WO2005003488A1 - Panel comprising a locking system - Google Patents

Panel comprising a locking system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005003488A1
WO2005003488A1 PCT/DE2004/001419 DE2004001419W WO2005003488A1 WO 2005003488 A1 WO2005003488 A1 WO 2005003488A1 DE 2004001419 W DE2004001419 W DE 2004001419W WO 2005003488 A1 WO2005003488 A1 WO 2005003488A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elevations
panel
profile
panels
profiles
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2004/001419
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen HANNIG
Original Assignee
Akzenta Paneele + Profile Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Akzenta Paneele + Profile Gmbh filed Critical Akzenta Paneele + Profile Gmbh
Priority to EP04738849A priority Critical patent/EP1639214B1/en
Priority to DE502004003415T priority patent/DE502004003415D1/en
Priority to US10/562,491 priority patent/US20070065293A1/en
Priority to CA002539791A priority patent/CA2539791A1/en
Publication of WO2005003488A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005003488A1/en

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/02Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/041Tongues or grooves with slits or cuts for expansion or flexibility
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/07Joining sheets or plates or panels with connections using a special adhesive material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a panel made of a square plate made of coated wood-based material, wherein opposite edges of the panel have mutually complementary positive-locking profiles, so that similar panels can be joined together.
  • Generic panels are used, for example, for the production of floor coverings, so-called laminate panels. Such panels can also be designed as wall or ceiling panels.
  • the panels predominantly consist of medium-density fiberboard (MDF) or of high-density fiberboard (HDF), onto which other layers, mostly resin-impregnated cellulose layers, are laminated.
  • MDF medium-density fiberboard
  • HDF high-density fiberboard
  • the positive locking profiles are formed in one piece on the panels, for example milled.
  • the panels are rectangular with two long edges that lie opposite one another and with two short edges that lie opposite one another.
  • the thickness of the laminate panels is usually less than the thickness of parquet panels. Usual thicknesses are in a range between 5 mm and 8 mm. Thinner or thicker laminate panels are rare. However, parquet panels are now also equipped with form-fitting profiles. Therefore, the positive locking profiles of the proposed new panel can also be provided on parquet panels.
  • the complementary form-fitting profiles of a panel are limited by the thickness of the panel and are quite small. They have to be made with a very good shape and fit so that they fit together. High fit of the complementary shape End profiles are an important requirement, in particular to ensure a closed joint on an upper side of the locked panels, because the surface is visible to the user of a finished floor covering. For floors in particular, it is desirable to have a smooth surface in which the joints between the panels do not form gaps, but the edges are butted against each other and are in contact.
  • one of the complementary form-fitting profiles can be viewed as the inner part and the associated profile as the outer part.
  • the relationship of an outer part to an associated inner part before joining the parts is called a fit.
  • Both the outer part and the inner part have certain nominal dimensions, tolerances being permitted for each nominal dimension. Any form-fit profile whose actual dimensions are within tolerance can be used. Fits are classified into three different types according to a system: match fit, press fit and transition fit. The subdivision is always based on the dimensional relationship of the outer part with its tolerance to the inner part with its tolerance before the joining of both parts.
  • the tolerances are such that there is in any case an oversize between the outer part and the inner part after the joining and therefore there must be an elastic deformation of the joining parts.
  • WO 97/47834 In order to always obtain a closed joint for the panels on the upper side of the panels, which is visible in the installed state, it is known from WO 97/47834 to bring about an elastic deformation on a form-fitting profile, which produces a prestressing of the panels. By means of this prestressing, the panels are forced towards one another and in this way the joint on the 0- top side of the panels is kept closed.
  • the panel known from WO 97/47834 is a modified tongue and groove panel, tongue and groove being undercut in each case.
  • the geometry of the interlocking profiles causes elastic deformation on one of the groove walls, namely the lower groove wall facing the laying substrate in the installed state.
  • the deformed lower groove wall bends like a beam clamped on one side. When two panels are installed, the deflection of the groove wall is at least partially preserved. Due to the elasticity of the lower groove wall as well as the special geometry of the groove wall and tongue, in which inclined planes act on one another, the joint is closed
  • the internal cohesion of the wood material is disadvantageously weakened by the permanent deflection.
  • the higher the degree of deformation the "more" the wood material becomes in the area deformed by bending.
  • Another disadvantage is seen in that the wood material relaxes in the area deformed by bending over a long period of time.
  • Moisture absorption of the wood material promotes relaxation
  • the form-fitting profiles of panels are usually impregnated with agents that do not Prevent moisture absorption, but depending on the quality of the impregnation and the type and location of the panel application, a gradual moisture absorption cannot be prevented.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a panel whose form-fitting profiles are designed such that, in the assembled state, panels have closed joints without at the same time producing an elastic deformation of a form-fitting profile which is stressed by the wood-based material.
  • the object is achieved in that the surface of the interlocking profiles has elevations and depressions at least in some areas, that the elevations are abraded by friction during assembly of two panels, and that the depressions have a volume in which the abrasion particles from the elevations arise are recordable.
  • the elevations are ground to the required size.
  • a closed joint forms at the top of the panels.
  • a uniform height level is achieved without a height offset at the joint.
  • the positive locking profiles can enlarge or swell due to exposure to moisture. In these cases, the bumps continue to be abraded through proper use, namely on a soft footfall sound-absorbing surface. The fit of the form-fitting profiles is adjusted again and, as a result, a suitable seat without oversize and without play.
  • One of the form-fitting profiles is expediently designed as a groove profile with an undercut and the opposite form-fitting profile as a tongue profile with an undercut.
  • the undercuts of the tongue and groove profiles can be inserted into one another by tilting the panels.
  • a connect- folding the panels into a common plane locks them.
  • the locking acts in the plane of the panels against pulling apart in a direction perpendicular to the interlocking profiles.
  • a panel usually lies flat on a laying surface and a new panel is placed at an angle to the lying panel.
  • the new panel is folded into the common level by lowering it onto the laying surface.
  • the undercuts of the groove profile and tongue profile engage behind. This locks the panels.
  • the positive-locking profiles are ground in one another for a long time by a subsequent back and forth swiveling movement until the groove profile and tongue profile fit.
  • the panels are connected in an articulated manner, that is to say the tongue profile is mounted in the groove profile in a manner similar to an articulated body, which forms a type of socket. As a result, the panels can be pivoted from an angular position of 180 ° to one another both in the positive and in the negative direction.
  • the articulation of the joints enables a particularly good reciprocating grinding movement.
  • they Before the final laying of the panels on the installation base, they can be loosely put together on a table, for example, to determine the extent to which they have to be sanded in so that a precise fit is achieved.
  • accuracy of fit can be checked at the free end of the locked panel surface because the connection of the form-fitting profiles is visible from the side. It can be seen whether the positive locking profiles are deformed.
  • a measurement of the total thickness of the locked panels in the area of the connected panels can be carried out, for example Form-fit profiles are made. If the total thickness exceeds a specified limit, the grinding-in process must be continued.
  • the elevations and depressions are preferably provided on the tongue profile and the groove profile has a smooth surface.
  • the smooth surface of the groove profile is in contact with the elevations of the tongue profile in the form-fitted state.
  • the elevations and depressions are expediently arranged on a spring underside of the spring profile, which faces a laying substrate. In this way, the shape of the profile is adapted to the desired function. Because a panel is attached to the groove profile of a lying panel by slanting a tongue profile, the construction makes use of this joining movement to grind and adjust the elevations. Both in the subject matter of claim 1 and in the development with elevations and depressions on a spring underside, an adjustment of the fit dimensions and the fit of the form-fitting profiles takes place during assembly.
  • the form-fitting profile with the elevations has a “more” material.
  • there is an excess before joining During the joining process, material is ground off from the elevations and the excess is eliminated a connection that has neither an excess nor a play.
  • the form-fitting profiles have been precisely adapted to ensure a closed joint.
  • the stiffness of the form-fitting profiles and the abrasion resistance of the elevations are expediently coordinated with one another in such a way that forces generated during During assembly, abrasion of the elevations can be achieved, but there is no elastic deformation of the interlocking profiles.
  • the elevations and depressions on the interlocking profile or profiles can be designed as a microstructure which is incorporated in the surface of the interlocking profiles.
  • a further advantage is provided by a sealant and lubricant, which is provided at least in the recesses. The lubricating effect makes it easier to join the panels together using a rotating joining movement.
  • the elevations on the interlocking profile can be grinded better by wetting than in the dry state.
  • the elevations can break off when dry. Lubrication prevents breakage.
