WO2005099778A1 - Method for decomposing harmful substance and apparatus for decomposing harmful substance - Google Patents

Method for decomposing harmful substance and apparatus for decomposing harmful substance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005099778A1
WO2005099778A1 PCT/JP2005/006159 JP2005006159W WO2005099778A1 WO 2005099778 A1 WO2005099778 A1 WO 2005099778A1 JP 2005006159 W JP2005006159 W JP 2005006159W WO 2005099778 A1 WO2005099778 A1 WO 2005099778A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photocatalyst
light
decomposing
harmful substance
gas
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Application number
PCT/JP2005/006159
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroshi Noguchi
Original Assignee
Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha
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Publication date
Application filed by Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha filed Critical Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha
Priority to KR1020087020329A priority Critical patent/KR100930837B1/en
Priority to CN200580011122XA priority patent/CN1960769B/en
Publication of WO2005099778A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005099778A1/en
Priority to HK07106073.0A priority patent/HK1101361A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
    • A61L9/18—Radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
    • A61L9/18—Radiation
    • A61L9/20—Ultra-violet radiation
    • A61L9/205—Ultra-violet radiation using a photocatalyst or photosensitiser
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
    • A61L9/18—Radiation
    • A61L9/20—Ultra-violet radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/88—Handling or mounting catalysts
    • B01D53/885—Devices in general for catalytic purification of waste gases
    • B01J35/39—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/80—Type of catalytic reaction
    • B01D2255/802—Photocatalytic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
    • B01J35/59—

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technology for collecting harmful gases such as odor and making them harmless, and more particularly to one using a photocatalyst.
  • a photocatalyst represented by titanium oxide or the like When a photocatalyst represented by titanium oxide or the like is irradiated with light having energy equal to or higher than the band gap of the photocatalyst, holes and electrons are generated inside the photocatalyst. The holes and electrons thus generated are diffused to the surface of the photocatalyst, and react with the substance adsorbed on the surface of the photocatalyst and the substance present in the vicinity of the surface of the photocatalyst. Many air purifiers and the like that utilize the properties of such photocatalysts have been commercialized, and many patent applications have been made.
  • titanium oxide photocatalyst is most frequently used because of its excellent oxidizing power and chemical stability. With this titanium oxide photocatalyst, the above-mentioned photocatalytic reaction proceeds by absorbing light having a wavelength of about 400 or less.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of an air purifier using both ozone and a photocatalyst.
  • this air purifier includes a filter portion 31, an ozone generation portion 32, a photocatalytic device 33, and an activated carbon portion 34 in this order from the upstream to the downstream of the flow path of the air to be treated.
  • the photocatalytic device 33 includes a case member for forming a flow path of air, a photocatalytic filter having a photocatalytic functional layer supported on a substrate having a large number of pores provided inside the case member, and a photocatalytic filter Means for irradiating ultraviolet light. Then, the photocatalyst filter is disposed such that the total amount of air to be processed flows through the photocatalyst filter.
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an air purification apparatus provided with a deodorizing filter in which an adsorbent containing at least one of activated carbon and zeolite and a photocatalyst are used in combination.
  • the air purification device has a cylindrical deodorizing filter 41 including a photocatalyst, and an excitation light source 42 is disposed on the upstream side of the deodorizing filter 41 in proximity to the deodorizing filter 41 and the deodorizing filter 41 is excited. It is configured to rotate so that the irradiation position of the light from the light source 42 changes.
  • the gas adsorbed to the whole of the deodorizing filter 41 can be treated and decomposed. Therefore, the regeneration rate of the deodorizing filter 41 can be improved, and the initial excellent performance can be sustained for a long time (for example, see Patent Document 2).
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-272824
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-263175
  • the photocatalytic reaction proceeds only on the surface of the photocatalyst and in the vicinity of the surface of the photocatalyst. For this reason, in the case of decomposing and purifying harmful gases at extremely dilute concentrations of ppm or ppb level by photocatalyst, the process of diffusing the harmful gas on the photocatalyst surface tends to be the rate-limiting step of the decomposition and purification reaction. In particular, there is a problem that the decomposition and cleaning rate is significantly slowed when the harmful gas having a low adsorptivity to the photocatalyst is used as the target of decomposition and purification.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses the combined use with ozone, but the improvement of the cleaning rate by the combined use with ozone is not necessarily clarified.
  • Patent Document 2 describes the combined use of a photocatalyst and an adsorbent containing at least one of activated carbon and zeolite, the use of such an adsorbent is also possible. Since the harmful substances can not be adsorbed after the adsorbent reaches adsorption saturation, the purification action becomes low, and the adsorbent needs to be replaced. The used adsorbents become general waste and industrial waste, and there was a problem in terms of waste increase.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a technology for decomposing harmful substances with high efficiency for decomposing and removing harmful substances, or a technology for decomposing harmful substances that requires only a small amount of waste, which solves the above problems.
  • the concentration of odorants generated in living space is on the order of ppb to several ppm, and in the case of decomposing such a lean concentration gas, the decomposition rate of the gas is proportional to the gas concentration It is known to grow. Also, in relation to the light intensity and the decomposition rate, the power of a cold cathode lamp for black light and photocatalyst is usually several mWZ cm 2 order light emitted In the case of the intensity, the higher the light intensity, the higher the decomposition rate. From these facts, it is concluded that the higher the light intensity and gas concentration, the higher the decomposition rate, and the stronger the effect of removing harmful substances such as deodorizing effect.
