WO2005040562A1 - Valve train of an internal combustion engine comprising at least one camshaft - Google Patents

Valve train of an internal combustion engine comprising at least one camshaft Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005040562A1
WO2005040562A1 PCT/EP2004/011697 EP2004011697W WO2005040562A1 WO 2005040562 A1 WO2005040562 A1 WO 2005040562A1 EP 2004011697 W EP2004011697 W EP 2004011697W WO 2005040562 A1 WO2005040562 A1 WO 2005040562A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cam
piece
valve train
stroke
tracks
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/011697
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stefan Dengler
Original Assignee
Audi Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi Ag filed Critical Audi Ag
Priority to EP04790533.6A priority Critical patent/EP1680577B1/en
Priority to US10/577,048 priority patent/US7762225B2/en
Publication of WO2005040562A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005040562A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/08—Shape of cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F01L1/267—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder with means for varying the timing or the lift of the valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/34413—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using composite camshafts, e.g. with cams being able to move relative to the camshaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the valve train of an internal combustion engine with at least one camshaft according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • mechanical devices which influence the working cycle of the valve train and enable, for example, a speed-dependent change in the opening times or the stroke of the gas exchange valves.
  • Such a device is known from the publication DE 42 30 877, in which a cam piece is arranged in a rotationally fixed and axially displaceable manner on a basic camshaft.
  • the cam piece consists of a tubular support on which at least one cam is arranged, in which several different cam tracks emerge axially offset from a common base circle. Due to the axial displacement of the cam piece on the basic camshaft, a gas exchange valve is actuated by the differently shaped cam raceways, the cam raceways being able to differ in the stroke contour and / or in the phase position.
  • An advantageous device for the axial displacement of a cam piece is known from the document EP 0 798 451, according to which a worm drive is formed on both sides of the cam piece, which has a cam track as a recess, in which an actuator can engage for the axial displacement of the cam piece.
  • Cams are arranged, the two cams each having two cam tracks.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a cam drive valve assembly of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim, in which the cam member is further developed so that further functions can be represented by the valve train. This object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1, according to which the first cam and the at least second cam of a cam piece differ from one another in at least one cam track.
  • the filling of a combustion chamber can be significantly influenced. For example, a tumble flow can be created.
  • the cam tracks of the first cam and the at least second cam of a cam piece differ from one another in the stroke contour and / or in the phase position.
  • the stroke contour of a cam determines the start of the opening of the gas exchange valve, the course of the opening of the gas exchange valve, the maximum lift height of the gas exchange valve, the course of the closing of the gas exchange valve and the closing of the gas exchange valve.
  • the phase position determines the camshaft rotation angle at which the maximum stroke height of the stroke contour is positioned. For a given stroke contour, the camshaft rotation angles at which the gas exchange valve opens and closes are also defined.
  • the cam raceways of a cam can differ so far that the maximum stroke of the stroke contour of one cam raceway is formed outside the stroke contour of the other cam raceway of the cam.
  • the gas exchange processes in the combustion chambers of the cylinders can be influenced in many ways by the valve train of an internal combustion engine according to the invention, in which the cams of a cam piece have different cam tracks.
  • valve train according to the invention of an internal combustion engine is illustrated and explained below using an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with two figures.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cam piece having two cams, each with two cam tracks
  • Figure 2 shows the four different cam contours of the two cams of the cam piece.
  • a six-cylinder internal combustion engine with two overhead camshafts for driving a motor vehicle is equipped with a device for adjusting the stroke and the opening times of the intake-side gas exchange valves.
  • the device consists of six cam packs, which are arranged in a rotationally fixed and axially displaceable manner on the camshaft which actuates the gas exchange valves on the inlet side.
  • Each cam package is assigned to exactly one cylinder, with each cylinder of the internal combustion engine having two gas exchange valves on the inlet side.
  • two cams are formed on the cam piece, each cam actuating an inlet-side gas exchange valve.
  • a worm gear is formed on both sides of the cam pieces, in which a cam track is formed as a depression.
