WO2006090060A1 - Capteur solaire hybride thermique et photovoltaique - Google Patents
Capteur solaire hybride thermique et photovoltaique Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006090060A1 WO2006090060A1 PCT/FR2006/000397 FR2006000397W WO2006090060A1 WO 2006090060 A1 WO2006090060 A1 WO 2006090060A1 FR 2006000397 W FR2006000397 W FR 2006000397W WO 2006090060 A1 WO2006090060 A1 WO 2006090060A1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
- F24D11/003—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system combined with solar energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/25—Solar heat collectors using working fluids having two or more passages for the same working fluid layered in direction of solar-rays, e.g. having upper circulation channels connected with lower circulation channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
- F24S10/502—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates having conduits formed by paired plates and internal partition means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/40—Preventing corrosion; Protecting against dirt or contamination
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/40—Preventing corrosion; Protecting against dirt or contamination
- F24S40/42—Preventing condensation inside solar modules
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/50—Preventing overheating or overpressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/70—Preventing freezing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/10—Materials for heat-exchange conduits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/50—Preventing overheating or overpressure
- F24S40/53—Preventing overheating or overpressure by venting solar heat collector enclosures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
- Y02A40/963—Off-grid food refrigeration
- Y02A40/966—Powered by renewable energy sources
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for capturing solar radiation capable of simultaneously converting a small fraction of this radiation into electrical energy and the rest of this radiation into thermal energy thus making available electricity and heat at the same time. time and using the same solar panel surface. It also allows to produce only thermal energy of course.
- the thermal energy produced is transferred to a coolant, gaseous or liquid.
- the device according to the invention can, in certain embodiments, allow the liquid coolant to be replaced by the gaseous coolant and vice versa as required in a few minutes.
- Other embodiments allow a fraction of the solar radiation to illuminate the room while capturing the remaining fraction.
- the sensor according to the invention to incorporate the heating radiator function in winter and cold half season while producing hot water in other seasons.
- the device is applicable in particular but not exclusively:
- Heating by hot air in winter in two ways: l) Preheating the cold air ventilation and this even at night in the winter by recovering some of the heat that is lost through the roof or walls for example. 2) The sun is lower in winter and half-season, we can choose for some days to use the optimal energy: for example, use the energy available on a winter day to increase the warm water temperature of 4 ° C is 10 ° increase the air temperature of the room with the same energy of the day. It is also possible to use the sensors to heat the water only during the maximum hours of sunshine and to use the sensors to heat the air during the hours of sunlight (morning and mid-afternoon). lunch for example). By sharing the same sensor surface in two circuits, it is possible to have both forms of use: hot water and hot air as needed or all hot water or all hot air.
- the cooling of premises by supplying the necessary thermal energy either in the form of hot air to a device implementing, for example, desiccant cooling technology (DEC) which directly uses hot air, or in the form of Hot water.
- DEC desiccant cooling technology
- the device according to the invention provides at least one part electrical energy required especially for the circulation of air.
- the ability to combine a cell plate photovoltaic and a treated metal plate to effectively absorb solar radiation is due to the fact that a photovoltaic cell has a sensitivity to solar radiation that does not cover all of this radiation but only a fraction of this radiation and the fraction of the spectrum of solar radiation used by the photovoltaic cell depends on the semiconductor material of which it is made.
- the most widely used material currently being silicon the fraction of the spectrum of solar radiation useful to the cell is mostly below 800 nm, the entire solar spectrum extending between 300 and 2500 ⁇ m. which the photovoltaic cell is not sensitive is either transformed into heat or transmitted (the photovoltaic cell layer is transparent and does not do anything about it).
- the photovoltaic cell layer is transparent and does not do anything about it.
- Double glazing incorporating a Venetian blind between the two glass plates, blind based tilting slats and lift are currently sold on the market. These double glazings constitute an adjustable sunscreen using only the space between the glass masks.
- the implementation requires precise stress calculations in each case of installation given the high temperatures generated between the two plates in a strictly defined air volume.
- a first problem to solve is to mobilize the necessary area in sufficient amount of solar energy.
- solar collectors are usually attached to buildings and rarely to insulated supports of buildings. Mobilizable surfaces (exposed to the south and without masks) of buildings to use solar energy are rare and difficult to access: roof, wall, glazed surfaces.
- productivity of mobilizable surfaces several functions for the same mobilized surface.
- the applicant has set a goal of designing a solar panel sensor whose operating mode is new, based on a combination of means intended to constitute a universal sensor providing improvements in efficiency, reliability, reliability and reliability. cost of manufacturing and recovering solar energy by multiplying the forms of energy made available from solar radiation by the same sensor surface, including in this combination of means the method and the device for transferring the solar energy. energy to the fluid to be dispensed.
- the main improvement is to allow the optimal use of solar energy whatever the mobilizable location (exposed to the South or taking advantage of diffuse radiation in the other directions) and to increase the number of services rendered by the sensors by multiplying the functionalities they can provide: hot water production, hot air generation, electricity generation and other forms of solar energy use, from solar energy and from energy sources. same sensor surfaces installed, used at the same time (example hot water and photo voltaic electricity) or alternatively (example production of hot air and production of hot water) by each of the functionalities.
