WO2004084846A1 - Hair treatment compositions - Google Patents
Hair treatment compositions Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004084846A1 WO2004084846A1 PCT/EP2004/001410 EP2004001410W WO2004084846A1 WO 2004084846 A1 WO2004084846 A1 WO 2004084846A1 EP 2004001410 W EP2004001410 W EP 2004001410W WO 2004084846 A1 WO2004084846 A1 WO 2004084846A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/817—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions or derivatives of such polymers, e.g. vinylimidazol, vinylcaprolactame, allylamines (Polyquaternium 6)
- A61K8/8182—Copolymers of vinyl-pyrrolidones. Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K8/046—Aerosols; Foams
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/06—Preparations for styling the hair, e.g. by temporary shaping or colouring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/12—Preparations containing hair conditioners
Definitions
- This invention relates to leave on hair treatment compositions and to their use in the treatment of hair.
- fixative agents such as high molecular weight polymers.
- fixative agents such as high molecular weight polymers.
- fixative agents have a tendency to make the hair feel sticky, stiff and crisp.
- conventional fixative agents also tend to make consumers hands feel sticky when they are applying or styling their hair with compositions containing them.
- conditioning agents for example silicones and cationic surfactants
- conditioning agents do provide substantial improvements in for example the wet and dry combing properties of the hair and in the smoothness of the hair, they tend to have a negative effect on the styling of hair e.g. poor style creation and hold.
- conditioners does not overcome the sticky feeling on consumers hands during application and styling with the product .
- the present invention provides high styling efficacy (e. g. control, ease of styling, style longevity and manageability) without undue stiffness and sticky feel.
- PSAs Pressure sensitive adhesives
- the present invention has the added advantage that hair can be styled without the consumers hands becoming sticky.
- a further advantage is that hair styled with compositions of the present invention does not become limp or lose its style or curl retention in humid conditions.
- the invention also relates to PSAs which are particularly stable in aqueous and hydroalcoholic hair care products.
- this invention provides a mousse, cream, lotion, tonic or spray leave on hair treatment composition
- a silicone pressure sensitive adhesive present as an emulsion.
- This invention provides for the use of silicone PSA's as defined herein in a hair treatment composition to impart styling without compromising feel, especially omitting stickiness, on hair and hands.
- a method for styling hair is also described which comprises contacting the hair with the composition described above.
- insoluble is meant that the material is not soluble in water (distilled or equivalent) at a concentration of 0.1%
- This present invention relates to the use of silicone PSAs for hair care applications.
- silicone pressure sensitive adhesive refers to pressure sensitive adhesives comprising a silicone resin and a polydiorganosiloxane.
- PSA pressure sensitive adhesive
- These "pressure sensitive adhesive” (PSA) materials are permanently tacky at room temperature and able to develop measurable adhesion to a surface simply upon contact or by the application of a light pressure. Generally they do not require heat. No chemical reaction takes place between the adhesive and the adherent, no curing of the adhesive is necessary and no solvent is required to be lost during the adhesion process.
- PSA pressure sensitive adhesive
- One class of silicone pressure sensitive adhesives consists of a mixture of (i) a silanol end-blocked polydiorganosiloxane fluid, e.g. a polydimethylsiloxane polymer and (ii) a trimethylsilyl end-blocked polysilicate resin such as a silicate resin consisting of a benzene- soluble resinous copolymer containing silicon-bonded hydroxyl radicals and consisting essentially of triorganosiloxy units of the formula RDSiOl/2 and tetrafunctionalsiloxy units of the formula Si04/2 in a ratio of about 0.6 to 0.9 triorganosiloxy units for each tetrafunctionalsiloxy unit present in the copolymer, wherein each R is a monovalent organic radical independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 6 inclusive carbon atoms.
- a silanol end-blocked polydiorganosiloxane fluid e.g. a poly
- a preferred class of silicone PSAs are prepared by condensing the silicone fluid and the silicate.
- the silicate resin and the silicone fluid are mixed together in the presence of a catalytic amount of a silanol condensation catalyst and then the silicate resin and the silicone fluid are condensed, for example, by heating under reflux conditions for 1 to 20 hours.
- silanol condensation catalysts are primary, secondary and tertiary amines, carboxylic acids of these amines and quaternary ammonium salts.
- a further optional step can also employ an alkenyl- functional polymer and a crosslinking agent containing silicone-bonded hydrogen atoms, they are cured by a hydrosilation addition reaction using a platinum-type catalyst as described in US-4988779.
- a platinum-type catalyst as described in US-4988779.
- the molar ratio of silicon bonded hydrogen groups to silicone bonded alkenyl groups is typically greater than 1.
- these systems are not highly preferred.
- a preferred silicone PSA comprises (a) 40 to 70 parts by weight of at least one silicone copolymer resin and (b) 30 to 60 parts by weight of at least one polydiorganosiloxane.
- the silanol content of the silicone pressure sensitive adhesive composition is reduced by chemically treating at least a portion of (a) , (b) or the mixture of (a) and (b) with at least one chemical treating agent (c) that reacts with silicon-bonded hydroxyl groups to reduce the silicon- bonded hydroxyl content of the composition.
- the silicon-bonded hydroxyl content of the composition is reduced to a range of between 8000 and 13,000.