  • FIG. 3 shows an advanced joining process compared to FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 6 the positive locking profiles shown in FIG. 4 with lubricant.
  • Figure 1 shows a detail of two panels
  • each of the panels 1 and 2 has positive locking profiles on opposite sides, which are milled in one piece on the panel (s).
  • the form-fitting profiles are a groove profile 3 with an undercut and a tongue profile 4 with an undercut.
  • Each of the panels 1 and 2 has a respective complementary profile on opposite edges.
  • the panel 1 is thus equipped with a complementary tongue profile on the edge opposite its groove profile 3 and likewise the panel 2 with the tongue profile 4 on the edge opposite the tongue profile 4 with a complementary tongue profile.
  • Panels 1 and 2 are rectangular. These complementary profiles are also provided for the other two edges of the panels.
  • the positive locking profiles 3 and 4 are shown before joining.
  • Panel 1 lies on an installation base V.
  • the panels are coated.
  • a decorative coating of several layers is arranged on an upper side A of the panels facing away from the laying substrate V in the installed state.
  • An underside B opposite the upper side is provided with a counteracting layer.
  • the spring profile 4 of the panel 2 has a spring underside 4a with elevations 5, 6 and 7 and depressions 8 and 9.
  • the spring underside 4a is in the assembled state of the panels 1 and
  • the groove profile 3 of the panel 1 has a lower groove wall 10 facing the laying substrate V and an upper groove wall 11.
  • the lower groove wall 10 has a channel-shaped receptacle 10a on its inside.
  • the channel-shaped receptacle 10a receives the spring underside 4a of the panel 1 in the assembled state.
  • the trough-shaped receptacle 10a is provided with a concavely curved surface, which is designed without elevations and depressions.
  • the complementary design of the interlocking profiles relates to the basic shapes of groove profile 3 as outer part and tongue profile 4 as inner part, which fit into one another.
  • the elevations 5, 6 and 7 and the depressions 8 and 9 on the spring underside 4a are not designed as a negative shape in the groove-shaped receptacle 10a of the groove profile. Despite these deviations between the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4, these are referred to as complementary form-fitting profiles in the sense of the invention.
  • the free end of the groove wall 10 protrudes further from the edge of the panel 1 than the upper groove wall 11.
  • the free end of the upper groove wall 11 protrudes from the edge of the panel approximately as far as the lowest point of the groove-shaped receptacle 10a.
  • the lowest point of the trough-shaped receptacle 10a is the point which, perpendicular to the plane of the panel, has the smallest distance from the underside B of the panel 1.
  • the upper groove wall 11 has a bevel 11a on its inside. Because of the bevel, the thickness of the upper groove wall decreases from its free end to the groove base of the groove 3.
  • Elevations 5, 6 and 7 shown on the tongue underside 4a of the tongue profile 4 in relation to the shape and the dimensions of the groove profile 3 have an oversize.
  • the connection of the tongue profile 4 with the groove profile 3 of the panel 1 forms a joint G in the assembled state.
  • the joint G permits the panels 1 and 2 to move angularly relative to one another.
  • the panels 1 and 2 are at an angle of 180 ° to one another. From this basic position, the panels 1 and 2 can be pivoted into a position with an angle greater than 180 ° relative to one another, as well as in a position with an angle less than 180 °.
  • a position of the panels 1 and 2 at an angle greater than 180 ° to one another is described below with reference to FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows how the form-fitting profiles are joined together.
  • a panel 1 lies on the laying substrate V and with its groove profile 3 faces a new panel 2.
  • the new panel 2 is inserted with its tongue profile 4 into the groove profile 3 of the lying panel 1, the new panel 2 being inclined or angled with respect to the lying panel 1.
  • a first elevation 5 of the tongue underside 4a of the panel 2 comes into contact with the lower groove wall 10 of the groove profile 3.
  • the tip of the elevation 5 rubs against the surface of the trough-shaped recess 10a and grinds against it.
  • the resulting abrasion particles 5a get into the recess 8 and are carried in this during the further joint movement.
  • Figure 3 shows the joining process in a further stage.
  • a second elevation 6 has come into contact with the surface of the trough-shaped recess 10a and grinds thereon.
  • the resulting abrasion particles 6a are stored in the recess 9, which is arranged behind the second elevation 6 in the direction of joining of the spring profile 4.
  • the shape of the spring profile 4 adapts to the shape of the during assembly
  • FIG. 4 The fully assembled state of the positive locking profiles 3 and 4 is shown in FIG. 4.
  • a third elevation 7 has also come into contact with the surface of the trough-shaped recess 10a of the groove wall 10 and has been ground down on the latter.
  • the resulting abrasion particles 7a are located in an intermediate space between the lower groove wall 10 of the groove profile 3 and the tongue profile 4.
  • a closed joint F is formed on the upper side A of the panels facing away from the installation base V.
  • the joint F is defined by an end face 11b of the upper groove Wall 11 of the groove profile 3 is formed and by a contact surface 12 provided on the tongue profile 4, which extends from the tongue top 4b to the surface of the panel 2. In this state, the end face 11b bears against the contact face 12 without pressure.
  • the inner part - tongue profile 4 - of the panel 2 fits without play into the outer part - groove profile 3 - of the neighboring panel 1. There is no elastic deformation that is stressful for the form-fitting profiles.
  • the peculiarity of the construction lies in the fact that the relationship of the fits of the form-fit profiles to be joined changes during the assembly process.
  • the fit of the tongue profile 4 is matched to the fit of the groove profile 3.
  • the groove profile can also be formed with elevations and depressions that grind off. It is irrelevant for the function of the connection at which point the adaptation takes place by grinding material.
  • the number of surveys is not limited to three.
  • a microstructure can be provided from a multiplicity of elevations which are significantly smaller than that of the exemplary embodiment explained.
  • a “more” material is provided in the area of the elevations 5, 6 and 7 of the spring profile 4. This excess is ground off during the assembly of the positive-locking profiles until the fit of the inner part is matched to the fit of the outer part.
  • the rigidity of the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4 and the abrasion resistance of the elevations 5, 6 and 7 are coordinated with one another in such a way that the elevations 5, 6 and 7 can be rubbed off by forces which occur during assembly, but none elastic deformation of the interlocking profiles 3 or 4.
  • the positive-locking profiles 3 and 4 must be ground in on one another by a subsequent back-and-forth pivoting movement until Fit is achieved. It is also helpful for this that the panels 1 and 2 are connected in an articulated manner and can be pivoted from an angular position of 180 ° to one another both in the positive and in the negative direction.
  • the joint G and its mobility is illustrated in FIG. 5, in which the panels 1 and 2 are at an angle to one another which is greater than 180 °. This enables a particularly good back and forth grinding movement.
  • the panels 1 and 2 on the laying base V Before the final laying of the panels 1 and 2 on the laying base V, they can be loosely put together on a table, for example, in order to determine the extent to which they have to be ground in so that a precise fit is achieved. During installation, the accuracy of fit can be checked at the free end of the locked panel surface. There the connection of the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4 is visible from the side. It can be seen whether the positive locking profiles 3 and 4 are deformed. To objectively check whether there is any deformation, a measurement of the total thickness of the panels 1 and 2 in the area of the connected form-fitting profiles 3 and 4 can be carried out, for example. If the total thickness exceeds a predetermined limit, the grinding-in process must be continued.
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of panels 1 and 2, the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4 of which are treated with a so-called insulating wax. It is a means that causes lubrication for the joining movement of the positive locking profiles 3 and 4. In addition, the insulating wax is squeezed into free spaces 13a, 13b and 13c within the locked form-fitting profiles 3 and 4 and, for example, as thinner
  • the insulating wax acts as a sealant.
  • the sealant is applied in an amount that at least partially coats the surface of the interlocking profiles. This prevents the penetration of moisture into the joint F and thus into the wood-based material. The wood-based material would otherwise swell due to moisture absorption.
  • the amount of insulating wax can fill the spaces 13a, 13b and 13c or be dosed a little less so that there is free space. Due to its lubricating properties, it also prevents creaking noises in the area of the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4 of the panels 1 and 2 because a lubricating film is formed.
  • Creaking noises occur with panels 1 and 2 when there is a relative movement between the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4. This is the case, for example, when laying floor panels on a resilient underlay that absorbs impact sound, because panels 1 and 2 sink into the resilient underlay when the connection point is loaded.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a panel (1, 2) comprising a four-sided plate made of coated wood material, whereby opposite edges of the panel (1, 2) have complimentary form-fitting profiles (3, 4), such that similar panels (1, 2) can be connected together. The surface of at least one of the form-fitting profiles (3, 4), at least in certain areas, is provided with projections (5, 6, 7) and recesses (8, 9). The projections (5, 6, 7) can be sanded down by friction during the mounting of second panels (1, 2). The recesses (8, 9) have a volume wherein the sanded particles (5a, 6a, 7a) arising from the projections (5, 6, 7) can be received.

