WO2004056548A1 - Compression moulding device and method - Google Patents

Compression moulding device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004056548A1
WO2004056548A1 PCT/CH2003/000825 CH0300825W WO2004056548A1 WO 2004056548 A1 WO2004056548 A1 WO 2004056548A1 CH 0300825 W CH0300825 W CH 0300825W WO 2004056548 A1 WO2004056548 A1 WO 2004056548A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
mold
pressure
core
plastic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH2003/000825
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Thomasset
Original Assignee
Aisapack Holding Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aisapack Holding Sa filed Critical Aisapack Holding Sa
Priority to AU2003303158A priority Critical patent/AU2003303158A1/en
Publication of WO2004056548A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004056548A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/36—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/10—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non-rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts or dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/36—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/42—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles for undercut articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/16—Lining or labelling
    • B29C51/165—Lining or labelling combined with the feeding or the shaping of the lining or the labels
    • B29C51/167—Lining or labelling combined with the feeding or the shaping of the lining or the labels of a continuous strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/36—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/361—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles with pressing members independently movable of the parts for opening or closing the mould, e.g. movable pistons
    • B29C2043/3615—Forming elements, e.g. mandrels or rams or stampers or pistons or plungers or punching devices
    • B29C2043/3631—Forming elements, e.g. mandrels or rams or stampers or pistons or plungers or punching devices moving in a frame for pressing and stretching; material being subjected to compressing stretching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0017—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with blow-moulding or thermoforming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/08—Deep drawing or matched-mould forming, i.e. using mechanical means only
    • B29C51/082—Deep drawing or matched-mould forming, i.e. using mechanical means only by shaping between complementary mould parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/14—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25—Solid
    • B29K2105/253—Preform
    • B29K2105/258—Tubular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/20—Flexible squeeze tubes, e.g. for cosmetics

Definitions

  • the present invention is. relates to a compression molding method and device for producing a plastic object of cylindrical or slightly conical geometry.
  • the method and the device are particularly intended, but not exclusively, for the production of thin-walled plastic objects used in the packaging sector, or for the production of PET objects such as preforms.
  • the compression molding process consists in feeding material in the liquid state into the cavity of an at least partially closed mold, then in completing the filling of the cavity by compressing the material when the mold is closed.
  • There are a large number of variants of the compression molding process which consist in conjugating over time the injection of material into the mold with the closing of the mold.
  • the compression molding process has many advantages because it makes it possible to significantly reduce the efforts involved in forming the object. It also makes it possible to improve the properties of use of the object such as for example the impact resistance, the optical properties or the dimensional stability. These improved properties result essentially from the reduction in flow stresses during the formation of the object.
  • the compression molding process is present in a wide variety of fields such as automotive, packaging, audio-video, etc.
  • the compression molding process makes it possible to sub-mold or over-mold fragile materials such as decorative films, fabrics, leathers or imitation leathers.
  • the compression molding process is used for the production of CDs or DVDs where very high quality optical properties are required.
  • the compression molding process as currently known is particularly suitable for flat or shallow parts where the flow of material when the mold is closed is mainly carried out in a plane perpendicular to the movement of the mold.
  • the subject of the present invention is a method and a device for compression molding making it possible to produce cylindrical or weakly conical parts advantageously compared to current technologies. According to the invention, a significant improvement is obtained by optimizing the flow mode of the molten material in the tooling, leading to improved properties of the part produced.
  • the invention relates to a compression molding method as defined in claims 1 to 9.
  • the invention also relates to a compression molding device as defined in claims 10 to 18.
  • Figures 1 schematically shows a first embodiment.
  • the compression molding device comprises at least one mold consisting of a female footprint 1 and a core 3 sliding inside the female footprint 1; a part 2 adjacent to the mold and a piston 4 forming a cavity of variable volume 5.
  • the cavity 5 is connected to the mold by a passage 8 formed between the part 2 and the core 3.
  • the core 3 moves relative to the female imprint 1 progressively reducing the volume of the cavity 6, and the piston 4 moves relative to the part 2 progressively reducing the volume of the cavity 5.
  • the molten material is fed jointly from the cavities 5 and 6 of the device.
  • the molten material 7 in the tank 6 is pushed by the core 3 and covers the surface of the female imprint 1; the molten material in the tank 5 is pushed by the piston 4 and covers the surface of the core 3.
  • the flow of the material in the device as described in FIG. 1 is particularly advantageous for reducing the flow stresses during the formation of the side walls of the object.
  • the thermal of the process as described in FIG. 1 is particularly advantageous, the molten material cooling little in the tanks 6 and 5 during the molding.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the device further comprising closure means 9 of the reservoir 5, and means 10, 11 for discharging the air of the cavity 6.
  • the shutter 9 slides around the core 3 to open or close the passage 8. In the closed position, the shutter 9 closes the passage 8 and isolates the reservoir 5 from the mold imprint defined by 1 and 3
  • the pipe 10 associated with the porous element 11 makes it possible to evacuate the air (or other gas or liquid) trapped in the cavity 6 or to maintain an air pressure in the cavity 6 during molding.
  • a device comprising sealing means is particularly advantageous when at least one of the parts 2 or 4 is heated to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the plastic, the female imprint of the mold 1 and the core 3 being generally cooled. to solidify the material in the mold.
  • Figures 3 to 7 illustrate the different stages of molding with a device as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
  • Figure 3 shows the supply of molten material to the device.
  • the dose of molten material 13 is fed into the cavity 12 formed between the part 2, the core 3 and the piston 4.
  • FIG. 4 shows the closing of the mold as well as the distribution of the molten material in the cavities 5 and 6.
  • the female imprint 1 is positioned in the extension of the part 2.
  • the core 3 advances to the interior of the cavity 1, forming the passage 8 between the part 2 and the core 3, and distributing the molten material in the cavities 5 and 6.
  • the amount of material in the cavities 5 and 6 is about the same.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an intermediate stage in the formation of the object according to the invention.
  • the displacement of the core 3 inside the female cavity 1, combined with the pressure exerted in the cavity 5 by means of the piston 4 leads to the progressive filling of the mold cavity.
  • a gas or liquid pressure in the cavity 6 can be used.
  • Figure 6 illustrates the final step of filling the mold cavity.
  • the mold being filled, the material cools in contact with the mold causing a reduction in volume.
  • a surplus of material 7 is kept under pressure in the cavity 6 by means of the core 3, and a surplus of material 14 is kept under pressure in the cavity 5 by means of the piston 4.
  • the compensation for shrinkage by the two ends of the part is particularly advantageous for reducing pressures, the path to be taken being twice as short compared to a conventional molding where the part is fed by only one end.
  • Figure 7 shows the cooled part in the device just before ejection.
  • the piston 4 forms the end 15 of the object, the other end 16 being formed between the female imprint 1 and the core 3.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of the molding device according to a first variant which however has several points in common with the previous examples. Therefore, the same reference numbers will be used for parts performing the same function. This simplification will moreover be used with all the variants of e the description below.
  • the compression molding device comprises at least one mold consisting of a female cavity 1 and two cores 3 and 17 facing each other and sliding inside the female cavity 1; a part 2 adjacent to the mold and a piston 4 forming a cavity of variable volume 5.
  • the cavity 5 is connected to the mold by a passage 8 formed between the part 2 and the core 3.
  • the core 17 is located in relative movement with respect to the female imprint 1 without the plastic material contained in the cavity 6 being able to escape between the wall of the core 17 and the female imprint 1.
  • the facing cores 3 and 17 move relative to the female imprint 1 progressively reducing the volume of the cavity 6, and the piston 4 moves relative to the part 2 gradually reducing the volume of the cavity 5.
  • the core 17 makes it possible to create pressure in the cavity 6 during molding.
  • the molten material is fed jointly from the cavities 5 and 6 of the device.
  • the molten material 7 in the tank 6 is pushed by the core 3 and covers the surface of the female imprint 1; the molten material in the tank 5 is pushed by the piston 4 and covers the surface of the core 3.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic representation of the device shown in Figure 8 further comprising closure means 9 of the reservoir 5.
  • the shutter 9 slides around the core 3 to open or close the passage 8. In the closed position, the shutter 9 closes passage 8 and isolates reservoir 5 from the mold footprint defined by 1 and 3.
  • Figures 10 to 14 illustrate the different stages of molding with a device as illustrated in Figure 9.
  • Figure 10 shows the supply of molten material to the device.
  • the dose of molten material 13 is fed into the cavity 12 formed by the part 2 and the core 17.
  • FIG. 11 shows the closing of the mold as well as the distribution of the melted material in the cavities 5 and 6.
  • the piston 4, the shutter 9 and the core 3 are positioned in the extension of the part 2
  • the core 3 advances inside the cavity 1, forming the passage 8 between the part 2 and the core 3, and distributing the molten material in the cavities 5 and 6.
  • respective movements of the core 17 and the piston 4 are controlled in order to distribute the material properly in the cavities 5 and 6.
  • the amount of material in the cavities 5 and 6 is about the same.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates an intermediate stage in the formation of the object according to the invention.
  • the displacement of the core 3 inside the female imprint 1, combined with the pressure exerted in the cavity 5 via the piston 4 and the pressure exerted in the cavity 6 via the core 17 leads to the progressive filling of the mold cavity.
  • Figure 13 illustrates the end of the filling of the mold cavity.
  • the mold being filled, the material cools in contact with the mold causing a reduction in volume.
  • a surplus of material 7 is kept under pressure in the cavity 6 by means of the core 3
  • a surplus of material 14 is kept under pressure in the cavity 5 by means of the piston 4 or the shutter 9.
  • Compensation for shrinkage by the two ends of the part is particularly advantageous for reducing the pressures, the path to be performed being twice as short compared to a conventional molding where the part is supplied by only one end.
  • Figure 14 shows the cooled part in the device just before ejection.
  • the shutter 9 which closes the passage 8 makes it possible to isolate the molded material from the part 2. This configuration with shutter is particularly advantageous when the part 2 is maintained at a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the material.
  • the shutter 9 forms the end 15 of the object, the other end 16 being formed between the female imprint 1 and the core 3.
  • the use of a shutter 9 makes it possible to keep a surplus of material 18 in the cavity 5.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic representation of the molding device according to a second variant which differs from the previous examples due to the mode of feeding the material into the device.