- the first relates to the sensors completely blocking the passage of light and intended for locations in which daylight is not used, if only for the first time.
- the second allowing the passage of light more or less according to the expected optimization in the use of solar energy.
- the applicant came up with the idea of designing a pl: g? Sensor, whose basic structure makes it possible to use solar energy to produce electricity and at the same time to heat a coolant, either a liquid for example water is a gas for example air.
- the tilting between the two fluids can be triggered in the operational phase according to an automatic programming of the regulation or by manual triggering and taking only a few minutes.
- the basic structure according to the invention which can be implemented both in sensors completely blocking the passage of light as in those which allow it to pass more or less, is characterized in that: ;
- the box (2) for capturing the solar radiation (FIG. 2a) consists of two parallel plates on either side of a metal frame, enclosing a space between them.
- the metal frame comprises, on its upper side, a U-shaped section (9) (FIG. 2a or FIG. 13a) allowing both the attachment of the two plates and the evacuation of a coolant (4) (FIG. 2a). or Figure 13a).
- the caisson (2) (FIG. 2a) makes it possible to circulate water (or another transparent liquid) in the space enclosed between the two plates.
- a supply duct (6) ( Figure 2a or Figure 13b) serves several boxes.
- the device for the air outlet and entry into the sensor circuit is characterized in that the rigid tube (8) ( Figure 2a or 13b) joins the technical room.
- the device in the technical room comprises, for example, a tank half filled with fresh kept water (110) ( Figure 14a).
- the duct (8) from the caissons enters this reservoir (106) (FIG. 14a) up to 5 cm from the bottom of this reservoir in the water-containing portion.
- a device (105) FIG. 14a
- the tank is equipped with an evacuation allowing the exit of air or steam in case of overpressure.
- a device (107) (FIG.
- the circuit When filling the boxes when it is switched on, the circuit can be opened by a specific valve. If the water temperature of the tank exceeds a certain threshold, for example 40 ° C, and the overpressure exceeds the threshold B, the compressor is triggered. If all these processes fail simultaneously, the device opening the circuit in the open air output (107) ( Figure 14a) is triggered.
- a certain threshold for example 40 ° C
- the overpressure exceeds the threshold B
- the device for dispensing hot water from the caissons via the conduit (5) (FIG. 10) is characterized in that:
- the conduit (5) (FIG. 10) conveys the water heated by the sensors into an insulated tank ( 63) (FIG. 10), from where it always flows by gravity to the pump (66) (FIG. 10) which pushes it back into the storage tank (70) (FIG. 10) through an exchanger (FIG. 68) ( Figure 10) in which it loses the stored heat, then it is raised vtft the sensors by the pump through the conduit (6) ( Figure 10) and the cycle begins again.
- the water contained in the sensors can be drained into a dedicated heat sink (63).
- the control is programmed to 1) stop the pump (66), 2) switch the two-way valve (69) (figure 10) to the drain position.
- the water of the sensors then borrows the supply duct (3) ( Figure 13b) and the duct (6) ( Figure 10) to empty into the insulated tank (63) ( Figure 10) the flow taking place by gravity . If the operating mode is to drain every night, and the water temperature of the tank (63) ( Figure 10) during the night is above a certain threshold to that of the distribution tank (70) ( Figure 10) the control triggers the pump (66) ( Figure 10).
- the water in the tank (63) (FIG. 10) then circulates in the exchanger (68) (FIG. 10) to transfer its heat to the water of the distribution tank (70) (FIG. 10).
- the control stops the pump (66) (FIG. 10).
- a second threshold for example 2 ° C.
- the control stops the pump (66) (FIG. 10).
- the control will restart the water circuit in the sensors: 1) the two-way valve is closed, 2) the pump (66) is triggered.
- a valve (51) (FIG. 9) for adjusting the water flow rate is installed on the water supply pipe (5) of several sensors, or on the supply pipe (3) (FIG. 13b) according to the configuration of the installation. This makes it possible to adjust the flow rate of water supplying each sensor as a function of the gravity flow rate of the sensor and the pressure of the supply circuit at this sensor by taking a margin taking into account possible overruns of the sensor. circuit pressure.
- a valve (52) (FIG. 10) situated at the highest level in a set of elementary modules makes it possible to evacuate an excess of flow notammenf or the installation, when the flow of water in the different rows of sensors is in course of adjustment. The evacuation of this excess flow borrows a specific duct (53) connected to the general exhaust manifold ( ⁇ ).
- the water supply mode of the sensors can also be constituted by a heat insulating tank (not shown) located higher than all the sensors. This tank is itself fed by the pump (66) ( Figure 10) in a conduit specific to the tank. It is then from this reservoir and by gravity flow that the water borrows the duct (6) for feeding the sensors.
- the pressure is always constant at each sensor and the water inlet flow rate in a given sensor is adjusted according to the pressure at the inlet of this sensor, once during the installation of the sensors without modification. thereafter. , ⁇
- the circuit conduits are preferably made of a material making it possible to prevent the deposition of cross-linked polycarbonate limestone. example resistant to heat up to 90 ° C.
