WO2005118578A1 - Mercaptoimidazoles as ccr2 receptor antagonists - Google Patents
Mercaptoimidazoles as ccr2 receptor antagonists Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005118578A1 WO2005118578A1 PCT/EP2005/052369 EP2005052369W WO2005118578A1 WO 2005118578 A1 WO2005118578 A1 WO 2005118578A1 EP 2005052369 W EP2005052369 W EP 2005052369W WO 2005118578 A1 WO2005118578 A1 WO 2005118578A1
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- 0 *C(N1)=C(*)N(Cc2ccccc2)C1=S Chemical compound *C(N1)=C(*)N(Cc2ccccc2)C1=S 0.000 description 10
- GKSGSDYYIYURPD-OLQVQODUSA-N O=S(C(F)(F)F)(N[C@H](CCCC1)[C@H]1NS(C(F)(F)F)(=O)=O)=O Chemical compound O=S(C(F)(F)F)(N[C@H](CCCC1)[C@H]1NS(C(F)(F)F)(=O)=O)=O GKSGSDYYIYURPD-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07C211/26—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton containing at least one six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C211/29—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton containing at least one six-membered aromatic ring the carbon skeleton being further substituted by halogen atoms or by nitro or nitroso groups
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Definitions
- the present invention concerns mercaptoimidazole derivatives having CCR2 receptor antagonistic properties.
- the invention further relates to methods for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.
- the invention also relates to the use of said compounds for the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention or the treatment of diseases mediated through activation of the CCR2 receptor, in particular the CCR2B receptor.
- WO 02/066458 describes 2-thio-substituted imidazole derivatives having immunomodulating and/or inhibiting activity on the release of cytokines, especially TNF- ⁇ and IL- ⁇ .
- FR 1,487,326 relates to tMo-imidazole derivatives useful as analgetic and for its vasodilatation activity.
- FR 6,751 M describes io-imidazole derivatives as sedatives and analgesics.
- US 3,850,944 describes 2-mercapto-5-(3- ⁇ yridyl)-imidazole derivatives having antiinflammatory activity.
- Bull. Soc. Chim.Belg., 73, ppl81-188 (1964) describes the synthesis and properties of ⁇ -arylali lamines.
- Archiv der Pharmazie, 305 (12), pp891-901 (1972) describes the synthesis and pharmacology of N-chloracyl-benzylamines.
- Annales pharmaceutiques francaises, 29(1), pp 63-70 (1971) describes the synthesis of imidazole derivatives.
- the compounds of the invention differ from the prior art compounds in structure, in their pharmacological activity and/or pharmacological potency.
- R 5 represents hydrogen, Ci- ⁇ alkyl, hydroxyCi-ealkyl, C 2- $alkenyl, C 2 - 6 alkynyl, aminoC ⁇ . 6 alkyl, mono-or aminocarbonylCi-6alkyl, mono-or di ⁇ i ⁇ alky ⁇ aminocarbonylCi- ⁇ alkyl or aryl;
- R ⁇ a and R ⁇ b each independently represent hydrogen, C ⁇ aHcyl, amino, mono-or di(C ⁇ - 4 alkyl)amino, arylNH-, aminoCi- ⁇ alkyl, mono-or di(C ⁇ - 4 alkyl)amino- C ⁇ - 6 alkyl, aminocarbonylamino, Ci- ⁇ alkyloxy, carbonylamino or hydroxyC ⁇ - 6 alkyl; or
- R ⁇ a and R ⁇ b taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, mo ⁇ holinyl, thiomorpholinyl or piperazinyl substituted with C ⁇ alkyl;
- R represents hydrogen, hydroxyCi- ⁇ alkyL C 2 - 6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, polyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyl, aminoCi- ⁇ alkyl, mono-or di(C 1- al ⁇ l)aminoC ⁇ alkyl, aminocarbonylCi- ⁇ alkyl, mono-or d ⁇ Ci-Aalky ⁇ aminocarbonylCi-ealkyl, aryl or heteroaryl;
- Z represents a cyclic ring system selected from
- each Rg independently represents hydrogen, halo, polyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyl, polyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyloxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, mono-or di(C ⁇ - 4 alkyl)aminocarbonyI, amino, mono-or di(C ⁇ - 4 alkyl)amino, hydroxyCi- ⁇ alkylamino, aryl, aryloxy, piperidinyl, piperidmylamino, morpholinyl, piperazinyl or nitro; each R 9 independently represents hydrogen, halo or Ci- ⁇ alkyl; n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; aryl represents phenyl or phenyl substituted with one, two, three, four or five substituents each independently selected from halo, polyhaloCi-galkyl, polyhaloCi-ealkyloxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, mono-or di(Ci-4alkyl)aminocarbonyl, amino, mono-or
- the present invention also relates to the use of a compound for the manufacture of a medicament for preventing or treating diseases mediated through activation of the
- Ri represents hydrogen, C h alky!, C 3-7 cycloalkyl, di(C ⁇ - 6 alkyl)aminoC 1 ⁇ alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; each R 2 independently represents halo, Ci- ⁇ alkyl, Ci- ⁇ alkyloxy, polyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyl, polyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyloxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, amino, mono-or di(C ⁇ -4a ⁇ kyl)amino, nitro, aryl or aryloxy;
- R» represents hydrogen or Ci- ⁇ alkyl;
- 5 represents hydrogen, Ci- ⁇ alkyl, hydroxyCi-ealkyl, C 2 ⁇ alkenyl, C ⁇ alkynyl, aminoC ⁇ .
