WO2006028249A1 - 超音波プローブ、超音波診断装置、及び超音波診断方法 - Google Patents
超音波プローブ、超音波診断装置、及び超音波診断方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006028249A1 WO2006028249A1 PCT/JP2005/016775 JP2005016775W WO2006028249A1 WO 2006028249 A1 WO2006028249 A1 WO 2006028249A1 JP 2005016775 W JP2005016775 W JP 2005016775W WO 2006028249 A1 WO2006028249 A1 WO 2006028249A1
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- ultrasonic
- transmission member
- changing means
- direction changing
- ultrasonic probe
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/12—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
- A61B5/6848—Needles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4444—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to the probe
- A61B8/445—Details of catheter construction
Definitions
- Ultrasonic probe Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, and ultrasonic diagnostic method
- the present invention relates to an ultrasonic probe for diagnosing an image of a living body (including a human body) using ultrasonic waves, and more particularly to an ultrasonic probe that acquires image information by puncturing the living body. And an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and an ultrasonic diagnostic method used therefor. Background art
- ultrasonic diagnostic techniques are other diagnostic techniques such as simple X-ray, CT (Computerized Tomography) or MRI (Magnetic Resonance).
- an ultrasonic wave of about 3 to: LO MHz is used.
- the ultrasonic penetration depth is about 15 to 3 cm.
- the frequency needs to exceed about 100 MHz.
- the penetration depth of the ultrasonic beam becomes 1 mm or less, and a normal ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus cannot reach the affected area.
- Transesophageal echo is considered to be an effective method for diagnosing parts that are difficult to observe due to occlusion of bones and the like, particularly for cardiac ultrasound diagnosis, by ultrasonic diagnosis from the body surface!
- intravascular echo is an image diagnosis in which a small-diameter probe is inserted directly into a blood vessel such as a coronary artery to diagnose a disease site.
- Transesophageal echo is a test in which a patient is swallowed with a rotatable ultrasound probe at the tip of the endoscope.
- Intravascular echo is a small-diameter probe that directly inserts a probe that transmits and receives ultrasound into the blood vessel. Both are invasive, invasive, and electrical safety tests. .
- CT or MRI may be used in combination.
- a definitive diagnosis is also performed by examining these additionally.
- an ultrasonic guide is used to detect abnormal sites (eg, tumors) detected by ultrasonic diagnosis. Under these conditions, tissue is removed by puncture, sections are cut out, stained, and pathologically examined with an optical microscope.
- tissue removed under laparotomy during surgery cannot be subjected to pathological examinations on the spot, and another operation is required.
- the frequency of ultrasonic waves used for ultrasonic diagnostic equipment mainly used in the engineering field is several ⁇ to several hundred MHz, and several MHz to several 10 MHz used for ordinary ultrasonic diagnostic equipment. Compared with a remarkably high frequency.
- the ultrasonic microscope further uses a focusing ultrasonic device for focusing the ultrasonic waves. Since the ultrasonic microscope can perform pathological examination without staining the excised tissue, it can be handled as quickly as it takes time to stain and fix the tissue like a pathological examination using an optical microscope. It is an inspection.
- the puncture needle itself is a probe (probe), and a transducer (vibrator) that generates an ultrasonic wave is incorporated in the puncture needle. Therefore, the diameter of the needle must be thick.
- the diameter of the puncture needle is generally about 3 to 4 mm.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11 206759 is also a prior document relating to a needle-like ultrasonic probe and an ultrasonic microscope (Reference 3).
- the thickness of the needle is 5 mm or less, and it is too thick to be inserted into the living body as in the previous application, and there is no ultrasound. It is totally detrimental to invasiveness.
- a needle-type ultrasonic probe that incorporates a transducer in a probe has problems in terms of electrical safety and invasiveness! / Barking.
- the inventors have made an ultrasonic endoscope using a quartz rod (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-198127 (Reference 4)), an ultrasonic treatment device (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-153483 (Reference 5)). ) These are all effective in the method of transmitting ultrasonic waves through a quartz rod, but are essentially different from the micro ultrasonic microscope of the present invention, preferably using fibers.
- the present inventor has applied for an ultrasonic therapy apparatus' ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus using a quartz fiber (Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-116869 (Reference 6)).
- the purpose of use in this case is to crush the target part (stone in the ureter) by sending ultrasonic waves to the tip of the quartz fiber using the inside of the body cavity (pipe) and concentrating energy on the treatment part. It is useful for ultrasonic therapy equipment.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-107238 (full text)
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-2-107239 (full text)
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-206759 (full text)
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-198127 (full text)
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-153483 (full text)
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-116869 (full text)
- An object of the present invention is to maintain the feature of ultrasonic diagnosis that is non-invasive and simple.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and method having high spatial resolution and SZN.
- An object of the present invention is an ultrasonic probe for ultrasonic diagnosis inserted into the body, which does not cause great pain to the subject and does not lose the non-invasive characteristic of ultrasonic waves.
- the object is to provide an ultrasonic probe with a sufficiently narrow aperture.
