WO2006103975A1 - 通信装置 - Google Patents
通信装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006103975A1 WO2006103975A1 PCT/JP2006/305543 JP2006305543W WO2006103975A1 WO 2006103975 A1 WO2006103975 A1 WO 2006103975A1 JP 2006305543 W JP2006305543 W JP 2006305543W WO 2006103975 A1 WO2006103975 A1 WO 2006103975A1
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- transmission
- information
- frame
- probability
- communication
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 239
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 217
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 101100172132 Mus musculus Eif3a gene Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/24—Multipath
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
- H04W28/14—Flow control between communication endpoints using intermediate storage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
- H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a communication device that can be used for forming a relay node that relays information signals to be communicated, for example, in a communication network that enables communication between a plurality of communication terminals. .
- a mesh 'network is different from a communication network constructed by arranging a base node that performs a central management function and a plurality of relay nodes under its control, as a base node that performs a central management function.
- a number of relay nodes with no corresponding ones are arranged adjacent to each other in such a way that their communication areas overlap each other, thereby expanding the communication path into a network. It is a communication network.
- a mesh network for example, even if a relay node fails and communication is interrupted, communication via other relay nodes can be restored. Advantages such as easy addition of a new relay node to the network can be obtained.
- wireless mesh' network communication between a communication terminal and a relay node and communication between relay nodes by wireless communication is referred to as a so-called wireless mesh' network.
- One of the serious problems in wireless mesh 'networks is the inconvenience caused by radio wave collision. In other words, radio waves transmitted from multiple sources collide with each other on a certain communication channel, resulting in obstacles to the propagation of each radio wave, and communication through the communication channel cannot be performed properly. is there.
- CSMA / CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
- carrier sense the usage status of a channel used for communication
- transmission of an information signal starts when the idle state continues for a certain period of time, and if the channel is in a busy state, it is in an idle state.
- the transmission of information signals is postponed until.
- the occurrence of radio wave collision on the channel is suppressed.
- an RTS-CTS method As another measure for avoiding radio wave collision, an RTS-CTS method has also been proposed. Under this RTS-CTS method, when transmitting an information signal, the transmitting relay node first sends out an RTS (Request To Send) indicating the intention of transmission. The receiving relay node that has properly received this RTS transmits a CTS (Clear To Send) indicating the completion of reception preparation. Then, the transmission side relay node that has received the CTS properly starts transmitting the information signal. As a result, the occurrence of radio wave collision on the channel used for communication between relay nodes is suppressed.
- RTS Request To Send
- CTS Charge To Send
- Non-Patent Document 1 Editor: Shozo Komaki, Sakai Wireless Technology and its Applications 3 Wireless LAN and Ubiquitous Network Souda, Publisher: Maruzen Co., Ltd., issued January 30, 2004, pp. 109-118
- Non-patent Reference 2 Author: C. I. K. Toh, Translator: Structural Planning Laboratory, "Ad-hoc Mopile Wireless Network IV, First Edition, Publisher: Structural Planning Laboratory, May 31, 2003, 44-53 Page
- carrier sense is the detection of the state of use of each channel used for communication when transmitting information signals.
- Carrier sense detects the power level of the received signal, compares the detected power level with a preset decision level, and if the detected power level is below the decision level, the channel is in an idle state. This is done by determining that the channel is busy when the detected power level is greater than or equal to the determination level. Executing such a carrier sense every time an information signal is transmitted is a relatively troublesome process for each relay node. Therefore, if possible, it is desirable not to perform carrier sense.
- the present invention has the advantages that a wireless mesh network originally has, and in addition, for example, does not perform carrier sense associated with the CSMAZCA method, Multiple wireless communication networks that can reliably and effectively avoid collision of radio waves on communication channels that do not require transmission / reception of CTS or control information such as CTS transmission / reception.
- a communication device that can be used for forming each of the relay nodes is provided.
- the communication apparatus receives an input communication signal and obtains an input information signal and is based on the output information signal.
- a transmission / reception unit that transmits an output communication signal, and a frame that includes a header area in which identification information is arranged and an information area in which communication information is arranged by performing a framing process on the input information signal.
- the first framed data is obtained, and the second framed data including the header area where the processed identification information is arranged and the information area where the communication information is arranged is subjected to frame decomposition processing to generate an output information signal.
- the frame processing unit to be obtained and the first framed data obtained from the frame processing unit are temporarily stored, and the second framed data is temporarily stored and discharged to the frame processing unit.
- the information to which the change processing has been added is discharged to the temporary memory unit as processed identification information, and the storage amount of the first framed data and the second framed data of the second framed data are stored in the temporary memory unit at regular intervals.
- Main memory part to be stored as information, temporary management part to control temporary storage of the first framed data and second framed data in the temporary memory part, and storage and storage of identification information in the main memory part, A main management unit that controls discharge of processed identification information and storage of state information, and an operation control unit that controls the operation of each unit are configured.
- the operation control unit uses the status information or history information and the status information to the temporary management unit and the main management unit to determine the discard probability or the transmission probability and the second probability for each frame of the second framed data.
- the delay probability for each frame of the second framed data is obtained, and the discard probability for each frame of the second framed data is determined based on the discard probability or the transmission probability and the delay probability. It is assumed that control related to discard or transmission and control related to transmission delay for each frame of the second framed data when each frame of the second framed data is transmitted.
- the temporary management unit and the main management unit provide the second frame based on the discard probability or the transmission probability. It is assumed that control regarding discard or transmission of each frame of the digitized data is performed using the discard probability or the transmission probability and the pseudo random number.
- an input information signal based on the input communication signal received by the transmission / reception unit is obtained, and the input information of the transmission / reception unit power is obtained by the frame processing unit.