- Rg a and R «, each independently represent hydrogen, Ci- ⁇ alkyl, amino, mono-or difC alky amino, arylN ⁇ -, aminoCi-ealkyl, mono-or di(C ⁇ -4alkyl)amino Ci- ⁇ alkyl, aminocarbonylamino, G- ⁇ alkyloxy, carbonylamino or hydroxyC ⁇ - 6 alkyl; or ⁇ a and R ⁇ , taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, mo ⁇ holinyl, thiomo ⁇ holinyl or piperazinyl substituted with Ci- ⁇
- R 7 represents hydrogen, Ci-ealkyl, hydroxyCi- ⁇ alkyl, C 2 - 6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, polyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyl, Ci-salkyloxyG-ealkyl, aminoCi-ealkyl, mono-or aminocarbonylCi- ⁇ alkyl, mono-or d ⁇ C t -i t alky ⁇ aminocarbonylCi- ⁇ alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl;
- Z represents a cyclic ring system selected from
- each Rg independently represents hydrogen, halo, G- ⁇ alkyloxy, polyhaloCi-ealkyl, polyhaloC ⁇ - 6 alkyloxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, mono-or amino, mono-or di(C ⁇ -4alkyl)amino, hydroxyC ⁇ - 6 alkylamino, aryl, aryloxy, piperidinyl, piperidinylamino, mo ⁇ holinyl, piperazinyl or nitro; each R 9 independently represents hydrogen, halo or Ci- ⁇ alkyl; n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; aryl represents phenyl or phenyl substituted with one, two, three, four or five substituents each independently selected from halo, C h alky!, polyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyl, polyhaloG- ⁇ alkyloxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, mono-or di(C ⁇ -4a ] kyl)aminocarbonyl, amino, mono-or di
- the present invention also relates to the use of a compound for the manufacture of a medicament for preventing or treating diseases mediated through activation of the CCR2 receptor, in particular for preventing or treating inflammatory diseases, wherein said compound is a compound of formula (I)
- Ri represents hydrogen, Ci- ⁇ alkyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl, di G- ⁇ alkylJaminoCi- ⁇ alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; each R 2 independently represents halo, G- ⁇ alkyl, C ⁇ _ 6 alkyloxy, Ci- ⁇ alkylthio, polyhaloCi-ealkyloxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, amino, mono-or di(C ⁇ -4alkyl)amino, nitro, aryl or aryloxy;
- R-i represents hydrogen or G- ⁇ alkyl;
- R 5 represents hydrogen, C ⁇ alkyl, hydroxyC ⁇ alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyL, polyhaloC ⁇ - 6 alkyI, Ci-ealkyloxyCi- ⁇ alkyl, aminod- ⁇ alkyl, mono-or d ⁇ Ci ⁇ alky ⁇ aminocarbonylCi-ealkyl or aryl;
- R ⁇ a and R ⁇ b each independently represent hydrogen, Ci- ⁇ alkyl, amino, mono-or di(G-4alkyl)amino, arylNH-, aminoCi- ⁇ alkyl, mono-or di(C ⁇ -4alkyl)amino C ⁇ - 6 alkylcarbonylamino, aminocarbonylamino, C ⁇ - 6
- R ⁇ a and R ⁇ b taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, mo ⁇ holinyl, thiomo ⁇ holinyl or piperazinyl substituted with G- ⁇ alkyl;
- R 7 represents hydrogen, G-ealkyl, C 2 - 6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, aminoCi- ⁇ alkyl, mono-or di(C ⁇ -4a ⁇ kyl)aminoC ⁇ - 6 alkyl, aminocarbonylCi- ⁇ alkyl, mono-or d ⁇ C alky ⁇ aminocarbonylCi- ⁇ alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl;
- Z represents a cyclic ring system selected from
- each Rg independently represents hydrogen, halo, Chalky 1, G- ⁇ alkyloxy, polyhalod- ⁇ alkyl, polyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyloxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, mono-or di(Ci-4alkyl)aminocarbonyl, amino, mono-or hydroxyCi- ⁇ alkylamino, aryl, aryloxy, piperidinyl, piperidinylamino, mo ⁇ holinyl, piperazinyl or nitro; each R 9 independently represents hydrogen, halo or G- ⁇ alkyl; n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; aryl represents phenyl or phenyl substituted with one, two, three, four or five substituents each independently selected from halo, C h alky., Cj- ⁇ alkyloxy, polyhaloC ⁇ alkyl, polyhaloG- ⁇ alkyloxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, mono-or di(C ⁇ -4alkyl)amin
- a particular embodiment of the present invention are those compounds of formula (I) as defined hereinabove or hereinafter provided that l-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-4-phenyl- lH-imidazole-2-thiol; l-(o-chlorobenzyl)-5-e yl-4-phenyl-imidazole-2-thiol or pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts thereof are not included.
- a group or part of a group defines straight or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl;
- G ⁇ alkyl as a group or part of a group defines straight or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as the group defined for C ⁇ -4alkyl and pentyl, hexyl, 2-methylbutyl and the like;
- C 3-7 cycloalkyl is generic to cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl;
- C 2- ⁇ salkenyl defines straight and branched chain hydrocarbon radicals having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms containing a double bond such as ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl and the like;
- C ⁇ alkyl
- halo is generic to fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo.
- polyhalomethyl as a group or part of a group is defined as mono- or polyhalosubstituted methyl, in particular methyl with one or more fluoro atoms, for example, difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl;
- polyhaloC ⁇ - 6 alkyl as a group or part of a group is defined as mono- or polyhalosubstituted C h alky!, for example, the groups defined in polyhalomethyl, 1,1-difluoro-ethyl and the like.
- more than one halogen atoms are attached to an alkyl group within the definition of polyhalomethyl or they may be the same or different.
- heteroaryl in the definition of Ri or R 7 is meant to include all the possible isomeric forms of the heterocycles, for instance, pyrrolyl comprises lH-pyrrolyl and 2H-pyrrolyl.
- aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclic ring systems or cyclic ring systems listed in the definitions of the substituents of the compounds of formula (I) may be attached to the remainder of the molecule of formula (I) through any ring carbon or heteroatom as appropriate, if not otherwise specified.
- heteroaryl when heteroaryl is imidazolyl, it may be 1-imidazolyl, 2-imidazolyl, 4-imidazolyl and the like.
- Lines drawn from substituents into ring systems indicate that the bond may be attached to any of the suitable ring atoms.
- the lines are drawn into bicyclic ring systems, it indicates that the bond may be attached to any of the suitable ring atoms of any one of the two cycles of the bicyclic ring system.
- salts of the compounds of formula (I) are those wherein the counterion is pharmaceutically acceptable.
- salts of acids and bases which are non-pharmaceutically acceptable may also find use, for example, in the preparation or purification of a pharmaceutically acceptable compound. All salts, whether pharmaceutically acceptable or not are included within the ambit of the present invention.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts as mentioned hereinabove are meant to comprise the therapeutically active non-toxic acid addition salt forms which the compounds of formula (I) are able to form.
- the latter can conveniently be obtained by treating the base form with such appropriate acids as inorganic acids, for example, hydrohalic acids, e.g.
- hydrochloric, hydrobromic and the like sulfuric acid; nitric acid; phosphoric acid and the like; or organic acids, for example, acetic, propanoic, hydroxy- acetic, 2-hydroxypropanoic, 2-oxopropanoic, oxalic, malonic, succinic, maleic, fumaric, malic, tartaric, 2-hydroxy-l,2,3-propanetricarboxylic, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, benzenesulfo ic, 4-methylbenzenesulfonic, cyclohexanesulfamic, 2-hydroxybenzoic, 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic and the like acids.
- the salt form can be converted by treatment with alkali into the free base form.
- the compounds of formula (I) containing acidic protons may be converted into their therapeutically active non-toxic metal or amine addition salt forms by treatment with appropriate organic and inorganic bases.
- Appropriate base salt forms comprise, for example, the ammonium salts, the alkali and earth alkaline metal salts, e.g. the lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium salts and the like, salts with organic bases, e.g.
- methylamine, ethylamine, propyla ine, isopropylamine such as methylamine, ethylamine, propyla ine, isopropylamine
- the four bulylamine isomers dimethylamine, diethylamine, diethanolamine, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, di-n- butylamine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, mo ⁇ holine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, quinucUdine, pyridine, quinoline and isoquinoline, the benzathine, N-methyl-D-glucamine, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-l, 3-propanediol, hydrabamine salts, and salts with amino acids such as, for example, arginine, lysine and the like.
- the salt form can be converted by treatment with acid into the free acid form.
- addition salt also comprises the hydrates and solvent addition forms which the compounds of formula (I) are able to form. Examples of such forms are e.g. hydrates, alcoholates and the like.