- An ultrasonic probe which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, is an ultrasonic probe that is inserted into a test tissue and irradiates ultrasonic waves, as shown in claim 1, wherein one tip A hollow cylindrical exterior body having a needle shape, and the exterior body includes a puncture needle portion that includes the one tip and is inserted into a test tissue, and an extending portion that includes the other end.
- An ultrasonic wave transmission source for generating the ultrasonic wave, located in a hollow portion;
- An ultrasonic transmission member that transmits ultrasonic waves along the longitudinal direction, and is positioned in the hollow portion of the puncture needle unit, and is disposed by the ultrasonic transmission member.
- Direction conversion means for converting the direction of the transmitted ultrasonic beam into the direction in which the tissue to be examined is located.
- At least the ultrasonic transmission member is installed in the hollow portion of the exterior body so as to be detachable from the puncture needle portion along the longitudinal direction. It is characterized by that.
- the position of the hollow portion extending between the puncture needle portion and the extending portion in the exterior body can be changed with respect to the puncture needle portion within a certain range along the longitudinal direction.
- a hollow cylindrical inner cannula detachably inserted wherein at least the ultrasonic transmission member and the direction changing means are installed in the inner cannula.
- the invention shown in claim 4 is characterized in that the direction changing means converges the ultrasonic beam transmitted by the ultrasonic transmission member.
- the invention shown in claim 5 is a method in which a part of the outer body or a part of the outer body and the inner cannula is brought into contact with the tissue to be examined and the direction is changed by the direction changing means. It has an acoustic window for transmitting a sound wave beam.
- the invention shown in claim 6 is characterized in that at least a part of the ultrasonic transmission member also has sapphire or quartz force.
- the invention described in claim 7 is characterized in that a higher-order mode of a Pochhammer-Chree wave is used as the ultrasonic wave.
- At least a partial force of the ultrasonic transmission member is 100 to 200.
- the ultrasonic transmission loss at MHz is a material force substantially equal to or less than that of either sapphire or quartz.
- the direction changing means is provided in a traveling direction of an ultrasonic wave emitted from the ultrasonic transmission member, and includes a plane or a curved surface having a certain angle with the traveling direction. It includes a mirror.
- the direction changing means is integrated with the ultrasonic transmission member. It is a surface-shaped part that forms a mirror having a flat or curved surface force.
- the direction changing means is a first surface or curved surface force installed in a traveling direction of an ultrasonic wave emitted in a direction different from a longitudinal direction of the ultrasonic transmission member.
- a second mirror that reflects the ultrasonic beam reflected by the first mirror and has a plane or curved force.
- the invention described in claim 12 is characterized in that the living body insertion portion of the ultrasonic probe has an outer shape of 1 mm or less.
- the invention shown in claim 13 is an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus for performing ultrasonic diagnosis by inserting an ultrasonic probe into a test tissue, and the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to any one of claims 1 and 4-12.
- a transmission / reception means for separating and controlling the received ultrasonic wave.
- the invention shown in claim 14 is an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus for performing ultrasonic diagnosis by inserting an ultrasonic probe into a test tissue, and is described in any one of claims 2, 3, and 4-12.
- Position control for controlling the irradiation position of the ultrasonic wave irradiated from the ultrasonic probe to the test tissue by controlling the movement of the ultrasonic probe and the ultrasonic transmission member within the certain range.
- ultrasonic waves irradiated to the test tissue via the ultrasonic transmission member and the direction changing means, and transmitting the ultrasonic waves reflected from the test tissue to the direction changing means and the ultrasonic waves.
- transmitting / receiving means for receiving via a transmission member.
- An ultrasonic diagnostic method made to solve the above-described problems is characterized in that, as shown in claim 15, using the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 13, the ultrasonic probe is applied to a tissue to be examined. Or a step of inserting in the vicinity thereof, a step of transmitting an ultrasonic wave, and irradiating the test tissue with the ultrasonic wave via the ultrasonic transmission member and a direction changing means, and from the test tissue Acquiring reflected ultrasonic waves via the direction changing means and the ultrasonic transmission member, receiving ultrasonic waves, and separating and controlling the received ultrasonic waves from the transmitted ultrasonic waves for analysis It is characterized by including these.
- an ultrasonic diagnostic method made to solve the above-mentioned problems is claimed.
- a step of analyzing is described in FIG. 16, using the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 14, the step of inserting the ultrasonic probe into or near a test tissue, and transmitting the ultrasonic wave, the ultrasonic transmission member And irradiating the test tissue with ultrasonic waves via the direction changing means, and acquiring ultrasonic waves reflected from the test tissue via the direction changing means
- the ultrasonic probe according to claim 1 of the present invention has, at one end (first end), a transducer for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves, which is an ultrasonic transmission source, and the ultrasonic traveling direction is determined.
- a direction changing means for changing is provided at the other end (second end), and the transducer and the direction changing means are coupled by an ultrasonic transmission member, which is an ultrasonic propagation medium.
- a hollow cylindrical exterior body that houses a sound wave transmission member and a transducer is provided.
- the ultrasonic transmission member and the transducer are arranged inside the exterior body belonging to the extending portion including the first end.
