WO2005125072A2 - Digital rights management system - Google Patents
Digital rights management system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005125072A2 WO2005125072A2 PCT/IL2005/000580 IL2005000580W WO2005125072A2 WO 2005125072 A2 WO2005125072 A2 WO 2005125072A2 IL 2005000580 W IL2005000580 W IL 2005000580W WO 2005125072 A2 WO2005125072 A2 WO 2005125072A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- content
- application
- mobile telephone
- request
- access
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/10—Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material ; Digital rights management [DRM]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
- H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
- H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
- H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
Definitions
- the present invention relates to digital rights management (DRM) systems and in particular to DRM systems useful in conjunction with mobile telephony systems.
- DRM digital rights management
- the DRM server is typically also provided, from the content server or from another appropriate source, with access rules indicating which entities are to be enabled to access the content, and with what rights; typical examples of rights include the following non-limiting list: no access; render only; render only a certain number of times; free preview, copy once; and copy many.
- the DRM server typically outputs scrambled or encrypted content (termed herein "scrambled content"), scrambled or encrypted in accordance with any appropriate scrambling or encryption scheme, such as, for example, AES or triple-DES.
- the terms “scrambled” and “encrypted”, in all their grammatical forms, are used interchangeably throughout the present specification to refer to any appropriate form of scrambling or encrypting, as is well-known in the ait.
- the DRM server typically outputs a key for descrambling or decrypting the content.
- such a key may be supplied "as is" or in, for example, any of the following forms: encrypted with one or more group keys, as is well-known in the art; as an entitlement control message (ECM) for input to a one-way function at a receiver of the ECM in order to produce the key; as an encrypted ECM for decryption at a receiver of the ECM (such as a mobile device), it being appreciated that the ECM form is particularly useful in broadcast systems such as the well-known DVB-H; as an encrypted key within a rights object.
- ECM entitlement control message
- Typical methods useful in handling such keys are described, for example, in the following patents and published patent applications, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference: US Patents 5,282,249 and 5,481,609 to Cohen et al; and GB Published Patent Application 2353682 of NDS Limited and corresponding US Patent Application S/N 09/502,867 of Itkis.
- the DRM server typically outputs one or more tamper resistant or tamper proof rights objects, each rights object including appropriate information implementing one or more of the access rules as described above, for interpretation by a DRM agent associated with the receiver of the content.
- content is sent to a content receiver and stored in secured form.
- a secure application interprets one or more rights objects associated with the device or user who has requested a particular type of access (rendering in the present example). If rendering by the requestor is permitted, the secure application determines the content key (using an appropriate method based on the manner in which the content key is encrypted or otherwise protected, as described above) and provides the content as requested (in the present example, renders the content).
- Digital rights management systems useful in connection with mobile telephony typically face certain challenges because of the nature of the mobile telephone handset environment, the mobile telephone handset being the receiver in the case of a mobile telephony system.
- the present invention seeks to provide an improved digital rights management system.
- the present invention in preferred embodiments thereof, teaches an improved digital rights management system for a mobile telephone including applications running thereon that cannot decrypt encrypted data.
- the inventors of the present invention believe that it is often difficult or undesirable, whether for technical or for business reasons or both, to provide a secure application for accessing content stored on a mobile telephone handset. The difficulty arises because of the necessity of customizing each application as described above; generally, each application must be customized differently for different mobile handsets.
- the inventors of the present invention believe that it would be preferable to use a standard, commercially available application, and to provide additional elements to complete a secure DRM environment on the handset; in such an environment, it should be possible to avoid storing content "in the clear". Furthermore, in such an environment, the extra time, storage, and CPU usage that would otherwise be needed to produce a temporary copy, as described above, can be saved.
- the present invention in preferred embodiments thereof, seeks to provide such a solution by adapting a device driver to control access to encrypted data by validating application requests to the data.
- the data is preferably decrypted and transferred by streaming or on a block-by-block basis to the requesting application so that the data does not need to be stored in a decrypted format on the disk even temporarily.
- the requesting application is typically validated using techniques, such as, application name or hash function validation.
- the data is validated based on a behavior of the application, for example, but not limited to, intended usage of the data or a recognized access pattern to the data by the requesting application.
- the data is validated based on whether the data is suitable for running on the requesting application.
- a digital rights management system for a mobile telephone including a controlled content disk to store content in an encrypted format, and a mobile telephone processor to run a plurality of mobile telephone applications and a secure device driver thereon, the mobile telephone processor being operationally associated with the controlled content disk, the mobile telephone applications being unable to decrypt content from the encrypted format, the secure device driver having a receiving module to receive a request from one of the mobile, telephone applications to access the. content, a validation module to validate the request, and a transport module to substantially directly transfer the content to the one mobile telephone application, contingent upon a positive result of the validating of the validation module.
