WO2005120749A1 - Sintered metal parts and method for the manufacturing thereof - Google Patents
Sintered metal parts and method for the manufacturing thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005120749A1 WO2005120749A1 PCT/SE2005/000908 SE2005000908W WO2005120749A1 WO 2005120749 A1 WO2005120749 A1 WO 2005120749A1 SE 2005000908 W SE2005000908 W SE 2005000908W WO 2005120749 A1 WO2005120749 A1 WO 2005120749A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- sintered
- mpa
- powder metallurgical
- compacted
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
- C22C33/0228—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy comprising other non-metallic compounds or more than 5% of graphite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
- B22F3/164—Partial deformation or calibration
- B22F2003/166—Surface calibration, blasting, burnishing, sizing, coining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
Definitions
- the present invention refers to powder metallurgy and more specifically to pre-alloyed chromium powder metal parts with improved fatigue properties.
- sintered products made by powder metallurgy are advantageous in cost over ingot steels obtained through forging and rolling steps and has wide utility as parts in e.g. motor vehicles.
- the sintered product has pores which are inevitably formed during the course of its fabrication. These remaining pores of the sintered powder-metallurgical materials impair the mechanical properties of the materials, as compared with completely dense materials. This is a result of the pores acting as stress concentrations and also because the pores reduce the effective volume under stress.
- strength, ductility, fatigue strength, macro-hardness etc. in iron-based powder-metallurgical materials decrease as the porosity increases.
- Distaloy ® HP available from H ⁇ ganas AB ® , Sweden, is a steel powder possible for use in high perform- ing purposes.
- this Distaloy ® -powder the base-powder is alloyed with nickel, which is an expensive alloying element.
- This high performing material is therefore rather costly and there is a need for less expensive materials, which have at least as good fatigue strength.
- One route to improve the fatigue performance of powder metallurgical steels are secondary operations.
- shot peening Through hardening, case hardening or shot peening (or a combina- tion) are possible processes to get highest possible fatigue resistance of a component. Shot peening is normally performed in order to utilize the beneficial influence of compressive residual stresses in the surface. Pores open to the surface are weak points in powder metallurgical materials. These pores are at least partly neutralized by introduction of surface compression residual stresses.
- Shot peening of compacted parts is disclosed in e.g. the US patent 6 171 546. According to this patent the shot peening is followed by a final sintering step.
- An iron- based powder containing i. a. nickel is used as starting material.
- nickel is expensive.
- Other disadvantages with nickel containing powders are dusting problems which may occur during the processing of the powder, and which may cause allergic reactions also in minor amounts . The use of nickel should thus be avoided.
- the US patent application 2004/0177719 relates to a method including shot peening.
- this application discloses a method, wherein a portion of the surface of a compacted part is subjected to shot peening after sintering. According to this application a densifying process involving powder forging or sizing is necessary in order improve the prop- erties of the final compacted part.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cost effective process for the preparation of powder metallurgical components with high fatigue strength without any steps for achieving core densification . Another object is to provide a process involving powder materials, which are free from nickel.
- components having high fatigue strength can be obtained by shot peening of sintered components prepared from iron based powders distinguished by low levels of chromium and molybdenum.
- the powders used in the present invention are pre-alloyed iron-base powders comprising low amounts of chromium and molybdenum.
- a preferred amount is 1.3-3.5% by weight of chromium and 0.15-0.7% by weight of molybdenum.
- the pow- der may also contain small amounts, 0.09 to 0.3% by weight, of manganese and inevitable impurities.
- Such powders are known from the US patent 6 348 080 and WO 03/106079.
- the base powder is further mixed with graphite to obtain the desired strength in the material.
- the amount of graphite which is mixed with the iron-base powder is 0.1- 1.0%, preferably 0.15-0.85%.
- the powder mixture is compacted in a die to produce a green body.
- the compaction pressure is at least 600 MPa, preferably at least 700 MPa and more preferably 800 MPa.
- the compaction can be performed by cold compaction or warm compaction. After the compaction the obtained green part is sintered at a sintering temperature above 1100°C, preferably above 1220°C.
- the sintering atmosphere is preferably a mix of nitrogen and hydrogen.
- a normal cooling rate in the sintering process is 0.8°C/s, a range between 0.5°C/s and 1.0°C/s is preferred.
- the sintered density is preferably above 7.15 g/cm 3 , more preferably above 7.3 g/cm 3 .
- the obtained microstructure in the as-sinterd material is mainly fine- pearlitic with a lower chromium and molybdenum content and martensitic or lower bainitic for slightly higher chromium and molybdenum content .
- the degree of shot peening as defined by Almen A intensity is preferably between 0.20 and 0.37 mm.
- Secondary operations e.g. through hardening and case hardening, can be performed before the shot peening in order to improve the properties even more.
- the material is mainly martensitic and the fatigue limit is raised by shotpeening.
- the martensite in the surface which is formed during case hardening is believed to form compres- sive stresses, which is beneficial for the fatigue limit.
- Sinterhardening is an alternative process which is applied in the sintering process. Sinterhardening uses forced cooling at the end of the sintering process of the components which results in a hardened structure.