Description

Paneel mit VerriegelυngsSystem Panel with locking system
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Paneel aus einer viereckigen Platte aus beschichtetem Holzwerkstoff- wobei gegenüberliegende Kanten des Paneels zueinander komplementäre Formschlussprofile aufweisen, so dass gleichartige Paneele zusammenfügbar sind.The invention relates to a panel made of a square plate made of coated wood-based material, wherein opposite edges of the panel have mutually complementary positive-locking profiles, so that similar panels can be joined together.
Gattungsgemäße Paneele werden beispielsweise zur Herstellung von Fußbodenbelägen verwendet, sogenannte Laminatpaneele. Ebenso können derartige Paneele als Wand- oder Deckenpaneele konzipiert sein. Überwiegend bestehen die Paneele aus mitteldichten Faserplatten (MDF) oder aus hochverdichteten Faserplatten (HDF) , auf die weitere Schichten, meist harzimprägnierte Zellu- loseschichten, auflaminiert sind. Häufig sind die Formschlussprofile einstückig an den Paneelen ausgebildet, beispielsweise angefräst. In der Regel sind die Paneele rechteckig ausgebildet mit zwei langen Kanten, die sich gegenüberliegen sowie mit zwei kurzen Kanten, die sich gegenüberliegen.Generic panels are used, for example, for the production of floor coverings, so-called laminate panels. Such panels can also be designed as wall or ceiling panels. The panels predominantly consist of medium-density fiberboard (MDF) or of high-density fiberboard (HDF), onto which other layers, mostly resin-impregnated cellulose layers, are laminated. Often, the positive locking profiles are formed in one piece on the panels, for example milled. As a rule, the panels are rectangular with two long edges that lie opposite one another and with two short edges that lie opposite one another.
Die Dicke der Laminatpaneele ist meist geringer als die Dicke von Parkettpaneelen. Übliche Dicken liegen in einem Bereich zwischen 5 mm und 8 mm. Dünnere oder dickere Laminatpaneele sind selten. Parkettpaneele werden allerdings inzwischen auch mit Formschlussprofilen ausgerüstet. Daher können die Formschlussprofile des vorgeschlagenen neuen Paneels auch an Parkettpaneelen vorgesehen sein.The thickness of the laminate panels is usually less than the thickness of parquet panels. Usual thicknesses are in a range between 5 mm and 8 mm. Thinner or thicker laminate panels are rare. However, parquet panels are now also equipped with form-fitting profiles. Therefore, the positive locking profiles of the proposed new panel can also be provided on parquet panels.
Die komplementären Formschlussprofile des eines Paneels sind durch die Dicke des Paneels begrenzt und recht klein. Sie müs- sen sehr form- und passgenau gefertigt sein, damit sie ineinander passen. Hohe Passgenauigkeit der komplementären Form- Schlussprofile ist eine wichtige Forderung, um insbesondere eine geschlossene Fuge auf einer Oberseite der verriegelten Paneele zu gewährleisten, weil die Oberfläche für den Benutzer eines fertigen Fußbodenbelags sichtbar ist. Besonders für Fuß- böden ist gewünscht, eine glatte Oberfläche zu erhalten, bei der die Fugen zwischen den Paneelen keine Lücken bilden, sondern die Kanten dicht gegeneinander gestoßen sind und Kontakt haben .The complementary form-fitting profiles of a panel are limited by the thickness of the panel and are quite small. They have to be made with a very good shape and fit so that they fit together. High fit of the complementary shape End profiles are an important requirement, in particular to ensure a closed joint on an upper side of the locked panels, because the surface is visible to the user of a finished floor covering. For floors in particular, it is desirable to have a smooth surface in which the joints between the panels do not form gaps, but the edges are butted against each other and are in contact.
Bei nahezu allen Paneelen mit Formschlussprofilen kann eines der komplementären Formschlussprofile als Innenteil und das zugeordnete Profil als Außenteil angesehen werden. Die Beziehung eines Außenteils zu einem zugehörigen Innenteil vor dem Fügen der Teile wird als Passung bezeichnet. Sowohl das Außenteil als auch das Innenteil weisen bestimmte Nennmaße auf, wobei für jedes Nennmaß Toleranzen zugelassen sind. Jedes Formschlussprofil, dessen Istmaß innerhalb der Toleranz liegt ist brauchbar. Passungen sind nach einer Systematik in drei unterschiedliche Arten eingeteilt: Spielpassung, Presspassung und Übergangspas- sung. Die Unterteilung basiert stets auf der maßlichen Beziehung des Außenteils mit seiner Toleranz zu dem Innenteil mit seiner Toleranz vor dem Fügen beider Teile.In almost all panels with form-fitting profiles, one of the complementary form-fitting profiles can be viewed as the inner part and the associated profile as the outer part. The relationship of an outer part to an associated inner part before joining the parts is called a fit. Both the outer part and the inner part have certain nominal dimensions, tolerances being permitted for each nominal dimension. Any form-fit profile whose actual dimensions are within tolerance can be used. Fits are classified into three different types according to a system: match fit, press fit and transition fit. The subdivision is always based on the dimensional relationship of the outer part with its tolerance to the inner part with its tolerance before the joining of both parts.
Bei einer Spielpassung liegen die Toleranzen selbst im ungüns- tigsten Fall so, dass auf jeden Fall nach dem Fügen ein Spiel zwischen dem Außenteil und dem Innenteil vorliegt.In the case of a clearance fit, even in the worst case, the tolerances are such that there is definitely a clearance between the outer part and the inner part after the joining.
Bei einer Presspassung liegen die Toleranzen so, dass auf jeden Fall nach dem Fügen ein Übermaß zwischen dem Außenteil und dem Innenteil vorliegt und es somit zu einer elastischen Verformung der Fügeteile kommen muss.In the case of a press fit, the tolerances are such that there is in any case an oversize between the outer part and the inner part after the joining and therefore there must be an elastic deformation of the joining parts.
Als Übergangspassung wird es bezeichnet, wenn die Toleranzbereiche, die für das Außenteil und das Innenteil zugelassen sind, sich teilweise überschneiden. Ohne Kenntnis der genauen Istmaße von Außenteil und Innenteil kann die Kombination eines Außenteils, das innerhalb seiner Toleranz liegt mit einem Innenteil, das ebenfalls innerhalb seiner Toleranz liegt, im zusammengefügten Zustand entweder ein Spiel ergeben oder ein Ü- bermaß oder im Idealfall einen exakten Sitz, der weder Spiel aufweist noch Übermaß.It is called a transition fit if the tolerance ranges that are permitted for the outer part and the inner part partially overlap. Without knowing the exact actual dimensions of the outer part and inner part, the combination of one The outer part, which lies within its tolerance, with an inner part, which also lies within its tolerance, in the assembled state either result in a play or an oversize or, ideally, an exact fit which has neither play nor excess.
Um für Paneele stets eine geschlossene Fuge auf der im verlegten Zustand sichtbaren Oberseite der Paneele zu erhalten, ist es aus der WO 97/47834 bekannt, an einem Formschlussprofil eine elastische Verformung zu bewirken, die eine Vorspannung der Paneele erzeugt. Mittels dieser Vorspannung werden die Paneele aufeinander zu gezwängt und auf diese Weise die Fuge an der 0- berseite der Paneele geschlossen gehalten. Bei dem aus der WO 97/47834 bekannten Paneel handelt es sich um ein modifiziertes Nut- und Federpaneel, wobei Feder und Nut jeweils hinterschnitten sind. Durch die Geometrie der Formschlussprofile wird eine elastische Verformung an einer der Nutwände, nämlich der im verlegten Zustand dem Verlegeuntergrund zugewandten unteren Nutwand, hervorgerufen. Die verformte untere Nutwand biegt sich, wie ein einseitig eingespannter Balken. Im montierten Zustand zweier Paneele bleibt die Durchbiegung der Nutwand zumindest teilweise erhalten. Durch eine Federelastizität der unteren Nutwand sowie durch eine besondere Geometrie von Nutwand und Feder, bei der aufeinander liegende schräge Ebenen wirken, wird die Geschlossenheit der Fuge erreicht.In order to always obtain a closed joint for the panels on the upper side of the panels, which is visible in the installed state, it is known from WO 97/47834 to bring about an elastic deformation on a form-fitting profile, which produces a prestressing of the panels. By means of this prestressing, the panels are forced towards one another and in this way the joint on the 0- top side of the panels is kept closed. The panel known from WO 97/47834 is a modified tongue and groove panel, tongue and groove being undercut in each case. The geometry of the interlocking profiles causes elastic deformation on one of the groove walls, namely the lower groove wall facing the laying substrate in the installed state. The deformed lower groove wall bends like a beam clamped on one side. When two panels are installed, the deflection of the groove wall is at least partially preserved. Due to the elasticity of the lower groove wall as well as the special geometry of the groove wall and tongue, in which inclined planes act on one another, the joint is closed.