- the controlled content disk includes a secure section to store data therein such that the data stored in the secure section is unavailable to the mobile telephone applications. Still further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the secure section is adapted such that the data stored in the secure section is hidden from the mobile telephone applications. Additionally in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the data of the secure section includes rights objects. Moreover in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the data of the secure section includes at least one of codes, keys and identification data. Further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the data of the secure section includes digital rights management database information.
- the validation module validates the request in accordance with at least one right of the one mobile telephone application. Additionally in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the validation module validates the request based on a name of the one mobile telephone application. Moreover in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the validation module validates the request based on a secure wrapper of the one mobile telephone application, the secure wrapper including a digitally signed hash of the one mobile telephone application. Further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the validation module is adapted to validate the request based upon a behavior of the one mobile telephone application.
- the transport module is adapted to transfer the content solely in an encrypted format to the one mobile telephone application upon a negative result of the validating of the validation module.
- the validation module includes a differentiation section to differentiate between a plurality of request types of the one mobile telephone application, such that the validation module validates the request based upon the request type of the request.
- the request types include at least one of access for play and access for sending.
- the differentiation section determines the request type by examining the access characteristics of the one mobile telephone application.
- the differentiation section determines the request type by examining the stack of the one mobile telephone application.
- the transport module includes a decryption section to decrypt the content, such that decrypted content is transferred to the one mobile telephone application.
- the behavior includes an access pattern of the one mobile telephone application. Further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the access pattern is based on an order in which the one mobile telephone application accesses different parts of the content. Still further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the access pattern is based on the one mobile telephone application never legitimately accessing a part of a file including the content.
- the validation module is adapted to validate the request based upon whether the one mobile telephone application is able to run the content.
- a system for managing access by at least one application to content stored in a controlled content disk including a receiving module to receive a request from the application to access the content, a validation module to validate the request based upon a behavior of the application, and a transport module to transfer the content, from the controlled content disk to the application, contingent upon a positive result of the validating of the validation module.
- the transport module is adapted to transfer the content solely in an encrypted format to the application upon a negative result of the validating of the validation module.
- the validation module includes a differentiation section to differentiate between a plurality of request types of the application, such that the validation module validates the request based upon a behavior of the application for the request type of the request.
- the request types include at least one of access for play and access for sending.
- the differentiation section determines the request type by examining the access characteristics of the application.
- the differentiation section determines the request type by examining the stack of the application.
- the transport module includes a decryption section to decrypt the content, such that decrypted content is transferred to the application.
- the behavior includes an access pattern of the application. Additionally in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the access pattern is based on an order in which the application accesses different parts of the content. Moreover in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the access pattern is based on the application never legitimately accessing a part of a file including the content.
- a system for managing access by at least one application to content stored in a controlled content disk including a receiving module to receive a request from the application to access the content, a validation module to validate the request based upon whether the one application is able to run the content, and a transport module to transfer the content, from the controlled content disk to the application, contingent upon a positive result of the validating of the validation module.
- the transport module is adapted to transfer the content solely in an encrypted format to the application upon a negative result of the validating of the validation module.
- the transport module includes a decryption section to decrypt the content, such that decrypted content is transferred to the application.
- a method for managing rights to content by mobile telephone applications of a mobile telephone including receiving a request from one of the mobile telephone applications to access the content, validating the request, and substantially directly transferring the content to the one mobile telephone application, contingent upon a positive result of the validating.
- a method for managing access by at least one application to content stored in a controlled content disk including receiving a request from the application to access the content, validating the request based upon a behavior of the application, and transferring the content from the controlled content disk to the application, contingent upon a positive result of the validating.
- a method for managing access by at least one application to content stored in a controlled content disk including receiving a request from the application to access the content, validating the request based upon whether the content is suitable for running by the one application, and transferring the content, from the controlled content disk to the application, contingent upon a positive result of the validating of the validation module.
- Fig. 1 is a simplified block diagram illustration of a mobile telephone handset incorporating a digital rights management (DRM) system, constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a simplified block diagram illustration of the typical access behavior of an application running on the system of Fig. 1
- Fig. 3 is a simplified block diagram of the application of Fig. 2 being denied access to content
- Fig. 4 is a simplified block diagram of a type A application, accessing type A authorized content, running on the system of Fig. 1
- Fig. 5 is a simplified block diagram of the type A application of Fig.