  • the cam tracks of the two worm drives of a cam piece are mirror images of each other, which causes the cam piece to move axially in both directions.
  • the cam pieces are axially displaced by actuators arranged radially to the camshaft, which are designed as electromagnetic valves and each consist of an actuating pin and two electromagnets.
  • the actuators are firmly connected to the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine.
  • the actuating pin can be extended and retracted by the electromagnets.
  • the actuating pin engages in the recess of a worm drive forming the cam track, the cam piece being axially displaced by the rotation of the camshaft during operation of the internal combustion engine. That enables the torsional strength with simultaneous axial displaceability
  • Connection between the camshaft and the cam piece consists of a toothing which is formed on the camshaft as an external toothing and in the cam piece as an internal toothing.
  • the toothing is designed as a plurality of teeth.
  • the two cams of a cam piece each have two cam tracks, a cam track for a small lifting height of the gas exchange valve and a cam track for a large lifting height of the gas exchange valve.
  • the cam track with the small stroke height is switched at engine speeds below 2500 revolutions per minute
  • the cam track with the large stroke height is switched at engine speeds above 2500 revolutions per minute.
  • FIG. 1 shows a representation of the cam piece 1 having a first cam 4 and a second cam 5, both cams 4, 5 each having two cam tracks 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2.
  • a worm drive 2, 3 is formed on each of the two end faces of the cam piece 1.
  • the worm drives 2, 3 each have a cam track 2.1, 3.1, in which the actuators engage to move the cam piece 1.
  • the two cam tracks 4.1, 5.1, which have the small lifting height, and also the two cam tracks 4.2, 5.2, which have the large lifting height, are not completely worked out in the same way.
  • FIG. 2 shows the four different stroke contours of the two cams 4, 5 of the cam piece, each having two cam tracks 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2 1.
  • the two cam tracks 4.1 having the small cam lift
  • the cam track 5.1 has a stroke contour through which the gas exchange valve is opened at an earlier camshaft rotation angle.
  • the maximum cam stroke of the cam track 5.1 is slightly higher than the cam stroke of the cam track 4.1.
  • the closing of the gas exchange valve takes place slightly earlier in the cam track 5.1 than in the cam track 4.1.
  • the cam track 5.2 has a stroke contour through which the gas exchange valve is opened at an earlier camshaft rotation angle.
  • the maximum cam stroke of the cam track 4.2 is slightly smaller than the cam stroke of the cam track 5.2.
  • the closing of the gas exchange valve takes place slightly earlier in the cam track 4.2 than in the cam track 5.2.
  • the cam tracks of one cam can be designed so differently that the maximum stroke of the stroke contour of one cam track is formed outside the stroke contour of the other cam track.
  • the thermodynamic advantages of the axially displaceable cam pieces can be further optimized by the valve train according to the invention of the internal combustion engine with four cam pieces having different cam tracks. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to valve train of an internal combustion engine, which comprises axially displaceable cam elements. The inventive valve train is characterized in that one cam element comprises at least two cams which in turn comprise at least two cam tracks. The first cam and the at least second cam of a cam element differ in at least one cam track.

