WO2005035977A1 - Turbine housing and floatation assembly - Google Patents
Turbine housing and floatation assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005035977A1 WO2005035977A1 PCT/PH2004/000010 PH2004000010W WO2005035977A1 WO 2005035977 A1 WO2005035977 A1 WO 2005035977A1 PH 2004000010 W PH2004000010 W PH 2004000010W WO 2005035977 A1 WO2005035977 A1 WO 2005035977A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- turbine
- turbine housing
- fluid flow
- fluid
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 174
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000254 damaging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N flonicamid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=NC=C1C(=O)NCC#N RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
- F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
- F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
- F03B13/264—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the horizontal flow of water resulting from tide movement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
- F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
- F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
- F03B17/063—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/14—Casings, housings, nacelles, gondels or the like, protecting or supporting assemblies there within
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
- F05B2240/932—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface which is a catamaran-like structure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/97—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a submerged structure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/30—Arrangement of components
- F05B2250/32—Arrangement of components according to their shape
- F05B2250/323—Arrangement of components according to their shape convergent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/30—Arrangement of components
- F05B2250/32—Arrangement of components according to their shape
- F05B2250/324—Arrangement of components according to their shape divergent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/50—Inlet or outlet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
Definitions
- This invention relates to turbine housings and to power enhancement of prime movers, and in particular to prime movers which harness energy from free flowing fluid.
- the invention also extends to a method of increasing generated energy of prime movers.
- Radioactive materials include nuclear fission, whereby atoms of radioactive elements are bombarded with a neutron source, which splits the radioactive element into an element or elements of smaller atomic mass, generating massive quantities of energy in the process.
- neutron source which splits the radioactive element into an element or elements of smaller atomic mass, generating massive quantities of energy in the process.
- radioactive materials means that environmentally safe methods of disposal of waste are difficult to achieve.
- the radioactive waste generated is commonly stored in sealed containers and then buried in restricted access landfill sites or clumped at sea. There have been many occurrences of radioactive waste leaking from these containers and damaging the local environment. The damage caused by radioactive waste may be irreversible and the radiation generated by the waste may last decades. Thus, there is strong desire to produce or increase power production of non-polluting and renewable energy sources.
- Non-polluting and renewable energy sources include tidal-powered electricity generators, and wind powered electricity generators. These types of generators generally employ turbines that are designed to translate the linear motion of wind or tidal water current into rotational motion of a turbine through a central hub, which is connected to a suitable energy generator.
- the maximum power produced by turbines used for wind, river, or tidal flow power extraction are dictated by the existing fluid speed; determined by the conditions set by the environment.
- One of the aims of preferred embodiments of the present invention is to overcome or mitigate at least some of the disadvantages or limitations imposed by the existing environmental conditions, in particular the actual site speed available from the fluid or medium from which power is extracted.
- a second aim of preferred embodiments of the present invention is to over come or mitigate at least some of the disadvantages imposed by this counter-rotative forces that greatly influence turbine efficiency.
- a third aim of preferred embodiments of the present invention is to overcome or mitigate at least some of the problems of fluid speed control encountered in harnessing power from free flowing fluids.
- a fourth aim of preferred embodiments of the present invention is to overcome or mitigate at least some of the disadvantages or limitations imposed by those extreme environmental conditions.
- Another aim of preferred embodiments of the invention is to overcome or mitigate at least one problem of the prior art, whether expressly disclosed herein or not.
- a turbine housing comprising a housing body having a first end, a second end and a central region, wherein the housing body comprises a bore running therethrough, and wherein the bore tapers from a first, larger cross-section at and/or in the region of the first and second ends, to a second, smaller cross-section towards the central portion.
- the cross—section of the bore in the central portion is rectangular, cylindrical, oval, square, or any other suitable cross-sectional shape.
- the cross-section of the central portion of the bore is rectangular or circular.
- the shape of the first and second end is frusto-conical or trumpet shaped.
- the cross-sectional shape of the central portion is rectangular or square, preferably the shape of the first and second end comprises a flared extension of the rectangular cross-sectional shape.
- the first and second end comprise a fluid inlet and fluid outlet respectively.