- the first framed data obtained based on the signal is stored in the temporary memory unit.
- the identification information included in the first framed data stored in the temporary memory unit is extracted and stored in the main memory unit.
- the identification information stored in the main memory unit is stored in the main memory unit as history information, and is subjected to a change process or as a processed identification information without being changed in the temporary memory unit. Stored.
- the processed identification information stored in the temporary memory unit is used to form second framed data including the processed identification information, and the second framed data is discharged to the frame processing unit.
- An output information signal based on the communication information included in the second framed data is obtained from the frame processing unit, and an output communication signal based on the output information signal is transmitted through the transmission / reception unit.
- the temporary management unit and the main management unit that control the temporary memory unit and the main memory unit perform the following operations under the control of the operation control unit.
- Information indicating the excessive reception state, the excessive transmission state for the output communication signal, and the reception / transmission equilibrium state for the input communication signal and the output communication signal are stored as state information in the main memory unit.
- the temporary management unit and the main management unit use the state information stored in the main memory unit or the history information and the state information, and the discard probability for each frame of the second framed data.
- the transmission probability and the delay probability for each frame of the second framed data are obtained, and the discard for each frame of the second framed data is obtained based on the discard probability or the transmission probability and the delay probability.
- control related to transmission and control related to transmission delay for each frame of the second framed data when each frame of the second framed data is transmitted.
- the output communication signal is transmitted through the transmission / reception unit depending on the situation as described above.
- the state information or history information and the state information are used, and the discard probability for each frame of the second framed data is set.
- the transmission probability and the delay probability for each frame of the second framed data are obtained, and based on these, the second probability corresponding to the state of the input communication signal reception amount and the output communication signal transmission amount is calculated.
- Each frame of framed data is discarded or transmitted.
- the carrier sense associated with the CSMA / CA scheme is not performed, and further, the RTS and CTS transmission / reception associated with the MARCH scheme or the transmission / reception of control information such as CTS transmission / reception is performed.
- the output communication signal can be transmitted through the transmitter / receiver without causing radio wave collision on the communication channel without requiring transmission / reception.
- a plurality of communication devices according to the present invention are arranged such that a plurality of communication devices adjacent to each other form a communication link, whereby a communication network using these as relay nodes is formed.
- a communication network composed of a plurality of relay nodes each formed by applying the communication device according to the present invention collision of radio waves on the communication channel is reliable and effective. Will be avoided.
- the communication device has the advantages that the wireless mesh network originally has, and in addition, for example, does not perform carrier sense associated with the CSMA / CA method, and further accompanies the MARCH method.
- RTS and CTS transmission / reception or CTS transmission / reception It is possible to provide for the formation of each of a plurality of relay nodes capable of constructing a new wireless communication network that can reliably and effectively avoid a radio wave collision on a communication channel that does not require transmission / reception of such control information. It will be possible.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a communication network constructed by a plurality of relay nodes formed by applying an example of a communication apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block configuration diagram showing an example of a communication apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a format diagram showing an example of a frame format data formed in the example of the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 2 and a data format representing the configuration of the portion thereof.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram for explaining discard determination and delay time setting in the example of the communication apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 An example of a relay state of communication signals from a transmission source to a transmission destination in a communication network constructed by a plurality of relay nodes formed by applying the communication device example shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram with which it uses for description.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a communication network constructed by a plurality of relay nodes formed by applying an example of a communication apparatus according to the present invention.
- a plurality of relay nodes 11a to 11l each of which is displayed as "ND": They are arranged to overlap each other. Two-way communication between the relay nodes lla to lli connected by a solid line arrow is performed.
- Each of the relay nodes 11a to 11: lli has history information and status related to the incoming communication signal. It has a database DB formed by storing information etc. in memory means (history information, status information, etc. will be described later).
- Each of the relay nodes l la to l li or a part of the relay nodes l la to l li includes one or a plurality of communication terminals such as mobile phones and personal computers, for example. It is registered as belonging to it. Each communication terminal is specified by its unique identification information.
- the communication signal is, for example, the relay node 11a.
- the incoming communication signal is processed with reference to history information and state information in which various identification information included in the communication signal is stored in the database DB. Originally, it is sent to another relay node or communication terminal, and the communication signal is relayed accordingly.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a communication apparatus according to the present invention that can form each of the relay nodes lla to lli shown in FIG.
- the inter-communication terminal transmission / reception unit 12 and a plurality of inter-relay node transmission / reception units 13a to 13 ⁇ are provided.
- the inter-communication terminal transmission / reception unit 12 is a transmission / reception unit that performs communication with a communication terminal registered as belonging to the relay node formed by the example shown in FIG.
- the input communication signal is received and the output communication signal is transmitted to the communication terminal.
- each of the inter-relay node transmitting / receiving units 13a to 13 ⁇ is a transmitting / receiving unit that performs communication with another relay node adjacent to the relay node formed by the example illustrated in FIG. Receives the input communication signal from the relay node and transmits the output communication signal to the other relay node.
- each of the inter-communication terminal transmission / reception unit 12 and the inter-relay node transmission / reception units 13a to 13n obtains an input information signal corresponding to the received input communication signal and converts them into the frame processing unit 14 To supply.
- the frame processing unit 14 performs framing processing on the input information signal, as shown in A of FIG.
- the storage framing data constituting the frame including the frame header area and the subsequent information area is formed on the basis of the input information signal supplied from the transmission / reception unit 12 between the communication terminals.
- the identification information indicating the transmission source the transmission destination is indicated in the frame header area by the input information signal supplied to the frame processing unit 14.
- Various kinds of identification information such as identification information representing the above are arranged, and communication information transmitted by the input information signal supplied to the frame processing unit 14 is arranged in the information area.
