WO2004044337A1 - 作業機械用ブレードと同ブレードを備えた建設・土木機械 - Google Patents
作業機械用ブレードと同ブレードを備えた建設・土木機械 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004044337A1 WO2004044337A1 PCT/JP2003/014382 JP0314382W WO2004044337A1 WO 2004044337 A1 WO2004044337 A1 WO 2004044337A1 JP 0314382 W JP0314382 W JP 0314382W WO 2004044337 A1 WO2004044337 A1 WO 2004044337A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- cutting edge
- front part
- soil
- central
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
- E02F3/7609—Scraper blade mounted forwardly of the tractor on a pair of pivoting arms which are linked to the sides of the tractor, e.g. bulldozers
- E02F3/7618—Scraper blade mounted forwardly of the tractor on a pair of pivoting arms which are linked to the sides of the tractor, e.g. bulldozers with the scraper blade adjustable relative to the pivoting arms about a horizontal axis
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
- E02F3/80—Component parts
- E02F3/815—Blades; Levelling or scarifying tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
- E02F3/80—Component parts
- E02F3/815—Blades; Levelling or scarifying tools
- E02F3/8152—Attachments therefor, e.g. wear resisting parts, cutting edges
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a blade mounted on various working machines such as a bulldozer and a tractor shovel, and is particularly suitable for work such as excavation, earthmoving, and leveling, and has excellent work efficiency, fuel efficiency and economy. Work related to the improvement of construction machinery blades and construction and civil engineering machines equipped with the blades. Background art
- the amount of soil carried per cycle should be increased as much as possible, the resistance during excavation and soil transportation should be made as small as possible, and it should be possible to adapt to various soil types. It is important to satisfy various conditions such as. It is also preferable that embankment, compaction, and leveling can be performed at the same time, as this will further improve work efficiency. Finding the optimal blade structure, shape, width, height, cutting edge position and digging angle that satisfies these conditions can improve the work efficiency of work machines and increase fuel consumption. Reducing the amount and shortening the overall period leads to benefits such as.
- FIG. 2757135 An example of a blade device for increasing the amount of work of this type of working machine and Then, for example, there is Japanese Patent No. 2757135 which was previously proposed by the present applicant.
- This patent publication discloses a blade device in which the attitude of a blade mounted on the front of a large bulldozer can be controlled for each of the steps of excavation, soil transportation, and earth removal.
- the blade device disclosed in this publication tilts the blade backward (pitch-back) at a predetermined angle with respect to the excavation posture during soil transport, and at a predetermined angle with respect to the excavation posture during earth removal.
- the blade drive hydraulic system is controlled to tilt forward (pitch dump).
- the blade is tilted backward at a predetermined angle with respect to the posture at the time of excavation to increase the amount of soil held in the blade. Due to the amount of soil held in the blade, a force is generated at the front of the vehicle that presses against the ground. This force makes the ground pressure distribution on the track of the vehicle uniform, increases the apparent vehicle weight, and effectively transmits the traction force to the ground. In addition, by holding a large amount of excavated soil in the blade, the weight of the excavated soil raised in front of the blade and the ground contact length of the excavated soil on the ground are reduced, thereby reducing soil transport resistance. ing. On the other hand, at the time of earth removal, the blade is tilted forward at a predetermined angle with respect to the posture at the time of excavation, so that the earth removal work is facilitated.
- the balance of the bulldozer's earthworking work is such that the traction force is greater than the traction resistance and the vehicle's driving force is greater than the traction force, as described in the above publication.
- it is necessary to control the blade attitude to increase the traction force and reduce the soil resistance as described above, and to increase the workload of the bulldozer. It is possible to greatly increase the amount of soil transport without increasing the size of the bulldozer, increasing the engine output, or increasing the capacity of the blades. By the way, most of the engine output required for excavation and earth excavation work in the pull dozer is consumed by vehicle driving force and traction during excavation and earth excavation. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce energy loss during power transmission and improve fuel efficiency.
- the blades are also designed with smaller dimensions than large bulldozers.
- the blade device disclosed in the above publication is used for a large bulldozer, and it is necessary to incorporate a special blade drive hydraulic device and its accessories. For this reason, the structure of the entire blade device is increased, and the number of parts is increased, resulting in a complicated mechanism. Even if the above blade device is mounted on a medium-sized or small-sized pull dozer as it is, it is difficult to secure sufficient installation space for installing extremely complicated mechanisms, and the design of the vehicle body itself will be drastically changed. Must do so, leading to a significant increase in prices.
- the first blade member is attached to the lower front part of the body of the packhoe, and the left and right ends of the first blade member are attached with mounting bolts.
- the blade structure in which the second blade is attached to the aircraft so as to be changeable diagonally forward, obliquely, and rearward is also available.
- a pair of first blade members on both left and right sides are attached to the front of the lower end of the body of the wheeled loader via hinges on the vertical axis in opposite directions to each other, and each of the first blade members is independently turned.
- a blade structure in which a second blade member is attached to the upper edge portion of the blade member via a hinge so as to be able to fall down is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 4-92204, which was previously proposed by the present applicant.
- Disclosed are blade structures in which a first blade member is attached to a lower front portion of the lower end of the fuselage, and a second blade member is bent forward and overhangs both left and right ends of the first blade member.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-40693 discloses an inclined surface for discharging earth and sand remaining on the rear surface of the blade to the side of the blade during leveling work during retreat.
- a formed blade structure is disclosed.