- the ultrasonic transmission member can vibrate in the longitudinal direction with respect to the exterior body, and can transmit the ultrasonic vibration generated by the transducer force to the direction changing means.
- the ultrasonic transmission member is installed in the hollow portion of the exterior body so as to be detachable from the puncture needle portion along the longitudinal direction. Has been.
- the puncture needle portion and the extending portion of the outer package are coupled via a coupling portion, and the extending portion of the outer package is an ultrasonic wave coupled to the transducer installed inside the transducer and the transducer. Integrate with the transmission member! /
- the ultrasonic transmission member into the hollow part of the puncture needle part and connect the extension part and puncture needle part.
- the ultrasonic transmission member is put on and taken off from the puncture needle part by connecting the parts at the part or performing the reverse operation.
- a hollow cylindrical mantle is further inserted in a hollow portion extending from the puncture needle portion and the extending portion in the outer body,
- the inner jacket is provided so that it can be repositioned with respect to the puncture needle portion within a certain range along the longitudinal direction, and is detachable.
- An ultrasonic transmission member and direction changing means are installed in the inner cannula. More specifically, the inner mantle has a hollow extending portion, and a transducer to which an ultrasonic transmission member is coupled is installed inside the inner mantle extending portion. It is mounted on the scanner mechanism provided inside the stretching section, and the position of the entire inner jacket, transducer, ultrasonic transmission member, and hence the direction changing means, in the exterior body is determined by the scanner mechanism and the power of the scanner controller that controls the scanner mechanism. It is changed by the position control means.
- the punctured ultrasonic probe is not moved in the living body, and the object in the living body is irradiated with the ultrasonic beam. Scan tissue.
- the puncture needle portion and the extending portion of the exterior body are coupled via a coupling portion. Therefore, the extending portion of the outer body is integrated with the inner cannula installed therein via the scanner mechanism, and the inner mantle is inserted into the hollow portion of the puncture needle portion, and the outer portion and the extending portion of the outer body are punctured.
- the inner cannula is put on and taken off from the puncture needle part by connecting the needle part with the connecting part or performing the reverse operation.
- the direction changing means a well-known optical member such as a mirror or a prism can be used. Further, the ultrasonic wave is not simply changed in direction but is converged into an ultrasonic beam. It is preferable to use a (parabolic) mirror.
- the direction changing means preferably has an acoustic medium for smoothly transmitting the ultrasonic wave into the living body (with low loss reaching the living body).
- An example of a propagation medium that is an ultrasonic transmission member is preferably a thin and flexible material such as an optical fiber.
- the ultrasonic beam transmitted from the transducer is directed to a direction changing means (a mirror as an example) through a propagation medium (a fiber as an example) that is an ultrasonic transmission member.
- the angle is changed, and it is preferably focused and irradiated to a diagnostic site in a living body, preferably through an acoustic window.
- the diagnostic part is scanned with the ultrasonic beam by causing the inner cannula including the fiber to reciprocate within the puncture needle portion of the outer body.
- the ultrasonic wave reflected from the diagnostic site preferably passes through the acoustic window, is direction-converted by the direction changing means, and arrives at the transducer through the propagation medium which is an ultrasonic transmission member.
- a diagnostic image is formed by this ultrasonic signal. .
- the ultrasonic probe after use is punctured and in contact with the diagnostic site in the living body, normally the force S that is severely discarded, and the puncture needle part and the extension part of the exterior body are coupled via the coupling part. In this case, it becomes possible to disengage this connection and discard only the puncture needle part.
- the frequency of the ultrasonic wave used in the present invention is preferably 50 MHz to 1 GHz.
- the puncture needle is preferably 800 microns or less in diameter.
- the fiber material used in the ultrasonic probe of the present invention is preferably sapphire, quartz, diamond or the like.
- the present invention is not limited to these, and any material having an ultrasonic transmission characteristic equivalent to or higher than that of sapphire in a high frequency region of 100 MHz or higher can be used.
- the ultrasound transmission source is installed in the extending portion of the exterior body of the ultrasound probe, that is, a puncture that is a portion that is punctured into a test tissue such as a living body. Since it is not installed inside the needle section, the size of the ultrasound transmission source is independent of the diameter of the puncture needle section. It can be taken large enough.
- the diameter of the puncture needle is reduced to such an extent that it can be maintained substantially non-invasive to the living body, and at the same time, the size of the ultrasonic wave transmission source can be made sufficiently large. Even when it is used, a sufficient penetration depth can be obtained.
- the ultrasonic transmission member is installed in the hollow portion of the exterior body so as to be detachable from the puncture needle portion along the longitudinal direction, After using the acoustic probe, at least the portion including the ultrasonic transmission member can be reused without being discarded by removing the force of the puncture needle.
- the direction changing means can be repositioned with respect to the puncture needle portion within a certain range through the inner cannula on which the direction changing means is installed,
- the target tissue can be scanned with an ultrasonic beam without moving while the target tissue is punctured.
- the inner cannula is detachable from the puncture needle part, after using the ultrasonic probe, at least the ultrasonic transmission member, the direction changing means and the inner cannula in which these are installed are removed from the puncture needle part. Can be reused without being discarded.