  • a decomposing device for harmful substances such as deodorizing devices composed of a member that carries a photocatalyst such as a ceramic filter coated with a photocatalyst and a light source
  • a gas containing harmful substances such as odor gas
  • the gas containing harmful substances has the highest gas concentration and the light intensity is high. Since the highest degree of contact is achieved by passing through the surface of a member carrying a photocatalyst such as a ceramic filter, the reaction efficiency can be increased.
  • the light source between members supporting photocatalysts such as two ceramic filters, light is reflected by the member supporting photocatalysts such as one ceramic filter and light is reflected on the other side such as ceramic filters etc. Since the light is incident on the member carrying the photocatalyst, it can be used to advance the photocatalytic reaction on the photocatalyst coated on the surface, and it becomes possible to increase the utilization efficiency of light.
  • the surfaces of members carrying a photocatalyst are arranged such that the light irradiated to the surfaces is reflected to the other surfaces, and a light source disposed in a region surrounded by these surfaces is used.
  • the light irradiated to the surface of the member carrying the photocatalyst contributes to the photocatalytic reaction or reflects the other photocatalyst even if it is reflected by the method of decomposing the harmful substance by irradiating the photocatalyst with light and decomposing the harmful substance by the photocatalyst. Since the light is irradiated to the surface of the carried member, the utilization efficiency of light energy can be improved.
  • the surfaces of members carrying a photocatalyst are arranged opposite to each other, and the photocatalyst is irradiated with light from a light source disposed between these surfaces to decompose harmful substances by the photocatalyst.
  • the light irradiated to the surface of the member carrying the photocatalyst contributes to the photocatalytic reaction, or even if it is reflected, the light is irradiated to the surface of the member carrying the other photocatalyst. Energy efficiency can be improved.
  • a light source is installed inside a tubular member carrying a photocatalyst, and the photocatalyst is supported by a method of decomposing harmful substances by irradiating the photocatalyst with the light source to decompose the harmful substance by the photocatalyst.
  • the light irradiated to the surface of the member which has been used contributes to the photocatalytic reaction, or even if it is reflected, it is irradiated to the surface of the member carrying another photocatalyst, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the light energy.
  • harmful substances are filtered or formed by a method of decomposing a harmful substance, which is a member carrying the photocatalyst, a tubular member, a filter-like member, or a member capable of passing porous or other gases. It can be decomposed and removed as it passes through members that can pass other gases.
  • a porous material when a porous material is used, the surface area of the member is increased, so the amount of photocatalyst present is also increased, and the decomposition and removal efficiency of harmful substances is increased.
  • a harmful substance can pass, it is applicable.
  • the gas carrying the photocatalyst is carried so that the gas containing the harmful substance first passes through the member carrying the photocatalyst, or the surface of the cylindrical member having the highest light irradiation intensity.
  • the harmful substance can be efficiently removed by decomposing the harmful substance introduced into the rod-like member.
  • the member carrying the photocatalyst, or the tubular member made of ceramic can be recovered performance by washing the member carrying the photocatalyst or the tubular member with water by the method of decomposing the harmful substance. The amount is small.
  • the harmful substance decomposing apparatus has a flow decomposing substance of the harmful substance decomposing apparatus in which a straightening vane is installed in the gas flow path in the harmful substance decomposing apparatus, the flow resistance of the gas becomes large and the gas flow rate is small
  • the gas can be circulated throughout the member supporting the photocatalyst, the contact efficiency between the harmful substance and the photocatalyst becomes high, and the decomposition and removal effect of the harmful substance can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a deodorizing apparatus.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a deodorizing apparatus.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of an air purifier using ozone and a photocatalyst in combination.
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of an air purifier using an adsorbent containing at least one of activated carbon and zeolite in combination with a photocatalyst.
  • FIG. 1 The block diagram of the deodorizing apparatus used for FIG. 1 at 1st Embodiment is shown.
  • FIG. 1 (a) is a cross-sectional view of the deodorizing apparatus, and (b) is a side view of the deodorizing apparatus.
  • This deodorizing apparatus combines a photocatalyst-coated ceramic filter with a light source for exciting the photocatalytic reaction so that a light source can be effectively used.
  • a light source is interposed between two ceramic filters. Deploy. Furthermore, the gas is introduced between the two ceramic filters so that the gas containing the odorous gas first passes through the surface of the ceramic filter where the light irradiation intensity is highest, and the force also passes through the ceramic filter.
  • the deodorizing device includes an air inlet 1 for introducing a gas installed at the lower part of the deodorizing device, a fan 2 for driving a gas introduced at an upper portion of the air outlet 1, and a deodorizing device.
  • gas is introduced from the air inlet 1 and reaches the central portion of the deodorizing device in which the lamp 3 as a light source is installed. Then, it passes ceramic filters 4, 5 arranged on both sides of the lamp 3. At the time of this passage, the light-irradiated photocatalyst on the surface of the ceramic filters 4 and 5 comes in contact with the gas, whereby the odor component gas in the gas is decomposed.
  • the gas from which the odor component gas has been decomposed and removed by passing through the ceramic filters 4 and 5 is the side chamber 6 or 7 To the side rooms 8, 9 and exhaust from the exhaust ports 10, 11.
  • the gas with the highest concentration of the odor component gas is irradiated with the strongest light of the ceramic filters 4 and 5. It is possible to break down harmful substances efficiently by passing through the In addition, by arranging a light source between two ceramic filters, light emitted to one of the ceramic filters is reflected to the other ceramic filter, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of light energy. be able to.