- quaternary amine as used hereinbefore defines the quaternary ammonium salts which the compounds of formula (I) are able to form by reaction between a basic nitrogen of a compound of formula (I) and an appropriate quaternizing agent, such as, for example, an optionally substituted alkylhalide, arylhalide or arylalkylhalide, e.g. methyliodide or benzyliodide.
- Other reactants with good leaving groups may also be used, such as alkyl trifluoromethanesulfonates, alkyl methanesulfonates, and alkyl7-toluenesulfonates.
- a quaternary amine has a positively charged nitrogen.
- Counterions include chloro, bromo, iodo, trifluoroacetate and acetate.
- the counterion of choice can be introduced using ion exchange resins.
- N-oxide forms of the present compounds are meant to comprise the compounds of formula (I) wherein one or several tertiary nitrogen atoms are oxidized to the so-called N-oxide.
- stereochemically isomeric forms as used hereinbefore or hereinafter defines all the possible stereoisomeric forms which the compounds of formula (I), and their N-oxides, addition salts, quaternary amines, polymo ⁇ hic forms or physiologically functional derivatives may possess.
- chemical designation of compounds denotes the mixture of all possible stereochemically isomeric forms, said mixtures containing all diastereomers and enantiomers of the basic molecular structure as well as each of the individual isomeric forms of formula (I) and their N-oxides, salts, solvates, quaternary amines or polymo ⁇ hic forms substantially free, i.e.
- polymo ⁇ hic forms of the present compounds also fall within the ambit of the present invention.
- the term "polymo ⁇ hic forms” as used hereinbefore or hereinafter defines all possible crystalline arrangement of a particular compound.
- a polymo ⁇ hic form of a compound is the same chemical entity, but in a different crystalline arrangement.
- the term "polymo ⁇ hic form” is well-known to a person skilled in the art.
- Polymo ⁇ hic forms of pharmaceutical compounds may be of interest to those involved in the development of a suitable dosage form because if the polymo ⁇ hic form is not held constant during clinical and stability studies, the exact dosage used or measured may not be comparable from one lot to the next.
- a pharmaceutical compound is produced for use, it is important to recognize the polymo ⁇ hic form delivered in each dosage form to assure that the production process use the same form and that the same amount of drug is included in each dosage. Therefore, it is imperative to assure that either a single polymo ⁇ hic form or some known combination of polymo ⁇ hic forms is present.
- certain polymo ⁇ hic forms may exhibit enhanced thermodynamic stability and may be more suitable than other polymo ⁇ hic forms for inclusion in pharmaceutical formulations.
- formula (I) includes the tautomeric form of NH being N .
- the compounds of the present invention include compounds of formula (I)
- R 5 represents hydrogen, G- ⁇ alkyl, hydroxyCi-ealkyl, C 2-6 alkenyL, C 2-6 alkynyl, polyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyl, Ci- ⁇ alkyloxyCi-ealkyl, aminoCi-ealkyl, mono-or aminocarbonylCi- ⁇ alkyl, mono-or difCi ⁇ alky ⁇ aminocarbonylCi-ealkyl or aryl; ⁇ a and R «b each independently represent hydrogen, amino, mono-or di(C ⁇ -4alkyl)amino, arylNH-, aminoC ⁇ -6alkyl, mono-or carbonylamino or hydroxyC ⁇ - 6 alkyl; or R ⁇ a and R ⁇ taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, mo ⁇ holinyl, thiomo ⁇ holinyl or
- each R « independently represents hydrogen, halo, G- ⁇ alkyloxy, poIyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyl, polyhaloG- ⁇ alkyloxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, mono-or di(Ci-4alkyl)aminocarbonyl, amino, mono-or hyoroxyC ⁇ alkylamino, aryl, aryloxy, piperidinyl, piperidmylamino, mo ⁇ holinyl, piperazinyl or nitro; each R 9 independently represents hydrogen, halo or C h alky]; n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; aryl represents phenyl or phenyl substituted with one, two, three, four or five substituents each independently selected from halo, G ⁇ alkyl, G-salkyloxy, polyhaloG- ⁇ alkyl, polyhaloG- ⁇ alkyloxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, mono-or di(C ⁇ -4alkyl)aminocarbon
- R 5 represents hydrogen, C 2 _ 6 alkynyl, polyhaloC ⁇ - ⁇ alkyl, C ⁇ -6 alkyloxyC 1-6 alkyl, aminoCi- ⁇ alkyl, mono-or aminocarbonylCi-ealkyl, mono-or di(C ⁇ -4alkyl)aminocarbonylC ⁇ -6alkyl or aryl;
- R ⁇ a and R ⁇ b each independently represent hydrogen, Ci- ⁇ alkyl, amino, mono-or di(C ⁇ -4alkyl)amino, arylNH-, aminoC ⁇ - 6 alkyl, mono-or cu(C ⁇ .4alkyl)arr ⁇ ino- G- ⁇ alkyl, Ci- ⁇ alkylcarbonylamino, aminocarbonylamino, G ⁇ alkyloxy, carbonylamino or hydroxyQ- ⁇ alkyl; or
- R « a and R «, taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, mo ⁇ holinyl, thiomo ⁇ holinyl or piperazinyl substituted with C h alky!;
- R 7 represents hydrogen, G ⁇ alkyl, hydroxyCi ⁇ alkyl, C 2 _$alkenyl, C 2 _ 6 alkynyl, polyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyl, Ci-ealkyloxyCi- ⁇ alkyl, aminoG-ealkyl, mono-or di(C ⁇ - 4 alkyl)aminoC ⁇ - 6 alkyl, mono-or d ⁇ C alky ⁇ aminocarbonylCi- ⁇ alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl;
- each Rg independently represents hydrogen, halo, C h alky!, Ci- ⁇ alkyloxy, polyhaloG-ealkyl, polyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyloxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, mono-or di(C ⁇ - 4 alkyl)aminocarbonyl, amino, mono-or di(C ⁇ - 4 alkyl)amino, hydroxyCi- ⁇ alkylamino, aryl, aryloxy, piperidinyl, piperidinylamino, mo ⁇ holinyl, piperazinyl or nitro; each R 9 independently represents hydrogen, halo or G ⁇ alkyl; n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; aryl represents phenyl or phenyl substituted with one, two, three, four or five substituents each independently selected from halo, C h alky!, polyhaloCi-ealkyl, polyhaloQ- ⁇ alkyloxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, mono-
- a seventh interesting embodiment are the compounds of formula (I) or any subgroup thereof as mentioned hereinbefore as interesting embodiment wherein Z is other than 3- pyridyl.
- Z is a cyclic ring system selected from (a-1), (a-2), (a-3), (a-4), (a-5), (a-6), (a-7), (a-9), (a-10), (a-11), (a- 12), (a-13), (a- 14), (a- 15) or (a- 16) as defined hereinabove; preferably a cyclic ring system selected from (a-1), (a-2), (a-3), (a-4), (a-9), (a-10), (a- 12), (a- 13), (a- 14), (a- 16) or (a- 18); more preferably a cyclic ring system selected from (a-1), (a-2), (a-3), (a-9), (a-10), (a-12), (a-13),
- a tenth interesting embodiment are the compounds of formula (I) or any subgroup thereof as mentioned hereinbefore as interesting embodiment wherein n is 2 or 3; preferably wherein n is 2.