- a mobile telephone is used by way of example only, and that the present invention is not limited to a particular type of host device, but rather includes any suitable device. Additionally, persons skilled in the art will appreciate that, throughout the present application, a mobile telephone application is used by way of example only, and that the present invention is not limited to a particular type of application, but rather includes any suitable application.
- Fig. 1 is a simplified block diagram illustration of a mobile telephone handset 10 incorporating a digital rights management (DRM) system 12, constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- DRM digital rights management
- the mobile telephone handset 10 typically includes a disk 14 for storage of content and other data thereon.
- the disk 14 preferably includes a normal disk 32 for storing uncontrolled content.
- the mobile telephone handset 10 also generally includes conventional components (not shown) well-known in the art of mobile telephony.
- the DRM system 12 preferably includes a controlled content disk 16 to store content in an encrypted format, using any appropriate encryption method, and a mobile telephone processor 18.
- the mobile telephone processor 18 is generally adapted to run a plurality of mobile telephone applications 20 and a secure device driver 22 thereon.
- the mobile telephone processor 18 is typically operationally associated with the controlled content disk 16 by being electrically connected thereto.
- the mobile telephone applications 20 are generally unable to decrypt content from the encrypted format.
- the mobile telephone applications 20 include a type A player 36, a type B player 38, and a type X player 40, which are typically implemented in software. It will be appreciated that, in Fig. 1, the type A player 36, the type B player 38, and the type X player 40 are shown by way of example only; in practice, more or fewer mobile telephone applications 20, including applications which are not players (such as, for example, a file manager) may be used.
- the type A player 36 may comprise an authorized JPEG player
- the type B player 38 may comprise an authorized MPEG-4 player
- the type X player 40 may comprise a non-authorized player of any appropriate type.
- the normal disk 32 is shown in Fig.
- the controlled content disk 16 is shown in Fig. 1, by way of example only, as storing the following content: 1. Content having content ID (CLD) 500, which comprises controlled type A content whose use is authorized. 2. Content having content LD (CLD) 501, which comprises controlled type A content whose use is unauthorized. 3.
- CLD Content having content ID
- CLD Content having content LD
- the controlled content disk 16 typically includes a secure section to store data therein such that the data stored in the secure section is unavailable to the mobile telephone applications 20.
- the data of the secure section is typically hidden from the mobile telephone applications 20. Therefore, the secure section is generally called a hidden area 34 of the controlled content disk 16.
- the hidden area 34 generally stores rights objects (RO) for CID 500, CLD 501, and CLD 502, and secret information to be stored (codes, keys for decrypting content stored in the controlled content disk 16, or identification data such as local phone information (for example, but not limited to the International Mobile Equipment Identity (LMEI) number or Mobile Subscriber Identity Number (MSLDN)), which are well known in the art, a secure random seed received from the secure device driver 22 during sign-up, information used to verify certificates, keys used to protect content, keys used to protect and / or verify rights information and / or rights objects, and sensitive public key infrastructure (PKI) information), and any needed DRM database information (such as, for example, a database recording instances of access to content, used to enforce constraints and other local secure DRM functions, such as implementing a right to access or to render a particular content item only a certain number of times).
- RO rights objects
- secret information to be stored codes, keys for decrypting content stored in the controlled content disk 16, or identification data such as local phone information (for example
- the normal disk 32, the controlled content disk 16, and the hidden area 34 are typically implemented in a combination of hardware (such as, for example, flash memory) and software (such as, for example, the secure device driver 22).
- the controlled content disk 16 is typically part of the disk 14 allocated by the secure device driver 22.
- the secure device driver 22 is typically provided when removable flash memory is purchased, so that provision of the secure device driver 22 would be especially easy in such a case.
- the secure device driver 22 preferably includes a receiving module 24, a validation module 26 and a transport module 28.
- the receiving module 24 generally receives requests from the mobile telephone applications 20 to access the content stored in the controlled content disk 16.
- the validation module 26 preferably validates the request. Only the mobile telephone applications 20 which are authorized to access content are typically allowed to have any access at all to content which is stored in the controlled content disk 16. In some cases, the validation module 26 validates the request based on a name of the requesting mobile telephone application 20. In other cases, valid applications ' may be supplied with a secure "wrapper", including an appropriate digitally signed hash of the application (using any appropriate hashing and digital signature techniques, as are well known in the art); the validation module 26 validates the request based on the secure wrapper of the requesting mobile telephone applications 20 by verifying the signature and the hash in order to more securely verify the identity of the application.