  • the lamps 3 serving as the light source may be provided in a single piece instead of a plurality of vertically arranged filters as long as the ceramic filters 4 and 5 can be uniformly irradiated.
  • titanium oxide is most preferable as the photocatalyst applied to the ceramic filter, but zinc oxide, strontium titanate, barium titanate, or a composite compound obtained by combining these photocatalysts, etc. is suitable. And those having a photocatalytic function can be used.
  • the number of ceramic filters is not limited to two, and any number of ceramic filters may be installed as long as the irradiated light is reflected by the other ceramic filters.
  • the lamp 3 of the light source may be installed inside a cylindrical ceramic filter such as a cylindrical shape.
  • FIG. 1 The block diagram of the deodorizing apparatus used for 2nd Embodiment is shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, (a) is a cross-sectional view of the deodorizing apparatus, and (b) is a side view of the deodorizing apparatus.
  • This deodorizing apparatus is the deodorizing apparatus of the first embodiment, in which a plurality of baffles 12 are attached to the side chambers 6, 7 so as to be perpendicular to the gas moving upward.
  • the flow resistance of the gas is increased, and the gas can uniformly flow in the side chambers 6 and 7 even when the gas flow rate is small. This action makes it possible to circulate the gas throughout the ceramic filters 4 and 5, and the contact efficiency between the odor component gas and the photocatalyst becomes high, and the deodorizing effect can be improved.
  • the rectifying plate 12 may not be perpendicular to the gas moving upward as long as the above effect can be obtained, and one plate may be provided in each of the side chambers 6 and 7. One by one.

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for decomposing harmful substances wherein a supporting member such as a ceramic filter to which a photocatalyst such as titanium oxide is applied is used in combination with a light source which generates light for inducing a photocatalytic reaction. For efficiently utilizing the light emitted from the light source for the photocatalytic reaction in the photocatalyst layer, two pieces of members such as ceramic filters supporting the photocatalyst are arranged opposite to each other and the light source is placed between the two members for irradiating the photocatalyst with light. A harmful substance is introduced to the surface of the photocatalyst which has attained a power for decomposing the harmful substance through the irradiation of light.

Description

明 細 書  Specification
有害物質の分解方法、及び有害物質分解装置  Method of decomposing harmful substance, and harmful substance decomposing apparatus
技術分野  Technical field
[0001] 本発明は、臭気などの有害ガスを捕集してこれらを無害化する技術に係り、特に、 光触媒を用 、て行うものに関する。  [0001] The present invention relates to a technology for collecting harmful gases such as odor and making them harmless, and more particularly to one using a photocatalyst.
背景技術  Background art
[0002] 酸ィ匕チタン等に代表される光触媒に、その光触媒が持つバンドギャップ以上のエネ ルギーを有する光を照射すると、光触媒内部には正孔、及び電子が発生する。この ようにして発生した正孔、及び電子が光触媒表面に拡散して、光触媒表面に吸着し た物質、及び光触媒表面の近傍に存在する物質と反応する。このような光触媒の性 質を利用した空気浄化装置等が数多く製品化され、また特許出願も数多くなされて いる。なお、光触媒の中でも、酸化力の強さ、化学的安定性に優れる等の理由から 酸ィ匕チタン光触媒が最も多く利用されている。この酸化チタン光触媒は、約 400應 以下の波長の光を吸収することで前記のような光触媒反応が進行する。  When a photocatalyst represented by titanium oxide or the like is irradiated with light having energy equal to or higher than the band gap of the photocatalyst, holes and electrons are generated inside the photocatalyst. The holes and electrons thus generated are diffused to the surface of the photocatalyst, and react with the substance adsorbed on the surface of the photocatalyst and the substance present in the vicinity of the surface of the photocatalyst. Many air purifiers and the like that utilize the properties of such photocatalysts have been commercialized, and many patent applications have been made. Among photocatalysts, titanium oxide photocatalyst is most frequently used because of its excellent oxidizing power and chemical stability. With this titanium oxide photocatalyst, the above-mentioned photocatalytic reaction proceeds by absorbing light having a wavelength of about 400 or less.
[0003] 図 3はオゾンと光触媒とを併用した空気清浄器の平面図である。図 3に示すように、 この空気清浄器は被処理流体である空気の流路の上流から下流へ向けて、順にフィ ルタ部 31、オゾン発生部 32、光触媒装置 33、及び活性炭部 34を備えている。光触 媒装置 33は空気の流路を形成するケース部材、このケース部材の内部に設けた、多 数の空孔を有する基体に光触媒機能層を担持させてなる光触媒フィルタ、及び光触 媒フィルタを照射する紫外線照射手段を有している。そして、処理される空気の全量 が光触媒フィルタを透過して流れるように光触媒フィルタが配置されて 、る。  [0003] FIG. 3 is a plan view of an air purifier using both ozone and a photocatalyst. As shown in FIG. 3, this air purifier includes a filter portion 31, an ozone generation portion 32, a photocatalytic device 33, and an activated carbon portion 34 in this order from the upstream to the downstream of the flow path of the air to be treated. ing. The photocatalytic device 33 includes a case member for forming a flow path of air, a photocatalytic filter having a photocatalytic functional layer supported on a substrate having a large number of pores provided inside the case member, and a photocatalytic filter Means for irradiating ultraviolet light. Then, the photocatalyst filter is disposed such that the total amount of air to be processed flows through the photocatalyst filter.