- the frame processing unit 14 when an input information signal is supplied from any one of the inter-relay node transmission / reception units 13a to 13 ⁇ , the frame processing unit 14 performs framing processing on the input information signal, and performs FIG. As shown in ⁇ , supply storage framing data that constitutes a frame including the relay frame header area, the frame header area, and the subsequent information area from any of the relay node transmission / reception units 13a to 13 ⁇ . It is formed based on the input information signal. In such a case, the frame formed by the storage framing data includes identification information relating to the relay node through which the input information signal supplied to the frame processing unit 14 has passed in the relay frame header area, via the relay node.
- Each type of identification information such as identification information (hereinafter referred to as “Budget”) that decreases and decreases each time is distributed, and the input information signal supplied to the frame processing unit 14 in the frame header area.
- various types of identification information such as identification information representing the source and the identification information representing the transmission destination are arranged, and further transmitted to the information area by the input information signal supplied to the frame processing unit 14 Communication information.
- the numerical value represented by the budget is, for example, 1000 for the relay node that is the first relay node. Unless there are special conditions, 200 each time it passes through the second and subsequent relay nodes. It will be reduced and reduced.
- the frame processing unit 14 forms the storage framing data as a frame that includes a frame header area and an information area that follows it, a new relay frame header area is added thereto.
- a relay frame as shown in Fig. 3B. It shall take the form of a frame that includes a header area, a frame header area, and an information area that follows.
- the relay frame header area is assumed to be provided with various types of identification information including a budget with a numerical value of 1000, for example.
- the frame processing unit 14 receives the input information signal from the inter-communication terminal transmission / reception unit 12 and the input information signal from any of the relay node transmission / reception units 13a to 13n. In either case, as shown in FIG. 3B, the storage framed data constituting the frame including the relay frame header area, the frame header area, and the subsequent information area is supplied to the temporary memory unit 15. .
- the operations of the inter-communication terminal transmission / reception unit 12, the inter-relay node transmission / reception unit 13a to 13 ⁇ , and the frame processing unit 14 are performed under the control of the operation control unit 20.
- the storage of the framed data for storage in the temporary memory unit 15 is performed under the control operation of the temporary management unit 16 provided as corresponding to the temporary memory unit 15.
- the control operation by the temporary management unit 16 is performed under the control of the operation control unit 20.
- Temporary management unit 16 is a storage framed data stored in temporary memory unit 15 with an intra-node header area used only in a relay node formed by the example shown in FIG.
- the framing data for storage stored in the temporary memory unit 15 includes the intra-node header area, the relay frame header area, the frame header area, the frame header area, as shown in FIG. It is assumed to constitute a frame including the following information area.
- the processing status for the storage framed data for example, identification information indicating unprocessed, in-process, processed, etc., and identification information such as time information and various flag information at the time of processing Arranged.
- the temporary management unit 16 scans the identification information of the intra-node header area, the relay frame header area, and the frame header area in the storage framed data stored in the temporary memory unit 15, Whether the identification information in the header area indicates that the forwarding information has been updated, and whether the identification information in the relay frame header area should be forcibly forwarded or discarded. ⁇ Furthermore, it is confirmed whether the identification information in the frame header area indicates that there is communication information addressed to the communication terminal belonging to the relay node formed by the example shown in FIG. . That As a result, for example, when the identification information of the relay frame header area indicates that it should be forcibly transferred, the temporary management unit 16 discharges the storage framed data stored in the temporary memory unit 15.
- the frame processing unit 14 performs frame decomposition processing on the framing data for discharge discharged from the temporary memory unit 15, obtains an output information signal based on the framing data for discharge, and transmits the output information signal to the transmission / reception unit 13a between relay nodes. Supply to any of ⁇ 13n. Any one of the inter-relay node transmission / reception units 13a to 13 ⁇ to which the output information signal is supplied forms an output communication signal based on the output information signal and transmits it to another relay node. As a result, transmission of framed data for discharge is performed.
- the temporary management unit 16 stores the identification information power of the relay frame header area, for example, in the temporary memory unit 15 when it does not indicate that it should be forcibly transferred or can be discarded.
- the identification information of the relay frame header area and the frame header area included in the storage framed data is extracted from the temporary memory unit 15 and stored in the main memory unit 17. Thereby, the identification information of the relay frame header area and the frame header area as shown in D of FIG. 3 is stored in the main memory unit 17.
- the storage of the relay frame header area and the frame header area identification information in the main memory unit 17 is performed under the control operation of the main management unit 18 provided corresponding to the main memory unit 17.
- the control operation by the main management unit 18 is also performed under the control of the operation control unit 20.
- the temporary management unit 16 stores the relay frame header area and the identification information of the frame header area included in the storage framed data stored in the temporary memory unit 15 in the main memory unit 17. At the same time, identification information indicating that the main management unit 18 is waiting for a determination is added to the intra-node header area remaining in the temporary memory unit 15.
- the main management unit 18 includes the relay frame header area and the frame header area identification information stored in the main memory unit 17 in the main memory unit 17 as organized history information. Save to the history information database area.
- the history information database area provided in the main memory unit 17 stores history information stored in the past as the identification information power history information of the relay frame header area and the frame header area stored in the main memory unit 17. A database is built.
- the main management unit 18 stores the relay frame header area and the frame header area identification information newly stored in the main memory unit 17 and the history information database area provided in the main memory unit 17. Is compared with the recorded history information. Then, the main management unit 18 shows the transmission source of the original input information signal from which the identification information of the relay frame header area and the frame header area is obtained from the comparison result, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the destination of the original input information signal from which the identification information of the header area and the frame header area is obtained is determined whether the communication terminal belongs to the relay node formed by the example. Whether the communication terminal belongs to the relay node formed by the example shown in FIG. 2, whether the identification information of the relay frame header area and the frame header area is obtained. Then, it is determined whether or not it has arrived at the relay node formed by the example shown in FIG.
