WO2005083891A1 - 送信装置及び無線通信装置 - Google Patents
送信装置及び無線通信装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005083891A1 WO2005083891A1 PCT/JP2005/003195 JP2005003195W WO2005083891A1 WO 2005083891 A1 WO2005083891 A1 WO 2005083891A1 JP 2005003195 W JP2005003195 W JP 2005003195W WO 2005083891 A1 WO2005083891 A1 WO 2005083891A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
- H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
- H04L27/36—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
- H04L27/361—Modulation using a single or unspecified number of carriers, e.g. with separate stages of phase and amplitude modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
- H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
- H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
- H03F1/0211—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers with control of the supply voltage or current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
- H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
- H03F1/0261—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers with control of the polarisation voltage or current, e.g. gliding Class A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
- H03F1/3223—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using feed-forward
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/24—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
- H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
- H04L27/36—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
- H04L27/366—Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator
- H04L27/367—Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator using predistortion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/331—Sigma delta modulation being used in an amplifying circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
- H04B1/0475—Circuits with means for limiting noise, interference or distortion
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a transmission device capable of amplifying transmission power using polar modulation and a wireless communication device using the transmission device.
- a transmission device used for mobile communication power efficiency and linearity in a transmission function are evaluated as indices for measuring the performance of the device.
- the power efficiency and linearity of this transmission function are the most important indices for expressing the performance of the device, especially for high-frequency modulation transmission equipment such as mobile phones!
- class AB As an amplifier at the final stage of such a high-frequency modulation transmission device, an amplifier having a so-called class AB operation is widely used. Although this class AB amplifier has little distortion, that is, excellent linearity, it always consumes power due to the DC bias component, so its power efficiency is reduced.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional variable output transmission device.
- the output variable transmission apparatus includes a modulation input terminal 101, 102, a carrier oscillator 104, a quadrature modulator 103 for orthogonally modulating the output of the modulation input terminal 101, 102 with the output frequency of the carrier oscillator 104, A power amplifier 105, a transmission output terminal 106, an envelope generation circuit 107 for generating an envelope from outputs of the modulation input terminals 101 and 102, a designated signal input terminal 112, and a power amplifier from a designated signal input terminal 112.
- a multi-valued DC signal generation circuit 108 which receives a signal for setting the average output level of 105 as an input and generates a DC signal corresponding to the input value, and outputs the output of the multi-valued DC signal generation circuit 108 to the output of an envelope generation circuit 107 Power to multiply envelope
- the configuration includes an arithmetic circuit 109, a voltage control circuit 110 that controls the drain voltage of the power amplifier 105 according to the output of the multiplication circuit 109, and a power supply terminal 111.
- Quadrature modulator 103 modulates the carrier supplied from carrier oscillator 104 with an I signal input from modulation input terminals 101 and 102 and a Q signal orthogonal to the I signal.
- the envelope generation circuit 107 calculates an amplitude signal R of the I and Q signals.
- An output level designation signal corresponding to the transmission output level to be output to the transmission output terminal 106 is input to the designated signal input terminal 112.
- Multi-level DC signal generation circuit 108 generates a DC signal according to an output level designation signal from designated signal input terminal 112.
- Multiplication circuit 109 multiplies the output of envelope generation circuit 107 by the output of multi-level DC signal generation circuit 108. As a result, a signal proportional to the envelope of the modulated wave is obtained at the output of the multiplication circuit 109.
- the voltage control circuit 110 changes the drain voltage Vo of the power amplifier 105 according to the output of the multiplication circuit 109. As a result, the drain voltage of the power amplifier 105 is proportional to the envelope of the modulated wave. Therefore, by using the configuration of the polar modulation system as described above, the power amplifier 105 can perform linear amplification while maintaining a highly efficient saturated state.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent No. 3024515
- Iin (t) and Qin (t) are quadrature modulated input signals
- Rmax is an amplitude limit value
- Rin (t) is an estimated amplitude value from which Iin (t) and Qin (t) forces are also calculated.
- the magnitudes of the estimated amplitude value Rin (t) and the amplitude limit value Rmax are compared, and when Rin (t) is smaller than Rmax, the input signals Iin (t) and Qin (t) are If Rin (t) is equal to or greater than Rmax, the peak of the modulated signal is reduced according to equations (1) and (2).