- the fatigue tests have been performed on notched specimen with a stress concentration factor, K t , of 1.38 and on un-notched specimen.
- the tests show a greater increase in bending fatigue limit when shot peening notched specimen than when the shot peening is performed on un-notched specimen.
- the expression "notched” in this context refers to a specimen or component having a stress concentration factor above 1.3.
- the invention is illustrated by the following non- limiting examples .
- Example 1 Two pre-alloyed base-powders, Astaloy ® CrL and Astaloy ® CrM, and one diffusion-alloyed base powder, Distaloy ® HP, are included in the study.
- Distaloy ® HP is diffusion- alloyed with Ni and Cu and pre-alloyed with Mo. The three materials included in this study are shown in Table 1.
- the microstructure of Astaloy CrL with sintered carbon below 0.6% and cooling rate about 0.8°C/s is upper bainite. Increased carbon above 0.74% changes the microstruc- ture to fine pearlite.
- Microstructure analysis of 1120°C sintered Astaloy CrM materials and cooling rate 0.8°C/s and with sintered carbon levels between 0.32% and 0.49% show a dense upper bainitic microstructure.
- Dense upper bainite has the same characteristics as regular upper bainite, i.e. an irregular mix of ferrite and cementite . The differences are the smaller distances between carbides and sizes of the carbides. Increased sintered carbon shifts the microstruc- ture to a mix of martensite and lower bainite.
- Table 3 shows influence of compaction pressure and carbon level for cold compacted Astaloy CrL. All materials were sintered at 1120°C for 30 min. in 90/10 N 2 /H 2 .
- table 3 a summary of plane bending fatigue performance of Astaloy CrL at two compaction pressures and two levels of additional graphite. Std. dev. ⁇ 5 indicates that the scatter is small and the MPIF standard 56 evaluation of standard deviation cannot be applied. The specimen in table 3 are un-notched. Table 3
- Influence of sintering temperature on the fatigue performance with un-notched specimen is shown in Table 4.
- the microstructures of the materials in table 4 are characterized by mainly upper bainite (1120°C 0.58%C) and fine pearlite (1120°C, 0.77%C and 1250°C, 0.74%C).
- the materials are sintered at 1280°C for 30 min in H 2 . Cooling rate is 0.8°C/s.
- the shot peening is performed to obtain an Almen A inten- sity of 0.32 mm.
- Estimated plane bending fatigue performance of as sintered and as-sintered plus shot peened samples is shown in table 5.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MXPA06014234A MXPA06014234A (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2005-06-13 | Sintered metal parts and method for the manufacturing thereof. |
AU2005252150A AU2005252150B2 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2005-06-13 | Sintered metal parts and method for the manufacturing thereof |
CA002570236A CA2570236A1 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2005-06-13 | Sintered metal parts and method for the manufacturing thereof |
BRPI0512041-1A BRPI0512041A (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2005-06-13 | sintered metal parts and method of manufacture |
JP2007516433A JP4825200B2 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2005-06-13 | Powder metallurgy parts and manufacturing method thereof |
EP05752520A EP1771268A1 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2005-06-13 | Sintered metal parts and method for the manufacturing thereof |
UAA200700314A UA85245C2 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2005-06-13 | method of manufacturing parts with high fatigue resistance, part manufactured by the method (embodiments) and its use |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0401535A SE0401535D0 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2004-06-14 | Sintered metal parts and method of manufacturing thereof |
SE0401535-0 | 2004-06-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005120749A1 true WO2005120749A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
Family
ID=32710055
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE2005/000908 WO2005120749A1 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2005-06-13 | Sintered metal parts and method for the manufacturing thereof |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1771268A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4825200B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100475389C (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005252150B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0512041A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2570236A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA06014234A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2345867C2 (en) |
SE (1) | SE0401535D0 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI290073B (en) |
UA (1) | UA85245C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005120749A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200610348B (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008231538A (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-10-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | Ferrous sintered compact and its manufacturing method |
RU2454473C1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-06-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственное предприятие Вакууммаш" | Worn-out seal of turbomachine |
RU2455116C1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-07-10 | Общество с Ограниченной Ответственностью "Научно-производственное предприятие "Вакууммаш" | Abrasive turbine gland element |
EP3296418A1 (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2018-03-21 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Manufacturing method of wear-resistant iron-based sintered alloy and wear-resistant iron-based sintered alloy |
EP2200769B1 (en) | 2007-09-03 | 2018-10-31 | Miba Sinter Austria GmbH | Method of producing a sinter-hardened component |
RU2703669C1 (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-10-21 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-технический центр "Уралавиаспецтехнология" | Abradable insert of turbine seal |
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MX360038B (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2018-10-18 | Hoeganaes Ab Publ | Iron based powders for powder injection molding. |
JP2015508455A (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2015-03-19 | ホガナス アクチボラグ (パブル) | New metal powder and use thereof |
