection screen has a substantially rectangular shape and the lines extend at angles of (45 ± 15) ° relative to the edges of the projection screen. At a transition between a relatively opaque area and a relatively transparent area this transition is. hereby prevented • / from manifesting itself as a more or less stripy, discontinuous transition.
.An even better simulation of a hearth fire is .. obtained with an embodiment in which a number of elongate zones with a slightly greater transparency than their surrounding area extend outward from the central zone.
The screen preferably has the special features that the pitch distance between two adjacent opaque lines and between two adjacent transparent lines is in the order of 0.5 mm. With this choice the structure of lines does not become visible under normal conditions, and can be easily arranged by means of diverse techniques.
Use can for instance be made of a foil with the pattern of lines. Preferably however, the projection screen has the special feature that the pattern is arranged by means of a screen-printing process.
The first and/or the second layer can be arranged in any suitable manner. According to a specific aspect of the invention, the projection screen has the special feature that the first layer and/or second layer is embodied as a foil.
An embodiment in which the support plate has a grey tint and a transmission coefficient in the range of 20%- 80% gives a good contrast between light and dark. With an embodiment in which the opaque areas (11) are matt and have a colour in the range of dark grey to black, a considerable part of the screen is black and therefore practically invisible.
The embodiment in which the second layer is - substantially white gives a very clearly projected flame image.
The effect of the screen being practically invisible is enhanced with the embodiment according to claim 14 or 15.
Practical and inexpensive is an embodiment in which the first layer and/or the second layer is arranged by screen-printing.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, the screen has the special feature that the second layer is embodied such that it makes the image hazy, for instance has a matt surface.
The invention will now be elucidated with reference to the accompanying drawings of an exemplary embodiment, to which the invention is not limited. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an open fireplace with a projection screen according to the invention, which fireplace is drawn without housing;
Fig. 2 shows a cross-section through the projection screen; and
Fig. 3 is a front view of the projection screen. Fig. 1 shows a projection screen 1 which is mounted in a fireplace 2 in the shown oblique position with an angle of inclination in the order of magnitude of 14°. Fireplace 2 comprises means for projecting a simulated fire on the basis of a number of sources 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 of coloured light, not to be discussed in detail within the scope of this invention. The sources direct light onto projection screen 1. This light varies through time in respect of position, the colour, the intensity, such that an observer is given a complete illusion of a burning fire by the image on the projection screen.
Fig. 2 shows that projection screen 1 comprises: a transparent support plate 8, a pattern 9 of alternately transparent lines 10 {see also Fig. 3) and black opaque lines 11 arranged on support plate 8 on the side remote from light sources 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, wherein edge zones 12 of projection screen 1 are relatively opaque and central zone 13 of projection screen 1 is relatively transparent. The projection screen further comprises a partially transparent and partially reflective first layer 14 arranged on support plate 8 on the other side, as well as a substantially white, diffusely translucent second layer 15 arranged on this first layer 14.
Fig. 3 shows that the relatively transparent central zone 13 narrows toward the top. This contributes toward a natural flame image.
The black opaque lines 10 and transparent lines 11 have pitch distances in the order of 0.5 mm. The pattern of black lines 10 and layers 14 and 15 are arranged by means of a screen-printing process. ' It will be apparent that Fig. 3 is not drawn to scale in the sense that said distances between the lines and the dimensions of the screen are not in realistic relation' to each other. A screen will in practice be much larger and therefore contain considerably more lines than are drawn in Fig. 3.
Screen-printing pattern 9 considerably reduces the light incident upon projection screen 1 from outside such that the reflecting properties of first layer 14 do not become irritatingly manifest. When fireplace 2 is not switched on (i.e. when light sources 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 are not in operation) projection screen 1 gives the impression that one is looking into an almost black hole instead of at a reflective surface.
It will be apparent that support plate 8 provides the mechanical strength and stability for screen-printed layer 9 and layers 14 and 15.
For the best results it is also important that the first foil 14 takes a partially reflective form and co- acts with the white, diffusely translucent second foil 15.