- the amplitude limitation is performed only when the instantaneous value of the amplitude exceeds the amplitude limitation value (hard clipping operation), and the amplitude limitation is performed. There is a problem that a sharp change occurs near the value, which tends to increase non-linear distortion as a result.
- Patent Document 1 Patent No. 3044057 (Page 120, FIG. 1)
- Patent Document 2 Patent No. 3024515 (Page 3, Equation 3)
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a transmission device and a radio communication device capable of performing highly efficient polar coordinate modulation while maintaining good distortion characteristics.
- a transmitting apparatus comprises an amplitude calculating means for calculating an amplitude of an input modulation signal, and distortion compensation data for storing distortion data of a normal characteristic or an inverse characteristic for performing distortion compensation on the input modulation signal.
- Storage means for reading distortion data having a normal characteristic or an inverse characteristic from the distortion compensation data storage means based on the output of the amplitude calculating means, and multiplying or dividing the input modulation signal by the distortion data to distort the distortion.
- a variable gain amplifying means for amplifying the output of the quadrature modulation means, wherein the gain is controlled based on a gain control signal.
- Power amplification means having a saturation mode for performing power amplification using a region, and amplitude modulation means for inputting an amplitude component of the output of the distortion compensation means to an output control input terminal of the power amplification means to perform polar coordinate modulation.
- polar coordinate modulation is performed by operating the power amplifying means in a saturation mode, the input compensation signal and the positive characteristic of the positive characteristic are applied to the distortion compensating means.
- the distortion compensating means When multiplying by the distortion data or dividing by the distortion data having the inverse characteristic and performing the linear amplification by operating the power amplifying means in the linear mode, the distortion compensating means receives the input modulated signal and The division is performed with the distortion data having the positive characteristic or the multiplication with the distortion data having the inverse characteristic.
- the input modulation signal when polar modulation is performed by operating in the saturation mode, the input modulation signal is multiplied by the distortion data when the distortion data has a positive characteristic, and division is performed when the distortion data has the inverse characteristic.
- distortion compensation can be performed by adding the same nonlinear distortion as when operating in the linear mode, and highly efficient polar modulation can be performed with the peak factor of the modulation signal reduced.
- linear amplification is performed by operating in the linear mode
- the input modulation signal is divided by the distortion data when the distortion data has a positive characteristic, and the input data is multiplied when the distortion data has the inverse characteristic. It is possible to perform nonlinear distortion compensation by adding a characteristic. This makes it possible to perform highly efficient polar modulation while maintaining good distortion characteristics.
- a transmitting apparatus includes an amplitude calculating means for calculating an amplitude of an input modulation signal, and a distortion compensation unit for storing distortion data having normal characteristics and inverse characteristics for performing distortion compensation on the input modulation signal. Based on the output of the data storage means and the output of the amplitude calculation means, the distortion data of the normal characteristic or the inverse characteristic is read from the normal / reverse distortion compensation data storage means, and the input modulation signal is multiplied by the distortion data.
- a variable gain amplifying means for amplifying the power of the output of the variable gain amplifying means; a linear mode for amplifying the power using a linear operation area in the input / output power characteristic; and a saturation mode for the input / output power characteristic.
- Territory A power amplifying means having a saturation mode for performing power amplification by using a power amplifier, and an amplitude modulating means for performing polar coordinate modulation by inputting an amplitude component of an output of the distortion compensating means to an output control input terminal of the power amplifying means.
- the distortion compensating means multiplies the input modulation signal by the distortion data of the positive characteristic.
- the distortion compensation means compares the input modulated signal with the distortion data having the inverse characteristic. Is performed.
- the input modulation signal is multiplied by distortion data having positive characteristics to add, for example, nonlinear distortion equivalent to that in operation in the linear mode.
- nonlinear distortion compensation can be performed by, for example, adding the inverse distortion characteristic of the power amplification means by multiplying the input modulation signal by the distortion data of the inverse characteristic. It is.
- the distortion compensating means can be constituted only by a multiplication function without using multi-bit division which requires a large processing in the ASIC, so that the structure of the distortion compensating means can be simplified and the processing load can be reduced.