- an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus capable of obtaining a high-resolution image in real time using an ultrasonic beam in a high frequency band while maintaining the convenience of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. it can. According to this, since a high-quality cell-level image in the depth direction in the body can be provided, pathological examination can be performed in real time.
- an ultrasonic diagnosis is performed by inserting (puncturing) a puncture needle into a living body extremely finely while installing a large-diameter transducer and an ultrasonic beam scanning mechanism outside the living body. Is possible.
- an ultrasonic beam can be irradiated in the vicinity of the affected part by inserting into a living body using a puncture needle, an image can be obtained with high resolution and high spatial resolution using ultrasonic waves having high frequency. Can be obtained.
- the diameter of the ultrasonic probe applied to the living body insertion portion can be made 1 mm or less, and the diameter is preferably 800 microns or less. Therefore, since the degree of pain can be reduced even if puncture is inserted into the living body from the living body surface, it is possible to maintain the low invasiveness that is a feature of ultrasonic diagnosis.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of a transducer part of an ultrasonic probe according to Example 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the transducer part of the ultrasonic probe according to Example 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of a puncture needle portion 91 of an ultrasonic probe according to Example 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of a puncture needle 91 of an ultrasonic probe according to Example 7 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of a puncture needle portion 91 of an ultrasonic probe according to Example 8 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of the transducer section of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to Example 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to Example 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows an overall view of a puncture type ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention.
- the exterior body of the ultrasonic probe is a hollow cylindrical body having a first end and a second end, and includes a puncture needle portion 91 including a second end and an extending portion 92 including a first end.
- the puncture needle portion 91 includes a hollow outer frame 93 having a pointed needle tip 4 at the second end, and is a portion that is inserted (punctured) into the body of the exterior body.
- the extending part 92 is provided with an enlarged part 96 at the first end, and the puncture needle part 91 and the extending part 92 are connected by connecting parts 94 and 95 further provided respectively.
- the inner diameter of the enlarged portion 96 of the extending portion 92 is larger than the inner diameter of the outer frame 93 of the puncture needle portion 91.
- a hollow cylindrical inner cannula 97 is provided in the exterior body across the puncture needle portion 91 and the extending portion 92, and the enlarged portion 98 of the inner sheath 97 is the enlarged portion 96 of the extending portion 92 of the exterior body. And is mounted on the scan mechanism 11.
- the inner sleeve 97 is provided with a fiber (ultrasonic transmission member) 3, and the ultrasonic wave emitted from the transducer (ultrasonic transmission source) 17 accommodated in the enlarged portion 98 of the inner sleeve 97 is transmitted to the fiber. It is transmitted to the tip through 3.
- the portion disposed in the extending portion 92 and the portion disposed in the puncture needle portion 91 may be separate members, or may be configured by the same member.
- the ultrasonic transmission member 3 may be composed of a core material (not shown) and a covering material (not shown) for covering the core material.
- the joining tube 16 connecting the enlarged portion 96 and the connecting portion 95 of the extending portion 92 is flexible.
- the enlarged portion 98 of the inner cannula 97 is provided with the scanner mechanism 11 for reciprocating the inner cannula 97 including the fiber 3.
- the scanner mechanism 11 receives a signal from the scanner controller 12 and, as will be described later, The transducer 17 and thus the tip of the fiber 3 are finely reciprocated to scan the ultrasonic beam emitted from the acoustic window 1 provided near the tip of the outer frame 93 of the puncture needle portion 91.
- the scanner controller 12 is an apparatus unit that controls ultrasonic scanning through the scanner mechanism 11
- the transmission / reception unit 13 is an apparatus unit that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves through the transducer 17.
- the ultrasonic wave irradiated to the living body from the puncture needle unit 91 returns the image information of the biological force to the transmitting / receiving unit 13 via the fiber 3, and this image information is transmitted by the image construction unit 14. An image is constructed, and the display unit (monitor) 15 displays the image.
- the puncture needle portion 91 and the extending portion 92 of the outer package are connected by connecting portions 94 and 95.
- the extending portion 92 It can be separated from the puncture needle portion 91 together with the scanner mechanism 11 installed in the inner sleeve 97, the inner cannula 97 mounted on the scanner mechanism 11, and all the members including the transducer 17 and the fiber 3 installed in the inner cannula 97.
- the puncture needle unit 91 that comes into direct contact with the living body is preferably disposal to prevent infection between patients!
- the extending portion 92 and the member mounted thereon can be economically used by repeatedly using expensive members that do not necessarily have to be disposable, including the member inserted into the hollow portion of the puncture needle portion 91.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the transducer 17.
- the vibrator 18 generates ultrasonic waves.
- a vibrator having a large aperture (about 1 to 30 mm) can be used, and an ultrasonic wave with a large energy can be generated. Further, the vibrator 18 and the fiber 3 are connected.
- fiber 3 is stretched to a position where it can be connected to transducer 17.
- the transducer 17 and the fiber 3 are connected via an acoustic medium 19 made of the same material as the fiber 3.
- an ultrafine fiber such as sapphire or quartz is used as a path for transmitting ultrasonic waves.
