WO2004066471A1 - 電力供給システム、集合住宅、及びプログラム - Google Patents
電力供給システム、集合住宅、及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004066471A1 WO2004066471A1 PCT/JP2004/000305 JP2004000305W WO2004066471A1 WO 2004066471 A1 WO2004066471 A1 WO 2004066471A1 JP 2004000305 W JP2004000305 W JP 2004000305W WO 2004066471 A1 WO2004066471 A1 WO 2004066471A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- power
- load
- supplied
- loads
- fuel cell
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power supply system that supplies power to a plurality of loads, an apartment house including the power supply system, and a program that causes the power supply system to function.
- This application is also related to the following Japanese patent application. For those designated countries that are permitted to be incorporated by reference to the literature, the contents described in the following application shall be incorporated into this application by reference, and shall be part of the description of this application.
- each power supply supplies power only to the corresponding load.
- each power supply supplies power only to the corresponding load, so if each power supply stops due to failure or maintenance, etc., power is supplied to the corresponding load. I could't do that.
- a system such as a commercial power supply (hereinafter referred to as a system) in order to prevent such a power supply stop, the cost of facilities and the like will increase. In particular, when power is supplied to loads such as mountainous areas and remote islands, the cost of connecting to the grid is further increased.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system, a housing complex, and a program that can solve the above problems. This object is achieved by a combination of features described in the independent claims.
- the dependent claims define further advantageous embodiments of the present invention. Disclosure of the invention
- a power supply system for supplying power to a plurality of loads.
- a power supply system for supplying power to a plurality of loads.
- a power supply system comprising: a control unit that generates power to be generated by another fuel cell as surplus power.
- the control unit when the surplus power supplied from the power network to the load corresponding to the fuel cell that has stopped generating power has become larger than the second threshold that is larger than the first threshold, the fuel cell that has stopped generating power, The power to be supplied to the load may be generated, and the generation of surplus power may be stopped in other fuel cells.
- control unit may cause the fuel cell corresponding to the already activated load to generate electric power necessary for starting each load as surplus electric power.
- the control unit causes the corresponding fuel cell to generate power to be supplied to the load after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of each load, and generates the surplus power in the other fuel cells. Is preferably stopped.
- the control unit when the average value of the power consumed by each load within a predetermined time in the past is smaller than the first threshold, stops the power generation of the fuel cell corresponding to the load, and The power to be supplied to the load may be generated as surplus power by another fuel cell.
- control unit reduces the power generation amount of the fuel cell when the power generation amount of the corresponding fuel cell is larger than the average value of the power consumption of each load within a predetermined time in the past by a predetermined value or more. May be.
- control unit within a predetermined time in the past, When the average value of the power received by each load from the power network is larger than a predetermined value, the power generation amount of the fuel cell corresponding to the load may be increased.
- the power supply system stores the power that is not supplied to the load among the surplus power supplied to the power network, and when the total demand power of multiple loads exceeds the total power generation that can be generated by multiple fuel cells.
- a power storage device that supplies the stored power to a plurality of loads, wherein the control unit determines a power generation amount of the plurality of fuel cells when the power stored in the power storage device falls below a predetermined value. May be increased.
- a program for causing a power supply system to supply power to a plurality of loads A plurality of fuel cells that generate and supply the power to be supplied, and are connected to the plurality of fuel cells, and receive the surplus power of the power generated by each fuel cell other than the power supplied to the corresponding load, and If the power network to supply the loads with insufficient power and the amount of power to be supplied to each load is smaller than a predetermined first threshold, the power generation of the fuel cell corresponding to the load is stopped and the power is supplied to the load.
- a program is provided that causes a power to be generated to function as a control unit that causes another fuel cell to generate surplus power.
- an apartment house having a plurality of living parts, provided for a plurality of living parts, and generating and supplying electric power to be supplied to each of the corresponding living parts.
- a plurality of fuel cells connected to a plurality of fuel cells, receive the surplus power other than the power supplied to the corresponding living part of the power generated by each fuel cell, and supply it to the living part where the power is insufficient If the power network and the amount of power to be supplied to each living unit are smaller than a predetermined first threshold, the power generation of the fuel cell corresponding to the living unit is stopped, and the power to be supplied to the living unit is reduced. And a control unit for causing another fuel cell to generate power as surplus power.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of an apartment house 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the power generation efficiency of the fuel cells (30a to 30c).
- Fig. 3 shows an example of the power consumption of the load (40a to 40c).