- the validation module 26 validates the request in accordance with rights objects associated with the mobile telephone applications 20, as is well-known in the art of digital rights management. Other validation methods are described with reference to Figs. 2 to 5. It will be appreciated by those ordinarily skilled in the art that the validation methods of Figs. 1 to 5 can be used separately or in any suitable combination thereof.
- the transport module 28 preferably includes a decryption section 30 to decrypt the requested content, such that decrypted content is transferred to the requesting mobile telephone application 20.
- the transport module 28 is generally adapted to substantially directly transfer the decrypted (“in the clear") content to the requesting mobile telephone application 20, contingent upon a positive result of the validating of the validation module 26.
- substantially directly used in the claims and specification is defined as transferring the decrypted (“in the clear") content from the controlled content disk 16 to the requesting mobile telephone application 20, without storing the entire requested decrypted content even in a temporary location at the same time.
- Direct transfer of the content is typically performed by, for example, but not limited to streaming or a block-by-block transfer of the decrypted content to the requesting mobile telephone application 20. It should be noted that even though it is preferable for the content not to be stored in a decrypted format even temporarily, some of the content may be stored temporarily in the input buffer of the mobile telephone application 20 while the content is waiting to be played by the mobile telephone application 20.
- Careful control by the mobile telephone processor 18 is generally required to ensure that the input buffer of the requesting mobile telephone application 20 is minimized. Preferably, the content is never stored even partially on the disk 14.
- the first option is for the secure device driver 22 to deny access to the requested content.
- the second option is for the transport module 28 to transfer the content solely in an encrypted format to the requesting mobile telephone application 20.
- Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that, based on the above- described attributes of Figs. 1, many desirable security features are achieved. If, for example, a file manager (not being an authorized application), attempts to perform a directory operation on the controlled content disk 16, the result is that the controlled content disk 16 generally appears to be empty.
- Fig. 2 is a simplified block diagram illustration of the typical access behavior of the type A player 36 running on the DRM system 12 of Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 is a simplified block diagram of the type A player 36 of Fig. 2 being denied access to the content.
- whether or not an application is valid can be determined by application behavior.
- the validation module 26 is adapted to validate the request for the controlled content based upon a behavior of the requesting mobile telephone application 20.
- the behavior typically includes an access pattern of the requesting mobile telephone application 20, for example, but not limited to the order in which the requesting mobile telephone application 20 generally accesses different parts of the content.
- the access pattern might be based on the determination that a valid mobile telephone application 20 never legitimately accesses some part of a file containing the content.
- Another example, shown in Fig. 2, is where it is determined that the type A player 36 always reads the beginning of the file (arrow 1), then the end of the file (arrow 2), and then reads back to the beginning of the file (arrow 3).
- the validation module 26 includes a differentiation section 42 to differentiate between different request types (for example, but not limited to access for play and access for sending) of the same mobile telephone application 20, such that the validation module 26 typically validates the request based upon the request type of the request.
- the differentiation section 42 generally determines the request type by examining the access characteristics of the requesting mobile telephone application 20 or by examining the stack of the requesting mobile telephone application 20. For example, say the requesting mobile telephone application 20 is a video player but also has in the menu "Send via infrared" for video files. To support superdistribution, differentiation section 42 differentiates between access for play and access for sending, so that for play, the secure device driver 22 transfers decrypted data, and for sending, the secure device driver 22 transfers encrypted data.
- Figs. 4 and 5 Reference is also made to Fig. 1.
- Fig. 4 is a simplified block diagram of the type A player 36, accessing type A content (CLD 500). Fig.
- the validation module 26 is adapted to validate the request of the requesting mobile telephone application 20 based upon whether the requesting mobile telephone application 20 is able to run the content so that the mobile telephone applications 20 are only supplied with content which is appropriate for the requesting application.
- the type A player 36 is able to run type A content (CID 500), and the type A player 36 is generally authorized for the CLD 500 content, therefore the secure device driver 22 transfers decrypted content directly to the type A player 36.
- CID 500 type A content
- the secure device driver 22 transfers decrypted content directly to the type A player 36.
- the type A player 36 is preferably not in a position to request access to the type B content (CID 502), since the content with CLD 502 is type B content, and the secure device driver 22 preferably does not even allow the type A player 36 to be "aware" of the existence of the C D 502 content. However, should the type A player 36 request such access, the CLD 502 content is generally not supplied. Reference is again made to Fig. 1. By way of example, the type A player 36 requests access to the content with CID 501. While the CLD 501 content is of type A, the type A player 36 is not authorized for the CID 501 content; the CLD 501 content is therefore generally not supplied.
- the type B player 38 is preferably not “aware" of the CID 500 and CLD 501 content, but is allowed access to the CLD 502 content.