- a large-diameter concave vibrator 18 is used to converge the ultrasonic wave, and a high-energy ultrasonic wave is sent to the fiber 3 through the acoustic medium 19.
- the same material as the fiber 3 or a material having the same acoustic characteristics is used as the material of the acoustic medium 19.
- a support member 44 is interposed in the gap between the inner sleeve 97 and the fiber 3, and the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the fiber 3 is leaked into the inner sleeve while the gap is maintained and the fiber 3 touches the inner wall of the inner sleeve 97. To prevent it from decaying.
- the support member 44 may be installed at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the gap between the inner sleeve 97 and the fiber 3.
- the support member 44 has a semicircular cross section provided on the inner wall of the inner sleeve. It is fixed by a known structure (not shown) such as a recess.
- the shape of the support member 44 fixes the position of the fiber 3 with respect to the inner sleeve 97 without interfering with the vibration caused by the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the fiber 3, and the friction when the fiber 3 comes into contact is substantially reduced.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the second mode of the transducer 17.
- the ultrasonic wave emitted from a large-diameter disk-shaped vibrator 18 with a hole in the center is converged by a parabolic acoustic lens 20, and the ultrasonic wave of carpenter energy is applied to fiber 3. sending.
- the material of the acoustic lens 20 a material having the same force as the fiber or acoustically the same or similar characteristics is used.
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the transducer 17.
- the ultrasonic wave emitted from the large-diameter disk-type vibrator 18 is parabolically processed. It is converged by the acoustic lens 22 and the ultrasonic wave of carpenter energy is sent to the fiber 3. Unlike the case of the third embodiment described above, it is not necessary to have a complicated structure in which a hole is formed in a disk-type vibrator.
- a material of the acoustic lens 22 As a material of the acoustic lens 22, a material having the same force as the fiber or an acoustically identical or similar property is used.
- the ultrasonic wave is transmitted from the transducer unit 17 existing outside the body and introduced into the body through the fiber 3, it is possible to apply a large-diameter vibrator. Is possible.
- an acoustic medium 19 made of the same material as that of the fiber 1 3 provided between the vibrator 18 and the fiber 3 preferably corresponds to means.
- this corresponds to a means in which the acoustic lens 20 made of the same material as that of the fiber 3 facing the parabolic vibrator 18 and whose other surface is parabolically processed is applied.
- an acoustic lens 22 made of the same material as that of the fiber 3 and having a parabolic surface on the other side, which is opposed to the disk-shaped vibrator 18, corresponds to such means.
- FIGS. 2, 3, and 8 are merely examples, and the fiber, preferably the ultrasonic wave generation means having carpentry energy, and the generated ultrasonic wave are converged to generate the fiber. It is sufficient to have a converging means for sending to
- the vibrator when the vibrator is installed outside the body as in the present invention, for example, a vibrator having a diameter of about 1 to 30 mm can be used. Therefore, the area S is proportional to the square of the diameter. Compared to a vibrator (with a diameter of 1 mm or less) that can be used virtually non-invasively in the body, the energy is about 1 to 900 times (ultrasonic).
- the transmission efficiency r? is determined by the fiber material.
- Propagation efficiency 7? Is defined as the energy ratio of input to output when a plane wave with the same phase is input to the fiber.
- the Pochhammer-Chree wave propagating in the fiber is divided into L (0, 1), L (0, 2), L (0, 3), There are modes such as L (0, 4).
- the L (0, 3) mode has the highest propagation efficiency in the high frequency range. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is desirable to employ high-order ultrasonic waves preferably in the L (0, 3) mode or higher.
- the fiber radius (a) becomes small and it becomes difficult to propagate high-energy ultrasonic waves.
- the applied ultrasonic frequency and fiber diameter can be determined.
- the ultrasonic frequency is 100 MHz or more, and the upper limit is not particularly specified.
- the diameter of the fiber should be determined by constraints such as the ultrasonic propagation efficiency 7? In relation to the above ultrasonic frequency and the allowable thickness of the ultrasonic probe that is invasive. According to one example, at an ultrasonic frequency of 150 MHz, a fiber radius of 20 to 80 ⁇ m, preferably 30! /, And 40 ⁇ 111 is suitable.
- the ultrasonic probe of the puncture needle type ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus is inserted into a living body and performs ultrasonic diagnosis by irradiating ultrasonic waves in the vicinity of the affected part.
- FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of the puncture needle portion 91 of the ultrasonic probe used in the puncture needle type ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention.
- the puncture needle portion 91 of the ultrasonic probe is composed of a pointed needle tip 4 and an outer frame 93 continuous therewith, and an inner cannula 97 is inserted into the outer frame.
- a fiber 3 as an ultrasonic wave transmission member for transmitting an ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transducer 17 as an ultrasonic wave transmission source is installed.
- the needle tip 4 has a pointed shape so that it can be easily inserted into a living body, and the overall diameter is preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 800 m or less.