- the blades disclosed in these publications are called and referred to as straight dozers, V dozers, inverted V dozers, U dozers, and the like. Although it is manufactured in a simple form, it reduces horsepower consumption per traction in excavation and earthmoving operations.
- the blade is not a blade that simultaneously achieves the effective use of the energy amount during excavation and transportation and low fuel consumption.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is a blade equipped on various working machines, which can reduce the horsepower consumption by increasing the amount of soil per traction force with a simple structure and improve fuel efficiency.
- the aim is to provide a blade that can be used for excavating, digging, embankment, embankment, compaction, leveling, and other work machines. Disclosure of the invention
- the basic configuration of the present invention for solving this problem is a variety of work machines.
- a central front part, and an end front part disposed at a retreated position via a connected front part at left and right ends thereof, and a lower end of the central front part at a lower end thereof.
- a working machine blade having a first cutting edge extending perpendicularly to an excavation direction.
- Working machines applicable to the present invention include, for example, construction and civil engineering machines, and typical construction machines include construction and civil engineering vehicles such as pull dozers, backhoes, and motor radars.
- the blade of the present invention has a central front part that constitutes a part of the front of the blade, and has a left and right end front part that protrudes so as to expand forward at both left and right end parts of the blade.
- the end front part being continuously arranged at the left and right ends of the central front part, being arranged at a position rearward of the central front part via a connecting front part, the central front part parts and the first cutting edge disposed along the lower end, said end portion in that protrudes forward from the front surface portion and is much different from the conventional blade 0
- the first cutting edge is disposed so as to protrude forward from the tip of the cutting edge at the front surface of the end portion, the first cutting edge is positioned at the lower end of the front surface of the end portion. It is possible to aggressively excavate earth and sand ahead of the cutting blades arranged in the area.
- the first cutting edge excavates first, the substantial cutting power of the cutting edge at the front end portion is smaller than the excavating power of the first cutting edge. Therefore, the traction force acting on the cutting edge at the front end of the end portion is reduced as compared with the related art, and the resistance force such as digging resistance and soil transport resistance is applied between the first cutting edge and the cutting edge at the front end portion of the end portion.
- the resistance is reduced, and the amount of soil per traction can be greatly increased.
- the horsepower consumed during excavation can be greatly reduced, and the maximum amount of excavation and soil excavation can be obtained with a minimum amount of energy in a short time.
- the cost can be significantly improved and the cost per earthwork can be reduced.
- the outer shape of the soil carried by the blade according to the present invention has a shape that rises greatly from the upper end to the lower end of the central front part, beyond the angle of repose at the central part, and forward.
- the appearance of the soil is a linear planar shape having an inclination angle substantially equal to the angle of repose from the upper end to the lower end of the blade.
- a blade having a shape very similar to the blade shape of the present invention is described in WO93 / 225. No. 12 is disclosed in the official gazette.
- the blade described in this publication is applied to a landfill compression work vehicle that spreads and compresses garbage at a garbage dump.
- the shape of the blade is the same as that of a conventional blade.
- the vehicle has a flat central blade portion, and a projecting portion which is inclined downward from the middle of the central blade portion in the vertical direction to project in the vehicle traveling direction.
- the blade disclosed in this publication has a function of diffusing garbage and the like, and a processing amount for compressing garbage and the like, and at the same time, a space formed between the left and right wheels as a compression member. It has been developed with an emphasis on the function of limiting the amount of dust sent into the space so that an excessive amount of dust and the like does not enter and damage the lower surface of the vehicle body. Therefore, when comparing the blade shape disclosed in this publication with the blade shape disclosed in this publication, it can be understood that there is a great difference in the following points.
- the central front portion of the blade of the present invention is continuously connected from the upper end to the lower end of the center of the blade in order to deposit and hold a large amount of excavated earth and sand, whereas the publication corresponding to the central front portion
- the central protruding part of the blade of the above (1) is projected from the middle between the upper and lower ends of the central blade part to the lower end because the main purpose is to remove excess debris.
- the blade width at the lower end of the central front portion is set larger than the inner width between the left and right traveling devices. This is because when performing leveling work by traveling forward, leveling the ground without running traces of the traveling equipment is the minimum required.
- the width of the front center of the blade at the lower end of the center front is approximately equal to the gauge width, which is the distance between the centers of the right and left traveling devices, the most excellent balance can be obtained in terms of excavation, soiling and leveling functions.
- the main operations of the above-mentioned work machines include operations such as excavation, earthmoving, and leveling. It is important to equip blades with functions that can satisfy these operations at the same time.
- the blade of the present invention has a leveling function together with excavation and soil transportation.
- this kind of leveling work requires two points: leveling the ground while excavating the ground, moving the ground forward, filling the hole along the way, and leveling the ground uniformly. Is done.
- the so-called leveling function is increased.
- the central front portion projects forward from the left and right connecting front portions and end front portions.
- the connection front part and the end part front part in the present invention also have a leveling function, most of the functions largely depend on the central front part. Therefore, even in the present invention, it is possible to increase the blade width at the central front surface portion.
- the first cutting edge is disposed so as to protrude forward from the front end of the cutting edge on the front end portion of the end portion. Actively excavates earth and sand ahead of the cutting edge arranged at the lower end of the front end of the end, and excavates the soil excavated by the cutting edge of the front end of the end and the first cutting edge described above. Smoothly merges with soil to significantly increase soil transportation It is important to increase. Therefore, in the present invention, as the blade width of the central front portion is increased, the width occupied by the connecting front portion and the end front portion in a top view must be reduced.