- a transmitting apparatus includes a quadrature modulating means for inputting an in-phase component and a quadrature component of an input modulated signal to perform quadrature modulation, and amplifies an output of the quadrature modulating means, based on a gain control signal.
- a variable gain amplifying means whose gain is controlled; and a linear mode for amplifying the power of the output of the variable gain amplifying means and performing power amplification using a linear operation region in input / output power characteristics.
- Power amplifying means having a saturation mode for performing power amplification using a saturation operation region in the input / output power characteristic, amplitude calculating means for calculating the amplitude of the input modulation signal, and converting the amplitude component of the input modulation signal into the power Amplitude modulation means for inputting to the output control input terminal of the amplification means to perform polar modulation, amplitude distortion data storage means for storing distortion data corresponding to the amplitude of the input modulation signal, and saturation of the power amplification means In the case where polar modulation is performed by operating in a mode, distortion data is read from the amplitude distortion data storage unit based on the output of the amplitude calculation unit, and the amplitude of the input modulation signal is multiplied by the distortion data. And a distortion adding means.
- the amplitude of the input modulation signal is multiplied by the distortion data, and the amplitude component to which the distortion is added is input to the output control input terminal of the power amplification means.
- distortion compensation of the power amplifying means can be performed.
- the configuration of the amplitude distortion data storage means can be simplified by using only the distortion data for the amplitude, and the circuit configuration can be simplified by not performing the distortion compensation in the linear mode. .
- a transmitting apparatus is a quadrature modulating unit that performs quadrature modulation by inputting an in-phase component and a quadrature component of an input modulated signal, and amplifies the output of the quadrature modulating unit.
- First variable gain amplifying means for controlling the gain by controlling the gain, and amplifying the output of the first variable gain amplifying means, wherein the gain is controlled based on the gain control signal.
- a second variable gain amplifying means for amplifying the power of the output of the second variable gain amplifying means, and a linear mode for amplifying the power using a linear operation region in the input / output power characteristic;
- Power amplifying means having a saturation mode for performing power amplification using a saturation operation region in output power characteristics, amplitude detecting means for detecting an amplitude of an output of the first variable gain amplifying means, and an output of the amplitude detecting means.
- the power amplifier And a amplitude modulating means for performing polar modulation is input to the output control input of which is also of a.
- a transmitting apparatus includes a polar conversion unit that converts an input modulation signal composed of an in-phase component and a quadrature component into an amplitude signal and a phase signal, and distortion data for adding distortion to the amplitude signal and the phase signal.
- a distortion data storage means for reading distortion data from the distortion data storage means based on the amplitude signal and adding distortion to the amplitude signal and the phase signal; and Distortion compensation data storage means for storing two types of distortion data for performing distortion compensation on the amplitude signal and phase signal output of the means, and the distortion compensation data storage based on the amplitude signal output of the distortion applying means.
- a quadrature coordinate conversion means for converting any one of the amplitude signal outputs of the means and the phase signal output of the distortion compensation means into an in-phase component and a quadrature component; a quadrature modulation means for performing quadrature modulation by an output of the quadrature coordinate conversion means;
- a variable gain amplifying means for amplifying the output of the quadrature modulating means, the gain of which is controlled based on a gain control signal; and a power amplifying the output of the variable gain amplifying means;
- Operation area Amplifying means having a linear mode for performing power amplification using a frequency band, a saturation mode for performing power amplification using a saturation operation area in the input / output power characteristics, and an amplitude component of an output of the distortion compensating means.
- Amplitude modulating means for inputting to an output control input terminal of the amplifying means and performing polar modulation, and performing polar coordinate modulation by inputting an amplitude signal to the orthogonal coordinate converting means and operating the power amplifying means in a saturation mode.
- the output is a fixed value or the amplitude output of the distortion adding means.
- the peak factor of the modulation signal can be reduced even in linear modulation, not only in polar coordinate modulation, and higher efficiency can be achieved.
- the amplitude signal input to the orthogonal coordinate conversion unit is fixed when the operation mode is cellular communication.
- amplitude output in the distortion adding means in the case of WLAN communication.
- LlaZbZg suppresses the upper limit of the operating frequency of the DAC that is built into the output of the orthogonal coordinate conversion unit and narrows the transmission band! ⁇
- Cellular communication such as GSM
- the power amplifying unit performs the polar coordinate modulation when the transmission output power is at or near a maximum output level, Smaller than! /, In which case the linear amplification is performed.