  • the compression molding device comprises at least one mold consisting of a female cavity 1 and of a cores 3 sliding inside the female cavity 1; a part 2 adjacent to the mold comprising a cavity 5 in which the material is supplied by a channel 19.
  • the cavity 5 is connected to the mold by a passage 8 formed between the part 2 and the core 3.
  • the core 3 moves relative to the female imprint 1 progressively reducing the volume of the cavity 6, and pressure is exerted in the cavity 5 via the supply channel 19 so that the material escapes from the cavity 5.
  • the molten material is fed jointly from the cavities 5 and 6 of the device.
  • the molten material 7 in the tank 6 is pushed by the core 3 and covers the surface of the female imprint 1; the molten material in the tank 5 is pressurized and covers the surface of the core 3.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic representation of the device presented in FIG. 15 also comprising a second core 17 opposite the core 3 and sliding in the female cavity 1 so that the molten material contained in the cavity 6 cannot escape between the core 17 and the female imprint 1.
  • Figures 17 to 21 illustrate the different stages of molding with a device as illustrated in Figure 15.
  • Figure 17 shows the supply of molten material into the device.
  • the dose of molten material 13 is fed into the device via the feed channel 19 connecting the plasticization tool to the part 2.
  • FIG. 18 shows the closing of the mold as well as the precise metering of the molten material in the cavity 6.
  • the core 3 advances inside the cavity 1, forming the passage 8 between the part 2 and the core 3.
  • pressure is exerted in the cavity 5 via the channel 19 so that a controlled quantity of material escapes from the cavity 5 through the passage 8 and fills part of the cavity 6.
  • FIG. 19 illustrates an intermediate stage in the formation of the object according to the invention.
  • the displacement of the core 3 inside the female imprint 1, combined with the pressure exerted in the cavity 5 via the channel 19 leads to the progressive filling of the mold cavity.
  • a gas or liquid pressure in the cavity 6 can be used.
  • the pipe 10 associated with the porous element 11 allows the air (or other gas or liquid) trapped in the cavity 6 to be evacuated or to maintain a air pressure in cavity 6 during molding
  • Figure 20 illustrates the end of the filling of the mold cavity.
  • the mold being filled, the material cools in contact with the mold causing a reduction in volume.
  • a surplus of material 7 is kept in pressure in the cavity 6 by means of the core 3, and the material in the cavity 5 is kept in pressure by means of the channel 19.
  • Compensation for the shrinkages by the two ends of the part is particularly advantageous for reducing the pressures, the path to be carried out being twice shorter compared to a conventional molding where the part is fed by only one end.
  • Figure 21 shows the part cooled in the device just before ejection.
  • the shutter 9 which closes the passage 8 makes it possible to isolate the molded material from the part 2. This configuration with shutter is particularly advantageous when the part 2 is maintained at a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the material.
  • the shutter 9 forms the end 15 of the object, the other end 16 being formed between the female imprint 1 and the core 3.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic representation of the molding device according to a third variant which differs from the previous examples due to the conical geometry of the molded object.
  • the compression molding device comprises at least one mold consisting of a female cavity 1 of conical geometry and a conical core 3 sliding inside the female cavity 1; a part 2 adjacent to the mold and a piston 4 forming a cavity of variable volume 5.
  • the cavity 5 is connected to the mold by a passage 8 formed between the part
  • Figure 23 shows a compression molding device for conical parts similar to the device of Figure 22 but whose feeding mode differs.
  • the molten material is fed into the device via a channel 19 connecting the plasticization unit to the cavity 5 of the part 2.
  • the operating principle is identical to that described in FIGS. 17 to 21.
  • FIG. 24 illustrates a compression molding device similar to the device of FIG. 22 but also comprising a second core 17 opposite the core 3 and sliding in the female cavity 1 so that the molten material contained in the cavity 6 cannot escape between the core 17 and the female imprint 1.
  • the core 3 moves relative to the female imprint 1 progressively reducing the volume of the cavity 6, and a pressure is exerted in the cavity 5 by means of the piston 4 so that material escapes from the cavity 5.
  • the molten material is fed jointly from the cavities 5 and 6 of the device .
  • the molten material 7 in the tank 6 is pushed by the core 3 and covers the surface of the female imprint 1; the molten material in the tank 5 is pushed by the piston 4 and covers the surface of the core 3. It is important to note that due to the conicity of the female imprint 1 and the core 3, a cavity 20 is formed there. between the nucleus
  • the material contained in the reservoir 6 does not tend to flow into the cavity 21, due to the relative movement of core 17 relative to the footprint female 1.
  • the material contained in the reservoir 5 does not tend to flow into the cavity 20, due to the relative movement of the core 3 relative to the shutter 9.
  • the viscosity of the material as well as the conicity of the female imprint 1 and of the core 3 modify the propensity of the material to fill the cavities
  • the volume of the cavities 20 and 21 decreases during molding to reach a zero value at the end of molding.
  • the method makes it possible to produce parts with a taper of up to 20 °, a taper of less than 5 ° being preferable.
  • Figure 25 shows a compression molding device for conical parts similar to the device of Figure 24 but whose feeding mode differs.
  • the molten material is fed into the device via a channel 19 connecting the plasticization unit to the cavity 5 of the part 2.
  • Figures 26 to 30 illustrate the different stages of molding with a device as illustrated in Figure 22.
  • Figure 26 shows the supply of molten material to the device.
  • the dose of molten material 13 is fed into the cavity 12 formed between the part 2, the core 3, the piston 4 and the shutter 9.
  • FIG. 27 shows the closing of the mold as well as the distribution of the molten material in the cavities 5 and 6.
  • the female imprint 1 is positioned in the extension of the part 2.
  • the core 3 then advances to inside the cavity 1, forming the passage 8 between the part 2 and the core 3, and distributing the molten material in the cavities 5 and 6.
  • FIG. 28 illustrates an intermediate stage in the formation of the object according to the invention.
  • the displacement of the core 3 inside the female imprint 1, combined with the pressure exerted in the cavity 5 by means of the piston 4 leads to the gradual filling of the mold cavity.
  • a gas or liquid pressure in the cavity 6 can be used.
  • Figure 29 illustrates the final step of filling the mold cavity.
  • the mold being filled, the material cools in contact with the mold causing a reduction in volume.
  • a surplus of material 7 is kept under pressure in the cavity 6 by means of the core 3, and a surplus of material 14 is kept under pressure in the cavity 5 by means of the piston 4.
  • the compensation for shrinkage by the two ends of the part is particularly advantageous for reducing pressures, the path to be taken being twice as short compared to a conventional molding where the part is fed by only one end. Note that the cavity 21 no longer exists.
  • Figure 30 shows the cooled part in the device just before ejection.
  • the shutter 9 which closes the passage 8 forms the end 15 of the object, the other end 16 being formed between the female imprint 1 and the core 3.
  • FIG. 31 shows a compression molding device according to the invention comprising a system for distributing the molten material around the circumference 22 allowing a balanced flow of the material in the cavity 5.
  • the distribution system 22 is shown schematically and known systems such as cardioids, spiral chucks, etc. can be used.
  • Figures 32 to 35 illustrate an example of manufacturing a preform according to the invention.
  • the female cavity of the mold consists of blocks 1 ′ and 1 ", the block 1" opening in two parts in order to allow the object to be removed from the mold.
  • Parts 2 and 9 of the device are regulated at the temperature of the molten material during its transfer into the device, while parts V, 1 "and 3 are cooled.
  • Figure 32 shows the supply of molten material to the device.
  • a controlled quantity of molten material 7 is fed into the device via the feed channel 19 connecting the plasticization tool to the part 2.
  • FIG. 33 illustrates an intermediate stage in the formation of the object according to the invention.
  • the displacement of the core 3 inside the female imprint 1 'and 1 "combined with the pressure exerted in the cavity 5 via the channel 19 leads to the progressive filling of the mold cavity.
  • a gas pressure or liquid in the cavity 6 can be used, one can also note the decrease in the quantity of material 7 in the cavity 6.
  • Figure 34 shows the part cooled in the device just before ejection.
  • the shutter 9 closes the passage 8 and closes the material channel 19.
  • the shutter 9 forms the end 15 of the object, the other end 16 being formed between the female imprint 1 and the core 3.
  • Figure 35 shows the object obtained after cooling and ejection of the device.
  • FIG. 36 shows a device for producing multilayer parts.
  • the device comprises three feed channels 19 ', 19 "and 19" "which connect the injection device for each material to the cavities 5', 5" and 5 “" of the molding device.
  • Figures 37 to 40 show the different stages of the manufacture of a multilayer object with a device as illustrated in Figure 36.
  • Figure 37 shows the supply of molten material to the device.
  • the doses of molten material 13 ′, 13 ′′ and 13 ′′ are fed simultaneously or sequentially into the cavities 5 ′, 5 ′′ and 5 ′′, so as to adjust the respective quantity of each layer. It is important to note that the quantity of material dosed 13 '"is much greater than the quantities dosed 13' and 13".
  • a simultaneous or sequential dosing is chosen and the movement of parts 3, 17 and 9 during the optimized dosing.
  • One method consists, for example, in feeding the doses 13 ', 13 "and 13'” simultaneously, the cores 3 and 17 being stationary and positioned so that the layers 13 ', 13 "and 13””form a symmetrical multilayer structure.
  • the core 17 is then moved simultaneously with a dosage of material 13 '", the layers 13' and 13" being no longer supplied in order to form a surplus of material 13 ".
  • a mechanism for evacuating the air must be provided in cores 3 or 17.
  • FIG. 38 illustrates an intermediate step in the formation of the object according to the invention.
  • the displacement of the core 3 inside the female cavity 1, combined with the pressure exerted in the cavities 5 ', 5 ", 5'" and 6 leads to the progressive filling of the mold cavity. Note that the quantity of material supplied through the cavity 5 '"is generally low or even zero.
  • Figure 39 illustrates the last step of filling the mold cavity.
  • the mold being filled the material cools in contact with the mold causing a reduction in volume.
  • a surplus of material 7 is kept under pressure in the cavity 6 by means of the core 3, and the material is kept under pressure in the cavities 5 ', 5 "and 5". It is also possible to maintain the pressure in only one of the cavities 5 (5 '"for example) in order to feed a single material and avoid the emergence of the barrier layer on the surface of the object.
  • Figure 40 shows the cooled part in the device just before ejection.