- the tip of the inner sleeve 97 is provided with a mirror 2 processed into an appropriate shape such as a paraboloid or a rotating paraboloid, and an ultrasonic wave transmitted through the installed transducer force fiber 3. Is the outer circumference direction of the ultrasonic probe by the mirror 2 (direction perpendicular to the central axis of the ultrasonic probe)
- the mirror 2 which is a direction changing means, not only changes the direction of the ultrasonic beam, but also increases the energy density of the ultrasonic wave irradiated to a specific diagnostic site in the living body by converging the direction. To improve the spatial resolution of images, especially the azimuth resolution.
- an acoustic medium 5 such as deaerated water is filled in order to increase the transmission efficiency of ultrasonic waves.
- the acoustic medium 5a is filled in the hollow portion of the outer frame 93 that is blocked by the needle tip 4.
- part of the acoustic medium 5a moves to the gap between the inner wall 93a of the outer frame and the side surface of the inner sleeve 97.
- an acoustic impedance that is an intermediate value between the acoustic impedance of the fiber 3 and the acoustic impedance of the acoustic medium 5, and the thickness is the center frequency of the ultrasonic wave used.
- An acoustic matching layer film 6 formed with 1Z4 of the wavelength ( ⁇ ) or an integral multiple thereof is installed in order to increase the transmission efficiency of the carpenter energy transmitted by the fiber 3.
- an acoustic window 1 is provided by opening a part of the tip of the outer frame 93.
- an acoustic window la smaller than the acoustic window 1 is provided by opening a part of the tip of the inner sleeve 97, but the acoustic window la is not necessary when the acoustic media 5 and 5a are of the same quality.
- the acoustic window 1, la is a thin film made of a material that easily transmits ultrasonic waves, and is generally made of an organic material.
- the acoustic window 1 efficiently irradiates the affected part with ultrasonic waves and prevents contact between the non-disposable part such as the inner sleeve 97 and the fiber 3 and the affected part of the living body including the test tissue 8. Has an effect.
- the ultrasonic beam irradiated in the outer circumferential direction of the ultrasonic probe by the mirror 2 serving as the direction changing means is contacted with the ultrasonic probe via the acoustic window 1 and is applied to the test tissue 8 which is a diagnostic part. Irradiated.
- ultrasonic beam scanning is performed inside the ultrasonic probe through the acoustic window 1.
- Such beam scanning is performed by using the inner sleeve 97 that accommodates the fiber 3 connected to the transducer 17 and the like as described above.
- 11 is performed by reciprocating within the exterior body, that is, by reciprocating the acoustic window la relative to the acoustic window 1, and its width is generally 50 to 200 microns.
- the acoustic window 1 has a rectangular, elliptical, or polygonal shape having a width of 500 to 1000 microns.
- the mirror 2 is an example of direction changing means.
- the mirror 2 focuses the ultrasonic wave that has passed through the fiber 3, changes the angle, and sends it to the tissue 8 to be examined through the acoustic window la 1.
- the ultrasonic wave (echo) reflected from the test tissue 8 is transmitted to the fiber 3, and finally returned to the transducer 17.
- the material of fiber 3 is sapphire or quartz.
- the thickness of the outer frame 93 of the puncture needle is preferably 1 mm or less (caliber), but this is not necessary if it is not invasive to the living body!
- the thickness is not limited to lmm, and even in this case, if the examination of the tissue 8 can be performed in real time, The advantageous features of the present invention are not lost.
- the acoustic medium 5 is a medium for transmission connection from the fiber to the mirror and the acoustic window, and further through the reverse path.
- the acoustic impedance is substantially the same as that of a living body such as water or saline.
- annular member 42 Between the periphery of the tip of the fiber 3 and the inner wall 97a of the inner sleeve 97, a waterproof treatment is applied by an annular member 42.
- the annular member 42 does not interfere with the ultrasonic vibration in the longitudinal direction of the fiber 3, and the surrounding (fiber 3 and the inner wall 97a), the acoustic medium 5 does not penetrate.
- the inner cannula 97 is inserted into the outer frame 93 of the puncture needle portion 91 of the exterior body, and the inner cannula 97 is installed in the transducer 17, the fiber 3 connected to the transducer 17, and the acoustic medium. 5.
- the ultrasonic beam is scanned through the acoustic window 1 by fine reciprocation within the exterior body by the scanner mechanism 11 together with the mirror 2 and the like.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the second ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. Compared with the first embodiment, the fiber 3 formed by the inner sleeve 97 is directly inserted into the exterior body.
- the direction changing means such as the mirror 2 described in 5 is fixed to the tip of the hollow portion of the outer frame 93 of the puncture needle portion 91 (not shown).
- the ultrasonic irradiation point is fixed and the scanning operation is not performed. Since there is no inner sleeve, the diameter of the outer frame 93 of the puncture needle is smaller than in the case of the first embodiment. The diameter of the fiber 3 can be increased, or the dimensional margin of both can be increased.
- FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the puncture needle 91 of the ultrasonic probe according to the present invention.
- the tip of the fiber 3 is processed so that the cross-section becomes a paraboloid or a rotating paraboloid, instead of using a mirror as a direction changing means at a portion facing the tip of the fiber.
- the ultrasonic wave is converged by giving a mirror function to the obtained surface shape portion, and the angle is changed and sent to the tissue 8 to be examined through the acoustic window 1 to converge and change the direction of the ultrasonic wave.