- the central portion comprises means to mount a turbine, or a rotat ble shaft of a turbine.
- the central portion comprises a bore of uniform cross- section, and suitably the means to house a turbine or rotatable shaft is located subtantially centrally within the central portion.
- the turbine housing Length-wise, along the centerline of the central portion of the housing, at the middle of the housing, for a vertical axis turbine, is where the shaft of a turbine is preferably to be installed or mounted.
- For a horizontal axis turbine lengthwise, along the centerline of the housing, also in middle of the central portion housing, is where the turbine mountings are preferably to be located.
- the turbine housing may be divided into five sections. Two identical inlet/outlet units are cut at the first and second ends. Next, are two identical conducting; duct portions cut from both the resulting ends, the remaining middle portion becomes the turbine-housing portion.
- the duct portions and turbine-housing portion comprise the central portion of the turbine housing.
- Both sides of the turbine housing portion are preferably double walled, with the inner walls, tapering sidewise towards both openings forming a venturi.
- Center of the housing of this turbine housing portion is where the vertical shaft of the turbine is preferably to be located and held by bearing assemblies.
- the conducting duct portion is preferably a rectangular tubular section, open at both ends each with flanges for bolted connections to the flange end of one of the inlet or outlet portions at one end, with other end. bolted to the flange of the turbine housing portion. This type of connection also applies to the other side of the turbine housing portion similar in arrangement outward to form a symmetrical assembly.
- the bore of the second, smaller cross-sectional portion of the inlet and outlet portions preferably has. a flange that joins the flange of conducting duct portion at one end.
- the other large cross-sectional size end is preferably a flaring opening that serves as the fluid intake/exhaust depending upon which way the fluid is coming from. In use, when free flowing fluid is allowed to enter at one end, it progresses inside and come out from the other end. The process is reversed when the exit side becomes the entrance.
- the fluid When the housing is submerged in a free flowing fluid such that one end is facing the fluid flow, the fluid enters the inlet portion.
- the slowly decreasing volume of fluid flowing from the first, larger cross-sectional part of the bore to the second, smaller cross-sectional part of the bore causes the fluid to increase in speed.
- the conducting duct portion As the fluid passes . the conducting duct portion, the fluid speed is stabilized.
- the conducting duct portion delivers the fluid to the entrance of the turbine housing portion where the fluid speed is further increased. At the throat of the venturi (in the turbine housing portion) where the fluid speed is maximum, power is extracted.
- the housing comprises means to restrict fluid flow through the housing body, hereinafter referred to as "fluid flow restriction means".
- the fluid flow restriction means comprises means to restrict fluid flow through pre-defined areas of the housing body.
- the fluid flow restriction means may restrict speed and/or direction of fluid flow through the housing.
- the fluid flow restriction means comprises a moveable member, moveable between a first position in which fluid flow is restricted axially along the housing body to, for example, one side of the housing body, and a second position in which fluid flow is not substantially restricted along the housing body.
- the fluid flow restriction means comprises a pivotable member, pivotable between the first and second positions.
- the pivotable member is moveable between the first and second positions by action of fluid flowing through the bore.
- the fluid flow restriction means comprises two moveable members, one each located towards the first and second ends of the housing, and arranged in use such that one of the first and/or second fluid flow restriction means moves to the first position when the other of the second and/or first fluid flow restriction means moves to the second position.
- fluid entering the first end may impinge on the first fluid flow restriction means, and be restricted to flowing along a restricted portion of the central portion of the bore of the housing body in order to increase the velocity of fluid arriving at a turbine housed in the central portion.
- fluid flowing out of the housing body may impinge the second fluid flow restriction means, moving it from the first or second position, such that fluid flow is not substantially restricted in velocity and direction out of the second end.
- the movement limiting means may be operably co- operable with the fluid flow restriction means, such that the fluid flow restriction means is limited between the first and second positions only.
- the movement limiting means may for example, comprise an arresting pin or other such member, which serves to prevent the fluid flow restriction means from moving out of the range of the first and second positions.
- a fluid flow restriction means in the form of a pivot pin is mounted in the conducting portion.
