WO2006037929A1 - Pile a combustible a membrane non-fluoree ou partiellement fluoree et procede de preparation de ladite membrane - Google Patents
Pile a combustible a membrane non-fluoree ou partiellement fluoree et procede de preparation de ladite membrane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006037929A1 WO2006037929A1 PCT/FR2005/050816 FR2005050816W WO2006037929A1 WO 2006037929 A1 WO2006037929 A1 WO 2006037929A1 FR 2005050816 W FR2005050816 W FR 2005050816W WO 2006037929 A1 WO2006037929 A1 WO 2006037929A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- polymer
- cell according
- membrane
- fluorinated
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2256—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those involving carbon-to-carbon bonds, e.g. obtained by polycondensation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1025—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon and oxygen, e.g. polyethers, sulfonated polyetheretherketones [S-PEEK], sulfonated polysaccharides, sulfonated celluloses or sulfonated polyesters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1027—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having carbon, oxygen and other atoms, e.g. sulfonated polyethersulfones [S-PES]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/103—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having nitrogen, e.g. sulfonated polybenzimidazoles [S-PBI], polybenzimidazoles with phosphoric acid, sulfonated polyamides [S-PA] or sulfonated polyphosphazenes [S-PPh]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1032—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having sulfur, e.g. sulfonated-polyethersulfones [S-PES]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1039—Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1046—Mixtures of at least one polymer and at least one additive
- H01M8/1051—Non-ion-conducting additives, e.g. stabilisers, SiO2 or ZrO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2381/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Polysulfones; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2381/06—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0088—Composites
- H01M2300/0094—Composites in the form of layered products, e.g. coatings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, more particularly to non-fluorinated or partially fluorinated membrane fuel cells, as well as methods making it possible to obtain such membranes.
- Fuel cells are generally formed of a set of cells and comprise, in central position, a membrane-electrode assembly ("MEA" or "Membrane Electrode Assembly” in English).
- MEA membrane-electrode Assembly
- the membrane of this assembly provides an essential role in the transport of protons from one electrode to another.
- the properties of such a membrane are therefore critical for the characteristics of the cell.
- the membrane must meet many mechanical and physicochemical criteria (for example, ionic conductivity, low permeability to gases used in the cell and efficient separation of gases, thermal stability) but also to economic and environmental criteria.
- Most of the membranes used are perfluorinated membranes containing acid groups. These perfluorinated type membranes generally make it possible to satisfy most of the required technical criteria, although their behavior remains problematic for temperatures above 90 ° C.
- the synthesis of perfluorinated membranes is often complex and requires the use of safety devices.
- the recycling of current perfluorinated membranes can be a problem.
- the present invention relates to new non-fluorinated or partially fluorinated membranes to provide a solution to stability problems in a fuel cell environment. Another object of the present invention is to obtain a fuel cell comprising a membrane having satisfactory mechanical and physicochemical properties, these properties being preserved during prolonged use in a fuel cell (500 Ohh) while being inexpensive and respectful of the environment. Chain splitting is usually preceded by the formation of free radicals on the polymer chains. It is another object of the present invention to limit or prevent chain splits by inhibiting free radicals.
- the fuel cell according to the invention is a non-fluorinated or partially fluorinated membrane fuel cell. comprising a non-fluorinated or partially fluorinated polymer and an antioxidant to protect the polymer chains from the action of free radicals present on the polymer.
- radical HO * on aromatic rings, more particularly on groups, for example, alkyl or alkoxy in ortho position.
- the radicals HO * can also initiate the breaking of bonds such as -C-O-C- bonds.
- the membranes have a chemical structure sensitive to the presence of radicals HO *, preferably sulfonated carbon membranes comprising a polyaromatic polymer with arylsulfonic groups.
- radicals HO * preferably sulfonated carbon membranes comprising a polyaromatic polymer with arylsulfonic groups. Examples of such polymers that can be cited include:
- polymers of the sulphonated polyether ketone (“PEK”) type comprising units of formula (II), in which n represents an integer ranging from 20 to 500:
- FEP-g-PSSA grafted irradiated type polymers
- polymers of the sulfonated polyimide (“PI") type comprising units of formula (IV) in which X represents an integer ranging from 1 to 9 with an X / Y ratio of between 2/8 and 6/4:
- PSU polyarylene ether sulfone
- the groups sensitive to rupture, present in the membranes are protected by the action of an antioxidant, chosen, for example, from hindered amine light stabilizers ("HALS" or “Hindered Amine Light”). Stabilizer "in English language).
- HALS hindered amine light stabilizers
- Stabilizer in English language
- the stabilizing power of hindered amine light stabilizers depends on their chemical structure and molecular weight. Their configuration will indeed define their accessibility to the site where the free radicals are located, that is to say their ability to stabilize said radicals.
- the type of stabilizer to be used will therefore depend on the structure and nature of the polymer.
- the performance of a stabilizing / polymer pair is, for example, determined experimentally by carrying out aging tests in a fuel cell environment.
- the hindered amine light stabilizers may for example be compounds of formula (I) below:
- R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical, an acyl radical or an alkoxy radical, preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical.
- the photostabilizer is preferably of low molecular weight, for example with a molecular weight ranging from 300 to 600 g / mol.
- the latter is present in a proportion ranging from 0.5 to 1% by weight relative to the weight of polymer.
- the fuel cells according to the present invention may comprise membranes of different structures.
- the antioxidant may be mixed with the polymer solution prior to the pouring step to make the membrane.
- the antioxidant is present throughout the membrane, which protects the entire membrane.
- Another possibility is, for example, to deposit a thin layer comprising the antioxidant agent mixed with the polymer on one of the surfaces (surface intended to be positioned against the cathode) of the membrane being dried.