[0004] この空気清浄器に導入された空気が光触媒装置 33のケース部材を通過する際に は、紫外線照射手段の光照射により活性ィ匕した光触媒フィルタにより、含有する有害 物質が分解される。これにより空気を無害化して力 排出することができる (例えば、 特許文献 1参照。 )o  When the air introduced into the air purifier passes through the case member of the photocatalyst device 33, the contained harmful substance is decomposed by the photocatalyst filter activated by the light irradiation of the ultraviolet irradiation means. As a result, the air can be made harmless and the force can be discharged (see, for example, Patent Document 1) o
[0005] また、図 4は活性炭、及びゼォライトのうち少なくとも 1種を含む吸着剤と光触媒とを 併用した脱臭フィルタを備える空気浄ィ匕装置の縦断面図である。図 4に示すように、 当該空気浄化装置は、光触媒を含む筒状の脱臭フィルタ 41を有し、この脱臭フィル タ 41の上流側に、脱臭フィルタ 41に近接させて励起光源 42を配置するとともに、脱 臭フィルタ 41を励起光源 42からの光の照射位置が変化するように回転させる構成と する。これにより、脱臭フィルタ 41全体に吸着したガスを処理分解することができる。 したがって、脱臭フィルタ 41の再生率を向上させることができ、初期の優れた性能を 長期間持続させることが可能となる (例えば、特許文献 2参照。 )0 FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an air purification apparatus provided with a deodorizing filter in which an adsorbent containing at least one of activated carbon and zeolite and a photocatalyst are used in combination. As shown in Figure 4, The air purification device has a cylindrical deodorizing filter 41 including a photocatalyst, and an excitation light source 42 is disposed on the upstream side of the deodorizing filter 41 in proximity to the deodorizing filter 41 and the deodorizing filter 41 is excited. It is configured to rotate so that the irradiation position of the light from the light source 42 changes. Thus, the gas adsorbed to the whole of the deodorizing filter 41 can be treated and decomposed. Therefore, the regeneration rate of the deodorizing filter 41 can be improved, and the initial excellent performance can be sustained for a long time (for example, see Patent Document 2). 0
[0006] 特許文献 1：特開 2002— 272824号公報  Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-272824
[0007] 特許文献 2 :特開 2002— 263175号公報  Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-263175
[0008] 一方、光触媒反応は光触媒の表面、及び光触媒の表面付近でのみ進行する。この ため、 ppm、又は ppbレベルの極めて希薄な濃度の有害ガスを光触媒により分解浄 化する場合には、有害ガスが光触媒表面に拡散する過程が分解浄化反応の律速段 階となりやすい。特に、光触媒に対しての吸着性が小さい有害ガスを分解浄化の対 象とする場合には、分解浄ィ匕速度が顕著に遅くなるという問題がある。  On the other hand, the photocatalytic reaction proceeds only on the surface of the photocatalyst and in the vicinity of the surface of the photocatalyst. For this reason, in the case of decomposing and purifying harmful gases at extremely dilute concentrations of ppm or ppb level by photocatalyst, the process of diffusing the harmful gas on the photocatalyst surface tends to be the rate-limiting step of the decomposition and purification reaction. In particular, there is a problem that the decomposition and cleaning rate is significantly slowed when the harmful gas having a low adsorptivity to the photocatalyst is used as the target of decomposition and purification.
[0009] この点について、前記特許文献 1においては、オゾンとの併用が示されているが、 オゾンとの併用による浄ィ匕速度の向上は必ずしも明確にされて 、な 、。  [0009] In this regard, Patent Document 1 discloses the combined use with ozone, but the improvement of the cleaning rate by the combined use with ozone is not necessarily clarified.
[0010] また、前記特許文献 2においては、光触媒と、活性炭、及びゼォライトのうち少なくと も 1種を含む吸着剤との併用が記載されているが、このような吸着剤を用いたとしても 、当該吸着材が吸着飽和に達した後には有害物質を吸着することができないので浄 化作用が低くなり、吸着剤の交換が必要となる。この使用済みの吸着剤は一般廃棄 物や産業廃棄物となり、廃棄物増加の点から問題があった。  In addition, although Patent Document 2 describes the combined use of a photocatalyst and an adsorbent containing at least one of activated carbon and zeolite, the use of such an adsorbent is also possible. Since the harmful substances can not be adsorbed after the adsorbent reaches adsorption saturation, the purification action becomes low, and the adsorbent needs to be replaced. The used adsorbents become general waste and industrial waste, and there was a problem in terms of waste increase.
発明の概要  Summary of the invention
[0011] 本発明は、上記課題を解決した、有害物質の分解除去効率の高い有害物質の分 解技術、又は廃棄物量が少なくてすむ有害物質の分解技術を提供することを目的と する。  An object of the present invention is to provide a technology for decomposing harmful substances with high efficiency for decomposing and removing harmful substances, or a technology for decomposing harmful substances that requires only a small amount of waste, which solves the above problems.