  • the shutter 9 isolates the cavities 5 ', 5 "and 5" from the object.
  • FIG. 41 shows the sheet 24 heated in an oven 23 and then inserted into the device between the female mold 1 and the part 2.
  • Two doses 13 ′ and 13 " are supplied on either side of the sheet 23.
  • One method consists feed the dose 13 'into the device, then insert the sheet between 1 and 2, then feed the dose 13 ".
  • infrared heating of the sheet 24 is used, but other modes of heating may also be suitable.
  • the sheet has either one or more layers.
  • the sheet is heated to the highest possible temperature and at a minimum to the sheet thermoforming temperature.
  • a second heating operation of the sheet can be envisaged inside the device and before feeding the dose 13 ", in order to improve the flow properties of the material 24 during the formation of the object in the device.
  • FIG. 42 shows the formation of the multilayer object in the device, the layer 26 deforming in shear or elongation between the layers 25 ′ and 25 ′′; the layers 25 ′, 26 and 25 ′′ being derived respectively from the materials 13 ′, 24 and 13 "supplied to the device.
  • FIG. 43 illustrates the multilayer object obtained with the method and the device presented in FIGS. 41 and 42.
  • Figures 44 to 46 show the manufacture of a multilayer object by feeding three materials into the device.
  • FIG. 44 illustrates the feeding of the doses 1 3 ′, 1 3 ′′ and 13 ′′ in the device as well as their respective position in the tanks 5 and 6 before molding.
  • Figure 45 illustrates the molding of the object with the formation of layers 25 ', 25 "and 25'” respectively from doses 13 ', 13 "and 13'".
  • FIG. 46 shows the multilayer object obtained.
  • the molding device can advantageously be inserted into a more complex assembly leading to the production of objects at high rates.
  • several molding devices can be operated simultaneously and be part of a single machine. It is for example possible to design an injection mold comprising several cavities, the object molded in each cavity being produced according to the invention. You can also design a sequential manufacturing process.
  • the molding devices according to the invention are arranged for example on a rotary device of the carousel type and actuated sequentially. It goes without saying that methods combining simultaneous and sequential actions can be envisaged.
  • FIG. 47 illustrates a simultaneous molding device comprising several cavities.
  • the device comprises the two complementary parts 1 and 3 of a mold comprising several cavities, a piston 4 sliding inside the part 2, shutters 9 actuated simultaneously, and a material supply orifice 19.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for compression moulding of an elongated object whereby a certain amount of plastic material is initially fed into a mould. The invention is characterized in that said amount of plastic material is distributed into a first container (6) and a second container (5) interconnected by a passageway (8), said containers moving relatively to each other inside the mould and filling with plastic material said passageway, the latter forming said elongated object. The invention also concerns a device for implementing said method.

Description

Dispositif et procédé de moulage par compression Compression molding device and method
Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention
La présente invention se. rapporte à un procédé et à un dispositif de moulage par compression pour la réalisation d'un objet plastique de géométrie cylindrique ou légèrement conique.The present invention is. relates to a compression molding method and device for producing a plastic object of cylindrical or slightly conical geometry.
Le procédé et le dispositif sont particulièrement destinés mais pas de façon exclusive à la réalisation d'objets en matière plastique à paroi fine utilisés dans le secteur de l'emballage, ou à la réalisation d'objets en PET tels que des préformes.The method and the device are particularly intended, but not exclusively, for the production of thin-walled plastic objects used in the packaging sector, or for the production of PET objects such as preforms.
Etat de la techniqueState of the art
Le procédé de moulage par compression consiste à alimenter de la matière à l'état liquide dans la cavité d'un moule au moins partiellement fermé, puis à terminer le remplissage de la cavité par compression de la matière lors de la fermeture du moule. Il existe un grand nombre de variantes du procédé de moulage par compression qui consistent à conjuguer dans le temps l'injection de matière dans le moule avec la fermeture du moule.The compression molding process consists in feeding material in the liquid state into the cavity of an at least partially closed mold, then in completing the filling of the cavity by compressing the material when the mold is closed. There are a large number of variants of the compression molding process which consist in conjugating over time the injection of material into the mold with the closing of the mold.
Le procédé de moulage par compression comporte de nombreux avantages car il permet de diminuer de façon importante les efforts mis en jeu pour la formation de l'objet. Il permet également d'améliorer les propriétés d'usage de l'objet comme par exemple la résistance au chocs, les propriétés optiques ou la stabilité dimensionnelle. Ces propriétés améliorées résultent essentiellement de la réduction des contraintes d'écoulement lors de la formation de l'objet.The compression molding process has many advantages because it makes it possible to significantly reduce the efforts involved in forming the object. It also makes it possible to improve the properties of use of the object such as for example the impact resistance, the optical properties or the dimensional stability. These improved properties result essentially from the reduction in flow stresses during the formation of the object.
Selon la façon dont la matière est alimentée dans la cavité du moule, on parle d'injection compression quand le procédé de compression est couplé au procédé d'injection, ou d'extrusion compression quand le procédé de compression est couplé au procédé d'extrusion.Depending on how the material is fed into the mold cavity, we speak of compression injection when the compression process is coupled to the process injection, or extrusion compression when the compression process is coupled to the extrusion process.
Le procédé de moulage par compression est présent dans des domaines très variés comme l'automobile, l'emballage, l'audio-vidéo, etc. Le procédé de moulage par compression permet de sous-mouler ou sur-mouler des matériaux fragiles tels que des films de décoration, des tissus, des cuirs ou simili-cuirs. Le procédé de moulage par compression est utilisé pour la fabrication de CD ou DVD où des propriétés optiques de très hautes qualité sont requises.The compression molding process is present in a wide variety of fields such as automotive, packaging, audio-video, etc. The compression molding process makes it possible to sub-mold or over-mold fragile materials such as decorative films, fabrics, leathers or imitation leathers. The compression molding process is used for the production of CDs or DVDs where very high quality optical properties are required.
Le procédé de moulage par compression tel que connu actuellement est particulièrement adapté aux pièces planes ou peu profondes où l'écoulement de matière lors de la fermeture du moule s'effectue principalement dans un plan perpendiculaire au mouvement du moule.The compression molding process as currently known is particularly suitable for flat or shallow parts where the flow of material when the mold is closed is mainly carried out in a plane perpendicular to the movement of the mold.
Pour les pièces à géométrie cylindrique, où la cavité du moule n'est pas perpendiculaire à l'axe de compression (axe de fermeture du moule), les procédés de moulage par compression connus ne diminuent que faiblement les efforts mis en jeu, conduisant à une amélioration faible des propriétés des pièces produites.For parts with cylindrical geometry, where the mold cavity is not perpendicular to the compression axis (mold closing axis), known compression molding methods only slightly reduce the forces involved, leading to a slight improvement in the properties of the parts produced.
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé et un dispositif de moulage par compression permettant de réaliser des pièces cylindriques ou faiblement conique de façon avantageuse par rapport aux technologies actuelles. Selon l'invention une amélioration significative est obtenue par l'optimisation du mode d'écoulement de la matière fondue dans l'outillage, conduisant à des propriétés améliorées de la pièce produite.The subject of the present invention is a method and a device for compression molding making it possible to produce cylindrical or weakly conical parts advantageously compared to current technologies. According to the invention, a significant improvement is obtained by optimizing the flow mode of the molten material in the tooling, leading to improved properties of the part produced.
Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention
L'invention concerne un procédé de moulage par compression tel que défini dans les revendications 1 à 9. L'invention concerne également un dispositif de moulage par compression tel que défini dans les revendications 10 à 18.The invention relates to a compression molding method as defined in claims 1 to 9. The invention also relates to a compression molding device as defined in claims 10 to 18.
Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings
Le concept inventif est illustré figures 1 qui montre de façon schématique un premier mode de réalisation.The inventive concept is illustrated in Figures 1 which schematically shows a first embodiment.
Le dispositif de moulage par compression selon l'invention comporte au moins un moule constitué d'une empreinte femelle 1 et d'un noyau 3 coulissant à l'intérieur de l'empreinte femelle 1 ; une pièce 2 adjacente au moule et un piston 4 formant une cavité de volume variable 5. La cavité 5 est reliée au moule par un passage 8 formé entre la pièce 2 et le noyau 3.The compression molding device according to the invention comprises at least one mold consisting of a female footprint 1 and a core 3 sliding inside the female footprint 1; a part 2 adjacent to the mold and a piston 4 forming a cavity of variable volume 5. The cavity 5 is connected to the mold by a passage 8 formed between the part 2 and the core 3.
Lors du moulage de l'objet, tel qu'illustré figure 1 , le noyau 3 se déplace relativement à l'empreinte femelle 1 réduisant progressivement le volume de la cavité 6, et le piston 4 se déplace relativement à la pièce 2 réduisant progressivement le volume de la cavité 5. Il convient de remarquer que la matière fondue est alimentée conjointement depuis les cavités 5 et 6 du dispositif. La matière fondue 7 dans le réservoir 6 est poussée par le noyau 3 et recouvre la surface de l'empreinte femelle 1 ; la matière fondue dans le réservoir 5 est poussée par le piston 4 et recouvre la surface du noyau 3.During the molding of the object, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the core 3 moves relative to the female imprint 1 progressively reducing the volume of the cavity 6, and the piston 4 moves relative to the part 2 progressively reducing the volume of the cavity 5. It should be noted that the molten material is fed jointly from the cavities 5 and 6 of the device. The molten material 7 in the tank 6 is pushed by the core 3 and covers the surface of the female imprint 1; the molten material in the tank 5 is pushed by the piston 4 and covers the surface of the core 3.
L'écoulement de la matière dans le dispositif tel que décrit figure 1 est particulièrement avantageux pour diminuer les contraintes d'écoulement pendant la formation des parois latérales de l'objet.The flow of the material in the device as described in FIG. 1 is particularly advantageous for reducing the flow stresses during the formation of the side walls of the object.
La thermique du procédé tel que décrit figure 1 est particulièrement avantageux, la matière fondue se refroidissant peu dans les réservoir 6 et 5 pendant le moulage.The thermal of the process as described in FIG. 1 is particularly advantageous, the molten material cooling little in the tanks 6 and 5 during the molding.
