WO2007012686A2 - Tray for the production of hardboards for doors, comprising cavities for panelling or glazing - Google Patents

Tray for the production of hardboards for doors, comprising cavities for panelling or glazing Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007012686A2
WO2007012686A2 PCT/ES2006/000440 ES2006000440W WO2007012686A2 WO 2007012686 A2 WO2007012686 A2 WO 2007012686A2 ES 2006000440 W ES2006000440 W ES 2006000440W WO 2007012686 A2 WO2007012686 A2 WO 2007012686A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
telescopic
tray
section
formwork
tray according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2006/000440
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2007012686A3 (en
Inventor
Manuel LÓPEZ SÁNCHEZ
Original Assignee
Lopez Sanchez Manuel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES200501869A external-priority patent/ES2278512B2/en
Application filed by Lopez Sanchez Manuel filed Critical Lopez Sanchez Manuel
Publication of WO2007012686A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007012686A2/en
Publication of WO2007012686A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007012686A3/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/20—Moulding or pressing characterised by using platen-presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a tray for the manufacture of chipboard panels for doors with paneling or glazing gaps, providing notable advantageous features for this sector of the art. It is an object of the invention to manufacture the boards including the usual gaps that are then made for paneling or glazing, thus avoiding that which has to be done later on the board, with the waste of material and labor that entails.
  • the agglomerate boards are manufactured continuously by means of trainers that pour a first layer of product of greater density and smaller size of wood particles, mixed with glue and other active products, on the belt of a conveyor belt. On this layer a second one of greater thickness, lower density and larger particles falls, and finally another layer similar to the first one, poured with another former, is arranged according to a sandwich arrangement.
  • This blanket of wood particles and glue can be of a single particle size, with a uniform composition, even corresponding to the material called DM.
  • the blanket that will constitute after the pressing the board with the thickness of the door, initially has a thickness of the order of 90-170 mm that is poured on the mold or tray, and once pressed in the hot plate press it is obtained to a thickness of the order of 25-40 mm for standard doors.
  • the manufacturer of doors cuts and mechanizes them to remove the doors to the desired measures.
  • One-piece doors whose manufacture requires a pantograph to empty the interior area corresponding to the gaps or windows that determine the soffits, leaving the fence of one piece. This creates a waste of the order of 40-57%.
  • the manufacturing tray of chipboard panels for doors with paneling or glazing gaps allows the boards to be obtained as raw material for their cutting, by molding, receiving the blanket coming from the shapers (one or three to form a sandwich in which the material has different densities), in a tray whose width preferably corresponds to the length of the doors to be formed and their length is equivalent to a multiple of their width, with the particularity that the bottom of the tray has windows in correspondence with the ceilings (holes that must be paneled or glazed) that the door has to carry.
  • the tray includes in the contour of each window, a retractable or telescopic spring-assisted formwork, capable of initially having a height that corresponds to the thickness of the blanket before compaction and that allows and absorbs the difference in thicknesses up to what it has to have after compaction between the two hot plates of the gantry press in which conventionally the pressing or compaction is developed.
  • the telescopic formwork of each window is materialized by movable or retractable telescopic portions, assisted by springs recovering from the initial or extension position, to contain the product poured into the useful areas.
  • the larger telescopic portion is the lower one and is integral with the bottom of the tray in correspondence with the perimeter edge of the window.
  • the rest of the portions are telescopically moved upwards by the action of the elastic springs which are also telescopic sections and are assisted by an internal coaxial spring that is applied on the bases of the assembly.
  • the upper portion of the telescopic formwork of the windows is attached to the telescopic section of larger diameter of the springs, and the intermediate portion or portions are relative to the lower part of the respective intermediate sections of the telescopic springs. In this way the tension of the springs causes the telescopic portions of the formwork to be lifted, being ready to receive the raw material.
  • tensioner or transverse rod of reinforcement and adjustable length can be arranged.
  • tension rods linked at their ends to two plates that start from the lower part of the intermediate portions of the telescopic formwork of the windows, being necessary to use these plates to save the thickness of the telescopic portions above it, allowing the retraction of the whole set
  • the longitudinal walls of the mold or tray are also retractable or telescopic and are assisted by corresponding springs to prevent excess product spillage and that the boards are formed without shrinkage in its longitudinal edges, as we will see later in relation to the figures.
  • the difference in thickness of the blanket, before and after pressing is absorbed in an analogous manner to the one mentioned above in relation to the telescopic formwork of the windows.
  • the transverse walls are also similar to the longitudinal ones, that is, telescopic or retractable and mutually integral or independent of the corresponding portions.
  • This trunk-pyramidal configuration determined by these perimeter walls of the mold windows makes demolding easy.
  • the trainers unload the product on the moving trays that advance on a longitudinal carriage with continuous movement, which they access from an endless band and by means of a lifting device.
  • the tray After pressing in the corresponding position (which may consist of a 50% pressing and a final pressing) the tray is evacuated by a conveyor belt to the demoulding position by means of a system preferably of suction cups that extract it vertically from the mold.
  • the trays are formed by a flat bottom plate with the relevant windows or gaps depending on the door model to be built, repeating an integer number of times according to the desired distribution.
  • the retractable formwork defined in accordance with the simplification mentioned, simply by a triangular profile and the deflector elastic sheet held on the external face of the formwork, forming the slope of product evacuation (blanket) for recovery and forwarding to the hoppers of the forming machines.
  • the free edge of the sheet marks the projection of the product on the useful surface of the mold or tray.
  • This arrangement perfectly absorbs the difference in thicknesses of the blanket before and after pressing, as we will clearly see in relation to the figures.
  • the bottom surface is extended by the front of the tray to allow the solidary assembly of a crossbar arranged at full width and connected therein another bar of greater length so that its cantilever ends define means of dragging the tray upon contact with them even stops mounted on two collateral chains lying between pinions and said stops
  • This drag system takes place at the pressing station between hot plates to access and exit them.
  • the chain drive sprockets rotate simultaneously to achieve optimum drag and are anchored through bearings to the front edges of the respective lower plates, as the trays have to move vertically with them until the pressing is finished.
  • the lower plates are then separated to allow the trays driven by the thrust stops that leave their pushing action to reach the pinion of the return, leaving them in the elevator that leads them to the demoulding post after the appropriate rest time during at least twenty four hours to cool and stabilize the product.
  • the telescopic formwork can be formed by two triangular sections, the exterior of larger dimensions anchored to the plate and the interior equipped with the elastic deflector sheet.
  • This inner portion bears the telescopic springs that allow its extension and retraction to enable pressing.
  • the telescopic spring has only two sections and, like the one contemplated above, has limiting means of its maximum extension and is assisted by a coaxial spring that maintains the extension position.
  • the flown portion of the elastic sheet satisfactorily fulfills the function of stopping the upper part of the blanket. The retraction is carried out when the lower plate moves upwards, once the elastic sheets are folded when they hit the upper plate, then doing the springs and formwork telescopic
  • Both the loader and the unloader include pairs of endless chains on which the trays rest on each level of the press and supported on a bridge structure that is sliding on raceways and with hydraulic actuation to produce the connection of the loader trays with those of the press and to connect those of the unloader with those of the press, respectively.
  • a refinement of the invention 'focuses on the demoulding system of the boards, removing them from the mold or tray in which they are formed. The trays are received on a roller table, under a crane bridge that takes the boards together by suction effect, while intermediate magnets attract the bottom plate to facilitate peeling off.
  • the support profile of the bottom plate of the trays which is part of the retractable formwork, is advantageously materialized by an inverted "V" sheet profile that supports by its wings at the bottom of the tray and anchored by means of incoming keys by respective equidistant windows all along the profile, practiced on both wings.
  • the key passes in turn under the horizontal section of two bridge-shaped supports previously welded to said bottom plate.
  • the baffle sheet is fastened with screws, with the help of a strip of equal length and provided with holes.
  • Figure 2. It is a plan view of a tray in which an entire series of doors will be obtained depending on the length of the tray.
  • Figure 2a. Shows examples of different models of doors that can be manufactured in accordance with the invention, without simply arranging the corresponding formwork.
  • Figure 3. It is a plan view of one of the forms of the tray or mold to obtain doors of two holes of different sizes, in this example of embodiment, as shown in Figure 2.
  • Figure 4. It is a section along the line A-B of Figure 3.
  • Figure 6. It is a partial plan view of one of the trays formed in turn by consecutive independent portions, anchored to the carriage and provided with tensioning means.
  • Figure 7. It is a section along the E-F cut line of figure 3.
  • Figure 8 It is a view similar to Figure 7, in an intermediate position of the pressing phase where the mold or tray is seen between the two hot plates that cause compression and retraction of the telescopic formwork of the windows, simultaneously with its movement, against the recovery springs of the extended position.
  • Figure 9. It is a view similar to Figure 8, in the phase of total compaction to form the thickness of the door.
  • Figure 10. It is a detail of the oblique deflector sheet, mounted on the upper part of the formwork and equipped with the cuts to save the telescopic springs, coinciding with detail I of Figure 4.
  • Figure 11. It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gantry press, observing the tray carriage and the lower plate drive to obtain boards in a single tray.
  • Figure 12.- It is a schematic view similar to Figure 11, to simultaneously form four boards stacked in a multiple press.
  • Figure 14.- It is a view of one of the doors formed after the demoulding of the board and cutting it.
  • Figure 15.- It is a section along the line C-D of Figure 2, according to another example of embodiment of the means for holding the tray as it passes through the hot plate press.
  • Figure 16, - It is a sectional view similar to Figure 15, of a third embodiment of the means for guiding, supporting and advancing the trays in the area of the press.
  • Figure 17.- It is a schematic plan view of the installation for the manufacture of chipboard panels for doors, including improvements object of the invention.
  • Figure 18. It is a plan view of one of the trays for manufacturing a particular model of doors, according to the invention.
  • Figure 18a. Represents different models of doors that can be manufactured according to the invention, without having to arrange the corresponding formwork.
  • Figure 19. It is a section in longitudinal elevation to observe the system of dragging of the trays, these represented by its bottom plate and its crossbar at the front edge, to which other related elements are connected to achieve its advance.
  • Figure 20. It is a schematic front elevation view of a gantry press to simultaneously form four stacked boards.
  • Figure 21 It is a partial schematic and longitudinal section view of a tray arranged in the pressing position, with the retractable formwork formed by a solid rib fixed to the bottom of the tray and the deflector sheet, with which they can be obtained different board thicknesses.
  • Figure 22 It is a partial cross section in elevation, of one of the trays as it passes through the loading post, with the retractable formwork deployed to receive the product of the forming machines.
  • Figure 23 It is a partial and sectional view of one of the trays with its retractable formwork formed by two telescopic portions assisted by two-section telescopic springs, in an unfolded position.
  • Figure 24. It is a view similar to Figure 23, in the folded or pressed position between the hot plates of the press.
  • Figure 25. It is a schematic plan view and elevation, of a tray or mold for the manufacture of chipboard panels for doors with two holes for paneling or glazing, according to other improvements of the invention.
  • Figure 26. It is an enlarged view of detail A of Figure 25, also including a section in longitudinal elevation.
  • Figure 27 It is an enlarged detail view B of Figure 25, also including a partial perspective view of the inverted "V" profile, to observe the passage windows of the fixing keys.
  • Figure 28.- It is a schematic view in longitudinal elevation of the installation for the manufacture of chipboard panels for doors using the trays of Figure 25, improvements that are the object of the invention.
  • Figure 30 It is an enlarged view of a part of the installation, specifically of the pressing area of Figure 28 and the related loader and unloader, at a time when the trays are connected consecutively.
  • Figure 31 It is an enlarged schematic visa of the tray loader of Figure 28, without 'connecting the trays, to observe its support structure.
  • Figure 32 It is a side elevation view of what is shown in Figure 31.
  • Figure 33. It is a plan view of what is shown in Figure 31.
  • Figure 34. It is a plan view, on a larger scale, at the exit of the unloader and entry to the demolition table.
  • Figure 35 It is an elevation view of what is shown in Figure 34.
  • Figure 36 It is a plan view of a belt conveyor at the entrance of the pre-press.
  • Figure 39 It is a plan view of what is shown in Figure 38, with an enlarged detail in elevation.
  • Figure 41.- It is a longitudinal elevation view of the demolding table with an enlarged detail to see the deformation of the bottom plate of the tray when it is attracted by the magnets.
  • Figure 42.- It is a plan view of what is shown in Figure 41.
  • Reference 5 designates elevators to move the trays from a lower level where they are received, to an upper one located at the height of the bench where a carriage is located that has longitudinal advance movement and that makes intermediate stops at the pressing points and final pressing (if developed in two stages), or only pressing when there is only one stage.
  • reference 6 designates the gantry press that is itself known as it is currently used to form boards.
  • the tray or mold 1 After pressing, the tray or mold 1 passes to a belt or roller table that transports it to the demoulding post where there is a transverse crane bridge with suction cups and that removes the board 8 from the mold 1. The tray or mold 1 goes back to the elevator 5 and descends to be forwarded to the starting point of the cycle.
  • the tray 1 has a width corresponding to the length of the door 9 and a length equivalent to a multiple of the width thereof so that after demolding and after a time of stand for at least 24 hours to cool and stabilize it (see figure 1) is cut to take out an integer number of units.
  • Each window 10 or 11 has a telescopic formwork to contain the product (agglomerate of wood and glue particles), which we have called a blanket and that can be of sandwich or single layer type and of any particle size including known material as DM.
  • FIG 3 a door of the type referenced with 9 and the structure of the telescopic formwork necessary to manufacture a panel 8 of these characteristics is shown on a larger scale.
  • the formwork is generally referenced with the number 12 and the one corresponding to the smaller windows 10 or to the larger 11 only changes by the dimension of the longitudinal walls, for this type of door.
  • the telescopic portion 13 is the largest one because it is the outside of the assembly, has a triangular section and is fixed to the bottom 16 of the tray or mold 1.
  • the portion 14 is of trapezoidal section and in this case the intermediate section, sliding inside of the outer portion 13.
  • the upper portion 15 of smaller dimensions, fits inside the intermediate portion 14 and also has a trapezoidal section.
  • This telescopic assembly has the proper manufacturing tolerances to absorb the dilations and contractions due to the high temperatures of hot pressing dishes.
  • the telescopic formwork 12 of the windows has the extended portion marked in figure 4 due to the existence of the telescopic springs 17 evenly distributed along the windows (see figure 3) and linked to the movable portions 14 and 15 of the telescopic formwork 12, provided with three sections: 18, 19 and 20 connected in the manner we will see next.
  • the outer and upper section 18 is solidly connected to the upper portion 15 of the telescopic formwork 12; the intermediate section 19 is in the middle of the lower plate 21 with respect to the inner portion 14 of the telescopic formwork 12; while the inner section 20 of smaller diameter is free because it only acts to keep the three portions extended when the bottom is supported as we will see later, also absorbing the length of the helical spring 22 arranged coaxially inside, in the final position of the pressing.
  • the spring 22 is resting on the end covers 23 and 24 that close the ends of the telescopic spring 17.
  • the bottom cover 23 and the top 24 have their outer face protected with a layer of insulating material to withstand the high temperatures of the lower hot plates and top of the press with those who make contact during the entire pressing phase (in figures 5 and 8 we can see how the bottom plate, referenced with the number 25, supports the telescopic springs 17).
  • the telescopic sections or cylindrical bodies of the telescopic springs 17 have annular tabs or means that limit their maximum extension, preventing them from separating. This also means that the portions of the telescopic formwork 12 connected to them and that do not require other means of abutment are not removed.
  • Reference 26 designates the tensioners between each pair of springs 17 facing each other, being adjustable to adjust the tensions of the mold or tray.
  • the tensioners or transverse reinforcement rods that are lying between the intermediate portions 14 of the sides of the telescopic formwork of the windows 10 or 11, to avoid buckling due to the pressure of the pressing, can be seen in Figure 3 and on a larger scale in Figures 4 and 7, referenced with the number 27. As can be seen, they do not reach the walls but do so to small plates 28 (different from those referenced with 21 in Figure 4) welded to the lower part of said portion intermediate 14 to allow telescopic retraction of the upper portion 15, as seen exactly in Figure 7 which is a section along the line of cut EF of Figure 3.
  • the rods 27 have their ends threaded to make the adjustment by means of inner nuts 29 and the tightening of the outer counter nuts.
  • Reference 30 designates the baffle sheets through which the spilled product or blanket that falls into this area of windows to be left is achieved. empty, deviate into the windows and also separate from the telescopic formwork 12 in the useful area of the mold.
  • the agglomerated product is shown and the shape that takes its contour at the time of filling, before pressing, by the existence of said oblique sheet 30 that has a large part blown outwards as we have said before. Inland it has the starters 31
  • Reference 34 schematically indicates the bench through which trays 1 circulate provided with fastening and guiding means to advance through the pressing position.
  • the tensioning system is defined by the studs 38 and nuts 39.
  • the slides 35 slide in transverse dovetails 40 and the studs 38 anchored thereto are through the holes provided in the longitudinal strip 41 (whole or composed of sections), welded to the respective side of each tray that rolls along the bed 34 as a carriage by means of longitudinal guides and support rollers, as schematically shown in Figure 5.
  • the tray (integral or composite) is removed by removing the screws 37.
  • Each tray includes its corresponding side and window forms that are required depending on the chosen door model.
  • FIG. 8 An intermediate phase of the compression or pressing process between the lower mobile and fixed upper plates 42 is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the oblique sheets 30 strike against the fixed upper plate 42 and fold easily without difficulty. due to its elasticity, collecting the product 43 that is compressed until after finishing the pressing (see figure 9) acquires the final thickness.
  • the plate 25 rises the lower end of the spring 17, carrying the insulator, rests on the plate and the entire formwork rests on the hot upper plate, until it is fully pressed according to figure 9.
  • FIG. 11 and 12 it has been shown schematically a gantry press 44 or 44a respectively, to press a single board 8 or several of them simultaneously when there are intermediate hot plates 45.
  • Reference 46 designates the lifting system formed by two hydraulic cylinders in this example.
  • the transverse walls of the windows 11 also have another or others and in this case (only one), a spring 17 and a tension rod 26b lying between said spring 17 and a bridge 46 connected to the transverse tensioner 26.
  • Figure 14 shows one of the sliced portions 8a of the board 8 (see figure 1).
  • the triangular tabs 47 are distinguished, which continue along the inner periphery of the windows 10 and 11 as a result of the inclined or hypotenuse plane of the triangular section of the fixed lower portion 13 of the telescopic formwork 12 of the windows, after the demolding of the panel 8.
