WO2005036678A1 - Improvements to portable instruments - Google Patents

Improvements to portable instruments Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005036678A1
WO2005036678A1 PCT/GB2004/004300 GB2004004300W WO2005036678A1 WO 2005036678 A1 WO2005036678 A1 WO 2005036678A1 GB 2004004300 W GB2004004300 W GB 2004004300W WO 2005036678 A1 WO2005036678 A1 WO 2005036678A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
instrument
pressure
enclosure
pressurising
gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2004/004300
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
William Howard Considine
Original Assignee
William Howard Considine
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by William Howard Considine filed Critical William Howard Considine
Publication of WO2005036678A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005036678A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/296—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by terminals of battery packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/247—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for portable devices, e.g. mobile phones, computers, hand tools or pacemakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the instrument may be purged with a non-inflammable gas. This is normally used for fixed instruments where the purging gas may be compressed air obtained from outside the hazardous area. Failure of this supply disconnects power from the instrument.
  • the present invention provides a portable electrical instrument adapted for use in a hazardous atmosphere comprising an enclosure sealed from the external atmosphere, means for powering the instrument arranged inside the enclosure, means for pressurising the enclosure, and at least one pressure-operated switch inside the enclosure and arranged to move to an off state in which the powering means is isolated if the internal pressure of the enclosure falls below a predetermined threshold pressure.
  • the sealed portable instrument may contain a source of compressed gas such as a small cylinder, or may have a connection for an external supply of compressed gas.
  • the power supply to the instrument may be isolated by a pressure-operated switch which will isolate the battery if the internal pressure of the instrument falls below a threshold pressure which is sufficient to prevent the ingress of hazardous gases into any part of the instrument.
  • the power supply may comprise a photocell or an induction circuit.
  • the power supply comprises an internal battery.
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the instrument
  • Figure 2 shows a multi-compartment instrument according to another embodiment
  • Figure 3 shows a battery compartment for use with the instrument
  • Figure 4 shows the arrangement in one embodiment of a gas cylinder in a compartment of the instrument
  • Figure 5 shows the embodiment of Figure 4 with an ancillary supply of purging gas
  • Figure 6 shows an alternative arrangement in another embodiment where a gas cylinder is external to the instrument.
  • Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention comprising a sealed instrument case 1, a pressure switch 2 and a compartment 4 for a compressed gas cylinder. All apertures, such as power connector 6, keypad 8 and display window 10 must be sealed.
  • the pressure switch 2 might be of the differential type measuring the difference in pressure between the ambient atmosphere and the pressure inside the instrument. Means are preferably provided for reducing the pressure of the gas in the cylinder to the lower value required to pressurise the instrument, and to shut off the gas flow from the cylinder when the instrument is not in use.
  • the flow of pressurised gas is preferably limited to the minimum sufficient to maintain the presure above the threshold pressure so that the pressure will fall if there is even a small leak in the case. It might be useful to have an indication of the remaining pressure in the cylinder so that a warning may be given if the remaining contents of the cylinder is not sufficient to pressurise the instrument.
  • FIG. 6 shows an alternative arrangement where the gas cylinder 19 is external to the instrument 41.
  • Figure 2 shows a multi-compartment instrument.
  • the battery is in a separate compartment 14 to the rest of the instrument.
  • a compressed gas cylinder may be in a compartment 4 in the instrument. Both, or all compartments must be sealed to the external atmosphere. If there are two compartments then the cylinder is preferably in one, and the pressure switch in the other, to ensure that both are pressurised.
  • the gas cylinder 4 is shown in the instrument compartment 11, so that this is pressurised first. If the communication through the battery compartment 14 to the pressure switch 2 is obstructed then the pressure switch 2 will not operate. The whole instrument must therefore be pressurised before the instrument will operate.