[0012] 通常、住空間で発生する匂い物質の濃度は ppbから数 ppmのオーダーであり、こ のような希薄濃度のガスを分解する場合には、ガスの分解速度はガス濃度に比例し て大きくなることが知られている。また、光強度と分解速度の関係においても、通常、 ブラックライトや光触媒用の冷陰極ランプ力 発せられる数 mWZcm2オーダーの光 強度の場合には、光強度が強いほど分解速度が高くなる。これらのことから、光強度 、及びガス濃度が強いほど分解速度が高くなり、脱臭効果等の有害物質除去効果が 強くなることが帰結される。したがって、光触媒を塗布したセラミックフィルタ等の光触 媒を担持した部材、及び光源から構成される脱臭装置等の有害物質の分解装置に ぉ ヽては、臭気ガス等の有害物質を含んだ気体がセラミックフィルタ等の光触媒を担 持した部材の光源側の面力 流入するような配置にすることで、臭気ガス等の有害物 質を含んだ気体は、ガス濃度の最も高 、状態で光強度の最も高 、セラミックフィルタ 等の光触媒を担持した部材面を通過して接触することになるので、反応効率を高く することが可能となる。 [0012] Usually, the concentration of odorants generated in living space is on the order of ppb to several ppm, and in the case of decomposing such a lean concentration gas, the decomposition rate of the gas is proportional to the gas concentration It is known to grow. Also, in relation to the light intensity and the decomposition rate, the power of a cold cathode lamp for black light and photocatalyst is usually several mWZ cm 2 order light emitted In the case of the intensity, the higher the light intensity, the higher the decomposition rate. From these facts, it is concluded that the higher the light intensity and gas concentration, the higher the decomposition rate, and the stronger the effect of removing harmful substances such as deodorizing effect. Therefore, in a decomposing device for harmful substances such as deodorizing devices composed of a member that carries a photocatalyst such as a ceramic filter coated with a photocatalyst and a light source, a gas containing harmful substances such as odor gas By placing the surface force on the light source side of the member that supports the photocatalyst such as the ceramic filter, the gas containing harmful substances such as odor gas has the highest gas concentration and the light intensity is high. Since the highest degree of contact is achieved by passing through the surface of a member carrying a photocatalyst such as a ceramic filter, the reaction efficiency can be increased.
[0013] さらに、光触媒に照射された光は、その全てが光触媒に吸収され反応に寄与する のではなぐ光の一部、又は大部分は光触媒層で反射して外部へ漏れていく。外部 に漏れた光は脱臭反応に寄与できなくなるので、その分だけエネルギーが無駄に消 費されることになる。このような消費をできるだけ少なくするため、光源力もの光が外 部に漏れにくくなるような構造をとることが必要になる。その一つの方法として、例え ば、光源を 2枚のセラミックフィルタ等の光触媒を担持した部材の間に配置する方法 がある。このように、光源を 2枚のセラミックフィルタ等の光触媒を担持した部材の間に 配置することで、片方のセラミックフィルタ等の光触媒を担持した部材で反射して光は 反対側のセラミックフィルタ等の光触媒を担持した部材に入射することになり、その表 面にコートされた光触媒上で光触媒反応を進行させるのに利用することができ光の 利用効率を高くすることが可能となる。  Furthermore, all or part of the light irradiated to the photocatalyst is absorbed by the photocatalyst and contributes to the reaction, or part of the light is reflected by the photocatalyst layer and leaks to the outside. Since the light leaked to the outside can not contribute to the deodorization reaction, energy will be wasted as much. In order to reduce such consumption as much as possible, it is necessary to have a structure that makes it difficult for light from the light source to leak to the outside. As one of the methods, for example, there is a method of arranging a light source between members carrying photocatalysts such as two ceramic filters. As described above, by arranging the light source between members supporting photocatalysts such as two ceramic filters, light is reflected by the member supporting photocatalysts such as one ceramic filter and light is reflected on the other side such as ceramic filters etc. Since the light is incident on the member carrying the photocatalyst, it can be used to advance the photocatalytic reaction on the photocatalyst coated on the surface, and it becomes possible to increase the utilization efficiency of light.
[0014] 具体的には、光触媒を担持した部材の表面同士を当該表面に照射された光が他 の前記表面に反射するように配置し、これらの表面に囲まれる領域に設置した光源 により前記光触媒を光照射して当該光触媒により有害物質を分解する有害物質の分 解方法により、光触媒を担持した部材の表面に照射された光は光触媒反応に寄与 するか、反射したとしても他の光触媒を担持した部材の表面に照射されることになる ため光エネルギーの利用効率を向上させることができる。  Specifically, the surfaces of members carrying a photocatalyst are arranged such that the light irradiated to the surfaces is reflected to the other surfaces, and a light source disposed in a region surrounded by these surfaces is used. The light irradiated to the surface of the member carrying the photocatalyst contributes to the photocatalytic reaction or reflects the other photocatalyst even if it is reflected by the method of decomposing the harmful substance by irradiating the photocatalyst with light and decomposing the harmful substance by the photocatalyst. Since the light is irradiated to the surface of the carried member, the utilization efficiency of light energy can be improved.
[0015] また、光触媒を担持した部材の表面同士を対向配置し、これらの表面間に設置した 光源により前記光触媒を光照射して当該光触媒により有害物質を分解すること有害 物質の分解方法により、光触媒を担持した部材の表面に照射された光は光触媒反 応に寄与するか、反射したとしても他の光触媒を担持した部材の表面に照射されるこ とになるため光エネルギーの利用効率を向上させることができる。 In addition, the surfaces of members carrying a photocatalyst are arranged opposite to each other, and the photocatalyst is irradiated with light from a light source disposed between these surfaces to decompose harmful substances by the photocatalyst. Depending on the decomposition method of the substance, the light irradiated to the surface of the member carrying the photocatalyst contributes to the photocatalytic reaction, or even if it is reflected, the light is irradiated to the surface of the member carrying the other photocatalyst. Energy efficiency can be improved.