- the pivot pin serves as support and pivot for a straight or a curvilinear rectangular plate. This pin allows the fluid flow restriction means to swing in during inflow, or to swing out during outflow. Rollers (not shown) are provided along the bottom part of the fluid flow restriction means for ease of operation.
- an arresting pin is attached to the turbine housing.
- the arresting pin arrests the inward swing of the fluid flow restriction means during the inflow to limit the inward travel and hold it in place approximately at the center during the whole intake operation.
- the arresting pin acts as a stopper, and its location position the fluid flow restriction means to directs the whole fluid mass or inflow toward correct angle of attack of the fluid in relation to the blades/buckets of the turbine to maximize power extraction.
- the other purpose of the fluid flow restriction means is to preferably block one half of the turbine section to provide a lower fluid speed area where the advancing blade/bucket portion of turbine goes against the incoming fluid flow.
- the fluid flow restriction means With the fluid flow restriction means installed in the conducting duct portions, during intake, the fluid flow restriction means produces a choking effect to the already accelerated fluid flow coming out from the intake/exhaust portion that feeds the intake side of the conducting duct portion.
- the fluid speed is further increased inside the conducting duct portion by the aid of the choking effect of the fluid flow restriction means.
- the turbine housing portion which houses a venturi maximize the speed. At the point of maximum fluid speed inside the venturi, power is extracted before it is allowed to expand through the increasingly widening area of the venturi at the opposite end of the turbine housing portion.
- the added speed introduced to the flow of the fluid produces additional power that could be extracted by the turbine, compared to the power it could produced without the use of the turbine housing.
- the fluid hits the inboard face of the fluid flow restriction means which is at closed position resting on the arresting pin.
- the pressure exerted on the inboard face pushes the fluid flow restriction means to slide open, allowing more room in this conducting duct portion to lower and stabilize the fluid flow.
- the fluid flow is then guided smoothly by the fluid flow restriction means through the intake/exhaust portion outlet. Ultimately, the fluid joins the mainstream running outside the whole assembly.
- the speed of the fluid outside the turbine speed accelerator assembly is preferably multiplied several times before power is extracted. Directing and concentrating the mass of high speed fluid where it is most needed increases available power. At the same time, reducing the fluid speed encountered by the advancing blades/buckets, minimizes the subtractive forces thereby appraiseably increasing turbine effeciency.
- the turbine housing When the ocean is used as the medium, the turbine housing may be mounted or supported by permanent pylons (not shown) that are permanently embedded into the ocean floor, or suspended without permanently situated infrastructures by the use of at least one floatation unit that work under the inverted cup principle.
- the trapped air in the floatation unit preferably holds the turbine housing and floatation assembly afloat.
- At least one air release control valve and at least one air charging valve are preferably mounted on top of each floatation unit to released or trapped the air inside the floatation units charging or releasing air inside the floatation unit will make the entire turbine housing and floatation assembly float or sink, or to float under water at whatever depth is so required.
- a weatherproof shell may be provided, preferably supported by hinges and latches lock the shell in place when closed.
- a retractable hydraulic jack is preferably connected to the shell at one end, with the other end anchored to the ground level to provide a method of hydraulically opening and closing the shell as it is required.
- the shell in the closed position preferably provides an air space to prevent water from reaching water sensitive areas while the turbine is operating under water with shell closed and lockied.
- the air relief valve In the submerged position the air relief valve is preferably closed. Water is present inside the floatation unit, partly or completely occupying the space inside it, depending at which depth it is desired to float.
- the air entering inside the floatation unit preferably pushes the water inside it out through the open lip at the bottom of the floatation unit to make the turbine housing and floatation assembly float at any desired depth.
- steel chains/cables with calculated slack are preferably attached to at least two anchors located at two different positions on the seabed.
- Attached to the fore is at least one anchor chain/cable, aft of the turbine housing and floatation assembly the other anchor chain/cable is/are attached.
- the turbine housing and floatation assembly is preferably tethered at both fore and aft and is allowed to move forward or backward only depending on the direction of the tide flow and is prevented to turn around, dictated by the cable/s slack, to avoid fouling of the electrical cables.