- FIG. 3 (a) shows an example of power consumption and power generation, and
- FIG. 3 (b) shows another example of power consumption and power generation.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the power supply system 10.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration of a computer 200 for controlling the power supply system 10. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of an apartment house 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the collective housing 100 includes a plurality of living units (60a to 60c) and an electric power supply system 10.
- the power supply system 10 supplies power to a plurality of loads (40a to 40c) provided in a plurality of living areas (60a to 60c).
- the power supply system 10 includes a plurality of fuel cells (30a to 30c), a power network 20 and a control unit 50.
- a plurality of fuel cells (30a to 30c) are provided corresponding to a plurality of loads (40a to 40c), respectively, and the corresponding loads (40a to 40c) are provided.
- Power to be supplied to Each fuel cell (30a to 30c) may generate power corresponding to the power consumed by the corresponding load (40a to 40c), or may generate a predetermined power. You may.
- the power network 20 is connected to a plurality of fuel cells (30a to 30c), and each of the fuel cells (30a to 30c) generates a corresponding load ( The surplus power other than the power supplied to 40 a to 40 c) is received.
- the power network 20 supplies the received surplus power to loads (40a to 40c) for which power is insufficient. That is, the power network 20 receives the surplus power from the fuel cells (30a to 30b) that generate power larger than the power consumed by the corresponding loads (40a to 40c), and Power is supplied to loads (40a to 40c) that consume more power than the power generated by 30a to 30b).
- the control unit 50 controls the power generation amount of each fuel cell (30a to 30c) so that the power generation efficiency of each fuel cell (30a to 30c) is increased. You. Details of the control unit 50 will be described later.
- each load (40a to 40c) requires the maximum power (peak power) at the same time, so one load (40a to 40c) is used for peak power.
- power may be supplemented to the load from the fuel cells (30a to 30c) corresponding to the other loads (40a to 40c). Therefore, even if each fuel cell (30a to 30c) does not have the ability to generate the peak value of the power consumption of the corresponding load (40a to 40c), the power can be stabilized.
- the total power generation capacity of the plurality of fuel cells (30a to 30c) is reduced by interconnecting the plurality of fuel cells (30a to 30c). Can be.
- the total power generation capacity of multiple fuel cells (30a to 30c) is CXN.
- the failure probability of the fuel cell (30a to 30c) is R and the maximum value of the total power consumption of multiple loads (40a to 40c) is ⁇ (N)
- the rate is the probability that ⁇ M (N)> CXNX (1 -R).
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the power generation efficiency of the fuel cells (30a to 30c).
- the horizontal axis indicates the amount of power generated by the fuel cell
- the vertical axis indicates the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell.
- power generation efficiency increases with the amount of power generated. For this reason, it is preferable that the control unit 50 controls each of the fuel cells (30a to 30c) so as to generate power larger than a predetermined power generation amount.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of the power consumption of the load (40a to 40c).
- the fuel cells (30a to 30c) generate electric power according to the power consumption of the corresponding loads (40a to 40c). As shown in FIG. In a to 30c), power generation efficiency is low in areas where the amount of power generation is low.
- the control unit 50 controls the amount of power to be supplied to each load (40a to 40c), that is, the amount of power consumed by each load (40a to 40c). If the power is smaller than the predetermined first threshold, the power generation of the fuel cell 30a corresponding to the load 40a is stopped, and the power to be supplied to the load 40a is changed to another fuel cell ( Generate power as surplus power at 30b to 30c). In this case, the control unit 50 selects, from the other fuel cells (30b to 30b), the number of fuel cells capable of generating the electric power in order from the one with the largest power generation amount, and generates the power. ,.
- the control unit 50 controls the surplus power supplied from the power network 20 to the load 40a corresponding to the fuel cell 30a in which the power generation has been stopped, that is, the power consumption. Is larger than the second threshold, which is larger than the first threshold, the fuel cell 30a whose power generation has been stopped is caused to generate power to be supplied to the load 40a, and the other fuel cells (30 In b to 30c), the generation of surplus power may be stopped.
- the stop / start of fuel cell power generation is determined based on only the first threshold, the stop of fuel cell power generation is started. Is frequently repeated, and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell decreases. According to the example described in FIG. 3, the repetition of stopping / starting the power generation of the fuel cells (30a to 30c) is reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cells (30a to 30c) is reduced. Can be improved.
- the control unit 50 When the average value of the power consumed by the loads (40a to 40c) within a predetermined time in the past is smaller than the first threshold, the control unit 50 responds to the load. Power generation of the fuel cell (30a to 30c) to be stopped may be stopped, and the power to be supplied to the load may be generated as surplus power for another fuel cell (30a to 30c). . In addition, the control unit 50 calculates the average value of the surplus power supplied from the power network 20 to the load 40a corresponding to the fuel cell 30a whose power generation has been stopped within a predetermined time in the past.