- connection front portion and the end front portion In order to reduce the width occupied by the connection front portion and the end front portion, and to reduce the resistance such as excavation resistance and soil transportation resistance to greatly increase the amount of soil transport, the connection front portion and It is preferable to make the length along the lower end of the end front part constant.
- the connection front part in order to increase the blade width of the central front part and secure the required length along the lower end of the connection front part and the end front part, the connection front part with respect to the excavation direction of the central front part in top view The bending angle between the front end and the end must be reduced. As a result, it is necessary to increase the distance between the position of the cutting edge in the center front part and the support point of the straight frame supporting the blade.
- the effective width per blade width of the first cutting edge of the central front portion is set.
- Increased excavation power will allow for efficient excavation and soil excavation, while at the same time allowing for even leveling.
- the effective width at the central protruding portion is assumed to be substantially equal to the distance between the left and right wheels as the compression device, in other words, the distance between the opposing surfaces of the left and right wheels. ing. This is a natural structure because the function of the central projection prevents a large amount of dust from entering the space formed between the left and right wheels.
- the left and right connecting front portions are arranged so as to extend rearward at a predetermined angle continuously from the central front portion, and a second cutting edge is provided at a lower end.
- the left and right front end portions are arranged so as to extend forward at a predetermined angle from the connecting front portion and have a third cutting edge at a lower end. This point is also different from the blade disclosed in the above publication.
- the central front part, the connection front part, and the first to third cutting blades are continuously provided at lower ends of the end part front part. It extends perpendicularly to the direction of excavation, and extends forward from the second cutting edge of the connecting front surface and the third cutting edge of the end front surface, so that it excavates in advance of the first cutting edge. And the second and third cutting edges are also provided with a function of excavating little by little.
- the second cutting edge and the third cutting edge are preferably continuous in a V-shape or a U-shape.
- the excavated soil is fixed to the switching portion between the connection front portion and the end front portion, and In many cases, the switching area is
- the connecting front face and the end front face are continuous in a V-shape or a U-shape like the second cutting edge and the third cutting edge.
- the connecting front portion smoothly joins the soil moving from both the end front portion and the central front portion during excavation and soil transfer, and combines the soil with the connecting front portion and the end front portion. Hold along the front of each blade. For this reason, the loss of soil volume is reduced, and at the same time, the resistance of soil that is going to flow from the front end portion toward the central front portion is reduced, and the soil is deposited on the front surface of the blade at the central front portion.
- the soil volume can be greatly increased as described above.
- this type of self-propelled work machine is often provided with an engine room in the center of the front part of the vehicle body, and the operator operates various controls 1 behind the engine room. For this reason, the operator's view is blocked by the engine room, and the amount of excavated soil deposited on the front part of the center cannot be directly checked visually.
- the center front part, the left and right connecting front part when viewed from the front when the blade is brought into contact with the ground at the digging angle with the digging angle, If the cutting edges of the front edge of the left and right end parts are arranged so as to be on the same straight line, the amount of soil deposited between the connected front part and the front part of the end arranged on the left and right Can only be confirmed.
- the amount of soil deposited on the central front part increases the amount of soil deposited on the central front part due to the amount of soil deposited between the connecting front part and the end front part as described above. . Therefore, by the time when the operator can confirm the sediment deposited between the connecting front part and the end front part from diagonally above, the amount of soil deposited on the central front part exceeds a predetermined amount. Increase the complexity of blade operation.
- the blade is in a posture when exhibiting the maximum digging performance, usually in a front view when the blade lands on the ground surface at an digging angle, and Blade to center 1st cutting edge 3 014382
- Each of them is arranged so as to be slightly inclined downward, and the third cutting edge is arranged to be inclined slightly upward with respect to the second cutting edge.
- the switching portion between the second cutting edge and the third cutting edge enters the ground in a normal posture, and during excavation, the second cutting edge and the third cutting edge are connected to each other.
- a larger excavation amount than before can be obtained.
- the amount of soil deposited between the connection front part and the end front part increases, and follows the soil deposition amount at the central front part.
- the operator can determine the amount of soil deposited between the left and right connecting front parts and the end front parts. By visually checking, it is possible to grasp the appropriate amount of sedimentary soil at the central front part, and to perform smooth blade operation.
- the central front part, the connection front part, and the end front part can be formed independently, and the front parts can be continuously formed by welding.
- each front portion can be integrally formed by fabrication or the like.
- the present invention includes a support for supporting a rear surface of the central front portion, the connection front portion, and the end front portion, and the left and right sides of the support are on the left and right sides of the end front portion. It extends in the direction of excavation beyond the edge.
- the blade of the present invention is firmly supported by the open front edge of the support.
- the back surface of the support opposite to the front edge is supported in the vehicle traveling direction via a frame arm or the like of the work machine.
- the left and right side portions of the support have a function as side plates for reinforcing the front surface of the end portion.
- the width along the cutting edge at the lower end of the front end portion of the end portion is the center 2003/014382
- the width is set to be smaller than the width along the cutting edge at the lower end of the front part, and further smaller than the width along the cutting edge at the lower end of the connecting front part.
