WO2005037375A1 - Device and method for forcing a door - Google Patents
Device and method for forcing a door Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005037375A1 WO2005037375A1 PCT/DE2004/002311 DE2004002311W WO2005037375A1 WO 2005037375 A1 WO2005037375 A1 WO 2005037375A1 DE 2004002311 W DE2004002311 W DE 2004002311W WO 2005037375 A1 WO2005037375 A1 WO 2005037375A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- door
- lever pin
- housing
- lever
- pin
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B3/00—Devices or single parts for facilitating escape from buildings or the like, e.g. protection shields, protection screens; Portable devices for preventing smoke penetrating into distinct parts of buildings
- A62B3/005—Rescue tools with forcing action
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a method for the violent opening of a door.
- emergency services such as the police or fire brigade regularly face the task of forcibly opening doors.
- Axes, firearms, explosives, hydraulic-mechanical devices or oxygen lances are used to open doors that can be opened against the direction of walking, while a door that is attached to the inside of the room is simply opened by the force of a ram or a foot pedal can.
- Hydraulic-mechanical devices such as those from EP 0 750 922 Bl or EP 0 271 207 Bl are also rather unsuitable for quick access, since they require considerable assembly effort. In addition, a stay in front of the door should often be avoided for security reasons.
- the invention has for its object to provide a device and a method with which violent door openings can be carried out faster and safer for the user, especially in the situations mentioned.
- a device for forcibly opening a door which is characterized by an expansible lever pin with a torque-fixed bearing with respect to a housing of the device in an outer end position, and a method for the violent opening of a door, in which a lever pin is driven into a door leaf, between a door leaf and a door frame or through a door lock, and in which a door-blasting moment is then applied to this by deflecting a lever handle that is torque-fixed to the lever pin becomes.
- a door is not only understood to mean front doors, but also car doors or windows that can be opened and not opened to the same extent.
- the invention is surprisingly well suited for these as well.
- an inventive idea is based on the knowledge that by specifically applying a moment to the locking device of a door, this can be levered out of the frame.
- the invention uses a lever pin which is specifically driven into a weak point in the door. This is particularly simple and precise with the proposed device, since it only has to be attached to the weak point of the door. An automatic mechanism for driving out the pen can then be used.
- the pin can be imposed from the housing of the device up to a maximum of the outer end position of the pin.
- the lever pin is driven out only up to a torque-proof end position with the housing of the device, the torque required to open the door can be applied via the housing of the device.
- This can in particular have a handle or can even be largely designed as a handy handle surface.
- the lever pin has a symmetrical cross section with a conical, concavely curved or convexly curved tip.
- a conical, concavely curved or convexly curved tip is often advantageous in small devices according to the present invention.
- a housing length of 60 to 100 cm, in particular of about 80 cm, is proposed as a good compromise between the handiness of the device and the lever arm required for levering out very resistant doors.
- T90 doors are easy to open with such a device. The higher energy that can be generated during use also enables doors to be opened easily on the hinge side.
- a convex surface line is often appropriate.
- the purpose of the tip is primarily to press the parts to be pierced apart and, if necessary, to deflect the door.
- the shapes described for the lever pin have proven particularly universal.
- the lever pin preferably has a diameter of 10 to 25 mm, in particular 11.5 to 13.7 mm in the smaller variant of the proposed breaking device and up to 22 mm in the larger variant of the device.
- the lever pin protrude from the housing with an apex in an inner end position. It should be explained that the lever pin can be slidably mounted between an inner end position and an outer end position. The distance between the two end positions then represents the distance by which the lever pin is driven out to the maximum when the device is used.
- the device can be mechanically particularly simple and robust if the lever pin is mounted so that it can be displaced in a straight line between the two end positions and, accordingly, is driven out in a straight line. In this case, a particularly targeted shot in the door can be done simply by the the protruding tip of the lever pin is placed on the weak point of the door and then the expulsion mechanism is activated.
- the device according to the invention has a pressure chamber in the housing for expelling the lever pin by means of excess pressure.
- An overpressure in the pressure chamber can be generated, for example, by igniting a compressed air cartridge.
- Air cartridges are relatively small and extremely lightweight. They can also be replaced quickly.
- a force originally present at the outlet of a pressure supply can be multiplied with simple means by a pneumatic as well as by a hydraulic power transmission by means of suitable effective surface design.