[0016] また、光触媒を担持した筒状部材の内部に光源を設置して、当該光源により前記 光触媒を光照射して当該光触媒により有害物質を分解する有害物質の分解方法に より、光触媒を担持した部材の表面に照射された光は光触媒反応に寄与するか、反 射したとしても他の光触媒を担持した部材の表面に照射されることになるため光エネ ルギ一の利用効率を向上させることができる。  Further, a light source is installed inside a tubular member carrying a photocatalyst, and the photocatalyst is supported by a method of decomposing harmful substances by irradiating the photocatalyst with the light source to decompose the harmful substance by the photocatalyst. The light irradiated to the surface of the member which has been used contributes to the photocatalytic reaction, or even if it is reflected, it is irradiated to the surface of the member carrying another photocatalyst, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the light energy. Can.
[0017] また、前記光触媒を担持した部材、又は筒状部材カフィルタ状、又は多孔質その他 の気体を通過させることができる部材である有害物質の分解方法により、有害物質を フィルタ状、又は多孔質その他の気体を通過させることができる部材を通過するとき に分解除去できる。また、多孔質を用いた場合には、部材の表面積が大きくなるので 光触媒の存在量も大きくなり有害物質の分解除去効率が増大する。なお、フィルタ状 、又は多孔質の部材以外のものでも、有害物質が通過できるものであれば適用でき る。  In addition, harmful substances are filtered or formed by a method of decomposing a harmful substance, which is a member carrying the photocatalyst, a tubular member, a filter-like member, or a member capable of passing porous or other gases. It can be decomposed and removed as it passes through members that can pass other gases. In addition, when a porous material is used, the surface area of the member is increased, so the amount of photocatalyst present is also increased, and the decomposition and removal efficiency of harmful substances is increased. In addition, even if it is something other than a filter-like or porous member, if a harmful substance can pass, it is applicable.
[0018] また、有害物質を含有する気体が前記光触媒を担持した部材、又は筒状部材の光 照射強度が最も高い面を最初に通過するように前記気体を前記光触媒を担持した 部材、又は筒状部材に導入する有害物質の分解方法により、効率よく有害物質を分 解除去することができる。  Further, the gas carrying the photocatalyst is carried so that the gas containing the harmful substance first passes through the member carrying the photocatalyst, or the surface of the cylindrical member having the highest light irradiation intensity. The harmful substance can be efficiently removed by decomposing the harmful substance introduced into the rod-like member.
[0019] また、前記光触媒を担持した部材、又は筒状部材がセラミックである有害物質の分 解方法により、光触媒を担持した部材、又は筒状部材の水洗浄による性能回復が可 能で、廃棄物量が少なくてすむ。  Further, the member carrying the photocatalyst, or the tubular member made of ceramic, can be recovered performance by washing the member carrying the photocatalyst or the tubular member with water by the method of decomposing the harmful substance. The amount is small.
[0020] また、上記有害物質の分解方法により有害物質を分解する有害物質分解装置を実 現することが可能である。  Further, it is possible to realize a harmful substance decomposing apparatus for decomposing the harmful substance by the method of decomposing the harmful substance.
[0021] また、有害物質分解装置は、前記有害物質分解装置内の気体の流路に整流板を 設置した有害物質分解装置により、気体の流通抵抗が大きくなり、気体流量が少な Vヽ場合でも光触媒を担持した部材全体に気体を流通させることができ、有害物質と 光触媒との接触効率が高くなり、有害物質の分解除去効果を向上させることができる 図面の簡単な説明 Further, the harmful substance decomposing apparatus has a flow decomposing substance of the harmful substance decomposing apparatus in which a straightening vane is installed in the gas flow path in the harmful substance decomposing apparatus, the flow resistance of the gas becomes large and the gas flow rate is small The gas can be circulated throughout the member supporting the photocatalyst, the contact efficiency between the harmful substance and the photocatalyst becomes high, and the decomposition and removal effect of the harmful substance can be improved. Brief description of the drawings
[0022] [図 1]脱臭装置の構成図である。  FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a deodorizing apparatus.
[0023] [図 2]脱臭装置の構成図である。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a deodorizing apparatus.
[0024] [図 3]オゾンと光触媒との併用による空気清浄器の平面図である。  FIG. 3 is a plan view of an air purifier using ozone and a photocatalyst in combination.
[0025] 圆 4]活性炭、ゼォライトの少なくとも 1種を含む吸着剤と光触媒とを併用した空気浄 化装置の縦断面図である。  [0025] Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of an air purifier using an adsorbent containing at least one of activated carbon and zeolite in combination with a photocatalyst.
発明を実施するための最良の形態  BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0026] 以下、図面を参照しつつ、本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0027] (第 1実施形態）  First Embodiment
図 1に第 1実施形態に用いる脱臭装置の構成図を示す。図 1において、（a)は脱臭 装置の断面構成図で、（b)は脱臭装置の側面構成図である。  The block diagram of the deodorizing apparatus used for FIG. 1 at 1st Embodiment is shown. In FIG. 1, (a) is a cross-sectional view of the deodorizing apparatus, and (b) is a side view of the deodorizing apparatus.