- Other adaptations at the level of the exchanger would allow greater durability as well as a system for filtering and treating water circuit which is initially demineralized water and treated accordingly for this use.
- the dehumidification system ( Figure 14b) is placed somewhere in the circuit (l 12)
- the dehumidification product (111) (FIG. 14b) is, for example, a silica gel that can be regenerated by heat when it is saturated with water (heat supplied by a device using the greenhouse effect, for example).
- the regeneration phase evaporates moisture from the dehumidification product that exits through a pipe (l 14) ( Figure 14b).
- Double circuit glazing of this type does not need to contain a desiccant in their interlayer and their durability to maintain dry air is limitless since the dehumidification system is regenerated. They can therefore be dehumidified even after being filled with water.
- the dehumidification system can be provided by a dehumidification device on the market providing condensation of the water vapor contained in the sensor circuit.
- the communication system with atmospheric pressure comprises an air or vapor outlet system (107) and 108) (FIG. 14a) and an air intake system (105) (FIG. 14a) which only work in one direction.
- a small compressor (108) ( Figure 14a) for example allows the steam to be recovered and reintroduced into the circuit in liquid form by passing it in a condenser optionally.
- the originality of the invention also lies in the mode of capture of solar energy according to the two major branches of variants, obscuring or not the passage of light after capture more or less effective solar energy.
- the originality of the invention also lies in the ability of the sensor to incorporate features provided until now by specific devices such as the radiator function or that of glazed surface passing light.
- the sensor consists of a sheet metal housing whose surface is treated to withstand bad weather.
- the housing is rectangular in shape, the width being very much less than the length, for example one meter on two poor, and the thickness even smaller compared to the other two dimensions.
- the sensor is preferably intended to be; positioned horizontally on one side of its length, and inclined to the horizon line from 15 ° to 90 ° depending on the application and the latitude of the installation or the inclination of the existing support.
- the housing is open on its upper face facing south and it incorporates on its blanks and on the rear part an insulating material (10) (Figure 2a).
- the upper part of the housing has flanges covering the insulating material of the upper part of the housing.
- the sensor comprises two chambers covering the absorber and transparent to solar radiation which passes through them to reach the surface of the absorber.
- the first chamber (13) is delimited by an outer glazed plate (15) on the one hand and a second transparent plate (14) on the inside of the sensor.
- the outer glass plate is attached to the rims of the sensor housing preferably by a high temperature silicone gasket.
- the second chamber is delimited by the surface of the absorber (17) and by the second transparent plate (14).
- This second chamber is, for example, consists of a planar box fixed on the rear part of the housing by feet (not shown) passing through the insulating layer (l ⁇ ).
- the box is for example made of a frame in the form of stainless steel profiles.
- the profile of the right, left and bottom blanks is in the form of a stair step (29) while the top profile is constituted by the assembly of two profiles (inside (9) reinforced U-shaped and externally (30) fastened to each other by screws each passing through a cylinder for providing a space (8) between the two sections, the transparent plate (14), made of glass, for example, is fixed on the edges of the profiles (29) and (30) by a high temperature plicone seal, or other method of sealing.
- the absorber (17) consists of a special glass plate absorbing near infrared radiation (between 800 and 1400 nm and beyond) resting on rods, for example metal (18), forming a frame around the absorber.
- the rods (18) define a third chamber (25) between the absorber (17) and the bottom of the box (24). This third chamber (25) communicates with the second chamber (20) through passages in the rods (18) of the top and bottom of the sensor.
- the bottom of the box (24) is a plate of photovoltaic cells receiving UV radiation and visible solar radiation, covered by a layer of glass or other transparent material having a heat transfer coefficient as high as possible.
- the photovoltaic cell plate (24) is fixed by gluing or any other fixing means to the sections of the box (12) to seal the third chamber (20).
- the two electrically conductive wires (26) issuing from the photovoltaic cell plate are sheathed with insulating material and are connected to the electrical network cable along the water circuit conduits.
- the air contained therein can freely escape through the space between the U-profile (9) and the outer profile (30).
- the circuit is always in communication with the atmospheric pressure, which eliminates any risk of overpressure. This circuit does not need an expansion tank.
- the water heats up in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the absorber (17) and in contact with the upper surface of the photo voltaic cell plate (24).
- the water heats up by absorbing infrared solar radiation beyond 1400nm and for this the total water thickness of the second and third chambers (20) and (25) must be at least one centimeter of water. .
- the air circuit
- Another variant makes it possible to alternately use air or water as heat transfer fluid on the same sensor surface according to the invention.
- two additional chambers one for the air flow entering the sensors (31) and the other for the evacuation of the air leaving the sensors (32) are added under the third chamber (25).
- Communication between the air inlet chamber (31) and the chambers (20) and (25) takes place through the space (8) between the U-profile (9) and the outer profile (30).
- the air inlet chamber (31) communicates with the chambers (20) and (24) by the clearance (8) only on the right half of the sensor as shown in FIG.
- the air outlet chamber (32) of the sensor communicates with the chamber in which the absorber is located only by the left half of the sensor.
- rods (11), for example, made of a good heat-conducting metal, are arranged vertically on the surface of the absorber (FIG. 7), these rods in contact with the absorber (17) allow it to be wedged while leaving a clearance allowing its dilation.