  • This similar triangular flange 48 is also formed on the smaller sides (corresponding to the lengths of the mold or tray) by unmolding the board by the similar formwork of these walls side of the mold, although this tab recently cited is removed by the manufacturer of the board when making cuts for cutting it.
  • the internal tabs or the periphery of the windows are eliminated in this same cutting and profiling operation.
  • Reference 49 of Figure 5 designates a stop element so that the hot plates 25 and 42 are at the distance corresponding to the thickness of the board 8 to be formed.
  • the bottom tray 1 16 is secured at least by its front and rear edges (there could be other or other intermediate fastening means) to two transverse bars 50 whose emergent ends thereof are fixed to the longitudinal supports 51 on either side by screws 52.
  • Each support 51 has rolling support means and lateral guidance as it passes through the hot plate press (25 the lower one and 42 the upper one) by having vertical wheels 53 and horizontal wheels 54, the first of which rest on the horizontal wing 55 of the square 56, attached to the side of the lower hot plate 25, all along it and both sides. Wheels 54 support and roll during the advance in the vertical wing of the same support 56.
  • Reference 57 designates an insulator that interposes between the hot plate 25 and said supports 51 so as not to transmit to them the heat of the plate 25.
  • a longitudinal rack 58 is connected to each support 51, which will come into contact with the drive pinion or pinions 59 which are located at fixed points of the hot plate press 25-42. It is observed in figure 15 to which we are referring, that the pinion 59 is partially shown because it has to have a length that corresponds to the height of the press (see figures 11 and 12) depending on the number of boards 8 that can form simultaneously in intermediate hot plates 45.
  • FIG 16 an embodiment similar to that contemplated in figure 15 is shown, where the tray 1 is fixed to the supports lengths 51 of the carriage itself, these having inferiorly a plurality of support rollers 62 in the horizontal wing 55 of the square attached to the respective side of the lower hot plate 25.
  • the rollers 63 of vertical axes capable of supporting on the walls 64 of the respective side arranged along the entire pressing station.
  • the vertical edges of the front end of said walls 64 include a chamfer that eliminates its internal edge to facilitate the entry of the tray-carriage and that the rollers 63 of the latter enter perfectly guided when reaching the pressing station where said walls are located lateral 64, clearly observing this chamfer in figure 16.
  • Reference 65 designates a curtain or elastic sheet with a function of dust covers for protection of the rollers 62 and that no particles of agglomerate enter them, in turn diverting the vapor that could enter this delicate area due to the elevated temperature, particles that They would be dragged by steam.
  • Figure 17 shows the installation in which the trays 66 are arranged in an elevator 67 and advance on an endless band that passes through the product loading station supplied by the trainers 68, the product (blanket) being able to receive a only of them or of the three if its composition is of sandwich type.
  • the waiting station to enter the trainers 68 is referenced with the number 69, there is also another waiting station 69 to enter the prepress 70.
  • the prepress station In the prepress station the thickness of the blanket is reduced by approximately half and it is dislodged the air that forms in its bosom.
  • Another elevator 67 is placing the trays at the height of the hot plates of the gantry press, of known structure and in which several boards can be obtained simultaneously (in this case four shown as shown in Figure 20).
  • FIGS. 18 and 19 show the structure of the trays 66 formed by the bottom plate 72, provided with the windows 73 and 74 in correspondence with the door openings for paneling or glazing, according to the different models, such as those shown. in figures 18 and 18a.
  • FIG 19 only the bottom plate 72 of the trays 66 has been shown and it can be seen that its leading edge
  • the cross bar 75 is welded to the entire width of the tray 66, with an inverted “L” section.
  • the "C” bar 76 is attached or locked, which in turn is integral with the bar 77 of rectangular section and of greater length than the previous 75 and 76, on whose free ends they will attack the thrust plugs of the drag system. of trays 66 as we will see next.
  • Figure 20 shows this drive system in the pressing area, defined by two endless side chains between pinions 78, simultaneously advancing both side chains.
  • Reference 79 designates the axes to which the even pinions 78 are integral and being in turn subject to the edge of the respective lower hot plate 80 of the gantry press 81, for simultaneous manufacturing of four boards in this embodiment.
  • the push studs 82 are integral (see Figure 19 better).
  • the lower rear edge of the bars 77 at its cantilever ends is rounded to soften the attack and exit of the pusher plugs 82 integral to the chain.
  • the upper hot plate of the multiple press is the fixed one and is referenced with the number 83 •
  • bars 76 and 77 are provided in solidarity with each other and pre-assembled on bars 75 of each of trays 66, because when trays 66 are changed to obtain another format of doors, this assembly is easily disassembled of bars 76, 77 and connects to the new tray 66 selected.
  • the solid profile of triangular section that borders the windows 73 and 74 of the bottom 72 of the trays 66, and also at least the longitudinal edges thereof as we said before.
  • the retractable formwork that allows to contain the initial thickness of the blanket 85 (before pressing and to receive the product of the forming machines 68) and the end after pressing, is formed by this profile 84 and the elastic sheet 86 that can easily pass from the position of strokes to the full line of figure 21.
  • the sheet 86 is fastened with the pieces 87.
  • the solid profile 84 is not directly welded to the bottom plate 72, but is made through pins 88 that enter through the external face of the formwork and pass through the strips 89 that are welded directly to the bottom plate 72. This is to absorb dilations of the plate 72 and allow some mobility and adjustment, it being provided that they are horizontally torn for this purpose. the holes in the strips 89.
  • the final thickness of the blanket, after pressing, is achieved by means of the calibrating slats 90 (see figure 20) fixed to the lower hot plate 80, which are naturally higher than the profiles 84 of the formwork.
  • the same formwork 84-86 allows boards of different thicknesses to be formed, without varying the height of the calibrating slats 90.
  • the width that the elastic sheet 86 has to have is previously determined so that its free edge marks the distance or distance of the blanket 85 from the formwork, since in the pressing it will expand and occupy this area in Triangular general initially empty, because the product does not reach the formwork, until the tab is formed, perimeter of triangular section as a result of the oblique face of the profile 84, at the end of the pressing.
  • This tab is a residual material and will be removed in the same board cutting operation to obtain the expected number of doors, as we said before.
  • the blanket 85 of product poured onto the trays 66 by the endless bands 91 (Figure 22) is adjusted to the desired width (close to the free edges of the elastic sheets 86 of the side walls of the mold or tray 66), as seen in Figure 22 and is performed by properly orientating the side plates 92.
  • the section 96 is fixed to the triangular portion 94 by the seating parts 98.
  • the spring 95 includes inside the coil spring 99 lying between the end caps 100 and 101 thereof.
  • the bottom 103 of the trays 102 has pairs of windows 104 and 105 in correspondence with the gaps that the doors to be removed from the board formed in this tray 102 or mold must have (in this example two holes of different length by door, and a large number of them in transverse arrangement that will be obtained by cutting the board afterwards).
  • the edges are machined to form doors as referenced with 106 and having gaps 107 and 108 for paneling or glazing.
  • Reference 109 designates the retractable formwork of the contour of the windows 104 and 105 and ' of the perimeter walls of the tray 102 to allow the mold to be filled with the particles of agglomerate and glue coming from the forming machines and falling as a blanket over the entire surface of the tray 102 that advances under them, leaving only the one that gravitates on the useful surface of the tray, the rest falling through the windows 104 and 105 to be returned to the trainers.
  • the retractable formwork 109 is defined by the profile in inverted "V" 110 which is fixed to the bottom plate 103 by the through keys 111 through the windows 112 and under the bridges 113 welded to the bottom plate 103, according to the sectioned view.
  • Reference 114 designates the welded plate to serve as a means of introducing the key 111 in its advance until reaching the opposite window 112.
  • the windows 112 are oversized to allow dilations and contractions due to temperature changes, since the trays 102 will pass through the porch press with hot plates at the different levels of the press to form several boards at the same time.
  • Figure 27 shows the geometric shape of the key 111, defined by an angle with the horizontal wing with functions of the key itself and which is bevelled with the inclination of the opposite wall of the "V" 110 profile, crossing advantageously the deflector sheet 115 that complements the retractable formwork 109.
  • the other wing descends obliquely attached to the entrance wall of the "V" profile 110 and prevents the key from coming out because the blanket of particleboard and glue particles gravitates on all of them. .
  • Reference 116 designates the outer strip that holds the starting area of the baffle sheet 115 by pressing it against the "V" profile 110 by tightening the screws 117 and nuts housed without problems inside said profile 110 since this retractable frame is independent and fixed to the bottom plate 103 of the tray exclusively with the keys 111.
  • the keys 111 also pass through this strip 116 when they have been recessed in correspondence.
  • press loader 125 which in this case can receive five levels of trays 102 and when it is full it introduces them into the gantry press 126.
  • press downloader 127 is very similar to charger 125 as we will see below.
  • It includes three endless chains 131 for each level, mounted at the appropriate distance in the bridge structure 132 that supports the lifting mechanism, which is ascending as it receives the trays in each level until the load is completed.
  • the columns of the bridge 132 slide on raceways 133 which move with forward and reverse movements by means of the hydraulic cylinders 134. Thanks to this movement, the hooks 118 of the trays that are prepared to enter the press are produced, in tacos 121 of those in the press ready to leave and thus give entrance to the previous ones.
  • the press downloader 127 is shown which is similar to the magazine 125 as it also has a bridge structure 132, raceways 133 and forward and reverse cylinders 134 for connection and disconnection of the delivery system. Tray hitch after pressing.
  • the most delayed game is a three-chain drive train referenced with 135 lying between front and rear sprockets with respective axes 136.
  • the most advanced game chains are referenced with 137 and are located between openwork pinion sprockets on the front and front axles 138 rear (see plan view in figure 39).
  • the chains 135 are the carriers of the drive tooth 122 for anchoring the hooks 118 of the trays 102 as we saw in relation to Figure 30
  • the single level conveyor 128 that is located at the outlet of the unloader 127 and that was partially shown in figures 28 and 29. It is of chains 140 lying between openwork crowns on front and rear 141 axles. At the entrance of the pre-press 124 there is also a single level conveyor, which we had referred to with the number 123 but as seen in figures 36 and 37 it is of belts 141 instead of chains because the trays 102 that proceed of the trainers are at low temperature.
  • the electromagnets 144 interposed between the rollers 142 that attract the bottom plate 103 are electrically actuated from the tray 102, detaching it from the board 143.
  • the bridge crane carrying vacuum suction cups that support different points of the board, lift it and transfer it to the storage place.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Packaging Frangible Articles (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a tray for the production of hardboards for doors, comprising cavities for panelling or glazing. According to the invention, the trays (1, 66, 102) are moved continuously and filled with wood particle board and binder in the form of a blanket (43, 85) that is supplied by formers. The base (16,32,103) of the tray is provided with a series of holes (10, 11; 73, 74; 104, 105) which correspond to the cavities in the doors that are intended to be panelled or glazed. The contour of the holes (10, 11; 73, 74; 104, 105) and at least the longitudinal walls of the tray (1, 66, 102) are equipped with a retractable casing (12-30; 84-86; 93-94-86; 110-115) which can absorb the difference in the thickness of the blanket (43, 85) before and after pressing. The front and rear ends of the trays (1, 66, 102) are equipped with means (50, 75, 77, 118, 121) that enable the trays (1, 66, 102) to be connected and to move through the press.

Description

BANDEJA PARA LA FABRICACIÓN DE TABLEROS DE AGLOMERADO TRAY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BOILING BOARDS
PARA PUERTAS CON HUECOS PARA PANELAR O ACRISTALARFOR DOORS WITH HOLLOWS FOR PANELAR OR GLASS
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención, según se expresa en el enunciado de esta memoria descriptiva, se refiere a una bandeja para la fabricación de tableros de aglomerado para puertas con huecos para panelar o acristalar, aportando notables características ventajosas para este sector de la técnica. Es un objeto de la invención el fabricar los tableros incluyendo los huecos habituales que se hacen después para panelar o acristalar, evitando así el que tengan que hacerse posteriormente en el tablero, con el desperdicio de material y mano de obra que ello conlleva.The present invention, as expressed in the statement of this specification, refers to a tray for the manufacture of chipboard panels for doors with paneling or glazing gaps, providing notable advantageous features for this sector of the art. It is an object of the invention to manufacture the boards including the usual gaps that are then made for paneling or glazing, thus avoiding that which has to be done later on the board, with the waste of material and labor that entails.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Actualmente se fabrican los tableros de aglomerado de forma continua mediante formadoras que vierten una primera capa de producto de mayor densidad y menor tamaño de partículas de madera, mezclado con cola y otros productos activos, sobre la banda de una cinta transportadora. Sobre esta capa cae una segunda de mayor espesor, menor densidad y partículas de mayor tamaño, y finalmente se dispone otra capa análoga a la primera, vertida con otra formadora, según una disposición de sandwich. Esta manta de partículas de madera y cola puede ser de un solo tamaño de partículas, con una composición uniforme, incluso correspondiente al material denominado DM. Independientemente de la estructura y composición de la manta que constituirá tras el prensado el tablero con el espesor de la puerta, tiene inicialmente un espesor del orden de 90-170 mm que se vierte sobre el molde o bandeja, y una vez prensado en la prensa de platos calientes se obtiene a un grosor del orden de 25- 40 mm para puertas estándar.Currently, the agglomerate boards are manufactured continuously by means of trainers that pour a first layer of product of greater density and smaller size of wood particles, mixed with glue and other active products, on the belt of a conveyor belt. On this layer a second one of greater thickness, lower density and larger particles falls, and finally another layer similar to the first one, poured with another former, is arranged according to a sandwich arrangement. This blanket of wood particles and glue can be of a single particle size, with a uniform composition, even corresponding to the material called DM. Regardless of the structure and composition of the blanket that will constitute after the pressing the board with the thickness of the door, initially has a thickness of the order of 90-170 mm that is poured on the mold or tray, and once pressed in the hot plate press it is obtained to a thickness of the order of 25-40 mm for standard doors.
Después se trocea por parte del fabricante del tablero, a las medidas que facilita el fabricante de puertas (con el objeto de paliar la dificultad de movimientos y transporte debido a la gran dimensión de las planchas) .Then it is cut by the manufacturer of the board, to the measures provided by the manufacturer of doors (in order to alleviate the difficulty of movement and transport due to the large size of the plates).
El fabricante de puertas, a su vez los corta y mecaniza para sacar las puertas a las medidas deseadas.The manufacturer of doors, in turn cuts and mechanizes them to remove the doors to the desired measures.
Actualmente existen dos tipos de puertas: - Puertas armadas, para las que hay que partir como mínimo de cuatro piezas: los dos largueros, la parte baja y la parte superior. Podría llevar más piezas según el reparto de los plafones . Para este proceso de construcción de puertas armadas, hay que cortar dichas piezas y ensamblarlas mediante espigado y encolado.Currently there are two types of doors: - Armed doors, for which you have to start at least four pieces: the two stringers, the lower part and the upper part. I could carry more pieces according to the distribution of the panels. For this process of construction of reinforced doors, these pieces must be cut and assembled by means of spigotting and gluing.
Puertas de una sola pieza, para cuya fabricación se precisa un pantógrafo para vaciar la zona interior correspondiente a los huecos o ventanas que determinan los plafones, dejando el cerco de una sola pieza. Se crea así un desperdicio del orden de 40-57%.One-piece doors, whose manufacture requires a pantograph to empty the interior area corresponding to the gaps or windows that determine the soffits, leaving the fence of one piece. This creates a waste of the order of 40-57%.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN En líneas generales, la bandeja para la fabricación de tableros de aglomerado para puertas con huecos para panelar o acristalar, objeto de la invención, permite obtener los tableros como materia prima para su troceado, mediante moldeo, recibiéndose la manta procedente de las formadoras (de una sola o de tres para formar un sandwich en el que el material tiene distintas densidades) , en una bandeja cuya anchura se corresponde preferentemente con el largo de las puertas a formar y su longitud es equivalente a un múltiplo del ancho de éstas, con la particularidad de que el fondo de la bandeja posee ventanas en correspondencia con los plafones (huecos que después han de panelarse o acristalarse) que ha de llevar la puerta.DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In general, the manufacturing tray of chipboard panels for doors with paneling or glazing gaps, object of the invention, allows the boards to be obtained as raw material for their cutting, by molding, receiving the blanket coming from the shapers (one or three to form a sandwich in which the material has different densities), in a tray whose width preferably corresponds to the length of the doors to be formed and their length is equivalent to a multiple of their width, with the particularity that the bottom of the tray has windows in correspondence with the ceilings (holes that must be paneled or glazed) that the door has to carry.
Esto conlleva una serie de ventajas entre las que podemos destacar las siguientes:This entails a series of advantages, among which we can highlight the following:
Eliminación de desperdicios.Waste disposal.
Independientemente de los huecos que tenga la puerta, siempre es de una sola pieza.Regardless of the gaps in the door, it is always in one piece.
Acorde con la invención, la bandeja incluye en el contorno de cada ventana, un encofrado retraible o telescópico asistido por resortes, susceptible de tener inicialmente una altura que corresponde con el espesor de la manta antes de la compactación y que permita y absorba la diferencia de espesores hasta el que ha de tener después de la compactación entre los dos platos calientes de la prensa de pórticos en la que convencionalmente se desarrolla el prensado o compactación .According to the invention, the tray includes in the contour of each window, a retractable or telescopic spring-assisted formwork, capable of initially having a height that corresponds to the thickness of the blanket before compaction and that allows and absorbs the difference in thicknesses up to what it has to have after compaction between the two hot plates of the gantry press in which conventionally the pressing or compaction is developed.
Por estas ventanas caen las porciones de manta o partículas mezcladas con la cola, que llenarían estas zonas y que es recogida en una cinta inferior para ser reutilizada pues se reenvía directamente a las correspondientes tolvas de las formadoras . El encofrado telescópico de cada ventana está materializado por porciones telescópicas desplazables o retraibles, asistidas por muelles recuperadores de la posición inicial o de extensión, para contener el producto vertido en las zonas útiles. La porción telescópica de mayores dimensiones es la inferior y es solidaria del fondo de la bandeja en correspondencia con el borde perimetral de la ventana. El resto de porciones se desplaza telescópicamente hacia arriba por acción de los muelles elásticos que también son tramos telescópicos y están asistidos de un resorte coaxial interior que se aplica sobre las bases del conjunto.Portions of blanket fall through these windows or particles mixed with the tail, which would fill these areas and which is collected on a lower belt to be reused as it is sent directly to the corresponding hoppers of the forming machines. The telescopic formwork of each window is materialized by movable or retractable telescopic portions, assisted by springs recovering from the initial or extension position, to contain the product poured into the useful areas. The larger telescopic portion is the lower one and is integral with the bottom of the tray in correspondence with the perimeter edge of the window. The rest of the portions are telescopically moved upwards by the action of the elastic springs which are also telescopic sections and are assisted by an internal coaxial spring that is applied on the bases of the assembly.