- An eleventh interesting embodiment are the compounds of formula (I) or any subgroup thereof as mentioned hereinbefore as interesting embodiment wherein n is 2 and said two R 2 substituents are placed in meta and para postion.
- a twelfth interesting embodiment are the compounds of formula (I) or any subgroup thereof as mentioned hereinbefore as interesting embodiment wherein R 2 represents halo, C h alky], G ⁇ alkyloxy or polyhaloG- ⁇ alkyl; preferably halo or polyhaloQ gally, in particular chloro, fluoro or trifluoromethyl; most preferred halo, in particular chloro or fluoro, more in particular fluoro.
- a thirteenth interesting embodiment are the compounds of formula (I) or any subgroup thereof as mentioned hereinbefore as interesting embodiment wherein Ri is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, methoxymethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopropyl, dimethylaminomethyl, 2-thienyl, 3,4-dichlorophenyl; preferably Ri is or in particular methyl, ethyl, propyl, methoxymethyl, more in particular methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or methoxymethyl; more preferably Ri is G- 6 alkyl, in particular methyl, ethyl and propyl, more in particular methyl, ethyl or n-propyl; most preferred Ri is ethyl.
- a fourteenth interesting embodiment are the compounds of formula (I) or any subgroup thereof as mentioned hereinbefore as interesting embodiment wherein t is hydrogen.
- a fifteenth interesting embodiment are the compounds of formula (I) or any subgroup thereof as mentioned hereinbefore as interesting embodiment which are stereochemically pure.
- a sixteenth interesting embodiment are the compounds of formula (I) or any subgroup thereof as mentioned hereinbefore as interesting embodiment wherein the carbon atom carrying the Ri and t substituent has the (S) configuration, i.e. a compound of formula
- N-oxide a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, a quaternary amine, a polymo ⁇ hic form or a stereochemically isomeric form thereof.
- Ri represents C ⁇ _ 6 alkyl or Ci- alkyloxyCi-ealkyl, especially methyl, ethyl, propyl or methoxymethyl
- R 2 represents halo, polyhaloCi- ⁇ alkyl or aryloxy, especially halo, e.g.
- Z represents a ring system selected from (a-1), (a-2), (a-3), (a-4), (a-5), (a-6), (a-7), (a-9), (a-10), (a-11), (a- 12), (a-13), (a-14), (a-15) or (a-16);
- R represents hydrogen; f) n is 2 or 3.
- Ri represents especially methyl, ethyl, propyl or methoxymethyl
- R 2 represents halo, especially chloro or fluoro
- Z represents a ring system selected from (a-1), (a-2), (a-3), (a-4), (a-9), (a-10), (a-12), (a-13), (a-14), (a-16) or (a-18).
- R4 represents hydrogen; f) n is 2.
- Ri represents especially ethyl or propyl
- R 2 represents halo, especially chloro or fluoro
- Z represents a cyclic ring system selected from (a-1), (a-2), (a-9), (a-10) or (a-13);
- e) t represents hydrogen;
- f) n is 2.
- Ri represents ethyl or propyl
- R 2 represents chloro or fluoro
- Z represents cyclic ring system (a-9)
- e) 4 represents hydrogen
- f) n is 2.
- Preferred compounds of formula (I) are compounds 31, 6, 27, 9, 24, 40, 25, 7, 26, 45, 48, 49, 43, 36, 16, 28, 33, 32, 34, 51, 52 or 53; a N-oxide, a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, a quaternary amine, a polymo ⁇ hic form or a stereochemically isomeric form thereof.
- More preferred compounds of formula (I) are compounds 26, 48, 43, 52 or 53, especially compound 26, 43 or 53; a N-oxide, a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, a quaternary amine, a polymo ⁇ hic form or a stereochemically isomeric form thereof.
- a compound of formula (I) wherein the compound is (S)-3-[l-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)- propyl]-5-isoxazol-5-yl-2-thioxo-2,3-cl ydro-lH-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester, a N-oxide, a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, a quaternary amine or a polymo ⁇ hic form thereof; a compound of formula (I) wherein the compound is (S)-3-[l-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)- ⁇ ropyl]-5-isoxazol-5-yl-2-1hioxo-2,3- ⁇ ydro-lH-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester or a N-oxide thereof; a compound of formula (I) wherein the compound is (S)-3-[l-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl
- compounds of formula (I) wherein R 3 represents hydrogen can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (l-a) or (Il-b) with KSC ⁇ in the presence of a suitable acid, such as for example hydrochloric acid and the like, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. ethanol, optionally in the presence of water.
- a suitable acid such as for example hydrochloric acid and the like
- a suitable solvent such as for example an alcohol, e.g. ethanol, optionally in the presence of water.
- Compounds of formula (I-b) can also be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (V) with a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydroxide and the like, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. ethanol.
- a suitable base such as for example sodium hydroxide and the like
- a suitable solvent such as for example an alcohol, e.g. ethanol.
- Compounds of formula (I) wherein Z represents optionally substituted 1,3,4- oxadiazole, said compounds being represented by formula (I-c), can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (VI) with phosphoric trichloride or Burgess 'reagent optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
- Compounds of formula (I) wherein R 3 represents said compounds being represented by formula (I-e), can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (Nil), with an intermediate of formula (VIII), such as for example ⁇ H 3 (or acetic acid ammonium salt), pyrrolidine and the like, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example acetone, tetrahydrofuran, N ⁇ tV-dimethylformamide and the like.
- a suitable solvent such as for example acetone, tetrahydrofuran, N ⁇ tV-dimethylformamide and the like.
- Compounds of formula (I) wherein R 3 represents CH 2 -OH, said compounds being represented by formula (I-f), can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (VII) with a suitable reducing agent, such as for example ⁇ aBH in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tefrahydrofuran.
- a suitable reducing agent such as for example ⁇ aBH
- a suitable solvent such as for example tefrahydrofuran.
- compounds of formula (I) wherein the carbon atom carrying the Ri and Rt substituent has the (R) configuration can be prepared according to the above described reactions but starting from an intermediate wherein the carbon atom carrying the Ri and R 4 substituent has the (R) configuration.
- the compounds of formula (I) may further be prepared by converting compounds of formula (I) into each other according to art-known group transformation reactions.
- the compounds of formula (I) may be converted to the corresponding N-oxide forms following art-known procedures for converting a trivalent nitrogen into its N-oxide form.
- Said N-oxidation reaction may generally be carried out by reacting the starting material of formula (I) with an appropriate organic or inorganic peroxide.
- Appropriate inorganic peroxides comprise, for example, hydrogen peroxide, alkali metal or earth alkaline metal peroxides, e.g.
- organic peroxides may comprise peroxy acids such as, for example, benzenecarboper- oxoic acid or halo substituted benzenecarboperoxoic acid, e.g. 3-chlorobenzenecarbo- peroxoic acid, peroxoalkanoic acids, e.g. peroxoacetic acid, alkylhydroperoxides, e.g. teitbutyl hydro-peroxide.