- the power amplifying unit may A power supply terminal used as an output control input terminal, for increasing the current capacity of the signal of the predetermined level or an amplitude-modulated signal based on an amplitude component of the input modulation signal, and transmitting the signal to the power supply terminal; Some include a power supply driver that supplies power as an output control signal.
- the current capacity of the amplitude-modulated signal based on the amplitude component of the input modulation signal is enhanced by the power supply driver, and the signal is supplied to the power supply terminal of the power amplifying unit as a transmission output control signal, thereby achieving saturation. It is possible to perform highly efficient polar modulation in the mode.
- the present invention also provides a wireless communication device provided with any of the transmission devices described above.
- a wireless communication device having such a configuration high-efficiency amplification by polar coordinate modulation can be performed with the peak factor of the modulated signal reduced when operating in the saturation mode, and nonlinear distortion can be realized when operating in the linear mode.
- Linear amplification is possible while performing compensation, and it is more effective when applied to a small and mobile wireless communication device such as a mobile phone device.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a transmitting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a compensation table used in the first embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of data stored in a compensation table according to the first embodiment as a graph.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a transmitting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a compensation table used in the second embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of data stored in a compensation table according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a transmitting apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a distortion table used in the third embodiment
- FIG. 9 A characteristic diagram showing an example of data stored in a distortion table according to the third embodiment in a graph.
- 10 A block diagram showing a configuration of a transmitting apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the transmitting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the transmitting unit 10 constituting the transmitting apparatus according to the first embodiment performs a compensation operation for performing an operation such as distortion compensation.
- the compensation operation unit 11 includes a first amplitude calculation unit 15 for calculating the amplitude of the baseband quadrature-modulated digital signal, and a positive or inverse output level and phase characteristic corresponding to each input level of the high power amplifier 13.
- a compensation table 16 storing characteristic distortion data, a distortion compensating section 17 for multiplying or dividing a baseband quadrature-modulated digital signal and distortion data in the compensation table 16 in accordance with a switching control signal and outputting the result, and a distortion compensating section 17
- a second amplitude calculating unit 18 for calculating the amplitude after distortion compensation from the output signal of the second.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the compensation table 16 used in the first embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of positive characteristic data stored in the compensation table 16 of FIG. 2 in a graph. is there.
- the compensation table 16 corresponds to an example of compensation data storage means, and stores output level and phase distortion data corresponding to each input level of the high power amplifier 13.
- the compensation table 16 uses the amplitude of the quadrature modulated digital signal calculated by the amplitude calculator 15 as an index, distortion data expressing the nonlinear distortion characteristics of the high power amplifier 13 can be obtained.
- the linear modulator 12 includes a quadrature modulator (MOD) 19 that performs quadrature modulation on the output of the distortion compensator 17 to perform frequency conversion to an RF band, and a medium power amplifier that amplifies the output of the quadrature modulator 19. 20.
- the amplitude modulation section 14 is configured to include a power supply driver 21 and enhances the current capacity of the amplitude after distortion compensation output from the amplitude calculation section 18 so that the voltage can be changed with respect to the large power amplifier 13. Supply.
- the transmitting unit 10 includes an I input terminal 31, which is an in-phase component input terminal, a Q input terminal 32, which is a quadrature component input terminal, and a power supply for inputting a switching control signal for controlling the operation of the distortion compensating unit 17.
- the control unit 30 is connected to these terminals, outputs a transmission modulation signal, outputs various control signals, and controls the wireless communication operation.
- a quadrature modulated digital signal of a baseband band to be transmitted is provided.
- the in-phase envelope component (I signal) is input to the I input terminal 31, and the quadrature envelope component (Q signal) is input to the Q input terminal 32.
- the first amplitude calculator 15 calculates the amplitude of the quadrature-modulated digital signal from the I signal and the Q signal. The output of the first amplitude calculator 15 becomes an index of the compensation table 16.
- the distortion compensator 17 multiplies or divides the quadrature-modulated digital signal by the distortion data output from the compensation table 16 in accordance with the instruction of the switching control signal input from the multiplication Z division switching terminal 32.