La porción superior del encofrado telescópico de las ventanas está unida al tramo telescópico de mayor diámetro de los muelles, y la porción o porciones intermedias lo están respecto a la parte inferior de los tramos intermedios respectivos de los muelles telescópicos. De esta forma la tensión de los muelles provoca el levantamiento de las porciones telescópicas del encofrado, quedando listo para recibi'r la materia prima .The upper portion of the telescopic formwork of the windows is attached to the telescopic section of larger diameter of the springs, and the intermediate portion or portions are relative to the lower part of the respective intermediate sections of the telescopic springs. In this way the tension of the springs causes the telescopic portions of the formwork to be lifted, being ready to receive the raw material.
Como refuerzo para resistir los esfuerzos de compresión cuando se aproximan los platos de la prensa, entre cada dos muelles telescópicos enfrentados y situados a distancias regulares en sentido longitudinal, "~ O ™As a reinforcement to resist compression efforts when the press plates are approaching, between every two telescopic springs facing each other and located at regular distances in a longitudinal direction, "~ O ™
puede disponerse un tensor o varilla transversal de refuerzo y longitud regulable. También pueden existir varillas tensoras vinculadas por sus extremos a sendas placas que parten de la parte inferior de las porciones intermedias del encofrado telescópico de las ventanas, siendo necesario el empleo de estas placas para salvar el espesor de las porciones telescópicas superiores a ella, permitiendo el retraimiento de todo el conjuntoa tensioner or transverse rod of reinforcement and adjustable length can be arranged. There may also be tension rods linked at their ends to two plates that start from the lower part of the intermediate portions of the telescopic formwork of the windows, being necessary to use these plates to save the thickness of the telescopic portions above it, allowing the retraction of the whole set
• ' telescópico . Además de estos encofrados telescópicos retraibles para las ventanas, también se ha previsto que al menos las paredes longitudinales del molde o bandeja sean también retraibles ó telescópicas y estén asistidas por correspondientes muelles para evitar que se derrame exceso de producto y que se formen los tableros sin mermas en los cantos longitudinales del mismo, como veremos más adelante en relación con las figuras . Así se absorbe de forma análoga a la comentada anteriormente en relación con los encofrados telescópicos de las ventanas, la diferencia de espesores de la manta, antes y después del prensado. Se prevé que pueda ser conveniente que las paredes transversales sean también similares a las longitudinales, es decir, telescópicas o retraibles y solidarias entre sí o independientes las porciones correspondientes. • ' telescopic. In addition to these retractable telescopic formwork for the windows, it is also provided that at least the longitudinal walls of the mold or tray are also retractable or telescopic and are assisted by corresponding springs to prevent excess product spillage and that the boards are formed without shrinkage in its longitudinal edges, as we will see later in relation to the figures. Thus, the difference in thickness of the blanket, before and after pressing, is absorbed in an analogous manner to the one mentioned above in relation to the telescopic formwork of the windows. It is envisaged that it may be desirable that the transverse walls are also similar to the longitudinal ones, that is, telescopic or retractable and mutually integral or independent of the corresponding portions.
Para evitar que el flujo de vertido de producto para llenado del molde, caiga en exceso sobre los encofrados y a su vez se dirija correctamente hacia las ventanas para su recuperación por reenvío directo a las tolvas de las formadoras, así como que se controle el flujo sobre la superficie útil de la bandeja, se ha previsto la disposición de unas láminas planas elásticas que actúan como deflectores del producto cumpliendo dicha misión. También cumplen la misión de detener el avance del producto vertido en las superficies útiles de la bandeja, es decir, donde toma cuerpo el tablero, actuando como parte importante del encofrado retraible.To prevent the flow of product pouring for mold filling, it falls too much on the formwork and in turn is directed correctly towards the windows for recovery by direct forwarding to the hoppers of the forming machines, as well as controlling the flow over the useful surface of the tray, the provision of elastic flat sheets that act as baffles of the product is provided fulfilling this mission. They also fulfill the mission of stopping the advance of the product poured on the useful surfaces of the tray, that is, where the board takes shape, acting as an important part of the retractable formwork.
Estas láminas planas y elásticas, están solidarizadas a las porciones telescópicas superiores del encofrado, en cada uno de los tramos rectos y adoptan una posición oblicua, con vertiente hacia el interior de las ventanas. Otras láminas están en los tramos superiores de las paredes laterales del molde y vierten hacia el exterior del mismo. Disponen de una prolongación volada hacia la superficie útil de la bandeja que aleja el producto vertido respecto del encofrado .These flat and elastic sheets are in solidarity with the upper telescopic portions of the formwork, in each of the straight sections and adopt an oblique position, with a slope towards the inside of the windows. Other sheets are in the upper sections of the side walls of the mold and pour outwards thereof. They have an extension extended towards the useful surface of the tray that moves away the spilled product with respect to the formwork.
Mediante unos extractores se absorbe el producto que queda depositado en lugares no deseados, para no crear zonas con residuos que se encastrarían en las superficie por las elevadas temperaturas de los platos .By means of extractors the product that is deposited in unwanted places is absorbed, so as not to create areas with residues that would be embedded in the surface by the high temperatures of the dishes.
Para el desmoldeo del tablero, la porción telescópica inferior del encofrado telescópico de las ventanas y que está fija al fondo de la bandeja, tiene sección triangular con vertiente hacia la superficie útil y constituye por sí misma la pared del molde en el momento del prensado o mínimo espesor de la manta. Esta configuración tronco-piramidal que determinan estas paredes perimétricas de las ventanas del molde, hace fácil el desmoldeo. El tablero obtenido, independientemente del material constitutivo integrado por partículas de madera de un mismo tamaño en una sola capa, incluyendo el DM, o de tres • capas de distintas densidades formando un sandwich, tendrá por tanto esta pestaña triangular en el borde de las ventanas . También se forma en los bordes longitudinales del tablero, y en su caso en los transversales del mismo, como consecuencia de las paredes telescópicas o retraibles del molde, de geometría análoga. Esta pestaña triangular es eliminada por mecanizado al confeccionar la puerta a la medida requerida.For the demoulding of the board, the lower telescopic portion of the telescopic formwork of the windows and which is fixed to the bottom of the tray, has a triangular section with a slope towards the useful surface and constitutes by itself the wall of the mold at the time of pressing or minimum thickness of the blanket. This trunk-pyramidal configuration determined by these perimeter walls of the mold windows makes demolding easy. The board obtained, regardless of the constituent material composed of wood particles of a size in a single layer, including the MD or three layers of different densities • forming a sandwich, this tab will therefore triangular at the edge of the windows. It is also formed on the longitudinal edges of the board, and where appropriate on the transverse thereof, as a result of the telescopic or retractable walls of the mold, of analogous geometry. This triangular flange is eliminated by machining by making the door to the required size.
En la instalación, las formadoras descargan el producto sobre las bandejas en movimiento que avanzan sobre un carro longitudinal con movimiento continuo, al que acceden desde una banda sinfín y mediante un dispositivo elevador. Después del prensado en el puesto correspondiente (que puede constar de un pre-prensado al 50% y de un prensado final) la bandeja es evacuada por una cinta de transporte hacia el puesto de desmoldeo mediante un sistema preferentemente de ventosas que lo extraen verticalmente del molde. Estas bandejas retroceden para posicionarse sobre el elevador que las devolverá al punto de origen.In the installation, the trainers unload the product on the moving trays that advance on a longitudinal carriage with continuous movement, which they access from an endless band and by means of a lifting device. After pressing in the corresponding position (which may consist of a 50% pressing and a final pressing) the tray is evacuated by a conveyor belt to the demoulding position by means of a system preferably of suction cups that extract it vertically from the mold. These trays move back to position themselves on the elevator that will return them to the point of origin.
Con ser esta estructura ventajosa respecto de la técnica anterior, se ha considerado que puede simplificarse la estructura que ofrece la propia bandeja y sus elementos afines que avanzan con ella, sobre todo en lo que concierne al encofrado telescópico de las ventanas y al menos al de las paredes laterales de las bandejas o moldes. También se mejora el sistema de avance y guiado de las bandejas en la estación de prensado .With this structure being advantageous with respect to the prior art, it has been considered that the structure offered by the tray itself and its related elements that advance with it can be simplified, especially as regards the telescopic formwork of the windows and at least that of the side walls of the trays or molds. It also improves the system of advance and guidance of the trays in the pressing station.
Para ello, las bandejas están formadas por una plancha plana de fondo con las ventanas o huecos pertinentes dependiendo del modelo de puerta a construir, repitiéndose un número entero de veces según la distribución deseada. En la periferia de las ventanas y en proximidad al menos a los bordes longitudinales de la plancha, se encuentra el encofrado retraible definido acorde con la simplificación citada, simplemente por un perfil triangular y la lámina elástica deflectora sujeta en la cara externa " del encofrado, conformando la pendiente de evacuación del producto (manta) para su recuperación y reenvío a las tolvas de las formadoras . El borde libre de la lámina marca la proyección del producto en la superficie útil del molde o bandeja. Esta disposición absorbe perfectamente la diferencia de espesores de la manta antes y después del prensado, como veremos claramente en relación con las figuras . La superficie de fondo se prolonga por la parte delantera de la bandeja para permitir el montaje solidario de una barra transversal dispuesta a todo el ancho y en ella se conecta otra barra de mayor longitud para que sus extremos en voladizo definan medios de arrastre de la bandeja al llegar a contactar con ellos unos topes parejos montados en dos cadenas colaterales tendidas entre piñones y estando ubicados dichos topes a distancias adecuadas. Este sistema de arrastre tiene lugar en la estación de prensado entre los platos calientes para acceder a ellos y salir de los mismos. Los piñones de accionamiento de las cadenas giran simultáneamente para conseguir un óptimo arrastre y están anclados a través de cojinetes a los cantos frontales de los platos inferiores respectivos, pues las bandejas han de desplazarse verticalmente con ellos hasta finalizar el prensado. Después se separan los platos inferiores para permitir la salida de las bandejas accionadas por los topes empuj adores que abandonan su acción de empuje al alcanzar el piñón de reenvío, depositándolas en el elevador que las conduce al puesto de desmoldeo tras el oportuno tiempo de reposo durante al menos veinticuatro horas para enfriar y estabilizar el producto.For this, the trays are formed by a flat bottom plate with the relevant windows or gaps depending on the door model to be built, repeating an integer number of times according to the desired distribution. On the periphery of the windows and in proximity at least to the longitudinal edges of the plate, there is the retractable formwork defined in accordance with the simplification mentioned, simply by a triangular profile and the deflector elastic sheet held on the external face of the formwork, forming the slope of product evacuation (blanket) for recovery and forwarding to the hoppers of the forming machines.The free edge of the sheet marks the projection of the product on the useful surface of the mold or tray.This arrangement perfectly absorbs the difference in thicknesses of the blanket before and after pressing, as we will clearly see in relation to the figures.The bottom surface is extended by the front of the tray to allow the solidary assembly of a crossbar arranged at full width and connected therein another bar of greater length so that its cantilever ends define means of dragging the tray upon contact with them even stops mounted on two collateral chains lying between pinions and said stops being located at adequate distances. This drag system takes place at the pressing station between hot plates to access and exit them. The chain drive sprockets rotate simultaneously to achieve optimum drag and are anchored through bearings to the front edges of the respective lower plates, as the trays have to move vertically with them until the pressing is finished. The lower plates are then separated to allow the trays driven by the thrust stops that leave their pushing action to reach the pinion of the return, leaving them in the elevator that leads them to the demoulding post after the appropriate rest time during at least twenty four hours to cool and stabilize the product.
También se ha previsto que el encofrado telescópico pueda estar formado por dos porciones de sección triangular, la exterior de mayores dimensiones anclada a la plancha y la interior dotada de la lámina elástica deflectora. Esta porción interior lleva solidarios los muelles telescópicos que permiten su extensión y el retraimiento para posibilitar el prensado. El muelle telescópico tiene solo dos tramos y al igual que el contemplado anteriormente tiene medios limitadores de su máxima extensión y está asistido por un resorte coaxial que mantiene la posición de extensión. La porción volada de la lámina elástica cumple satisfactoriamente la función de detención de la parte superior de la manta. El retraimiento se lleva a cabo al desplazarse hacia arriba el plato inferior, una vez que las láminas elásticas se doblan al incidir con el plato superior, haciéndolo después los muelles y encofrado telescópicos.It has also been foreseen that the telescopic formwork can be formed by two triangular sections, the exterior of larger dimensions anchored to the plate and the interior equipped with the elastic deflector sheet. This inner portion bears the telescopic springs that allow its extension and retraction to enable pressing. The telescopic spring has only two sections and, like the one contemplated above, has limiting means of its maximum extension and is assisted by a coaxial spring that maintains the extension position. The flown portion of the elastic sheet satisfactorily fulfills the function of stopping the upper part of the blanket. The retraction is carried out when the lower plate moves upwards, once the elastic sheets are folded when they hit the upper plate, then doing the springs and formwork telescopic
Acorde con la presente invención, se ha previsto también el disponer en el borde delantero de las bandejas unos soportes con una extensión a modo de gancho que será trabado por un diente previsto en las cadenas de arrastre del cargador y descargador múltiple de la prensa, en los distintivos niveles que poseen los platos calientes de la misma. En el borde trasero de las bandejas también están montados otros soportes con un taco emergente donde quedará trabado el gancho correspondiente de la parte delantera de la bandeja contigua posterior, cargándose de nuevo la prensa a la vez que salen las bandejas ya prensadas pues los diferentes niveles coinciden. El cargador de bandejas las recibe unitariamente desde la pre-prensa y va ascendiendo según recibe las bandejas hasta que se complete la carga. Tanto el cargador como el descargador incluye pares de cadenas sinfín sobre las que descansan las bandejas por cada nivel de la prensa y soportadas en una estructura de puente que es deslizante sobre pistas de rodadura y con accionamiento hidráulico para producir la conexión de las bandejas del cargador con las de prensa y para conectar las del descargador con las de la prensa, respectivamente. Un perfeccionamiento de la invención 'se centra en el sistema de desmoldeo de los tableros, extrayéndolos del molde o bandeja en el que se forman. Las bandejas son recibidas en una mesa de rodillos, bajo un puente grúa que toma unitariamente los tableros por efecto ventosa, a la vez que unos imanes intermedios atraen la chapa de fondo para facilitar que se despegue.In accordance with the present invention, it is also provided to arrange on the front edge of the trays some supports with a hook-like extension that will be locked by a tooth provided in the drag chains of the magazine and multiple unloader of the press, in the distinctive levels that the hot dishes of it possess. Other supports are also mounted on the rear edge of the trays with a pop-up block where the corresponding hook of the front part of the next adjacent tray will be locked, the press being reloaded while the already pressed trays come out as the different levels match. The tray loader receives them individually from the pre-press and ascends as it receives the trays until the load is completed. Both the loader and the unloader include pairs of endless chains on which the trays rest on each level of the press and supported on a bridge structure that is sliding on raceways and with hydraulic actuation to produce the connection of the loader trays with those of the press and to connect those of the unloader with those of the press, respectively. A refinement of the invention 'focuses on the demoulding system of the boards, removing them from the mold or tray in which they are formed. The trays are received on a roller table, under a crane bridge that takes the boards together by suction effect, while intermediate magnets attract the bottom plate to facilitate peeling off.
En otra forma de realización, el perfil solidario de la chapa de fondo de las bandejas, que forma parte del encofrado retraible, está ventajosamente materializado por un perfil de chapa en "V" invertida que apoya por sus alas en el fondo de la bandeja y anclado mediante unas chavetas entrantes por respectivas ventanas equidistantes a todo lo largo del perfil, practicadas en ambas alas. La chaveta pasa a su vez bajo el tramo horizontal de sendos soportes en forma de puente soldados previamente a dicha chapa de fondo. Para guiar la entrada de la chaveta existe otra pletina soldada bajo el puente. Al ala correspondiente del perfil en "V" se sujeta con tornillos la lámina deflectora que queda aprisionada con ayuda de una regleta de igual longitud y que está provista de orificios .In another embodiment, the support profile of the bottom plate of the trays, which is part of the retractable formwork, is advantageously materialized by an inverted "V" sheet profile that supports by its wings at the bottom of the tray and anchored by means of incoming keys by respective equidistant windows all along the profile, practiced on both wings. The key passes in turn under the horizontal section of two bridge-shaped supports previously welded to said bottom plate. To guide the entrance of the key there is another plate welded under the bridge. To the corresponding wing of the "V" profile, the baffle sheet is fastened with screws, with the help of a strip of equal length and provided with holes.
Para facilitar la comprensión de las características de la invención y formando parte integrante de esta memoria descriptiva se acompañan una hojas de planos en cuyas figuras, con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado lo siguiente :To facilitate the understanding of the features of the invention and as an integral part of this specification, a sheet of drawings is attached in whose figures, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS Figura 1.- Es una vista esquemática en planta, de la instalación para fabricación de puertas de aglomerado con las bandejas objeto de la invención.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1.- It is a schematic plan view of the installation for manufacturing chipboard doors with the trays object of the invention.
Figura 2.- Es una vista en planta de una bandeja en la que se obtendrá una serie entera de puertas dependiendo de la longitud de aquélla. Figura 2a.- Muestra ejemplos de distintos modelos de puertas que pueden fabricarse acorde con la invención, sin más que disponer los encofrados correspondientes . Figura 3. - Es una vista en planta de uno de los encofrados de la bandeja o molde para obtener puertas de dos huecos de distinto tamaño, en este ejemplo de realización, como el mostrado en la figura 2.Figure 2.- It is a plan view of a tray in which an entire series of doors will be obtained depending on the length of the tray. Figure 2a.- Shows examples of different models of doors that can be manufactured in accordance with the invention, without simply arranging the corresponding formwork. Figure 3. - It is a plan view of one of the forms of the tray or mold to obtain doors of two holes of different sizes, in this example of embodiment, as shown in Figure 2.