Description

Ventiltrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine mit mindestens einer Nockenwelle Valve train of an internal combustion engine with at least one camshaft
Die Erfindung betrifft den Ventiltrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine mit mindestens einer Nockenwelle gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1. Zur Verbesserung der thermodynamischen Eigenschaften von Brennkraftmaschinen sind mechanische Vorrichtungen bekannt, die das Arbeitsspiel des Ventiltriebes beeinflussen und beispielsweise eine drehzahlabhängige Veränderung der Öffnungszeiten oder des Hubes der Gaswechselventile ermöglichen. Aus der Druckschrift DE 42 30 877 ist eine derartige Vorrichtung bekannt, bei der ein Nockenstück drehfest und axial verschiebbar auf einer Grundnockenwelle angeordnet ist. Das Nockenstück besteht dabei aus einem rohrförmigen Träger, auf dem mindestens ein Nocken angeordnet ist, bei dem aus einem gemeinsamen Grundkreis axial versetzt mehrere unterschiedliche Nockenlauf- bahnen hervorgehen. Durch das axiale Verschieben des Nockenstückes auf der Grundnockenwelle wird ein Gaswechselventil durch die unterschiedlich geformten Nockenlaufbahnen betätigt, wobei sich die Nockenlaufbahnen in der Hubkontur und/oder in der Phasenlage unterscheiden können.The invention relates to the valve train of an internal combustion engine with at least one camshaft according to the preamble of claim 1. To improve the thermodynamic properties of internal combustion engines, mechanical devices are known which influence the working cycle of the valve train and enable, for example, a speed-dependent change in the opening times or the stroke of the gas exchange valves. Such a device is known from the publication DE 42 30 877, in which a cam piece is arranged in a rotationally fixed and axially displaceable manner on a basic camshaft. The cam piece consists of a tubular support on which at least one cam is arranged, in which several different cam tracks emerge axially offset from a common base circle. Due to the axial displacement of the cam piece on the basic camshaft, a gas exchange valve is actuated by the differently shaped cam raceways, the cam raceways being able to differ in the stroke contour and / or in the phase position.
Eine vorteilhafte Vorrichtung zum axialen Verschieben eines Nockenstückes ist aus der Druckschrift EP 0 798 451 bekannt, wonach zu beiden Seiten des Nockenstückes ein Schneckentrieb ausgebildet ist, der als Vertiefung eine Kurvenbahn aufweist, in die zum axialen Verschieben des Nockenstückes ein Stellglied eingreifen kann.An advantageous device for the axial displacement of a cam piece is known from the document EP 0 798 451, according to which a worm drive is formed on both sides of the cam piece, which has a cam track as a recess, in which an actuator can engage for the axial displacement of the cam piece.
In der Druckschrift DE 101 48 243 ist ein Nockenstück beschrieben, auf dem zum Betätigen zweier einlassseitigen Gaswechselventile eines Zylinders zweiIn document DE 101 48 243 a cam piece is described, on which two actuating gas exchange valves of a cylinder are actuated
Nocken angeordnet sind, wobei die zwei Nocken jeweils zwei Kurvenbahnen aufweisen. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde einen Nockenstücke aufweisenden Ventiltrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches anzugeben, bei dem das Nockenstück weiter entwickelt ist, so dass durch den Ventiltrieb weitere Funktionen dargestellt werden können. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale in den Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst, wonach sich der erste Nocken und der mindestens zweite Nocken eines Nockenstückes in mindestens einer Nockenlaufbahn voneinander unterscheiden.Cams are arranged, the two cams each having two cam tracks. The invention has for its object to provide a cam drive valve assembly of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim, in which the cam member is further developed so that further functions can be represented by the valve train. This object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1, according to which the first cam and the at least second cam of a cam piece differ from one another in at least one cam track.
Durch sich unterscheidende Nockenlaufbahnen, durch welche beispielsweise die einlassseitigen Gaswechselventile eines Zylinders zu unterschiedlichenBy different cam tracks, for example, by which the intake-side gas exchange valves of a cylinder differ
Zeitpunkten betätigt werden, kann das Füllen eines Brennraumes wesentlich beeinflusst werden. Beispielsweise kann die Entstehung eine Tumble - Strömung herbeigeführt werden.When the points in time are actuated, the filling of a combustion chamber can be significantly influenced. For example, a tumble flow can be created.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass sich der erste Nocken und der mindestens zweite Nocken eines Nockenstückes in allenIn an advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the first cam and the at least second cam of a cam piece are in all
Nockenlaufbahnen voneinander unterscheiden.Distinguish cam tracks from each other.
Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass sich die Nockenlaufbahnen des ersten Nockens und des mindestens zweiten Nockens eines Nockenstücks in der Hubkontur und/oder in der Phasenlage voneinander unterscheiden. Durch die Hubkontur eines Nockens wird der Beginn des Öffnens des Gaswechselventils, der Verlauf des Öffnens des Gaswechselventils, die maximale Hubhöhe des Gaswechselventils, der Verlauf des Schließens des Gaswechselventils und das Schließen des Gaswechselventils bestimmt.It is provided that the cam tracks of the first cam and the at least second cam of a cam piece differ from one another in the stroke contour and / or in the phase position. The stroke contour of a cam determines the start of the opening of the gas exchange valve, the course of the opening of the gas exchange valve, the maximum lift height of the gas exchange valve, the course of the closing of the gas exchange valve and the closing of the gas exchange valve.
Durch die Phasenlage wird festgelegt, bei welchem Nockenwellendrehwinkel die maximale Hubhöhe der Hubkontur positioniert ist. Bei gegebener Hubkontur sind damit auch die Nockenwellendrehwinkel festgelegt, bei den das Gaswechselventil öffnet und schließt.The phase position determines the camshaft rotation angle at which the maximum stroke height of the stroke contour is positioned. For a given stroke contour, the camshaft rotation angles at which the gas exchange valve opens and closes are also defined.
Die Nockenlaufbahnen eines Nockens können sich dabei soweit unterscheiden, dass der maximale Hub der Hubkontur einer einen Nockenlaufbahn außerhalb der Hubkontur der anderen Nockenlaufbahn des Nockens ausgebildet ist. Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Ventiltrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine, bei dem die Nocken eines Nockenstückes unterschiedliche Nockenlaufbahnen aufweisen, können die Gaswechselvorgänge in den Brennräumen der Zylinder auf vielfache Weise beeinflusst werden.The cam raceways of a cam can differ so far that the maximum stroke of the stroke contour of one cam raceway is formed outside the stroke contour of the other cam raceway of the cam. The gas exchange processes in the combustion chambers of the cylinders can be influenced in many ways by the valve train of an internal combustion engine according to the invention, in which the cams of a cam piece have different cam tracks.
Im folgenden ist ein erfindungsgemäßer Ventiltrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine anhand von einem Ausführungsbeispiel im Zusammenhang mit zwei Figuren dargestellt und erläutert.A valve train according to the invention of an internal combustion engine is illustrated and explained below using an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with two figures.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Figur 1 die Darstellung eines zwei Nocken mit jeweils zwei Nockenlaufbahnen aufweisenden Nockenstücks,FIG. 1 shows a cam piece having two cams, each with two cam tracks,
Figur 2 die Darstellung der vier unterschiedlichen Nockenkonturen der zwei Nocken des Nockenstücks.Figure 2 shows the four different cam contours of the two cams of the cam piece.
Eine sechszylindrige Brennkraftmaschine mit zwei obenliegenden Nockenwellen zum Antrieb eines Kraftfahrzeuges ist mit einer Vorrichtung zum Verstellen des Hubes und der Öffnungszeiten der einlassseitigen Gaswechselventile aus- gestattet. Die Vorrichtung besteht aus sechs Nockenpakten, die drehfest und axial verschiebbar auf der die einlassseitigen Gaswechselventile betätigenden Nockenwelle angeordnet sind. Dabei ist jedes Nockenpaket genau einem Zylinder zugeordnet, wobei jeder Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine einlassseitig zwei Gaswechselventile aufweist. Entsprechend sind auf dem Nockenstück zwei Nocken ausgebildet, wobei jeder Nocken ein einlassseitiges Gaswechselventil betätigt.A six-cylinder internal combustion engine with two overhead camshafts for driving a motor vehicle is equipped with a device for adjusting the stroke and the opening times of the intake-side gas exchange valves. The device consists of six cam packs, which are arranged in a rotationally fixed and axially displaceable manner on the camshaft which actuates the gas exchange valves on the inlet side. Each cam package is assigned to exactly one cylinder, with each cylinder of the internal combustion engine having two gas exchange valves on the inlet side. Correspondingly, two cams are formed on the cam piece, each cam actuating an inlet-side gas exchange valve.