- the output of the distortion compensator 17 is input to the quadrature modulator 19 and the second amplitude calculator 18.
- the second amplitude calculator 18 calculates the amplitude of the quadrature modulated digital signal after distortion compensation in the distortion compensator 17, and outputs the amplitude output to the amplitude modulator 14.
- the quadrature modulator 19 is equivalent to an example of a quadrature modulation means.
- the quadrature modulator 19 modulates a high-frequency signal supplied from a local oscillator by a distortion-compensated I and Q signals input from the distortion compensator 17 to a quadrature modulator. By doing so, I and Q signal powers generate and output high-frequency signals in the phase-modulated RF band.
- the medium power amplifier 20 corresponds to an example of a variable gain amplifier, and amplifies the output signal of the quadrature modulator 19 with a predetermined gain according to the level of the gain control signal input from the gain control terminal.
- the output of the middle power amplifier 20 becomes the output of the linear modulator 12 and is input to the high power amplifier 13 as a modulation signal for transmission.
- the large power amplifier 13 is equivalent to an example of a power amplifying unit. For example, as shown in the figure, the power of a plurality of stages of amplifying circuits is increased, and the output is controlled according to the input level of the power supply terminal 22 serving as an output control input terminal. Is a controlled power amplifier.
- the high power amplifier 13 performs power amplification by linearly amplifying the transmission modulation signal output from the linear modulator 12 in a linear mode or amplitude-modulating (polar coordinate modulation) in a saturation mode, and outputs the amplified signal as a transmission signal. Output from terminal 34.
- the input level of the large power amplifier 13 is kept in the saturation operation region, and the amplitude component of the modulation signal output from the second amplitude calculation unit 18 is supplied to the power supply driver 21 by the power supply driver 21.
- the power supply driver 21 By increasing the capacity, supplying power to the high power amplifier 13, and applying amplitude modulation to the voltage of the power supply terminal 22 of the high power amplifier 13, highly efficient polar coordinate modulation is performed.
- the output level of the medium power amplifier 20, ie, the input level of the large power amplifier 13, is controlled by a gain control signal input from the gain control terminal 34.
- Transmission power control is performed by maintaining the gain in a linear operation region and varying the gain control signal to the medium power amplifier 20 or the power supply voltage of the large power amplifier 13.
- the switching control signal input from the control unit 30 to the multiplication Z division switching terminal 33 is set to the multiplication, and the distortion compensation unit is set.
- the baseband quadrature-modulated digital signal input from the I input terminal 31 and the Q input terminal 32 is multiplied by the distortion data output from the compensation table 16.
- the output of the amplitude modulation unit 14 is fixed, and the switching control signal input to the multiplication / Z division switching terminal 33 is set to division.
- the distortion compensator 17 divides the baseband quadrature modulated digital signal input from the I input terminal 31 and the Q input terminal 32 by the distortion data output from the compensation table 16. As a result, the inverse distortion characteristic of the high power amplifier 13 is added, the nonlinear distortion of the high power amplifier 13 is compensated, and the power amplification efficiency can be increased.
- the switching between the saturation mode and the linear mode is performed when the transmission output power is lower than a predetermined value, for example, when the output is smaller than the maximum transmission power.
- the high power amplifier 13 is operated in the saturation mode, that is, in the polar coordinate modulation system when the transmission output power is a high output equal to or higher than a predetermined value, for example, when the transmission output power is used near the maximum transmission power.
- the gain control of the large power amplifier 13 may be performed at the power input level or may be changed at the power gate or base bias input level.
- the quadrature modulation to the RF band is performed by the quadrature modulator, the direct modulator or the indirect PLL modulator or the ⁇ ⁇ modulator used in the constant amplitude modulation system such as the GSM system of European mobile phones is used. It doesn't matter if you use phase modulation means like a vessel!
- the input baseband quadrature modulated digital signal is And the distortion data of the high power amplifier 13
- the same nonlinear distortion as when the amplifier 13 is used in the linear mode is added, and the peak factor of the modulated signal is compressed.
- the input baseband quadrature modulation digital signal is divided by the distortion data of the high power amplifier 13 to obtain a high power amplifier 13.