- the silicone resin copolymers (i) usually contain silicon- bonded hydroxyl radicals in amounts which typically range from about 1 to 4 weight percent of silicon-bonded hydroxyl radicals and comprise triorganosiloxy units of the formula R 3 SiO 1/2 and tetrafunctional siloxy units of the formula SiO 4/2 in a mole ratio of from 0.6 to 0.9 R 3 Si 1/2 units for each SiO 4/2 unit present. Blends of two or more such copolymers may also be used. There should be at least some and preferably at least 0.5% silicon-bonded hydroxyl content to enable the polydiorganosiloxane component to copolymerize with the copolymer resin and/or to react with the end blocking agent being added to chemically treat the silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive composition.
- Each R denotes, independently, a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 6 inclusive carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, vinyl, allyl, propenyl and phenyl.
- the R 3 SiO 1/2 units are Me 3 SiO 1/2 units and/or Me 2 R 1 SiO 1/2 units wherein is R 1 is a vinyl ("Vi") or phenyl ("Ph”) radical. More preferably, no more than 10 mole percent of the R 3 SiO 1/2 units present in resin copolymer (i) are Me 2 R 2 SiO 1/2 units and the remaining units are Me 3 SiO 1/2 units where each R 2 is a vinyl radical. Most preferably, the R 3 SiO 1/2 units are Me 3 SiO 1/2 units.
- the preferred class of silicone PSAs (ii) usually comprise one or more polydiorganosiloxanes comprising ARSiO units terminated with endblocking TRASiO 1/2 units, where each R is as defined in the paragraph above .
- Each A radical is selected from radicals such as R or halohydro-carbon radicals of from 1 to 6 inclusive carbon atoms such a chloromethyl , chloropropyl , 1-chloro-2 -methylpropyl, 3,3,3- trifluoropropyl and F 3 C(CH 2 ) 5 radicals.
- the polydiorganosiloxane can contain Me 2 SiO units, PhMeSiO units, MeViSiO units, Ph 2 SiO units, methylethylsiloxy units, 3 , 3 , 3-trifluoropropyl units and 1-chloro, 2- methylpropyl units and the like.
- the ARSiO units are selected from the group consisting of R 2 SiO RR'SiO units, Ph 2 SiO units and combinations of both where R and R' are as for R in the paragraph above, at least 50 mole percent of the R' radicals present in the polydiorganosiloxane (ii) are methyl radicals and no more than 50 mole percent of the total moles of ARSiO units present in each polydiorganosiloxane of (ii) are Ph 2 SiO units.
- each polydiorganosiloxane (ii) are MeRSiO units where R is as above defined and the remaining ARSiO units present in each polydiorganosiloxane are Me SiO units. Most preferably, substantially all of the ARSiO units are Me 2 SiO units.
- Each T radical is R, OH, H or OR' radicals where each R' is an alkyl radical of from 1 to 4 inclusive carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, and isobutyl radicals. H, OH and OR' provide a site for reaction with the endblocking triorganosilyl units of ingredient
- triorganosiloxy e.g., R 3 SiO 1/2 such as (CH 3 ) 3 SiO 1/2 or CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 SiO 1/2
- R 3 SiO 1/2 such as (CH 3 ) 3 SiO 1/2 or CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 SiO 1/2
- the cleavage exposes a silicon-bonded hydroxyl radical which can then condense with silicon- bonded hydroxyl radicals in the copolymer resin, with endblocking triorganosilyl units or with other polydiorganosiloxanes containing H, OH or OR' radicals or silicon-bonded hydroxyl radicals exposed by cleavage reactions. Mixtures of polydiorganosiloxanes containing different substituent radicals may also be used.
- Each of the polydiorganosiloxanes (ii) preferably have a viscosity of from 100 centipoise to 30,000,000 centipoise at 25° C. (100 millipascal- seconds to 30,000 pascal seconds (Pa.s) where 1 centipoise equals 1 millipascal second).
- viscosity is directly related to the average number of diorganosiloxane units present for a series of polydiorganosiloxanes of varying molecular weights which have the same endblocking units.
- Polydiorganosiloxanes having a viscosity of from about 100 to 100,000 centipoise at 25° C. range from fluids to somewhat viscous polymers.
- polydiorganosiloxanes are preferably pre-reacted with resin copolymer (i) prior to condensation in the presence of endblocking agent (iii) to improve the tack and adhesion properties of the resulting PSA as will be further described.
- Polydiorganosiloxanes having viscosities in excess of 100,000 centipoise can typically be subjected to the condensation/endblocking step (II) of the present invention without pre-reaction.
- Polydiorganosiloxanes having viscosities in excess of 1,000, 000 centipoise are highly viscous products often referred to as gums and the viscosity is often expressed in terms of a Williams Plasticity value (polydimethylsiloxane gums of about 10,000,000 centipoise viscosity typically have a Williams Plasticity Value of about 50 mils (1.27 mm) or more at 25° C.) .
- endblocking agents (iii) are (Me3Si)2NH, (ViMe2Si)2NH, (MePhViSi) 2NH, (CF3CH2CH2Me2Si) 2NH, (Me3Si)2NMe, (ClCH2Me2Si) 2NH, Me3SiOMe, Me3SiOC2H5, Ph3SiOC2H5, (C2H5) 3SiOC2H5 , Me2PhSiOC2H5 , (i- C3H7)3SiOH,
- Me3Si(OC3H7) MePhViSiOMe, Me3SiCl, Me2ViSiCl, MePhViSiCl, (H2CCHCH2)Me2SiCl, (n-C3H7) 3SiCl , (F3CCF2CF2CH2CH2) 3SiCl ,
- NCCH2CH2Me2SiCl (n-C6H13) 3SiCl, MePh2SiCl, Me3SiBr, (t-
- the endblocking agent employed is (Me3Si)2NH.