Zum axialen Verschieben ist an beiden Seiten der Nockenstücke jeweils ein Schneckentrieb ausgebildet, in dem als Vertiefung eine Kurvenbahn ausgebildet ist. Die Kurvenbahnen der zwei Schneckentriebe eines Nockenstückes sind dabei zueinander spiegelbildlich ausgebildet, wodurch das axiale Verschieben des Nockenstückes in beide Richtung bewirkt wird. Das axiale Verschieben der Nockenstücke erfolgt durch radial zur Nockenwelle angeordnete Stellglieder, die als elektromagnetische Ventile ausgebildet sind, und die jeweils aus einem Betätigungsstift und aus zwei Elektromagneten bestehen. Die Stellglieder sind fest mit dem Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine verbunden. Durch die Elektromagneten kann der Betätigungsstift ausgefahren und zurückgezogen werden. Im ausgefahrenen Zustand greift der Betätigungsstift in die die Kurvenbahn bildende Vertiefung eines Schneckentriebes, wobei das Nockenstück durch die Drehung der Nockenwelle beim Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine axial verschoben wird. Die die Drehfestigkeit bei gleichzeitiger axialer Verschiebbarkeit ermöglichendeFor axial displacement, a worm gear is formed on both sides of the cam pieces, in which a cam track is formed as a depression. The cam tracks of the two worm drives of a cam piece are mirror images of each other, which causes the cam piece to move axially in both directions. The cam pieces are axially displaced by actuators arranged radially to the camshaft, which are designed as electromagnetic valves and each consist of an actuating pin and two electromagnets. The actuators are firmly connected to the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine. The actuating pin can be extended and retracted by the electromagnets. In the extended state, the actuating pin engages in the recess of a worm drive forming the cam track, the cam piece being axially displaced by the rotation of the camshaft during operation of the internal combustion engine. That enables the torsional strength with simultaneous axial displaceability
Verbindung zwischen der Nockenwelle und dem Nockenstück besteht in einer Verzahnung, die auf der Nockenwelle als Außenverzahnung und in dem Nockenstück als Innenverzahnung ausgebildet ist. Die Verzahnung ist dabei als Vielzahlverzahnung ausgebildet. Die zwei Nocken eines Nockenstückes weisen jeweils zwei Nockenlaufbahnen auf, eine Nockenlaufbahn für eine kleine Hubhöhe des Gaswechselventils und eine Nockenlaufbahn für eine große Hubhöhe des Gaswechselventils. Die Nockenlaufbahn mit der kleinen Hubhöhe wird bei Motordrehzahlen unterhalb 2500 Umdrehungen pro Minute geschaltet, die Nockenlaufbahn mit der große Hubhöhe wird bei Motordrehzahlen oberhalb 2500 Umdrehungen pro Minute geschaltet.Connection between the camshaft and the cam piece consists of a toothing which is formed on the camshaft as an external toothing and in the cam piece as an internal toothing. The toothing is designed as a plurality of teeth. The two cams of a cam piece each have two cam tracks, a cam track for a small lifting height of the gas exchange valve and a cam track for a large lifting height of the gas exchange valve. The cam track with the small stroke height is switched at engine speeds below 2500 revolutions per minute, the cam track with the large stroke height is switched at engine speeds above 2500 revolutions per minute.
Die Figur 1 zeigt eine Darstellung des einen ersten Nocken 4 und einen zweiten Nocken 5 aufweisenden Nockenstücks 1 , wobei beide Nocken 4, 5 jeweils zwei Nockenlaufbahnen 4.1 , 4.2, 5.1 , 5.2 aufweisen. An den beiden Stirnseiten des Nockenstückes 1 ist jeweils ein Schneckentrieb 2, 3 ausgebildet. Die Schneckentriebe 2, 3 weisen jeweils eine Kurvenbahn 2.1 , 3.1 auf, in welche die Stellglieder zum Verschieben des Nockenstückes 1 greifen.FIG. 1 shows a representation of the cam piece 1 having a first cam 4 and a second cam 5, both cams 4, 5 each having two cam tracks 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2. A worm drive 2, 3 is formed on each of the two end faces of the cam piece 1. The worm drives 2, 3 each have a cam track 2.1, 3.1, in which the actuators engage to move the cam piece 1.