- Suitable solvents are, for example, water, lower alcohols, e.g. ethanol and the like, hydrocarbons, e.g. toluene, ketones, e.g. 2-butanone, halogenated hydrocarbons, e.g. dichloromethane, and mixtures of such solvents.
- Some of the compounds of formula (I) and some of the intermediates in the present in- vention may contain an asymmetric carbon atom. Pure stereochemically isomeric forms of said compounds and said intermediates can be obtained by the application of art-known procedures. For example, diastereoisomers can be separated by physical methods such as selective crystallization or chromatographic techniques, e.g. counter current distribution, liquid chromatography and the like methods.
- Enantiomers can be obtained from racemic mixtures by first converting said racemic mixtures with suitable resolving agents such as, for example, chiral acids, to mixtures of diastereomeric salts or compounds; then physically separating said mixtures of diastereomeric salts or compounds by, for example, selective crystallization or chromatographic techniques, e.g. liquid chromatography and the like methods; and finally converting said separated diastereomeric salts or compound's into the corresponding enantiomers.
- suitable resolving agents such as, for example, chiral acids
- Intermediates of formula (II-a) may be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (V JI) wherein W 3 represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo, with an intermediate of formula (LX) in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example N,N-diisopropylethanamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
- a suitable base such as for example N,N-diisopropylethanamine
- a suitable solvent such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
- a suitable reducing agent such as for example H 2
- a suitable catalyst such as for example Raney Nickel
- a suitable catalyst poison such as for example a thiophene solution
- a suitable base such as for example NH 3 .
- Intermediates of formula (Il-b) can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (VIII) with an intermediate of formula (XII) in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile.
- Intermediates of formula (XII) can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XIH) with trimethyloxonium and tetrafluoroborate in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example methylenechloride.
- Intermediates of formula (III) can be prepared from an intermediate of formula (XV) in the presence of formic acid or a formate, such as for example n-butylformate, and in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example xylene.
- formic acid or formate such as for example n-butylformate
- Stereospecific intermediates of formula (XV-a) can also be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XV) with a suitable stereospecific resolution agent, such as for example [S-(R*,R*)]-2,3-bis[(4-methylbenzoyl)oxy]-butanedioic acid, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. 2-propanol.
- a stereospecific intermediate of formula (XV-a) is reacted further according to the methods described hereinabove, the resulting intermediates are also stereospecific and finally the resulting final compounds are also stereospecific.
- Intermediates of formula (XV) wherein R 4 represents hydrogen, said intermediates being represented by formula (XV-b), can also be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XXVI) with an intermediate of formula (XXVTI) in the presence of a suitable reducing agent, such as for example H 2 , a suitable catalyst, such as for example Pd on charcoal, a suitable catalyst poison, such as for example a thiophene solution, a suitable weak base, such as for example KF or potassium acetate, a suitable acid, such as for example hydrochloric acid, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an reducing agent, such as for example H 2 , a suitable catalyst, such as for example Pd on charcoal, a suitable catalyst poison, such as for example a thiophene solution, a suitable weak base, such as for example KF or potassium acetate, a suitable acid, such as for example hydrochloric acid, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an
- Intermediates of formula (XVH) can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XVIII) with diphenylphosphoryl azide in the presence of 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10- ortahydro-pyrimido[l,2-a]azepine and in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example toluene.
- Stereospecific intermediates of formula (XNIII) wherein R4 is hydrogen and Ri is methyl, ethyl, or n-propyl, said Ri being represented by ⁇ lk and said intermediates being represented by formula (XVffl-a) and (XVTII-b), can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XLX) with ZnAlk 2 wherein Alk represents methyl, ethyl or n-propyl, in the presence of a stereospecific catalyst, such as for example N,N'-( 1 R,2R)- 1 ,2-'cyclohexanediylbis [1,1,1 -trifluoro] -methanesulfonamide respectively N T-(l S,2S)- 1 ,2-cycIohexanediylbis[l , 1 ,1 -trifluoro]-methanesulfonamide respectively N T-(l S,2S)- 1 ,2-cycIo
- Intermediates of formula (V) can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XX) wherein W 5 represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. chloro and the like, with an intermediate of formula (IX) and an intermediate of formula (XXI), in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example N,N- diisopropylethanamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahychofuran.
- a suitable base such as for example N,N- diisopropylethanamine
- a suitable solvent such as for example tetrahychofuran.
- Intermediates of formula (VI) can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XXII) wherein W ⁇ represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. chloro, with an intermediate of formula (XXTH) in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tetiahydrofuran, optionally in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example N,N-diethylethanamine.
- a suitable solvent such as for example tetiahydrofuran
- a suitable base such as for example N,N-diethylethanamine.
- Intermediates of formula (XXTV) can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (III) with an intermediate of formula (XXVT) in the presence of KSCN, NaOC(CH 3 ) 3 , a suitable acid, such as for example hydrochloric acid, and a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran. This reaction also leads to the preparation of intermediates of formula (XXV).
- Intermediates of formula (XXTV) can also be prepared by hydrolyzing an intermediate of formula (XXV) in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydroxide, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as an alcohol, e.g. methanol, and water.
- a suitable base such as for example sodium hydroxide
- a suitable solvent such as an alcohol, e.g. methanol, and water.
- Intermediates of formula (XXTV) may also be prepared by hydrolysis of an intermediate of formula (XXV) in the presence of a suitable acid, such as for example trifluoroacetic acid, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example methylene chloride.
- the intermediates of formula (LX) may contain a chiral center at the carbon atom carrying the Ri and R4 substituent depending on the substituents representing Ri and R «.
- a preferred embodiment of the intermediates of formula (IX) are those intermediates wherein the intermediate is stereospecific, i.e. wherein the intermediate has the (R) or (S) configuration at the carbon atom carrying the R] and R t substituent (intermediates of formula (EX-b).
- Particularly preferred are those intermediates of formula (LX-b) which have the (S) configuration (intermediates of formula (LX-b-1).
- the present invention also relates to intermediates of formula (IX-b-1)
- a further embodiment are those intermediates of formula (LX-b-1) wherein n is 1, 2, or 3, in particular 2, provided that when n is 2 and each R 2 is chloro and said two chloro substituents are placed in meta and para position, then Ri is other than ethyl. .appel
- EX-a-l (EX-b-l-l) a N-oxide, a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt or a quaternary amine thereof, wherein Alk is defined as hereinabove, i.e. Alk represents methyl, ethyl and n-propyl, and each R 2a and R 2b independently represents chloro, fluoro or trifluoromethyl.
- intermediates of formula (EX-a-l) are those intermediates of formula (IX-a-1) provided that when R 2a and R 2b are both chloro, then Alk is other than methyl, ethyl, n-propyl and provided that when R 2a and R 2 b are both fluoro or R 2a is trifluoromethyl and R 2 b is fluoro or R 2a is fluoro and R 2b is trifluoromethyl then Alk is other than ethyl.
- a particular interesting intermediate of formula (EX-b-l-l) is that intermediate wherein R 2a and R 2 b are both fluoro and Alk represents ethyl, i.e. a compound of formula (EX-b- 1-1-a). (EX-b-l -l -a)
- the compounds of formula (I) and (V) show CCR2 receptor antagonistic properties.