- the inverse distortion characteristic of the amplifier 13 is added to perform nonlinear distortion compensation. As a result, it is possible to switch the nonlinear distortion compensation using the highly efficient polar modulation method and the simple predistortion method.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the transmitting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the transmission unit 40 of the second embodiment is partially different from the configuration of the first embodiment, and is obtained by changing the configuration of the compensation calculation unit 41.
- the compensation calculation unit 41 includes, instead of the compensation table 16 of the first embodiment, a compensation table 42 in which distortion data of normal characteristics and inverse characteristics are stored as a plurality of distortion data. 42 is provided with a forward / reverse characteristic switching terminal 43 for inputting a switching control signal. The distortion data output from the compensation table 42 is switched by the switching control signal input from the forward / reverse characteristic switching terminal 43, and the distortion is compensated only by the multiplication function.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the compensation table 42 used in the second embodiment
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are graphs showing an example of data stored in the compensation table 42 of FIG.
- (A) is a normal characteristic
- (B) is a reverse characteristic
- the compensation table 42 corresponds to an example of the compensation data storage means, and stores the positive characteristic data and the inverse characteristic data of the output level and phase distortion data corresponding to each input level of the high power amplifier 13.
- RU Selects the normal characteristic data or the inverse characteristic data according to the switching control signal input from the forward / reverse characteristic switching terminal 43, and refers to the compensation table 42 as an index using the amplitude of the quadrature modulated digital signal calculated by the amplitude calculator 15 as an index. By doing so, distortion data for compensating for nonlinear distortion in the high power amplifier 13 can be obtained.
- the switching control signal input from the control unit 30 to the positive-Z reverse characteristic switching terminal 43 is set to the positive characteristic.
- the distortion compensator 17 multiplies the baseband quadrature-modulated digital signal input from the I input terminal 31 and the Q input terminal 32 by the distortion data having positive characteristics output from the compensation table 42.
- the distortion compensating unit 17 multiplies the baseband quadrature-modulated digital signal input from the I input terminal 31 and the Q input terminal 32 by the distortion data having the inverse characteristic output from the compensation table 42.
- the reverse distortion characteristic of the high power amplifier 13 is added, the nonlinear distortion of the high power amplifier 13 is compensated, and the power amplification efficiency can be increased.
- the positive characteristic data of the compensation table 42 is not limited to the distortion characteristic of the high power amplifier 13, and it is possible to use the distortion characteristic of an arbitrary amplifier.
- the gain control of the high power amplifier is performed at the power supply input level, but may be changed at the gate or base bias input level.
- the quadrature modulation to the RF band is performed by the orthogonal modulator, it is used in the constant amplitude modulation system such as the GSM system of the European mobile phone, and the direct modulator or the indirect PLL modulator or the ⁇ modulation is used. It doesn't matter if it's a phase modulation means like a vessel!
- the distortion compensator when switching between the addition of the nonlinear distortion in the saturation mode and the load of the inverse distortion characteristic in the linear mode, the multiplication and the division of the distortion data are performed by switching.
- the distortion compensator can be configured with only the multiplication function by switching the distortion data between the normal characteristic and the inverse characteristic prepared in advance. Therefore, since the division function can be omitted in the distortion compensating section, the processing load of the distortion compensating section can be reduced in addition to the effect of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the transmitting apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the transmission unit 50 of the third embodiment is partially different from the configuration of the first embodiment, and has a configuration in which a compensation calculation unit 51 that performs distortion compensation on the amplitude component is provided.
- Compensation calculation section 51 is output from amplitude calculation section 15 for calculating the amplitude of the baseband quadrature-modulated digital signal, distortion table 52 storing the distortion data of the amplitude component, and amplitude calculation section 15. It has a distortion adding unit 53 that adds the distortion data from the distortion table 52 to the amplitude and supplies it to the amplitude modulation unit 14.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a distortion table 52 used in the third embodiment
- FIG. 9 is a characteristic diagram showing a graph of an example of data stored in the distortion table 52 of FIG.
- the distortion table 52 corresponds to an example of compensation data storage means, and stores distortion data of an output level corresponding to each input level of the high power amplifier 13 as distortion data of an amplitude component.