JP5636605B2 (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2014-12-10 | 住友電工焼結合金株式会社 | Method for manufacturing sintered parts |
CN103008648B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2015-04-15 | 杭州东华链条集团有限公司 | Novel manufacturing method of maintenance-free chain |
DE102013212528A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 | 2014-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Process for producing a steel shaped body |
RU2588979C1 (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2016-07-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВПО "КубГТУ") | Method of producing high-density powder chromium containing material based on iron |
CN108779523A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2018-11-09 | 霍加纳斯股份有限公司 | Iron-based powder |
US11668298B2 (en) | 2018-11-07 | 2023-06-06 | Hyundai Motor Company | Slide of variable oil pump for vehicle and method of manufacturing the same |
US20230350103A1 (en) | 2019-10-17 | 2023-11-02 | Nippon Sheet Glass Company, Limited | Glass body |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03130349A (en) | 1989-06-24 | 1991-06-04 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Ferrous sintered parts material excellent in fatigue strength and its production |
WO1994014557A1 (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1994-07-07 | Stackpole Limited | Method of producing bearings |
US5512236A (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1996-04-30 | Stackpole Limited | Sintered coining process |
US6171546B1 (en) | 1996-06-14 | 2001-01-09 | Högan{umlaut over (a)}s AB | Powder metallurgical body with compacted surface |
US20040177719A1 (en) | 2003-10-03 | 2004-09-16 | Kosco John C. | Powder metal materials and parts and methods of making the same |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3346139B2 (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 2002-11-18 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Iron-based sintered alloy connecting rod with a mechanically fractured surface between the rod and cap |
SE9800154D0 (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 1998-01-21 | Hoeganaes Ab | Steel powder for the preparation of sintered products |
JP3736838B2 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2006-01-18 | 日立粉末冶金株式会社 | Mechanical fuse and manufacturing method thereof |
SE0201824D0 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2002-06-14 | Hoeganaes Ab | Pre-alloyed iron based powder |
JP2004115868A (en) * | 2002-09-26 | 2004-04-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method for manufacturing sintered member |
-
2004
- 2004-06-14 SE SE0401535A patent/SE0401535D0/en unknown
-
2005
- 2005-06-13 EP EP05752520A patent/EP1771268A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-06-13 ZA ZA200610348A patent/ZA200610348B/en unknown
- 2005-06-13 CA CA002570236A patent/CA2570236A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-06-13 JP JP2007516433A patent/JP4825200B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-13 BR BRPI0512041-1A patent/BRPI0512041A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-06-13 CN CNB2005800193408A patent/CN100475389C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-13 UA UAA200700314A patent/UA85245C2/en unknown
- 2005-06-13 RU RU2007101313/02A patent/RU2345867C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-06-13 WO PCT/SE2005/000908 patent/WO2005120749A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-06-13 AU AU2005252150A patent/AU2005252150B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-06-13 MX MXPA06014234A patent/MXPA06014234A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-06-14 TW TW94119717A patent/TWI290073B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03130349A (en) | 1989-06-24 | 1991-06-04 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Ferrous sintered parts material excellent in fatigue strength and its production |
WO1994014557A1 (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1994-07-07 | Stackpole Limited | Method of producing bearings |
US5512236A (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1996-04-30 | Stackpole Limited | Sintered coining process |
US6171546B1 (en) | 1996-06-14 | 2001-01-09 | Högan{umlaut over (a)}s AB | Powder metallurgical body with compacted surface |
US20040177719A1 (en) | 2003-10-03 | 2004-09-16 | Kosco John C. | Powder metal materials and parts and methods of making the same |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008231538A (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-10-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | Ferrous sintered compact and its manufacturing method |
US8038761B2 (en) | 2007-03-22 | 2011-10-18 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Iron-based sintered material and production method thereof |
EP2200769B1 (en) | 2007-09-03 | 2018-10-31 | Miba Sinter Austria GmbH | Method of producing a sinter-hardened component |
RU2454473C1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-06-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственное предприятие Вакууммаш" | Worn-out seal of turbomachine |
RU2455116C1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-07-10 | Общество с Ограниченной Ответственностью "Научно-производственное предприятие "Вакууммаш" | Abrasive turbine gland element |
EP3296418A1 (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2018-03-21 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Manufacturing method of wear-resistant iron-based sintered alloy and wear-resistant iron-based sintered alloy |
RU2703669C1 (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-10-21 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-технический центр "Уралавиаспецтехнология" | Abradable insert of turbine seal |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1771268A1 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
TWI290073B (en) | 2007-11-21 |
SE0401535D0 (en) | 2004-06-14 |
JP2008502803A (en) | 2008-01-31 |
ZA200610348B (en) | 2008-06-25 |
BRPI0512041A (en) | 2008-02-06 |
AU2005252150B2 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
RU2345867C2 (en) | 2009-02-10 |
JP4825200B2 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
UA85245C2 (en) | 2009-01-12 |
TW200610599A (en) | 2006-04-01 |
CN1968775A (en) | 2007-05-23 |
MXPA06014234A (en) | 2007-02-14 |
CN100475389C (en) | 2009-04-08 |
CA2570236A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
RU2007101313A (en) | 2008-08-10 |
AU2005252150A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
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