- CCR2 C - C chemokine receptor 2
- MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein
- Chemokines are most important regulators of leukocyte trafficking. This biological role is exerted by interacting - on target cells - with seven-transmembrane-domain receptors that are coupled to heterodimeric G proteins. Chemokines are mainly grouped into 2 major families (C - C or C - X - C family) dependent on the presence of an amino acid (represented by X) between the two conserved cysteine residues (represented by C) near the amino terminus. In general, chemokines from the C - C family attract monocytes, macrophages, T cells and NK cells.
- a chemokine which acts through the CCR2 receptor, is MCP-1 as indicated above. Therefore, the CCR2 receptor is also known as the MCP-1 receptor. MCP-2, MCP-3 and MCP-4 may also act, at least in part, through this receptor.
- CCR2 receptor antagonists which block the CCR2 receptor, have potential as pharmaceutical agents to combat inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, lung fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, vasculitis, hepatitis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, inflammatory conditions of the brain such as Alzheimer's disease, restenosis, alveolitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, atherosclerosis, psoriasis, delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions of the skin, inflammatory bowel disease, acute or chronic brain inflammation, e.g.
- CCR2 receptor antagonists may also be useful to treat autoimmune diseases such as diabetes or transplant rejection, stroke, reperfusion injury, ischemia, cancer, myocardial infraction, pain, in particular neuropathic pain.
- the compounds of the present invention may also be used to inhibit the entry of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HTV) into monocytes and lymphocytes, thereby having a therapeutic role in the treatment of AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).
- HTV Human Immunodeficiency Virus
- the CCR2 receptor exists in two isoforms, namely the CCR2A and the CCR2B receptor.
- the compounds of formula (I), their N-oxides, pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, quaternary amines, polymo ⁇ hic forms or stereochemically isomeric forms are useful in the treatment or prevention, in particular for the treatment, of diseases or conditions mediated through the activation of the CCR2 receptor, in particular the CCR2B receptor.
- Diseases or conditions related to an activation of the CCR2 receptor comprise inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, lung fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, vasculitis, hepatitis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, inflammatory conditions of the brain such as Alzheimer's disease, restenosis, alveolitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, atherosclerosis, psoriasis, delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions of the skin, inflammatory bowel disease, acute or chronic brain inflammation, e.g.
- the compounds of formula (I) are useful in the treatment or prevention of inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- the compounds of formula (I) are also of particular interest in the treatment or prevention of psoriasis, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis or pain (neuropathic pain), more in particular psoriasis, asthma or rheumatoid arthritis.
- the compounds of formula (I), their N-oxides, pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, quaternary amines and stereochemically isomeric forms may be used as a medicine.
- the present compounds can be used for the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing diseases mediated through activation of the CCR2 receptor, in particular the CCR2B receptor.
- the compounds of the invention can be used for the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing inflammatory diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- the compounds of the invention can also in particular be used for the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing psoriasis, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis or pain (neuropathic pain), more in particular psoriasis, asthma or rheumatoid arthritis.
- a method of treating warm-blooded animals, including humans, suffering from or a method of preventing warm-blooded animals, including humans, to suffer from diseases mediated through activation of the CCR2 receptor, in particular mediated through the CCR2B receptor comprise the administration of an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), a N-oxide form, a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, a quaternary amine, a polymo ⁇ hic form or a possible stereoisomeric form thereof, to warm-blooded animals, including humans.
- the blockade of the CCR2 receptor by the present compounds of formula (I) inhibits the normal function of MCP-1. Therefore, the present compounds can also be described as MCP-1 inhibitors and hence can be used to prevent or treat diseases mediated through MCP- 1.
- compositions for preventing or treating diseases mediated through activation of the CCR2 receptor, in particular the CCR2B receptor comprise a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
- the compounds of the present invention may be formulated into various pharmaceutical forms for administration pu ⁇ oses.
- compositions there may be cited all compositions usually employed for systemically administering drugs.
- an effective amount of the particular compound, optionally in addition salt form, as the active ingredient is combined in intimate admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, which carrier may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier which carrier may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration.
- These pharmaceutical compositions are desirable in unitary dosage form suitable, particularly, for administration orally, rectally, percutaneously, or by parenteral injection.
- any of the usual pharmaceutical media may be employed such as, for example, water, glycols, oils, alcohols and the like in the case of oral liquid preparations such as suspensions, syrups, elixirs, emulsions and solutions; or solid carriers such as starches, sugars, kaolin, diluents, lubricants, binders, disintegrating agents and the like in the case of powders, pills, capsules, and tablets. Because of their ease in administration, tablets and capsules represent the most advantageous oral dosage unit forms, in which case solid pharmaceutical carriers are obviously employed.
- the carrier will usually comprise sterile water, at least in large part, though other ingredients, for example, to aid solubility, may be included.
- injectable solutions for example, may be prepared in which the carrier comprises saline solution, glucose solution or a mixture of saline and glucose solution.
- injectable suspensions may also be prepared in which case appropriate liquid carriers, suspending agents and the like may be employed.
- solid form preparations which are intended to be converted, shortly before use, to liquid form preparations.
- the carrier optionally comprises a penetration enhancing agent and/or a suitable wetting agent, optionally combined with suitable additives of any nature in minor proportions, which additives do not introduce a significant deleterious effect on the skin.
- Said additives may facilitate the administration to the skin and/or may be helpful for preparing the desired compositions.
- These compositions may be administered in various ways, e.g., as a transdermal patch, as a spot-on, as an ointment.
- the compounds of the present invention may also be administered via inhalation or insufflation by means of methods and formulations employed in the art for administration via this way.
- the compounds of the present invention may be administered to the lungs in the form of a solution, a suspension or a dry powder. Any system developed for the delivery of solutions, suspensions or dry powders via oral or nasal inhalation or insufflation are suitable for the administration of the present compounds.
- the compounds of the present invention may also be topically administered in the form of drops, in particular eye drops.
- Said eye drops may be in the form of a solution or a suspension. Any system developed for the delivery of solutions or suspensions as eye drops are suitable for the administration of the present compounds.
- Unit dosage form refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active ingredient calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier.
- unit dosage forms are tablets (including scored or coated tablets), capsules, pills, powder packets, wafers, suppositories, injectable solutions or suspensions and the Uke, and segregated multiples thereof.
- the exact dosage and frequency of administration depends on the particular compound of formula (I) used, the particular condition being treated, the severity of the condition being treated, the age, weight, sex, extent of disorder and general physical condition of the particular patient as well as other medication the individual may be taking, as is well known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, it is evident that said effective daily amount may be lowered or increased depending on the response of the treated subject and/or depending on the evaluation of the physician prescribing the compounds of the instant invention.