- the main management unit 18 changes the relay frame header area and the identification information of the frame header area according to the determination result as necessary, and sets the flag according to the determination result as the relay frame header area and A process to be added to the identification information of the frame header area is performed, and the relay frame header area and the identification information of the frame header area stored in the main memory unit 17 can be changed as necessary.
- a change process includes a process of reducing a numerical value represented by, for example, 200, for a budget that is one of identification information of the relay frame header area.
- the main management unit 18 outputs the identification information of the relay frame header area and the frame header area subjected to change processing as necessary as the processed identification information from the main memory unit 17 to the temporary memory unit 15. It shall be.
- the main memory unit 17 stores the identification information included in the storage framed data stored in the temporary memory unit 15 under the control operation of the main management unit 18, and organizes the information. Is stored in the history information database area as information, and the stored identification information or information that has undergone modification processing is sent to the temporary memory unit 15 as processed identification information. And the processed identification information is transferred to the temporary memory unit 15.
- the temporary management unit 16 performs main management in the intra-node header area stored in the temporary memory unit 15.
- the transferred processed identification information is arranged in the relay frame header area and the frame header area of the storage framed data to which identification information indicating that the section 18 is waiting for determination is added.
- the framing data for discharge constituting the frame including the header area in the node, the relay frame header area and the frame header area in which the processed identification information is arranged, and the information area in which the communication information is arranged is formed. Is done.
- the temporary management unit 16 configures a frame including the relay frame header area, the frame header area, and the information area by discarding the framed data for discharge according to the situation, with the header area in the node being discarded. It is assumed that the data is discharged from the temporary memory unit 15 used for the transmission processing to the frame processing unit 14 or discarded without being discharged to the frame processing unit 14.
- the temporary memory unit 15 temporarily stores the framed data for storage obtained from the frame processing unit 14 under the control operation of the temporary management unit 16, and the processed identification information is stored in the temporary memory unit 15.
- Temporary storage of the frame data for discharge that constitutes the frame including the relay frame header area and the frame header area and the information area where the communication information is distributed, and, depending on the situation, the frame for discharge The data is discharged to the frame processing unit 14 or discarded without being discharged to the frame processing unit 14 for use in the transmission processing.
- the frame processing unit 14 performs frame decomposition processing on the framing data for ejection, and outputs based on the framing data for ejection
- An information signal is obtained and supplied to one of the inter-communication terminal transmission / reception unit 12 and the inter-relay node transmission / reception units 13a to 13n according to the processed identification information included in the frame data for discharge.
- Any one of the communication terminals 12 between the communication terminals and the relay nodes 13a to 13 ⁇ , to which the output information signal is supplied forms an output communication signal based on the output information signal. It is transmitted to the communication terminal belonging to the relay node formed by the example shown in the above or to another relay node. That Thus, transmission of the framing data for discharge is performed.
- the operation control unit 20 that controls the temporary management unit 16 and the main management unit 18 is temporarily managed.
- Section 16 and main management section 18 control operations for temporary storage of storage framed data and discharge framed data in temporary memory section 15, and storage and storage of identification information in main memory section 17 and processed identification In addition to the control operation for information discharge, the following operations are performed. That is, the temporary management unit 16 and the main management unit 18 perform the following operations under the control of the operation control unit 20.
- Temporary management unit 16 determines the amount of storage framed data stored in temporary memory unit 15 at fixed time intervals by the number of frames of storage framed data (fixed length) with a measurement time set at fixed time intervals. In the case of frames) or the amount of data (in the case of variable-length frames), it is detected and the discharge amount of the framing data for discharge in the temporary memory unit 15 every fixed time is set every fixed time. Detected by measuring the number of frames (for fixed length frames) or the amount of data (for variable length frames). Then, storage amount data representing the measurement result of the number of frames or data amount of storage framed data at each measurement time is obtained, and the measurement result of the number of frames or data amount of discharge framed data at each measurement time.
- the storage / discharge amount data storage area provided in the temporary memory unit 15 is not provided, and is obtained by the temporary management unit 16 by the main management unit 18.
- the stored amount data and the discharged amount data may be directly stored in the state information database in the main memory unit 17 as state information.
- the main management unit 18 receives the received amount of the input communication signal (hereinafter simply referred to as the received amount) based on the storage amount data and the discharge amount data stored in the state information database in the main memory unit 17 as the state information. ) And the transmission amount for the output communication signal (hereinafter simply referred to as the transmission amount) That's it. ) As the reception amount count value and the transmission amount count value, each of which is set to a predetermined initial value, which is information stored in the state information database area in the main memory unit 17.
- the main management unit 18 sequentially compares the storage amount data in each of two consecutive measurement times, and the value represented by the preceding storage amount data is the next value.
- the received amount count value is decreased by 1.
- the received amount count is decreased. Increase the value by 1, and when the value indicated by the preceding storage amount data is the same as the value indicated by the next storage amount data, the reception amount count value is not changed. The obtained reception count value is obtained as the reception amount.
- the main management unit 18 sequentially compares the emission data at each of the two consecutive measurement times, and the value of the preceding emission data represents the next emission data.
- the transmission amount count value is decreased by 1.
- the transmission amount count value is decreased by 1.
- the transmission amount count value is not changed, and as a result, the transmission amount count value obtained every moment is changed. Obtained as the amount of transmission.