- Distortion adding section 53 multiplies the amplitude of the baseband quadrature modulated digital signal output from amplitude calculating section 15 by the amplitude distortion data output from distortion table 52, and adds nonlinear distortion to the amplitude component of the input signal. I do.
- the amplitude calculating unit 15 when operating the high power amplifier 13 in the saturation mode, the amplitude calculating unit 15 outputs the baseband quadrature modulated digital signals input from the I input terminal 31 and the Q input terminal 32. The amplitude of the signal is calculated, and the distortion adding section 53 multiplies the calculated amplitude signal by the distortion data output from the distortion table 52.
- the same nonlinear distortion as when the large power amplifier 13 is used in the linear mode is added, and peak modulation of the modulation signal is performed, thereby increasing the efficiency of polar modulation and increasing the power amplification efficiency. Can be improved.
- the output of the amplitude modulation section 14 is fixed, and the baseband orthogonal modulation digital signal input from the I input terminal 31 and the Q input terminal 32 is input.
- the signal is directly input to the quadrature modulator 19 of the linear modulator 12. Then, the output of the linear modulator 12 is linearly amplified in the high power amplifier 13.
- the gain control of the large power amplifier 13 may be performed at the power supply input level, and may be changed at the power gate or base bias input level. Also, to the RF band Although the quadrature modulation is performed by the quadrature modulator, the phase modulation such as the direct modulator or the indirect PLL modulator and the ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ modulator used in the constant amplitude modulation system such as the GSM system of the European mobile phone is used. It doesn't even have to be a modulation means!
- the distortion data when nonlinear distortion is added in the saturation mode, the distortion data is added to the amplitude component of the input modulation signal supplied as a power supply to the high power amplifier 13 so that the distortion is added. Compensation can be performed. By providing only amplitude data as distortion data for distortion compensation in this way, the size of the distortion table can be reduced. Further, by not performing distortion compensation in the linear mode, the circuit configuration can be simplified as compared with the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a transmitting apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the transmission unit 60 of the fourth embodiment is partially different from the configuration of the first embodiment in that a medium power amplifier 61 is provided to apply nonlinear distortion in an analog manner.
- the transmitting section 60 includes a medium power amplifier 61 between the quadrature modulator 19 and the medium power amplifier 20, and the medium power amplifier 61 is provided with a distortion control terminal 63 for inputting a distortion control signal. . Further, an output terminal of the medium power amplifier 61 is connected to an amplitude detection unit 62, and the output of the amplitude detection unit 62 is supplied to the amplitude modulation unit 14.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
- the medium power amplifier 61 is configured such that the gain is variable by the distortion control signal input from the distortion control terminal 63, and the output of the quadrature modulator 19 without using a compensation table is analog-like within a range that satisfies the wireless standard.
- the gain is adjusted so as to distort the amplitude and the amplitude is amplified.
- the amplitude detector 62 detects the amplitude of the output signal of the middle power amplifier 61, and outputs the detected amplitude component to the amplitude modulator 14.
- the gain of the middle power amplifier 20 is adjusted by the gain control signal input from the gain control terminal 34, so that the high power amplifier 13
- the output level is readjusted in the middle power amplifier 20 so that the input level of the output becomes appropriate.
- the gain control of the large power amplifier 13 may be performed at the power supply input level, and may be changed at the power gate or base bias input level. Also, to the RF band Although the quadrature modulation is performed by the quadrature modulator, the phase modulation such as the direct modulator or the indirect PLL modulator and the ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ modulator used in the constant amplitude modulation system such as the GSM system of the European mobile phone is used. It doesn't even have to be a modulation means!
- the fourth embodiment it is possible to perform distortion compensation by applying nonlinear distortion in an analog manner by the medium power amplifier 61.
- a compensation table becomes unnecessary, and the circuit configuration can be further simplified than in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the transmitting apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the transmission unit 200 of the fifth embodiment is partially different from the configuration of the first embodiment, and is a modification of the configuration of the compensation calculation unit 41.
- the compensation calculation unit 201 includes a polar coordinate conversion unit 205, a distortion table (LUT1) 206, a distortion addition unit 207, a compensation table (LUT2, LUT3) 209, a distortion compensation unit 208, a first selection unit 212, and a second It comprises a selection unit 211 and a rectangular coordinate conversion unit 210.