- the device according to the invention has at least two pressure plates connected to one another and to the lever pin in a longitudinal direction of the pressure chamber for accelerating the lever pin when subjected to excess pressure. If an overpressure is suddenly generated in the pressure chamber, a force is exerted on a pressure plate connected to the lever pin and slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the pressure chamber, which force drives the pressure plate - together with the lever pin - along the longitudinal direction of the pressure chamber.
- the housing can have ventilation openings on a side facing the outer end position of the lever pin for low-resistance outflow of air present in the housing when the lever pin is driven out.
- the lever pin must be able to be driven out of the housing at very high speed.
- a dynamic pressure can occur in the housing in front of components that move quickly with the lever pin, which slows down the emergence of the lever pin.
- Jammed air flows out via the proposed ventilation openings with relatively little flow resistance, which largely reduces an otherwise existing braking force.
- the device according to the invention when dimensioned for a user, prefers a mass between 3 and 7 between 3 and 5, in particular of about 4.8 kg.
- the inertia of such a mass is already largely sufficient to drive a lever pin sufficiently firmly into most doors. This leaves only a small residual force, which the user has to apply to the door as a pressing force of the device.
- this also allows the device to be used far away from the user's body and in a posture in which the user can only push the device according to the invention against the door to a small extent.
- the mass can - and should - be significantly higher than in the device for one operator.
- the mass be between 22 and 30 kg, especially 23 to 26 kg.
- the length of the device designed for two people can easily be up to 100 cm, in particular 80 to 90 cm, especially about 80 cm.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically an exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention with an essentially tubular housing
- FIG. 2 shows the device from FIG. 1 attached to a door with normal fittings
- FIG. 3 shows the device and the door from FIG. 2 with the lever pin driven out
- FIG. 4 shows the device and the door from FIGS. 2 and 3 after the door lock has been levered out
- FIG. 5 shows a device according to FIG. 1 attached to a lock body of a further door to be broken open
- FIG. 6 shows the device and the door from FIG. 5 with the lever pin imposed
- FIG. 7 shows the device and the door from FIGS. 5 and 6 after the door lock has been levered out
- FIG. 8 shows the device from FIG. 1 with a lever pin shot into a door with a security fitting
- Figure 9 shows a heavier variant of a breaking device according to the invention.
- FIG. 10 shows the device from FIG. 9 in a front view according to the identification X-X in FIG. 9.
- the device 1 in FIG. 1 essentially consists of the tubular housing 2, a lever pin 3, a drive pin 4 and a triggering device 5 for igniting a gas cartridge 6.
- the device 1 has on its housing 2 an outer diameter of 46 mm and a mass of approximately 4.8 kg.
- the entire device 1 is 540 mm long. It is therefore extremely compact and flexible to use. The dimensioning is aimed at one operator.
- the housing 2 is made of steel and is provided with a corrugated surface on a grip surface 7 which completely covers the tubular housing 2.
- the tubular housing 2 has an inner diameter of 28 mm.
- the trigger mechanism 5 is screwed onto the tubular housing 2 via a threaded sleeve 8.
- a cover plate 9 is screwed onto it, which has a bore 10 in the center with a diameter of 12.2 mm.
- the lever pin 3 and the driving pin 4 are arranged longitudinally offset from one another and each have an outer diameter of 11.9 mm and are firmly connected to one another.
- the two pins have a second pressure plate 11 and a first pressure plate 12, the pressure plates 11, 12 being slidably mounted in the housing 2 along an ejection direction 13 of the lever pin 3.
- the pressure plates are 10 mm thick and have an outer diameter of 27.8 mm.
- the lever pin 3 emerges from the cover plate 9 approximately 5 m from the bore 10 and tapers to a tip 14 over a length of about 20 mm.
- a concave curved tip can also be used with particular suitability.
- the drive pin 4 can preferably be either pinned or screwed as a connection to the lever pin 3. With its rear end 15 facing the gas cartridge 6 - beyond the first pressure plate 12 tapered to a diameter of 9 mm - it projects into a pressure chamber bore 16, to which the gas cartridge 6 can be connected in a pressure-tight manner.
- the gas cartridge 6 has a diameter of 9 mm and serves as a propellant charge for driving out the lever pin 3.
- a guide 24 is provided approximately in the middle of the housing 2, which reduces the effective kink length of the connected pins 3, 4 and prevents kinking under load with a large normal force against the direction of ejection 13.
- the driving pin 4 is at least glassy hard (approx. 58 Rockwell) made of X37CrMoV51 (1.2343).
- the lever pin - following its function as a penetration and bending pin - is preferably made of the same material with at least 51 HRC, particularly preferably additionally vacuum-melted and thus very tough.