- the main management unit 18 compares the reception amount count value indicating the reception amount with the transmission amount count value indicating the transmission amount at regular time intervals, and obtains comparison result data representing the result of the comparison. It is assumed that it is stored in the state information database area in the main memory unit 17. Then, based on the comparison result data, the main management unit 18 receives an excessive reception state for the input communication signal, an excessive transmission state for the output communication signal, and a reception / transmission balance for the input communication signal and the output communication signal. The state is detected at regular intervals. In the state detection performed in this way, the main management unit 18 recognizes that the reception amount counter value is larger than the transmission amount counter value by the comparison result data, and recognizes that the reception amount is excessive.
- the comparison result data indicates that the reception amount counter value is smaller than the transmission amount counter value, it is recognized that there is an excessive transmission state.
- the counter value is equal to the transmission amount counter value, this is done by recognizing and recognizing that the reception and transmission are in equilibrium.
- the main management unit 18 records the overreception state, the overtransmission state, and the reception / transmission equilibrium state detected in this way in the balanced state count value placed in the count value area in the main memory unit 17. , 1 cumulative count value, 0 cumulative count value, _ 1 cumulative count value, and total cumulative count value. At that time, the equilibrium state count value is set to 1 when a reception excessive state is detected at a certain time, to 1 when a transmission excessive state is detected, and when a reception transmission equilibrium state is detected. 0. In addition, the 1 cumulative count value is a value obtained by accumulating the number of 1s taken by the equilibrium state count value every fixed time, and the 0 cumulative count value is taken by the equilibrium state count value every fixed time.
- the cumulative count value is assumed to be a value obtained by accumulating the number of 1s that the equilibrium state count value takes every fixed time, and the total cumulative count value is The value represented by (1 X 1 cumulative count value) + (—1 X _1 cumulative count value) at regular time intervals is taken.
- the equilibrium state count value is 0, 1, 1, 0, —1, —1, 1, —1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1.
- the cumulative count value is 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and the 0 cumulative count value is 1.
- 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, and —1 cumulative count value is 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3
- the total cumulative count values are 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively.
- a maximum count value taking a predetermined initial value is set.
- the main management unit 18 sets the maximum count value for the reception amount count value and the maximum count value for the transmission amount count value in accordance with detection of an excessive reception state or an excessive transmission state at regular intervals. While the sum is kept constant, one is decreased by, for example, 1 and the other is increased by, for example, 1 and is changed when a reception / transmission equilibrium state is detected.
- the change in the maximum count value with respect to the reception amount count value at every fixed minute time for example, 1, 0 or 1 1
- the change in the maximum count value with respect to the transmission amount count value at every fixed minute time for example, 1, 0 or ⁇ 1
- 1, 0 or ⁇ 1 is stored in the state information database area in the main memory unit 17.
- the transition of the change in these maximum count values depends on the received amount and the transmission. It is an effective indicator for confidence.
- the main management unit 18 and the temporary management unit 16 always obtain a certain amount of storage framed data storage amount and discharge framed data discharge amount in the temporary memory unit 15. Therefore, if the storage amount data and the discharge amount data indicate that the storage of the storage framed data for actual storage and the discharge of the framed data for discharge have not occurred in the temporary memory unit 15, dummy data As a result, for example, the reception amount count value and the transmission amount count value are maintained at about 80% of the maximum count value. However, dummy data storage and dummy data discharge is actually performed by increasing / decreasing the reception amount count value and transmission amount count value, and the maximum count value and transmission amount count value for the reception amount count value. It does not take part in the increase or decrease of the count value.
- the main management unit 18 and the temporary management unit 16 do not transmit the output communication signal based on the discharge of the dummy data from the temporary memory unit 15 to the communication terminal, and other relay nodes To be done against.
- the storage of dummy data and the discharge of dummy data in the temporary memory unit 15 are reduced as necessary with the increase in the storage of framed data for actual storage and the discharge of framed data for discharge, and further disappear.
- the main management unit 18 and the temporary management unit 16 detect an overreception state detected based on the comparison result data stored in the state information database area in the main memory unit 17.
- the total value within a predetermined time for the equilibrium state count value stored in the count value area in the main memory unit 17 obtained corresponding to the excessive transmission state and the reception / transmission equilibrium state is obtained. If the total value is positive, it is recognized as an excessive input state. If the total value after a predetermined time elapses, it is recognized as an output excessive state.If the total value after the predetermined time elapses, the input / output balanced state is detected. Certify. Then, the framed data for storage in the temporary memory unit 15 according to the recognized excessive input state, excessive output state, or input / output equilibrium state.
- the storage state of dummy data and the framed data for discharge or the discharge state of dummy data are controlled, and the following fluctuation stable state, stable high traffic volume, stable low traffic volume, temporary reception refusal state, temporary One of the various states including the state of automatic transmission rejection, the state of transmission / reception rejection, etc., and a state transition that is a transition to the other one are generated.
- the fluctuation stable state is a state in which a reception / transmission equilibrium state is established while the reception amount count value and the transmission amount count value increase / decrease within a predetermined range.
- the multi-transmission amount stable state is a state in which the reception / transmission equilibrium state is established with the reception amount count value and the transmission amount count value being relatively large.
- the low traffic amount stable state is a state in which the reception / transmission equilibrium state is established with the reception amount count value and the transmission amount count value being relatively small.
- the temporary reception refusal state is a state where input communication signals are not received temporarily, and a temporary failure has occurred (pseudo failure state). Input communication signals in the meantime are received by other relay nodes. The result will be relayed.
- the temporary transmission refusal state is a state where output communication signals are not transmitted temporarily, and is a state where a temporary failure has occurred (pseudo failure state).
- the transmission / reception refusal state is a state in which a communication failure has occurred, and dummy data is generated without receiving an input communication signal and transmitting an output communication signal.