La figure 2 est une représentation schématique du dispositif comprenant en outre des moyens d'obturation 9 du réservoir 5, et des moyens 10, 11 pour évacuer l'air de la cavité 6. L'obturateur 9 coulisse autour du noyau 3 pour ouvrir ou fermer le passage 8. En position fermée, l'obturateur 9 ferme le passage 8 et isole le réservoir 5 de l'empreinte du moule définie par 1 et 3. La canalisation 10 associée à l'élément poreux 11 permet d'évacuer l'air (ou autre gaz ou liquide) emprisonné dans la cavité 6 ou de maintenir une pression d'air dans la cavité 6 pendant le moulage. Un dispositif comprenant des moyens d'obturation est particulièrement intéressant quand au moins une des pièces 2 ou 4 est chauffée à une température supérieure à la température de fusion de la matière plastique, l'empreinte femelle du moule 1 et le noyau 3 étant généralement refroidis pour solidifier la matière dans le moule.Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the device further comprising closure means 9 of the reservoir 5, and means 10, 11 for discharging the air of the cavity 6. The shutter 9 slides around the core 3 to open or close the passage 8. In the closed position, the shutter 9 closes the passage 8 and isolates the reservoir 5 from the mold imprint defined by 1 and 3 The pipe 10 associated with the porous element 11 makes it possible to evacuate the air (or other gas or liquid) trapped in the cavity 6 or to maintain an air pressure in the cavity 6 during molding. A device comprising sealing means is particularly advantageous when at least one of the parts 2 or 4 is heated to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the plastic, the female imprint of the mold 1 and the core 3 being generally cooled. to solidify the material in the mold.
Les figures 3 à 7 illustrent les différentes étapes de moulage avec un dispositif tel qu'illustré figures 1 et 2.Figures 3 to 7 illustrate the different stages of molding with a device as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
La figure 3 montre l'alimentation de la matière fondue dans le dispositif. La dose de matière fondue 13 est alimentée dans la cavité 12 formée entre la pièce 2, le noyau 3 et le piston 4.Figure 3 shows the supply of molten material to the device. The dose of molten material 13 is fed into the cavity 12 formed between the part 2, the core 3 and the piston 4.
La figure 4 montre la fermeture du moule ainsi que la répartition de la matière fondue dans les cavités 5 et 6. Dans un premier temps, l'empreinte femelle 1 vient se positionner dans le prolongement de la pièce 2. Le noyau 3 avance ensuite à l'intérieur de l'empreinte 1 , formant le passage 8 entre la pièce 2 et le noyau 3, et répartissant la matière fondue dans les cavités 5 et 6. Afin de minimiser l'énergie utilisée pour former l'objet, ainsi que les contraintes d'écoulement, il est important de répartir précisément la matière fondue dans les deux cavités. Aussi, il peut être utile de conjuguer à l'avancée du noyau 3, un pilotage du piston 4 et de la pression d'air à l'intérieur de la cavité 6, permettant de contrôler la quantité de matière dans la cavité 5. Généralement, la quantité de matière dans les cavités 5 et 6 est à peu près identique. En fonction de la géométrie de l'objet (extrémités), on peut s'éloigner de la position d'équilibre. La figure 5 illustre une étape intermédiaire de la formation de l'objet selon l'invention. Le déplacement dϋ noyau 3 à l'intérieur de l'empreinte femelle 1, conjugué à la pression exercée dans la cavité 5 par l'intermédiaire du piston 4 conduit au remplissage progressif de la cavité du moule. Une pression de gaz ou liquide dans la cavité 6 peut être utilisée. On peut noter également la diminution de la quantité de matière'7 dans la cavité 6, ainsi que la quantité de matière dans le réservoir 5.FIG. 4 shows the closing of the mold as well as the distribution of the molten material in the cavities 5 and 6. At first, the female imprint 1 is positioned in the extension of the part 2. The core 3 then advances to the interior of the cavity 1, forming the passage 8 between the part 2 and the core 3, and distributing the molten material in the cavities 5 and 6. In order to minimize the energy used to form the object, as well as the flow constraints, it is important to precisely distribute the molten material in the two cavities. Also, it may be useful to combine the advancement of the core 3, a piloting of the piston 4 and of the air pressure inside the cavity 6, making it possible to control the amount of material in the cavity 5. Generally , the amount of material in the cavities 5 and 6 is about the same. Depending on the geometry of the object (ends), we can move away from the equilibrium position. FIG. 5 illustrates an intermediate stage in the formation of the object according to the invention. The displacement of the core 3 inside the female cavity 1, combined with the pressure exerted in the cavity 5 by means of the piston 4 leads to the progressive filling of the mold cavity. A gas or liquid pressure in the cavity 6 can be used. We can also note the decrease in the amount of material ' 7 in the cavity 6, as well as the amount of material in the tank 5.
La figure 6 illustre l'étape ultime du remplissage de la cavité du moule. Le moule étant rempli, la matière se refroidi au contact du moule occasionnant une diminution du volume. Pour compenser ces retraits volumiques, un surplus de matière 7 est maintenu en pression dans la cavité 6 par l'intermédiaire du noyau 3, et un surplus de matière 14 est maintenu en pression dans la cavité 5 par l'intermédiaire du piston 4. La compensation des retraits par les deux extrémités de la pièce est particulièrement avantageuse pour réduire les pressions, le chemin à effectuer étant deux fois plus court par rapport à un moulage classique où la pièce est alimentée par une seule extrémité.Figure 6 illustrates the final step of filling the mold cavity. The mold being filled, the material cools in contact with the mold causing a reduction in volume. To compensate for these volume shrinkages, a surplus of material 7 is kept under pressure in the cavity 6 by means of the core 3, and a surplus of material 14 is kept under pressure in the cavity 5 by means of the piston 4. The compensation for shrinkage by the two ends of the part is particularly advantageous for reducing pressures, the path to be taken being twice as short compared to a conventional molding where the part is fed by only one end.
La figure 7 montre la pièce refroidie dans le dispositif juste avant éjection. Le piston 4 forme l'extrémité 15 de l'objet, l'autre extrémité 16 étant formée entre l'empreinte femelle 1 et le noyau 3.Figure 7 shows the cooled part in the device just before ejection. The piston 4 forms the end 15 of the object, the other end 16 being formed between the female imprint 1 and the core 3.
La figure 8 est une représentation schématique du dispositif de moulage selon une première variante qui cependant présente plusieurs points communs avec les exemples précédents. C'est pourquoi, les mêmes références numériques seront utilisées pour les pièces exerçant la même fonction. Cette simplification sera d'ailleurs utilisée avec toutes les variantes d'e l'exposé ci-après. Le dispositif de moulage par compression comporte au moins un moule constitué d'une empreinte femelle 1 et deux noyaux 3 et 17 se faisant face et coulissant à l'intérieur de l'empreinte femelle 1 ; une pièce 2 adjacente au moule et un piston 4 formant une cavité de volume variable 5. La cavité 5 est reliée au moule par un passage 8 formé entre la pièce 2 et le noyau 3. Le noyau 17 se trouve en mouvement relatif vis à vis de l'empreinte femelle 1 sans que la matière plastique contenue dans la cavité 6 puisse s'échapper entre la paroi du noyau 17 et de l'empreinte femelle 1.Figure 8 is a schematic representation of the molding device according to a first variant which however has several points in common with the previous examples. Therefore, the same reference numbers will be used for parts performing the same function. This simplification will moreover be used with all the variants of e the description below. The compression molding device comprises at least one mold consisting of a female cavity 1 and two cores 3 and 17 facing each other and sliding inside the female cavity 1; a part 2 adjacent to the mold and a piston 4 forming a cavity of variable volume 5. The cavity 5 is connected to the mold by a passage 8 formed between the part 2 and the core 3. The core 17 is located in relative movement with respect to the female imprint 1 without the plastic material contained in the cavity 6 being able to escape between the wall of the core 17 and the female imprint 1.
Lors du moulage de l'objet, tel qu'illustré figure 8, les noyaux en vis à vis 3 et 17 se déplacent relativement à l'empreinte femelle 1 réduisant progressivement le volume de la cavité 6, et le piston 4 se déplace relativement à la pièce 2 réduisant progressivement le volume de la cavité 5. Le noyau 17 permet de créer de la pression dans la cavité 6 pendant le moulage. Il convient de remarquer que la matière fondue est alimentée conjointement depuis les cavités 5 et 6 du dispositif. La matière fondue 7 dans le réservoir 6 est poussée par le noyau 3 et recouvre la surface de l'empreinte femelle 1 ; la matière fondue dans le réservoir 5 est poussée par le piston 4 et recouvre la surface du noyau 3.During the molding of the object, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the facing cores 3 and 17 move relative to the female imprint 1 progressively reducing the volume of the cavity 6, and the piston 4 moves relative to the part 2 gradually reducing the volume of the cavity 5. The core 17 makes it possible to create pressure in the cavity 6 during molding. It should be noted that the molten material is fed jointly from the cavities 5 and 6 of the device. The molten material 7 in the tank 6 is pushed by the core 3 and covers the surface of the female imprint 1; the molten material in the tank 5 is pushed by the piston 4 and covers the surface of the core 3.
La figure 9 est une représentation schématique du dispositif présenté figure 8 comprenant en outre des moyens d'obturation 9 du réservoir 5. L'obturateur 9 coulisse autour du noyau 3 pour ouvrir ou fermer le passage 8. En position fermée, l'obturateur 9 ferme le passage 8 et isole le réservoir 5 de l'empreinte du moule définie par 1 et 3.Figure 9 is a schematic representation of the device shown in Figure 8 further comprising closure means 9 of the reservoir 5. The shutter 9 slides around the core 3 to open or close the passage 8. In the closed position, the shutter 9 closes passage 8 and isolates reservoir 5 from the mold footprint defined by 1 and 3.
Les figures 10 à 14 illustrent les différentes étapes de moulage avec un dispositif tel qu'illustré figure 9.Figures 10 to 14 illustrate the different stages of molding with a device as illustrated in Figure 9.
La figure 10 montre l'alimentation de la matière fondue dans le dispositif. La dose de matière fondue 13 est alimentée dans la cavité 12 formé par la pièce 2 et le noyau 17.Figure 10 shows the supply of molten material to the device. The dose of molten material 13 is fed into the cavity 12 formed by the part 2 and the core 17.