- the front surfaces of the blades of the central front surface, the connection front surface, and the end front surface are inclined more rearward than the front surfaces of the cutting blades. In this way, tilting the entire blade reduces the contact length of the soil deposited on the ground to the ground when the angle of inclination at the front of the sediment carried by the blade, that is, the angle of repose is constant. Conversely, a large amount of soil can be loaded on the front of the blade. As a result, it is possible to greatly reduce soil resistance, etc., greatly reduce the horsepower consumed per traction, and obtain good fuel efficiency.
- a receding angle which is a difference between an angle between the front surface of each of the cutting blades and the ground and an angle between the lower end surface of the front surface and the ground, is set within a range of 15 ° or less. Setting the sweep angle above 15 ° will reduce the amount of soil spilling from the rear end of the blade.
- At least the front surface of the blade at the central front portion is formed of a curved surface that is vertically continuous. At least the front surface of the blade at the central front surface is set to a curved surface that does not limit the amount of soil held in or the entrapment.
- the curved surface has a concave shape having the same curvature, and furthermore, each blade of the connecting front surface and the end front surface 3 014382
- the front surface has a curved surface having the same curvature.
- an intersection angle of the central front surface and the end front surface that intersects on an extension of each cutting edge is set to 25 ° or less.
- the angle is set in the range of 15 to 20 °.
- this crossing angle is 25 ° or less, it is possible to secure an optimum soil volume to be piled on the front surfaces of the blades of the connection front portion and the end front portion, and The resistance of the soil moving from the part toward the connection front part can be reduced.
- the edge angle formed by the front surface and the ground when the cutting edge of each cutting edge is on the ground is 35 ° or more, so that the minimum amount of excavation and soil transfer energy and the maximum amount of soil Can be obtained effectively.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration example of a typical blade applied to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the blade.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view showing an end of a cutting edge of the blade.
- FIG. 4 is a side view showing the entire work machine for explaining the lifting / lowering operation of the blade.
- FIG. 5 is a top view showing a main structure of the working machine.
- FIG. 6 is a rear view of the blade.
- FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the blade.
- FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI of FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XII-XII and XI-XI in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII of FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the sediment deposited in front of the play due to the normal posture and the backward inclined posture of the blade during excavation and soil transport.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing an example of a change in the traction force with respect to the moving distance of the blade, comparing the model blade of the present invention with the conventional model blade.
- Fig. 17 is a graph showing an example of the change in load with respect to the moving distance of the blade, comparing the load acting on the left and right ends of the model blade of the present invention with the load acting on the left and right ends of the conventional model blade. It is.
- FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a load impulse between the model blade of the present invention and a conventional model blade.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing an example of a change in soil volume with respect to the moving distance of the blade, comparing the model blade of the present invention with a conventional model blade.
- FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a sediment accumulation shape of a conventional model blade.
- FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing an example of the sediment accumulation shape of the model blade according to the present invention.
- the blade of the present invention is a work attachment mounted on various work machines. 2003/014382
- Work machines applied to the present invention include, for example, construction and civil engineering machines.
- a bulldozer (not shown) will be described as an example of a construction and civil engineering machine.
- the present invention is not limited to this. included.
- a blade 10 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, a blade 10 according to a typical structural example of the present invention includes a blade front portion 11 having a curved shape that is concavely curved up and down.
- the blade front portion 11 is made of a high-rigidity steel material that is long in the lateral direction, and its peripheral edge is welded and integrated with a support 20 made of the same material.
- the blade front part 11 has a central front part 12 having a linear first cutting edge 15 at the lower end, and a predetermined angle in the rearward direction which is continuous with the first cutting edge 15 and is expanded at a predetermined angle.
- a pair of left and right connecting front portions 13 having a second cutting edge 16 extending in parallel with the second cutting edge 16, and a linear second front edge extending and extending at a predetermined angle in a forward direction following the second cutting edge 16. It comprises a pair of left and right end front portions 14 having three cutting blades 17.
- the central front portion 12 projects forward from the coupling front portion 13 and the end front portion 14. It is to be.
- the center front surface portion 12 is formed so as to be gradually narrower from the upper side to the lower side.
- the lower end of the central front portion 12 has a blade width having a digging function, a soil carrying function, and a sufficient leveling function.
- the first cutting edge 15 attached along the lower end of the central front part 12 has a flat linear shape, and the blade 10 must be replaced for each operation of excavation, soil transportation and leveling. It can be used effectively for excavation, soil transfer work, and leveling work without any work, and each work can be performed smoothly and efficiently.
- one side edge of the connecting front portion 13 is a front side.
- the end front part 14 is formed to have the same width from the upper side to the lower side.
- These front parts 13 and 14 are joined in a V-shape that spreads greatly left and right in the horizontal direction, as shown in Figs.
- a V-shape is shown in the illustrated example, the shape is not necessarily limited to this shape.
- a U-shape with a wide open end may be used.
- the front view refers to a front view when the cutting edge is grounded at the highest excavation angle with respect to the ground as shown in FIG.
- the connecting front section 13 has a function of smoothly joining the soil moving from both the center front section 12 and the end front section 14 during excavation and soil transport. Further, the front end portion 14 has a function of securely holding the soil during excavation and soil transportation so as not to spill outside from the side of the blade.
- the connection front part 13 and the end front part 14 are raised along the front of each blade and hold the soil, so that the loss of soil volume is reduced, and the end front part 14 to the central front part 12 is reduced.
- the first cutting edge 15, the second cutting edge 16, and the resistance of the soil that is flowing toward it can be reduced to greatly increase the amount of soil deposited on the front surface of the blade in the central front section 12.