- the PSAs described are emulsified.
- a preferred silicone PSA emulsion can be prepared by mixing the silicone PSA in suitable solvents to give a dispersed phase. It is advantageous if this dispersed phase comprises 20 to 80 % by weight of the silicone pressure sensitive adhesive.
- at least one solvent will be a volatile solvent, meaning a solvent with a boiling point below 300°C.
- One or more of the solvents is preferably a silicone.
- the PSA/solvent mixture is optionally emulsified in water using one or more surfactants.
- the preferred surfactants are anionic or nonionic surfactants, especially a blend of anionic and nonionic surfactants.
- the silicone solvent can be a linear polydiorganosiloxane such as hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane or a polydimethylsiloxane of viscosity lcSt, or can be a cyclic siloxane such as decamethylcyclopentasiloxane or octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane or can be a mixture of one or more linear polydimethylsiloxanes with one or more cyclic siloxanes.
- Other solvents include ethyl acetate and hydrocarbons (e.g heptane, hexane, isododecane) .
- compositions of the invention may further comprise from 0.001% to 10% by weight of a hair styling polymer. More preferred amounts of hair styling polymer in the compositions of the invention are from 0.1% to 5% by weight of the composition, even more preferably from 0.5% to 3% by weight. However it is highly preferable if additional hair styling polymersthey are not present or present in levels below 0.01 wt% of the total composition.
- Suitable hair styling polymers include commercially available polymers that contain moieties that render the polymers cationic, anionic, amphoteric or nonionic in nature.
- Suitable hair styling polymers include, for example, block and graft copolymers. The polymers may be synthetic or naturally derived.
- anionic hair styling polymers are:
- copolymers of vinyl acetate and crotonic acid terpolymers of vinyl acetate, crotonic acid and a vinyl ester of an alpha-branched saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid such as vinyl neodecanoate;
- copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride (molar ratio about 1:1) wherein such copolymers are 50% esterified with a saturated alcohol containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethanol or butanol;
- acrylic copolymers containing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid as the anionic radical-containing moiety with other monomers such as: esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid with one or more saturated alcohols having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms (such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n- octyl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate and behenyl acrylate) ; glycols having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms (such as hydroxypropyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate) ; styrene; vinyl caprolactam; vinyl acetate; acrylamide; alkyl acrylamides and methacrylamides having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alky
- Suitable anionic hair styling polymers are :
- RESYN® 28-2930 available from National Starch (vinyl acetate/crotonic acid/vinyl neodecanoate copolymer) ;
- ULTRAHOLD® 8 available from BASF (CTFA designation Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer) ;
- Luviset PUR® available from BASF.
- Carboxylated polyurethane resins are linear, hydroxyl-terminated copolymers having pendant carboxyl groups. They may be ethoxylated and/or propoxylated at least at one terminal end.
- the carboxyl group can be a carboxylic acid group or an ester group, wherein the alkyl moiety of the ester group contains one to three carbon atoms.
- the carboxylated polyurethane resin can also be a copolymer of polyvinylpyrrolidone and a polyurethane, having a CTFA designation PVP/polycarbamyl polyglycol ester.
- Suitable carboxylated polyurethane resins are disclosed in EP-A-0619111 and US Patent No. 5,000,955.
- Other suitable hydrophilic polyurethanes are disclosed in US Patent Nos . 3,822,238; 4,156,066; 4,156,067; 4,255,550; and 4,743,673.
- Amphoteric hair styling polymers which can contain cationic groups derived from monomers such as t-butyl aminoethyl methacrylate as well as carboxyl groups derived from monomers such as acrylic acid or methacrylic acid can also be used in the present invention.
- One specific example of an amphoteric hair styling polymer is Amphomer®
- nonionic hair styling polymers are homopolymers of N- vinylpyrrolidone and copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone with compatible nonionic monomers such as vinyl acetate.
- Nonionic polymers containing N- vinylpyrrolidone in various weight average molecular weights are available commercially from ISP Corporation - specific examples of such materials are homopolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone having an average molecular weight of about 630,000 sold under the name PVP K- 90 and are homopolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone having an average molecular weight of about 1,000,000 sold under the name of PVP K-120.
- nonionic hair styling polymers are cross- linked silicone resins or gums. Specific examples include rigid silicone polymers such as those described in ⁇ P-A- 0240350 and cross-linked silicone gums such as those described in WO 96/31188.
- cationic hair styling polymers are copolymers of amino-functional acrylate monomers such as lower alkyl amin ⁇ alkyl acrylate, or methacrylate monomers such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, with compatible monomers such as N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl caprolactam, alkyl methacrylates (such as methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate) and alkyl acrylates (such as ethyl acrylate and n-butyl acrylate) .
- Suitable cationic polymers are:
- copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate available from ISP Corporation as Copolymer 845, Copolymer 937 and Copolymer 958;
- Polyquaternium-4 (a copolymer of diallyldimonium chloride and hydroxyethylcellulose) ;
- Polyquaternium-11 (formed by the reaction of diethyl sulphate and a copolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone and dimethyl aminoethylmethacrylate) , available from ISP as Gafquat® 734, 755 and 755N, and from BASF as Luviquat® PQ11;
- Polyquaternium-16 (formed from methylvinylimidazolium chloride and vinylpyrrolidone) , available from BASF as Luviquat® FC 370, FC 550, FC 905 and HM-552;
- Polyquaternium-46 (prepared by the reaction of vinylcaprolactam and vinylpyrrolidone with methylvinylimidazolium methosulphate) , available from BASF as Luviquat ⁇ Hold.