La figure 11 montre la fermeture du moule ainsi que la répartition de la matière fondue dans les cavités 5 et 6. Dans un premier temps, le piston 4, l'obturateur 9 et le noyau 3 viennent se positionner dans le prolongement de la pièce 2. Le noyau 3 avance ensuite à l'intérieur de l'empreinte 1 , formant le passage 8 entre la pièce 2 et le noyau 3, et répartissant la matière fondue dans les cavités 5 et 6. Simultanément à l'avancée du piston 3 dans l'empreinte femelle 1, les mouvements respectifs du noyau 17 et du piston 4 sont contrôlés afin de répartir convenablement la matière dans les cavités 5 et 6. Généralement, la quantité de matière dans les cavités 5 et 6 est à peu près identique. En fonction de la géométrie de l'objet (extrémités), on peut s'éloigner de la position d'équilibre.FIG. 11 shows the closing of the mold as well as the distribution of the melted material in the cavities 5 and 6. Firstly, the piston 4, the shutter 9 and the core 3 are positioned in the extension of the part 2 The core 3 then advances inside the cavity 1, forming the passage 8 between the part 2 and the core 3, and distributing the molten material in the cavities 5 and 6. Simultaneously with the advance of the piston 3 in female footprint 1, respective movements of the core 17 and the piston 4 are controlled in order to distribute the material properly in the cavities 5 and 6. Generally, the amount of material in the cavities 5 and 6 is about the same. Depending on the geometry of the object (ends), we can move away from the equilibrium position.
La figure 12 illustre une étape intermédiaire de la formation de l'objet selon l'invention. Le déplacement du noyau 3 à l'intérieur de l'empreinte femelle 1 , conjugué à la pression exercée dans la cavité 5 par l'intermédiaire du piston 4 et à la pression exercée dans la cavité 6 par l'intermédiaire du noyau 17 conduit au remplissage progressif de la cavité du moule. On peut noter également la diminution de la quantité de matière 7 dans la cavité 6, ainsi que la quantité de matière dans le réservoir 5.FIG. 12 illustrates an intermediate stage in the formation of the object according to the invention. The displacement of the core 3 inside the female imprint 1, combined with the pressure exerted in the cavity 5 via the piston 4 and the pressure exerted in the cavity 6 via the core 17 leads to the progressive filling of the mold cavity. We can also note the decrease in the amount of material 7 in the cavity 6, as well as the amount of material in the reservoir 5.
La figure 13 illustre la fin du remplissage de la cavité du moule. Le moule étant rempli, la matière se refroidi au contact du moule occasionnant une diminution du volume. Pour compenser ces retraits volumiques, un surplus de matière 7 est maintenu en pression dans la cavité 6 par l'intermédiaire du noyau 3, et un surplus de matière 14 est maintenu en pression dans la cavité 5 par l'intermédiaire du piston 4 ou de l'obturateur 9. La compensation des retraits par les deux extrémités de la pièce est particulièrement avantageuse pour réduire les pressions, le chemin à effectuer étant deux fois plus court par rapport à un moulage classique où la pièce est alimentée par une seule extrémité.Figure 13 illustrates the end of the filling of the mold cavity. The mold being filled, the material cools in contact with the mold causing a reduction in volume. To compensate for these volume shrinkages, a surplus of material 7 is kept under pressure in the cavity 6 by means of the core 3, and a surplus of material 14 is kept under pressure in the cavity 5 by means of the piston 4 or the shutter 9. Compensation for shrinkage by the two ends of the part is particularly advantageous for reducing the pressures, the path to be performed being twice as short compared to a conventional molding where the part is supplied by only one end.
La figure 14 montre la pièce refroidie dans le dispositif juste avant éjection. L'obturateur 9 qui ferme le passage 8 permet d'isoler la matière moulée de la pièce 2. Cette configuration avec obturateur est particulièrement avantageuse quand la pièce 2 est maintenue à une température supérieure à la température de ramollissement de la matière. L'obturateur 9 forme l'extrémité 15 de l'objet, l'autre extrémité 16 étant formée entre l'empreinte femelle 1 et le noyau 3. L'utilisation d'un obturateur 9 permet de conserver un surplus de matière 18 dans la cavité 5. La figure 15 est une représentation schématique du dispositif de moulage selon une deuxième variante qui diffère des exemples précédents du fait du mode d'alimentation de la matière dans le dispositif.Figure 14 shows the cooled part in the device just before ejection. The shutter 9 which closes the passage 8 makes it possible to isolate the molded material from the part 2. This configuration with shutter is particularly advantageous when the part 2 is maintained at a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the material. The shutter 9 forms the end 15 of the object, the other end 16 being formed between the female imprint 1 and the core 3. The use of a shutter 9 makes it possible to keep a surplus of material 18 in the cavity 5. Figure 15 is a schematic representation of the molding device according to a second variant which differs from the previous examples due to the mode of feeding the material into the device.
Le dispositif de moulage par compression comporte au moins un moule constitué d'une empreinte femelle 1 et d'un noyaux 3 coulissant à l'intérieur de l'empreinte femelle 1 ; une pièce 2 adjacente au moule comprenant une cavité 5 dans laquelle la matière est alimentée par un canal 19. La cavité 5 est reliée au moule par un passage 8 formé entre la pièce 2 et le noyau 3. Lors du moulage de l'objet, tel qu'illustré figure 15, le noyau 3 se déplace relativement à l'empreinte femelle 1 réduisant progressivement le volume de la cavité 6, et une pression est exercée dans la cavité 5 par l'intermédiaire du canal d'alimentation 19 afin que de la matière s'échappe de la cavité 5. Il convient de remarquer que la matière fondue est alimentée conjointement depuis les cavités 5 et 6 du dispositif. La matière fondue 7 dans le réservoir 6 est poussée par le noyau 3 et recouvre la surface de l'empreinte femelle 1 ; la matière fondue dans le réservoir 5 est mise sous pression et recouvre la surface du noyau 3.The compression molding device comprises at least one mold consisting of a female cavity 1 and of a cores 3 sliding inside the female cavity 1; a part 2 adjacent to the mold comprising a cavity 5 in which the material is supplied by a channel 19. The cavity 5 is connected to the mold by a passage 8 formed between the part 2 and the core 3. During the molding of the object, as illustrated in FIG. 15, the core 3 moves relative to the female imprint 1 progressively reducing the volume of the cavity 6, and pressure is exerted in the cavity 5 via the supply channel 19 so that the material escapes from the cavity 5. It should be noted that the molten material is fed jointly from the cavities 5 and 6 of the device. The molten material 7 in the tank 6 is pushed by the core 3 and covers the surface of the female imprint 1; the molten material in the tank 5 is pressurized and covers the surface of the core 3.
La figure 16 est une représentation schématique du dispositif présenté figure 15 comprenant également un deuxième noyau 17 en vis à vis du noyau 3 et coulissant dans l'empreinte femelle 1 de sorte que la matière fondue contenue dans la cavité 6 ne puisse s'échapper entre le noyau 17 et l'empreinte femelle 1.FIG. 16 is a schematic representation of the device presented in FIG. 15 also comprising a second core 17 opposite the core 3 and sliding in the female cavity 1 so that the molten material contained in the cavity 6 cannot escape between the core 17 and the female imprint 1.
Les figures 17 à 21 illustrent les différentes étapes de moulage avec un dispositif tel qu'illustré figure 15.Figures 17 to 21 illustrate the different stages of molding with a device as illustrated in Figure 15.
La figure 17 montre l'alimentation de la matière fondue dans le dispositif. La dose de matière fondue 13 est alimentée dans le dispositif par l'intermédiaire du canal d'alimentation 19 reliant l'outil de plastification à la pièce 2.Figure 17 shows the supply of molten material into the device. The dose of molten material 13 is fed into the device via the feed channel 19 connecting the plasticization tool to the part 2.
La figure 18 montre la fermeture du moule ainsi que le dosage précis de la matière fondue dans la cavité 6. Pour cela, le noyau 3 avance à l'intérieur de l'empreinte 1 , formant le passage 8 entre la pièce 2 et le noyau 3. Simultanément, une pression est exercée dans la cavité 5 par l'intermédiaire du canal 19 afin qu'une quantité contrôlée de matière s'échappe de la cavité 5 par le passage 8 et remplisse une partie de la cavité 6.FIG. 18 shows the closing of the mold as well as the precise metering of the molten material in the cavity 6. For this, the core 3 advances inside the cavity 1, forming the passage 8 between the part 2 and the core 3. At the same time, pressure is exerted in the cavity 5 via the channel 19 so that a controlled quantity of material escapes from the cavity 5 through the passage 8 and fills part of the cavity 6.
La figure 19 illustre une étape intermédiaire de la formation de l'objet selon l'invention. Le déplacement du noyau 3 à l'intérieur de l'empreinte femelle 1 , conjugué à la pression exercée dans la cavité 5 par l'intermédiaire du canal 19 conduit au remplissage progressif de la cavité du moule. Une pression de gaz ou liquide dans la cavité 6 peut être utilisée. On peut noter également la diminution de la quantité de matière 7 dans la cavité 6. La canalisation 10 associée à l'élément poreux 11 permet d'évacuer l'air (ou autre gaz ou liquide) emprisonné dans la cavité 6 ou de maintenir une pression d'air dans la cavité 6 pendant le moulageFIG. 19 illustrates an intermediate stage in the formation of the object according to the invention. The displacement of the core 3 inside the female imprint 1, combined with the pressure exerted in the cavity 5 via the channel 19 leads to the progressive filling of the mold cavity. A gas or liquid pressure in the cavity 6 can be used. We can also note the decrease in the quantity of material 7 in the cavity 6. The pipe 10 associated with the porous element 11 allows the air (or other gas or liquid) trapped in the cavity 6 to be evacuated or to maintain a air pressure in cavity 6 during molding
La figure 20 illustre la fin du remplissage de la cavité du moule. Le moule étant rempli, la matière se refroidi au contact du moule occasionnant une diminution du volume. Pour compenser ces retraits volumiques, un surplus de matière 7 est maintenu en pression dans la cavité 6 par l'intermédiaire du noyau 3, et la matière dans la cavité 5 est maintenue en pression par l'intermédiaire du canal 19. La compensation des retraits par les deux extrémités de la pièce est particulièrement avantageuse pour réduire les pressions, le chemin à effectuer étant deux fois plus court par rapport à un moulage classique où la pièce est alimentée par une seule extrémité.Figure 20 illustrates the end of the filling of the mold cavity. The mold being filled, the material cools in contact with the mold causing a reduction in volume. To compensate for these volume shrinkages, a surplus of material 7 is kept in pressure in the cavity 6 by means of the core 3, and the material in the cavity 5 is kept in pressure by means of the channel 19. Compensation for the shrinkages by the two ends of the part is particularly advantageous for reducing the pressures, the path to be carried out being twice shorter compared to a conventional molding where the part is fed by only one end.