Figura 4.- Es una sección por la línea de corte A-B de la figura 3.Figure 4.- It is a section along the line A-B of Figure 3.
Figura 5.- Es una sección por la línea de corte C-D de la figura 2.Figure 5.- It is a section along the line C-D of Figure 2.
Figura 6.- Es una vista parcial en planta, de una de las bandejas formada a su vez por porciones independientes consecutivas, ancladas al carro y provistas de medios de tensado.Figure 6.- It is a partial plan view of one of the trays formed in turn by consecutive independent portions, anchored to the carriage and provided with tensioning means.
Figura 7.- Es una sección por la línea de corte E-F de la figura 3.Figure 7.- It is a section along the E-F cut line of figure 3.
Figura 8.- Es una vista similar a la figura 7, en una posición intermedia de la fase de prensado donde se ve el molde o bandeja entre los dos platos calientes que provocan la compresión y el retraimiento del encofrado telescópico de las ventanas, simultáneo a su movimiento, en contra de los muelles recuperadores de la posición extendida.Figure 8 .- It is a view similar to Figure 7, in an intermediate position of the pressing phase where the mold or tray is seen between the two hot plates that cause compression and retraction of the telescopic formwork of the windows, simultaneously with its movement, against the recovery springs of the extended position.
Figura 9.- Es una vista similar a la figura 8, en la fase de compactación total para formar el espesor de la puerta.Figure 9.- It is a view similar to Figure 8, in the phase of total compaction to form the thickness of the door.
Figura 10.- Es un detalle de la lámina oblicua deflectora, montada en la porción superior del encofrado y dotada con los recortes para salvar los muelles telescópicos, coincidiendo con el detalle I de la figura 4.Figure 10.- It is a detail of the oblique deflector sheet, mounted on the upper part of the formwork and equipped with the cuts to save the telescopic springs, coinciding with detail I of Figure 4.
Figura 11.- Es una vista esquemática en alzado transversal, de una prensa de pórticos, observándose el carro porta-bandejas y el accionamiento del plato inferior para obtener tableros en una sola bandeja.Figure 11.- It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gantry press, observing the tray carriage and the lower plate drive to obtain boards in a single tray.
Figura 12.- Es una vista esquemática similar a la figura 11, para formar simultáneamente cuatro tableros apilados en una prensa múltiple.Figure 12.- It is a schematic view similar to Figure 11, to simultaneously form four boards stacked in a multiple press.
Figura 13.- Es una sección por la línea de corte G- H de la figura 3.Figure 13.- It is a section along the line G-H of Figure 3.
Figura 14.- Es una vista de una de las puertas formada tras el desmoldeo del tablero y troceado del mismo .Figure 14.- It is a view of one of the doors formed after the demoulding of the board and cutting it.
Figura 15.- Es una sección por la línea de corte C- D de la figura 2, según otro ejemplo de realización de los medios de sujeción de la bandeja a su paso por la prensa de platos calientes. Figura 16,- Es una vista seccionada similar a la figura 15, de un tercer modo de realización de los medios de guiado, apoyo y avance de las bandejas en la zona de la prensa.Figure 15.- It is a section along the line C-D of Figure 2, according to another example of embodiment of the means for holding the tray as it passes through the hot plate press. Figure 16, - It is a sectional view similar to Figure 15, of a third embodiment of the means for guiding, supporting and advancing the trays in the area of the press.
Figura 17.- Es una vista esquemática en planta, de la instalación para fabricación de tableros de aglomerado para puertas, incluyendo unas mejoras objeto de la invención.Figure 17.- It is a schematic plan view of the installation for the manufacture of chipboard panels for doors, including improvements object of the invention.
Figura 18.- Es una vista en planta de una de las bandejas para fabricación de un modelo determinado de puertas, acorde con la invención. Figura 18a.- Representa distintos modelos de puertas que pueden fabricarse acorde con la invención, sin más que disponer los correspondientes encofrados.Figure 18.- It is a plan view of one of the trays for manufacturing a particular model of doors, according to the invention. Figure 18a.- Represents different models of doors that can be manufactured according to the invention, without having to arrange the corresponding formwork.
Figura 19.- Es una sección en alzado longitudinal para observar el sistema de arrastre de las bandejas, representadas éstas por su plancha de fondo y su barra transversal en el borde delantero, a la que están conectados otros elementos afines para conseguir su avance . Figura 20.- Es una vista esquemática en alzado frontal, de una prensa de pórticos para formar simultáneamente cuatro tableros apilados.Figure 19.- It is a section in longitudinal elevation to observe the system of dragging of the trays, these represented by its bottom plate and its crossbar at the front edge, to which other related elements are connected to achieve its advance. Figure 20.- It is a schematic front elevation view of a gantry press to simultaneously form four stacked boards.
Figura 21.- Es una vista parcial esquemática y en sección longitudinal, de una bandeja dispuesta en el puesto de prensado, con el encofrado retraible formado por un nervio macizo fijado al fondo de la bandeja y la lámina deflectora, con el que se pueden obtener distintos espesores de tablero.Figure 21.- It is a partial schematic and longitudinal section view of a tray arranged in the pressing position, with the retractable formwork formed by a solid rib fixed to the bottom of the tray and the deflector sheet, with which they can be obtained different board thicknesses.
Figura 22.- Es una sección parcial transversal en alzado, de una de las bandejas a su paso por el puesto de carga, con el encofrado retraible desplegado para recibir el producto de las formadoras .Figure 22.- It is a partial cross section in elevation, of one of the trays as it passes through the loading post, with the retractable formwork deployed to receive the product of the forming machines.
Figura 23. - Es una vista parcial y en sección de una de las bandejas con su encofrado retraible formado por dos porciones telescópicas asistidas por muelles telescópicos de dos tramos, en posición desplegada.Figure 23. - It is a partial and sectional view of one of the trays with its retractable formwork formed by two telescopic portions assisted by two-section telescopic springs, in an unfolded position.
Figura 24.- Es una vista similar a la figura 23, en posición plegada o de prensado entre los platos calientes de la prensa. Figura 25.- Es una vista esquemática en planta y alzado, de una bandeja o molde para la fabricación de tableros de aglomerado para puertas con dos huecos para panelar o acristalar, según otros perfeccionamientos de la invención. Figura 26. - Es una vista ampliada del detalle A de la figura 25, incluyendo también una sección en alzado longitudinal .Figure 24.- It is a view similar to Figure 23, in the folded or pressed position between the hot plates of the press. Figure 25.- It is a schematic plan view and elevation, of a tray or mold for the manufacture of chipboard panels for doors with two holes for paneling or glazing, according to other improvements of the invention. Figure 26. - It is an enlarged view of detail A of Figure 25, also including a section in longitudinal elevation.
Figura 27.- Es una vista ampliada de detalle B de la figura 25, incluyendo también una vista parcial en perspectiva del perfil en "V" invertida, para observar las ventanas de paso de las chavetas de fijación.Figure 27.- It is an enlarged detail view B of Figure 25, also including a partial perspective view of the inverted "V" profile, to observe the passage windows of the fixing keys.
Figura 28.- Es una vista esquemática en alzado longitudinal, de la instalación para fabricación de tableros de aglomerado para puertas empleando las bandejas de la figura 25 perfeccionamientos objeto de la invención.Figure 28.- It is a schematic view in longitudinal elevation of the installation for the manufacture of chipboard panels for doors using the trays of Figure 25, improvements that are the object of the invention.
Figura 29.- Es una vista en planta de lo mostrado en la figura 28.Figure 29.- It is a plan view of what is shown in Figure 28.
Figura 30.- Es una vista ampliada de una parte de la instalación, concretamente de la zona de prensado de la figura 28 y el cargador y descargador afines, en un momento en el que las bandejas están conectadas consecutivamente .Figure 30.- It is an enlarged view of a part of the installation, specifically of the pressing area of Figure 28 and the related loader and unloader, at a time when the trays are connected consecutively.
Figura 31.- Es una visa esquemática ampliada del cargador de bandejas de la figura 28, sin ' conectar las bandejas, para observar su estructura de soporte.Figure 31.- It is an enlarged schematic visa of the tray loader of Figure 28, without 'connecting the trays, to observe its support structure.
Figura 32,- Es una vista en alzado lateral de lo mostrado en la figura 31.Figure 32, - It is a side elevation view of what is shown in Figure 31.
Figura 33.- Es una vista en planta de lo mostrado en la figura 31. Figura 34.- Es una vista en planta, a mayor escala, a la salida del descargador y entrada a la mesa de demoldeo .Figure 33.- It is a plan view of what is shown in Figure 31. Figure 34.- It is a plan view, on a larger scale, at the exit of the unloader and entry to the demolition table.
Figura 35.- Es una vista en alzado de lo mostrado en la figura 34.Figure 35.- It is an elevation view of what is shown in Figure 34.
Figura 36.- Es una vista en planta de un transportador de correas a la entrada de la pre-prensa.Figure 36.- It is a plan view of a belt conveyor at the entrance of the pre-press.
Figura 37.- Es una vista en alzado transversal de lo mostrado en la figura 36. Figura 38.- Es una vista en alzado longitudinal del descargador, sin incluir las bandejas.Figure 37.- It is a cross-sectional view of that shown in Figure 36. Figure 38.- It is a longitudinal elevation view of the unloader, not including the trays.
Figura 39.- Es una vista en planta de lo mostrado en la figura 38, con un detalle ampliado en alzado.Figure 39.- It is a plan view of what is shown in Figure 38, with an enlarged detail in elevation.
Figura 40.- Es una vista en alzado lateral de lo mostrado en la figura 38.Figure 40.- It is a side elevation view of what is shown in Figure 38.
Figura 41.- Es una vista en alzado longitudinal de la mesa de desmoldo con un detalle ampliado para ver la deformación de la chapa de fondo de la bandeja al ser atraída por los imanes . Figura 42.- Es una vista en planta de lo mostrado en la figura 41.Figure 41.- It is a longitudinal elevation view of the demolding table with an enlarged detail to see the deformation of the bottom plate of the tray when it is attracted by the magnets. Figure 42.- It is a plan view of what is shown in Figure 41.
DESCRIPCIÓN PE LA FORMA DE REALIZACIÓN PREFERIDADESCRIPTION PE THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Haciendo referencia a la numeración adoptada en las figuras 1 a 16, podemos ver cómo se fabrican tableros de aglomerado para puertas con huecos para panelar o acristalar, utilizando unas bandejas o moldes 1 en lugar de la banda continua actual, las cuales se llenan con el producto suministrado por las formadoras 2, 3 y 4 (tres en este ejemplo de realización para formar el sandwich, aunque como dijimos anteriormente podía ser de una sola capa uniforme, suministrada desde una de las formadoras) .Referring to the numbering adopted in Figures 1 to 16, we can see how chipboard panels are manufactured for doors with paneling or glazing gaps, using trays or molds 1 instead of the current continuous band, which are filled with the product supplied by the trainers 2, 3 and 4 (three in this exemplary embodiment to form the sandwich, although as we said before it could be single uniform layer, supplied from one of the trainers).
La referencia 5 designa unos elevadores para trasladar las bandejas desde un nivel inferior donde se reciben, hasta otro superior ubicado a la altura de la bancada donde se encuentra un carro que tiene movimiento de avance longitudinal y que efectúa paradas intermedias en los puntos de preprensado y prensado final (si se desarrolla en dos etapas) , o solo de prensado cuando solo existe una etapa.Reference 5 designates elevators to move the trays from a lower level where they are received, to an upper one located at the height of the bench where a carriage is located that has longitudinal advance movement and that makes intermediate stops at the pressing points and final pressing (if developed in two stages), or only pressing when there is only one stage.
En esta figura 1, la referencia 6 designa la prensa de pórticos que en sí es conocida pues se utiliza actualmente para formar tableros .In this figure 1, reference 6 designates the gantry press that is itself known as it is currently used to form boards.
Después del prensado, la bandeja o molde 1 pasa a una cinta o mesa de rodillos que la transporta al puesto de desmoldeo donde existe un puente-grúa transversal con ventosas y que extrae el tablero 8 del molde 1. La bandeja o molde 1 retrocede hasta el elevador 5 y desciende para ser reenviada al punto de inicio de ciclo.After pressing, the tray or mold 1 passes to a belt or roller table that transports it to the demoulding post where there is a transverse crane bridge with suction cups and that removes the board 8 from the mold 1. The tray or mold 1 goes back to the elevator 5 and descends to be forwarded to the starting point of the cycle.
En la figura 2 vemos un ejemplo de construcción de puertas 9 con las características de la invención, es decir, dotadas en este caso de dos ventanas 10 y 11 que definen los huecos panelables o acristalables y que ha de construirse en el mismo proceso de fabricación del tablero.In Figure 2 we see an example of construction of doors 9 with the characteristics of the invention, that is, in this case equipped with two windows 10 and 11 defining the panelable or glazed gaps and to be constructed in the same manufacturing process of the board.
En esta figura 2, la bandeja 1 tiene una anchura correspondiente con el largo de la puerta 9 y una longitud equivalente a un múltiplo del ancho de la misma para que después del desmoldeo y tras un tiempo de reposo durante al menos 24 horas para enfriar y estabilizarse el mismo (ver figura 1) se trocee para sacar un número entero de unidades . Cada ventana 10 u 11 tiene un encofrado telescópico para contener el producto (aglomerado de partículas de madera y cola) , al que hemos denominado manta y que puede ser de tipo sandwich o de una sola capa y de cualquier tamaño de partículas incluido el material conocido como DM.In this figure 2, the tray 1 has a width corresponding to the length of the door 9 and a length equivalent to a multiple of the width thereof so that after demolding and after a time of stand for at least 24 hours to cool and stabilize it (see figure 1) is cut to take out an integer number of units. Each window 10 or 11 has a telescopic formwork to contain the product (agglomerate of wood and glue particles), which we have called a blanket and that can be of sandwich or single layer type and of any particle size including known material as DM.
En la figura 3 se muestra a mayor escala una puerta del tipo referenciado con 9 y la estructura del encofrado telescópico necesario para fabricar un tablero 8 de esas características. El encofrado está referenciado en general con el número 12 y el correspondiente a las ventanas menores 10 o a las mayores 11 solamente cambia por la dimensión de las paredes longitudinales, para este tipo de puerta.In figure 3 a door of the type referenced with 9 and the structure of the telescopic formwork necessary to manufacture a panel 8 of these characteristics is shown on a larger scale. The formwork is generally referenced with the number 12 and the one corresponding to the smaller windows 10 or to the larger 11 only changes by the dimension of the longitudinal walls, for this type of door.
En la figura 4 que corresponde a la sección por la línea de corte A-B de la figura 3, vemos las porciones telescópicas del encofrado 12, reverenciadas con los números 13, 14 y 15.In figure 4 corresponding to the section along the line A-B of figure 3, we see the telescopic portions of the formwork 12, revered with the numbers 13, 14 and 15.
La porción telescópica 13 es la de mayores dimensiones por ser la exterior del conjunto, tiene sección triangular y está fija al fondo 16 de la bandeja o molde 1. La porción 14 es de sección trapecial y en este caso la intermedia, deslizando por el interior de la porción exterior 13. Por último, la porción superior 15 de menores dimensiones, ajusta por el interior de la porción intermedia 14 y tiene también sección trapecial. Este conjunto telescópico tiene las debidas tolerancias de fabricación para absorber las dilataciones y contracciones por efecto de las elevadas temperaturas de los platos calientes del prensado.The telescopic portion 13 is the largest one because it is the outside of the assembly, has a triangular section and is fixed to the bottom 16 of the tray or mold 1. The portion 14 is of trapezoidal section and in this case the intermediate section, sliding inside of the outer portion 13. Finally, the upper portion 15 of smaller dimensions, fits inside the intermediate portion 14 and also has a trapezoidal section. This telescopic assembly has the proper manufacturing tolerances to absorb the dilations and contractions due to the high temperatures of hot pressing dishes.
En posición de reposo, el encofrado telescópico 12 de las ventanas tiene la porción extendida que marca la figura 4 debido a la existencia de los muelles telescópicos 17 distribuidos uniformemente a lo largo de las ventanas (ver figura 3) y vinculados a las porciones móviles 14 y 15 del encofrado telescópico 12, provistos de tres secciones: 18, 19 y 20 conectadas de la manera que veremos seguidamente.In the rest position, the telescopic formwork 12 of the windows has the extended portion marked in figure 4 due to the existence of the telescopic springs 17 evenly distributed along the windows (see figure 3) and linked to the movable portions 14 and 15 of the telescopic formwork 12, provided with three sections: 18, 19 and 20 connected in the manner we will see next.
El tramo exterior y superior 18 está unido sólidamente a la porción superior 15 del encofrado telescópico 12; el tramo intermedio 19 lo está por intermedio de la placa inferior 21 respecto a la porción interior 14 del encofrado telescópico 12; en tanto que el tramo interior 20 de menor diámetro queda libre pues solo actúa para mantener extendidas las tres porciones cuando la inferior está apoyada como veremos más adelante, absorbiendo además la longitud del resorte helicoidal 22 dispuesto coaxialmente en el interior, en la posición final del prensado. El resorte 22 está apoyando en las tapas extremas 23 y 24 que cierran los extremos del muelle telescópico 17. La tapa inferior 23 y la superior 24 tienen su cara externa protegida con una capa de material aislante para resistir las altas temperaturas de los platos calientes inferior y superior de la prensa con los que hacen contacto durante toda la fase de prensado (en las figuras 5 y 8 podemos ver cómo el plato inferior, referenciado con el número 25, hace apoyo contra los muelles telescópicos 17) . Como se observa en esta figura 4, los tramos telescópicos o cuerpos cilindricos de los muelles telescópicos 17, tienen pestañas anulares o medios que limitan su extensión máxima, evitando que se separen. Esto hace que tampoco se salgan las porciones del encofrado telescópico 12 vinculadas a ellos y que no precisan de otros medios de tope.The outer and upper section 18 is solidly connected to the upper portion 15 of the telescopic formwork 12; the intermediate section 19 is in the middle of the lower plate 21 with respect to the inner portion 14 of the telescopic formwork 12; while the inner section 20 of smaller diameter is free because it only acts to keep the three portions extended when the bottom is supported as we will see later, also absorbing the length of the helical spring 22 arranged coaxially inside, in the final position of the pressing. The spring 22 is resting on the end covers 23 and 24 that close the ends of the telescopic spring 17. The bottom cover 23 and the top 24 have their outer face protected with a layer of insulating material to withstand the high temperatures of the lower hot plates and top of the press with those who make contact during the entire pressing phase (in figures 5 and 8 we can see how the bottom plate, referenced with the number 25, supports the telescopic springs 17). As can be seen in this figure 4, the telescopic sections or cylindrical bodies of the telescopic springs 17, have annular tabs or means that limit their maximum extension, preventing them from separating. This also means that the portions of the telescopic formwork 12 connected to them and that do not require other means of abutment are not removed.