- FIG. 9 The device for blowing and extracting air from a set of sensors as well as the circulation of air inside this set of sensors is shown in FIG. 9.
- a general air inlet duct (47) opens at the bottom right of a set of sensors in the arrival chamber (31) of the sensor which is above it.
- the extraction of the air from the same set of sensors takes a line (44) leading to the top left of the same set of sensors in the air outlet chamber (32) of the sensor just above it.
- the air is extracted by a fan located on the air outlet line of the sensors (44).
- the air inlet (47) in the sensors is preferably connected to a filter through which the fresh outside air to be preheated for the renewal of the air of the room, there is incompatibility of simultaneous operation of the circuit d water and the air circuit on the same sensor surface.
- the tilting in air circuit by the regulation consists of: 1) triggering the water drain of the sensors as indicated above , 2) to start the fan operation.
- the opposite operation is to 1) stop the fan, 2) trigger the water circulation as indicated above.
- the air can also and simultaneously be blown into the sensors by a fan through the inlet (47) while being extracted from the same sensors by the outlet (44) through a second fan.
- a hybrid sensor incorporates a slat system, for example (95) (FIG. 13a) according to the principle of a venetian blind.
- the surface of the slats is covered with a black colored layer capable of absorbing solar radiation. This makes it possible to choose precisely the fraction of solar energy dedicated to the production of hot water or hot air depending on the heat transfer fluid used and that dedicated to the production of electricity.
- the slats also serve as an absorber for heating the air when this fluid is the coolant.
- the slats are arranged alternately close to the rear window or close front window ⁇ ⁇ n that the air layer is in contact with the surfaces of all the slats (not shown) ( Figure 7).
- hybrid sensor incorporates photovoltaic cells in the lamellae themselves (for example bi-glass PV cells, the flexible electrical cables of the PV cells being fixed regularly to the scale (92) (FIG. 13a) of the system. slat suspension).
- the bottom plate is then an absorber covered with a layer of E.T.F.E.
- Ethylene Tetrafluor Ethylene or one of its derivatives or an equivalent product, black and having non-adhering properties.
- the opening more or less large slats here also allows choose between the fraction of solar energy to be devoted to thermal and that to be devoted to photovoltaics.
- the back plate of the box is no longer isolated from the interior of the room and it heats it directly by P réelleWaire.
- circuit of this type of sensor as a circuit of radiators in winter, by connecting it to a conventional heating system (preferably with a boiler whose heating body is made of stainless steel and the pipes of polycarbonates crosslinked for example). This allows you to take advantage of solar radiation for heating in winter and produce electricity (with a 20% reduction in PV cell performance), while gaining a new location in the walls for solar collectors.
- a conventional heating system preferably with a boiler whose heating body is made of stainless steel and the pipes of polycarbonates crosslinked for example.
- the fans, the pump and the regulation can be supplied with electricity by the photovoltaic cell plates thus making the system totally autonomous.
- a sensor of this type is characterized in that the two plates are made of metal.
- the top plate is treated to selectively absorb solar radiation onto its solar-exposed surface (7) (Fig. 2a).
- An air gap (13) (Fig. 2a) serves as an insulator and a generator of solar radiation. tight.
- the sensor is isolated (10) ( Figure 2a).
- the back plate of the box When this plate is retracted, the back plate of the box is no longer isolated from the interior of the room and it heats it directly by solar energy.
- a conventional heating system preferably with a boiler whose heating body is made of stainless steel and the ducts crosslinked polycarbonates for example.
- This additional heating makes it possible to supplement the solar energy supply to reach a water temperature suitable for heating (up to 65 ° C for example). This allows you to take advantage of solar radiation for heating in winter and produce electricity, while gaining a new location in the walls for solar collectors (which simply take the place of existing radiators).
- Another series of variants produced according to the same basic technology of the invention, consists of double glazing in which water can flow.
- the water penetrates, for example, through a tube at the bottom left (3) ( Figure 13b), fills the space between the two glass plates and out through the top right tube.
- the upper left tube (8) ( Figure 13b) serves as an air duct in contact with the atmospheric pressure.
- this double glazing may comprise, between the two glass plates, slats (95) (FIG. 13a) of Venetian blind, which can be raised or not and tilted, the surface of which is black.
- the coverslip is made of metal coated with a black composite based on E.T.F.E (Ethylene Tetrafluor Ethylene) or one of its derivatives or an equivalent product, or other coating absorbing solar radiation and little adherent.
- This double glazing can be isolated from the outside by an air gap (13) (Figure 13a) of about 28 mm, by adding a third glass plate to the outside (15) ( Figure 13a).
- an air gap located at the rear (101) (FIG. 13a) isolates it from the interior of the room.
- the backplate (102) (Fig. 13a) may be either a fixed glass plate, a movable glass plate (such as a sliding door), or a transparent polycarbonate film or E.T.F.E. rollable. If this plate (102) ( Figure 13a) is closed, there will be more production of hot water and the room is isolated from the heat of the sun, which is useful in summer. If this plate (102) ( Figure 13a) is retracted, the room takes advantage of the heat of the sun and warms which can be useful in winter. The slats can be closed completely, allow to hide the view from outside the room.