- a polar coordinate conversion unit 205 a distortion table (LUT1) 206, a distortion addition unit 207, a compensation table (LUT2, LUT3) 209, a distortion compensation unit 208, a first selection unit 212, and a second It comprises a selection unit 211 and a rectangular coordinate conversion unit 210.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- Polar coordinate conversion section 205 performs polar coordinate conversion of baseband quadrature-modulated digital signals 10 and Q0, and converts them into amplitude signal R0 and phase signal P0.
- the distortion table 206 stores output characteristic and phase positive characteristic distortion data corresponding to each input level of the high power amplifier 13.
- the distortion adding section 207 uses the amplitude signal R0 as a parameter and adds distortion to the amplitude signal R0 and the phase signal P0 according to the contents of the distortion table 206.
- the compensation table 209 includes output characteristic and phase inverse characteristic distortion data corresponding to each input level of the high power amplifier 13, and output level and phase inverse characteristic corresponding to the power terminal input level of the high power amplifier 13. Two of the data are stored, and either data is selected by the operation mode switching signal from the mode switching terminal 202.
- the distortion compensator 208 uses the amplitude signal R1 as a parameter and performs distortion compensation on the amplitude signal Rl and the phase signal PI according to the selected contents of the compensation table 209.
- the first selection unit 212 selects one of the output CO of the first fixed value output terminal 203 and the amplitude output R2 of the distortion compensation unit 208 according to the operation mode switching signal from the mode switching terminal 202. Then, it performs DA conversion and outputs it as an analog voltage.
- the second selection unit 211 determines the output C1 of the second fixed value output terminal 204, the amplitude output R1 of the distortion addition unit 207, and the amplitude output R2 of the distortion compensation unit 208 according to the operation mode switching signal from the mode switching terminal 202. Select one of them.
- the orthogonal coordinate converter 210 converts the amplitude output R3 of the second selector 211 and the phase output P2 of the distortion compensator 208 into an in-phase component and a quadrature component, and performs DA conversion to obtain analog voltages II and Q1. Output.
- the configuration example of the distortion table 206 is the same as that of FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the positive characteristic data stored in a graph.
- the configuration examples of the two tables included in the compensation table 209 are the same as those in the case of the inverse characteristic in FIG. 5, and FIG. 6B is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the inverse characteristic data stored in a graph. .
- the distortion adding means and the distortion compensating means are independently provided, so that the distortion adding means compresses the peak factor of the modulation signal, and at the same time, performs non-linear distortion by polar modulation or a simple predistortion method. Compensation can be performed, and the power amplification efficiency can be further increased as compared with the case of the first to fourth embodiments.
- the output C 1 of the second fixed value output terminal 204 is selected and input to the orthogonal coordinate conversion unit 210. I do.
- the operating frequency upper limit of the internal DA conversion rises, but the polar component operation approaches the ideal state by removing the amplitude component, and it is possible to meet the strict modulation spectrum specification of 60 dBc or more with 600 KHz detuning.
- the amplitude output R1 of the distortion adding section 207 may be selected even when used in cellular communication, as a matter of course.
- the transmitting apparatus includes various types of cellular telephone apparatuses such as the GSM scheme and the W-CDMA scheme, other wireless terminal apparatuses, wireless base station apparatuses, and IEEE802. 02. It can be applied to the transmitter of various wireless communication devices such as wireless communication devices for various WLANs such as llaZbZg method.
- the present invention has an effect of providing a transmission unit capable of performing polar coordinate modulation with high efficiency while maintaining good distortion characteristics, and a transmission device capable of amplifying transmission power using polar modulation. It is useful for a wireless communication device or the like using this transmission device.
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
- Transmitters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
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US10/598,434 US7496334B2 (en) | 2004-03-01 | 2005-02-25 | Transmitter apparatus and wireless communication apparatus |
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JP2004-055913 | 2004-03-01 | ||
JP2004055913 | 2004-03-01 | ||
JP2004-365578 | 2004-12-17 | ||
JP2004365578A JP4199185B2 (ja) | 2004-03-01 | 2004-12-17 | 送信装置及び無線通信装置 |
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JP (1) | JP4199185B2 (ja) |
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US7496334B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 |
JP2005286995A (ja) | 2005-10-13 |
US20070147541A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
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