- Suitable naturally-derived polymers include shellac, alginates, gelatins, pectins, cellulose derivatives and chitosan or salts and derivatives thereof.
- Commercially available examples include Kytamer® (ex Amerchol) and Amaze® (ex National Starch) .
- ionic copolymers described in WO 93/03703 are also suitable for use as additional styling polymers in the compositions of the invention.
- the ionic copolymers described in WO 93/03703 are also suitable for use as additional styling polymers in the compositions of the invention.
- the ionic copolymers described in WO 93/03703 are also suitable for use as additional styling polymers in the compositions of the invention.
- the ionic copolymers described in WO 93/03703 are also suitable for use as additional styling polymers in the compositions of the invention.
- the silicone-containing polycarboxylic acid copolymers described in WO 95/00106 or WO 95/32703 the thermoplastic elastomeric copolymers described in WO 95/01383, WO 95/06078, WO 95/06079 and WO 95/01384, the silicone grafted adhesive polymers disclosed in WO 95/04518 or WO 95/05800, the silicone macro-grafted cop
- the styling polymer is preferably a copolymer having a backbone comprising a polyether and, depending from the backbone, a plurality of poly (vinyl ester) groups. At least some of the ester groups are hydrolysed to the corresponding alcohol, preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 75%, most preferably at least 95% of the groups are hydrolysed to the corresponding alcohol .
- the poly (vinyl ester) chains optionally contain other functional groups in and/or on the polymer chain, such as, for example, amide and/or keto groups.
- the copolymer has a polyether backbone which is obtainable by the polymerisation of one or more alkylene oxides.
- the polyether may comprise a single alkyleneoxy group or a mixture of two or more alkyleneoxy groups .
- the polyether may, for example, be based on ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, other alkylene oxides, polyglycerol and mixtures thereof.
- the backbone comprises linkages other than those based on polyether, such as, for example, amide or keto linkages.
- the copolymer comprises a polyethyleneglycol backbone.
- the copolymer is preferably polyethyleneglycol-co- polyvinylalcohol having polyvinylalcohol groups bound to the polyethyleneglycol i.e., subtantially all of the poly (vinyl ester) groups are preferably hydrolysed in the copolymers used in the compositions of the invention.
- the copolymer can be produced by methods which are well-known to those skilled in the art.
- the copolymers are obtainable by graft polymerisation.
- poly (vinyl ester) groups are preferably grafted onto a polyether and are subsequently hydrolysed to convert at least some of the ester groups to the corresponding alcohol.
- DE 1 077 430 describes a process for the preparation of graft polymers of vinyl esters on polyalkylene glycols.
- the preparation of graft copolymers of polyvinyl alcohol on polyalkylene glycols by hydrolysis of the vinyl esters is described in DE 1 094 457 and DE 1 081 229, both also incorporated herein by reference.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyether is preferably from 1 to 100 kDa.
- Preferred copolymers for use in compositions of the invention have a molar ratio of polyether to total poly (vinyl ester) and polyvinylalcohol groups in the range of from about 95:5 to 5:95, more preferably about 30:70 to about 50:50. Typically, such copolymers have a molar ratio of polyether to total poly (vinyl ester) and polyvinylalcohol groups of about 40:60.
- the copolymer may be non-cross-linked or cross-linked and it is preferred that the copolymer is cross-linked. Suitable cross-linking agents are those compounds which can bind to two or more polyether, poly (vinyl ester) and/or poly (vinyl alcohol) chains and include, for example, pentaerythritol triallyl ether.
- compositions of the invention may comprise a- surfactant in addition to that required for the preparation of any PSA emulsion.
- the surfactants which are suitable for use in the compositions of the invention may be nonionic, cationic, anionic, zwitterionic or a mixture of such surfactants depending on the product form.
- the hair styling compositions of the invention preferably comprise a non-ionic surfactant, in an amount of up to 5%, preferably from 0.01% to 1%, most preferably from 0.02% to 0.8% by weight based on total weight.
- non-ionic surfactants are condensation products of aliphatic (C 8 -C ⁇ 8 ) primary or secondary linear or branched chain alcohols or phenols with alkylene oxides, usually ethylene oxide and generally having at least 15, preferably at least 20, most preferably from 30 to 50 ethylene oxide groups.
- suitable non-ionics include esters of sorbitol, esters of sorbitan anhydrides, esters of propylene glycol, fatty acid esters of polyethylene glycol, fatty acid esters of polypropylene glycol, ethoxylated esters and polyoxyethylene fatty ether phosphates.
- non-ionic surfactants of general formula R(EO) x H, where R represents a straight or branched chain alkyl group having an average carbon chain length of 12-18 carbon atoms and x ranges from 30 to 50.
- R represents a straight or branched chain alkyl group having an average carbon chain length of 12-18 carbon atoms and x ranges from 30 to 50.
- Specific examples include steareth-40, steareth-50, ceteareth-30 , ceteareth-40, ceteareth-50 and mixtures thereof.