[0028] この脱臭装置は、光触媒を塗布したセラミックフィルタと光触媒反応を励起させるた めの光源とを組合せて、光源力もの光を有効に使用できるように 2枚のセラミックフィ ルタ間に光源を配置する。さらに、臭気ガスを含んだ気体がセラミックフィルタの光照 射強度が最も高い面を最初に通過するように 2枚のセラミックフィルタの間に気体を 導入して力もセラミックフィルタを通過する構造を持つ。  This deodorizing apparatus combines a photocatalyst-coated ceramic filter with a light source for exciting the photocatalytic reaction so that a light source can be effectively used. A light source is interposed between two ceramic filters. Deploy. Furthermore, the gas is introduced between the two ceramic filters so that the gas containing the odorous gas first passes through the surface of the ceramic filter where the light irradiation intensity is highest, and the force also passes through the ceramic filter.
[0029] 具体的に脱臭装置は、脱臭装置の下部に設置された気体を導入する吸気口 1、吸 気口 1の上部に設置された気体導入の駆動力であるファン 2、脱臭装置内に縦に平 行に配置された光源として用いる複数のランプ 3、このランプ 3を挟んで対向するよう 設置された 2枚のセラミックフィルタ 4、 5、セラミックフィルタ 4、 5に隣接された側室 6、 7、この側室 6、 7と接続しており気体を排気口に導入するための側室 8、 9、及びこの 側室 8、 9に接続しており気体を排気するための排気口 10、 11を有している。  Specifically, the deodorizing device includes an air inlet 1 for introducing a gas installed at the lower part of the deodorizing device, a fan 2 for driving a gas introduced at an upper portion of the air outlet 1, and a deodorizing device. A plurality of lamps 3 used as light sources arranged in parallel in the vertical direction, two ceramic filters 4 and 5 installed so as to face each other across the lamps 3, side chambers 6 and 7 adjacent to the ceramic filters 4 and 5 And side chambers 8 and 9 connected to the side chambers 6 and 7 for introducing a gas into the exhaust port, and exhaust ports 10 and 11 connected to the side chambers 8 and 9 for exhausting the gas. ing.
[0030] この脱臭装置にぉ 、て、ファン 2を駆動させると吸気口 1から気体が導入されて光源 であるランプ 3が設置された脱臭装置の中央部に到達する。そしてランプ 3の両横に 配置されたセラミックフィルタ 4、 5を通過する。この通過の際にセラミックフィルタ 4、 5 表面の光照射された光触媒と気体とが接触して気体中の臭気成分ガスが分解される 。セラミックフィルタ 4、 5を通過して臭気成分ガスが分解除去された気体は側室 6、 7 を経て側室 8、 9に至り、排気口 10、 11から排気される。 When the fan 2 is driven into the deodorizing device, gas is introduced from the air inlet 1 and reaches the central portion of the deodorizing device in which the lamp 3 as a light source is installed. Then, it passes ceramic filters 4, 5 arranged on both sides of the lamp 3. At the time of this passage, the light-irradiated photocatalyst on the surface of the ceramic filters 4 and 5 comes in contact with the gas, whereby the odor component gas in the gas is decomposed. The gas from which the odor component gas has been decomposed and removed by passing through the ceramic filters 4 and 5 is the side chamber 6 or 7 To the side rooms 8, 9 and exhaust from the exhaust ports 10, 11.
[0031] このように、気体をランプ 3からセラミックフィルタ 4、 5に向けて通過させることで、臭 気成分ガスの濃度が最も高い状態の気体が、セラミックフィルタ 4、 5の最も強く光照 射されている部分を通過することになり、効率よく有害物質を分解除去することができ る。また、 2枚のセラミックフィルタ間に光源を配置することで、一方のセラミックフィル タに照射され、反射した光は他方のセラミックフィルタに照射されることになるので、光 エネルギーの利用効率を向上させることができる。  As described above, by passing the gas from the lamp 3 to the ceramic filters 4 and 5, the gas with the highest concentration of the odor component gas is irradiated with the strongest light of the ceramic filters 4 and 5. It is possible to break down harmful substances efficiently by passing through the In addition, by arranging a light source between two ceramic filters, light emitted to one of the ceramic filters is reflected to the other ceramic filter, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of light energy. be able to.
[0032] なお、光源であるランプ 3はセラミックフィルタ 4、 5を均一に光照射できれば縦に平 行に設置されてなくてもよぐ複数ではなく 1個でもよい。  The lamps 3 serving as the light source may be provided in a single piece instead of a plurality of vertically arranged filters as long as the ceramic filters 4 and 5 can be uniformly irradiated.
[0033] また、セラミックフィルタに塗布する光触媒には酸ィ匕チタンが最も好ま 、が、酸ィ匕 亜鉛、チタン酸ストロンチウム、若しくはチタン酸バリウム、又はこれらの光触媒を適宜 組み合わせたィ匕合物等、光触媒機能を有するものを使用することができる。  Further, titanium oxide is most preferable as the photocatalyst applied to the ceramic filter, but zinc oxide, strontium titanate, barium titanate, or a composite compound obtained by combining these photocatalysts, etc. is suitable. And those having a photocatalytic function can be used.
[0034] また、セラミックフィルタは 2枚に限定されるものではなぐ照射された光が他のセラミ ックフィルタに反射されるような位置関係であれば何枚でも設置してょ 、。その他にも 、円筒状などの筒状のセラミックフィルタの内部に光源のランプ 3を設置してもよい。  Further, the number of ceramic filters is not limited to two, and any number of ceramic filters may be installed as long as the irradiated light is reflected by the other ceramic filters. In addition, the lamp 3 of the light source may be installed inside a cylindrical ceramic filter such as a cylindrical shape.