- FIG. 13a Another variant of this double glazing, when the plate (102) (FIG. 13a) is movable (in the form of a sliding glass plate or of an extiiple-rollable transparent film) can also be used as a RADIATORS circuit in winter, by connecting it to a heating system of a new kind: either a conventional heating system and an exchanger adapted so that there is no deposit of limestone or other salt, or a direct conventional heating system (preferably with a boiler whose heating body is made of stainless steel and the cross-linked polycarbonate ducts, for example).
- a heating system of a new kind either a conventional heating system and an exchanger adapted so that there is no deposit of limestone or other salt, or a direct conventional heating system (preferably with a boiler whose heating body is made of stainless steel and the cross-linked polycarbonate ducts, for example).
- This complement of heating makes it possible to supplement the supply of solar energy to reach a water temperature suitable for heating (up to 65 ° C., for example).
- Another variant of this double glazing incorporates photovoltaic cells into the lamellae (95) themselves (for example bi-glass PV cells, the electric cables of the PV cells being fixed along the cord (FIG. 13a) inclination of the slats for example).
- This variant provides electricity production at the same time as hot water production in summer and mid-season, while allowing the same circuit to be used as radiators in winter and benefits from additional solar thermal energy. .
- this double glazing incorporates a venetian blind based on lamellae absorbing solar radiation and incorporating or not photovoltaic cells.
- This variant uses air as heat transfer fluid.
- the slats are arranged alternately to the inner plate in the room, leaving 5mm between them and the outer plate, and to the plate outside the room, leaving 5 mm between them and the inner plate in the room, so that the air circulates on all surfaces of all lamellae from bottom to top of the sensor.
- the supply air ducts of the double glazing from the lower left for example and exit from the top right are of rectangular section and of identical thickness to the thickness of the interlayer of the double glazing.
- This type of sensor can make it possible to produce hot air in a building, either for heating the building in winter, in particular the preheating of the air fresh air renewal of the building, or to enter the cycle of a system of DEC cooling for air conditioning in summer.
- the present double glazing does not include a desiccant in the metal interlayer of the double glazing.
- the dehydration system ( Figure 14b) provides this function when necessary.
- Another variant of the same double glazing using air as heat transfer fluid uses the slats of the venetian blind, suspended between the two plates of the double glazing, as liquid coolant conduits; lamellae consisting for example of a plate in the form of an arc along its width and of a flat plate fixed to one another over their entire length and enclosing a tube of diameter 4 mm, for example serving as an axis of rotation and of this, ⁇ duct liquid coolant.
- the left end of this tube is connected to the tube of the lamella from below while the right end of this tube is connected to the tube of the lamella located above.
- the connection method allows a rotation of at least a quarter turn of each lamella tube.
- the mode of connection uses for example a tube of flexible material for both the rotation of the tubes of the slats when the blind is operated to incline the slats and the approximation of the slats when the blind is maneuvered to be raised.
- the tube of the last lower lamella of the venetian blind is connected to a flexible tube (3) wound in a serpentine which joins the feed tube (6).
- the tube of the last upper lamella of the venetian blind is connected to a flexible tube (4) joining the duct (5).
- This device makes it possible to use a liquid heat transfer liquid circulating in the lamellae and air as heat transfer fluid circulating on the outer surfaces of the lamellae in the same double glazing, the two fluids circulating simultaneously or not. It is possible to use the present technology and a combination of various sensors obscuring or not the passage of light, according to the invention, to construct facades of buildings fulfilling several functions expected in a building.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram by way of example of the simplest variant of the sensor according to a section BB of FIG. 2a. Dotted the inlet ducts ( ⁇ ) and (3) and outlet (4) and (5) of the water circuit in the sensor.
- the sensor comprises a housing (l) and inside this housing a box (2) whose upper section (9) is U-shaped. An insulation (l ⁇ ) of the box (2) is provided.
- a rigid air duct (8) ensures the exit of air during the filling and the entry of air during the emptying of the sensor.
- Metal rods (1) provide a distribution of water over the entire surface of the absorber (7) which constitutes the upper metal wall of the box.
- FIG. 2a is a section along AA of Figure 1 showing the water circuit when the pump is in operation.
- the window (15) of the housing (1) allows the greenhouse effect.
- the chamber (13) whose thickness is less than 30 mm constitutes an insulating layer the box by limiting the heat loss by convection.
- the absorber (7) is fully in contact on its lower face (19) with the coolant.
- FIG. 2b shows by way of example the state of the sensor when the pump has just been stopped.
- the supply duct serves as a drain duct.
- FIG. 3a shows in section along CC of Figure 3b, an example ⁇ # sensor according to the invention, comprising a plate of photovoltaic cells (24).
- a selective absorber (17) is interposed just above which rests on a metal frame (18) and metal rods
- the U-profile (9) is used to collect the water that flows there by gravity into the upper part of the sensor.
- the profile (29) is used in the bottom, left and right sides of the box (2).
- the electrically conductive wires (26) of the photo voltaic cell panel are connected to a cable that reaches the equipment room.
- FIG. 3b shows a section of the sensor along AA of Figure 3a.