  • the pressure-operated switch comprises a diaphragm 16. Only one side of the operating diaphragm 16 is exposed to the hazardous external atmosphere via a vent 19, and there are no electrical components associated with it. If the diaphragm 16 becomes perforated, then the internal pressure will fall, and the battery will be disconnected.
  • Figure 4 shows a possible arrangement of a valve 20 for controlling the supply of gas from a gas cylinder 18 for pressurising the instrument.
  • the gas cylinder 18 is in a compartment vented to the external atmosphere outside of the instrument 21. The gas passes from the cylinder 18 through the spear used to puncture the seal. As the pressure in the instrument rises the force on the diaphragm 16 overcomes the pressure of the spring 22, and closes off the supply of gas.
  • the possibility that the pressure switch may fail in the closed state might be allowed for. This might be accomplished by an autonomous, intrinsically safe circuit which would prevent the pressurisation sequence proceeding if the pressure switch was not in the correct state before the pressurisation sequence started.
  • a safety circuit is preferably arranged to check that the pressure-operated switch is in its off state before the enclosure is pressurised.
  • the pressure might be a changeover switch, and the intrinsically safe circuit would check that the normally closed contact, which should be closed when the instrument is in the unpowered state, is in fact closed. Additional safety could be provided by having at least one further pressure-operated switch, for example by a double pressure switch or by two pressure switches set at different pressures.
  • the first switch could power a small intrinsically safe circuit that checks that the second switch is off, after which the pressure rising above the threshold pressure brings the second switch on to energise the rest of the instrument. There is a possibility that the instrument might be left in the hazardous area so that the hazardous atmosphere might enter the instrument. The atmosphere inside the instrument would then have to be purged before the power could be applied.
  • An intrinsically safe circuit could incorporate a timer so that the instrument is not powered until a time has elapsed after the pressure is applied.
  • a valve to allow the atmosphere in the instrument to be vented to the external atmosphere could be incorporated to vent the atmosphere in the instrument for a time to allow any hazardous gases inside the instrument to be swept out before the instrument can be powered.
  • Another method of ensuring the safety in use of the instrument would be for the construction of the instrument to be such that it can only be powered up while it is connected to an external power source which might be used to charge the battery. Since this source, by the nature of its function cannot be intrinsically safe, this operation can only be carried out outside the hazardous area.
  • a separate supply of compressed gas could be incorporated into the charging facility.
  • the instrument may preferably be provided with means for connecting a separate source of purging gas to purge the instrument prior to its being moved into the hazardous area.
  • the system would ideally be arranged so that the instrument will not power up until the purging gas supply has been flowing for a sufficient time, and that the internal pressure of the instrument has been established.
  • FIG. 5 An embodiment of this arrangement is shown in Figure 5.
  • the ancillary gas supply 24 is connected to the instrument 31 through a non return valve 26 so that the internal pressure supplied by the internal cylinder 18 does not leak when the external supply 24 is disconnected.
  • the vent valve 28 shown might be required to ensure that an adequate flow of purging gas flows through the instrument.
  • Internal communicating passages 32 should be arranged so that the purging gas flows through all parts of the instrument on its way from the non return valve 26 inlet to the vent valve 28. If the vent valve 28 or non return valve 26 or any other associated device leaks, then the instrument will fail to pressurise, and so remain unpowered.
  • the ancillary gas supply 24 might be in the form of a compressed air supply regulated from a permanent supply drawn from outside the hazardous area, or a cylinder of compressed nitrogen or other inert gas.
  • Various additional valves and circuits to regulate and preserve the gas flows may be required.
  • One of these might be a flow sensor 30 to ensure that there is a flow of purging gas, and that none of the valves in the instrument which might prevent this are blocked.
  • the supply of purging gas from the ancillary supply 24 might be conveniently supplied through or co-axially with a power supply cable used to carry the charging current to the instrument. If the instrument is permanently mounted in the hazardous area, and therefore not fitted with a battery, then its purging gas supply must be applied when the external supply is applied.