- Suitable commercially available examples of these materials include Unicol SA-40 (Universal Preserv-A-Chem) , Empilan KM50 (Albright and Wilson) , NONION PS-250 (Nippon Oils & Fats) , Volpo CS50 (Croda Inc) , and Incropol CS-50 (Croda Inc) . Water
- compositions of the present invention can also include water, preferably distilled or de-ionised, as a carrier for the PSAs, when used in an emulsion form in addition to it being a carrier or a solvent for other components.
- water When present the water will typically be present in amounts ranging from 30% to 98%, preferably from 50% to 95% by weight .
- compositions of the present invention can also include solvents, as a carrier or solvent for the PSAs and other components.
- solvent will typically be present in amounts ranging from 30% to 98%, preferably from 50% to 95% by weight.
- solvents are hydrocarbons, esters, alcohols etc.
- Hair conditioning agents such as hydrocarbons, esters, silicone fluids, and cationic materials may be included in the compositions of the invention. Hair conditioning agents may typically be present in compositions of the invention in amounts of from 0.001% to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1% to 3% by weight. Hair conditioning agents may be single compounds or mixtures of two or more compounds from the same class or different general classes.
- Hair conditioning agents may be included in any of the compositions of the invention, regardless of whether they contain a hair styling polymer.
- the compositions (such as aerosol mousse formulations, for example) comprise a hair conditioning agent and are substantially free of hair styling polymer.
- Suitable hydrocarbons can be either straight or branched chain and can contain from about 10 to about 16, preferably from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms.
- suitable hydrocarbons are decane, dodecane, tetradecane, tridecane, and mixtures thereof.
- Suitable oily or fatty materials are selected from hydrocarbon oils, fatty esters and mixtures thereof. Straight chain hydrocarbon oils will preferably contain from about 12 to about 30 carbon atoms. Also suitable are polymeric hydrocarbons of alkenyl monomers, such as C 2 -C 3 alkenyl monomers .
- hydrocarbon oils include paraffin oil, mineral oil, saturated and unsaturated dodecane, saturated and unsaturated tridecane, saturated and unsaturated tetradecane, saturated and unsaturated pentadecane, saturated and unsaturated hexadecane, and mixtures thereof.
- Branched-chain isomers of these compounds, as well as of higher chain length hydrocarbons, can also be used.
- Suitable fatty esters are characterised by having at least 10 carbon atoms, and include esters with hydrocarbyl chains derived from fatty acids or alcohols, Monocarboxylic acid esters include esters of alcohols and/or acids of the formula R'COOR in which R' and R independently denote alkyl or alkenyl radicals and the sum of carbon atoms in R' and R is at least 10, preferably at least 20. Di- and trialkyl and alkenyl esters of carboxylic acids can also be used.
- Particularly preferred fatty esters are mono-, di- and triglycerides, more specifically the mono-, di-, and tri- esters of glycerol and long chain carboxylic acids such as C ⁇ -C 22 carboxylic acids.
- Preferred materials include cocoa butter, palm stearin, sunflower oil, soyabean oil and coconut oil .
- isopropyl myristate Especially preferred is isopropyl myristate.
- the oily/fatty material is suitably present at a level of from 0.05 to 10, preferably from 0.2 to 5, more preferably from about 0.5 to 3 wt%.
- suitable silicone conditioning agents useful herein can include either cyclic or linear polydimethylsiloxanes, phenyl and alkyl phenyl silicones, and silicone copolyols.
- Cationic conditioning agents useful herein can include quaternary ammonium salts or the salts of fatty amines, such as cetyl ammonium chloride, for example.
- Compositions according to the invention may, optionally, comprise from 0.1% to 10% by weight of a volatile silicone as the hair conditioning agent.
- Volatile silicones are well known in the art and are commercially available and include, for example linear and cyclic compounds.
- Volatile silicone oils are preferably linear or cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes containing from about three to about nine silicon atoms.
- compositions of the invention may optionally comprise a cross-linked silicone polymer.
- the cross-linked silicone polymer is preferably a non-rigid emulsion-polymerised and may be present in compositions of the invention in an amount of up to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.2% to 6% by weight, most preferably from 0.5 to 5% by weight .
- Preferred silicone polymers for use in the invention are polydiorganosiloxanes, preferably derived from suitable combinations of R 3 SiO 0 .s units and R 2 SiO units where each R independently represents an alkyl, alkenyl (e.g., vinyl), alkaryl, aralkyl, or aryl (e.g. phenyl) group. R is most preferably methyl .
- the preferred silicone polymers of the invention are cross- linked polydimethyl siloxanes (which have the CTFA designation dimethicone) , and cross-linked polydimethyl siloxanes having end groups such as hydroxyl (which have the CTFA designation dimethiconol) . Good results have been obtained with cross-linked dimethiconol.
- Cross-linking of the silicone polymer is typically introduced concurrently during emulsion polymerisation of the polymer through the inclusion of the required amount of trifunctional and tetrafunctional silane monomer units, for example, those of formula:
- R Si (OH) 3 wherein R represents an alkyl, alkenyl (e.g. vinyl), alkaryl, aralkyl or aryl (e.g. phenyl) group, preferably methyl .
- the degree of cross-linking of the silicone polymer can be measured as the percentage of branched monomer units in the silicone polymer and is from 0.05% to 10%, preferably being in the range 0.15% to 7%, e.g. from 0.2% to 2%.