In addition to light sources 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, fireplace 2 also comprises a so-called fuel bed 19 which is located on the front side of projection screen 1, as opposed to light sources 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 which are located on the rear side. Fuel bed 19 comprises a number of simulated glowing logs. Use is made for this purpose of correspondingly formed, semi-transparent or translucent - structures, which give the illusion of glowing logs, coals or the like both in terms of design and the colour of the transmitted light. Present under this semi- transparent structure are further light sources which give fuel bed 19 the appearance of being glowing elements. These glowing elements are reflected in projection screen 1. As a result of the relatively wide underside of the relatively transparent central zone 13, reflection of this glowing image can be readily seen by an observer. Fireplace 2 hereby appears optically twice as deep.
A number of elongate zones 18 with a slightly greater transparency than their surrounding area extend outward from central zone 13. These zones 18 can be designated as eruption lines, which must ensure that the more or less triangular central zone 13 does not become too noticeable when fireplace 2 is not switched on. The black opaque lines 10 are hereby more or less optically broken, whereby said more or less triangular central zone is practically unnoticeable.
Example
Support plate 8 use was made for support plate 8 of a crystal-clear acrylic plate with a thickness of 2.5 mm.
Foil for layer 14
Manufacturer: SunTek windowfilm.
Product name: SDS-20.
Foil property: silver reflecting.
Material: PVC. Glue layer: acrylate.
Thickness: 80 μm.
Weight: 105 g/m2.
Transmittivity to visible light: 15%.
Foil for layer 15 Manufacturer: SunTek windowfilm.
Product name: White Matte PS Series. Foil property: white diffusely translucent foil. Material: PE. Thickness: 23 μm. Transmittivity to visible light: 64%.
The support plate can be that of the manufacturer PEARLESS©. Such a plate has a dark grey colour, is made non-reflecting on one side and is provided with a scratch-resistant layer.
Attention is drawn to the fact that diverse variants and combinations of the described and drawn aspects are possible within the scope of the invention.
Claims
1. Partially translucent projection screen (1) for a fireplace (2) with simulated fire on the basis of a number of sources (3, A, 5, 6, 7) of coloured light, which sources (3, 4, 5, 6, 7) direct onto the projection screen (1) light with properties varying through time such as position, colour, intensity, characterized in that the projection screen (1) comprises: a transparent support plate (8) ; a pattern (9) of alternately transparent areas (10) and opaque areas (11) arranged on the support plate (8) on the side remote from the light sources (3, 4, 5, 6, 7), wherein the edge zones (12) are relatively opaque and the central zone (13) is relatively transparent; a partially transparent and partially reflective first layer (14) arranged on the support plate (8) on the other side; and a diffusely translucent second layer (15) arranged on this first layer (14) .
2. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support plate (8) consists of plastic, for instance acrylic or PVC.
3. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support plate (8) consists of glass.
4. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the relatively transparent central zone (13) narrows toward the top.
5. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim l, wherein the pattern (9) consists of alternately black opaque lines (10) and transparent lines (11) with equal pitch distances, the thickness of these lines (10, 11} depending on the locally desired degree of opacity and transparency respectively.
6. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 5, wherein the projection screen (1) has a substantially rectangular shape and the lines {10, 11) extend at
S angles of (45 ± 15}° relative to the edges {16, 17) of the projection screen (1) .
7. Projection screen {1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein a number of elongate zones (18) with a slightly 0 greater transparency than their surrounding area extend outward from the central zone.
8. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pitch distance between two adjacent opaque 5 lines (10) and between two adjacent transparent lines (11) is in the order of 0.5 mm.
9. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pattern (9) is arranged by means of a 0 screen-printing process.
10. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first layer (14) and/or second layer (15) is embodied as a foil.
11. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support plate (8) has a grey tint and a transmission coefficient in the range of 20%-80%.
12. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the opaque areas {11) are matt and have a colour in the range of dark grey to black.
13. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second layer (15) is substantially white.
14. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second layer (15) has a colour which is a mixture of white and green.
15. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 14, wherein the second layer (15) comprises a transparent green layer.
16. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first layer (14) and/or the second layer (15} is arranged by screen-printing.