- the main management unit 18 and the temporary management unit 16 that perform control that causes such state transition predict the progress of the excessive reception state or the excessive transmission state, and input communication according to the prediction result. It causes a state where reception of signals or transmission of output communication signals is suppressed. Then, when a plurality of relay nodes formed by the example shown in FIG. 2 provided with the main management unit 18 and the temporary management unit 16 are arranged, and those adjacent to each other are placed in an interconnected state, A new communication network such as a communication network including the relay nodes 1 la to 1 li shown in FIG. 1 is configured. For such a communication network, the amount of information obtained by determining the amount of communication information traffic that flows to each relay node, making quantitative judgments, and making quantitative predictions.
- the traffic of communication information flowing to each relay node is controlled according to the target judgment result and the quantitative prediction result. As a result, the level of communication information traffic over the entire communication network is leveled, and the communication information traffic at a specific relay node is reduced. Inconvenience caused by bottlenecks caused by the concentration of Fick S, reliably and effectively avoided.
- a plurality of relay nodes formed by the example shown in FIG. 2 provided with the main management unit 18 and the temporary management unit 16 are arranged, and those adjacent to each other are placed in an interconnected state, With the communication network configured, the main management unit 18 and the temporary management unit 16 in each of the relay nodes formed by the example shown in FIG. 2, that is, the main management in the example shown in FIG. 2 forming each relay node.
- the unit 18 and the temporary management unit 16 perform the following functions in addition to the functions described above under the control of the operation control unit 20.
- the main management unit 18 in the relay node (the relay node) provided with the main management unit 18 and the temporary management unit 16 stores history information stored in the history information database area in the main memory unit 17, or From the state information stored in the state information database area in the main memory unit 17, the number of other relay nodes adjacent to the relay node: NB is detected.
- the number of other adjacent relay nodes from the history information: NB detection is performed as follows.
- Each relay node transmits and receives an output communication signal (hereinafter referred to as a HELO signal) based on the framing data for discharge in which identification information (ID) unique to each relay node is arranged in the relay frame header area. Transmit through parts 13a to 13n.
- ID identification information
- each relay node receives the HELO signal transmitted by another relay node as an input communication signal through the inter-relay node transmitting / receiving units 13a to 13 ⁇
- the HELO signal from the other relay node should be transferred. It is transmitted as a communication signal through the inter-relay node transmitting / receiving units 13a to 13n.
- each relay node transmits its own HELO signal, it receives the own HELO signal transferred by the other relay node that has received it.
- the reception record of the self HELO signal of another relay node is stored as history information stored in the history information database area in the main memory unit 17.
- whether or not the received self-HELO signal comes directly from another relay node based on the numerical value represented by the budget distributed in the relay frame header area of the storage framed data based on it. Judging.
- the received signal is stored as history information stored in the history information database area in the main memory unit 17 as a self HELO signal from another adjacent relay node.
- NB The number of other relay nodes adjacent to the state information: NB is detected as follows.
- Each relay node transmits its own HELO signal through the inter-relay node transmission / reception units 13a to 13n as described above, and relays its own HELO signal transferred by other relay nodes that have received it. Received through the inter-node transceivers 13a to 13n. Then, the reception record of the own HELO signal of the other relay node is saved as history information stored in the history information database area in the main memory unit 17, and further, the reception of the own HELO signal of each other relay node is received. The number of times is stored as state information stored in the state information database area in the main memory unit 17.
- the number of receptions of the self HELO signal from a relay node that is not adjacent to the relay node is determined based on the number of receptions of the self HELO signal from the relay node that is not adjacent to the relay node. The number of reception of the self HELO signal is higher.
- the main management unit 18 in the relay node performs its own HELO from each of the other relay nodes stored as the state information stored in the state information database area in the main memory unit 17. From the number of signal receptions, identify the relay node that receives the HELO signal reception number within a certain time within a specified value, and identify them as other adjacent relay nodes. Number of: NB is detected.
- the main management unit 18 stores and stores the number of other adjacent relay nodes detected as described above: NB in the state information database area in the main memory unit 17 as state information. And [0073] Number of other adjacent relay nodes: In addition to the detection of the NB, the main management unit 18 uses, for example, the equilibrium state count value placed in the count value area in the main memory unit 17 as a random number seed. Pseudo random number: N-ran is generated. The generation of this pseudo-random number: N-ran is, for example, from _ 1 to 0 when the above-mentioned equilibrium state count value S, which takes the three values of 1, 0 and 1, becomes 0 for each counter clock.
- N-ran is continuously performed continuously as the equilibrium state count value is obtained, and the main management unit 18 generates the generated pseudorandom number: N-ran.
- N-ran are stored in the random number area in the main memory unit 17 as data that is sequentially rewritten.
- the main management unit 18 uses the temporary management unit 16 to communicate the intra-node header area, the relay frame header area in which the processed identification information is arranged, the frame header area, and the temporary memory unit 15.
- the storage amount data stored in the state information database in the main memory unit 17 and the discharge are obtained as the state information.
- the number of other relay nodes adjacent to the volume data Using NB, the discard probability for each frame of the frame data for discharge: P-drop or the transmission probability: P-send Probability: Find P-delay.
- the discard probability: P_drop or the transmission probability: P-send and the delay probability: P-delay for each frame of the frame data for discharge are determined by the following method, for example.
- Tin (tn) is stored in the state information database in the main memory unit 17 as state information
- the number of other adjacent relay nodes received amount divided by the NB : Find Tin (tn) / NB.
- the maximum transmission amount Tmax ( tn) (Maximum transmission amount Tmax (tn) takes a positive value) and set the relationship 0 ⁇ Tin (tn) / NB ⁇ Tmax (tn).