La referencia 26 designa los tensores tendidos entre cada pareja de muelles 17 enfrentados, siendo regulables para ajustar las tensiones del molde o bandeja. Los tensores o varillas transversales de refuerzo que están tendidas entre las porciones intermedias 14 de los laterales del encofrado telescópico de las ventanas 10 u 11, para evitar el pandeo por efecto de la presión del prensado, pueden verse en la figura 3 y a mayor escala en las figuras 4 y 7, referenciados con el número 27. Como se observa, no llegan a las paredes sino que lo hacen a unas pequeñas placas 28 (distintas de las referenciadas con 21 en la figura 4) soldadas a la parte baja de dicha porción intermedia 14 para permitir el retraimiento telescópico de la porción superior 15, como se ve exactamente en la figura 7 que es una sección por la línea de corte E-F de la figura 3. Las varillas 27 tienen roscados sus extremos para efectuar el ajuste mediante' las tuercas interiores 29 y el apriete de las contra-tuercas exteriores .Reference 26 designates the tensioners between each pair of springs 17 facing each other, being adjustable to adjust the tensions of the mold or tray. The tensioners or transverse reinforcement rods that are lying between the intermediate portions 14 of the sides of the telescopic formwork of the windows 10 or 11, to avoid buckling due to the pressure of the pressing, can be seen in Figure 3 and on a larger scale in Figures 4 and 7, referenced with the number 27. As can be seen, they do not reach the walls but do so to small plates 28 (different from those referenced with 21 in Figure 4) welded to the lower part of said portion intermediate 14 to allow telescopic retraction of the upper portion 15, as seen exactly in Figure 7 which is a section along the line of cut EF of Figure 3. The rods 27 have their ends threaded to make the adjustment by means of inner nuts 29 and the tightening of the outer counter nuts.
La referencia 30 designa las láminas deflectoras a través de las cuales se consigue que el producto vertido o manta que cae a esta zona de ventanas que ha de quedar vacía, se desvíe hacia el interior de las ventanas y también se aparte del encofrado telescópico 12 en la zona útil del molde. En esta figura 4 se muestra el producto aglomerado y la forma que toma su contorno en el momento de llenado, antes del prensado, por la existencia de dicha lámina 30 oblicua que tiene una amplia parte volada hacia el exterior como hemos dicho anteriormente. Hacia el interior posee los entrantes 31Reference 30 designates the baffle sheets through which the spilled product or blanket that falls into this area of windows to be left is achieved. empty, deviate into the windows and also separate from the telescopic formwork 12 in the useful area of the mold. In this figure 4 the agglomerated product is shown and the shape that takes its contour at the time of filling, before pressing, by the existence of said oblique sheet 30 that has a large part blown outwards as we have said before. Inland it has the starters 31
(ver figura 10) que salvan los muelles telescópicos 17 y queda sujeta a la cara superior, la oblicua, de las porciones superiores 15 de cada una de las paredes telescópicas del encofrado 12. Se sujeta mediante arandelas y tornillos 32.(see figure 10) that save the telescopic springs 17 and is attached to the upper side, the oblique, of the upper portions 15 of each of the telescopic walls of the formwork 12. It is secured by washers and screws 32.
En la figura 5 y también en la figura 2, se ve el encofrado de las paredes laterales del molde, muy similar por no decir idéntico salvo en pequeños detalles, del de las ventanas 10 y 11, habiéndose referenciado sus tramos telescópicos con la misma numeración y estando asistidos por muelles telescópicos 17 idénticos, contando también con tensores 33 dirigidos en este caso hacia el exterior del molde porque no han de atravesar éste y de los que trataremos más adelante.In figure 5 and also in figure 2, the formwork of the side walls of the mold is seen, very similar if not identical except in small details, that of the windows 10 and 11, having referenced their telescopic sections with the same numbering and being assisted by identical telescopic springs 17, also having tensioners 33 directed in this case towards the outside of the mold because they are not to pass through it and which we will deal with later.
La referencia 34 señala esquemáticamente la bancada por la que circulan las bandejas 1 provistas de medios de sujeción y guiado para avanzar por el puesto de prensado .Reference 34 schematically indicates the bench through which trays 1 circulate provided with fastening and guiding means to advance through the pressing position.
En lugar de ser estas bandejas de una sola pieza (demasiado largas) y estar solidarias a las correderas 35 mediante las placas 36 y tornillos 37, están compuestas por varias unidades independientes (ver figura 6) que se tensan separadamente con mejor resultado .Instead of being these trays in one piece (too long) and being in solidarity with the slides 35 by means of the plates 36 and screws 37, they are composed of several independent units (see Figure 6) that are tensioned separately with better results.
El sistema tensor está definido por los espárragos 38 y tuercas 39. Las correderas 35 deslizan en colas de milano transversales 40 y los espárragos 38 anclados a ellas son pasantes por los orificios previstos en la regleta longitudinal 41 (entera o compuesta por tramos) , soldada al lateral respectivo de cada bandeja que rueda por la bancada 34 a modo de carro mediante guías longitudinales y rodillos de apoyo, como lo muestra esquemáticamente la figura 5.The tensioning system is defined by the studs 38 and nuts 39. The slides 35 slide in transverse dovetails 40 and the studs 38 anchored thereto are through the holes provided in the longitudinal strip 41 (whole or composed of sections), welded to the respective side of each tray that rolls along the bed 34 as a carriage by means of longitudinal guides and support rollers, as schematically shown in Figure 5.
Para cambiar de modelo de puerta, se desmonta la bandeja (enteriza o compuesta) retirando los tornillos 37. Cada bandeja incluye sus correspondientes encofrados laterales y de ventanas que se precisen dependiendo del modelo elegido de puerta.To change the door model, the tray (integral or composite) is removed by removing the screws 37. Each tray includes its corresponding side and window forms that are required depending on the chosen door model.
En la figura 8 se muestra una fase intermedia del proceso de compresión o prensado entre los platos inferior 25 móvil y superior fijo 42. Al subir el plato inferior 25, las láminas oblicuas 30 inciden contra el plato superior 42 fijo y se doblan fácilmente sin dificultad debido a su elasticidad, recogiendo el producto 43 que se va comprimiendo hasta que al terminar el prensado (ver figura 9) adquiere el espesor final. Al subir el plato 25 el extremo inferior del muelle 17, portador del aislante, descansa en el plato y todo el encofrado apoya en el plato superior caliente, hasta que está totalmente prensado según la figura 9. En las figuras 11 y 12 se ha representado esguemáticamente una prensa de pórticos 44 ó 44a respectivamente, para prensar un solo tablero 8 o varios de ellos simultáneamente al haber platos calientes intermedios 45. La referencia 46 designa el sistema de elevación formado por dos cilindros hidráulicos en este ejemplo.An intermediate phase of the compression or pressing process between the lower mobile and fixed upper plates 42 is shown in FIG. 8. As the lower plate 25 rises, the oblique sheets 30 strike against the fixed upper plate 42 and fold easily without difficulty. due to its elasticity, collecting the product 43 that is compressed until after finishing the pressing (see figure 9) acquires the final thickness. When the plate 25 rises, the lower end of the spring 17, carrying the insulator, rests on the plate and the entire formwork rests on the hot upper plate, until it is fully pressed according to figure 9. In figures 11 and 12 it has been shown schematically a gantry press 44 or 44a respectively, to press a single board 8 or several of them simultaneously when there are intermediate hot plates 45. Reference 46 designates the lifting system formed by two hydraulic cylinders in this example.
Volviendo a la figura 2, en el encofrado de la ventana 10 (la menor de las dos) también se han dispuesto otros dos muelles 17 enfrentados en sus paredes transversales y entre ellos otra varilla 26a próxima a la 26.Returning to Figure 2, in the formwork of the window 10 (the smaller of the two), two other springs 17 have also been arranged facing each other in their transverse walls and among them another rod 26a close to the 26.
Haciendo especial referencia a la figura 13 que corresponde a una sección por la línea de corte G-H de la figura 3 , las paredes transversales de las ventanas 11 (las mayores) también cuentan con otro u otros y en este caso (solo uno) , muelle 17 y una varilla tensora 26b tendida entre dicho muelle 17 y un puente 46 vinculado al tensor 26 transversal.With special reference to Figure 13 corresponding to a section along the line of cut GH of Figure 3, the transverse walls of the windows 11 (the largest) also have another or others and in this case (only one), a spring 17 and a tension rod 26b lying between said spring 17 and a bridge 46 connected to the transverse tensioner 26.
En la figura 14 se muestra una de las porciones troceadas 8a del tablero 8 (ver figura 1) . En ella se distinguen las pestañas triangulares 47 que continúan por la periferia interna de las ventanas 10 y 11 como consecuencia del plano inclinado o hipotenusa de la sección triangular de la porción inferior fija 13 del encofrado telescópico 12 de las ventanas, tras el desmoldeo del tablero 8.Figure 14 shows one of the sliced portions 8a of the board 8 (see figure 1). In it, the triangular tabs 47 are distinguished, which continue along the inner periphery of the windows 10 and 11 as a result of the inclined or hypotenuse plane of the triangular section of the fixed lower portion 13 of the telescopic formwork 12 of the windows, after the demolding of the panel 8.
También se forma esta pestaña triangular similar 48 en los lados menores (correspondientes a los longitudinales del molde o bandeja) al desmoldear el tablero por el encofrado similar de estas paredes laterales del molde, aunque esta pestaña últimamente citada es eliminada por el fabricante del tablero al efectuar los cortes para el troceado del mismo. Las pestañas internas o de la periferia de las ventanas, se eliminan en esta misma operación de corte y perfilado.This similar triangular flange 48 is also formed on the smaller sides (corresponding to the lengths of the mold or tray) by unmolding the board by the similar formwork of these walls side of the mold, although this tab recently cited is removed by the manufacturer of the board when making cuts for cutting it. The internal tabs or the periphery of the windows are eliminated in this same cutting and profiling operation.
La referencia 49 de la figura 5, designa un elemento de tope para que los platos calientes 25 y 42 queden a la distancia correspondiente al espesor del tablero 8 a formar. Haciendo especial referencia a la figura 15, podemos ver otra forma de sujetar y dar tensión a las bandejas 1, así como el guiado de las mismas a su paso por la prensa de platos calientes 25-42, avanzando mediante un mecanismo de piñón y cremallera. La bandeja 1 con fondo 16 va asegurada al menos por sus bordes delantero y trasero (podría haber otro u otros medios de sujeción intermedios) a sendas barras transversales 50 cuyos extremos emergentes de aquélla quedan fijados a los soportes longitudinales 51 de uno y otro lateral mediante tornillos 52.Reference 49 of Figure 5 designates a stop element so that the hot plates 25 and 42 are at the distance corresponding to the thickness of the board 8 to be formed. With special reference to Figure 15, we can see another way to hold and tension the trays 1, as well as guiding them as they pass through the hot plate press 25-42, advancing by means of a rack and pinion mechanism . The bottom tray 1 16 is secured at least by its front and rear edges (there could be other or other intermediate fastening means) to two transverse bars 50 whose emergent ends thereof are fixed to the longitudinal supports 51 on either side by screws 52.
Cada soporte 51 cuenta con medios de apoyo rodante y guiado lateral a su paso por la prensa de platos calientes (25 el inferior y 42 el superior) al contar con ruedas verticales 53 y horizontales 54, las primeras de las cuales apoyan sobre el ala horizontal 55 de la escuadra 56 sujeta al costado del plato caliente inferior 25, a todo lo largo del mismo y a ambos laterales. Las ruedas 54 apoyan y ruedan durante el avance en el ala vertical del mismo soporte 56. La referencia 57 designa un aislante que se interpone entre el plato caliente 25 y dichos soportes 51 para no transmitir a éstos el calor del plato 25.Each support 51 has rolling support means and lateral guidance as it passes through the hot plate press (25 the lower one and 42 the upper one) by having vertical wheels 53 and horizontal wheels 54, the first of which rest on the horizontal wing 55 of the square 56, attached to the side of the lower hot plate 25, all along it and both sides. Wheels 54 support and roll during the advance in the vertical wing of the same support 56. Reference 57 designates an insulator that interposes between the hot plate 25 and said supports 51 so as not to transmit to them the heat of the plate 25.
A cada soporte 51 está solidarizada una cremallera longitudinal 58, la cual entrará en contacto con el piñón o piñones motrices 59 que se encuentran ubicados en puntos fijos de la prensa de platos calientes 25-42. Se observa en la figura 15 a la que estamos haciendo referencia, que el piñón 59 está mostrado parcialmente porque ha de tener una longitud que se corresponda con la altura de la prensa (ver figuras 11 y 12) dependiendo del número de tableros 8 que puedan formarse simultáneamente en los platos calientes intermedios 45.A longitudinal rack 58 is connected to each support 51, which will come into contact with the drive pinion or pinions 59 which are located at fixed points of the hot plate press 25-42. It is observed in figure 15 to which we are referring, that the pinion 59 is partially shown because it has to have a length that corresponds to the height of the press (see figures 11 and 12) depending on the number of boards 8 that can form simultaneously in intermediate hot plates 45.
Siguiendo con esta figura 15 y teniendo también presente la figura 5, vemos que en ambos casos existen los tensores 33 de los que hablamos anteriormente como que servían de sostén para el encofrado telescópico 12 de las paredes laterales del molde, para resistir los esfuerzos laterales durante la fase de prensado. Los tensores 33 que como también dijimos anteriormente no podían atravesar la prensa sino que estaban dirigidos hacia el exterior de las bandejas 1, están materializados por sendas horquillas portadoras de una rueda 60 de eje horizontal y apoyo rodante en pilares 69 soldados al soporte 51 del lateral respectivo (ver figura 15) , en posición coincidente permitiéndose así el correcto funcionamiento telescópico de todos los muelles telescópicos 17.Continuing with this figure 15 and also taking into account Figure 5, we see that in both cases there are the tensioners 33 of which we spoke earlier as serving as a support for the telescopic formwork 12 of the side walls of the mold, to resist lateral forces during the pressing phase. The tensioners 33 which, as we also said before, could not pass through the press but were directed towards the outside of the trays 1, are materialized by two forklifts carrying a wheel 60 of horizontal axis and rolling support in pillars 69 welded to the support 51 of the side respective (see figure 15), in a coincident position thus allowing the correct telescopic operation of all telescopic springs 17.
Por último, en la figura 16 se muestra una realización similar a la contemplada en la figura 15, donde la bandeja 1 queda fijada a los soportes longitudinales 51 del carro propiamente dicho, teniendo éstos inferiormente una pluralidad de rodillos 62 de apoyo en el ala horizontal 55 de la escuadra sujeta al costado respectivo del plato caliente inferior 25. Para que la bandeja 1 resista los esfuerzos laterales durante el prensado, se prevén los rodillos 63 de ejes verticales, susceptibles de apoyar en las paredes 64 del respectivo lateral dispuesto a todo lo largo de la estación de prensado. Los cantos verticales del extremo anterior de dichas paredes 64, incluyen un chaflán que elimina su arista interna para facilitar la entrada del carro porta-bandejas y que los rodillos 63 de éste último entren perfectamente guiados al alcanzar la estación de prensado donde están ubicadas dichas paredes laterales 64, observándose claramente este chaflán en la figura 16.Finally, in figure 16 an embodiment similar to that contemplated in figure 15 is shown, where the tray 1 is fixed to the supports lengths 51 of the carriage itself, these having inferiorly a plurality of support rollers 62 in the horizontal wing 55 of the square attached to the respective side of the lower hot plate 25. In order for the tray 1 to resist lateral forces during pressing, the rollers 63 of vertical axes, capable of supporting on the walls 64 of the respective side arranged along the entire pressing station. The vertical edges of the front end of said walls 64 include a chamfer that eliminates its internal edge to facilitate the entry of the tray-carriage and that the rollers 63 of the latter enter perfectly guided when reaching the pressing station where said walls are located lateral 64, clearly observing this chamfer in figure 16.
La referencia 65 designa una cortinilla o lámina elástica con función de guardapolvos para protección de los rodillos 62 y que no les entren partículas del aglomerado, desviando a su vez el vapor que pudiera entrar a esta zona delicada debido a la temperatura elevada, partículas estas que serían arrastradas por el vapor .Reference 65 designates a curtain or elastic sheet with a function of dust covers for protection of the rollers 62 and that no particles of agglomerate enter them, in turn diverting the vapor that could enter this delicate area due to the elevated temperature, particles that They would be dragged by steam.
A la derecha de esta figura 16 se ve con líneas de trazos la posición que ocupan los tacos 49 que calibran el espesor del tablero a formar, pudiéndose observar que están montados en el plato caliente 25 por intermedio de un material aislante. Este aislante también existe en los extremos de los resortes telescópicos 17 como vimos en figuras anteriores. Haciendo ahora referencia a la numeración adoptada en las figuras 17 a 24 podemos ver unas mejoras en la estructura de la bandeja, así como en el sistema de accionamiento a su paso por la prensa. En la figura 17 se muestra la instalación en la que las bandejas 66 son dispuestas en un elevador 67 y avanzan sobre una banda sinfín que pasa por el puesto de carga de producto suministrado por las formadoras 68, pudiendo recibir el producto (manta) de una sola de ellas o de las tres si su composición es de tipo sandwich. La estación de espera para entrar en las formadoras 68 está referenciada con el número 69, existiendo también otra estación de espera 69 para entrar en la preprensa 70. En la estación de preprensado se reduce aproximadamente a la mitad el espesor de la manta y se desaloja el aire que se forma en su seno.To the right of this figure 16 is shown with dashed lines the position occupied by the blocks 49 that calibrate the thickness of the board to be formed, it being seen that they are mounted on the hot plate 25 by means of an insulating material. This insulator also exists at the ends of the telescopic springs 17 as we saw in previous figures. Referring now to the numbering adopted in Figures 17 to 24 we can see some improvements in the structure of the tray, as well as in the drive system as it passes through the press. Figure 17 shows the installation in which the trays 66 are arranged in an elevator 67 and advance on an endless band that passes through the product loading station supplied by the trainers 68, the product (blanket) being able to receive a only of them or of the three if its composition is of sandwich type. The waiting station to enter the trainers 68 is referenced with the number 69, there is also another waiting station 69 to enter the prepress 70. In the prepress station the thickness of the blanket is reduced by approximately half and it is dislodged the air that forms in its bosom.