Nachteiligerweise wird nach der Lehre der WO 97/47834 der innere Zusammenhalt des Holzwerkstoffs durch die permanente Durchbiegung geschwächt. Je höher der Verformungsgrad, desto „wei- eher" wird der Holzwerkstoff in dem biegeverformten Bereich. Ein weiterer Nachteil wird darin gesehen, dass bei Beanspruchung über einen langen Zeitraum eine Relaxation des Holzwerkstoffs in dem biegeverformten Bereich eintritt. Eine Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme des Holzwerkstoffs begünstigt die Relaxation e- benso, wie eine Wärmeeinwirkung. Zwar werden Formschlussprofile von Paneelen üblicherweise mit Mitteln imprägniert, die eine Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme verhindern sollen, je nach Qualität der Imprägnierung und Art und Ort der Anwendung des Paneels ist jedoch eine allmähliche Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme nicht zu verhindern .According to the teaching of WO 97/47834, the internal cohesion of the wood material is disadvantageously weakened by the permanent deflection. The higher the degree of deformation, the "more" the wood material becomes in the area deformed by bending. Another disadvantage is seen in that the wood material relaxes in the area deformed by bending over a long period of time. Moisture absorption of the wood material promotes relaxation The same applies to the effect of heat, although the form-fitting profiles of panels are usually impregnated with agents that do not Prevent moisture absorption, but depending on the quality of the impregnation and the type and location of the panel application, a gradual moisture absorption cannot be prevented.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Paneel vorzuschlagen, dessen Formschlussprofile so gestaltet sind, dass Paneele im zusammengefügten Zustand geschlossene Fugen aufweisen ohne gleichzeitig eine holzwerkstoffstrapazierende elastische Verformung eines Formschlussprofils zu erzeugen.The invention is based on the object of proposing a panel whose form-fitting profiles are designed such that, in the assembled state, panels have closed joints without at the same time producing an elastic deformation of a form-fitting profile which is stressed by the wood-based material.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Oberfläche der Formschlussprofile zumindest bereichsweise Erhebungen und Vertiefungen aufweist, dass die Erhebungen während ei- ner Montage zweier Paneele durch Reibung abschleif ar sind, und dass die Vertiefungen ein Volumen aufweisen, in dem entstehende Abriebpartikel von den Erhebungen aufnehmbar sind.According to the invention, the object is achieved in that the surface of the interlocking profiles has elevations and depressions at least in some areas, that the elevations are abraded by friction during assembly of two panels, and that the depressions have a volume in which the abrasion particles from the elevations arise are recordable.
Bei dem Fügevorgang werden die Erhebungen auf das benötigte Maß abgeschliffen. An der Oberseite der Paneele bildet sich eine geschlossene Fuge. Ferner wird ein gleichmäßiges Höhenniveau ohne Höhenversatz an der Fuge erreicht.During the joining process, the elevations are ground to the required size. A closed joint forms at the top of the panels. In addition, a uniform height level is achieved without a height offset at the joint.
Durch Wärmeeinwirkung können sich die Formschlussprofile ver- größern oder wegen Feuchtigkeitseinwirkung aufquellen. Durch einen bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch, nämlich auf einer weichen trittschalldämmenden Unterlage, setzt sich in diesen Fällen das Abschleifen der Erhebungen fort. Es erfolgt eine erneute An- gleichung der Passform der Formschlussprofile und als Ergebnis ein passender Sitz ohne Übermaß und ohne Spiel.The positive locking profiles can enlarge or swell due to exposure to moisture. In these cases, the bumps continue to be abraded through proper use, namely on a soft footfall sound-absorbing surface. The fit of the form-fitting profiles is adjusted again and, as a result, a suitable seat without oversize and without play.
Günstigerweise ist eines der Formschlussprofile als Nutprofil mit Hinterschneidung und das gegenüberliegende Formschlussprofil als Federprofil mit Hinterschneidung ausgebildet. Die Hin- terschneidungen von Federprofil und Nutprofil lassen sich durch Schrägstellung der Paneele ineinander stecken. Ein anschließen- des Klappen der Paneele in eine gemeinsame Ebene verriegelt diese. Die Verriegelung wirkt in der Ebene der Paneele gegen Auseinanderziehen in einer Richtung senkrecht zu den Formschlussprofilen. Während der Verlegung liegt üblicherweise ein Paneel flach auf einem Verlegeuntergrund und wird ein neues Paneel schräg an das liegende Paneel angesetzt. Das Klappen des neuen Paneels in die gemeinsame Ebene erfolgt durch Herabsenken desselben auf den Verlegeuntergrund. Die Hinterschneidungen von Nutprofil und Federprofil hintergreifen sich. Dadurch sind die Paneele verriegelt.One of the form-fitting profiles is expediently designed as a groove profile with an undercut and the opposite form-fitting profile as a tongue profile with an undercut. The undercuts of the tongue and groove profiles can be inserted into one another by tilting the panels. A connect- folding the panels into a common plane locks them. The locking acts in the plane of the panels against pulling apart in a direction perpendicular to the interlocking profiles. During the laying process, a panel usually lies flat on a laying surface and a new panel is placed at an angle to the lying panel. The new panel is folded into the common level by lowering it onto the laying surface. The undercuts of the groove profile and tongue profile engage behind. This locks the panels.
Falls das Abschleifen der Erhebungen durch den Fügevorgang nicht ausreicht, dass heißt, wenn durch die Fügebewegung des Herabschwenkens eines neuen Paneels in die Ebene des liegenden Paneels zu wenig Material abgeschliffen ist, werden die Formschlussprofile durch eine anschließende hin- und hergehende Schwenkbewegung so lange aufeinander eingeschliffen, bis Passgenauigkeit von Nutprofil und Federprofil erreicht ist. Hierfür ist es außerdem hilfreich, wenn die Paneele gelenkig verbunden sind, dass heißt das Federprofil, ähnlich einem Gelenkkörper in dem Nutprofil gelagert ist, welches eine Art Gelenkpfanne bildet. Dadurch können die Paneele aus einer Winkelposition von 180° zueinander sowohl in positiver als auch in negativer Richtung verschwenkt werden. Die Gelenkbeweglichkeit ermöglicht ei- ne besonders gute hin- und hergehende Schleifbewegung. Vor der endgültigen Verlegung der Paneele auf dem Verlegeuntergrund können diese beispielsweise lose auf einem Tisch zusammengefügt werden, um zu ermitteln, in welchem Maße eingeschliffen werden muss, damit Passgenauigkeit erreicht wird. Während der Verle- gung kann Passgenauigkeit an dem jeweils freien Ende der verriegelten Paneelfläche kontrolliert werden, weil dort die Verbindung der Formschlussprofile von der Seite her sichtbar ist. Es kann in Augenschein genommen werden, ob eine Verformung der Formschlussprofile vorliegt. Zur objektiven Prüfung, ob eine Verformung vorliegt, kann beispielsweise eine Messung der Gesamtdicke der verriegelten Paneele im Bereich der verbundenen Formschlussprofile vorgenommen werden. Überschreitet die Gesamtdicke ein vorgegebenes Grenzmaß, so muss der EinschleifVorgang fortgesetzt werden.If the grinding of the elevations by the joining process is not sufficient, i.e. if too little material is ground off due to the joining movement of the swiveling down of a new panel into the plane of the lying panel, the positive-locking profiles are ground in one another for a long time by a subsequent back and forth swiveling movement until the groove profile and tongue profile fit. For this purpose, it is also helpful if the panels are connected in an articulated manner, that is to say the tongue profile is mounted in the groove profile in a manner similar to an articulated body, which forms a type of socket. As a result, the panels can be pivoted from an angular position of 180 ° to one another both in the positive and in the negative direction. The articulation of the joints enables a particularly good reciprocating grinding movement. Before the final laying of the panels on the installation base, they can be loosely put together on a table, for example, to determine the extent to which they have to be sanded in so that a precise fit is achieved. During installation, accuracy of fit can be checked at the free end of the locked panel surface because the connection of the form-fitting profiles is visible from the side. It can be seen whether the positive locking profiles are deformed. For an objective check of whether there is any deformation, a measurement of the total thickness of the locked panels in the area of the connected panels can be carried out, for example Form-fit profiles are made. If the total thickness exceeds a specified limit, the grinding-in process must be continued.