La figure 21 montre la pièce refroidie dans le dispositif juste avant éjection. L'obturateur 9 qui ferme le passage 8 permet d'isoler la matière moulée de la pièce 2. Cette configuration avec obturateur est particulièrement avantageuse quand la pièce 2 est maintenue à une température supérieure à la température de ramollissement de la matière. L'obturateur 9 forme l'extrémité 15 de l'objet, l'autre extrémité 16 étant formée entre l'empreinte femelle 1 et le noyau 3. La figure 22 est une représentation schématique du dispositif de moulage selon une troisième variante qui diffère des exemples précédents du fait de la géométrie conique de l'objet moulé. Le dispositif de moulage par compression comporte au moins un moule constitué d'une empreinte femelle 1 de géométrie conique et d'un noyaux conique 3 coulissant à l'intérieur de l'empreinte femelle 1 ; une pièce 2 adjacente au moule et un piston 4 formant une cavité de volume variable 5. La cavité 5 est reliée au moule par un passage 8 formé entre la pièceFigure 21 shows the part cooled in the device just before ejection. The shutter 9 which closes the passage 8 makes it possible to isolate the molded material from the part 2. This configuration with shutter is particularly advantageous when the part 2 is maintained at a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the material. The shutter 9 forms the end 15 of the object, the other end 16 being formed between the female imprint 1 and the core 3. Figure 22 is a schematic representation of the molding device according to a third variant which differs from the previous examples due to the conical geometry of the molded object. The compression molding device comprises at least one mold consisting of a female cavity 1 of conical geometry and a conical core 3 sliding inside the female cavity 1; a part 2 adjacent to the mold and a piston 4 forming a cavity of variable volume 5. The cavity 5 is connected to the mold by a passage 8 formed between the part
2 et le noyau 3.2 and the core 3.
La figure 23 montre un dispositif de moulage par compression pour pièces coniques similaire au dispositif de la figure 22 mais dont le mode d'alimentation diffère. La matière fondue est alimentée dans le dispositif par l'intermédiaire d'un canal 19 reliant l'unité de plastification à la cavité 5 de la pièce 2. Le principe de fonctionnement est identique à celui décrit figures 17 à 21.Figure 23 shows a compression molding device for conical parts similar to the device of Figure 22 but whose feeding mode differs. The molten material is fed into the device via a channel 19 connecting the plasticization unit to the cavity 5 of the part 2. The operating principle is identical to that described in FIGS. 17 to 21.
La figure 24 illustre un dispositif de moulage par compression similaire au dispositif de la figure 22 mais comprenant également un deuxième noyau 17 en vis à vis du noyau 3 et coulissant dans l'empreinte femelle 1 de sorte que la matière fondue contenue dans la cavité 6 ne puisse s'échapper entre le noyau 17 et l'empreinte femelle 1. Lors du moulage de l'objet, tel qu'illustré figure 24, le noyau 3 se déplace relativement à l'empreinte femelle 1 réduisant progressivement le volume de la cavité 6, et une pression est exercée dans la cavité 5 par l'intermédiaire du piston 4 afin que de la matière s'échappe de la cavité 5. Il convient de remarquer que la matière fondue est alimentée conjointement depuis les cavités 5 et 6 du dispositif. La matière fondue 7 dans le réservoir 6 est poussée par le noyau 3 et recouvre la surface de l'empreinte femelle 1 ; la matière fondue dans le réservoir 5 est poussée par le piston 4 et recouvre la surface du noyau 3. Il est important de noter que du fait de la conicité de l'empreinte femelle 1 et du noyau 3, il y se forme une cavité 20 entre le noyauFIG. 24 illustrates a compression molding device similar to the device of FIG. 22 but also comprising a second core 17 opposite the core 3 and sliding in the female cavity 1 so that the molten material contained in the cavity 6 cannot escape between the core 17 and the female imprint 1. During the molding of the object, as illustrated in FIG. 24, the core 3 moves relative to the female imprint 1 progressively reducing the volume of the cavity 6, and a pressure is exerted in the cavity 5 by means of the piston 4 so that material escapes from the cavity 5. It should be noted that the molten material is fed jointly from the cavities 5 and 6 of the device . The molten material 7 in the tank 6 is pushed by the core 3 and covers the surface of the female imprint 1; the molten material in the tank 5 is pushed by the piston 4 and covers the surface of the core 3. It is important to note that due to the conicity of the female imprint 1 and the core 3, a cavity 20 is formed there. between the nucleus
3 et l'obturateur 9, ainsi qu'une cavité 21 entre le noyau 17 et l'empreinte femelle 1. La matière contenue dans le réservoir 6 n'a pas tendance à s'écouler dans la cavité 21, du fait du mouvement relatif du noyau 17 par rapport à l'empreinte femelle 1. De même, la matière contenue dans le réservoir 5 n'a pas tendance à s'écouler dans la cavité 20, du fait du mouvement relatif du noyau 3 par rapport à l'obturateur 9. La viscosité de la matière ainsi que la conicité de l'empreinte femelle 1 et du noyau 3 modifient la propension de la matière à remplir les cavités3 and the shutter 9, as well as a cavity 21 between the core 17 and the female imprint 1. The material contained in the reservoir 6 does not tend to flow into the cavity 21, due to the relative movement of core 17 relative to the footprint female 1. Similarly, the material contained in the reservoir 5 does not tend to flow into the cavity 20, due to the relative movement of the core 3 relative to the shutter 9. The viscosity of the material as well as the conicity of the female imprint 1 and of the core 3 modify the propensity of the material to fill the cavities
20 et 21 pendant le moulage. En augmentant la viscosité de la matière fondue ou en diminuant la conicité, l'écoulement de la matière fondue dans les cavités 20 et20 and 21 during molding. By increasing the viscosity of the melt or by decreasing the taper, the flow of the melt in the cavities 20 and
21 est diminuée. Il est intéressant de remarquer également que le volume des cavités 20 et 21 diminue pendant le moulage pour atteindre une valeur nulle en fin de moulage. Le procédé permet de réaliser des pièces de conicité pouvant aller jusqu'à 20°, une conicité inférieure à 5° étant préférable.21 is decreased. It is also interesting to note that the volume of the cavities 20 and 21 decreases during molding to reach a zero value at the end of molding. The method makes it possible to produce parts with a taper of up to 20 °, a taper of less than 5 ° being preferable.
La figure 25 montre un dispositif de moulage par compression pour pièces coniques similaire au dispositif de la figure 24 mais dont le mode d'alimentation diffère. La matière fondue est alimentée dans le dispositif par l'intermédiaire d'un canal 19 reliant l'unité de plastification à la cavité 5 de la pièce 2.Figure 25 shows a compression molding device for conical parts similar to the device of Figure 24 but whose feeding mode differs. The molten material is fed into the device via a channel 19 connecting the plasticization unit to the cavity 5 of the part 2.
Les figures 26 à 30 illustrent les différentes étapes de moulage avec un dispositif tel qu'illustré figure 22.Figures 26 to 30 illustrate the different stages of molding with a device as illustrated in Figure 22.
La figure 26 montre l'alimentation de la matière fondue dans le dispositif. La dose de matière fondue 13 est alimentée dans la cavité 12 formée entre la pièce 2, le noyau 3, le piston 4 et l'obturateur 9.Figure 26 shows the supply of molten material to the device. The dose of molten material 13 is fed into the cavity 12 formed between the part 2, the core 3, the piston 4 and the shutter 9.
La figure 27 montre la fermeture du moule ainsi que la répartition de la matière fondue dans les cavités 5 et 6. Dans un premier temps, l'empreinte femelle 1 vient se positionner dans le prolongement de la pièce 2. Le noyau 3 avance ensuite à l'intérieur de l'empreinte 1, formant le passage 8 entre la pièce 2 et le noyau 3, et répartissant la matière fondue dans les cavités 5 et 6.FIG. 27 shows the closing of the mold as well as the distribution of the molten material in the cavities 5 and 6. At first, the female imprint 1 is positioned in the extension of the part 2. The core 3 then advances to inside the cavity 1, forming the passage 8 between the part 2 and the core 3, and distributing the molten material in the cavities 5 and 6.
La figure 28 illustre une étape intermédiaire de la formation de l'objet selon l'invention. Le déplacement du noyau 3 à l'intérieur de l'empreinte femelle 1 , conjugué à la pression exercée dans la cavité 5 par l'intermédiaire du piston 4 conduit au remplissage progressif de la cavité du moule. Une pression de gaz ou liquide dans la cavité 6 peut être utilisée. On peut noter la diminution de la quantité de matière 7 dans la cavité 6, ainsi que la quantité de matière dans le réservoir 5. Remarquons également que le volume de la cavité 21 a diminué.FIG. 28 illustrates an intermediate stage in the formation of the object according to the invention. The displacement of the core 3 inside the female imprint 1, combined with the pressure exerted in the cavity 5 by means of the piston 4 leads to the gradual filling of the mold cavity. A gas or liquid pressure in the cavity 6 can be used. We can note the decrease in the amount of material 7 in the cavity 6, as well as the amount of material in the tank 5. Note also that the volume of the cavity 21 has decreased.
La figure 29 illustre l'étape ultime du remplissage de la cavité du moule. Le moule étant rempli, la matière se refroidi au contact du moule occasionnant une diminution du volume. Pour compenser ces retraits volumiques, un surplus de matière 7 est maintenu en pression dans la cavité 6 par l'intermédiaire du noyau 3, et un surplus de matière 14 est maintenu en pression dans la cavité 5 par l'intermédiaire du piston 4. La compensation des retraits par les deux extrémités de la pièce est particulièrement avantageuse pour réduire les pressions, le chemin à effectuer étant deux fois plus court par rapport à un moulage classique où la pièce est alimentée par une seule extrémité. Remarquons que la cavité 21 n'existe plus.Figure 29 illustrates the final step of filling the mold cavity. The mold being filled, the material cools in contact with the mold causing a reduction in volume. To compensate for these volume shrinkages, a surplus of material 7 is kept under pressure in the cavity 6 by means of the core 3, and a surplus of material 14 is kept under pressure in the cavity 5 by means of the piston 4. The compensation for shrinkage by the two ends of the part is particularly advantageous for reducing pressures, the path to be taken being twice as short compared to a conventional molding where the part is fed by only one end. Note that the cavity 21 no longer exists.