Otro elevador 67 va situando las bandejas a la altura de los platos calientes de la prensa de pórticos, de estructura conocida y en la que pueden obtenerse simultáneamente varios tableros (en este caso mostrado cuatro como se observa en la figura 20) .Another elevator 67 is placing the trays at the height of the hot plates of the gantry press, of known structure and in which several boards can be obtained simultaneously (in this case four shown as shown in Figure 20).
A la salida de la prensa, otro elevador 67 las conduce a la altura donde está ubicada otra cinta de transporte hacia el puesto de desmoldeo 71 donde existe un puente grúa transversal con pulpo de vacío y sistema de ventosas debidamente ubicadas para extraer el tablero del molde o bandeja. La bandeja 66 vuelve al elevador 67 y desciende para ser devuelta al punto de partida y el tablero se apila para enfriar y estabilizarse durante un tiempo mínimo de veinticuatro horas. En las figuras 18 y 19 se ve la estructura de las bandejas 66 formadas por la plancha 72 de fondo, provista de las ventanas 73 y 74 en correspondencia con los huecos de puerta para panelar o acristalar, según los distintos modelos, tal como los representados en las figuras 18 y 18a. Por estas ventanas 73 y 74 pasarán libremente las partículas de madera y cola que serán devueltas a las tolvas de las correspondientes formadoras 68. En la figura 19 solo se ha mostrado la plancha 72 de fondo de las bandejas 66 y puede observarse que su borde delantero lleva soldada la barra transversal 75 a todo el ancho de la bandeja 66, con sección en "L" invertida. En ella queda enganchada o trabada la barra en "C" 76 que a su vez es solidaria de la barra 77 de sección rectangular y de mayor longitud que las anteriores 75 y 76, sobre cuyos extremos libres atacarán los tacos empuj adores del sistema de arrastre de las bandejas 66 como veremos seguidamente. En la figura 20 se observa este sistema de arrastre en la zona de prensado, definido por dos cadenas laterales sinfín tendidas entre piñones 78, avanzando simultáneamente ambas cadenas laterales. La referencia 79 designa los ejes a los que son solidarios los piñones 78 parejos y estando sujetos a su vez al canto del respectivo plato caliente inferior 80 de la prensa de pórticos 81, para fabricación simultánea de cuatro tableros en este ejemplo de realización.At the exit of the press, another elevator 67 leads them to the height where another transport belt is located towards the demoulding post 71 where there is a transverse crane bridge with vacuum octopus and suction cup system properly located to extract the mold board or tray. Tray 66 returns to elevator 67 and descends to be returned to the starting point and the board is stacked to cool and stabilize for a minimum of twenty four hours. Figures 18 and 19 show the structure of the trays 66 formed by the bottom plate 72, provided with the windows 73 and 74 in correspondence with the door openings for paneling or glazing, according to the different models, such as those shown. in figures 18 and 18a. Through these windows 73 and 74 the wood and glue particles will pass freely and will be returned to the hoppers of the corresponding formers 68. In figure 19 only the bottom plate 72 of the trays 66 has been shown and it can be seen that its leading edge The cross bar 75 is welded to the entire width of the tray 66, with an inverted "L" section. In it, the "C" bar 76 is attached or locked, which in turn is integral with the bar 77 of rectangular section and of greater length than the previous 75 and 76, on whose free ends they will attack the thrust plugs of the drag system. of trays 66 as we will see next. Figure 20 shows this drive system in the pressing area, defined by two endless side chains between pinions 78, simultaneously advancing both side chains. Reference 79 designates the axes to which the even pinions 78 are integral and being in turn subject to the edge of the respective lower hot plate 80 of the gantry press 81, for simultaneous manufacturing of four boards in this embodiment.
A estas cadenas son solidarios los tacos empuj adores 82 (ver mejor la figura 19) . En esta figura 19 se observa que la arista inferior trasera de las barras 77 en sus extremos en voladizo, está redondeada para suavizar el ataque y salida de los tacos empuj adores 82 solidarios a la cadena. Existen por tanto cuatro pares de cadenas de arrastre vinculadas al respectivo plato inferior 80. El plato caliente superior de la prensa múltiple es el fijo y está referenciado con el número 83 •To these chains, the push studs 82 are integral (see Figure 19 better). In this figure 19 it can be seen that the lower rear edge of the bars 77 at its cantilever ends is rounded to soften the attack and exit of the pusher plugs 82 integral to the chain. There are therefore four pairs of drag chains linked to the respective lower plate 80. The upper hot plate of the multiple press is the fixed one and is referenced with the number 83 •
El motivo por el cual se han previsto las barras 76 y 77 solidarias entre si y premontadas en las barras 75 de cada una de las bandejas 66, es porque cuando se cambian las bandejas 66 para obtener otro formato de puertas, se desmonta fácilmente este conjunto de barras 76, 77 y se conecta a la nueva bandeja 66 seleccionada. Haciendo ahora especial referencia a las figuras 21 y 22 podemos ver en ellas referenciado con 84, el perfil macizo de sección triangular que bordea las ventanas 73 y 74 del fondo 72 de las bandejas 66, y también al menos los bordes longitudinales de las mismas como dijimos anteriormente. El encofrado retraible que permite contener el espesor inicial de la manta 85 (antes del prensado y para recibir el producto de las formadoras 68) y el final tras el prensado, está formado por este perfil 84 y la lámina elástica 86 que puede pasar fácilmente desde la posición de trazos a la de línea llena de la figura 21.The reason why bars 76 and 77 are provided in solidarity with each other and pre-assembled on bars 75 of each of trays 66, is because when trays 66 are changed to obtain another format of doors, this assembly is easily disassembled of bars 76, 77 and connects to the new tray 66 selected. With special reference now to figures 21 and 22 we can see in them referenced with 84, the solid profile of triangular section that borders the windows 73 and 74 of the bottom 72 of the trays 66, and also at least the longitudinal edges thereof as we said before. The retractable formwork that allows to contain the initial thickness of the blanket 85 (before pressing and to receive the product of the forming machines 68) and the end after pressing, is formed by this profile 84 and the elastic sheet 86 that can easily pass from the position of strokes to the full line of figure 21.
La lámina 86 se sujeta con las piezas 87. Como se ven en estas figuras 21 y 22, el perfil macizo 84 no va soldado directamente a la plancha de fondo 72, sino que lo hace por intermedio de pasadores 88 que entran por la cara externa del encofrado y atraviesan las regletas 89 que están soldadas directamente a la plancha de fondo 72. Esto es para absorber dilataciones de la plancha 72 y permitir cierta movilidad y ajuste, habiéndose previsto que para este fin estén rasgados horizontalmente los orificios de las regletas 89.The sheet 86 is fastened with the pieces 87. As seen in these figures 21 and 22, the solid profile 84 is not directly welded to the bottom plate 72, but is made through pins 88 that enter through the external face of the formwork and pass through the strips 89 that are welded directly to the bottom plate 72. This is to absorb dilations of the plate 72 and allow some mobility and adjustment, it being provided that they are horizontally torn for this purpose. the holes in the strips 89.
El espesor final de la manta, después del prensado, se consigue mediante los listones calibradores 90 (ver figura 20) fijados al plato caliente inferior 80, los cuales son de mayor altura naturalmente que los perfiles 84 del encofrado. Como se ve en la figura 21, el mismo encofrado 84-86 permite formar tableros de distintos espesores, sin más que variar la altura de los listones calibradores 90.The final thickness of the blanket, after pressing, is achieved by means of the calibrating slats 90 (see figure 20) fixed to the lower hot plate 80, which are naturally higher than the profiles 84 of the formwork. As seen in Figure 21, the same formwork 84-86 allows boards of different thicknesses to be formed, without varying the height of the calibrating slats 90.
Dependiendo de este grosor de la puerta se determina previamente la anchura que ha de tener la lámina elástica 86 para que su borde libre marque la distancia o alejamiento de la manta 85 respecto del encofrado, ya que en el prensado se expansionará y ocupará esta zona en general triangular inicialmente vacia, porque el producto no llega al encofrado, hasta que se forme la pestaña, perimetral de sección triangular como consecuencia de la cara oblicua del perfil 84, al finalizar el prensado. Esta pestaña es un material residual y será eliminada en la misma operación de troceado del tablero para obtener el número de puertas previsto, como dijimos anteriormente.Depending on this thickness of the door, the width that the elastic sheet 86 has to have is previously determined so that its free edge marks the distance or distance of the blanket 85 from the formwork, since in the pressing it will expand and occupy this area in Triangular general initially empty, because the product does not reach the formwork, until the tab is formed, perimeter of triangular section as a result of the oblique face of the profile 84, at the end of the pressing. This tab is a residual material and will be removed in the same board cutting operation to obtain the expected number of doors, as we said before.
En las formadoras 68, la manta 85 de producto vertido sobre las bandejas 66 mediante las bandas sinfín 91 (figura 22) se ajusta al ancho deseado (próximo a los bordes libres de las láminas elásticas 86 de las paredes laterales del molde o bandeja 66) , como se observa en la figura 22 y se efectúa orientando adecuadamente las placas laterales 92.In the formers 68, the blanket 85 of product poured onto the trays 66 by the endless bands 91 (Figure 22) is adjusted to the desired width (close to the free edges of the elastic sheets 86 of the side walls of the mold or tray 66), as seen in Figure 22 and is performed by properly orientating the side plates 92.
En las figuras 23 y 24 se muestra una solución intermedia para construir el encofrado retraible de las ventanas y paredes laterales de la bandeja, entre lo contemplado en la forma de realización de las figuras 1 a 16 (formado por al menos tres porciones telescópicas y la lámina elástica fijada en la superior de ellas, asistido este conjunto por muelles telescópicos de igual número de secciones) , y el últimamente descrito en relación con las figuras 17 a 24 (formado sólo con el perfil triangular 84 y la lámina elástica 86) .In figures 23 and 24 an intermediate solution is shown to construct the retractable formwork of the windows and side walls of the tray, between the contemplated in the embodiment of figures 1 to 16 (formed by at least three telescopic portions and the elastic sheet fixed on top of them, assisted by telescopic springs of the same number of sections), and the latter described in relation to figures 17 to 24 (formed only with triangular profile 84 and elastic sheet 86).
Como se observa, está compuesto por dos porciones de sección triangular 93 y 94 y asistido por una serie de muelles 95 formados también por dos tramos telescópicos 96 y 97. El tramo 96 está fijado a la porción triangular 94 mediante las piezas de asiento 98. El muelle 95 incluye en su interior el resorte helicoidal 99 tendido entre las tapas extremas 100 y 101 del mismo.As can be seen, it is composed of two portions of triangular section 93 and 94 and assisted by a series of springs 95 also formed by two telescopic sections 96 and 97. The section 96 is fixed to the triangular portion 94 by the seating parts 98. The spring 95 includes inside the coil spring 99 lying between the end caps 100 and 101 thereof.
Se mantiene la posición extendida del encofrado telescópico (como corresponde a la figura 23) al apoyar los muelles telescópicos 95, primero sobre la banda de transporte de las bandejas 66 a su paso por las formadoras 68, y después sobre el propio plato caliente inferior 80 en la estación de prensado. Por último, haciendo referencia a las figuras 25 a 42 podemos ver como se muestra en las figuras 25 a 27,' la estructura de una de las bandejas con los perfeccionamientos previstos para optimizar el enganche y arrastre de las bandejas referenciadas en este caso con el número 102, así como facilitar el desmoldeo de los tableros .The extended position of the telescopic formwork (as corresponds to Figure 23) is maintained by supporting the telescopic springs 95, first on the conveyor belt of the trays 66 as it passes through the formers 68, and then on the lower hot plate itself 80 in the pressing station. Finally, referring to figures 25 a 42 we can see as shown in figures 25 to 27, ' the structure of one of the trays with the improvements planned to optimize the coupling and drag of the trays referenced in this case with the number 102, as well as facilitate the demoulding of the boards
El fondo 103 de las bandejas 102 dispone de pares de ventanas 104 y 105 en correspondencia con los huecos que han de tener las puertas que se han de sacar del tablero formado en esta bandeja 102 ó molde (en este ejemplo dos huecos de distinta longitud por puerta, y un número elevado de ellas en disposición transversal que se obtendrán al trocear después el tablero) . Después de formado el tablero y troceado por las líneas de trazo y punto de la figura 25, se mecanizan los bordes para formar puertas como la referenciada con 106 y que posee los huecos 107 y 108 para panelar o acristalar.The bottom 103 of the trays 102 has pairs of windows 104 and 105 in correspondence with the gaps that the doors to be removed from the board formed in this tray 102 or mold must have (in this example two holes of different length by door, and a large number of them in transverse arrangement that will be obtained by cutting the board afterwards). After the board is formed and cut by the dashed and dotted lines of Figure 25, the edges are machined to form doors as referenced with 106 and having gaps 107 and 108 for paneling or glazing.
La referencia 109 designa el encofrado retraible del contorno de las ventanas 104 y 105 y 'de las paredes perimetrales de la bandeja 102 para permitir que el molde se llene con las partículas de aglomerado y cola procedentes de las formadoras y que cae a modo de manta sobre toda la superficie de la bandeja 102 que avanza bajo ellas, quedando sólo depositado el que gravita sobre la superficie útil de la bandeja, cayendo el resto por las ventanas 104 y 105 para ser devuelto a las formadoras .Reference 109 designates the retractable formwork of the contour of the windows 104 and 105 and ' of the perimeter walls of the tray 102 to allow the mold to be filled with the particles of agglomerate and glue coming from the forming machines and falling as a blanket over the entire surface of the tray 102 that advances under them, leaving only the one that gravitates on the useful surface of the tray, the rest falling through the windows 104 and 105 to be returned to the trainers.
En las figuras 26 y 27 puede verse en detalle la estructura perfeccionada de la bandeja 102. Los encofrados retraibles 109 están definidos por el perfil en "V" 110 invertida que se fija a la chapa de fondo 103 mediante las chavetas 111 pasantes por las ventanas 112 y bajo los puentes 113 soldados a la chapa de fondo 103, según la vista seccionada. La referencia 114 designa la pletina soldada para servir como medio de guía de introducción de la chaveta 111 en su avance hasta alcanzar la ventana 112 opuesta.In Figures 26 and 27 the improved structure of the tray 102 can be seen in detail. The retractable formwork 109 is defined by the profile in inverted "V" 110 which is fixed to the bottom plate 103 by the through keys 111 through the windows 112 and under the bridges 113 welded to the bottom plate 103, according to the sectioned view. Reference 114 designates the welded plate to serve as a means of introducing the key 111 in its advance until reaching the opposite window 112.
Las ventanas 112 están sobredimensionadas para permitir dilataciones y contracciones por cambio de temperatura, ya que las bandejas 102 pasarán por la prensa de pórticos con platos calientes a los diferentes niveles de la prensa para formar a la vez varios tableros.The windows 112 are oversized to allow dilations and contractions due to temperature changes, since the trays 102 will pass through the porch press with hot plates at the different levels of the press to form several boards at the same time.
En la figura 27 se ve la forma geométrica de la chaveta 111, definida por un angular con el ala horizontal con funciones de chaveta propiamente dicha y que está rematada en bisel con la inclinación de la pared opuesta del perfil en "V" 110, atravesando ventajosamente la lámina deflectora 115 que complementa el encofrado retraible 109. El otro ala desciende oblicuamente adosada a la pared de entrada del perfil en "V" 110 y evita que se salga la chaveta porque sobre todas ellas gravita la manta de partículas de aglomerado y cola. La referencia 116 designa la regleta exterior que sujeta la zona de arranque de la lámina deflectora 115 aprisionándola contra el perfil en "V" 110 al apretar los tornillos 117 y tuercas alojados sin problemas en el interior de dicho perfil 110 ya que este bastidor retraible es independiente y se fija a la chapa de fondo 103 de la bandeja exclusivamente con las chavetas 111. Las chavetas 111 atraviesan también esta regleta 116 al presentar cajeados en correspondencia.Figure 27 shows the geometric shape of the key 111, defined by an angle with the horizontal wing with functions of the key itself and which is bevelled with the inclination of the opposite wall of the "V" 110 profile, crossing advantageously the deflector sheet 115 that complements the retractable formwork 109. The other wing descends obliquely attached to the entrance wall of the "V" profile 110 and prevents the key from coming out because the blanket of particleboard and glue particles gravitates on all of them. . Reference 116 designates the outer strip that holds the starting area of the baffle sheet 115 by pressing it against the "V" profile 110 by tightening the screws 117 and nuts housed without problems inside said profile 110 since this retractable frame is independent and fixed to the bottom plate 103 of the tray exclusively with the keys 111. The keys 111 also pass through this strip 116 when they have been recessed in correspondence.
En la figura 25 vemos referenciados con el número 118 los ganchos del borde extremo delantero (según la dirección de avance de las bandejas 102) que parten de los soportes 119 solidarios . En el extremo opuesto hay otros soportes similares 120 con un taco 121 en rampa que emerge superiormente para definir medios de conexión de unas bandejas 102 con otras, al ser trabados en ellos los ganchos 118 de la bandeja 102 posterior (ver el detalla ampliado de la figura 30) .In figure 25 we see referenced with the number 118 the hooks of the leading end edge (according to the direction of advance of the trays 102) that start from the supportive supports 119. At the opposite end there are other similar supports 120 with a ramp block 121 that emerges superiorly to define means for connecting some trays 102 with others, as the hooks 118 of the rear tray 102 are locked therein (see the detailed detail of the figure 30).
También se conectan en los ganchos delanteros 118 los dientes 122 (figura 30) de las cadenas de arrastre del descargador de prensa, como veremos más adelante. Haciendo ahora especial referencia a las figuras 28 y 29, en ellas se ve en alzado y planta respectivamente, parte de la instalación, concretamente desde el punto donde se encuentra la banda de transporte 123The teeth 122 (figure 30) of the drag chains of the press downloader are also connected to the front hooks 118, as we will see later. Making special reference now to figures 28 and 29, they are seen in elevation and plan respectively, part of the installation, specifically from the point where the transport belt 123 is located
(parcialmente mostrada) que recibe las bandejas 102 linealmente procedentes de las formadoras y las entrega a la pre-prensa 124.(partially shown) that receives the trays 102 linearly from the trainers and delivers them to the prepress 124.