- the opening of the turbine housing will preferably be facing against the flow of the fluid and will be self adjusting in relation with the fluid flow, regardless of where the fluid flow is coming from.
- a turbine housing as described hereinabove on which is mounted a turbine or rotatable shaft.
- Figure 1 illustrates a top view of a first preferred embodiment of the turbine housing of the invention.
- Figure 2 illustrates an isometric view of the preferred embodiment of the turbine housing shown in Figure 1.
- Figure 3 illustrates a top view of a second preferred embodiment of the turbine housing shown in Figure 3.
- Figure 4 illustrates an isometric view of the second preferred embodiment of the turbine housing of the invention.
- Figure 5 illustrates a perspective view of a floatation assembly of the third preferred embodiment of the turbine a of the invention.
- Figure 6 illustrates a perspective view of the turbine housing and floatation assembly of the third preferred embodiment shown in Figure 5, when the turbine housing is mounted in the floatation assembly with the shell close.
- Figure 7 illustrates a perspective view of the turbine housing and floatation assembly of the third preferred embodiment shown in Figures 5 and 6, when the turbine housing is mounted in the floatation assembly with the shell open.
- Figure 8 illustrates a side view of the turbine housing and floatation assembly of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention, afloat and anchored on the sea bed with shell open.
- Figure 9 illustrates a side view of the turbine housing and floatation assembly of a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention, submerged and anchored on the sea bed with the shell closed.
- Figure 10 illustrates a top view of a vertical access turbine of the prior art, in relation with the present invention showing the forces generated by the incoming fluid on the blades/buckets as the blades/bucketts advances against the moving fluid.
- a preferred embodiment of a turbine housing comprises a hollow housing body comprising a turbine housing portion 4, two conducting duct portions 6 and 10, an inlet portion 8 and outlet portion 12, having a bore running therethrough.
- the turbine housing portion 4 and two conducting duct portions 6 and 10 form a central portion of the husing 2.
- the two portions 8 and 12 form the first and second ends of the housing.
- the cross-section of the turbine housing 2 is rectangular in this example, but could also either be square, oval, or circular, for example.
- the housing comprises a first end 32 and a second end 58 having a bore of a first larger cross-section tapering to a second smaller cross-section in the bore of the units 4, 6 and 10.
- the turbine housing portion 4 is a hollow box open at both ends with a removable top plate 60.
- the removable top plate 60 is the access when installing turbine 62 inside this box. It is provided with inside double walling 14 along each side, mounted perpendicular from the bottom plate 16, originating and attached vertically to the turbine housing portion 4 opening flange 18 and flange 20 of the turbine housing portion 4.
- the shape of the double wiling 14 is half an ellipse reckoned from the top view, the two vertical walling 14, together forms a venturi.
- top and bottom bearing support (not shown) of a turbine shaft 22 of the vertical axis turbine 62 is located. Proper clearances are provided between double wall 14 and the blades of the rotating turbine 62.
- the conducting duct portions 6 and 10 are just ducts or boxes open at both ends.
- the conducting duct portions 6 and 10 joins the turbine housing portion 4 flanges 18 and 20 as against flanges 24 and 38 of the conducting duct portions respectively.
- Both the other end of the conducting duct portions 6 and 10 joins the inlet and outlet portions 8 and 12 flanges 28 and 30 respectively.
- the inlet and outlet portions 8 and 12 comprise a first larger cross-section at the first end 32 and second end 58 tapering to a smaller cross- section in the central portion of the housing 4, both have a wide flaring end 32 and 58 that serves as an enlarged opening for intake or exhaust for the fluid during operation.
- the whole turbine housing 2 is submerged and oriented into a free moving fluid such that the opening hole 32 of the inlet unit 8 is directly facing the incoming fluid, the fluid enters the opening hole 32, progresses inside and come out of the opening 58 to join the fluid flow passing outside the turbine housing 2.
- the fluid progresses inside the inlet portion 8.
- the cross- sectional area of the bore is gradually reduced from the inlet 8 through the conducting unit portion 6 to accelerate to increase the fluid speed.
- the fluid is then delivered and enters into the conducting duct portion 6 to smoothen the fluid flow before it is allowed to enter the turbine housing portion 4.