- the compounds of formula (I) may also be used in combination with other conventional anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive agents, such as steroids, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, non-steroi ⁇ tel-anti-mflammatory drugs, TNF- ⁇ antibodies, such as for example acetyl salicylic acid, bufexamac, diclofenac potassium, sulindac, diclofenac sodium, ketorolac trometamol, tolmetine, ibuprofen, naproxen, naproxen sodium, tiaprofen acid, flurbiprofen, mefenamic acid, nifluminic acid, meclofenamate, indomethacin, proglumetacine, ketoprofen, nabumetone, paracetamol, piroxicam, tenoxicam, nimesulide, fenylbutazon, tramadol, beclomethasone dipropionate, betamethasone, beclametha
- the present invention also relates to the combination of a compound of formula (I) and another anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive agent. Said combination may be used as a medicine.
- the present invention also relates to a product containing (a) a compound of formula ( , and (b) another anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive compound, as a combined preparation for simultaneous, separate or sequential use in the treatment of diseases mediated through activation of the CCR2 receptor, in particular mediated through the CCR2B receptor.
- the different drugs in such products may be combined in a single preparation together with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
- such products may comprise, for example, a kit comprising a container with a suitable composition containing a compound of formula (I) and another container with a composition containing another anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive compound.
- a kit comprising a container with a suitable composition containing a compound of formula (I) and another container with a composition containing another anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive compound.
- RT room temperature
- DIPE tefrahydrofuran
- DIPE diisopropylether
- THF trifluoroacetic acid
- DBU 2,3,4,6,7,8,9, 10-octahydropyrimido[ 1 ,2-a]azepine
- DMF means N,N-dimethylformamide
- Example Al a. Preparation of intermediate 1 A solution of ⁇ a 2 C0 3 (part of 0.52 mol) in H 2 0 (150 ml) was added to a stirring mixture of l-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-l-propanone (0.345 mol) in ethanol, p.a. (150 ml), then the remainder of Na 2 C0 3 was added and hydroxylamine monohydrochloride (0.345 mol) was added portionwise while stirring vigorously. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux temperature and extra H 2 0 (75 ml) was added, then the resulting mixture was stirred and refluxed for 6 hours.
- Example ⁇ 4 a Preparation of intermediate 9
- a solution of intermediate 2 (prepared according to Al.b) (0.0748 mol) and chloro acetic acid methyl ester (0.08 mol) in DMF, p.a., dried on molecular sieves, (150 ml) was stirred at room temperature under N and Et 3 N (0.224 mol) was slowly added, then the reaction mixture was stirred for 20 hours at room temperature and extra chloro acetic acid methyl ester (3.3 ml) was added. The mixture was stirred for another 20 hours at room temperature and again extra chloro acetic acid methyl ester (2 ml) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred for 24 hours and then the solids were filtered off and washed with DMF.
- Intermediate 20 can be prepared by the above reaction by using N,N'-(l S,2S)-1,2- cyclohexanediylbis[ 1,1,1 -trifluoromethanesulfonamide] as catalyst. b-1 .
- Example A8 a Preparation of intermediate 30 (R) A solution of N,N'-(l S,2S)- 1 ,2-cyclohexanediylbis[l ,1,1 -trifluoromethanesulfonamide] (catalytic quantity) and tetrakis(2-propanolato)titanium (0.415 mol) in toluene (p.a) (500 ml) was degassed under Argon and then stirred for 20 minutes at 1 40 °C. This mixture was cooled on a 2-propanol C ⁇ 2 bath to -78 °C and diethylzinc (0.415 mol) was added dropwise over 15 minutes.
- Table 1 lists intermediates of formula (IX) which can be prepared according to one of the above
- the HPLC gradient was supplied by a Waters Alliance HT 2790 system with a columnheater set at 40°C. Flow from the column was split to a Waters 996 photodiode array (PDA) detector and a Waters-Micromass ZQ mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization source operated in positive and negative ionization mode. Reversed phase HPLC was carried out on a Xterra MS Cl 8 column (3.5 ⁇ m, 4.6 x 100 mm) (12 minutes column) with a flow rate of 1.6 ml/minutes.
- PDA photodiode array
- mobile phase A 95% 25mM ammoniumacetate + 5% acetonitrile
- mobile phase B acetonitrile
- mobile phase C methanol
- Mass spectra were acquired by scanning from 100 to 1000 in Is using a dwell time of 0.1 s.
- the capillary needle voltage was 3kV and the source temperature was maintained at 140°C .
- Nitrogen was used as the nebulizer gas.
- Cone voltage was 10 V for positive ionzation mode and 20 V for negative ionization mode.
- Data acquisition was performed with a Waters-Micromass MassLynx-Openlynx data system.
- the HPLC gradient was supplied by a Waters Alliance 2690 system with a columnheater set at 50°C. Flow from the column was split to a Waters 996 photodiode array (PDA) detector and a Waters-Micromass ZQ mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization source operated in positive and negative ionization mode.
- PDA photodiode array
- Reversed phase HPLC was carried out on a Xterra MS Cl 8 column (2.5 ⁇ m, 4.6 x 20 mm) with a flow rate of 3 ml/min.
- Three mobile phases (mobile phase A 95% 25mM ammoniumacetate + 5% acetonitrile; mobile phase B: acetonitrile; mobile phase C: methanol) were employed to run a gradient condition from 100 % A to 50% B and 50% C in 0.9 min., to 100 % B in 0.37 min, 100% B for 0.18 min. and reequilibrate with 100 % A for 0.2 min.
- An injection volume of 2 ⁇ L was used.
- Mass spectra were acquired by scanning from 100 to 1000 in Is using a dweU time of 0.1 s.
- the capillary needle voltage was 3kV and the source temperature was maintained at 140°C .
- Nitrogen was used a the nebulizer gas.
- Cone voltage was 10 V for positive ionzation mode and 20 V for negative ionization mode.
- Data acquisition was performed with a Waters-Micromass MassLynx-Openlynx data system.
- MCP-1 binding to the CCR2 receptor induces a rapid and transient intracellular release of Ca 2+ (secondary messenger) in several cell lines (Charo et al, PNAS 1994). Free Ca 2+ levels can be measured using a Ca 2+ sensitive dye. When the CCR2 receptor is blocked with a CCR2 receptor antagonist, the MCP-1 induced release of Ca 2+ is inhibited.
- Human THP-1 cells (monocytic cell line, ATCC TIB-202) were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10 % fetal calf serum (FCS), 1% L-Glulamine, penicillin (50 U/ml) and streptomycin (50 ⁇ g/ml) (all GIBCO BRL, Gent). After centrifugation, cells were loaded for 30 minutes with the Ca 2+ sensitive fluorescent dye Fluo-3 AM (Molecular Probes, Leiden, Netherlands) (2 milUon cells/ml in RPMI medium containing 4 ⁇ M Fluo-3 AM, 20 mM HEPES, 0.1 % Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and 5 mM probenecid).
- FCS fetal calf serum
- BSA Bovine Serum Albumin
- Table 5 reports ⁇ IC 5 o values obtained in the above-described test for compounds of formula (I).
- pICso defines -log IC50 wherein IC50 is the molar concentration of the test compound which inhibits 50 % of specific MCP-1 induced Ca 2+ flux.