Abstract

A portable electrical instrument for use in a hazardous atmosphere where inflammable or explosive gas may be present comprises an enclosure (31) sealed from the external atmosphere, an internal battery (12) and a compressed gas cylinder (18) for pressurising the enclosure. A pressure-operated switch (2) inside the enclosure is arranged to move to an off state in which the battery (12) is isolated if the internal pressure of the enclosure falls below a predetermined threshold pressure. The pressure-operated switch may comprise a diaphragm (16). The instrument enclosure (3 1) may be vented to the external atmosphere and purged with gas from an ancillary supply (24). The instrument can be powered up outside the hazardous area by connecting it to an external power source to charge the battery (12). The instrument can then be purged prior to it being used in the hazardous area.

Description

IMPROVEMENTS TO PORTABLE INSTRUMENTS In the process industries there are working areas where atmospheres of inflammable or explosive gases or vapours may be present or arise under fault conditions. Electrical equipment such as measuring instruments in these areas may contain enough energy to ignite such gases, by spark or overheating. There are three accepted methods of overcoming this problem. The instruments may be housed in an enclosure called Flameproof or Explosionproof, which is strong enough to contain any fire or explosion that may be caused by the instrument inside, and prevent such fire or explosion from reaching the ambient atmosphere. These enclosures are heavy and unsuitable for portable instruments. The instrument may be designed in such a way, called intrinsically safe, that it cannot create a spark or heat of sufficient intensity to ignite the ambient atmosphere. This is difficult if computers or light sources and more complex devices are included in the instrument. The instrument may be purged with a non-inflammable gas. This is normally used for fixed instruments where the purging gas may be compressed air obtained from outside the hazardous area. Failure of this supply disconnects power from the instrument.
The present invention provides a portable electrical instrument adapted for use in a hazardous atmosphere comprising an enclosure sealed from the external atmosphere, means for powering the instrument arranged inside the enclosure, means for pressurising the enclosure, and at least one pressure-operated switch inside the enclosure and arranged to move to an off state in which the powering means is isolated if the internal pressure of the enclosure falls below a predetermined threshold pressure.
The sealed portable instrument may contain a source of compressed gas such as a small cylinder, or may have a connection for an external supply of compressed gas. The power supply to the instrument may be isolated by a pressure-operated switch which will isolate the battery if the internal pressure of the instrument falls below a threshold pressure which is sufficient to prevent the ingress of hazardous gases into any part of the instrument. The power supply may comprise a photocell or an induction circuit. Preferably the power supply comprises an internal battery.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the instrument; Figure 2 shows a multi-compartment instrument according to another embodiment; Figure 3 shows a battery compartment for use with the instrument; Figure 4 shows the arrangement in one embodiment of a gas cylinder in a compartment of the instrument; Figure 5 shows the embodiment of Figure 4 with an ancillary supply of purging gas; and Figure 6 shows an alternative arrangement in another embodiment where a gas cylinder is external to the instrument. Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention comprising a sealed instrument case 1, a pressure switch 2 and a compartment 4 for a compressed gas cylinder. All apertures, such as power connector 6, keypad 8 and display window 10 must be sealed. The pressure switch 2 might be of the differential type measuring the difference in pressure between the ambient atmosphere and the pressure inside the instrument. Means are preferably provided for reducing the pressure of the gas in the cylinder to the lower value required to pressurise the instrument, and to shut off the gas flow from the cylinder when the instrument is not in use. The flow of pressurised gas is preferably limited to the minimum sufficient to maintain the presure above the threshold pressure so that the pressure will fall if there is even a small leak in the case. It might be useful to have an indication of the remaining pressure in the cylinder so that a warning may be given if the remaining contents of the cylinder is not sufficient to pressurise the instrument. Also, if there is a small leak in the instrument, this may provide a warning that the instrument may shut itself off when there is insufficient gas in the cylinder to maintain the pressure. The power connector might not be of the sealed type, but might have a sealing cap, so that attempts to apply external power to the instrument will require the removal of the cap and the consequent release of the pressure. Figure 6 shows an alternative arrangement where the gas cylinder 19 is external to the instrument 41.
Figure 2 shows a multi-compartment instrument. In this case the battery is in a separate compartment 14 to the rest of the instrument. A compressed gas cylinder may be in a compartment 4 in the instrument. Both, or all compartments must be sealed to the external atmosphere. If there are two compartments then the cylinder is preferably in one, and the pressure switch in the other, to ensure that both are pressurised. The gas cylinder 4 is shown in the instrument compartment 11, so that this is pressurised first. If the communication through the battery compartment 14 to the pressure switch 2 is obstructed then the pressure switch 2 will not operate. The whole instrument must therefore be pressurised before the instrument will operate. If there are more than two compartments, then they are preferably connected for the flow of gas so that gas will flow only from the compartment containing the gas cylinder through intermediate compartments and finally