- fA (NB) e—NB
- fB (NB) l / NB
- P (tn) Ave [fA (NB) + fB (NB)] to the probability: P (tn).
- Ave [fA (NB) + fB (NB)] represents the average of fA (NB) and fB (NB).
- the time point: t0 is, for example, the time point when the relay node is in a state where the operation power is turned on and the input communication signal is not yet received from another relay node. It is said. Then, the time point at which the discard probability or transmission probability for performing the discard determination or transmission determination for the frame of the discharge framed data to be described later is required, and the frame of the discharge framed data to be described later as well.
- the time when the delay probability for the delay setting is required is the time: ty.
- Probabilities sequentially stored in the probability information area in the memory part 17 P (tO), P (tl), P (t2), P (t3), ⁇ , P (tm), ⁇ P (tx) corresponding to the time is taken out and set as the discard probability: P-dr op, or 1—P (tx) is obtained from the extracted P (tx) and set as the transmission probability: P-send. Also, P (ty) corresponding to the time is taken out and set as a delay probability: P_delay.
- the discard probability: P-drop is obtained as the probability: P (tx) or the transmission probability: P_send is obtained as the probability: l_P (tx), and the delay probability: P-delay is Probability: It is calculated as P (ty). Then, the discard probability: P-drop or transmission probability: P-send and delay probability: P-delay determined by the main management unit 18 are supplied to the temporary management unit 16 as necessary.
- the drop probability: P_drop or the transmission probability: P_send and the delay probability: P_delay are obtained, and the temporary management unit 16 obtains the drop probability obtained by the main management unit 18 and supplies it: P-drop or transmission probability: P_send and delay probability: P_delay, and pseudo random number supplied from the random number area in the main memory unit 17 read by the main management unit 18: Temporary memory unit based on N-ran Discard processing control or transmission processing control is performed for the frame of the framed data for discharge obtained in step 15.
- discard probability: P-drop or transmission probability: P-send and pseudo-random number: N-ran are used to form a frame for discharge.
- a discard decision or a transmission decision is performed on the data frame.
- the discard probability is P-drop force S0% or the transmission probability is P-send force ⁇ 100%, the frame of the output framed data is transmitted reliably. Determined to be power.
- the discard probability: P-drop is 100% or the transmission probability is P-send force, it is determined that the frame of the frame data for discharge should be surely discarded.
- the random number is a random number that takes a binary value of 1 or 0 that is N-ran.
- Discard probability: P_drop or transmission probability: P-send that is greater than 0% and less than 100% is retrieved at the preset retrieval time corresponding to P-send. This extraction time is set to be longer as the drop probability: P_drop or the transmission probability: P_send is larger.
- the delay probability: P-delay is used and the frame is to be transmitted A transmission delay time is set when transmitting the frame of the frame data for discharge determined to be.
- a predetermined shortest delay time (may be zero) is set, and the delay probability: P-
- the delay probability: P- When delay is 100%, a predetermined longest delay time is set, and when the delay probability: P-delay exceeds 0% and less than 100%, the delay probability: P- Delay time force according to delay Longer than a predetermined minimum delay time It is set as a time shorter than a predetermined longest delay time.
- the frame of the framing data to be discarded determined to be discarded by the discard determination or the transmission determination is, for example, a discard flag that is identification information indicating the discard in the header area in the node and the discard determination or the transmission determination. Is given a determination flag, which is identification information indicating that the process has ended, and is subjected to a disposal process by the temporary management unit 16.
- the frame of the discharge framing data determined to be transmitted by the discard determination or the transmission determination is delayed by the transmission delay time set by the transmission delay time setting.
- the intra-node header area is discarded and the relay frame header area, the frame header area, and the information area are configured to be discharged from the temporary memory unit 15 to be used for transmission processing to the frame processing unit 14. It is supposed to be discharged by the temporary management department16. Then, the output communication signal power based on the frame data for discharge is transmitted through any one of the relay node transmitting / receiving units 13a to 13n. As a result, transmission is performed for the frame of the framing data for discharge that is determined to be transmitted.
- Such discard processing control or transmission processing control for each frame of the framing data for discharge obtained in the temporary memory unit 15 by the temporary management unit 16 is as shown in FIG. 4, for example. To be done.
- the frame a of the framing data for discharge is formed in the temporary memory unit 15, and the discard probability thereof is P-drop force S0%. Then, it is determined that it should be reliably transmitted in the discard determination.
- the delay probability: P-delay for frame a that is determined to be transmitted reliably is 60%
- the delay probability: 60 of P-delay is set in the delay time setting for frame a.
- Delay time dt60 corresponding to% is set.
- the operation control unit 20 is stored in the temporary management unit 16 and the main management unit 18 in the state information database area in the main memory unit 17.
- the discard probability or transmission probability and delay probability for each frame of data, and control the discard or transmission for each frame of frame data for discharge based on the discard probability or transmission probability and delay probability.
- FIG. 1 In this way, in a communication network in which a plurality of relay nodes formed by the example shown in FIG. 2 are arranged and adjacent to each other are in an interconnected state, FIG.
- Each of the relay nodes formed according to the example shown receives the input communication signal, obtains storage framed data, and forms the discharge framed data based on the storage framed data.
- Information or history information and status information are used to determine the discard probability or transmission probability and delay probability for each frame of the framed data for discharge, and the discard probability or transmission probability and delay probability are obtained.
- Processing or transmission processing is performed.
- the carrier sense associated with the CSMAZCA method is not performed, and further, RTS and CTS transmission / reception associated with the MARCH method or CTS transmission / reception is performed.