Bevorzugt sind die Erhebungen und Vertiefungen an dem Federprofil vorgesehen und weist das Nutprofil eine glatte Oberfläche auf. Die glatte Oberfläche des Nutprofils steht im formschlüssig montierten Zustand mit den Erhebungen des Federprofils in Kontakt. Günstigerweise sind die Erhebungen und Vertiefungen an einer Federunterseite des Federprofils angeordnet, die einem Verlegeuntergrund zugewandt ist. Auf diese Weise ist die Form des Profils angepasst an die erwünschte Funktion. Weil ein Paneel durch schräges Ansetzen eines Federprofils an das Nutprofil eines liegenden Paneels gefügt wird, macht sich die Kon- struktion diese Fügebewegung zum Abschleifen und Anpassungen der Erhebungen zunutze. Sowohl bei dem Gegenstand nach Anspruch 1 als auch bei der Weiterbildung mit Erhebungen und Vertiefungen an einer Federunterseite erfolgt während der Montage eine Anpassung der Passmaße und der Passform der Formschlussprofile. Im Zustand vor dem Fügen weist beispielsweise das Formschlussprofil mit den Erhebungen ein „mehr" an Material auf. In Beziehung zu dem komplementären Formschlussprofil liegt vor dem Fügen ein Übermaß vor. Während des Fügevorganges wird von den Erhebungen Material abgeschliffen und das Übermaß beseitigt. Es entsteht dabei eine Verbindung, bei der weder ein Übermaß noch ein Spiel vorliegt. Vielmehr ist eine exakte Anpassung der Formschlussprofile erfolgt, die eine geschlossene Fuge gewährleistet. Die Steifigkeit der Formschlussprofile sowie die Abriebfestigkeit der Erhebungen sind zweckmäßig so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass durch Kräfte, die während der Montage auftreten zwar eine Abreibung der Erhebungen erzielbar ist jedoch keine elastische Verformung der Formschlussprofile.The elevations and depressions are preferably provided on the tongue profile and the groove profile has a smooth surface. The smooth surface of the groove profile is in contact with the elevations of the tongue profile in the form-fitted state. The elevations and depressions are expediently arranged on a spring underside of the spring profile, which faces a laying substrate. In this way, the shape of the profile is adapted to the desired function. Because a panel is attached to the groove profile of a lying panel by slanting a tongue profile, the construction makes use of this joining movement to grind and adjust the elevations. Both in the subject matter of claim 1 and in the development with elevations and depressions on a spring underside, an adjustment of the fit dimensions and the fit of the form-fitting profiles takes place during assembly. In the state before joining, for example, the form-fitting profile with the elevations has a “more” material. In relation to the complementary form-fitting profile, there is an excess before joining. During the joining process, material is ground off from the elevations and the excess is eliminated a connection that has neither an excess nor a play. Instead, the form-fitting profiles have been precisely adapted to ensure a closed joint. The stiffness of the form-fitting profiles and the abrasion resistance of the elevations are expediently coordinated with one another in such a way that forces generated during During assembly, abrasion of the elevations can be achieved, but there is no elastic deformation of the interlocking profiles.
Die Erhebungen und Vertiefungen an dem oder den Formschlusspro- filen können als MikroStruktur ausgestaltet sein, die in der Oberfläche der Formschlussprofile eingearbeitet ist. Einen weiteren Vorteil bietet ein Dicht- und Schmiermittel, das zumindest in den Vertiefungen vorgesehen ist. Durch die Schmierwirkung wird das Zusammenfügen der Paneele per drehender Fügebewegung erleichtert.The elevations and depressions on the interlocking profile or profiles can be designed as a microstructure which is incorporated in the surface of the interlocking profiles. A further advantage is provided by a sealant and lubricant, which is provided at least in the recesses. The lubricating effect makes it easier to join the panels together using a rotating joining movement.
Ferner sind die Erhebungen an dem Formschlussprofil durch die Benetzung besser abschleifbar als im trockenen Zustand. Im trockenen Zustand können die Erhebungen abbrechen. Durch die Schmierung wird das Brechen verhindert.Furthermore, the elevations on the interlocking profile can be grinded better by wetting than in the dry state. The elevations can break off when dry. Lubrication prevents breakage.
Die Abschleiffähigkeit der Erhebungen hängt wesentlich von deren Form ab. Eine breite Erhebung ist weniger gefährdet während der Montage abzubrechen als eine schmale Erhebung. Bei einer schmalen Erhebung ist jedoch günstigerweise weniger Material vorhanden, das zwecks genauer Passform abgeschliffen werden muss. Zusammen mit einem Schmiermittel erweisen sich schmale Erhebungen als zweckmäßig, weil eine einfache Anpassung ohne Abbrechen der Erhebungen möglich ist.The ability of the surveys to be ground depends largely on their shape. A wide elevation is less at risk of breaking off during assembly than a narrow elevation. In the case of a narrow elevation, however, there is advantageously less material which has to be ground down for a precise fit. Together with a lubricant, narrow elevations prove to be useful because simple adjustment is possible without breaking off the elevations.
Nachstehend ist die Erfindung in einer Zeichnung beispielhaft dargestellt und anhand der Figuren detailliert beschrieben. Es zeigen:The invention is illustrated by way of example below in a drawing and described in detail with reference to the figures. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine ausschnittsweise Darstellungen komplementärer Formschlussprofile zweier Paneele vor dem Fügen,1 is a fragmentary representations of complementary form-fitting profiles of two panels before joining,
Fig. 2 den Beginn eines Fügevorganges der Formschlussprofile gemäß Figur 1,2 the beginning of a joining process of the positive locking profiles according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3 einen gegenüber Figur 2 fortgeschrittenen Fügevorgang.3 shows an advanced joining process compared to FIG. 2.
Fig. 4 eine ausschnittsweise Vergrößerung zweier verriegel- ter Formschlussprofile, Fig. 5 zwei Formschlussprofile gelenkig verschwenkt,4 is a partial enlargement of two locked positive locking profiles, 5 pivotally pivoted two positive locking profiles,
Fig. 6 die Formschlussprofile gemäß Fig. 4 mit Schmiermittel.Fig. 6, the positive locking profiles shown in FIG. 4 with lubricant.
Figur 1 zeigt eine ausschnittsweise Darstellung zweier PaneeleFigure 1 shows a detail of two panels
1 und 2 aus einer beschichteten Platte aus Holzwerkstoff. Jedes der Paneele 1 und 2 weist an gegenüberliegenden Seiten Formschlussprofile auf, die einstückig an der/den Platte (n) ange- fräst sind. Bei den Formschlussprofilen handelt es sich um ein Nutprofil 3 mit Hinterschneidung sowie ein Federprofil 4 mit Hinterschneidung. Jedes der Paneele 1 und 2 weist an gegenüberliegenden Kanten ein jeweiliges Komplementärprofil auf. Das Paneel 1 ist somit an der seinem Nutprofil 3 gegenüberliegenden Kante mit einem komplementären Federprofil ausgestattet und gleichermaßen das Paneel 2 mit dem Federprofil 4 an der dem Federprofil 4 gegenüberliegenden Kante mit einem komplementären Nutprofil. Die Paneele 1 und 2 sind rechteckig. Für die übrigen beiden Kanten der Paneele sind ebenfalls dieserlei Komplemen- tärprofile vorgesehen. In Figur 1 sind die Formschlussprofile 3 und 4 vor dem Fügen dargestellt. Paneel 1 liegt auf einem Verlegeuntergrund V. Die Paneele sind beschichtet. An einer im verlegten Zustand dem Verlegeuntergrund V abgewandten Oberseite A der Paneele ist jeweils eine dekorative Beschichtung aus meh- reren Lagen angeordnet. Eine der Oberseite gegenüberliegende Unterseite B ist mit einer Gegenzugschicht versehen.1 and 2 from a coated panel made of wood-based material. Each of the panels 1 and 2 has positive locking profiles on opposite sides, which are milled in one piece on the panel (s). The form-fitting profiles are a groove profile 3 with an undercut and a tongue profile 4 with an undercut. Each of the panels 1 and 2 has a respective complementary profile on opposite edges. The panel 1 is thus equipped with a complementary tongue profile on the edge opposite its groove profile 3 and likewise the panel 2 with the tongue profile 4 on the edge opposite the tongue profile 4 with a complementary tongue profile. Panels 1 and 2 are rectangular. These complementary profiles are also provided for the other two edges of the panels. In Figure 1, the positive locking profiles 3 and 4 are shown before joining. Panel 1 lies on an installation base V. The panels are coated. A decorative coating of several layers is arranged on an upper side A of the panels facing away from the laying substrate V in the installed state. An underside B opposite the upper side is provided with a counteracting layer.