- the direction changing means 2 is a tip portion of a fiber processed into a specific surface shape such as a paraboloid or a rotating paraboloid.
- the acoustic window 1 is made of a waterproof film that is interposed between the test tissue 8 and the acoustic medium 5a and transmits ultrasonic waves, and has a property (acoustic impedance) equivalent to that of the acoustic medium 5a.
- the acoustic medium 5 is unnecessary.
- a waterproof treatment by the annular member 43 is provided between the periphery of the tip of the fiber 3 and the inner wall 97a of the inner sleeve 97.
- the annular member 43 is structured so as not to prevent the ultrasonic vibration in the longitudinal direction of the fiber 3 and to prevent the acoustic medium 5a from penetrating into the surroundings (the space between the fiber 3 and the inner wall 97a).
- the inner sleeve 97 and the acoustic medium 5a are omitted, and the acoustic matching layer film 6 at the tip of the fiber 3 is in direct contact with and fixed to the acoustic window 1 for ultrasonic irradiation. It can be carried out.
- Example 8 A third embodiment of the puncture needle 91 of the ultrasonic probe according to the present invention is shown in FIG. According to this embodiment, an ultrasonic wave can be directly incident on the acoustic medium 5 from the fiber 3 without using the acoustic matching layer film as in Examples 5 and 7.
- the side force in the vicinity of the tip 3a of the fiber 3 is used by using an appropriate method such as making the shape of the side surface of the tip 3a of the fiber 3 into a tapered shape that gradually increases in diameter toward the forefront.
- the emitted surface wave is increased, and the direction is changed by using a reflecting means such as the first mirror 31 installed between the fiber 3 and the inner wall 97a of the inner sleeve 97, and is obliquely forward (in FIG. 6). Turn diagonally to the left.
- the mirror 31 is installed in the acoustic medium 5.
- the mirror 31 has, for example, a cylindrical shape having a rotational parabolic force so as to surround the entire side surface of the tip of the fiber 3.
- a surface wave emitted diagonally forward from the entire side surface of the tip of the fiber 3 is directed forward using the mirror 31 so as to approach the central axis of the fiber 3.
- the ultrasonic wave directed forward so as to approach the central axis of the fiber 3 is changed in direction by the second mirror 32, which is a flat plate provided in front of the front end 3a of the fiber 3, and is transmitted through the acoustic window 1 to be covered. Irradiate tissue 8.
- the flat mirror 32 is installed at an angle of 45 ° to the center axis of the fiber.
- the inner sleeve 97 is provided, and the above-described fiber 3, acoustic medium 5, mirror 31, and mirror 32 are all accommodated in the inner sleeve 97. Fixed against 97. (However, the fiber 3 is not fixed to the inner sleeve 97 in the ultrasonic region.)
- the puncture needle portion 91 of the outer package of the ultrasonic probe can be made disposable as in the case of the fifth embodiment, while the extending portion 92 of the outer package has the inner sleeve 97 and the high price inside thereof. Can be reused, including the most important items.
- the shape of the inner paraboloid of the mirror 31 and the mounting conditions (position, inclination, etc.) of the mirrors 31 and 32 are focused on the test tissue 8 where the ultrasound reflected by these mirrors is the region of interest. It is set as follows.
- a cylindrical first mirror having a radial surface treatment is provided around the side surface of the tip portion of the fiber 3 subjected to the taper treatment using the surface wave, and the tip of the fiber 3 is provided.
- a flat plate-like second mirror is provided in the front to irradiate the focused ultrasonic wave to the region of interest. According to this, since an acoustic matching layer film is not required, Loss can be minimized.
- the puncture needle type ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of the present invention passes through the body surface through the abdomen (liver, kidney, pancreas, viscera, gallbladder, spleen, stomach wall, intestinal wall, etc.), breast, thyroid gland, soft tissue (joint, Examination of tendons).
- an examination can be performed by inserting a puncture needle into the surgical application part and the incision part force during surgery.
- an ultrasonic diagnostic device to apply an ultrasonic probe to the surface of the body or an organ during surgery, and puncture while confirming the target site under an ultrasonic guide.
- a puncture needle is inserted into a body, ultrasonic waves are transmitted by an ultrasonic transmission / reception device and a transducer, are transmitted through a fiber, converged, changed directions, and ultrasonic waves are transmitted from an acoustic window to a tissue to be examined. It is also useful for ultrasonic inspection methods that send
- the ultrasonic wave reflected in the tissue returns to the ultrasonic transmission / reception device through the reverse path of the acoustic window force, and the received ultrasonic wave is converted into an image signal by the image construction device and displayed on the monitor.
- a tomographic image of a tissue is usually displayed as a B-mode image.
- the B-mode image is a cell level image.
- Cell-level images are different for normal cells and abnormal cells (for example, cancer cells).
- Doppler mode color Doppler Z power Doppler
- M mode indicating movement of heart valves, etc.
- the present invention can also be measured in the A mode (waveform), which is the most basic of the ultrasonic signal system.