- the third cutting edge 17 is made of a tough material that has excellent wear resistance and is not easily damaged, such as boron steel.
- the arrangement of the first cutting edge 15, the second cutting edge 16, and the third cutting edge 17 as described above is such that the first cutting edge 15 is the second and third cutting edges 16, 17.
- Excavation will take place earlier than the excavation. Since the excavation by the first cutting edge 15 breaks down the surrounding ground in advance, the substantial excavating power required for the second and third cutting edges 16 and 17 is reduced by the first cutting edge 15.
- the blade width W1 of the central front portion 12 is set substantially equal to the gauge width WG, which is the distance between the centers of traveling devices such as left and right crawler belts and wheels, as shown in FIG. ing.
- the blade 10 in the present embodiment has not only the excavation and soil transfer functions but also the leveling function. Generally, when the blade width W1 of the central front portion 12 is increased, the so-called leveling function is increased.
- the blade 10 has the central front portion 12 projecting forward from the left and right connecting front portions 13 and end front portions 14 in a top view.
- connection front portion 13 and the end front portion 14 also have a ground leveling function, but most of the functions are left to the central front portion 12. Therefore, in order to expand the leveling function, it is desired to increase the blade width W1 at the central front portion 12. At the very least, the ground between the left and right traveling devices must be leveled during the leveling work by forward traveling, so the blade width W1 of the central front part 12 is larger than the inner width W0 between the left and right traveling devices. It is desirable.
- the stable front excavation by the central front part is enabled and the ground surface is evenly leveled.
- the blade width W1 of the central front portion 12 and the blade widths W2 and W3 of the connection front portion 13 and the end front portion 14 as viewed from above.
- the blade width W1 of the central front portion 12 is set substantially equal to the gauge width WG which is the distance between the centers of the left and right traveling devices, the first cutting edge 15 of the central front portion 12
- the effective excavation power per width increases, enabling efficient excavation and soil excavation, and at the same time, uniform leveling.
- each of the cutting edges 15 to 17 is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the blade 10 is connected to the most efficient excavation angle of the first cutting edge 15 (FIG. 12). 2)
- the front side is set on the ground surface with PT / JP2003 / 014382
- the first cutting edge 15 extends horizontally at a slight angle from each extension line of the cutting edge of the first cutting edge 15, and the third cutting edge 17 is further inclined left and right of the cutting edge of the first cutting edge 15. It is arranged with a slight angle upward from the extension line. That is, as shown in an enlarged manner in FIG. 3, when the cutting edge of the first cutting edge 15 is in contact with the ground line GL, the intersection of the second cutting edge 16 and the third cutting edge 17 A is underground slightly below ground line GL.
- the excavation angle] 3 is set to 46 °
- the distance between the ground line GL and the intersection A is set to 24 mm. Needless to say, the excavation angle and the distance between the ground line GL and the intersection A are changed depending on the type of the working machine and cannot be determined uniformly.
- the intersection A between the second cutting edge 16 and the third cutting edge 17 is When in an excavation posture, they will dig into the ground.In excavation, for example, unlike the case where the lower ends of the first to third cutting edges 15 to 17 are arranged in a straight line, The supplementary excavation in which the excavation amount increases between the cutting edge 16 and the third cutting edge 17 can be realized. Due to this supplementary excavation, the amount of soil deposited between the connection front part 13 and the end front part 14 increases, and the connection front part 1 follows the amount of soil deposited at the central front part 12. A swell continues upward between 3 and the front end 14.
- the operator can check the left and right connecting front parts 13 and the end front parts 1.
- the appropriate amount of soil deposited on the central front part 12 can be grasped, and smooth blade operation can be performed.
- each front part 12 to 14 is formed independently, and the blade front part 11 in which the left and right ends of each front part 12 to 14 are continuously formed by welding is illustrated.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and naturally includes, for example, a blade front part in which each front part is integrally formed by a structure or the like.
- the blade can be integrally formed by appropriately setting the size and thickness of the front surface of the blade.
- the blade front portion 11 is firmly supported by the support body 20 as shown in FIGS.
- the support body 20 is composed of a case body having an opening in the front, and has a rear plate 21 having a long rectangular shape, a pair of left and right side plates 22 and 22 having a long rectangular shape, and a blade at the front edge.
- the upper and lower plates 23, 24, which have shapes matching the upper edge of the front part 11, are welded and integrated, respectively.
- the rear plate 21 has a plurality of mounting flanges 25 for mounting to the front of the pull dozer via a lift frame, a brace, an arm, a tilt cylinder and a lift cylinder. ,..., 25 protrude rearward.
- a plurality of reinforcing members for reinforcing the respective cutting edges 15 to 17 are provided at portions of the lower plate 24 of the support body 20 corresponding to the respective cutting edges 15 to 17.
- , 26 are extended in the front-rear direction.
- the front end of each vertical plate rib 26, ..., 26 and the rear surface of the cutting edge 15 to 17 It is screwed.
- Inside the support body 20, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, four reinforcing plates 27,..., 27 are horizontally arranged in the longitudinal direction at predetermined intervals vertically. .
- the front edge of the reinforcing plate 27 has a shape that matches the back shape of the blade front portion 11.
- the reinforcing plate 27 is welded to the inner surface of the back plate 21 and the inner surface of the side plate 22 of the support body 20 and the back surface of the blade front part 11 to be integrated.
- the side plate 22 of the support 20 is disposed beyond the side edge of the front end portion 14.