- Increasing cross-linking is found to improve styling benefits but also to reduce conditioning performance somewhat, so compromise levels must be selected with properties optimised to suit consumer preferences in different cases. Good overall performance has been obtained with dimethiconol 0.3% cross- linked.
- Suitable emulsion polymerised cross-linked silicone polymers are commercially available or can be readily made using conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art .
- compositions of the invention may optionally comprise cationic surfactants, used singly or in admixture.
- Cationic surfactants useful in compositions of the invention contain amino or quaternary ammonium hydrophilic moieties, which are positively charged when, dissolved in the aqueous composition of the present invention.
- Suitable cationic surfactants are those corresponding to the formula:
- R x , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently selected from (a) an aliphatic group of from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, or (b) an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl , aryl or alkylaryl group having up to 22 carbon atoms; and
- X is a salt-forming anion such as those selected from halogen, (e.g. chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate nitrate, sulphate, and alkylsulphate radicals .
- the aliphatic groups can contain, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, ether linkages, and other groups such as amino groups.
- the longer chain aliphatic groups e.g., those of about 12 carbons, or higher, can be saturated or unsaturated.
- the most preferred cationic surfactants for conditioner compositions of the present invention are monoalkyl quaternary ammonium compounds in which the alkyl chain length is C8 to C14.
- R 5 is a hydrocarbyl chain having 8 to 14 carbon atoms or a functionalized hydrocarbyl chain with 8 to 14 carbon atoms and containing ether, ester, amido or amino moieties present as substituents or as linkages in the radical chain
- Rs, R 7 and R 8 are independently selected from (a) hydrocarbyl chains of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, or (b) functionalized hydrocarbyl chains having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms and containing one or more aromatic, ether, ester, amido or amino moieties present as substituents or as linkages in the radical chain
- X is a salt-forming anion such as those selected from halogen, (e.g. chloride, bromide) , acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate nitrate, sulphate, and alkylsulphate radicals.
- the functionalised hydrocarbyl chains (b) may suitably contain one or more hydrophilic moieties selected from alkoxy (preferably C 1 -C 3 alkoxy) , polyoxyalkylene (preferably QL-C 3 polyoxyalkylene) , alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl , alkylester, and combinations thereof.
- the hydrocarbyl chains Ri have 12 to 14 carbon atoms, most preferably 12 carbon atoms. They may be derived from source oils which contain substantial amounts of fatty acids having the desired hydrocarbyl chain length.
- the fatty acids from palm kernel oil or coconut oil can be used as a source of C8 to C12 hydrocarbyl chains .
- Typical monoalkyl quaternary ammonium compounds of the above general formula for use in shampoo compositions of the invention include :
- lauryl trimethylammonium chloride available commercially as Arquad C35 ex-Akzo
- cocodimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride available commercially as Arquad DMCB-80 ex-Akzo
- x + y is an integer from 2 to 20;
- Ri is a hydrocarbyl chain having 8 to 14, preferably 12 to 14, most preferably 12 carbon atoms or a functionalised hydrocarbyl chain with 8 to 14, preferably 12 to 14, most preferably 12 carbon atoms and containing ether, ester, amido or amino moieties present as substituents or as linkages in the radical chain;
- R 2 is a C1-C 3 alkyl group or benzyl group, preferably methyl
- X is a salt-forming anion such as those selected from halogen, (e.g. chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate nitrate, sulphate, methosulphate and alkylsulphate radicals.
- halogen e.g. chloride, bromide
- acetate citrate
- lactate glycolate
- phosphate nitrate phosphate nitrate
- sulphate methosulphate and alkylsulphate radicals.
- PEG-n lauryl ammonium chlorides such as PEG-2 cocomonium chloride (available commercially as Ethoquad C12 ex-Akzo Nobel) ; PEG-2 cocobenzyl ammonium chloride (available commercially as Ethoquad CB/12 ex-Akzo Nobel) ; PEG-5 cocomonium methosulphate (available commercially as Rewoquat CPEM ex-Rewo) ; PEG-15 cocomonium chloride (available commercially as Ethoquad C/25 ex-Akzo)
- n is an integer from 1 to 4 , preferably 2 ;
- Ri is a hydrocarbyl chain having 8 to 14, preferably 12 to 14, most preferably 12 carbon atoms;
- R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from Ci - C 3 alkyl groups, and are preferably methyl, and
- X " is a salt-forming anion such as those selected from halogen, (e.g. chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate nitrate, sulphate, and alkylsulphate radicals .
- halogen e.g. chloride, bromide
- acetate citrate
- lactate glycolate
- phosphate nitrate phosphate nitrate
- sulphate sulphate radicals .
- Suitable examples are lauryldimethylhydroxyethylammonium chloride (available commercially as Prapagen HY ex-Clariant)
- Mixtures of any of the foregoing cationic surfactants compounds may also be suitable.
- Suitable cationic surfactants include:
- quaternary ammonium chlorides e.g. alkyltrimethylammonium chlorides wherein the alkyl group has from about 8 to 22 carbon atoms, for example octyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, octyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, decyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, stearyldi- methylbenzylammonium chloride, didodecyldimethylammonium chloride, dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride, tallow trimethylammonium chloride, cocotrimethylammonium chloride, and the corresponding salts thereof, e.g., bromides, hydroxides.
- the level of cationic surfactant is preferably from 0.01 to 10, more preferably 0.05 to 5, most preferably 0.1 to 2 wt% of the total composition.
- Conditioner compositions of the invention preferably additionally comprise a fatty alcohol material.