- the output communication signal can be relayed and transmitted through the inter-relay node transmission / reception unit without causing collision of radio waves on the communication channel that does not require transmission / reception of control information.
- the example shown in FIG. 2 has the advantages that the wireless mesh network originally has, and in addition, for example, does not perform carrier sense associated with the CSMA / CA method, and also accompanies the MARCH method.
- Multiple wireless communication networks that can reliably and effectively avoid collision of radio waves on communication channels that do not require transmission / reception of control information such as transmission / reception of RTS and CTS or transmission / reception of CTS This can be used for forming each of the relay nodes.
- FIG. 5 shows communication from a transmission source to a transmission destination in each of a number of relay nodes constituting the communication network, for example, a communication network formed by the example shown in FIG. 2 described above.
- An example of a signal relay state is conceptually shown.
- the communication terminal TE1 is the transmission source
- the other communication terminal TE2 is the transmission destination
- communication from the transmission source communication terminal TE1 to the transmission destination communication terminal TE2 is performed. Is called.
- Communication terminal TE1 and a plurality of relay nodes arranged relatively close to it belong to the same node group. Hereinafter, such a node group is referred to as a cloud.
- the cloud to which the above-mentioned communication terminal TE1 and a plurality of relay nodes arranged relatively close to it belong is cloud Cs.
- the plurality of relay nodes in the cloud Cs recognize each other, and sequentially relay and spread the communication signal from the transmission terminal TE1.
- the budget distributed in the relay frame header area of the framed data corresponding to the communication signal from the transmission source communication terminal TE1 has an initial value of 1 000 and is 200 every time it passes through the relay node. Only reduced.
- the outer edge of the cloud Cs is partitioned by, for example, a relay node that transmits a communication signal based on framed data with a budget of 0 toward the outside.
- a plurality of relay nodes at the outer edge of the cloud Cs serve as a pseudo-source that is spread outside the cloud Cs.
- Such a communication state in cloud Cs is called a diffusion phase state.
- a plurality of relay nodes that serve as pseudo-transmission sources at the outer edge of the cloud Cs belong to the relay node group GN following the cloud Cs, and communicate with the communication terminal TE1 of the transmission source. Relay the signal to multiple relay nodes in the relay node group GN. The relay node group GN spreads until it reaches the cloud Cr to which the destination communication terminal TE2 and a plurality of relay nodes located at relatively close positions belong. A plurality of relay nodes that belong to both the relay node group GN and the cloud Cr and divide the outer edge of the cloud Cr serve as pseudo-transmission destinations.
- a relay signal transmission state (transmission) and a non-transmission state regarding a communication signal from the communication terminal TE1 of the transmission source are determined.
- communication signals from the communication terminal TE1 of the transmission source are transmitted according to the probability until they reach a plurality of relay nodes that function as the pseudo transmission destination from a plurality of relay nodes that function as the pseudo transmission source.
- Relay in order to infiltrate communications is that the probability of arrival of the communication signal from the communication terminal TE1 of the transmission source to the pseudo transmission destination is increased.
- Such a communication state in the relay node group GN is called a percolation phase state.
- Relay node group A plurality of relay nodes that belong to both GN and cloud Cr and serve as pseudo-destination at the outer edge of cloud Cr are the communication of the communication terminal TE1 of the source Relay the signal to multiple relay nodes in the cloud Cr.
- the plurality of relay nodes in the cloud Cr recognize each other and successively relay the communication signal from the transmission source communication terminal TE1 to the transmission destination communication terminal TE2.
- Such a communication state in the cloud Cr is called a convergence phase state.
- the communication signal from the source communication terminal TE1 is the state of the spreading phase in the cloud Cs, the state of the penetration phase in the relay node group GN, and It is assumed that the destination communication terminal TE2 is reached through the state of the convergence phase in cloud Cr.
- the communication signal from the source communication terminal TE1 is the state of the spreading phase in the cloud Cs, the state of the penetration phase in the relay node group GN, and It is assumed that the destination communication terminal TE2 is reached through the state of the convergence phase in cloud Cr.
- the communication apparatus as described above has advantages over the advantages of the conventional wireless mesh network, and in addition to that, without performing carrier sense, transmission / reception of RTS and CTS or CTS It is possible to reliably and effectively avoid radio wave collision on a communication channel that does not require transmission / reception of control information such as transmission / reception, and to provide each of a plurality of relay nodes that can construct a new communication network. It can be widely applied to communication networks.
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US11/885,942 US7787475B2 (en) | 2005-03-28 | 2006-03-20 | Apparatus for processing a received signal in a communication network |
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US9191097B2 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-11-17 | Intel Corporation | Techniques for transmitting data via relay communication links |
CZ306142B6 (cs) | 2013-08-26 | 2016-08-17 | Microrisc S. R. O. | Způsob potvrzování zpráv a/nebo sběru dat komunikačních zařízení s paketovým přenosem zpráv v bezdrátových mesh sítích a způsob zpřístupnění tohoto potvrzování a sběru dat pro vytvoření generické platformy |
CN103763076B (zh) * | 2014-02-21 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆邮电大学 | 车载自组织网络中基于异步多信道的协作mac协议实现方法 |
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KR100267532B1 (ko) * | 1997-12-30 | 2000-10-16 | 서평원 | 에이티엠 통신단말에서의 에이티엠 인터페이스 모듈 |
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US6829248B1 (en) * | 1999-03-08 | 2004-12-07 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Integrated switching segmentation and reassembly (SAR) device |
US7508758B1 (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2009-03-24 | Nokia Corporation | Method and system to transmit and/or receive information between network elements |
US6490296B2 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-12-03 | Symmetricom, Inc. | Multi-link segmentation and reassembly for bonding multiple PVC's in an inverse multiplexing arrangement |
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