- the side plate 22 has a function of reinforcing the front end portion 14 of the end portion.
- the support body 20 can increase the strength and rigidity, and the end front surface section 14 can sufficiently exhibit the function of reliably holding the soil during excavation and transportation with a simple structure.
- the central front part 12, the connecting front part 13 and the end front part 14 are made of a plate material and are integrated by welding. 4 can be made in one piece.
- the blade width W 1 of the central front portion 12, the blade width W 2 of the connecting front portion 13, and the blade width W 3 of the end front portion 14 have a relationship of W 3 ⁇ W 2 ⁇ W 1. ing.
- the effective digging force between the second cutting edge 16 of the coupling front part 13 and the third cutting edge 17 of the end front part 14 can be reduced by the central front part 1 2
- the effective excavating force of the first cutting edge 15 can be reduced.
- the amount of soil loaded along the front surfaces of the blades with the connecting front portion 13 and the end front portion 14 can be reduced, and the resistance of the soil to the central front portion 12 can be reduced.
- intersection angle ⁇ ⁇ shown in FIG. 7 where the center front part 12 and the end part front part 14 intersect on the extension line of each cutting edge 15, 17 is set to 16 °.
- This intersection angle 2 is 25. If set as above, before connecting from the front part 14 at the end Two
- the crossing angle 0 be set to 25 ° or less, and an optimum soil volume to be loaded on the front surfaces of the connection front part 13 and the end front part 14 is secured. can do.
- the intersection angle 0 is set in the range of 10 to 20 °.
- the front face of the blade of the central front part 12 is inclined more rearward than the front face of the first cutting edge 15.
- the angle between the front surface of the first cutting edge 15 and the ground (edge angle), the angle between the lower end surface of the central front portion 12 and the ground surface (digging angle) j3
- the receding angle ⁇ which is the difference between the two, is set to 10 ° as shown in FIG.
- the receding angle ⁇ is preferably 15 ° or less, and it is possible to reduce spillage behind each of the front portions 12 to 14 during excavation and soil transfer.
- the front faces of the blades of the central front face part 12, the connection front face part 13, and the terminal front face part 14 are vertically continuous as described above and shown in FIGS. 1 and 12 to 14. It has a concave curved surface. It is preferable that the blade front surface of each of the front portions 12 to 14 is set to a curved surface that does not limit the amount of soil held or the height of the raised portion, and has a concave curved surface having the same curvature. In the illustrated example, the blade front surfaces of the connecting front surface portion 13 and the end front surface portion 14 have the same curvature.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory view schematically showing a change in slip resistance between the soil deposited on the ground surface in front of the blade and the ground based on the blade attitude.
- a solid line indicates the soiling attitude of the blade 10 according to the present invention
- a virtual line indicates the soiling attitude of a normal blade.
- the front curved surfaces of both blades are the same, and the excavation angle i8 is constant.
- the amount of soil deposited on the surface should be reduced.
- the inclination angle (repose angle) of the front of the sedimentary soil when carried by the blade is constant. Therefore, in order to reduce the amount of soil deposited on the ground surface, the tip of the soil can be adjusted so that the distance between the cutting edge and the tip of the soil deposited on the ground is from L2 to L1.
- the blade edge of the blade 10 should be brought as close as possible, and the hatched area indicated by the downward-sloping inclined line shown by the solid line and the imaginary line in the figure should be shifted from S2 to S1.
- the cutting edge angle a without changing the excavation angle (3) as shown by the solid line in Fig. 15.
- the receding angle ⁇ is too large, not only does the spillage to the rear of the blade increase as described above, but also the sedimentary soil is less likely to fall from the blade 10 during discharging. Therefore, the value of the receding angle y is preferably 15 ° or less as described above.
- the receding angle ⁇ is set to 10 °
- the contact length L 2 of the ordinary sediment deposited on the surface in front of the cutting edge at this time is set to L 2
- the ground contact length L1 of the sedimentary soil of the blade 10 in this embodiment is reduced by about 10%, and the amount of sedimentary soil on the ground surface is greatly reduced.
- soil resistance and the like can be significantly reduced, and the horsepower consumed per traction can be significantly reduced, resulting in good fuel efficiency.
- model blade of the present invention The following experiment was carried out by fabricating a model reduced in size to 1/15 from the actual size of the blade 10 of the present invention configured as described above.
- This model blade Blanket width 2 7 1 mm, Blanket height 1 2 4 mm, the blade capacity (hereinafter, referred to as model blade of the present invention.) was set at 4 4 2 7 cm 3.
- the measurement conditions were as follows: the excavation depth of the blade was 1 O mm, the cutting edge angle ⁇ was 52 °, the running speed was 35 mm, and the speed was constant, and the water content of the model blade of the present invention was 7.8%. And cut it into the masago soil. Then, using a load measurement stress gauge, the stress of the cutting blade and blade stay Measured.
- a model of a conventional blade as shown in Fig. 18 (A), the left and right ends of the central front face are arranged with an inclined front, and the cutting edges 1 17, A so-called semi-U-shaped blade 110 has been manufactured in which 1 117 projects forward from the cutting blade 1 115 at the center front.
- the blade width, blade height, and blade capacity of this model blade (hereinafter referred to as a conventional model blade) were set in the same manner as the model blade of the present invention, and measured under the same conditions as the model blade of the present invention. The results are shown in FIGS. 16 to 21.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing an example of a change in traction force with respect to the moving distance of the blade under the same excavation conditions, comparing the model blade of the present invention with the conventional model blade.