Das Federprofil 4 des Paneels 2 weist eine Federunterseite 4a mit Erhebungen 5, 6 und 7 sowie Vertiefungen 8 und 9 auf. Die Federunterseite 4a ist im montierten Zustand der Paneele 1 undThe spring profile 4 of the panel 2 has a spring underside 4a with elevations 5, 6 and 7 and depressions 8 and 9. The spring underside 4a is in the assembled state of the panels 1 and
2 dem Verlegeuntergrund V zugewandt. Das Nutprofil 3 des Paneels 1 weist dem Verlegeuntergrund V zugewandt eine untere Nutwand 10 auf sowie eine obere Nutwand 11. Die untere Nutwand 10 weist auf ihrer Innenseite eine rinnenförmigen Aufnahme 10a auf. Die rinnenförmige Aufnahme 10a nimmt im montierten Zustand die Federunterseite 4a des Paneels 1 auf. Die rinnenformige Aufnahme 10a ist mit einer konkav gewölbten Oberflache versehen, die ohne Erhebungen und Vertiefungen ausgebildet ist. Die komplementäre Ausbildung der Formschlusspro- file bezieht sich auf die Grundformen von Nutprofil 3 als Außenteil und Federprofils 4 als Innenteil, die ineinander passen. Die Erhebungen 5, 6 und 7 sowie die Vertiefungen 8 und 9 an der Federunterseite 4a sind nicht als Negativform in der rinnenformigen Aufnahme 10a des Nutprofils ausgebildet. Trotz dieser Abweichungen zwischen den Formschlussprofilen 3 und 4 werden diese im Sinne der Erfindung als komplementäre Formschlussprofile bezeichnet.2 facing the laying surface V. The groove profile 3 of the panel 1 has a lower groove wall 10 facing the laying substrate V and an upper groove wall 11. The lower groove wall 10 has a channel-shaped receptacle 10a on its inside. The channel-shaped receptacle 10a receives the spring underside 4a of the panel 1 in the assembled state. The trough-shaped receptacle 10a is provided with a concavely curved surface, which is designed without elevations and depressions. The complementary design of the interlocking profiles relates to the basic shapes of groove profile 3 as outer part and tongue profile 4 as inner part, which fit into one another. The elevations 5, 6 and 7 and the depressions 8 and 9 on the spring underside 4a are not designed as a negative shape in the groove-shaped receptacle 10a of the groove profile. Despite these deviations between the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4, these are referred to as complementary form-fitting profiles in the sense of the invention.
Das freie Ende der Nutwand 10 ragt weiter von der Kante des Pa- neels 1 hervor, als die obere Nutwand 11. Das freie Ende der oberen Nutwand 11 ragt von der Kante des Paneels etwa soweit hervor, wie der tiefste Punkt der rinnenformigen Aufnahme 10a. Tiefster Punkt der rinnenformigen Aufnahme 10a ist derjenige Punkt, der senkrecht zur Ebene des Paneels den geringsten Ab- stand zu der Unterseite B des Paneels 1 aufweist. Die obere Nutwand 11 weist auf ihrer Innenseite eine Abschragung 11a auf. Wegen der Abschragung nimmt die Dicke der oberen Nutwand von deren freiem Ende zum Nutgrund der Nut 3 hin ab.The free end of the groove wall 10 protrudes further from the edge of the panel 1 than the upper groove wall 11. The free end of the upper groove wall 11 protrudes from the edge of the panel approximately as far as the lowest point of the groove-shaped receptacle 10a. The lowest point of the trough-shaped receptacle 10a is the point which, perpendicular to the plane of the panel, has the smallest distance from the underside B of the panel 1. The upper groove wall 11 has a bevel 11a on its inside. Because of the bevel, the thickness of the upper groove wall decreases from its free end to the groove base of the groove 3.
Vor dem Fugen der Formschlussprofile 3 und 4 weisen die in Fig.Before joining the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4, the
1 gezeigten Erhebungen 5, 6 und 7 an der Federunterseite 4a des Federprofils 4 in Beziehung zu der Form und den Abmessungen des Nutprofils 3 ein Übermaß auf.Elevations 5, 6 and 7 shown on the tongue underside 4a of the tongue profile 4 in relation to the shape and the dimensions of the groove profile 3 have an oversize.
Die Verbindung des Federprofils 4 mit dem Nutprofil 3 des Paneels 1 bildet im zusammengefugten Zustand ein Gelenk G. Das Gelenk G gestattet eine Winkelbewegung der Paneele 1 und 2 zueinander. In einer Grundposition liegen die Paneele 1 und 2 in einem Winkel von 180° zueinander. Aus dieser Grundposition kon- nen die Paneele 1 und 2 sowohl in eine Position mit einem Winkel großer als 180° zueinander geschwenkt werden, als auch in eine Position mit einem Winkel kleiner als 180°. Eine Position der Paneele 1 und 2 mit einem Winkel großer als 180° zueinander ist nachfolgend anhand der Fig. 5 beschrieben.The connection of the tongue profile 4 with the groove profile 3 of the panel 1 forms a joint G in the assembled state. The joint G permits the panels 1 and 2 to move angularly relative to one another. In a basic position, the panels 1 and 2 are at an angle of 180 ° to one another. From this basic position, the panels 1 and 2 can be pivoted into a position with an angle greater than 180 ° relative to one another, as well as in a position with an angle less than 180 °. A position of the panels 1 and 2 at an angle greater than 180 ° to one another is described below with reference to FIG. 5.
In Figur 2 ist dargestellt, wie die Formschlussprofile ineinander gefugt werden. Ein Paneel 1 liegt auf dem Verlegeuntergrund V und ist mit seinem Nutprofil 3 einem neuen Paneel 2 zugewandt. Das neue Paneel 2 wird mit seinem Federprofil 4 in das Nutprofil 3 des liegenden Paneels 1 eingesteckt, wobei das neue Paneel 2 gegenüber dem liegenden Paneel 1 schräg gestellt, bzw. angewinkelt ist. Gemäß der Darstellung gerat eine erste Erhebung 5 der Federunterseite 4a des Paneels 2 mit der unteren Nutwand 10 des Nutprofils 3 in Kontakt. Dabei reibt sich die Spitze der Erhebung 5 an der Oberflache der rinnenformigen Aus- nehmung 10a und schleift sich daran ab. Entstehende Abriebpar- tikel 5a geraten in die Vertiefung 8 und werden in dieser wahrend der weiteren Fugebewegung mitgefuhrt.FIG. 2 shows how the form-fitting profiles are joined together. A panel 1 lies on the laying substrate V and with its groove profile 3 faces a new panel 2. The new panel 2 is inserted with its tongue profile 4 into the groove profile 3 of the lying panel 1, the new panel 2 being inclined or angled with respect to the lying panel 1. According to the illustration, a first elevation 5 of the tongue underside 4a of the panel 2 comes into contact with the lower groove wall 10 of the groove profile 3. The tip of the elevation 5 rubs against the surface of the trough-shaped recess 10a and grinds against it. The resulting abrasion particles 5a get into the recess 8 and are carried in this during the further joint movement.
Figur 3 zeigt den Fugevorgang in einem weiteren Stadium. Eine zweite Erhebung 6 ist mit der Oberflache der rinnenformigen Ausnehmung 10a in Kontakt geraten und schleift sich an dieser ab. Entstehende Abriebpartikel 6a werden in der Vertiefung 9 gespeichert, die in Fugerichtung des Federprofils 4 hinter der zweiten Erhebung 6 angeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise passt sich wahrend der Montage die Form des Federprofils 4 an die Form desFigure 3 shows the joining process in a further stage. A second elevation 6 has come into contact with the surface of the trough-shaped recess 10a and grinds thereon. The resulting abrasion particles 6a are stored in the recess 9, which is arranged behind the second elevation 6 in the direction of joining of the spring profile 4. In this way, the shape of the spring profile 4 adapts to the shape of the during assembly
Nutprofils 3 an.Groove profile 3.