- the venturi inside the turbine housing portion 4 further increases the fluid speed delivered by the conducting duct portion 6; at this maximum fluid speed, power is extracted.
- the high-speed linear motion of the fluid inside the turbine housing portion 4 is converted by the turbine 62 into rotational motion of shaft 22, and is transmitted to a gearbox 50, which amplifies the rotational speed, then is transmitted to an alternator 52 that convert the forces into electrical output.
- the fluid after hitting the blades of turbine 12, is allowed to reduce speed as the fluid passes through the venturi' s throat inside the turbine housing portion 4.
- the fluid is then smoothen inside the conducting duct portion 10 before it enters the outlet unit 12.
- the progressively widening area of the bore inside the outlet unit 12 reduces the fluid speed further as it continue to pass into the outlet unit 12.
- the fluid coming out at opening 58 once again joins the flow of fluid passing outside the turbine housing 2.
- the use of the turbine housing 2 increases the prevailing fluid speed outside the turbine housing 2, to produce an increase of available power for prime mover's extraction.
- a second embodiment of the turbine housing 2 includes all the elements of the embodiment described for Figures 1 and 2, but also includes means to manage the fluid flow entering the turbine housing portion 4, in the foprm of fluid flow restriction means in the form of plates 34 and 40 installed inside the conducting duct portions 6 and 10.
- the fluid flow restriction means 34 and 40 are either straight rectangular plates, or are curvelinear plates, shaped to form a smooth curvature to guide, increase the speed, and direct the flow of the fluid.
- the inlet portion 8 opening 32 is facing the fluid flow, the entering fluid increases in speed as it passes through the narrowing space of the bore of the inlet portion 8.
- the fluid enters the conducting unit 6, passing along the outward face 90 of the plate 34, the fluid speed increases further and is directed to hit the blades/buckets of turbine 62 where it is most needed, to produce optimum ' power extraction. Afterwards, the fluid speed is gradually reduced inside the turbine housing portion 4 as it progresses outward from the venturi' s throat as a result of the Venturis' effect of the double walling 14.
- pivot pins 46 and 48 Inside the conducting duct portions 6 and 10 are pivot pins 46 and 48, arresting pins 42 and 44, used by the plates 34 and 40 respectively, as pivots and as closing travel arresters.
- the fluid path Downstream of the fluid flow restriction means atinner surface 92, the fluid path is blocked.
- the block produces a slower fluid speed encountered by the advanacing blades/buckets of the turbine 62 resulting to a much lower subtractive forces; hence, much larger net power can be extracted.
- the fluid output of the turbine housing portion 4 enters the conducting duct portion 10 to impinge on the inward face 56 of the fluid plate 40 that is resting against the arresting pin 44.
- the fluid plate 40 then slide open by the aid of rollers (not shown) attached at the bottom edge of the fluid plate 40, pivoting on the pivot pin 48. This allows the fluid to reduce speed some more, so it could now easily pass through the outlet portion 12, through opening 58, and be sucked by the mainstream fluid flowing outside the turbine housing 2.
- a third embodiment of the turbine housing 2 of the invention includes all elements described in Figuress 3 and 4, but include floatation assembly 80 to make the turbine housing 2 float.
- the floatation assembly 80 is composed of at least one floatation unit 82, preferably, at least two floatation units 82, separated by superstructure and flooring 84, such that when the two floatation units 82 are bolted and joined, the turbine housing 2, will be mounted to straddle the floatation assembly 80, sandwiching the whole body lengthwise .
- the turbine housing 2 becomes an integral unit of the turbine housing and floatation assembly 94. Mounting is made such that, the turbine housing 2 is lower than the top of the superstructure and flooring 84, suitably to make it totally underwater while the super structure and flooring 84 is well above the water.
- the turbine gearbox 50, alternator 52, hydraulic jacks 70, compress air containers, compressors, hydraulic motors, electrical accessories and controls are located. All of these accessories are covered with a shell 64, such that when closed, hinges 66 and latch 68 holds the shell 64 in-placed, shell 64 when close create a water tight chamber that protect the alternator 52 and other required accessories from getting wet, during fully submerged operation, operation.