- the lever pin 3 must be replaced after each use. For this purpose, it can advantageously be screwed or pinned onto the second pressure plate 11.
- the bearing 24 has numerous small bores (not shown in detail) in order to ensure a gas feedthrough that is as low in pressure loss as possible when expelling the lever pin 3 and the associated movement of the pressure plates 11, 12 by an expansion dimension 25 between the inner and outer end position of the lever pin.
- the lever pin 3 In its outer end position (not shown), the lever pin 3 is connected in a torque-proof manner with respect to the housing 2 via a connection 26 to the second cover plate 11 and thus to the drive pin 4.
- the hardened, pointed dome 14 of the lever pin 3 in the device 1 shown can be driven by a propellant charge into a door leaf, between a door leaf and a frame, or directly through a door lock. The door can then be opened or unlocked via the torque-proof bearing 26.
- the device 1 can also be used to pry open car doors when the dome 14 is driven between the spar and the door body. Normal glass and multi-pane glass can also be pierced with just one approach. The device is very compact and can therefore be used flexibly and unobtrusively.
- the device 1 is attached to the door 40.
- the user of the device 1 can stand in a secured position 41 on a wall 42 next to the door 40, namely on that side of the door on which the lock is located.
- the door opens to a room 43, i.e. against the direction of walking.
- the dome 14 protruding from the housing 2 at the front end of the device 1 is placed on a door leaf 47 approximately 2 cm lower than a square 44 of a door handle 45 and approximately 1 cm laterally next to a front door edge 46.
- the dome 14 of the device 1 When the propellant charge 6 is ignited, the dome 14 of the device 1 is driven approximately 10 cm deep between the door frame 48 and the door leaf 47 (compare in particular FIG. 3).
- the lever pin 3 is driven out of the housing 2 up to an outer end position.
- the outer end position does not have to be defined by a stop of the second pressure plate 11 on the cover plate 9, but can also be defined by the lever pin 3 being at a standstill as a result of the braking forces when the pin 3 is pushed into the door.
- the same process above or below the position of the other guard locking is preferably carried out simultaneously with another device.
- the attachment points for the device 1 can advantageously be indicated to the user by means of templates with markings for the specified dimensions in relation to the door handle.
- the device 1 with the mandrel tip 14 is set about 2 cm lower than the square of the latch 45 and is offset from this vertical by about 4 cm horizontally in the direction of the striking plate and driven by the lock body 60 (cf. figure 6).
- the lock body 60 is bent out of the door leaf 47 and thus a locking device 61 completely out of the locking plate (see FIG. 7).
- Such strong bending of the lock in the door leaf itself is possible in particular in the case of sheet metal doors, here the locking mechanism can be pushed or pulled completely out of the striking plate without the lock body having to be torn out of the door leaf.
- the device 1 In the door 70 in FIG. 8 with security fitting 71 on the lock, the device 1 is placed at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the door leaf 70 next to the fitting 71 in a horizontal position so that the dome 14 is diagonally between an inner fitting 72 and an outer fitting 73 of the door 70 is driven. After imposing the lever pin 3, the user pulls the device 1 in a known manner and thus bends an entire lock body 74 out of the door 70.
- the larger variant 80 of the break-open device in FIGS. 9 and 10 is essentially constructed like the more compact version 1 from FIGS. 1 to 8 intended for operation by one person. However, numerous dimensions are adapted to the larger external dimension.
- the two pressure plates 81, 82 are adapted to the large inside diameter of a housing tube 83.
- the free inner diameter of the tube 83 is approximately 40 mm.
- the tube 83 itself has a wall thickness of 20 mm.
- a working tip 84 has a diameter of approximately 22 mm, a rear pressure tip 85 has a diameter of 15 mm.
- the breaking device 80 has a mass of about 25 kg. It is easy to handle when operated by two people and remains relatively low-recoil when the lever tip is fired into a door due to its inertia. In order to be able to handle the device 80 as well as possible, it is provided with a circumferential gripping bracket 86.
- the bracket 86 runs along the predominant length of a housing 87 of the device 80, runs completely around its rear end 88 and only leaves one front end 89 free with the lever tip. It runs with a first and a second bracket 90, 91 on two sides of the housing 87, so that the two operators can be distributed on both sides of the device SO.
- the brackets 90, 91 each have a diameter of approximately 12 mm to 15 mm.
- a ramming plate can also be mounted on the rear end of the main straightening device.