Der fertig montierte Zustand der Formschlussprofile 3 und 4 ist in Figur 4 dargestellt. Dabei ist auch eine dritte Erhebung 7 mit der Oberflache der rinnenformigen Ausnehmung 10a der Nutwand 10 in Kontakt geraten und an dieser abgeschliffen worden. Dabei entstandene Abriebpartikel 7a befinden sich in einem Zwischenraum zwischen der unteren Nutwand 10 des Nutprofils 3 und dem Federprofll 4. An der dem Verlegeuntergrund V abgewandten Oberseite A der Paneele ist eine geschlossene Fuge F entstanden. Die Fuge F ist durch eine Stirnflache 11b der oberen Nut- wand 11 des Nutprofils 3 gebildet sowie durch eine an dem Federprofil 4 vorgesehene Kontaktfläche 12, die sich von der Federoberseite 4b bis zur Oberfläche des Paneels 2 erstreckt. In dem Zustand liegt die Stirnfläche 11b ohne Druck an der Kon- taktfläche 12 an. Das Innenteil - Federprofil 4 - des Paneels 2 passt spielfrei in das Außenteil - Nutprofil 3 - des Nachbarpaneels 1. Eine die Formschlussprofile strapazierende elastische Verformung bleibt aus .The fully assembled state of the positive locking profiles 3 and 4 is shown in FIG. 4. A third elevation 7 has also come into contact with the surface of the trough-shaped recess 10a of the groove wall 10 and has been ground down on the latter. The resulting abrasion particles 7a are located in an intermediate space between the lower groove wall 10 of the groove profile 3 and the tongue profile 4. A closed joint F is formed on the upper side A of the panels facing away from the installation base V. The joint F is defined by an end face 11b of the upper groove Wall 11 of the groove profile 3 is formed and by a contact surface 12 provided on the tongue profile 4, which extends from the tongue top 4b to the surface of the panel 2. In this state, the end face 11b bears against the contact face 12 without pressure. The inner part - tongue profile 4 - of the panel 2 fits without play into the outer part - groove profile 3 - of the neighboring panel 1. There is no elastic deformation that is stressful for the form-fitting profiles.
Die Besonderheit der Konstruktion liegt darin, dass sich die Beziehung der Passformen der zu fügenden Formschlussprofile während des Montagevorganges verändert. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel wird die Passform des Federprofils 4 an die Passform des Nutprofils 3 angeglichen. Alternativ kann aber auch das Nutprofil mit Erhebungen und Vertiefungen ausgebildet sein, die sich abschleifen. Für die Funktion der Verbindung ist es unerheblich, an welcher Stelle die Anpassung durch Abschleifen von Material erfolgt. Die Anzahl von Erhebungen ist nicht auf drei festgelegt. Es kann beispielsweise eine MikroStruktur aus einer Vielzahl von Erhebungen vorgesehen sein, die wesentlich kleiner sind, als die des erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiels.The peculiarity of the construction lies in the fact that the relationship of the fits of the form-fit profiles to be joined changes during the assembly process. In the present exemplary embodiment, the fit of the tongue profile 4 is matched to the fit of the groove profile 3. Alternatively, the groove profile can also be formed with elevations and depressions that grind off. It is irrelevant for the function of the connection at which point the adaptation takes place by grinding material. The number of surveys is not limited to three. For example, a microstructure can be provided from a multiplicity of elevations which are significantly smaller than that of the exemplary embodiment explained.
Vor dem Fügen ist im Bereich der Erhebungen 5, 6 und 7 des Federprofils 4 ein „mehr" an Material vorgesehen. Dieses Übermaß wird während der Montage der Formschlussprofile abgeschliffen, bis die Passform des Innenteils an die Passform des Außenteils angeglichen ist.Before joining, a “more” material is provided in the area of the elevations 5, 6 and 7 of the spring profile 4. This excess is ground off during the assembly of the positive-locking profiles until the fit of the inner part is matched to the fit of the outer part.
Zu diesem Zweck sind die Steifigkeit der Formschlussprofile 3 und 4 sowie die Abriebfestigkeit der Erhebungen 5, 6 und 7 so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass durch Kräfte, die während der Montage auftreten, zwar eine Abreibung der Erhebungen 5, 6 und 7 erzielbar ist, jedoch keine elastische Verformung der Formschlussprofile 3 beziehungsweise 4.For this purpose, the rigidity of the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4 and the abrasion resistance of the elevations 5, 6 and 7 are coordinated with one another in such a way that the elevations 5, 6 and 7 can be rubbed off by forces which occur during assembly, but none elastic deformation of the interlocking profiles 3 or 4.
Falls das Abschleifen der Erhebungen 5, 6 und 7 durch den Füge- Vorgang nicht ausreicht, dass heißt, wenn durch die Fügebewegung des Herabschwenkens von Paneele 2 in die Ebene des liegenden Paneels 1 zu wenig Material abgeschliffen wird, müssen die Formschlussprofile 3 und 4 durch eine anschließende hin- und hergehende Schwenkbewegung so lange aufeinander eingeschliffen werden, bis Passgenauigkeit erreicht ist. Hierfür ist es außerdem hilfreich, dass die Paneele 1 und 2 gelenkig verbunden sind und aus einer Winkelposition von 180° zueinander sowohl in positiver als auch in negativer Richtung verschwenkt werden kön- nen . Das Gelenk G und dessen Beweglichkeit ist in Fig. 5 verdeutlicht, in der die Paneele 1 und 2 zueinander in einem Winkel liegen, der größer ist, als 180°. Dies ermöglicht eine besonders gute hin- und hergehende Schleifbewegung. Vor der endgültigen Verlegung der Paneele 1 und 2 auf dem Verlegeun- tergrund V können diese beispielsweise lose auf einem Tisch zusammengefügt werden, um zu ermitteln, in welchem Maße eingeschliffen werden muss, damit Passgenauigkeit erreicht wird. Während der Verlegung kann Passgenauigkeit an dem jeweils freien Ende der verriegelten Paneelfläche kontrolliert werden. Dort ist die Verbindung der Formschlussprofile 3 und 4 von der Seite her sichtbar. Es kann in Augenschein genommen werden, ob eine Verformung der Formschlussprofile 3 und 4 vorliegt. Zur objektiven Prüfung, ob eine Verformung vorliegt, kann beispielsweise eine Messung der Gesamtdicke der Paneele 1 und 2 im Bereich der verbundenen Formschlussprofile 3 und 4 vorgenommen werden. Ü- berschreitet die Gesamtdicke ein vorgegebenes Grenzmaß, so muss der Einschleifvorgang fortgesetzt werden.If the grinding of the elevations 5, 6 and 7 by the joining The process is not sufficient, i.e. if too little material is sanded off by the joining movement of the pivoting down of panels 2 into the plane of the lying panel 1, the positive-locking profiles 3 and 4 must be ground in on one another by a subsequent back-and-forth pivoting movement until Fit is achieved. It is also helpful for this that the panels 1 and 2 are connected in an articulated manner and can be pivoted from an angular position of 180 ° to one another both in the positive and in the negative direction. The joint G and its mobility is illustrated in FIG. 5, in which the panels 1 and 2 are at an angle to one another which is greater than 180 °. This enables a particularly good back and forth grinding movement. Before the final laying of the panels 1 and 2 on the laying base V, they can be loosely put together on a table, for example, in order to determine the extent to which they have to be ground in so that a precise fit is achieved. During installation, the accuracy of fit can be checked at the free end of the locked panel surface. There the connection of the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4 is visible from the side. It can be seen whether the positive locking profiles 3 and 4 are deformed. To objectively check whether there is any deformation, a measurement of the total thickness of the panels 1 and 2 in the area of the connected form-fitting profiles 3 and 4 can be carried out, for example. If the total thickness exceeds a predetermined limit, the grinding-in process must be continued.