La figure 30 montre la pièce refroidie dans le dispositif juste avant éjection. L'obturateur 9 qui ferme le passage 8 forme l'extrémité 15 de l'objet, l'autre extrémité 16 étant formée entre l'empreinte femelle 1 et le noyau 3.Figure 30 shows the cooled part in the device just before ejection. The shutter 9 which closes the passage 8 forms the end 15 of the object, the other end 16 being formed between the female imprint 1 and the core 3.
La figure 31 montre un dispositif de moulage par compression selon l'invention comprenant un système de répartition de la matière fondue sur la circonférence 22 permettant un écoulement équilibré de la matière dans la cavité 5. Le système de répartition 22 est représenté de façon schématique et les systèmes connus tels que cardioïdes, mandrins spirales, etc. peuvent être utilisés.FIG. 31 shows a compression molding device according to the invention comprising a system for distributing the molten material around the circumference 22 allowing a balanced flow of the material in the cavity 5. The distribution system 22 is shown schematically and known systems such as cardioids, spiral chucks, etc. can be used.
Les figures 32 à 35 illustrent un exemple de fabrication d'une préforme selon l'invention. La cavité femelle du moule est constitué des blocs l' et 1", le bloc 1" s'ouvrant en deux partie afin de permettre le démoulage de l'objet. Les pièces 2 et 9 du dispositif sont régulées à la température de la matière fondue lors de son transfert dans le dispositif, tandis que les pièces V, 1 " et 3 sont refroidies. La figure 32 montre l'alimentation de la matière fondue dans le dispositif. Une quantité contrôlée de matière fondue 7 est alimentée dans le dispositif par l'intermédiaire du canal d'alimentation 19 reliant l'outil de plastification à la pièce 2.Figures 32 to 35 illustrate an example of manufacturing a preform according to the invention. The female cavity of the mold consists of blocks 1 ′ and 1 ", the block 1" opening in two parts in order to allow the object to be removed from the mold. Parts 2 and 9 of the device are regulated at the temperature of the molten material during its transfer into the device, while parts V, 1 "and 3 are cooled. Figure 32 shows the supply of molten material to the device. A controlled quantity of molten material 7 is fed into the device via the feed channel 19 connecting the plasticization tool to the part 2.
La figure 33 illustre une étape intermédiaire de la formation de l'objet selon l'invention. Le déplacement du noyau 3 à l'intérieur de l'empreinte femelle l' et 1" conjugué à la pression exercée dans la cavité 5 par l'intermédiaire du canal 19 conduit au remplissage progressif de la cavité du moule. Une pression de gaz ou liquide dans la cavité 6 peut être utilisée. On peut noter également la diminution de la quantité de matière 7 dans la cavité 6.FIG. 33 illustrates an intermediate stage in the formation of the object according to the invention. The displacement of the core 3 inside the female imprint 1 'and 1 "combined with the pressure exerted in the cavity 5 via the channel 19 leads to the progressive filling of the mold cavity. A gas pressure or liquid in the cavity 6 can be used, one can also note the decrease in the quantity of material 7 in the cavity 6.
La figure 34 montre la pièce refroidie dans le dispositif juste avant éjection. L'obturateur 9 ferme le passage 8 et obture le canal de matière 19. L'obturateur 9 forme l'extrémité 15 de l'objet, l'autre extrémité 16 étant formée entre l'empreinte femelle 1 et le noyau 3.Figure 34 shows the part cooled in the device just before ejection. The shutter 9 closes the passage 8 and closes the material channel 19. The shutter 9 forms the end 15 of the object, the other end 16 being formed between the female imprint 1 and the core 3.
La figure 35 montre l'objet obtenu après refroidissement et éjection du dispositif.Figure 35 shows the object obtained after cooling and ejection of the device.
La figure 36 montre un dispositif pour la réalisation de pièce multicouches. Le dispositif comprend trois canaux d'alimentation 19', 19" et 19'" qui relient le dispositif d'injection de chaque matière aux cavités 5', 5" et 5'" du dispositif de moulage.FIG. 36 shows a device for producing multilayer parts. The device comprises three feed channels 19 ', 19 "and 19" "which connect the injection device for each material to the cavities 5', 5" and 5 "" of the molding device.
Les figures 37 à 40 montent les différentes étapes de la fabrication d'un objet multicouche avec dispositif tel qu'illustré figure 36.Figures 37 to 40 show the different stages of the manufacture of a multilayer object with a device as illustrated in Figure 36.
La figure 37 montre l'alimentation de la matière fondue dans le dispositif. Les doses de matière fondue 13', 13" et 13'" sont alimentée simultanément ou séquentiellement dans les cavités 5', 5" et 5'" de façon à ajuster la quantité respective de chaque couche. Il est important de remarquer que la quantité de matière dosée 13'" est bien supérieure aux quantités dosées 13' et 13". En fonction de la rhéologie des matières et de la géométrie de la pièce, un dosage simultané ou séquentiel est choisi et le mouvement des pièces 3, 17 et 9 pendant le dosage optimisé. Une méthode consiste par exemple, à alimenter les doses 13', 13" et 13'" simultanément, les noyaux 3 et 17 étant immobiles et positionnés de sorte que les couches 13', 13" et 13'" forment une structure multicouche symétrique. Le noyau 17 est ensuite déplacé simultanément à un dosage de matière 13'", les couches 13' et 13" n'étant plus alimentées afin de former un surplus de matière 13'". Soulignons qu'un mécanisme pour évacuer l'air doit être prévu dans les noyaux 3 ou 17.Figure 37 shows the supply of molten material to the device. The doses of molten material 13 ′, 13 ″ and 13 ″ are fed simultaneously or sequentially into the cavities 5 ′, 5 ″ and 5 ″, so as to adjust the respective quantity of each layer. It is important to note that the quantity of material dosed 13 '"is much greater than the quantities dosed 13' and 13". In depending on the rheology of the materials and the geometry of the part, a simultaneous or sequential dosing is chosen and the movement of parts 3, 17 and 9 during the optimized dosing. One method consists, for example, in feeding the doses 13 ', 13 "and 13'" simultaneously, the cores 3 and 17 being stationary and positioned so that the layers 13 ', 13 "and 13""form a symmetrical multilayer structure. The core 17 is then moved simultaneously with a dosage of material 13 '", the layers 13' and 13" being no longer supplied in order to form a surplus of material 13 ". Note that a mechanism for evacuating the air must be provided in cores 3 or 17.
La figure 38 illustre une étape intermédiaire de la formation de l'objet selon l'invention. Le déplacement du noyau 3 à l'intérieur de l'empreinte femelle 1 , conjugué à la pression exercée dans les cavités 5', 5", 5'" et 6 conduit au remplissage progressif de la cavité du moule. Notons que la quantité de matière alimentée par l'intermédiaire de la cavité 5'" est généralement faible voire nulle.FIG. 38 illustrates an intermediate step in the formation of the object according to the invention. The displacement of the core 3 inside the female cavity 1, combined with the pressure exerted in the cavities 5 ', 5 ", 5'" and 6 leads to the progressive filling of the mold cavity. Note that the quantity of material supplied through the cavity 5 '"is generally low or even zero.
La figure 39 illustre la dernière étape du remplissage de la cavité du moule. Le moule étant rempli, la matière se refroidi au contact du moule occasionnant une diminution du volume. Pour compenser ces retraits volumiques, un surplus de matière 7 est maintenu en pression dans la cavité 6 par l'intermédiaire du noyau 3, et la matière est maintenue en pression dans les cavités 5', 5" et 5'". Il est possible également de maintenir la pression dans une seule des cavités 5 (5'" par exemple) afin d'alimenter une seule matière et éviter l'émergence de la couche barrière en surface de l'objet.Figure 39 illustrates the last step of filling the mold cavity. The mold being filled, the material cools in contact with the mold causing a reduction in volume. To compensate for these volume shrinkages, a surplus of material 7 is kept under pressure in the cavity 6 by means of the core 3, and the material is kept under pressure in the cavities 5 ', 5 "and 5". It is also possible to maintain the pressure in only one of the cavities 5 (5 '"for example) in order to feed a single material and avoid the emergence of the barrier layer on the surface of the object.
La figure 40 montre la pièce refroidie dans le dispositif juste avant éjection. L'obturateur 9 isole les cavités 5', 5" et 5'" de l'objet.Figure 40 shows the cooled part in the device just before ejection. The shutter 9 isolates the cavities 5 ', 5 "and 5" from the object.
Les figures 41 à 43 illustrent la fabrication d'un objet multicouche par compression thermoformage d'une feuille prise en sandwich dans le dispositif. La figure 41 montre la feuille 24 chauffée dans un four 23 puis insérée dans le dispositif entre le moule femelle 1 et la pièce 2. Deux doses 13' et 13" sont alimentées de part et d'autre de la feuille 23. Une méthode consiste à alimenter la dose 13' dans le dispositif, à insérer ensuite la feuille entre 1 et 2, puis à alimenter la dose 13". En général, un chauffage infra-rouge de la feuille 24 est utilisé, mais d'autres modes de chauffage peuvent convenir également. La feuille comporte soit une sois plusieurs couches. La feuille est chauffée à la température la plus élevée possible et au minimum à la température de thermoformage de la feuille. Une deuxième opération de chauffage de la feuille peut être envisagée à l'intérieur du dispositif et avant l'alimentation la dose 13", afin d'améliorer les propriétés d'écoulement de la matière 24 lors de la formation de l'objet dans le dispositif.Figures 41 to 43 illustrate the manufacture of a multilayer object by thermoforming compression of a sheet sandwiched in the device. FIG. 41 shows the sheet 24 heated in an oven 23 and then inserted into the device between the female mold 1 and the part 2. Two doses 13 ′ and 13 "are supplied on either side of the sheet 23. One method consists feed the dose 13 'into the device, then insert the sheet between 1 and 2, then feed the dose 13 ". In general, infrared heating of the sheet 24 is used, but other modes of heating may also be suitable. The sheet has either one or more layers. The sheet is heated to the highest possible temperature and at a minimum to the sheet thermoforming temperature. A second heating operation of the sheet can be envisaged inside the device and before feeding the dose 13 ", in order to improve the flow properties of the material 24 during the formation of the object in the device.