- the metal frame (18) in which the special selective glass absorber (17) is attached has a clearance to account for the lateral expansion of the metal and the absorber. It is the same rods (l 1) that block the absorber while allowing the diffusion of water and air over the entire surface of the absorber. ⁇
- FIG. 3c shows, by way of example, the shape of the frame (18) which allows water and air to flow on both surfaces of the absorber (17).
- the rods (11) constitute an absorber support (17) and a wedging of the absorber on the upper part thereof.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a sensor according to the invention, making it possible to make the water circuit compatible with the air circuit by means of an upper U-shaped profile (9) in which the water circulates, fixed to a profile external (30) through which air enters and leaves the space where the absorber is located.
- FIG. 5a shows, by way of example, a section of an air or water sensor comprising a panel of photo voltaic cells.
- the arrangement of the different compartments makes the water circuit and the air circuit compatible.
- U-profile (9) serves as a water collector
- the chambers (31) and (32) are the air inlet and outlet ducts of the sensors.
- the space between the profile (9) and the profile (30) allows communication between the chamber containing the absorber and the chambers (31) and (32). See Figures 8a and 8b for more details on this communication.
- FIG. 5b represents, by way of example, a simple air and water sensor whose sole absorber (24) is a photovoltaic cell panel, which here performs the two functions of converting solar energy into electricity and Absorber function converting the rest of the solar energy into heat transferred to the coolant, water or air.
- FIG. 6a shows, by way of example, an air, water and PV sensor in section along AA of FIG. 6b.
- the electrical wires (26) emerging from the PV panel (24) are connected to the electrical cable of the sensor network in the air duct (32).
- the absorber (17) rests on a frame (18).
- the U-profile (9) is drilled for the passage of the screws which fix it to the profile (30).
- the screws pass into cylinders whose diameter is greater than the orifice through which the screw passes in the two sections (9) and (30). Thus a space is provided between the two sections.
- FIG. 6b shows the same sensor by a section BB of Figure 6a.
- the rods (18) constitute a frame for the absorber (17) and the rods (11) allow both the distribution of air and water over the entire surface of the absorber and to stall the latest.
- FIG. 7 represents, by way of example, the circulation of air or other gas on the surface of a planar absorber; the air enters through the upper right portion (31) into the box from the chamber (31) shown in FIG. 8b, and exits through the upper left part (32) through which it rejoins the chamber (32) represented in FIG. Figure 8a.
- FIG. 8a shows, by way of example, the flow of air on the left half of the sensor and shows the communication path between the chamber (20) and the chamber (25) where the absorber (17) is located and the chamber (32) through which the air is discharged from the sensors.
- FIG. 8b represents, by way of example, the flow of air on the right half of the sensor and shows the communication path between the chamber (20) and the chamber (25) where
- FIG. 9 represents, by way of example, a section of a set of elementary sensors, according to the invention, constituting a set of juxtaposed caissons surmounted by a canopy (50) overhanging the upper surface of the caissons of less than 30 mm.
- a canopy 50
- On the periphery of this canopy (50) is a layer of insulation (48) and under the caissons.
- the canopy consists for example frames aluminum profiles (not shown) one meter high and fifty centimeters wide set four by four above each box. These frames can be fixed by gluing the glass plates of the canopy. The water supply of this set of boxes is conveyed by the ducts (5).
- the duct (5) has a tap (51) for adjusting the feed rate of this row to adjust the flow of water flowing by gravity sensors row.
- the water outlet is provided by the conduit (6).
- An additional valve (52) adjusts the excess general flow to the exhaust duct (6) by a specific duct (53).
- the air circuit for example, for this set of boxes is constituted by an air inlet (47) in the chamber (31) of the first box of the first row.
- the two chanibres (31) and (32) of the first box are in communication with the corresponding chambers of the second box by a sheet metal part which fits on both sides for each chamber (31) and (32) laterally ( 42).
- the last box of the first row is also in communication with the box above it on the upper level row (41).
- the chamber (31) of the box of the first row is in communication with the corresponding chamber of the row situated above it on the right half of the two caissons, while the chamber (32) of the two caissons communicate with each other on the left half of these same two boxes, each of the two types of chamber having a nested part on both sides (41).
- the air circuit is thus organized to browse row by row (45) the surfaces of the absorbers (46) to the outlet line of the set of boxes (44).
- FIG. 10 shows by way of example, the energy transfer system to the hot water distribution circuit (71).
- the row manifold (5) joins a vertical exhaust manifold which conducts the water heated by the sensors into an insulated tank (63) from which it flows through a conduit (65) still by gravity to the pump (66) which discharges it into the storage tank (70) through an exchanger (68) in which it loses the stored heat and is then raised to the sensors by the pump and the recce cycle.
- the storage tank (70) is supplied with cold water from the network via the conduit (67).
- the tube (62) allows the air from the tank (63) to exit and enter freely when the tank fills or empties.
- This tube also makes it possible to recover the water that exits in the form of steam by condensing it through an exchanger (not shown) connected to the cold water circuit of the network.
- the air duct of the sensors ( Figure 2a / 8) is connected to the upper part of the tube (62).
- the control is programmed to 1) stop the pump (66), 2) switch the two-way valve (69) to the drain position.