- the shell 64 is attached by hinges 66 to the superstructure and flooring 84 to allow shell 64 to be opened or closed at will, by means of hydraulic jack 70.
- the turbine housing 2 and floatation assembly 94 In use, when the turbine housing 2 and floatation assembly 94 is place on a free moving fluid such as a river or an oean, the turbine housing 2 and floatation assembly 94 will float.
- the whole superstructure 84 will be under the water surface except for the superstructure flooring 84, which houses the gearbox * 50, alternator 52, together with the electrical accessories (not shown) , are all above the water surface .
- mooring chains 76 and 78 are attached to both fore and aft mooring blocks 86 and 88 embedded on the seabed. This mooring arrangement provide an ample means to allow the turbine housing 2 and floatation assembly 94 to move fore and aft only dictated by the direction of the water flow.
- the fourth embodiment of the invention includes all the elements of the embodiment described for Figures 5, 6, 7 , and 8 , but includes means to submerge the whole turbine housing and floatation assembly 94 to continuously operate; this time under the surface of the water .
- At least one mechanically/electrically or pneumatically controlled discharge valve 72 and at least one mechanically/electrically or pneumatically controlled charging valve 74 is installed on the top surface of the floatation unit 82 .
- the shell 64 Before diving or under water operation is initiated, the shell 64 is close through the use of hydraulic jack 70 and held rigidly close by the aid of the latch 68 and hinges 66. The trapped air inside the airtight shell 64 prevents the water from reaching gearbox 50, alternator 52, and the rest of water sensitive instruments and controls.
- the trapped air inside the floatation unit 82 that makes the turbine housing and floatation assembly 94 float is vented out to the atmosphere through the mechanically/electrically or pneumatically controlled discharge valve 72. Allowing the release of the trap air inside the floatation unit 82, the space vacated by the air permits the water to enter through the open lip at the bottom of floatation unit 82. As the buoyancy is lost, the turbine housing and floatation assembly 94 starts to sink and be totally submerged. The desired water depth where the turbine housing and floatation assembly 94 is allowed to mentain is controlled by the amount or quantity of the trapped air released.
- a battery of compressed air canisters (not shown) charges the floatation unit 82 through the charging valves 74.
- the water occupying the space inside the floatation unit 82 is forced out by the entering air, and the water is then pushed out through the open bottom at the lip of the floatation units 82.
- the buoyancy of the turbine housing and floatation assembly 94 increases. The amount of air charged determines the level at which turbine housing and floatation assembly 94 will float.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oceanography (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2004280216A AU2004280216A1 (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2004-10-13 | Turbine housing and floatation assembly |
EP04793742A EP1690003A1 (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2004-10-13 | Turbine housing and floatation assembly |
US10/595,364 US20070020097A1 (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2004-10-13 | Turbine housing and floatation assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PH1-2003-000483 | 2003-10-13 | ||
PH12003000483 | 2003-10-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005035977A1 true WO2005035977A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
Family
ID=34432224
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/PH2004/000010 WO2005035977A1 (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2004-10-13 | Turbine housing and floatation assembly |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070020097A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1690003A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1867768A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004280216A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW200519292A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005035977A1 (en) |
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FR3029498A1 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-10 | Francois Clement | DEVICE FOR SCANNING AND GUIDING FLOWS FOR ELECTRIC BOAT OR BARGE |
CN107208599A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2017-09-26 | 吴宅根 | Hydroelectric installation for rivers and creeks |
EP3258098A4 (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2018-08-22 | Oh, Taekgeun | Hydroelectric power generator for river |
CN107208599B (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2019-04-26 | 吴宅根 | Hydroelectric installation for rivers and creeks |
WO2018163158A1 (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-13 | Weinroth Netta | A turbine system for producing electrical energy and method therefor |
WO2022048964A1 (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-03-10 | Auffret Philippe | Modular hybrid water turbine system |
FR3113928A1 (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-03-11 | AUFFRET Philippe | Modular tidal turbine. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200519292A (en) | 2005-06-16 |
AU2004280216A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
EP1690003A1 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
CN1867768A (en) | 2006-11-22 |
US20070020097A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
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