17. Projection screen (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second layer (15) is embodied such that it makes the image hazy, for instance has a matt surface.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1029735 | 2005-08-13 | ||
NL1029735 | 2005-08-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007021186A2 true WO2007021186A2 (en) | 2007-02-22 |
WO2007021186A3 WO2007021186A3 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
Family
ID=37757977
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NL2006/050198 WO2007021186A2 (en) | 2005-08-13 | 2006-08-12 | Projection screen for a fireplace with simulated fire |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
NL (1) | NL2000179C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007021186A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3220057A1 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-20 | Dimplex North America Limited | Flame simulating assembly |
Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB220060A (en) * | 1923-05-08 | 1924-08-08 | Tyrrell Hubert Duncombe | Improvements in over-running clutch |
GB426887A (en) * | 1933-11-22 | 1935-04-11 | George Henry Collins | Improvements in or relating to imitation fires |
US5111337A (en) * | 1991-01-04 | 1992-05-05 | Eugene Martinez | Enhanced contrast, maximum gain front and rear projection screens |
GB2275105A (en) * | 1993-02-15 | 1994-08-17 | Bitech Eng | Apparatus for simulating flames or a solid fuel fire |
GB2298073A (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1996-08-21 | Bitech Eng | Apparatus for simulating flames |
JPH09114003A (en) * | 1995-10-19 | 1997-05-02 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Projection screen |
EP0775935A1 (en) * | 1995-11-27 | 1997-05-28 | Nashua Corporation | Light-diffusing material and method of making the same |
CA2215769A1 (en) * | 1997-09-18 | 1999-03-18 | Frederick Siegfried Spidla | Fireplace with simulated flame effect |
WO1999036830A2 (en) * | 1998-01-13 | 1999-07-22 | Nashua Corporation | Rear projection screen and methods of manufacture thereof |
US20020168182A1 (en) * | 1999-01-14 | 2002-11-14 | Cfm Majestic Inc. | Electric fireplace with light randomizer, filter and diffuser screen |
WO2005028962A1 (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2005-03-31 | Focal Point Manufacturing Company Limited | Apparatus for simulating flames |
GB2408322A (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-25 | Warmland Stoves Ltd | A flame effect stove with a door featuring a window with a window having a mask of fine dots |
-
2006
- 2006-08-11 NL NL2000179A patent/NL2000179C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-08-12 WO PCT/NL2006/050198 patent/WO2007021186A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB220060A (en) * | 1923-05-08 | 1924-08-08 | Tyrrell Hubert Duncombe | Improvements in over-running clutch |
GB426887A (en) * | 1933-11-22 | 1935-04-11 | George Henry Collins | Improvements in or relating to imitation fires |
US5111337A (en) * | 1991-01-04 | 1992-05-05 | Eugene Martinez | Enhanced contrast, maximum gain front and rear projection screens |
GB2275105A (en) * | 1993-02-15 | 1994-08-17 | Bitech Eng | Apparatus for simulating flames or a solid fuel fire |
GB2298073A (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1996-08-21 | Bitech Eng | Apparatus for simulating flames |
JPH09114003A (en) * | 1995-10-19 | 1997-05-02 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Projection screen |
EP0775935A1 (en) * | 1995-11-27 | 1997-05-28 | Nashua Corporation | Light-diffusing material and method of making the same |
CA2215769A1 (en) * | 1997-09-18 | 1999-03-18 | Frederick Siegfried Spidla | Fireplace with simulated flame effect |
WO1999036830A2 (en) * | 1998-01-13 | 1999-07-22 | Nashua Corporation | Rear projection screen and methods of manufacture thereof |
US20020168182A1 (en) * | 1999-01-14 | 2002-11-14 | Cfm Majestic Inc. | Electric fireplace with light randomizer, filter and diffuser screen |
WO2005028962A1 (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2005-03-31 | Focal Point Manufacturing Company Limited | Apparatus for simulating flames |
GB2408322A (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-25 | Warmland Stoves Ltd | A flame effect stove with a door featuring a window with a window having a mask of fine dots |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3220057A1 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-20 | Dimplex North America Limited | Flame simulating assembly |
US10352516B2 (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2019-07-16 | Glen Dimplex Americas Limited | Flame simulating assembly |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL2000179C2 (en) | 2009-09-02 |
WO2007021186A3 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
NL2000179A1 (en) | 2007-02-26 |
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