A la salida de la pre-prensa se reciben en el cargador de prensa 125 que en este caso puede recibir cinco niveles de bandejas 102 y cuando está lleno las introduce en la prensa de pórticos 126. A la salida de la prensa 126 de platos calientes se encuentra el descargador de prensa 127 muy similar al cargador 125 como veremos seguidamente .At the exit of the pre-press they are received in the press loader 125 which in this case can receive five levels of trays 102 and when it is full it introduces them into the gantry press 126. At the exit of the hot plate press 126 press downloader 127 is very similar to charger 125 as we will see below.
Mediante otra cinta de transporte o transportador 128 (mostrada también parcialmente) salen del descargador y se entregan a una mesa de desmoldeo (ver la figura 42 donde está referenciada dicha mesa con el número 129) para extraer los tableros y almacenarlos después. A continuación, las bandejas 102 vacías regresan al punto de partida mediante el transportador de cintas múltiples encadenadas referenciado con 130Through another conveyor belt or conveyor 128 (also partially shown) they leave the unloader and delivered to a demolding table (see figure 42 where said table is referenced with the number 129) to extract the boards and store them later. Next, the empty trays 102 return to the starting point by means of the chained multiple belt conveyor referenced with 130
(figura 29) .(figure 29).
En la figura 30 vemos la prensa 126 cargada con las cinco bandejas 102 después de haber sido prensados los tableros. El descargador de prensa 127 con cinco niveles de cadenas de arrastre, extrae las bandejas y a su vez se carga la prensa con bandejas de tableros pre- prensados que están ya dispuestos en el cargador 125. Obsérvese que las bandejas 102 están enganchadas consecutivamente.In figure 30 we see the press 126 loaded with the five trays 102 after the boards have been pressed. The press downloader 127 with five levels of drag chains, removes the trays and in turn the press is loaded with trays of pressed boards that are already arranged in the magazine 125. Note that the trays 102 are engaged consecutively.
En las figuras 31 a 33 se representa el cargador de prensa 125 cuyas características básicas son las siguientes :In figures 31 to 33 the press magazine 125 is shown whose basic characteristics are as follows:
Incluye tres cadenas sinfín 131 por cada nivel, montadas a la distancia adecuada en la estructura de puente 132 que soporta el mecanismo elevador, el cual va ascendiendo conforme va recibiendo las bandejas en cada nivel hasta que se completa la carga.It includes three endless chains 131 for each level, mounted at the appropriate distance in the bridge structure 132 that supports the lifting mechanism, which is ascending as it receives the trays in each level until the load is completed.
Las columnas del puente 132 deslizan en pistas de rodadura 133 que se desplaza con movimientos de avance y retroceso mediante los cilindros hidráulicos 134. Gracias a este movimiento se produce la conexión de los ganchos 118 de las bandejas que están preparadas para entrar en la prensa, en los tacos 121 de las que se encuentran en la prensa preparadas para salir y así dar entrada a las anteriores .The columns of the bridge 132 slide on raceways 133 which move with forward and reverse movements by means of the hydraulic cylinders 134. Thanks to this movement, the hooks 118 of the trays that are prepared to enter the press are produced, in tacos 121 of those in the press ready to leave and thus give entrance to the previous ones.
Por otra parte, en las figuras 38 a 40 se representa el descargador de prensa 127 que es similar al cargador 125 pues tiene también una estructura de puente 132, pistas de rodadura 133 y cilindros 134 de avance y retroceso para conexión y desconexión del sistema de enganche de las bandejas después del prensado .On the other hand, in figures 38 to 40 the press downloader 127 is shown which is similar to the magazine 125 as it also has a bridge structure 132, raceways 133 and forward and reverse cylinders 134 for connection and disconnection of the delivery system. Tray hitch after pressing.
Como se observa, en lugar de haber tres cadenas de arrastre 131 como en el caso del cargador 125, hay dos juegos de tres cadenas de igual longitud pero desfasado un juego respecto del otro y siendo ambos motrices. El juego más retrasado es un tren de arrastre de tres cadenas referenciadas con 135 tendidas entre piñones delanteros y traseros con ejes respectivos 136. Las cadenas del juego más avanzado están referenciadas con 137 y se encuentran tendidas entre piñones parejos calados en los ejes 138 delantero y trasero (ver vista en planta en la figura 39) . Las cadenas 135 son las portadoras del diente de arrastre 122 de anclaje de los ganchos 118 de las bandejas 102 como vimos en relación con la figura 30As it can be seen, instead of having three drag chains 131 as in the case of the loader 125, there are two sets of three chains of equal length but one set offset with respect to the other and both being motive. The most delayed game is a three-chain drive train referenced with 135 lying between front and rear sprockets with respective axes 136. The most advanced game chains are referenced with 137 and are located between openwork pinion sprockets on the front and front axles 138 rear (see plan view in figure 39). The chains 135 are the carriers of the drive tooth 122 for anchoring the hooks 118 of the trays 102 as we saw in relation to Figure 30
(ver detalle ampliado de la misma) . Durante el movimiento de avance de estas cadenas 135 los dientes 122 arrastran las bandejas (una vez que se ha producido la conexión al avanzar hacia la izquierda el puente 132 con el cilindro hidráulico 133 correspondiente) hasta quedar superpuestas en el descargador 127. Después han de volver estos dientes a la posición primitiva para quedar preparados para un nuevo arrastre. Para este movimiento de retorno la bandeja queda apoyada solamente en el otro juego de cadenas 137 más avanzado y que está parado al quedar descansando en él porque cuenta con unos suplementos 139 en sus eslabones con este fin (ver el detalle de la figura 39) . El desfase es precisamente para que el diente 122 retorne hasta esconderse al alcanzar la corona de reenvió y no suponga obstáculo a la entrada de la nueva bandeja 102.(see enlarged detail of it). During the forward movement of these chains 135, the teeth 122 drag the trays (once the connection has been made when the bridge 132 moves forward with the corresponding hydraulic cylinder 133) until they are superimposed on the unloader 127. Then they must return these teeth to the primitive position to be prepared for a new drag. For this one return movement the tray is supported only in the other set of chains 137 more advanced and standing when resting on it because it has supplements 139 in its links for this purpose (see the detail in Figure 39). The offset is precisely so that the tooth 122 returns until it hides when it reaches the resending crown and does not constitute an obstacle to the entrance of the new tray 102.
En las figuras 34 y 35 se muestra en planta y alzado respectivamente, el transportador 128 de un solo nivel que está ubicado a la salida del descargador 127 y que estaba mostrado parcialmente en las figuras 28 y 29. Es de cadenas 140 tendidas entre coronas caladas en ejes 141 delantero y trasero. A la entrada de la pre-prensa 124 también hay un transportador de un solo nivel, al que habíamos referenciado con al número 123 pero como se ve en las figuras 36 y 37 es de correas 141 en lugar de cadenas porque las bandejas 102 que proceden de las formadoras están a baja temperatura.In figures 34 and 35 it is shown in plan and elevation respectively, the single level conveyor 128 that is located at the outlet of the unloader 127 and that was partially shown in figures 28 and 29. It is of chains 140 lying between openwork crowns on front and rear 141 axles. At the entrance of the pre-press 124 there is also a single level conveyor, which we had referred to with the number 123 but as seen in figures 36 and 37 it is of belts 141 instead of chains because the trays 102 that proceed of the trainers are at low temperature.
Por último, con relación a las figuras 41 y 42 en las que se muestra la mesa de desmoldeo 129, presenta las siguientes características siginificativas :Finally, in relation to Figures 41 and 42 in which the mold table 129 is shown, it has the following siginifying characteristics:
Es una mesa normal de rodillos 142 sobre la que apoya la bandeja 102 con el tablero 143 formado en su interior con los huecos en correspondencia con las ventanas 104 y 105 de la chapa 103 de fondo.It is a normal table of rollers 142 on which the tray 102 rests with the board 143 formed inside with the gaps in correspondence with the windows 104 and 105 of the bottom sheet 103.
Para hacer la extracción del tablero 143 se actúa eléctricamente sobre los electroimanes 144 intercalados entre los rodillos 142 que atraen la chapa de fondo 103 de la bandeja 102, despegándola del tablero 143. El puente grúa portador de ventosas de vacío que apoyan en diversos puntos del tablero, lo levantan y trasladan al lugar de almacenaje. Las bandejas 102 vacías, como dijimos al principio retornan al puesto de carga avanzando debajo de las formadoras . In order to remove the board 143, the electromagnets 144 interposed between the rollers 142 that attract the bottom plate 103 are electrically actuated from the tray 102, detaching it from the board 143. The bridge crane carrying vacuum suction cups that support different points of the board, lift it and transfer it to the storage place. The empty trays 102, as we said at the beginning, return to the loading post, moving under the trainers.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Bandeja para la fabricación de tableros de aglomerado para puertas con huecos' para panelar o acristalar, que comprende un fondo (16,72,103) delimitado entre paredes laterales en el que se recibe una manta1. Tray for the manufacture of chipboard panels for doors with gaps' for paneling or glazing, comprising a bottom (16,72,103) delimited between side walls in which a blanket is received
(43,85) de partículas de aglomerado y cola que se somete a compactación entre dos platos calientes (25-42; 80-83) de una prensa, para obtener un tablero (9) , caracterizada porque el fondo (16,72,103) de la bandeja (1,66,102) comprende una pluralidad de ventanas(43.85) of particleboard and glue particles that are subjected to compaction between two hot plates (25-42; 80-83) of a press, to obtain a board (9), characterized in that the bottom (16,72,103) of the tray (1,66,102) comprises a plurality of windows
(10,ll,73,74;104,105) dispuestas en posiciones correspondientes a las posiciones de dichos huecos para panelar o acristalar; cada ventana (10 ,ll;73,74;104,105) está enmarcada por un encofrado retraible (12-30 ;84-86;93-94-86;110-115) de altura adaptable, en respuesta a la presión ejercida por los platos calientes (25-42 ;80-83) cuando compacta la manta (43-85) , entre una altura máxima al menos tan elevada como el espesor de dicha manta (43,85) antes de compactar y una altura al menos tan baja como el espesor del tablero formado después de compactar; el encofrado retraible (12-30;84-86;93-94-86;110- 115) recupera su altura máxima cuando los platos calientes se retiran después de haberse formado el tablero.(10, ll, 73,74; 104,105) arranged in positions corresponding to the positions of said recesses for paneling or glazing; each window (10, ll; 73,74; 104,105) is framed by a retractable formwork (12-30; 84-86; 93-94-86; 110-115) of adaptable height, in response to the pressure exerted by the hot plates (25-42; 80-83) when compacting the blanket (43-85), between a maximum height at least as high as the thickness of said blanket (43.85) before compacting and a height at least as low as the thickness of the board formed after compacting; The retractable formwork (12-30; 84-86; 93-94-86; 110-115) regains its maximum height when hot plates are removed after the board has been formed.
2. Bandeja según la reivindicación 1, caracterizada porque el encofrado retraible (12-30 ;84-86;93-94-86;110- 115) comprende una pared y láminas (30,86,115) elásticamente flexibles, ancladas en dicha pared y que rodean la ventana (10,ll;73,74;104,105) ; cada lámina (30,86,115) comprende una primera parte anclada en dicha pared del encofrado retraible (12-30; 84- 86;93-94-86;110-115) y una segunda parte en voladizo que se extiende inclinadamente en dirección contraria a la ventana (10, 11,-73, 74; 104, 105) de forma que el borde libre de dicha segunda parte de la lámina (30,86,115) termina en un plano superior al plano de dicha primera parte de la lámina (30,86,115); las segundas partes de las láminas (30,86,115) se doblan hacia abajo cuando los platos calientes (25-42; 80- 83) compactan dicha manta (43,85), quedando adosadas a la superficie del plato superior (42,83) cuando la compactación es máxima.2. Tray according to claim 1, characterized in that the retractable formwork (12-30; 84-86; 93-94-86; 110-115) comprises an elastically flexible wall and sheets (30,86,115), anchored in said wall and that surround the window (10, ll; 73.74; 104,105); each sheet (30,86,115) comprises a first part anchored in said retractable formwork wall (12-30; 84-86; 93-94-86; 110-115) and a second cantilevered part extending inclined in the opposite direction to the window (10, 11, -73, 74; 104, 105) so that the free edge of said second part of the sheet (30,86,115) ends in a plane greater than the plane of said first part of the sheet ( 30,86,115); the second parts of the sheets (30,86,115) fold down when the hot plates (25-42; 80-83) compact said blanket (43.85), being attached to the surface of the upper plate (42.83) when the compaction is maximum.
3. Bandeja según la reivindicación 1 o 2, caracterizada porque tiene una superficie correspondiente a un múltiplo de las superficies de las puertas a formar mediante cortes transversales y longitudinales ulteriores del tablero.3. Tray according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a surface corresponding to a multiple of the surfaces of the doors to be formed by subsequent transverse and longitudinal cuts of the board.
4. Bandeja según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizada porque el encofrado retraible (12-30/93-94- 86) es un encofrado telescópico (12-30;93-94-86) asistido por resortes.4. Tray according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the retractable formwork (12-30 / 93-94-86) is a telescopic formwork (12-30; 93-94-86) spring-assisted.
5. Bandeja según la reivindicación 4, caracterizada porque la pared del encofrado telescópico (12-30) de cada ventana (10,11) incluye una porción exterior (13) que está fija al fondo (16) de la bandeja (1) , y que tiene sección transversal triángulo-rectangular con la hipotenusa hacia el exterior, y cuya altura se corresponde con el espesor final del tablero. al menos una porción telescópica intermedia (14) , que tiene una sección trapecio-rectangular con un lado oblicuo en vertiente hacia el exterior del conjunto telescópico del encofrado retraible (12-30) , y una porción telescópica interior (15) de sección trapecio-rectangular con un lado oblicuo en vertiente hacia el interior del conjunto telescópico del encofrado retraible (12-30) , y que está vinculada al extremo superior de unos muelles telescópicos (17) de recuperación de la posición extendida del encofrado telescópico (12-30) de la respectiva ventana (10,11).5. Tray according to claim 4, characterized in that the wall of the telescopic formwork (12-30) of each window (10.11) includes an outer portion (13) that is fixed to the bottom (16) of the tray (1), and that has a triangle-rectangular cross section with the hypotenuse outward, and whose height corresponds to the thickness end of the board. at least one intermediate telescopic portion (14), which has a trapezoid-rectangular section with an oblique side towards the outside of the telescopic assembly of the retractable formwork (12-30), and an inner telescopic portion (15) of trapezoidal section rectangular with an oblique side sloping towards the inside of the telescopic assembly of the retractable formwork (12-30), and which is linked to the upper end of some telescopic springs (17) for recovering the extended position of the telescopic formwork (12-30) of the respective window (10.11).
6. Bandeja según la reivindicación 5, caracterizada porque los muelles telescópicos (17) que asisten al encofrado telescópico (12-30) de cada ventana (10,11), están determinados por tramos telescópicos (18,19,20) con sección tubular cilindrica de idéntico número de tramos y de igual altura que las respectivas porciones del encofrado telescópico (12-30) , y provisto de un resorte helicoidal (22) interior y coaxial que apoya en sendas placas base (23,24) que cierran los extremos del muelle telescópico (17) , comprendiendo los tramos telescópicos6. Tray according to claim 5, characterized in that the telescopic springs (17) that assist the telescopic formwork (12-30) of each window (10,11), are determined by telescopic sections (18,19,20) with tubular section cylindrical of identical number of sections and of equal height than the respective portions of the telescopic formwork (12-30), and provided with an inner and coaxial helical spring (22) that supports on base plates (23,24) that close the ends of the telescopic spring (17), comprising the telescopic sections
(18,19,20) medios de tope que limitan su máxima extensión.(18,19,20) stop means that limit its maximum extension.
7. Bandeja según la reivindicación 6, caracterizado porque el muelle telescópico (17) comprende un tramo telescópico exterior (18) , al menos un tramo telescópico intermedio (19) , interior y un tramo telescópico interior (20) inferior; el tramo exterior (18) es el tramo de mayor diámetro del muelle telescópico (17) y está anclado a la pared lateral de la porción superior (15) del encofrado telescópico (12-30) ; el tramo telescópico intermedio (19) pende del tramo telescópico exterior (18) , y el tramo telescópico interior (20) pende del tramo telescópico intermedio (19) .7. Tray according to claim 6, characterized in that the telescopic spring (17) comprises an outer telescopic section (18), at least one intermediate telescopic section (19), interior and a lower inner telescopic section (20); the outer section (18) is the largest diameter section of the telescopic spring (17) and is anchored to the side wall of the upper portion (15) of the telescopic formwork (12-30); the intermediate telescopic section (19) hangs from the outer telescopic section (18), and the inner telescopic section (20) hangs from the intermediate telescopic section (19).
8. Bandeja según la reivindicación 7, caracterizada porque cada tramo intermedio (19) del muelle telescópico (17) , es solidario por una parte inferior de su pared, de una placa horizontal (21) fijada a la pared de la porción intermedia (14) correspondiente del encofrado telescópico8. Tray according to claim 7, characterized in that each intermediate section (19) of the telescopic spring (17), is fixed by a lower part of its wall, of a horizontal plate (21) fixed to the wall of the intermediate portion (14 ) corresponding telescopic formwork
(12-30) de la ventana (10,11).(12-30) of the window (10.11).
9. Bandeja según una de las reivindicaciones 5 a 8, caracterizada porque las paredes longitudinales de las porciones intermedias (14) del encofrado telescópico (12- 30) de las ventanas (10,11), están arriostradas por una pluralidad de varillas transversales (27) de refuerzo, de longitud regulable, y vinculadas por sus extremos a sendas placas horizontales (28) separadoras, para salvar el espesor de la porción superior (15) .9. Tray according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the longitudinal walls of the intermediate portions (14) of the telescopic formwork (12-30) of the windows (10,11) are braced by a plurality of transverse rods ( 27) of reinforcement, of adjustable length, and linked by their ends to two horizontal plates (28) separators, to save the thickness of the upper portion (15).
10. Bandeja según la reivindicación 9, caracterizada porque comprende varillas transversales (26) tensoras ajustables, tendidas entre los tramos superiores (18) de muelles telescópicos (17) enfrentados.10. Tray according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises adjustable tensioning transverse rods (26), lying between the upper sections (18) of facing telescopic springs (17).