to the pressure switch. If it is not possible to conform to this arrangement then more than one pressure switch may be used in different parts of the instrument. Alternative methods of pressurising the instrument might be used, such as a chemical that gives off a gas under pressure. This chemical might be heated by an electrical current, but in this case the instrument would normally have to be pressurised outside the hazardous area to ensure safety, as the electrical power needed to heat the chemical might fail to pressurise the instrument. Figure 3 shows the electrical circuit 13 used to disconnect the battery 12. The switch 2 itself is inside the instrument in the pressurised enclosure 17, so that it is safe when the instrument is pressurised. The pressure-operated switch comprises a diaphragm 16. Only one side of the operating diaphragm 16 is exposed to the hazardous external atmosphere via a vent 19, and there are no electrical components associated with it. If the diaphragm 16 becomes perforated, then the internal pressure will fall, and the battery will be disconnected. Figure 4 shows a possible arrangement of a valve 20 for controlling the supply of gas from a gas cylinder 18 for pressurising the instrument. The gas cylinder 18 is in a compartment vented to the external atmosphere outside of the instrument 21. The gas passes from the cylinder 18 through the spear used to puncture the seal. As the pressure in the instrument rises the force on the diaphragm 16 overcomes the pressure of the spring 22, and closes off the supply of gas. The possibility that the pressure switch may fail in the closed state might be allowed for. This might be accomplished by an autonomous, intrinsically safe circuit which would prevent the pressurisation sequence proceeding if the pressure switch was not in the correct state before the pressurisation sequence started. A safety circuit is preferably arranged to check that the pressure-operated switch is in its off state before the enclosure is pressurised. For instance, the pressure might be a changeover switch, and the intrinsically safe circuit would check that the normally closed contact, which should be closed when the instrument is in the unpowered state, is in fact closed. Additional safety could be provided by having at least one further pressure-operated switch, for example by a double pressure switch or by two pressure switches set at different pressures. The first switch could power a small intrinsically safe circuit that checks that the second switch is off, after which the pressure rising above the threshold pressure brings the second switch on to energise the rest of the instrument. There is a possibility that the instrument might be left in the hazardous area so that the hazardous atmosphere might enter the instrument. The atmosphere inside the instrument would then have to be purged before the power could be applied. An intrinsically safe circuit could incorporate a timer so that the instrument is not powered until a time has elapsed after the pressure is applied. A valve to allow the atmosphere in the instrument to be vented to the external atmosphere could be incorporated to vent the atmosphere in the instrument for a time to allow any hazardous gases inside the instrument to be swept out before the instrument can be powered. Another method of ensuring the safety in use of the instrument would be for the construction of the instrument to be such that it can only be powered up while it is connected to an external power source which might be used to charge the battery. Since this source, by the nature of its function cannot be intrinsically safe, this operation can only be carried out outside the hazardous area. In order to economise on the gas supply from the cylinder inside the instrument a separate supply of compressed gas could be incorporated into the charging facility. The instrument may preferably be provided with means for connecting a separate source of purging gas to purge the instrument prior to its being moved into the hazardous area. The system would ideally be arranged so that the instrument will not power up until the purging gas supply has been flowing for a sufficient time, and that the internal pressure of the instrument has been established. It might be convenient for the purging gas to maintain a small flow of gas while the instrument is on charge. If the instrument is kept on charge and therefore purged, then it will always be ready for use. An embodiment of this arrangement is shown in Figure 5. The ancillary gas supply 24 is connected to the instrument 31 through a non return valve 26 so that the internal pressure supplied by the internal cylinder 18 does not leak when the external supply 24 is disconnected. The vent valve 28 shown might be required to ensure that an adequate flow of purging gas flows through the instrument. Internal communicating passages 32 should be arranged so that the purging gas flows through all parts of the instrument on its way from the non return valve 26 inlet to the vent valve 28. If the vent valve 28 or non return valve 26 or any other associated device leaks, then the instrument will fail to pressurise, and so remain unpowered.
The ancillary gas supply 24 might be in the form of a compressed air supply regulated from a permanent supply drawn from outside the hazardous area, or a cylinder of compressed nitrogen or other inert gas. Various additional valves and circuits to regulate and preserve the gas flows may be required. One of these might be a flow sensor 30 to ensure that there is a flow of purging gas, and that none of the valves in the instrument which might prevent this are blocked. The supply of purging gas from the ancillary supply 24 might be conveniently supplied through or co-axially with a power supply cable used to carry the charging current to the instrument. If the instrument is permanently mounted in the hazardous area, and therefore not fitted with a battery, then its purging gas supply must be applied when the external supply is applied. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing descriptions are merely exemplary embodiments of the invention and many variations and modifications may be made within the scope of the invention.