- the water of the sensor flows through the supply duct (3) and then the collector (6) to empty into the insulated tank (63) the flow taking place by gravity. If the water temperature of the tank (63) is above a certain threshold than that of the distribution tank (70), the control triggers the pump (66). The water from the tank (63) then circulates in the exchanger (68) to transfer its heat to the water of the distribution tank (70). As soon as the temperature difference is less than a second threshold, for example 2 ° C, the control stops the pump (66). Thus the system has no loss of heat by inertia, regardless of the amount of water circulating in the sensors. The next morning, if the temperature conditions allow it, the control will restart the water circuit in the sensors: 1) the two-way valve is closed, 2) the pump (66) is triggered.
- a second threshold for example 2 ° C
- FIG 10 shows an example of an installation in which it is possible to completely stop the production of domestic hot water by the sensors and to leave this load entirely to the auxiliary heating.
- the domestic hot water tank (76) is maintained at 60 ° C all year round.
- the solar water tank (70) is raised to over 60 ° C (70 ° C) once a day to eliminate microbes.
- the pump (73) circulates the water of the reservoir (76) in the tank (70). If the production of solar hot water is stopped, the water contained in the solar tank (70) quickly ends by being cooled by the drafts and the cold water inlet (67). Therefore, there is no need to trigger the legionellosis procedure for this solar reservoir until the production of solar hot water is stopped.
- solar energy is used for the production of hot air for heating by hot air, making optimal use of available solar energy.
- the total area of the sensors is divided into two water circuits at the level of the sensors (sensor set (61) and sensor set (78) for example, with a two-way valve (79) which isolates the sensor circuit (78). ), it is possible to produce hot air with the sensors (78) and hot water with the sensors ( ⁇ l) for example to cool or dry in summer and continue to produce hot water simultaneously.
- a second water circuit is connected to the tank (80) in which cold water arrives from the network first.
- This second tank (80) is connected to the tank (70)
- the flask (80) is cooled first by the cold water inlet (67) and will in any case be at a temperature lower than that of the flask (
- Fig. 11 shows, by way of example, a variant of the box of the air, water and PV sensor. wherein the photovoltaic cell panel is isolated from the infrared absorbing absorber (17) by a gap (25).
- the device for the circulation of air and alternately the circulation of water is reproduced between the plate (17) of the absorber and the plate (24) of photovoltaic cells.
- This device comprises a square water supply duct (81) and a square water discharge duct (82) connected to a clean tank (80 of FIG. 10) as well as the inlet and outlet system. air (8).
- This device therefore constitutes a water circuit independent of the water circuit located above the absorber (17) in the space (20), including the square water inlet duct (6) and the square duct water discharge (5) are connected to a tank (70 of Figure 10).
- the water inlet duct (6) is pierced with orifices (3) through which the water enters the space (20).
- the water discharge duct (5) is pierced with orifices (4) through which water leaves the space (20).
- the same system is reproduced for space (25).
- the objective is to ensure an operating temperature of the photovoltaic cells that does not exceed the threshold of 25 ° C for example.
- space (25) either air circulates or water if its temperature is below the threshold of 25 ° C.
- the cooling circuit of the photovoltaic cells can be dedicated to the heating of the pool water.
- the heat transfer liquid may contain a dye promoting the absorption of infrared radiation, while being transparent to visible radiation.
- FIG. 12a shows a variant of air box, water and PV, wherein the air circuit passes through the two spaces (20) and (25) air inlet on the right half of the box.
- FIG. 12b shows a variant of air box, water and PV, wherein the air circuit passes through the two spaces (20) and (25) at the air outlet on the left half of the box.
- FIG. 13a shows a variant of double-glazed box, water and venetian blind whose slats (95) are treated to act as absorber of solar radiation.
- the figure shows the suspension mode of the blind ladder: the central lifting rope (90) is suspended from the capstan (cylinder allowing the rope to be rolled up to raise all the slats towards the upper part and to clear totally the view on the 'outside).
- Two of the four strings of the ladder (92) are wound on a pulley (93).
- the passage of the ropes to their suspension supports is provided by orifices into which a tube (96) has been passed. And through an orifice in the U-profile (9) which orifice serves at the same time as a passage for the circulation of water in the profile (9).
- the bar (98) maintains the blind in tension by its weight.
- the box is insulated inwardly by an air gap (l ⁇ l) closed by a glass plate (102).
- the box is also isolated to the outside by an air gap (13) closed by a glass plate (15).
- FIG. 13b is a front view of FIG. 13a.
- the water that feeds the box arrives via the conduit (6) between the conduit (3) in the section (29) which is pierced with two orifices through which the water enters the space between the two plates of glass.
- the water arrives via the U-channel (9) which is connected on its left to the duct (8) outlet or air inlet and on its right side to the duct (4) ( Figure 13b) by which the water flows by gravity into the conduit (5).
- the venetian blind is suspended from a capstan for the lifting ropes (90) and a pulley (93) for the tilting ropes of the slats.
- the bar (98) maintains the tension of the blind by its weight.
- the valve (52) adjusts the water inlet flow.