Die zwei die kleine Hubhöhe aufweisenden Nockenlaufbahnen 4.1 , 5.1 und auch die zwei die große Hubhöhe aufweisenden Nockenlaufbahnen 4.2, 5.2 sind dabei nicht völlig gleich ausgearbeitet.The two cam tracks 4.1, 5.1, which have the small lifting height, and also the two cam tracks 4.2, 5.2, which have the large lifting height, are not completely worked out in the same way.
Figur 2 zeigt die vier unterschiedlichen Hubkonturen der zwei jeweils zwei Nockenlaufbahnen 4.1 , 4.2, 5.1 , 5.2 aufweisenden Nocken 4, 5 des Nockenstücks 1. Von den zwei den kleinen Nockenhub aufweisenden Nockenlaufbahnen 4.1 ,FIG. 2 shows the four different stroke contours of the two cams 4, 5 of the cam piece, each having two cam tracks 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2 1. Of the two cam tracks 4.1 having the small cam lift,
5.1 weist die Nockenlaufbahn 5.1 eine Hubkontur auf, durch welche das Gaswechselventil bei einem früheren Nockenwellendrehwinkel geöffnet wird. Zudem ist der maximale Nockenhub der Nockenlaufbahn 5.1 geringfügig höher als der Nockenhub der Nockenlaufbahn 4.1. Das Schließen des Gaswechselventils erfolgt bei der Nockenlaufbahn 5.1 geringfügig früher als bei der Nockenlaufbahn 4.1 . Durch diese Ausgestaltung der den kleinen Nockenhub aufweisenden Nockenlaufbahnen 4.1 , 5.1 wird die Entstehung einer den Magerbetrieb unterstützenden Tumble - Strömung stark gefördert. Von den zwei den großen Nockenhub aufweisenden Nockenlaufbahnen 4.2,5.1, the cam track 5.1 has a stroke contour through which the gas exchange valve is opened at an earlier camshaft rotation angle. In addition, the maximum cam stroke of the cam track 5.1 is slightly higher than the cam stroke of the cam track 4.1. The closing of the gas exchange valve takes place slightly earlier in the cam track 5.1 than in the cam track 4.1. This configuration of the cam tracks 4.1, 5.1 having the small cam lift strongly promotes the formation of a tumble flow which supports lean operation. Of the two cam tracks 4.2 with the large cam stroke,
5.2 weist die Nockenlaufbahn 5.2 eine Hubkontur auf, durch welche das Gaswechselventil bei einem früheren Nockenwellendrehwinkel geöffnet wird. Der maximale Nockenhub der Nockenlaufbahn 4.2 ist geringfügig kleiner als der Nockenhub der Nockenlaufbahn 5.2. Das Schließen des Gaswechselventils erfolgt bei der Nockenlaufbahn 4.2 geringfügig früher als bei der Nockenlaufbahn 5.2. Diese Ausgestaltung hat sich bei der Entwicklung als vorteilhaft für das Füllen der Zylinder mit Frischluft bei Motordrehzahlen oberhalb 2500 Umdrehungen pro Minute erwiesen.5.2, the cam track 5.2 has a stroke contour through which the gas exchange valve is opened at an earlier camshaft rotation angle. The maximum cam stroke of the cam track 4.2 is slightly smaller than the cam stroke of the cam track 5.2. The closing of the gas exchange valve takes place slightly earlier in the cam track 4.2 than in the cam track 5.2. During the development, this configuration has proven to be advantageous for filling the cylinders with fresh air at engine speeds above 2500 revolutions per minute.