- the insertion of the antioxidant has little or no additional inter-facial resistance.
- the layer comprising the antioxidant and the polymer has a thickness ranging from 2 to 10.
- the first step consists in synthesizing the hydrophilic block by polycondensation of a dianhydride with a sulphonated diamine. Imidation is carried out thermally at 180 ° C for 15 hours, and the diamine used is not in acid form.
- the hydrophobic block is synthesized in the second step with the introduction of a hydrophobic diamine and the same dianhydride as used in the first step.
- the thermal imidation is carried out at 180 ° C for 20 hours.
- the block polymer is obtained in solution in the synthesis solvent.
- the choice of solvent depends on the nature and the different structures of monomers used during the synthesis. Examples of usable solvents include, for example, phenol, 3-chlorophenol or formamide. When the temperature of the polymer solution drops to room temperature, it becomes viscous.
- the antioxidant is introduced for example in liquid form into the polymer solution which will be heated with stirring at 85 ° C.
- the antioxidant chosen should be soluble in the solvent used in the synthesis, such as HALS 770 (CIBA).
- the antioxidant is introduced so as to respect the ratio of
- the homogeneous solution obtained can then be shaped, for example by heating and then pouring and drying.
- the shaping conditions are known and depend on the nature of the polymer used.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/576,662 US20070287049A1 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-06 | Fuel Cell with Non-Fluorinated or Partly Fluorinated Membrane and Method for Preparing Said Membrane |
JP2007535219A JP2008516384A (ja) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-06 | 非フッ素化または部分フッ素化された膜を有する燃料電池及び非フッ素化または部分フッ素化された膜の製造方法 |
EP05810740A EP1797614A1 (fr) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-06 | Pile a combustible a membrane non-fluoree ou partiellement fluoree et procede de preparation de ladite membrane |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0410520A FR2876222A1 (fr) | 2004-10-06 | 2004-10-06 | Pile a combustible a membrane non-fluoree ou partiellement fluoree et procede de preparation de ladite membrane |
FR0410520 | 2004-10-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006037929A1 true WO2006037929A1 (fr) | 2006-04-13 |
Family
ID=34951688
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2005/050816 WO2006037929A1 (fr) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-06 | Pile a combustible a membrane non-fluoree ou partiellement fluoree et procede de preparation de ladite membrane |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070287049A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1797614A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2008516384A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2876222A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2006037929A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007069460A1 (fr) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-21 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Pile a combustible, dispositif de pile a combustible, vehicule a pile a combustible et procede de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pile a combustible |
US7955997B2 (en) | 2002-09-16 | 2011-06-07 | Triosyn Corp. | Electrostatically charged filter media incorporating an active agent |
FR2996684A1 (fr) * | 2012-10-04 | 2014-04-11 | Renault Sa | Cellule de stockage de l'energie electrique avec separateur a membrane polyimide sulfonee |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5347293B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-24 | 2013-11-20 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 高分子電解質、膜電極接合体、燃料電池及び高分子電解質の製造方法 |
CN108598533B (zh) * | 2018-04-25 | 2020-11-03 | 同济大学 | 基于香豆素的光环化交联磺化聚酰亚胺质子交换膜及其制备方法 |
CN110483711A (zh) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-22 | 杭州中科氢能科技有限公司 | 一种新型高稳定***联磺化聚醚醚酮及制备方法和用途 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000078831A1 (fr) * | 1999-06-22 | 2000-12-28 | The Dow Chemical Company | Compositions aromatiques d'interpolymeres d'ethylene et/ou d'alpha-olefine/vinyle ou de vinylidene |
WO2002081547A1 (fr) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-10-17 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Membrane conductrice de protons et son utilisation |
JP2003183526A (ja) * | 2001-12-25 | 2003-07-03 | Jsr Corp | ポリアリーレン系重合体組成物およびプロトン伝導膜 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000223136A (ja) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-08-11 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 燃料電池用固体高分子電解質膜およびその製造方法および燃料電池 |
JP2003151346A (ja) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-05-23 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 高分子電解質組成物及びその用途 |
-
2004
- 2004-10-06 FR FR0410520A patent/FR2876222A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-10-06 EP EP05810740A patent/EP1797614A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-10-06 US US11/576,662 patent/US20070287049A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-10-06 WO PCT/FR2005/050816 patent/WO2006037929A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2005-10-06 JP JP2007535219A patent/JP2008516384A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000078831A1 (fr) * | 1999-06-22 | 2000-12-28 | The Dow Chemical Company | Compositions aromatiques d'interpolymeres d'ethylene et/ou d'alpha-olefine/vinyle ou de vinylidene |
WO2002081547A1 (fr) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-10-17 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Membrane conductrice de protons et son utilisation |
JP2003183526A (ja) * | 2001-12-25 | 2003-07-03 | Jsr Corp | ポリアリーレン系重合体組成物およびプロトン伝導膜 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2003, no. 11 5 November 2003 (2003-11-05) * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7955997B2 (en) | 2002-09-16 | 2011-06-07 | Triosyn Corp. | Electrostatically charged filter media incorporating an active agent |
WO2007069460A1 (fr) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-21 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Pile a combustible, dispositif de pile a combustible, vehicule a pile a combustible et procede de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pile a combustible |
US8142955B2 (en) | 2005-12-15 | 2012-03-27 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system, fuel cell vehicle, and operating method for fuel cell system |
FR2996684A1 (fr) * | 2012-10-04 | 2014-04-11 | Renault Sa | Cellule de stockage de l'energie electrique avec separateur a membrane polyimide sulfonee |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1797614A1 (fr) | 2007-06-20 |
JP2008516384A (ja) | 2008-05-15 |
US20070287049A1 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
FR2876222A1 (fr) | 2006-04-07 |
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