Fig. 6 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel von Paneelen 1 und 2, de- ren Formschlussprofile 3 und 4 mit einem sogenannten Isolierwachs behandelt sind. Dabei handelt es sich um ein Mittel, das eine Schmierung für die Fügebewegung der Formschlussprofile 3 und 4 bewirkt. Außerdem wird das Isolierwachs in freie Zwischenräume 13a, 13b und 13c innerhalb der verriegelten Form- schlussprofile 3 und 4 gequetscht und beispielsweise als dünnerFIG. 6 shows an embodiment of panels 1 and 2, the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4 of which are treated with a so-called insulating wax. It is a means that causes lubrication for the joining movement of the positive locking profiles 3 and 4. In addition, the insulating wax is squeezed into free spaces 13a, 13b and 13c within the locked form-fitting profiles 3 and 4 and, for example, as thinner
Film in die Fuge F an der Oberseite der Paneele 1 und 2 ge- drückt. Auf diese Weise wirkt das Isolierwachs als Dichtmittel. Das Dichtmittel ist in einer Menge aufgetragen, die die Oberfläche der Formschlussprofile zumindest teilweise beschichtet. Dies verhindert das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit in die Fuge F und somit in das Holzwerkstoffmaterial. Das Holzwerkstoffmaterial würde andernfalls durch Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme quellen. Die Isolierwachsmenge kann die Zwischenräume 13a, 13b und 13c ausfüllen oder etwas geringer dosiert sein, so dass Freiräume bleiben. Es bewirkt ferner durch seine Schmiereigenschaft, dass Knarrgeräusche im Bereich der Formschlussprofile 3 und 4 der Paneele 1 und 2 unterbleiben, weil ein Schmierfilm gebildet wird. Knarrgeräusche treten bei Paneelen 1 und 2, wenn es zu einer Relativbewegung zwischen den Formschlussprofilen 3 und 4 kommt. Dies ist beispielsweise bei einer Verlegung von Fußbodenpaneelen auf einer nachgiebigen trittschalldämmenden Unterlage der Fall, weil die Paneele 1 und 2 bei Belastung auf der Verbindungsstelle in die nachgiebige Unterlage einsinken. Film into joint F at the top of panels 1 and 2 suppressed. In this way, the insulating wax acts as a sealant. The sealant is applied in an amount that at least partially coats the surface of the interlocking profiles. This prevents the penetration of moisture into the joint F and thus into the wood-based material. The wood-based material would otherwise swell due to moisture absorption. The amount of insulating wax can fill the spaces 13a, 13b and 13c or be dosed a little less so that there is free space. Due to its lubricating properties, it also prevents creaking noises in the area of the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4 of the panels 1 and 2 because a lubricating film is formed. Creaking noises occur with panels 1 and 2 when there is a relative movement between the form-fitting profiles 3 and 4. This is the case, for example, when laying floor panels on a resilient underlay that absorbs impact sound, because panels 1 and 2 sink into the resilient underlay when the connection point is loaded.
Paneel mit VerriegelungsSystem BezugszeichenlistePanel with locking system
1 Paneel1 panel
2 Paneel2 panels
3 Nutprofil3 groove profile
4 Federprofil4 spring profile
4a Federunterseite4a spring underside
4b Federoberseite4b spring top
5 Erhebung5 survey
5a Abriebpartikel5a abrasion particles
6 Erhebung6 survey
6a Abriebpartikel6a abrasion particles
7 Erhebung7 survey
7a Abriebpartikel7a abrasion particles
8 Vertiefung8 deepening
9 Vertiefung9 deepening
10 Nutwand10 groove wall
10a rinnenförmige Ausnehmung10a trough-shaped recess
11 Nutwand11 groove wall
11a Abschrägung11a bevel
11b Stirnfläche11b end face
12 Kontaktfläche12 contact surface
13a Zwischenraum13a space
13b Zwischenraum13b space
13c Zwischenraum13c space
A OberseiteA top
B Unterseite F FugeB bottom F fugue
G GelenkG joint
V Verlegeuntergrund V installation substrate

Claims

Paneel mit VerriegelungsSystemPatentansprüche Panel with locking system patent claims
1. Paneel (1, 2) mit einer viereckigen Platte aus beschichte- tem Holzwerkstoff, wobei gegenüberliegende Kanten des Paneels (1, 2) zueinander komplementäre Formschlussprofile (3, 4) aufweisen, so dass gleichartige Paneele (1, 2) zusammenfügbar sind, dadurch ge kenn z e i chnet , dass die Oberfläche wenigstens eines der Formschlussprofile (3, 4) zumindest bereichsweise Erhebungen (5, 6, 7) und Vertiefungen (8, 9) aufweist, dass die Erhebungen (5, 6, 7) während einer Montage zweier Paneele (1, 2) durch Reibung abschleifbar sind, und dass die Vertiefungen (8, 9) ein Volumen aufweisen, in dem entstehende Abriebpartikel (5a, 6a, 7a) von den Erhebungen (5, 6, 7) aufnehmbar sind.1. panel (1, 2) with a square plate made of coated wood-based material, opposite edges of the panel (1, 2) having mutually complementary positive-locking profiles (3, 4) so that similar panels (1, 2) can be joined together, characterized in that the surface of at least one of the interlocking profiles (3, 4) has elevations (5, 6, 7) and depressions (8, 9), at least in certain areas, in that the elevations (5, 6, 7) during assembly two panels (1, 2) can be grinded by friction, and that the depressions (8, 9) have a volume in which the resulting abrasion particles (5a, 6a, 7a) can be received by the elevations (5, 6, 7).
2. Paneel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge kenn ze i chnet , dass ein Formschlussprofil als Nutprofil (3) mit Hinterschneidung und das gegenüberliegende Formschlusspro- fil als Federprofil (4) mit Hinterschneidung ausgebildet ist.2. Panel according to claim 1, characterized in that a positive-locking profile is designed as a groove profile (3) with an undercut and the opposite positive-locking profile as a tongue profile (4) with an undercut.
3. Paneel nach Anspruch 2, dadu rch ge kenn z e i chne t , dass die Erhebungen (5, 6, 7) und Vertiefungen (8, 9) an dem Federprofil (4) vorgesehen sind und das Nutprofil (3) eine glatte Oberfläche aufweist, die im formschlüssig montierten Zustand mit den Erhebungen (5, 6, 7) in Kontakt steht .3. Panel according to claim 2, dadu rch ge kenn zei chne t that the elevations (5, 6, 7) and depressions (8, 9) are provided on the tongue profile (4) and the groove profile (3) has a smooth surface which is in the form-fitted state with the elevations (5, 6, 7) in contact.
4. Paneel nach Anspruch 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h - n e t , dass die Erhebungen (5, 6, 7) und Vertiefungen (8, 9) an einer einem Verlegeuntergrund (V) zugewandten Federunterseite (4a) angeordnet ist.4. Panel according to claim 3, characterized in - net that the elevations (5, 6, 7) and depressions (8, 9) is arranged on a spring underside (4a) facing a laying base (V).
5. Paneel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadu r ch ge kenn z e i chn et , dass die Steifigkeit der Formschlussprofile (3, 4) sowie die Abriebfestigkeit der Erhebungen (5, 6, 7) so aufeinander abgestimmt sind, dass durch Kräfte, die während der Montage auftreten, zwar eine Abrei- bung der Erhebungen (5, 6, 7) erzielbar ist jedoch keine elastische Verformung der Formschlussprofile (3, 4).5. Panel according to one of claims 1 to 4, so that the characteristics of the interlocking profiles (3, 4) and the abrasion resistance of the elevations (5, 6, 7) are matched to one another in such a way that by forces that occur during assembly, although abrasion of the elevations (5, 6, 7) can be achieved, however, there is no elastic deformation of the interlocking profiles (3, 4).
6. Paneel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadu r ch ge kenn z e i chnet , dass zumindest in den Vertie- fungen (8, 9) ein Dicht- und Schmiermittel vorgesehen ist.6. Panel according to one of claims 1 to 5, so that a sealant and lubricant is provided at least in the recesses (8, 9).
7. Paneel nach Anspruch 6, dadu rch ge kenn ze i chne t , dass das Dicht- und Schmiermittel einen Schmierfilm bildet. 7. Panel according to claim 6, so that the sealant and lubricant forms a lubricating film.
PCT/DE2004/001419 2003-07-02 2004-07-02 Panel comprising a locking system WO2005003488A1 (en)

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EP04738849A EP1639214B1 (en) 2003-07-02 2004-07-02 Panel comprising a locking system
DE502004003415T DE502004003415D1 (en) 2003-07-02 2004-07-02 PANEL WITH LOCKING SYSTEM
US10/562,491 US20070065293A1 (en) 2003-07-02 2004-07-02 Panel comprising a locking system
CA002539791A CA2539791A1 (en) 2003-07-02 2004-07-02 Panel comprising a locking system

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DE10329686A DE10329686B4 (en) 2003-07-02 2003-07-02 Panel with locking system
DE10329686.7 2003-07-02

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EP (1) EP1639214B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE358758T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2539791A1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2005003488A1 (en)

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EP1639214B1 (en) 2007-04-04
DE502004003415D1 (en) 2007-05-16
DE10329686B4 (en) 2008-02-28
US20070065293A1 (en) 2007-03-22
CA2539791A1 (en) 2005-01-13
EP1639214A1 (en) 2006-03-29
DE10329686A1 (en) 2005-02-03
ATE358758T1 (en) 2007-04-15

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