- the type X player 40 which does not comprise an authorized application, is preferably not “aware” of any content stored in the controlled content disk 16, but if the type X player 40 somehow requests access to such content, the content is generally not supplied.
- various features of the invention which are, for clarity, described in the contexts of separate embodiments may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment.
- various features of the invention which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment may also be provided separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
- the present invention is not limited by what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Rather the scope of the invention is defined only by the claims which follow.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/592,650 US8181255B2 (en) | 2004-06-22 | 2005-06-02 | Digital rights management system |
EP05747258A EP1759477A4 (en) | 2004-06-22 | 2005-06-02 | Digital rights management system |
IL178126A IL178126A (en) | 2004-06-22 | 2006-09-14 | Digital rights management system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US58211404P | 2004-06-22 | 2004-06-22 | |
US60/582,114 | 2004-06-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005125072A2 true WO2005125072A2 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
WO2005125072A3 WO2005125072A3 (en) | 2006-02-02 |
Family
ID=35510446
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IL2005/000580 WO2005125072A2 (en) | 2004-06-22 | 2005-06-02 | Digital rights management system |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1759477A4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005125072A2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
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WO2009088709A3 (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2009-10-15 | Sandisk Il Ltd. | Storage device having direct user access |
US8359654B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2013-01-22 | Sandisk Technologies Inc. | Digital content distribution and consumption |
US8370402B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2013-02-05 | Sandisk Il Ltd | Dual representation of stored digital content |
US8583878B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2013-11-12 | Sandisk Il Ltd. | Storage device having direct user access |
WO2014100756A1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Mobile Iron, Inc. | Secure mobile app connection bus |
US9098506B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2015-08-04 | Sandisk Il, Ltd. | Data indexing by local storage device |
US9866382B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2018-01-09 | Mobile Iron, Inc. | Secure app-to-app communication |
US10223509B2 (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2019-03-05 | Bothnic Information Co. Ltd. | Device of licensing program, program transaction device and method of licensing program |
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US20050070248A1 (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-03-31 | Neeraj Gaur | Method and system for maintaining media objects when switching mobile devices |
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- 2005-06-02 EP EP05747258A patent/EP1759477A4/en not_active Ceased
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US8583878B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2013-11-12 | Sandisk Il Ltd. | Storage device having direct user access |
CN102012790A (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2011-04-13 | 桑迪士克以色列有限公司 | Storage device having direct user access |
WO2009088709A3 (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2009-10-15 | Sandisk Il Ltd. | Storage device having direct user access |
US8959285B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2015-02-17 | Sandisk Technologies Inc. | Storage system with local and remote storage devices which are managed by the local storage device |
US10289349B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2019-05-14 | Sandisk Il, Ltd. | Data usage profiling by local storage device |
JP2011513804A (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2011-04-28 | サンディスク アイエル リミテッド | Storage devices that receive direct user access |
US8359654B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2013-01-22 | Sandisk Technologies Inc. | Digital content distribution and consumption |
US8370850B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2013-02-05 | Sandisk Il Ltd. | Cache management |
US8370402B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2013-02-05 | Sandisk Il Ltd | Dual representation of stored digital content |
US8452927B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2013-05-28 | Sandisk Technologies Inc. | Distributed storage service systems and architecture |
CN101976315A (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2011-02-16 | 桑迪士克以色列有限公司 | Storage device having direct user access |
EP2249253A1 (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2010-11-10 | SanDisk IL Ltd. | Storage device having direct user access |
EP2249254A3 (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2011-02-23 | SanDisk IL Ltd. | Storage device having direct user access |
US9098506B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2015-08-04 | Sandisk Il, Ltd. | Data indexing by local storage device |
US9059974B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2015-06-16 | Mobile Iron, Inc. | Secure mobile app connection bus |
CN105027493A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-11-04 | 移动熨斗公司 | Secure mobile app connection bus |
US9866382B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2018-01-09 | Mobile Iron, Inc. | Secure app-to-app communication |
WO2014100756A1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Mobile Iron, Inc. | Secure mobile app connection bus |
US10284369B2 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2019-05-07 | Mobile Iron, Inc. | Secure app-to-app communication |
US10223509B2 (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2019-03-05 | Bothnic Information Co. Ltd. | Device of licensing program, program transaction device and method of licensing program |
EP3029589B1 (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2023-08-30 | Bothnic Information Co. Ltd. | Device for permitting program, program transaction device and method for permitting program thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1759477A2 (en) | 2007-03-07 |
EP1759477A4 (en) | 2010-01-13 |
WO2005125072A3 (en) | 2006-02-02 |
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