- fatty alcohol materials and cationic surfactants in conditioning compositions is believed to be especially advantageous, because this leads to the formation of a lamellar phase, in which the cationic surfactant is dispersed.
- fatty alcohol material is meant a fatty alcohol, an alkoxylated fatty alcohol, or a mixture thereof.
- Representative fatty alcohols comprise from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably 16 to 20. Examples of suitable fatty alcohols
- compositions of the present invention are formulated into hair styling compositions which may take a variety of forms, including, for example, mousses, gels, lotions, creams, sprays and tonics. These product forms are well known in the art .
- the preferred product is a spray and/or aerosol and/or mousse .
- compositions of the invention are preferably foaming compositions.
- Foaming compositions are those compositions which are capable of forming a foam on dispensation from a suitable container, such as a pressurised aerosol container. More preferably are in the form of an aerosol hair mousse.
- Aerosol-form compositions of the invention will include an aerosol propellant which serves to expel the other materials from the container, and forms the mousse character in mousse compositions.
- the aerosol propellant included in styling compositions of the present invention can be any liquefiable gas conventionally used for aerosol containers.
- suitable propellants include dimethyl ether and hydrocarbon propellants such as propane, n-butane and iso-butane.
- the propellants may be used singly or admixed. Water insoluble propellants, especially hydrocarbons, are preferred because they form emulsion droplets on agitation and create suitable mousse foam densities.
- the amount of the propellant used is governed by normal factors well known in the aerosol art.
- the level of propellant is generally up to 35%, preferably from 2% to 30%, most preferably from 3% to 15% by weight based on total weight of the composition.
- a propellant such as dimethyl ether includes a vapour pressure suppressant (e.g. trichloroethane or dichloromethane) , for weight percentage calculations, the amount of suppressant is included as part of the propellant.
- the levels of propellant are usually higher; preferably from 30 to 98 wt% of the total composition, more preferably 50 to 95 wt % .
- Preferred propellants are selected from propane, n-butane, isobutane, dimethyl ether and mixtures thereof.
- the propellant comprises dimethyl ether and at least one of propane, n-butane and isobutane.
- composition ingredients The method of preparing aerosol hair styling mousse compositions according to the invention follows conventional aerosol filling procedures.
- the composition ingredients
- compositions of the invention may also take a non-foaming product form, such as a hair styling cream or gel .
- a non-foaming product form such as a hair styling cream or gel .
- Such a cream or gel will include a structurant or thickener, typically at a level of from 0.1% to 10%, preferably 0.5% to 3% by weight based on total weight.
- suitable structurants or thickeners are polymeric thickeners such as carboxyvinyl polymers.
- a carboxyvinyl polymer is an interpolymer of a monomeric mixture comprising a monomeric olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid, and from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the total monomers of a polyether of a polyhydric alcohol.
- Carboxyvinyl polymers are substantially insoluble in liquid, volatile organic hydrocarbons and are dimensionally stable on exposure to air.
- the molecular weight of the carboxyvinyl polymer is at least 750,000, preferably at least 1,250,000, most preferably at least 3,000,000.
- Preferred carboxyvinyl polymers are copolymers of acrylic acid cross-linked with allylsucrose or allylpentaerythritol as described in US Patent 2,798,053. These polymers are provided by B.F. Goodrich Company as, for example, CARBOPOL 934, 940, 941 and 980. Other materials that can also be used as structurants or thickeners include those that can impart a gel-like viscosity to the composition, such as water soluble or colloidally water soluble polymers like cellulose ethers (e.g.
- guar gum sodium alginate, gum arabic, xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl guar gum, starch and starch derivatives, and other thickeners, viscosity modifiers, gelling agents, etc. It is also possible to use inorganic thickeners such as bentonite or laponite clays.
- the hair styling compositions of the invention can contain a variety of non-essential, optional components suitable for rendering the compositions more aesthetically acceptable or to aid use, including discharge from the container, of the product.
- non-essential, optional components suitable for rendering the compositions more aesthetically acceptable or to aid use, including discharge from the container, of the product.
- Such conventional optional ingredients are well known to those skilled in the art, e.g.
- preservatives such as benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben and imidazolidinyl urea, fatty alcohols such as cetearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol, pH adjusting agents such as citric acid, succinic acid, sodium hydroxide and triethanolamme, colouring agents such as any of the FD&C or D&C dyes, perfume oils, chelating agents such as ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, and polymer plasticising agents such as glycerin and propylene glycol
- Examples of the invention are illustrated by a number, comparative examples are illustrated by a letter.
- PSA emulsions are defined below:
- the panellists typically apply 5g of product to their hair. They typically wash their hair every night and apply the mousse to their hair the following morning following their usual styling routine. The panellists used each product for 3 consecutive days and scored it on the third day using the score-sheet provided. Once all mousses have been evaluated in the order set out the test is completed.
- Example 4 gives similar volume control to comparative Example A, but it is perceived as less sticky on hair and much less sticky on hands.
- the styling performance of two PSA emulsions was compared to that of Luviquat* FC550 a conventional styling polymer.
- a set of 5 2g/25cm switches made from 'virgin' Spanish hair was washed with 16% wt .
- SLES.2EO. 1 ml solution was applied along the length of the hair and agitated for 30 sec. The switches were then rinsed with warm water for 30 sec. Further 1 ml surfactant solution was applied and the hair was agitated for 30 sec again followed by 1 min rinse with warm water.