- the waveform represented by the thick solid line on the graph indicates the change in the tractive force of the model blade of the present invention
- the parabolic curve represented by the thick solid line indicates the average value of the tractive force.
- the parabolic curve represented by a thin solid line on the graph indicates the average value of the tractive force.
- the traction force of the model blade of the present invention gradually increases with a smaller force than the conventional model blade with the increase of the moving distance, and the distance at which the soil becomes full within the model blade ( The part indicated by the two-dot chain line in the figure) is shorter than the conventional model blade.
- the blade of the present invention can obtain the same excavation amount with a smaller traction force and a shorter moving distance than the conventional plate.
- the force acting on the left and right ends of the model blade of the present invention is compared with the force acting on the left and right ends of the conventional model blade.
- An example is shown in a graph.
- the vertical axis indicates the force acting on the blade with the movement direction being positive. The greater the absolute value, the greater the load on the left and right ends of the blade.
- the horizontal axis indicates the moving distance of the blade in a predetermined excavation state.
- a thick solid line on the graph The waveforms represent the changes in the forces acting on the left and right ends of the model blade of the present invention, and the parabolic curve represented by the thick solid line represents the average value of the forces.
- the waveform shown by the thin solid line on the graph shows the change in the force acting on the left and right ends of the conventional model blade, and the parabola shown by the thin solid line shows the average value of the force.
- the load applied to the left and right ends of the blade increases with the distance traveled until the soil is full in the blade, that is, until the soil carrying capacity is saturated.
- the model blade of the present invention receives the same load as the conventional model blade and moves a short distance (the portion indicated by the dashed line in the figure) on both left and right ends of the blade. Beyond that distance, the load acting on the left and right ends of the blade also gradually increases with the conventional model blade, and becomes almost constant over the distance indicated by the two-dot chain line in the figure. Transition to. On the other hand, with the conventional model blade, the load has increased consistently within the travel distance shown in the figure, indicating that the excavation has not been completed.
- the blade of the present invention has a shorter moving distance in the same excavation and a smaller load on the left and right end portions (so-called cutting edge) in a state where the excavation has progressed to some extent, as compared with the conventional blade. .
- Fig. 18 (A) shows an example of the load impulse of the conventional model blade
- Fig. 18 (B) shows an example of the load impulse of the model blade of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 (B) substantially the same members as those of the blade 10 of the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the model blade 10 of the present invention reduces the load acting on the second and third cutting edges 16, 17 at the left and right ends of the central front surface 12.
- a small traction force acts almost uniformly from the first cutting edge 15 of the central front portion 12 to the second and third cutting edges 16, 17, and acts on each of the cutting edges 15 to 17. It can be understood that the cutting edge force is effectively acting.
- the conventional blade 110 requires an excessive load to obtain the maximum soil volume.
- the load acting on the cutting blades 1 17 at both left and right ends of the conventional blade 110 acts in a concentrated manner, the cutting blade 1 15 at the center front of the blade 110 is used for excavating soil. It could not work effectively.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing the change in soil volume with respect to the moving distance of the blade, comparing the model blade of the present invention with the conventional model blade.
- the change in soil volume between the model blade of the present invention and the conventional model blade is plotted on the graph with ⁇ and the drawing, and the change in the amount of soil spilling from the blade side (one window opening) is indicated by a thick broken line and a thin broken line. Are indicated by.
- FIGS. 20 and 21 show an example of the sediment deposited by the conventional model blade
- FIGS. 21 (A) and (B) show the model blade of the present invention. 1 shows an example of a sediment accumulation shape due to the above.
- the amount of soil deposited in front of the left and right ends of the model blade 10 of the present invention is smaller than that of the conventional model blade.
- the amount of soil deposited in front of the conventional model blade 110 is substantially linearly deposited over the entire width of the blade, as shown in FIGS.
- the amount of soil deposited in front of the model blade 10 is from the left and right side edges of the blade 10 toward the center and above the blade 10 It can be seen that the sediment is piled up from the angle of repose to the lower part, exceeding the angle of repose.
- the blade 10 of the present invention reduces soil spills. It can be understood that the amount of soil deposited in front of the blade can be significantly increased by reducing the amount.
- the total amount of soil deposited forward when the blade of the present invention is in the soil carrying posture is larger than that of the conventional blade. This is because, as described above, the retreat angle ⁇ of the blade front part 11 is set to 15 ° or less and the blade 10 is inclined backward, so that the excavation A large amount of piled sedimentary soil is loaded on the front of the blade, and the ground contact length of the sedimentary soil on the ground is reduced.
- the traction force and the amount of soil per traction force of the blade of the present invention are larger than those of the conventional blade.
- the blade of the present invention has reduced excavation resistance compared to conventional blades, and also reduced soil transport resistance. Therefore, the horsepower consumed during excavation and soil removal in the blade of the present invention is lower than the horsepower consumed during excavation and soil removal in the conventional blade. From the above points, it is clear how the blade of the present invention can efficiently realize a desired dozer operation with a shorter traction time and a smaller tractive force and excavation force than the conventional blade, as compared with the conventional blade. It can be understood.
- the first cutting edge 15 of the blade 10 according to the present invention projects further forward than the second and third cutting edges 16 and 17, so Actively excavates earth and sand ahead of the third cutting edge 16 and 17.