- the fuel cell 30a whose power generation has been stopped is caused to generate power to be supplied to the load 40a, and the other fuel cells (30b to 30c) are generated.
- the generation of surplus power may be stopped. Also according to this, it is possible to reduce the number of times the fuel cells (30a to 30c) stop and stop the power generation, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.
- fuel cells respond slowly to changes in power consumption.
- the response to a change in power consumption when the load is started may be slow.
- the control unit 50 supplies the electric power necessary for starting each load (40a to 40b) to the fuel cell (3) corresponding to the load (40a to 40b) already started. 0a to 30b) may be generated as surplus power.
- the control unit 50 waits for a predetermined time from the activation of each load (40 a to 40 c), and The fuel cells (30a to 30c) may generate power to be supplied to the load, and the other fuel cells (30a to 30c) may stop generating surplus power. By such control, the response of power supply can be improved.
- control unit 50 calculates the amount of power generation of the corresponding fuel cell (30a to 30c) from the power consumption of each load (40a to 40c) within a predetermined time in the past. When the value is larger than a predetermined value, the power generation amount of the fuel cell may be reduced. In addition, the control unit 50 determines that the average value of the power received from each load (40 a to 40 c) power S power network 20 within a predetermined time in the past is larger than a predetermined value. The power generation amount of the fuel cell (30a to 30c) corresponding to the load may be increased.
- the fuel cells (30a to 30c) are controlled. c) The fluctuations in the amount of power generation can be suppressed and stable power generation can be performed.
- the controller 50 selects the total number of fuel cells (30a to 30c) that can be generated by the total power consumption of the plurality of loads (40a to 40c), and selects the selected fuel cells (30a to 30c). In 30a to 30c), the total power consumption may be generated. That is, when the fuel cells (30a to 30c) generate power at the maximum efficiency, the number of fuel cells (30a to 30c) that can generate the total power consumption is selected. Even with such control, the power generation efficiency of the entire fuel cell (30a to 30c) can be improved.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the power supply system 10.
- the power network 20 of the power supply system 10 is connected to an external power source. If the total power consumption of the multiple loads (40a to 40c) exceeds the total power generation capacity of the multiple fuel cells (30a to 30c), the power network 20 Receives insufficient power from the source and supplies it to the load (40a to 40c).
- the external power source may be another power supply system 10 or a power storage device.
- the external power source is another power supply system 10
- the respective power networks 20 are connected to each other and transfer power. In this way, by connecting to another power supply system 10, the reliability of power supply can be further improved. Can be improved.
- the power storage device supplies the load (40a to 40c) of the surplus power supplied from the fuel cells (30a to 30c) to the power network 20. Unstored power is stored, and when the total demand power of multiple loads (40a to 40c) exceeds the total power generation that multiple fuel cells (30a to 30c) can generate, the stored power To multiple loads (40a to 40c). With such a configuration, the reliability of power supply can be further improved.
- the control unit 50 increases the power generation amount of the plurality of fuel cells (30a to 30c) and charges the power storage device when the power stored in the power storage device falls below a predetermined value. Is preferred.
- the control unit 50 determines the total amount of power generation of the plurality of fuel cells (30 a to 30 c) and the total amount of power supplied to the plurality of loads (40 a to 40 c) within a predetermined time in the past. Based on this, the amount of power stored in the power storage device may be calculated.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of a configuration of a computer 200 for controlling the power supply system 10.
- the computer 200 stores a program that causes the power supply system 10 to function as described with reference to FIGS.
- the computer 200 includes a CPU 700, a ROM 702, a RAM 704, a communication interface 706, a hard disk drive 710, an FD drive 712, and a CD-ROM drive 716.
- the CPU 700 operates based on programs stored in the ROM 702, the RAM 704, the hard disk drive 710, the flexible disk 714, and / or the CD-ROM 718.
- a program that causes the power supply system 10 to function includes the power supply system 10 that functions as the power network 20, the plurality of fuel cells (30a to 30c), and the control unit 50 described with reference to FIGS. Let it. Further, the computer 200 may function as the control unit 50 based on the program.
- the communication interface 706 communicates with, for example, the power supply system 10.
- a hard disk drive 710 as an example of a storage device stores setting information and a program for operating the CPU 700. ROM702, RAM704, and / or The hard disk drive 710 stores a program for causing the power supply system 10 to function as the power supply system 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. Further, the program may be stored in a flexible disk 714, a CD-ROM 722, a hard disk drive 710, or the like.