- the generated colour digital images were rendered into grey- scale format.
- the grey-scale images were subsequently converted into a binary form (i.e. composed only of black and white pixels) .
- the dimensionless 2D projection area of each switch was used as a measure for the extent of switch spread out (i.e. loss of curliness) .
- the projection area was calculated from the number of black pixels.
- the data were normalised by taking the ratio of the projection area to the average switch projection area calculated for the set of switches treated with Example 6.
- the pressure sensitive adhesives give similar or better curl retention to that of the styling polymer.
- the pressure sensitive adhesive gives much lower hair volume than the conditioning and the styling silicone.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/550,623 US7850952B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2004-02-11 | Hair treatment compositions |
AT04710037T ATE463233T1 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2004-02-11 | COMPOSITIONS FOR HAIR TREATMENT |
JP2006504426A JP4747088B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2004-02-11 | Hair treatment composition |
EP04710037A EP1605903B1 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2004-02-11 | Hair treatment compositions |
DE602004026424T DE602004026424D1 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2004-02-11 | HAIR TREATMENT COMPOSITIONS |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03251827 | 2003-03-24 | ||
EP03251827.6 | 2003-03-24 |
Publications (1)
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WO2004084846A1 true WO2004084846A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2004/001410 WO2004084846A1 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2004-02-11 | Hair treatment compositions |
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US (1) | US7850952B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1972329B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4747088B2 (en) |
AT (2) | ATE483453T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE602004026424D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2341246T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004084846A1 (en) |
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WO2005063175A1 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-14 | Unilever Plc | Mousse product and method for conditioning hair |
WO2007051505A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 | 2007-05-10 | Unilever Plc | Hair treatment compositions |
WO2007051506A1 (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2007-05-10 | Unilever Plc | Hair treatment compositions |
WO2007071308A1 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Unilever Plc | Hair treatment composition comprising a pressure sensitive adhesive |
FR2910308A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-27 | Oreal | Composition for treating keratinic fibers, especially for hair styling, comprises a cationic polymer and two silicones that react together by hydrosilylation, condensation or crosslinking |
FR2957790A1 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-30 | Oreal | COMPOSITION COMPRISING A SILICONE COPOLYMER, A SILICONE SURFACTANT, COSMETIC TREATMENT PROCESS AND USE |
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FR2927805B1 (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2011-01-07 | Oreal | COSMETIC COMPOSITION COMPRISING A PARTICULAR SILICONE COPOLYMER, A VOLATILE SOLVENT AND A PARTICULAR SILICONE RESIN. |
WO2010089199A1 (en) * | 2009-02-04 | 2010-08-12 | Unilever Plc | Hair treatment composition |
JP2011042617A (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-03-03 | Shiseido Co Ltd | Cosmetic for hair styling |
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JP2011042618A (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-03-03 | Shiseido Co Ltd | Cosmetic for hair styling |
FR2961104B1 (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2013-04-12 | Oreal | AEROSOL COMPOSITION COMPRISING FIXING POLYMER AND SOLID FATTY OR FATTY ALCOHOL AND USE THEREOF |
WO2012024364A2 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2012-02-23 | Kao Corporation | Hair and skin conditioning compositions |
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US11464716B1 (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2022-10-11 | American Spraytech, L.L.C. | Semi-permanent colorant composition for hair |
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Cited By (11)
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WO2005063175A1 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-14 | Unilever Plc | Mousse product and method for conditioning hair |
WO2007051505A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 | 2007-05-10 | Unilever Plc | Hair treatment compositions |
WO2007051506A1 (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2007-05-10 | Unilever Plc | Hair treatment compositions |
JP2009514820A (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2009-04-09 | ユニリーバー・ナームローゼ・ベンノートシヤープ | Hair treatment composition |
JP2009514819A (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2009-04-09 | ユニリーバー・ナームローゼ・ベンノートシヤープ | Hair treatment composition |
US9314409B2 (en) | 2005-11-03 | 2016-04-19 | Conopco, Inc. | Hair treatment compositions |
WO2007071308A1 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Unilever Plc | Hair treatment composition comprising a pressure sensitive adhesive |
US8329146B2 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2012-12-11 | Conopco, Inc. | Hair treatment composition comprising a pressure sensitive adhesive |
FR2910308A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-27 | Oreal | Composition for treating keratinic fibers, especially for hair styling, comprises a cationic polymer and two silicones that react together by hydrosilylation, condensation or crosslinking |
FR2957790A1 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-30 | Oreal | COMPOSITION COMPRISING A SILICONE COPOLYMER, A SILICONE SURFACTANT, COSMETIC TREATMENT PROCESS AND USE |
WO2011117403A3 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2012-10-18 | L'oréal | Composition comprising a silicone copolymer, a silicone surfactant and a non-volatile pdms, cosmetic treatment method and use. |
Also Published As
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US20060263314A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
DE602004029518D1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
EP1972329B1 (en) | 2010-10-06 |
ATE463233T1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
EP1972329A2 (en) | 2008-09-24 |
ES2341246T3 (en) | 2010-06-17 |
DE602004026424D1 (en) | 2010-05-20 |
JP2006521302A (en) | 2006-09-21 |
JP4747088B2 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
EP1605903B1 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
EP1605903A1 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
ATE483453T1 (en) | 2010-10-15 |
US7850952B2 (en) | 2010-12-14 |
EP1972329A3 (en) | 2009-02-18 |
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