Bei den in Figur 1 und Figur 2 dargestellten Nocken 4, 5 liegen der maximale Hub der Hubkontur einer Nockenlaufbahn eines Nockens immer innerhalb derIn the cams 4, 5 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the maximum stroke of the stroke contour of a cam track of a cam is always within the
Hubkontor der anderen Nockenlaufbahn. Grundsätzlich können die Nockenlaufbahnen eines Nockens so unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein, dass der maximale Hub der Hubkontur einer Nockenlaufbahn außerhalb der Hubkontur der anderen Nockenlaufbahn ausgebildet ist. Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Ventiltrieb der Brennkraftmaschine mit vier unterschiedliche Nockenlaufbahnen aufweisenden Nockenstücken können die thermodynamischen Vorteile der axial verschiebbaren Nockenstücke weiter optimiert werden. BezugszeichenlisteHubkontor of the other cam track. In principle, the cam tracks of one cam can be designed so differently that the maximum stroke of the stroke contour of one cam track is formed outside the stroke contour of the other cam track. The thermodynamic advantages of the axially displaceable cam pieces can be further optimized by the valve train according to the invention of the internal combustion engine with four cam pieces having different cam tracks. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000008_0001

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Ventiltrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine mit mindestens einer Nockenwelle, auf der mindestens ein drehfest und axial verschiebbares Nockenstück (1) angeordnet ist, wobei auf dem mindestens einem Nockenstück (1) ein erster Nocken (4) und mindestens ein zweiter Nocken (5) angeordnet sind, und wobei auf dem ersten Nocken (4) und auf dem mindestens zweiten Nocken (5) mindestens zwei sich unterscheidende Nockenlaufbahnen (4.1 , 4.2, 5.1 , 5.2) ausgebildet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der erste Nocken (4) und der mindestens zweite Nocken (5) eines Nockenstückes (1) in mindestens einer Nockenlaufbahn (4.1 , 4.2, 5.1 , 5.2) voneinander unterscheiden.1. Valve train of an internal combustion engine with at least one camshaft on which at least one non-rotatable and axially displaceable cam piece (1) is arranged, with a first cam (4) and at least a second cam (5) being arranged on the at least one cam piece (1) , and wherein at least two different cam tracks (4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2) are formed on the first cam (4) and on the at least second cam (5), characterized in that the first cam (4) and the at least one Distinguish second cams (5) of a cam piece (1) from each other in at least one cam track (4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2).
2. Ventiltrieb nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der erste Nocken (4) und der mindestens zweite Nocken (5) eines Nockenstückes (1) in allen Nockenlaufbahnen (4.1 , 4.2, 5.1 , 5.2) voneinander unterschei- den.2. Valve train according to claim 1, characterized in that the first cam (4) and the at least second cam (5) of a cam piece (1) differ from one another in all cam tracks (4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2).
3. Ventiltrieb nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Nockenlaufbahnen (4.1 , 4.2, 5.1 , 5.2) des ersten Nockens (4) und des mindestens zweiten Nockens (5) eines Nockenstücks (1) in der Hubkontur und/oder in der Phasenlage voneinander unterscheiden.3. Valve train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cam tracks (4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2) of the first cam (4) and the at least second cam (5) of a cam piece (1) in the stroke contour and / or differ in phase.
4. Ventiltrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Nockenlaufbahnen (4.1 , 4.2, 5.1 , 5.2) eines Nockens (4, 5) soweit unterscheiden, dass der maximale Hub der Hubkontur der einen Nockenlaufbahn (4.1 , 4.2, 5.1 , 5.2) außerhalb der Hubkontur der anderen Nockenlaufbahn (4.1 , 4.2, 5.1 , 4. Valve train according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cam tracks (4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2) of a cam (4, 5) differ to such an extent that the maximum stroke of the stroke contour of the one cam track (4.1, 4.2 , 5.1, 5.2) outside the stroke contour of the other cam track (4.1, 4.2, 5.1,
5.2) ausgebildet ist. 5.2) is trained.
PCT/EP2004/011697 2003-10-25 2004-10-16 Valve train of an internal combustion engine comprising at least one camshaft WO2005040562A1 (en)

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