- the actual digging force of the second and third cutting edges 16 and 17 is smaller than the digging force of the first cutting edge 15, and the traction force acting on the third cutting edge 17 is alleviated to reduce the cutting force.
- the traction force acts on the blades 15 to 17 effectively. Therefore, the resistance to traction is reduced, and the amount of soil per traction can be greatly increased. What's more, excavation can reduce horsepower consumption during transportation significantly 4382
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Agricultural Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/480,147 US6938701B2 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2003-11-12 | Blade for working machine, and construction and earth-moving machine with the blade |
AU2003280747A AU2003280747B2 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2003-11-12 | Blade for working machine, and construction and earth-moving machine with the blade |
EP03772712A EP2112278A4 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2003-11-12 | SHOVEL FOR WORKING MACHINE AND CONSTRUCTION AND EARTHING MACHINE WITH SHOVELS |
JP2004551222A JP4493504B2 (ja) | 2002-11-12 | 2003-11-12 | 作業機械用ブレードと同ブレードを備えた建設・土木機械 |
AU2008258176A AU2008258176B2 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2008-12-17 | Blade for an earth-moving machine and earth-moving machine with the blade |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2002/011787 WO2003091504A1 (fr) | 2002-11-12 | 2002-11-12 | Lame d'engin de terrassement |
JPPCT/JP02/11787 | 2002-11-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004044337A1 true WO2004044337A1 (ja) | 2004-05-27 |
Family
ID=29267277
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2002/011787 WO2003091504A1 (fr) | 2002-11-12 | 2002-11-12 | Lame d'engin de terrassement |
PCT/JP2003/014382 WO2004044337A1 (ja) | 2002-11-12 | 2003-11-12 | 作業機械用ブレードと同ブレードを備えた建設・土木機械 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2002/011787 WO2003091504A1 (fr) | 2002-11-12 | 2002-11-12 | Lame d'engin de terrassement |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6938701B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2112278A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4493504B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100482900C (ja) |
AU (3) | AU2002363813A1 (ja) |
WO (2) | WO2003091504A1 (ja) |
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CN1782239B (zh) * | 2004-12-02 | 2010-05-05 | 株式会社小松制作所 | 用于施工机械的刮板装置和具有刮板装置的施工机械 |
JP2006161288A (ja) * | 2004-12-02 | 2006-06-22 | Komatsu Ltd | 作業機械用ブレード装置と同ブレード装置を備えた作業機械 |
JP4689252B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-02 | 2011-05-25 | 株式会社小松製作所 | 作業機械用ブレード装置と同ブレード装置を備えた作業機械 |
US7810581B2 (en) | 2004-12-02 | 2010-10-12 | Komatsu Ltd. | Blade apparatus for work machine and work machine having the same |
FR2878869A1 (fr) * | 2004-12-02 | 2006-06-09 | Komatsu Mfg Co Ltd | Dispositif de lame pour engin de travaux et engin de travaux equipe de celui-ci |
AU2005200645B2 (en) * | 2004-12-02 | 2010-03-11 | Komatsu Limited | Blade apparatus for work machine and work machine having the same |
US7654336B2 (en) | 2005-09-14 | 2010-02-02 | Komatsu Ltd. | Work machine blade device and work machine including the same |
WO2007032191A1 (ja) | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-22 | Komatsu Ltd. | 作業機械用ブレード装置およびこれが搭載された作業機械 |
EP1925752A4 (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2011-07-20 | Komatsu Mfg Co Ltd | BLADE DEVICE FOR A WORK MACHINE AND WORKING MACHINE THEREWITH |
CN101258290B (zh) * | 2005-09-14 | 2012-01-25 | 株式会社小松制作所 | 用于工程机械的铲刀装置及搭载有该装置的工程机械 |
US7690441B2 (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2010-04-06 | Komatsu Ltd. | Blade device for working machine and working machine mounting blade device |
WO2007032230A1 (ja) * | 2005-09-15 | 2007-03-22 | Komatsu Ltd. | 作業機械用ブレード装置と同ブレード装置が搭載された作業機械 |
WO2013095919A1 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | Caterpillar Inc. | Dozing blade assembly, cutter and dozing method |
US8602122B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2013-12-10 | Caterpillar Inc. | Track-type tractor, dozing blade assembly, and dozing blade with steep center segment |
WO2014025996A1 (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2014-02-13 | Caterpillar Inc. | Cutter for dozing blade, service package, and method |
US8783376B2 (en) | 2012-08-09 | 2014-07-22 | Caterpillar Inc. | Cutter for dozing blade, service package, and method |
WO2015031090A1 (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-03-05 | Caterpillar Inc. | Implement end cutting-bit |
US9840825B2 (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2017-12-12 | Caterpillar Inc. | Implement end cutting-bit |
US9556595B2 (en) | 2014-08-05 | 2017-01-31 | Caterpillar Inc. | High performance implement wear member |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2003091504A1 (fr) | 2003-11-06 |
EP2112278A1 (en) | 2009-10-28 |
AU2003280747A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
CN1711399A (zh) | 2005-12-21 |
AU2008258176B2 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
EP2112278A4 (en) | 2010-04-21 |
US20050098332A1 (en) | 2005-05-12 |
JPWO2004044337A1 (ja) | 2006-03-09 |
CN100482900C (zh) | 2009-04-29 |
JP4493504B2 (ja) | 2010-06-30 |
AU2008258176A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
AU2002363813A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 |
AU2003280747B2 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
US6938701B2 (en) | 2005-09-06 |
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