La figure 42 montre la formation de l'objet multicouche dans le dispositif, la couche 26 se déformant en cisaillement ou élongation entre les couches 25' et 25" ; les couches 25', 26 et 25" étant issues respectivement des matières 13', 24 et 13" alimentées dans le dispositif.FIG. 42 shows the formation of the multilayer object in the device, the layer 26 deforming in shear or elongation between the layers 25 ′ and 25 ″; the layers 25 ′, 26 and 25 ″ being derived respectively from the materials 13 ′, 24 and 13 "supplied to the device.
La figure 43 illustre l'objet multicouche obtenu avec la méthode et le dispositif présentés figures 41 et 42.FIG. 43 illustrates the multilayer object obtained with the method and the device presented in FIGS. 41 and 42.
Les figures 44 à 46 montrent la fabrication d'un objet multicouche en alimentant trois matières dans le dispositif.Figures 44 to 46 show the manufacture of a multilayer object by feeding three materials into the device.
La figure 44 illustre l'alimentation des doses 1 3', 1 3" et 13'" dans le dispositif ainsi que leur position respective dans les réservoirs 5 et 6 avant moulage.FIG. 44 illustrates the feeding of the doses 1 3 ′, 1 3 ″ and 13 ″ in the device as well as their respective position in the tanks 5 and 6 before molding.
La figure 45 illustre le moulage de l'objet avec la formation des couches 25', 25" et 25'" provenant respectivement des doses 13', 13" et 13'".Figure 45 illustrates the molding of the object with the formation of layers 25 ', 25 "and 25'" respectively from doses 13 ', 13 "and 13'".
La figure 46 montre l'objet multicouche obtenu. Le dispositif de moulage peut être avantageusement inséré dans un ensemble plus complexe conduisant à la fabrication d'objet à des cadences élevées. Aussi, plusieurs dispositifs de moulage peuvent être actionnés simultanément et faire partie d'une seule machine. On peut par exemple concevoir un moule d'injection comportant plusieurs cavités, l'objet moulé dans chaque cavité étant réalisé selon l'invention. On peut également concevoir un processus de fabrication séquentiel. Les dispositifs de moulage selon l'invention sont disposés par exemple sur un dispositif rotatif de type carrousel et actionnés séquentiellement. Il va de soi que des procédés combinant des actions simultanées et séquentielles peuvent être envisagés.FIG. 46 shows the multilayer object obtained. The molding device can advantageously be inserted into a more complex assembly leading to the production of objects at high rates. Also, several molding devices can be operated simultaneously and be part of a single machine. It is for example possible to design an injection mold comprising several cavities, the object molded in each cavity being produced according to the invention. You can also design a sequential manufacturing process. The molding devices according to the invention are arranged for example on a rotary device of the carousel type and actuated sequentially. It goes without saying that methods combining simultaneous and sequential actions can be envisaged.
La figure 47 illustre un dispositif de moulage simultané comprenant plusieurs cavités. Le dispositif comprend les deux parties complémentaires 1 et 3 d'un moule comprenant plusieurs cavités, un piston 4 coulissant à l'intérieur de la pièce 2, des obturateurs 9 actionnés simultanément, et un orifice d'alimentation de matière 19. FIG. 47 illustrates a simultaneous molding device comprising several cavities. The device comprises the two complementary parts 1 and 3 of a mold comprising several cavities, a piston 4 sliding inside the part 2, shutters 9 actuated simultaneously, and a material supply orifice 19.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Procédé de moulage par compression d'un objet allongé selon lequel une quantité de matière plastique est initialement alimentée dans un moule, caractérisé en ce que ladite quantité de matière plastique est répartie dans un premier réservoir et un deuxième réservoir reliés entre eux par un passage, lesdits réservoirs se déplaçant relativement l'un par rapport à l'autre à l'intérieur du moule et remplissant de matière plastique ledit passage, ce dernier formant ledit objet allongé. 1. Method for compression molding of an elongated object according to which a quantity of plastic material is initially fed into a mold, characterized in that said quantity of plastic material is distributed in a first reservoir and a second reservoir connected together by a passage, said tanks moving relatively relative to each other inside the mold and filling said passage with plastic, the latter forming said elongated object.
2. Procédé selon la revendication précédente caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise la gravité et/ou que l'on applique une pression sur la matière contenue dans le premier réservoir, ladite pression étant exercée par la colonne d'un fluide disposée au-dessus de la matière plastique ou par un fluide que l'on injecte contre la matière plastique. 2. Method according to the preceding claim characterized in that gravity is used and / or that a pressure is applied to the material contained in the first tank, said pressure being exerted by the column of a fluid disposed au- above the plastic or by a fluid that is injected against the plastic.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'on applique une pression sur la matière contenue dans le premier réservoir, ladite pression étant exercée par un premier piston (17) ou par le mouvement du moule contre une pièce fixe (17).3. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that a pressure is applied to the material contained in the first tank, said pressure being exerted by a first piston (17) or by the movement of the mold against a fixed part (17) .
4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que l'on applique une pression sur la matière contenue dans le deuxième réservoir, ladite pression étant exercée par un deuxième piston (4).4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that a pressure is applied to the material contained in the second tank, said pressure being exerted by a second piston (4).
5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce que l'on applique une pression sur la matière contenue dans le deuxième réservoir, ladite pression étant exercée par un dispositif d'alimentation de matière plastique tel que extrudeuse ou presse à injection.5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that a pressure is applied to the material contained in the second tank, said pressure being exerted by a plastic material supply device such as extruder or press injection.
6. Procédé selon la revendication précédente caractérisé en ce que l'on alimente le deuxième réservoir avec de la matière plastique pendant la formation de l'objet.6. Method according to the preceding claim characterized in that the second tank is supplied with plastic material during the formation of the object.
7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que l'on refroidit au moins les pièces (1 ,3) en contact avec les parois latérales de l'objet formé. 7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the parts (1, 3) are cooled in contact with the side walls of the object formed.
8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que plusieurs matières sont alimentées pour former un objet multicouches.8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several materials are supplied to form a multilayer object.
9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 caractérisé en ce que l'on insère une feuille préchauffée comprenant au moins une couche entre les deux réservoirs, la feuille étant thermoformée pendant la formation de l'objet et se retrouve emprisonnée à l'intérieur de la paroi de l'objet.9. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that one inserts a preheated sheet comprising at least one layer between the two reservoirs, the sheet being thermoformed during the formation of the object and is found trapped in inside the object wall.
10. Dispositif de moulage par compression d'un objet allongé pour la mise en œuvre du procédé de l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9 comprenant :10. Device for compression molding of an elongated object for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 9 comprising:
- un moule (1) formant au moins la paroi longitudinale externe de l'objet,- a mold (1) forming at least the external longitudinal wall of the object,
- un piston support (3) coulissant à l'intérieur du moule (1) et formant la paroi interne de l'objet,- a support piston (3) sliding inside the mold (1) and forming the internal wall of the object,
- un premier réservoir de matière (7) en communication avec une extrémité de la zone de formation de la paroi de l'objet, le dispositif étant caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend un deuxième réservoir de matière (5) en communication avec l'autre extrémité de la zone de formation de la paroi de l'objet.- a first material reservoir (7) in communication with one end of the zone for forming the wall of the object, the device being characterized in that it comprises a second material reservoir (5) in communication with the other end of the object wall formation area.
1 1. Dispositif selon la revendication précédente comprenant des moyens de mise en pression de la matière contenue dans le premier réservoir (7), lesdits moyens de mise en pression étant constitués par la gravité et/ou par une colonne de fluide (6) disposée au-dessus de la matière plastique ou par un système d'injection de fluide mis en contact avec la matière plastique. 1 1. Device according to the preceding claim comprising means for pressurizing the material contained in the first tank (7), said pressurizing means being constituted by gravity and / or by a column of fluid (6) disposed above the plastic or by a fluid injection system brought into contact with the plastic.
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 10 comprenant des moyens de mise en pression de la matière contenue dans le premier réservoir (7), lesdits moyens de mise en pression étant constitués par un premier piston (17) .12. Device according to claim 10 comprising means for pressurizing the material contained in the first tank (7), said pressurizing means being constituted by a first piston (17).
13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12 comprenant des moyens de mise en pression de la matière contenue dans le réservoir inférieur (5) , lesdits moyens de mise en pression étant constitués par un deuxième piston (4). 13. Device according to any one of claims 10 to 12 comprising means for pressurizing the material contained in the lower reservoir (5), said pressurizing means being constituted by a second piston (4).
14. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13 caractérisé en ce que le deuxième réservoir (5) est relié avec un dispositif d'alimentation de matière plastique tel que extrudeuse ou presse à injection.14. Device according to any one of claims 10 to 13 characterized in that the second reservoir (5) is connected with a plastic material supply device such as an extruder or injection press.
15. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14 comprenant des moyens pour isoler l'objet à former du deuxième réservoir (5).15. Device according to any one of claims 10 to 14 comprising means for isolating the object to be formed from the second reservoir (5).
16. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 15 pour la fabrication d'objets coniques caractérisé en ce que le moule et le piston support sont de forme conique.16. Device according to any one of claims 10 to 15 for the manufacture of conical objects characterized in that the mold and the support piston are of conical shape.
17. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 16 comprenant des moyens pour alimenter plusieurs matières plastiques.17. Device according to any one of claims 10 to 16 comprising means for supplying several plastic materials.
18. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 17 comprenant des moyens pour insérer une feuille entre les deux réservoirs, des moyens de chauffage de ladite feuille et optionnellement des moyens pour séparer ladite feuille de l'objet. 18. Device according to any one of claims 10 to 17 comprising means for inserting a sheet between the two reservoirs, means for heating said sheet and optionally means for separating said sheet from the object.
PCT/CH2003/000825 2002-12-19 2003-12-17 Compression moulding device and method WO2004056548A1 (en)

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WO2007098628A1 (en) * 2006-03-01 2007-09-07 Neopreg Ag Apparatus for the production of sprueless molded parts in a transfer molding process and an injection-compression molding process
WO2009155722A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-30 Chemspeed Technologies Ag Device and method for producing a film and/or test bodies and/or foams
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