[0035] (第 2実施形態）  Second Embodiment
図 2に第 2実施形態に用いる脱臭装置の構成図を示す。図 1において、（a)は脱臭 装置の断面構成図で、（b)は脱臭装置の側面構成図である。  The block diagram of the deodorizing apparatus used for 2nd Embodiment is shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, (a) is a cross-sectional view of the deodorizing apparatus, and (b) is a side view of the deodorizing apparatus.
[0036] この脱臭装置は前記第 1実施形態の脱臭装置において、上方に移動する気体に 対して垂直になるように側室 6、 7に整流板 12を複数枚取り付けたものである。  This deodorizing apparatus is the deodorizing apparatus of the first embodiment, in which a plurality of baffles 12 are attached to the side chambers 6, 7 so as to be perpendicular to the gas moving upward.
[0037] この整流板 12を取り付けることで、気体の流通抵抗が大きくなり、気体流量が少な い場合でも側室 6、 7に均一に気体が流れるようにすることができる。この作用によりセ ラミックフィルタ 4、 5全体に気体を流通させることができ、臭気成分ガスと光触媒との 接触効率が高くなり、脱臭効果を向上させることができる。  By attaching the baffle plate 12, the flow resistance of the gas is increased, and the gas can uniformly flow in the side chambers 6 and 7 even when the gas flow rate is small. This action makes it possible to circulate the gas throughout the ceramic filters 4 and 5, and the contact efficiency between the odor component gas and the photocatalyst becomes high, and the deodorizing effect can be improved.
[0038] なお、整流板 12は、上記の効果を得ることが出来きるものであれば、上方に移動す る気体に対して垂直でなくてもよぐまた、各側室 6、 7に一枚ずつでもよい。  The rectifying plate 12 may not be perpendicular to the gas moving upward as long as the above effect can be obtained, and one plate may be provided in each of the side chambers 6 and 7. One by one.

Claims

請求の範囲 The scope of the claims
[1] 光触媒を担持した部材の表面同士を当該表面に照射された光が他の前記表面に 反射するように配置し、これらの表面に囲まれる領域に設置した光源により前記光触 媒を光照射して当該光触媒により有害物質を分解することを特徴とする有害物質の 分解方法。  [1] The surface of the member carrying the photocatalyst is arranged such that the light irradiated to the surface is reflected to the other surface, and the light catalyst is lighted by the light source disposed in the area surrounded by the surfaces. A method for decomposing harmful substances, characterized in that the harmful substances are decomposed by irradiation with the photocatalyst.
[2] 光触媒を担持した部材の表面同士を対向配置し、これらの表面間に設置した光源 により前記光触媒を光照射して当該光触媒により有害物質を分解することを特徴とす る有害物質の分解方法。  [2] The surfaces of members carrying a photocatalyst are disposed opposite to each other, and the photocatalyst is irradiated with light from a light source disposed between these surfaces to decompose harmful substances by the photocatalyst. Method.
[3] 光触媒を担持した筒状部材の内部に光源を設置して、当該光源により前記光触媒 を光照射して当該光触媒により有害物質を分解することを特徴とする有害物質の分 解方法。 [3] A method of decomposing harmful substances, which comprises installing a light source inside a tubular member carrying a photocatalyst and irradiating the photocatalyst with light by the light source to decompose harmful substances by the photocatalyst.
[4] 前記光触媒を担持した部材、又は筒状部材がフィルタ状、又は多孔質その他の気 体を通過させることができる部材であることを特徴とする請求項 1〜3いずれ力 1項に 記載の有害物質の分解方法。  [4] The member carrying the photocatalyst, or the tubular member is a member in the form of a filter or a porous or other member capable of passing a gas. Of decomposition of harmful substances.
[5] 有害物質を含有する気体が前記光触媒を担持した部材、又は筒状部材の光照射 強度が最も高い面を最初に通過するように前記気体を前記光触媒を担持した部材、 又は筒状部材に導入することを特徴とする請求項 1〜4いずれか 1項に記載の有害 物質の分解方法。  [5] A member supporting the photocatalyst such that the gas containing the harmful substance first passes through the member supporting the photocatalyst, or the surface of the cylindrical member having the highest light irradiation intensity, or the cylindrical member A method of decomposing a harmful substance according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that
[6] 前記光触媒を担持した部材、又は筒状部材がセラミックであることを特徴とする請 求項 1〜5いずれか 1項に記載の有害物質の分解方法。  [6] The method for decomposing harmful substances according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the member carrying the photocatalyst or the tubular member is a ceramic.
[7] 前記請求項 1〜6いずれか 1項に記載の有害物質の分解方法により有害物質を分 解することを特徴とする有害物質分解装置。 [7] A harmful substance decomposing apparatus characterized in that the harmful substance is decomposed by the method of decomposing the harmful substance according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
[8] 前記有害物質分解装置内の気体の流路に整流板を設置したことを特徴とする請求 項 7に記載の有害物質分解装置。 [8] The harmful substance decomposing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein a straightening vane is provided in a gas flow path in the harmful substance decomposing apparatus.
PCT/JP2005/006159 2004-04-14 2005-03-30 Method for decomposing harmful substance and apparatus for decomposing harmful substance WO2005099778A1 (en)

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CN1960769A (en) 2007-05-09
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HK1101361A1 (en) 2007-10-18
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CN1960769B (en) 2010-05-12
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TW200539900A (en) 2005-12-16
KR100930837B1 (en) 2009-12-10

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