11. Bandeja según la reivindicación 10, caracterizada porque comprende varillas longitudinales tensoras (26a) , ajustables, tendidas entre muelles telescópicos (17) enfrentados anclados por su tramo exterior (18) de mayor diámetro, a las paredes laterales transversales de las porciones superiores (15) del encofrado telescópico (12- 30) de las ventanas (10) de menores dimensiones.11. Tray according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises longitudinal tensioning rods (26a), adjustable, lying between opposite telescopic springs (17) anchored by its outer section (18) of greater diameter, to the transverse side walls of the upper portions (15) of the telescopic formwork (12-30) of the windows (10) of smaller dimensions.
12. Bandeja según la reivindicación 10, caracterizada porque comprende muelles telescópicos (17) anclados por su sección externa de mayor diámetro a las paredes laterales transversales de las porciones superiores (15) del encofrado telescópico (12-30) de las ventanas (11) de mayores dimensiones, y varillas ajustables (26b) como tensores de refuerzo, tendidas entre los tramos superiores (18) de los muelles telescópicos (17) y un puente transversal (46) que une una pareja próxima de respectivos muelles telescópicos12. Tray according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises telescopic springs (17) anchored by its outer section of greater diameter to the transverse side walls of the upper portions (15) of the telescopic formwork (12-30) of the windows (11) of greater dimensions, and adjustable rods (26b) as reinforcement tensioners, lying between the upper sections (18) of the telescopic springs (17) and a transverse bridge (46) that joins a close pair of respective telescopic springs
(17) enfrentados.(17) faced.
13. Bandeja según una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizada porque el fondo (16) de la bandeja (1) queda sujeto por sus laterales a unos soportes con medios de tensado y guia (35,41,50,51) que apoyan a través de ruedas o rodillos en la zona de la bancada (34) donde se encuentra la prensa de platos calientes .13. Tray according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom (16) of the tray (1) is attached on its sides to supports with tensioning and guide means (35,41,50,51) that support through wheels or rollers in the area of the bench (34) where the hot plate press is located.
14. Bandeja según una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes , caracterizada porque los laterales de las bandejas (1) llevan solidarios tacos (41) a modo de regletas o tramos discontinuos, atravesados por espárragos (38) anclados a unos soportes14. Tray according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sides of the trays (1) have integral tacos (41) by way of strips or discontinuous sections, crossed by studs (38) anchored to supports
(35) desplazables transversalmente en colas de milano(35) transversely movable in dovetails
(40) practicadas en los laterales de la bandeja (1), a los cuales queda fijado el fondo (16) de la bandeja (1) .(40) practiced on the sides of the tray (1), a which is fixed the bottom (16) of the tray (1).
15. Bandeja según una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizada porque el fondo (16) de la bandeja (1) se sujeta al menos a barras transversales (50) delantera y trasera, cuyos extremos emergentes quedan fijados a soportes laterales (51) los cuales cuentan con una pluralidad de ruedas verticales (53) de apoyo en un ala horizontal (55) de un angular (56) sujeto al costado respectivo del plato caliente inferior (25) , asi como con ruedas horizontales (54) de guiado lateral de la bandeja (1) al rodar por el ala vertical de dicho angular (56) , estando determinados medios de avance de la bandeja (1) por esta zona de la prensa de platos calientes, por una cremallera (58) sujeta al lateral de la bandeja (1) , la cual encuentra a al menos un piñón (59) motor y de guia, de ejes verticales y ubicados en puntos fijos de los costados de la prensa.15. Tray according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom (16) of the tray (1) is fastened at least to front and rear transverse bars (50), whose emerging ends are fixed to lateral supports (51). which have a plurality of vertical wheels (53) supporting a horizontal wing (55) of an angle (56) attached to the respective side of the lower hot plate (25), as well as horizontal wheels (54) of lateral guidance of the tray (1) when rolling on the vertical wing of said angle (56), certain means of advancing the tray (1) being in this area of the hot plate press, by a rack (58) attached to the side of the tray (1), which finds at least one pinion (59) motor and guide, of vertical axes and located at fixed points on the sides of the press.
16. Bandeja según una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 14, caracterizada porque el fondo (16) de las bandejas (1) se sujeta al menos a barras transversales (50) delantera y trasera, cuyos extremos emergentes quedan fijados a unos soportes laterales (51) los cuales cuentan con una pluralidad de rodillos (62) que apoyan en el ala horizontal (55) de un angular (56) sujeto al costado respectivo del plato caliente inferior (25) , contando también dicho soporte (51) con otra serie de rodillos (63) de eje vertical en su lateral exterior, que ruedan en una pared (64) fijada al extremo del ala (55) de dicho angular, estando determinados los medios de avance de la bandeja (1) por esta zona de la prensa de platos calientes, por una cremallera horizontal (58) sujeta al soporte (51) , la cual engrana con al menos un piñón (59) motor y de guia, de ejes horizontales y ubicados en puntos fijos de los costados de la prensa.16. Tray according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the bottom (16) of the trays (1) is attached at least to front and rear transverse bars (50), whose emerging ends are fixed to lateral supports ( 51) which have a plurality of rollers (62) that rest on the horizontal wing (55) of an angle (56) attached to the respective side of the lower hot plate (25), said support (51) also having another series of vertical axis rollers (63) on its outer side, which roll on a wall (64) fixed to the end of the wing (55) of said angle, the advance means of the tray (1) being determined by this area of the hot plate press, by a horizontal rack (58) attached to the support (51), which meshes with at least one motor pinion (59) and guide, of horizontal axes and located in fixed points of the sides of the press.
17. Bandeja según una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 5 a 16, caracterizado porque las láminas (30) están ancladas a las caras superiores oblicuas y libres de las respectivas secciones telescópicas interiores (15) de las paredes del encofrado telescópico (12-30) de ventanas y laterales del molde o bandeja (1) .17. Tray according to any one of claims 5 to 16, characterized in that the sheets (30) are anchored to the oblique and free upper faces of the respective inner telescopic sections (15) of the walls of the telescopic formwork (12-30) of windows and sides of the mold or tray (1).
18. Bandeja según una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 5 a 17, caracterizada porque las láminas (30), tienen hacia el lado de su vertiente, recortes (31) transversales para salvar los muelles telescópicos (17) y elementos tensores (27) .18. Tray according to any one of claims 5 to 17, characterized in that the sheets (30) have transverse cuts (31) to save the telescopic springs (17) and tensioning elements (27) towards the side of their shed.
19. Bandeja según la reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque la pared del encofrado retraible (93,94,86) es una pared telescópica comprendida por un perfil compuesto por una porción triangular exterior (93) inferior y una porción triangular interior (94) superior telescópicamente desplazables; la porción triangular exterior (93) está anclada en el fondo (72) de la bandeja (66); las láminas (86) están unidas a la porción triangular interior (94) ; la pared se mantiene en posición extendida mediante una pluralidad de muelles telescópicos (95) ; cada muelle telescópico (95) comprende un tramo superior (96) anclado a la porción triangular interior19. Tray according to claim 2, characterized in that the retractable formwork wall (93,94,86) is a telescopic wall comprised of a profile composed of a lower outer triangular portion (93) and a telescopic upper inner triangular portion (94) scrollable; the outer triangular portion (93) is anchored in the bottom (72) of the tray (66); the sheets (86) are attached to the inner triangular portion (94); the wall is held in an extended position by a plurality of telescopic springs (95); each telescopic spring (95) comprises an upper section (96) anchored to the inner triangular portion
(94) de la pared del encofrado retraible (93,94,86) mediante pinzas de asiento (98) intermedias, y un tramo inferior (97) que pende del tramo superior (96) y tiene un diámetro menor que el tramo superior (97) ; el tramo superior (96) y el tramo inferior (97) están asistidos por un resorte helicoidal (99) coaxial tendido entre las respectivas bases extremas (100,101) del muelle telescópico (95) .(94) of the retractable formwork wall (93.94.86) by means of intermediate seat clips (98), and a lower section (97) that hangs from the upper section (96) and has a diameter smaller than the upper section ( 97); the upper section (96) and the lower section (97) are assisted by a coaxial coil spring (99) lying between the respective end bases (100,101) of the telescopic spring (95).
20. Bandeja según la reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque la pared del encofrado retraible (84,86) es un perfil macizo (84) de sección triangular, anclado al fondo (72) , que tiene una cara exterior para retener la manta (85) y una cara interior que lleva fijada la lámina20. Tray according to claim 2, characterized in that the retractable formwork wall (84,86) is a solid profile (84) of triangular section, anchored to the bottom (72), which has an outer face to retain the blanket (85) and an inner face that has the blade fixed
(86) cuyo borde libre limita la caida de las partículas de aglomerado y cola.(86) whose free edge limits the fall of the agglomerate and tail particles.
21. Bandeja según la reivindicación 20, caracterizada porque comprende medios de anclaje para anclar el perfil macizo (84) en el fondo (72) de la bandeja (66), definidos por un cajeado en la base del perfil macizo (84); una regleta (89) con orificios rasgados, de sección complementaria a la del cajeado, soldada al fondo (72) y que entra en el cajeado; pasadores transversales (88) que entran por la cara interior del perfil macizo (84) .21. Tray according to claim 20, characterized in that it comprises anchoring means for anchoring the solid profile (84) at the bottom (72) of the tray (66), defined by a recess in the base of the solid profile (84); a strip (89) with torn holes, of complementary section to that of the recessed, welded to the bottom (72) and entering the recessed; cross pins (88) that enter through the inner face of the solid profile (84).
22. Bandeja según la reivindicación 21, caracterizada porque el cajeado es rectangular y porque la regleta (89) tiene una sección rectangular.22. Tray according to claim 21, characterized in that the recess is rectangular and that the strip (89) It has a rectangular section.
23. Bandeja según la reivindicación 21, caracterizada porque el cajeado es un cajeado en cola de milano y porque la regleta tiene una sección complementaria.23. Tray according to claim 21, characterized in that the recess is a recess in dovetail and because the strip has a complementary section.
24. Bandeja según la reivindicación 2, caracterizada porque la pared del encofrado retraible (110,115) está comprendida por un perfil (110) en "V" de vértice redondeado y alas ancladas en zonas marginales del fondo (103) de la bandeja (102), la cara interior de la pared lleva adosada la Ia parte de la lámina (115) la cara exterior de la pared contacta con la manta y está configurada para facilitar el desmoldeo del tablero,24. Tray according to claim 2, characterized in that the retractable formwork wall (110,115) is comprised of a "V" profile (110) of rounded vertex and wings anchored in marginal areas of the bottom (103) of the tray (102) , the inner face of the wall has the I attached to part of the sheet (115) the outer face of the wall contacts the blanket and is configured to facilitate the demolding of the board,
25. Bandeja según la reivindicación 26, caracterizada porque el perfil (110) está anclado en el fondo (103) de la bandeja (102) mediante placas horizontales (111) con función de chavetas pasante por respectivas ventanas (112) ; las ventanas (112) están previstas a distancias regulares en las alas del perfil (110) y son pasantes bajo un tramo horizontal de soportes (113) en forma de puente; los soportes (113) están soldados al fondo (103) en puntos coincidentes sobre pletinas (114) soldadas al fondo (103) .25. Tray according to claim 26, characterized in that the profile (110) is anchored at the bottom (103) of the tray (102) by means of horizontal plates (111) with the function of keyways through respective windows (112); the windows (112) are provided at regular distances on the wings of the profile (110) and are through a horizontal section of supports (113) in the form of a bridge; the supports (113) are welded to the bottom (103) at coincident points on plates (114) welded to the bottom (103).
26. Bandeja según la reivindicación 25, caracterizada porque cada placa horizontal (111) tiene forma angular con un ala horizontal que atraviesa el perfil (110) y un ala oblicuo que desciende oblicuamente adosada al ala interna del perfil (110) ; el extremo libre del ala horizontal se remata en bisel ajustado a la inclinación del ala correspondiente del perfil (110) , sobrepasando la lámina (115) y una regleta de sujeción (116) que sujeta la lámina (115).26. Tray according to claim 25, characterized because each horizontal plate (111) has an angular shape with a horizontal wing that crosses the profile (110) and an oblique wing that descends obliquely attached to the internal wing of the profile (110); the free end of the horizontal wing is finished off in a bevel adjusted to the inclination of the corresponding wing of the profile (110), exceeding the sheet (115) and a clamp strip (116) that holds the sheet (115).
27. Bandeja según la reivindicación 26, caracterizada porque la lámina (115) se sujeta al ala interior del perfil (110) mediante tornillos (117) y tuercas pasante por orificios practicados en la lámina (115) y en la regleta de sujeción (116) .27. Tray according to claim 26, characterized in that the sheet (115) is fastened to the inner wing of the profile (110) by means of screws (117) and nuts through holes made in the sheet (115) and in the clamping strip (116). ).
28. Bandeja según las reivindicaciones 20 a 23, caracterizada porque las bandejas (66) tienen en el borde delantero de su plancha de fondo (72) una barra transversal solidaria (75) con sección en "L" invertida avanzando mediante un dispositivo de arrastre definido por dos cadenas laterales sinfín tendidas entre piñones28. Tray according to claims 20 to 23, characterized in that the trays (66) have on the leading edge of their bottom plate (72) a cross-sectional bar (75) with an inverted "L" section advancing by means of a dragging device defined by two endless side chains between pinions
(78) entre cuyos eslabones parejos quedan dispuestos unos tacos empuj adores (82) de las porciones extremas de unas barras (77) provistas de medios de enganche (76) complementarios de la sección en "L" de las barras transversales (75) de las bandejas (66) y que van montadas en ellas .(78) whose even links are provided with push-in blocks (82) of the end portions of bars (77) provided with coupling means (76) complementary to the "L" section of the crossbars (75) of the trays (66) and which are mounted on them.
29. Bandeja según las reivindicaciones 24 a 27, caracterizada porque el borde o extremo delantero pose un soporte solidario (119) con una extensión en forma de gancho (118) , susceptible de ser trabado por un diente (122) que emerge de la respectiva cadena (135) de un tren de arrastre a diferentes alturas coincidiendo con los niveles de la prensa (126) , pertenecientes a un descargador (127) con el que se consigue la extracción simultánea de las bandejas (102) de los diferentes niveles de platos calientes de la prensa (126) de pórticos, estando estos trenes de arrastre montados en un dispositivo elevador que sitúa las bandejas (102) al nivel coincidente con un transportador (128) de un solo nivel que las conduce sucesivamente hacia una mesa de desmoldeo (129) .29. Tray according to claims 24 to 27, characterized in that the leading edge or end has a supportive support (119) with a hook-shaped extension (118), capable of being locked by a tooth (122) emerging from the respective chain (135) of a drive train at different heights coinciding with the levels of the press (126), belonging to a unloader (127) with which the simultaneous extraction of the trays (102) of the different levels of hot plates from the press (126) of porticos is achieved, these drive trains being mounted on a lifting device that places the trays (102) at the level coinciding with a single-level conveyor (128) that leads them successively towards a demolding table (129).
30. Bandeja según la reivindicación 29, caracterizada porque el extremo posterior de las bandejas (102) incluye unos soportes (120) solidarios con un taco (121) que emerge superiormente para definir medios de conexión con los ganchos (118) del extremo delantero de una bandeja (102) posterior contigua que es así arrastrada en el movimiento de la bandeja (102) precedente, avanzando a su vez esta bandeja posterior sobre el respectivo tren de arrastre de los existentes a diferentes alturas coincidiendo con los distintos niveles de la prensa (126) de platos calientes y pertenecientes a un cargador (125) con dispositivo de elevación y a los que van accediendo las bandejas (102) desde una pre-prensa (124) en que se realiza una primera fase de prensado parcial del producto a la salida de las formadoras, o directamente a la salida de éstas si sólo existe una etapa de prensado, de donde avanzan en un solo nivel . 30. Tray according to claim 29, characterized in that the rear end of the trays (102) includes supports (120) integral with a block (121) that emerges superiorly to define connection means with the hooks (118) of the front end of a contiguous rear tray (102) that is thus dragged in the movement of the preceding tray (102), in turn advancing this rear tray on the respective drag train of the existing ones at different heights coinciding with the different levels of the press ( 126) of hot plates belonging to a loader (125) with lifting device and to which the trays (102) are accessed from a pre-press (124) in which a first phase of partial pressing of the product is carried out at the exit of the trainers, or directly at the exit of these if only There is a pressing stage, from where they advance on a single level.
PCT/ES2006/000440 2005-07-29 2006-07-28 Tray for the production of hardboards for doors, comprising cavities for panelling or glazing WO2007012686A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP200501869 2005-07-29
ES200501869A ES2278512B2 (en) 2005-07-29 2005-07-29 Tray for producing hardboard panels for doors by hot pressing, has base with variable height side walls containing retractable parts
ES200502035A ES2278514B2 (en) 2005-07-29 2005-08-12 IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN THE PATENT OF INVENTION N. P-200501869, BY: SYSTEM OF MANUFACTURE OF BOARDS OF DOORS, WITH SIMULTANEOUS FORMATION OF THE HOLES FOR PANELAR OR ACRISTALAR AND PRODUCT OBTAINED.
ESP200502035 2005-08-12
ES200600793A ES2282042B2 (en) 2005-07-29 2006-03-27 IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN THE PATENT OF INVENTION N. P-200501869 BY: SYSTEM OF MANUFACTURE OF BOARDING BOARDS FOR DOORS, WITH SIMULTANEOUS FORMATION OF HOLES FOR PANELAR OR CRYSTAL AND PRODUCT OBTAINED.
ESP200600793 2006-03-27

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PCT/ES2006/000440 WO2007012686A2 (en) 2005-07-29 2006-07-28 Tray for the production of hardboards for doors, comprising cavities for panelling or glazing

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998048992A1 (en) * 1997-04-25 1998-11-05 International Paper Trademark Company Method and device for the moulding of wood fibre board
US6669891B1 (en) * 1999-04-02 2003-12-30 Midwest Brake Bond Company Method and apparatus for producing brake lining material

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1528243B1 (en) * 1965-04-13 1970-10-15 Werz Furnier Sperrholz Device for the production of Spank¦rpern

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998048992A1 (en) * 1997-04-25 1998-11-05 International Paper Trademark Company Method and device for the moulding of wood fibre board
US6669891B1 (en) * 1999-04-02 2003-12-30 Midwest Brake Bond Company Method and apparatus for producing brake lining material

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