- the puncture needle type ultrasonic probe diagnostic apparatus is, for example, a general ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that roughly identifies a target inspection site such as a tumor and observes the puncture needle while observing the body surface. It is preferable to use it when inserting it.
- a target inspection site such as a tumor
- the puncture needle while observing the body surface. It is preferable to use it when inserting it.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus since it is possible to use high-frequency and carpentry energy, it is possible to obtain an image having extremely high spatial resolution over a large penetration depth in the depth direction of the tissue to be examined. According to the spatial resolution, it is possible to obtain microscopic information at the cellular level.
- the thickness of the fiber used is usually about 20 to 150 microns, and the thickness of the puncture needle including the fiber is about 800 microns, so that the pain given to the subject is remarkably reduced.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic method of the present invention it is possible to simultaneously perform a microscopic pathological examination in real time together with the ultrasonic diagnosis, and to make a treatment plan for the patient upon completion of the diagnosis.
- the microscopic image information for pathological examination can be obtained immediately by puncturing the target organ directly from the incision in the operation during the operation, refer to the image information without interrupting the operation. Surgery can be continued.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2006535129A JP4815621B2 (ja) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-09-12 | 超音波プローブ及び超音波診断装置 |
US11/575,069 US8021305B2 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-09-12 | Ultrasound probe, ultrasonograph, and ultrasonography |
EP05778321A EP1800605A4 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-09-12 | ULTRASONIC PROBE, ECHOGRAPHER AND ULTRASONOGRAPHY |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2004264146 | 2004-09-10 | ||
JP2004-264146 | 2004-09-10 |
Publications (1)
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WO2006028249A1 true WO2006028249A1 (ja) | 2006-03-16 |
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PCT/JP2005/016775 WO2006028249A1 (ja) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-09-12 | 超音波プローブ、超音波診断装置、及び超音波診断方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8021305B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1800605A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4815621B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006028249A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2010104656A (ja) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-13 | Tokyo Metropolitan Univ | 超音波プローブ、超音波診断装置及び超音波診断方法 |
JP2018042185A (ja) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-03-15 | マイクロソニック株式会社 | 超音波伝送線路及び超音波利用装置 |
CN109717902A (zh) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-05-07 | 广州医科大学附属第二医院 | 摆动式腹腔超声探头及其使用方法 |
JP2021090181A (ja) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-06-10 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 超音波発生装置 |
WO2023074650A1 (ja) | 2021-10-27 | 2023-05-04 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 超音波発生装置及び超音波発生システム |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2009112356A (ja) * | 2007-11-02 | 2009-05-28 | Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Co Llc | 超音波診断装置 |
US8197413B2 (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2012-06-12 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Transducers, devices and systems containing the transducers, and methods of manufacture |
WO2009150563A2 (en) * | 2008-06-12 | 2009-12-17 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Biopsy device with acoustic element |
JP6084424B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-04 | 2017-02-22 | 東芝メディカルシステムズ株式会社 | 超音波診断装置 |
CN108882920A (zh) * | 2016-02-13 | 2018-11-23 | 普渡研究基金会 | 光声导管和使用该光声导管的成像*** |
CN109528234B (zh) * | 2018-12-31 | 2022-02-08 | 深圳北芯生命科技股份有限公司 | 带滚珠的血管内超声装置 |
CN109528233B (zh) * | 2018-12-31 | 2022-02-08 | 深圳北芯生命科技股份有限公司 | 带减震机构的血管内超声装置 |
CN111110279A (zh) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-08 | 卓瑞姆生物技术有限公司 | 一种超声成像设备及其成像方法 |
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- 2005-09-12 EP EP05778321A patent/EP1800605A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-12 US US11/575,069 patent/US8021305B2/en active Active
- 2005-09-12 WO PCT/JP2005/016775 patent/WO2006028249A1/ja active Application Filing
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Cited By (9)
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JP2010104656A (ja) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-13 | Tokyo Metropolitan Univ | 超音波プローブ、超音波診断装置及び超音波診断方法 |
JP2018042185A (ja) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-03-15 | マイクロソニック株式会社 | 超音波伝送線路及び超音波利用装置 |
CN109717902A (zh) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-05-07 | 广州医科大学附属第二医院 | 摆动式腹腔超声探头及其使用方法 |
CN109717902B (zh) * | 2019-01-23 | 2024-02-23 | 广州医科大学附属第二医院 | 摆动式腹腔超声探头及其使用方法 |
JP2021090181A (ja) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-06-10 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 超音波発生装置 |
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JP7265977B2 (ja) | 2019-12-06 | 2023-04-27 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 超音波発生装置 |
WO2023074650A1 (ja) | 2021-10-27 | 2023-05-04 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 超音波発生装置及び超音波発生システム |
KR20240056568A (ko) | 2021-10-27 | 2024-04-30 | 니혼도꾸슈도교 가부시키가이샤 | 초음파 발생 장치 및 초음파 발생 시스템 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1800605A1 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
US20080097217A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
JPWO2006028249A1 (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
US8021305B2 (en) | 2011-09-20 |
EP1800605A4 (en) | 2009-10-14 |
JP4815621B2 (ja) | 2011-11-16 |
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