- a round plate with a diameter of about 15 to 20 cm is particularly compact.
- the ramming plate can preferably be mounted on the circumferential gripping bracket. In this way, the entire device can be used mechanically as a ram.
- the heavy variant of the break-open device in particular, and in particular the embodiment with gripping bars is excellently suited for opening doors that can be opened in the direction of travel when used as a ram. Practical experience has shown that such doors have so far mostly been opened by kicks. As a result, ankle sprains or other injuries occur relatively frequently when pedaling.
- the ram to be operated by two people with the ramming plate on the other hand, can be swung or rammed very specifically against a weak point of a door that can be opened in the direction of walking.
- the arrangement of a shooting mechanism at one end of the device and a ramming plate at the other end of the device is particularly advantageous.
- the design of the device is one-shot, so you can only fire one shot without reloading or changing the ram tip.
- the additional ramming plate makes it possible to keep one shot at home with the available one until an operator reaches a door which is unlikely to be opened with the ramming plate. Here the shot can be used.
- single or multi-pane safety glass in the motor vehicle sector can also be easily opened with the invention.
- the device By simply placing the device in the edge area of the side guide of the pane, it can be pierced without any problems.
- the pane can be broken down into so-called crumbled glass - which allows direct access to the interior - or the glass can then be levered out in the manner described for doors.
- the invention has its greatest advantage when opening a door against the direction of entry.
- it is also suitable without compromise to forcefully open doors in the direction of walking.
- Particularly thick doors can also be opened easily.
- the lever pin is preferably held directly on the lock cylinder and this is shot out of the door. Then the door can be easily opened with a so-called architect's key.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112004001993T DE112004001993D2 (en) | 2003-10-20 | 2004-10-18 | Device and method for forcibly opening a door |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10349218A DE10349218A1 (en) | 2003-10-20 | 2003-10-20 | Device for forcing open a door has lever pin which can be expelled and received in outer final position relative to housing of device to be resistant to torsion |
DE10349218.6 | 2003-10-20 | ||
US51296303P | 2003-10-21 | 2003-10-21 | |
US60/512,963 | 2003-10-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005037375A1 true WO2005037375A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
Family
ID=34466029
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2004/002311 WO2005037375A1 (en) | 2003-10-20 | 2004-10-18 | Device and method for forcing a door |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE112004001993D2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005037375A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013153289A1 (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-10-17 | Libervit | Device for opening a door by pulling |
CN109334602A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-02-15 | 黄斌 | A kind of pneumatic micro motor vehicle window breaker |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0271207B1 (en) | 1986-11-07 | 1992-01-15 | Mordechai Yirmiyahu | Device for force opening doors |
US5791056A (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-08-11 | Messina; Gary D. | Emergency glass breaking tool |
US5987723A (en) * | 1997-01-15 | 1999-11-23 | Mcnally; Daniel L. | Apparatus and method for rapid, remote, forcible entry |
US6035946A (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2000-03-14 | The Right Equipment Company Of Pinnellas County, Inc. | Entry tool for opening secured doors |
EP0750922B1 (en) | 1995-06-27 | 2002-04-10 | Hydro-Noa Ltd. | Method and apparatus for force-opening doors |
WO2002038316A2 (en) * | 2000-11-10 | 2002-05-16 | Invencom, L.L.C. | Recoilless impact device |
-
2004
- 2004-10-18 DE DE112004001993T patent/DE112004001993D2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-18 WO PCT/DE2004/002311 patent/WO2005037375A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0271207B1 (en) | 1986-11-07 | 1992-01-15 | Mordechai Yirmiyahu | Device for force opening doors |
EP0750922B1 (en) | 1995-06-27 | 2002-04-10 | Hydro-Noa Ltd. | Method and apparatus for force-opening doors |
US5791056A (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-08-11 | Messina; Gary D. | Emergency glass breaking tool |
US5987723A (en) * | 1997-01-15 | 1999-11-23 | Mcnally; Daniel L. | Apparatus and method for rapid, remote, forcible entry |
US6035946A (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2000-03-14 | The Right Equipment Company Of Pinnellas County, Inc. | Entry tool for opening secured doors |
WO2002038316A2 (en) * | 2000-11-10 | 2002-05-16 | Invencom, L.L.C. | Recoilless impact device |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013153289A1 (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-10-17 | Libervit | Device for opening a door by pulling |
CN109334602A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-02-15 | 黄斌 | A kind of pneumatic micro motor vehicle window breaker |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112004001993D2 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
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