- the FD drive 712 reads the program from the flexible disk 714 and provides it to the CPU 700.
- the CD-ROM drive 716 reads the program from the CD-ROM 718 and provides it to the CPU 700.
- the program may be read directly from the recording medium into the RAM and executed, or may be read into the RAM after being installed in the hard disk drive and executed. Further, the program may be stored on a single recording medium or on a plurality of recording media. Further, the program stored in the recording medium may provide each function in cooperation with the operating system. For example, the program may request the operating system to perform some or all of the functions, and provide the functions based on a response from the operating system.
- Recording media for storing programs include flexible disks, CD-ROMs, optical recording media such as DVDs and PDs, magneto-optical recording media such as MDs, tape media, magnetic recording media, IC cards and miniature media.
- a semiconductor memory such as a card can be used.
- a storage device such as a hard disk or a RAM provided in a server system connected to a dedicated communication network or the Internet may be used as a recording medium.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2003-010295 | 2003-01-17 | ||
JP2003010295A JP4034194B2 (ja) | 2003-01-17 | 2003-01-17 | 電力供給システム、および、集合住宅 |
Publications (1)
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WO2004066471A1 true WO2004066471A1 (ja) | 2004-08-05 |
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PCT/JP2004/000305 WO2004066471A1 (ja) | 2003-01-17 | 2004-01-16 | 電力供給システム、集合住宅、及びプログラム |
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JP (2) | JP4034194B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004066471A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7610498B2 (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2009-10-27 | Marvell World Trade Ltd. | Very low voltage power distribution for mobile devices |
JP4489640B2 (ja) * | 2005-06-02 | 2010-06-23 | 静岡瓦斯株式会社 | 電力供給制御装置、電力供給制御方法、電力供給システム、及びプログラム |
JP4889295B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-13 | 2012-03-07 | 出光興産株式会社 | 燃料電池起動制御システム、燃料電池起動制御方法及び制御プログラム |
JP4917810B2 (ja) * | 2006-01-20 | 2012-04-18 | 株式会社Eneosセルテック | 燃料電池システム、燃料電池制御システム、燃料電池システム制御方法、及びプログラム |
JP5446156B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-11 | 2014-03-19 | パナソニック株式会社 | 分散型発電システム、及びその制御方法 |
JP5315813B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-24 | 2013-10-16 | パナソニック株式会社 | 分散型発電システム、及びその制御方法 |
JP5575457B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-06 | 2014-08-20 | パナソニック株式会社 | 配電システム |
JP5520574B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-06 | 2014-06-11 | パナソニック株式会社 | 電力融通システム |
JP5729764B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-28 | 2015-06-03 | 京セラ株式会社 | 集合住宅電力システム及び制御装置 |
JP2015126564A (ja) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-07-06 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 電力融通システム |
JP6452330B2 (ja) * | 2014-07-10 | 2019-01-16 | 京セラ株式会社 | 発電装置、発電システム、および発電方法 |
JP7236983B2 (ja) * | 2019-11-12 | 2023-03-10 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 電力融通システム及び電力融通方法 |
JP7250665B2 (ja) * | 2019-11-26 | 2023-04-03 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 電力融通システム及び電力融通方法 |
JP7365950B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-25 | 2023-10-20 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 燃料電池設備 |
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JP2001307758A (ja) * | 2000-04-21 | 2001-11-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システムおよび電気自動車 |
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JP2002171666A (ja) * | 2000-11-29 | 2002-06-14 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | エネルギおよび情報の供給方法 |
US20020102447A1 (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-08-01 | Kabushikikaisha Equos Research | Fuel cell apparatus and method of controlling fuel cell apparatus |
JP2002358991A (ja) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-12-13 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 燃料電池発電システムの運転方法及び燃料電池発電システム |
WO2002103830A1 (fr) * | 2001-06-18 | 2002-12-27 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Appareil de cogeneration, procede de cogeneration, programme et support de donnees associes |
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2003
- 2003-01-17 JP JP2003010295A patent/JP4034194B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2004
- 2004-01-16 WO PCT/JP2004/000305 patent/WO2004066471A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2006
- 2006-05-22 JP JP2006142099A patent/JP4202371B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2001307758A (ja) * | 2000-04-21 | 2001-11-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システムおよび電気自動車 |
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JP2002171666A (ja) * | 2000-11-29 | 2002-06-14 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | エネルギおよび情報の供給方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4202371B2 (ja) | 2008-12-24 |
JP4034194B2 (ja) | 2008-01-16 |
JP2004266879A (ja) | 2004-09-24 |
JP2006262697A (ja) | 2006-09-28 |
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