Claims

Claims:
1. A portable electrical instrument adapted for use in a hazardous atmosphere comprising: an enclosure sealed from the external atmosphere; means for powering the instrument arranged inside the enclosure; means for pressurising the enclosure; and at least one pressure-operated switch inside the enclosure and arranged to move to an off state in which the powering means is isolated if the internal pressure of the enclosure falls below a predetermined threshold pressure.
2. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 wherein the powering means comprises a battery.
3. An instrument as claimed in claim 2 further comprising a connector for an external power source for charging the battery.
4. An instrument as claimed in claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein the pressurising means comprises a compressed gas cylinder.
5. An instrument as claimed in claim 4 wherein the compressed gas cylinder is in a compartment of the instrument sealed to the external atmosphere.
6. An instrument as claimed in claim 4 wherein the compressed gas cylinder is in a compartment of the instrument vented to the external atmosphere.
7. An instrument as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the pressurising means comprises means for connecting an external supply of compressed gas.
8. An instrument as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the pressurising means comprises a chemical that gives off a gas under pressure.
9. An instrument as claimed in any of claims 4-8 further comprising a valve to control the supply of gas from the pressurising means.
10. An instrument as claimed in any of claims 4-9 further comprising means to limit the supply of pressurising gas from the pressurising means to the minimum sufficient to maintain the enclosure pressurised above the threshold pressure.
11. An instrument as claimed in any preceding claim further comprising means for isolating the powering means if the means for pressurising the enclosure is not sufficient to maintain the enclosure pressurised above the threshold pressure.
12. An instrument as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the pressure-operated switch is a differential pressure switch arranged to measure the difference in pressure between the external atmosphere and the enclosure.
13. An instrument as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the pressure-operated switch comprises a diaphragm, one side of the diaphragm being exposed to the external atmosphere.
14. An instrument as claimed in any preceding claim further comprising a safety circuit which is arranged to check that the pressure-operated switch is in said off state before the enclosure is pressurised.
15. An instrument as claimed in any preceding claim further comprising at least one further pressure-operated switch.
16. An instrument as claimed in claim 15 wherein a first one of said pressure-operated switches is arranged to power a safety circuit, said safety circuit being arranged to check that a second of said pressure-operated switches is initially in its off state until the enclosure is pressurised to a pressure above the predetermined threshold such that the second switch is moved to its on state.
17. An instrument as claimed in any preceding claim further comprising a valve for venting the enclosure to the external atmosphere.
18. An instrument as claimed in claim 17 further comprising means for connecting a source of purging gas for purging the enclosure.
19. An instrument as claimed in claim 18 further comprising a flow sensor for measuring the flow of purging gas.
20. An instrument as claimed in claims 18 or 19 wherein the purging gas is arranged to be supplied coaxially with a power supply cable.
21. A self-contained portable electrical instrument adapted for use in a hazardous atmosphere comprising means for pressurising at least part of the instrument, to prevent the ingress of said hazardous atmosphere.
22. A portable electrical instrument as claimed in claim 21 wherein the means for pressurising the instrument comprises a compressed gas cylinder.
PCT/GB2004/004300 2003-10-07 2004-10-07 Improvements to portable instruments WO2005036678A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0323375.6 2003-10-07
GBGB0323375.6A GB0323375D0 (en) 2003-10-07 2003-10-07 Improvements to portable instruments

Publications (1)

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WO2005036678A1 true WO2005036678A1 (en) 2005-04-21

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PCT/GB2004/004300 WO2005036678A1 (en) 2003-10-07 2004-10-07 Improvements to portable instruments

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WO (1) WO2005036678A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITTO20130473A1 (en) * 2013-06-07 2014-12-08 Whitehead Sistemi Subacquei S P A UNIT FOR THE SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY BY NAVAL VESSEL, IN PARTICULAR UNDERWATER VESSEL
WO2019137940A1 (en) 2018-01-10 2019-07-18 Bartec Technor As Enclosure for an electrical component in a potentially hazardous environment

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2437422A (en) * 1944-08-24 1948-03-09 Edison Inc Thomas A Protective gas-permeable container for air-depolarized cells
US5004129A (en) * 1990-01-18 1991-04-02 Itt Corporation Self-venting container
WO1998047191A1 (en) * 1997-04-14 1998-10-22 Timex Corp. Container for electrical device utilizing a metal air cell

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2437422A (en) * 1944-08-24 1948-03-09 Edison Inc Thomas A Protective gas-permeable container for air-depolarized cells
US5004129A (en) * 1990-01-18 1991-04-02 Itt Corporation Self-venting container
WO1998047191A1 (en) * 1997-04-14 1998-10-22 Timex Corp. Container for electrical device utilizing a metal air cell

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITTO20130473A1 (en) * 2013-06-07 2014-12-08 Whitehead Sistemi Subacquei S P A UNIT FOR THE SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY BY NAVAL VESSEL, IN PARTICULAR UNDERWATER VESSEL
EP2811543A1 (en) * 2013-06-07 2014-12-10 Whitehead Sistemi Subacquei S.p.A. Apparatus for supplying electric power to a naval unit, particurlarly a submarine unit
WO2019137940A1 (en) 2018-01-10 2019-07-18 Bartec Technor As Enclosure for an electrical component in a potentially hazardous environment
GB2571513A (en) * 2018-01-10 2019-09-04 Bartec Technor As Enclosure for an electrical component in a potentially hazardous environment

Also Published As

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