- Binding buffer was composed of 25 mM HEPES, 5 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM CaCl 2 , 0.5% protease-free bovine serum albumin, pH 7.4. After 90 minutes incubation at 25 °C, membranes were harvested on GF/B filters - presoaked in 0.5% polyethylenimine, foUowed by washing with buffer containing 25 mM HEPES, 5 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM CaCl 2 , 5 mM NaCl, pH 7.4. Filter bound radioactivity was determined by liquid scintillation counting. EC 50 values ( ⁇ M) and K values ( ⁇ M) were calculated.
- the EC 50 value indicates the concentration of the test compound that competes with MCP-1 for half of the specific binding sites; the value indicates the equilibrium dissociation constant, i.e. the concentration of the test compound that will bind to half of the binding sites at equilibrium in the absence of radioligand or other competitors.
- EC 50 values and Kj values were calculated using non-linear regression in Graphpad Prism. Prism calculates the Kj or affinity of the receptor for the competing drug using the equation of Cheng and Prusoff (Biochem. Pharmacol. 1973, 22: 3099- 3108). A low Kj indicates a high affinity of the receptor for the test compound. EC.
- K ; 50 [radioligand] 1 + K A wherein I describes the affinity of the radioligand for the receptor, i.e. the concentration of the radioligand that will bind to half of the binding sites at equilibrium in the absence of competitors.
- Table 6 lists K values ( ⁇ M) obtained in the above-described test for compounds of formula (I).
- the CCR2 antagonistic activity of the compounds of the present invention can also be determined by measuring the effect of the compounds on the chemotactic response of cells in the presence of a chemokine, such as for example MCP-1.
- a chemokine such as for example MCP-1.
- Mononuclear cells from human heparinized peripheral blood (PBMC) were isolated using Ficoll-Paque gradient centrifugation (Amersham Biosciences). Assays of chemotactic responsiveness were performed using disposable 96-well chemotaxis chambers (ChemoTx, Neuro Probe) with 5- ⁇ m pore size polycarbonate (PVP-free) filter membranes. Mononuclear cells were fluorescently labeled with 5 ⁇ g/ml Calcein- AM (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR) at 37°C for 30 minutes.
- CL chemotactic index
- Table 7 lists the IC 50 values ( ⁇ M) obtained in the above-described test for compounds of formula (I). Assays were run in triplicate and repeated 2-7 times.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (12)
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DE602005013216T DE602005013216D1 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | MERCAPTOIMIDAZOLE AS CCR2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS |
US11/569,268 US20070249691A1 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Mercaptoimidazoles as Ccr2 Receptor Antagonists |
EA200602193A EA200602193A1 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | MERCAPTOIMIDAZOLES AS ANTAGONISTS OF CCR2 RECEPTOR |
AU2005250156A AU2005250156A1 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Mercaptoimidazoles as CCR2 receptor antagonists |
MXPA06013764A MXPA06013764A (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Mercaptoimidazoles as ccr2 receptor antagonists. |
BRPI0511599-0A BRPI0511599A (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | mercaptoimidazoles as ccr2 receptor antagonists |
CA002566187A CA2566187A1 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Mercaptoimidazoles as ccr2 receptor antagonists |
EP05755042A EP1753758B1 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Mercaptoimidazoles as ccr2 receptor antagonists |
JP2007513921A JP2008500310A (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Mercaptoimidazoles as CCR2 receptor antagonists |
PA20058634401A PA8634401A1 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-25 | MERCAPTOIMIDAZOLES AS ANTAGONISTS OF THE CCR2 RECEIVER |
IL179518A IL179518A0 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2006-11-23 | Mercaptoimidazoles as ccr2 receptor antagonists |
NO20066011A NO20066011L (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2006-12-27 | Mercaptoimidazoles as CCR2 Receptor Antagonists |
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EP (1) | EP1753758B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008500310A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20070020070A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1956980A (en) |
AR (1) | AR049386A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE425161T1 (en) |
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JP2008500311A (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2008-01-10 | ジヤンセン・フアーマシユーチカ・ナームローゼ・フエンノートシヤツプ | Mercaptoimidazoles as CCR2 receptor antagonists |
EP3050574A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2016-08-03 | Universite De Bordeaux | New compositions and methods of treating and/or preventing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
WO2020033791A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2020-02-13 | Verseau Therapeutics, Inc. | Oligonucleotide compositions for targeting ccr2 and csf1r and uses thereof |
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US10682344B2 (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2020-06-16 | Chemocentryx, Inc. | Method of treating liver fibrosis |
WO2020207263A1 (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2020-10-15 | 四川科伦博泰生物医药股份有限公司 | Benzimidazole compound, preparation method therefor and use thereof |
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FR1487326A (en) | 1966-01-18 | 1967-07-07 | Clin Byla Ets | Imidazole derivatives and their preparation |
US3850944A (en) | 1972-07-29 | 1974-11-26 | Kaken Chemical Co | 5-(3'-pyridyl)-2-mercaptoimidazole and derivatives thereof |
WO2002066458A2 (en) | 2001-02-19 | 2002-08-29 | Merckle Gmbh | 2-thio-substituted imidazole derivatives and the use thereof in the pharmaceutical industry |
US20030149081A1 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2003-08-07 | ZOU Dong | Pyrrolidinone derivatives |
WO2003097633A1 (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-27 | Merckle Gmbh | 2-thio-substituted imidazole derivatives and their use in pharmaceutics |
WO2004069810A1 (en) | 2003-02-03 | 2004-08-19 | Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. | Mercaptoimidazoles as ccr2 receptor antagonists |
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2005
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- 2005-05-24 US US11/569,268 patent/US20070249691A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-05-24 DE DE602005013216T patent/DE602005013216D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-24 EA EA200602193A patent/EA200602193A1/en unknown
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008500311A (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2008-01-10 | ジヤンセン・フアーマシユーチカ・ナームローゼ・フエンノートシヤツプ | Mercaptoimidazoles as CCR2 receptor antagonists |
EP3050574A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2016-08-03 | Universite De Bordeaux | New compositions and methods of treating and/or preventing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
EP3613435A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2020-02-26 | Universite De Bordeaux | Chemokine receptor cxcr4 inhibitors for treating and/or preventing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
WO2020033791A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2020-02-13 | Verseau Therapeutics, Inc. | Oligonucleotide compositions for targeting ccr2 and csf1r and uses thereof |
Also Published As
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AU2005250156A1 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
EP1753758A1 (en) | 2007-02-21 |
MY140571A (en) | 2009-12-31 |
KR20070020070A (en) | 2007-02-16 |
BRPI0511599A (en) | 2008-01-02 |
TW200606154A (en) | 2006-02-16 |
CN1956980A (en) | 2007-05-02 |
EA200602193A1 (en) | 2007-04-27 |
US20070249691A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
JP2008500310A (en) | 2008-01-10 |
PA8634401A1 (en) | 2006-05-16 |
ZA200609846B (en) | 2008-07-30 |
DE602005013216D1 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
ATE425161T1 (en) | 2009-03-15 |
EP1753758B1 (en) | 2009-03-11 |
MXPA06013764A (en) | 2007-02-08 |
NO20066011L (en) | 2007-02-23 |
AR049386A1 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
CA2566187A1 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
IL179518A0 (en) | 2007-05-15 |
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