- FIG. 14a shows the communication system with atmospheric pressure comprising a mode of recovery of the water vapor by an air / vapor outlet device (107) and 108) and an air intake system ( 105).
- the conduit (106) from the sensor circuit enters the reservoir until it reaches the portion containing water (1 10).
- a small compressor (l 08) for example allows the steam to be recovered and reintroduced into the circuit in liquid form by passing it in a condenser possibly.
- FIG. 14b shows the dehumidification system placed somewhere in the circuit (I 12) and (115) of the sensor circuit with means making it possible to isolate it from the sensor circuit (116), when the latter is filled with water, or to include it in series in the circuit of the sensors.
- an air pump is also introduced into the circuit. This pump circulates the air in the sensors through the ducts (6) and (8) ( Figure 13b) the duct (5) ( Figure 13b) being closed during this process.
- the dehumidification product for example, a silica gel which can be regenerated by heat when it is saturated with water (heat supplied by a device using the greenhouse effect for example) .
- the regeneration phase evaporates the Humidity of the dehumidification product coming out through a duct (l 14)
- V '1 sensor but also at the level of the ducts to a point of separation of the two circuits that can be located in the technical room.
- a building facade may include glazed sensors incorporating venetian blinds whose coolant is water ( Figure 13a) and can be used as radiators in winter and hot water producer in summer, alternating on each floor, with glazed sensors incorporating venetian blinds whose heat transfer fluid is air producing hot air and electricity.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR0501918 | 2005-02-23 | ||
FR0501918A FR2882426A1 (fr) | 2005-02-23 | 2005-02-23 | Capteur solaire hybride thermique (liquide et gaz de facon alternative) et photovoltaique |
FR0504721 | 2005-05-10 | ||
FR0504721 | 2005-05-10 | ||
FR0513490A FR2882427A1 (fr) | 2005-02-23 | 2005-12-30 | Capteur solaire hybride thermique (liquide et/ou air) et photovoltaique |
FR0513490 | 2005-12-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006090060A1 true WO2006090060A1 (fr) | 2006-08-31 |
Family
ID=36570637
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2006/000397 WO2006090060A1 (fr) | 2005-02-23 | 2006-02-22 | Capteur solaire hybride thermique et photovoltaique |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2882427A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2006090060A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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RU2485417C1 (ru) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-06-20 | Борис Иванович Казанджан | Солнечный коллектор |
CN108130257A (zh) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-06-08 | 江苏辉强新能源科技有限公司 | 一种全自动多功能太阳能光伏酿造机 |
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DE102006047048A1 (de) * | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-10 | Rehau Ag + Co. | Solartechnische Baugruppe |
US20100186734A1 (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2010-07-29 | Paul Riis Arndt | Solar air heater for heating air flow |
ITBO20070094A1 (it) * | 2007-02-20 | 2008-08-21 | Scienza Ind Tecnologia S R L | Pannello solare integrato termico-fotovoltaico per la produzione di energia elettrica ed acqua calda |
ITTO20070348A1 (it) * | 2007-05-17 | 2008-11-18 | Massimo Sillano | Pannello di captazione di energia solare per tetti e simili |
DE102007048460B4 (de) * | 2007-10-10 | 2009-08-27 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Solarenergie |
NL2031116B1 (nl) * | 2022-03-01 | 2023-09-07 | Jan Putman Beheer B V | Zonnepaneel ingericht voor geforceerde ventilatie, klimaatsysteem voor een gebouw, voorzien van een dergelijk zonnepaneel en werkwijze voor het opwekken van energie en/of het beheersen van het klimaat in een gebouw gebruik makend van een dergelijk zonnepaneel |
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JPS591952A (ja) * | 1982-06-03 | 1984-01-07 | Kawamura Inst Of Chem Res | 太陽エネルギ−吸収装置 |
FR2727790A1 (fr) * | 1994-12-02 | 1996-06-07 | Cythelia Sarl | Module solaire hybride photovoltaique et thermique fonctionnant en cogeneration de chaleur et d'energie electrique |
DE29521415U1 (de) * | 1995-10-28 | 1997-03-06 | Solar-Anlagen Gera GmbH, 07546 Gera | Solarkollektor |
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DE10030112A1 (de) * | 2000-06-19 | 2001-12-20 | Friedrich Udo Mueller | Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen oder Kühlen eines fluiden Mediums, insbesondere Sonnenkollektor |
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WO2000003185A1 (fr) * | 1998-07-07 | 2000-01-20 | Ufe Solar Gmbh | Procede permettant de fabriquer un capteur solaire et un absorbeur destine audit capteur |
DE10030112A1 (de) * | 2000-06-19 | 2001-12-20 | Friedrich Udo Mueller | Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen oder Kühlen eines fluiden Mediums, insbesondere Sonnenkollektor |
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Cited By (3)
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---|---|---|---|---|
RU2485417C1 (ru) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-06-20 | Борис Иванович Казанджан | Солнечный коллектор |
CN108130257A (zh) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-06-08 | 江苏辉强新能源科技有限公司 | 一种全自动多功能太阳能光伏酿造机 |
CN108130257B (zh) * | 2018-03-08 | 2024-03-12 | 江苏辉强新能源科技有限公司 | 一种全自动多功能太阳能光伏酿造机 |
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