WO2004041574A1 - Voiture electrique hybride - Google Patents

Voiture electrique hybride Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004041574A1
WO2004041574A1 PCT/JP2003/014096 JP0314096W WO2004041574A1 WO 2004041574 A1 WO2004041574 A1 WO 2004041574A1 JP 0314096 W JP0314096 W JP 0314096W WO 2004041574 A1 WO2004041574 A1 WO 2004041574A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
engine
electric motor
generator
electric vehicle
vehicle according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2003/014096
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Ryosuke Hata
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2002323115A external-priority patent/JP2004156536A/ja
Priority claimed from JP2003030761A external-priority patent/JP2004229480A/ja
Application filed by Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. filed Critical Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
Publication of WO2004041574A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004041574A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46—Series type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/15—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with additional electric power supply
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/023—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow
    • F02D19/024—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow by controlling fuel injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
    • F02D29/02—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving vehicles; peculiar to engines driving variable pitch propellers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
    • F02D29/06—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0209—Hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. methane or acetylene
    • F02M21/0212—Hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. methane or acetylene comprising at least 3 C-Atoms, e.g. liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], propane or butane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) that drives a wheel by driving a wheel by constructing a hybrid system using an M engine (hereinafter referred to as an “engine”) and an electric motor.
  • HEV hybrid electric vehicle
  • engine M engine
  • electric motor electric motor
  • DC electricity stored in the battery is converted into AC electricity at a required voltage through an inverter, and the AC motor rotates the electric motor to drive wheels. This allows electric vehicles to run.
  • An object of the present invention is to rotate a generator by an engine, and convert the generated DC electricity into DC electricity required by a DC / DC converter and store the electricity in a storage means. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hybrid electric vehicle adopting the configuration described above.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid electric vehicle capable of obtaining high running performance even when large horsepower and large torque are required.
  • the hybrid electric vehicle includes: an engine; a generator; a power storage unit for storing the power generated by the generator; an electric motor rotated by the power generated by the generator or discharged from the power storage unit; Wheels driven by at least one or both of the driving force of the own engine and the driving force of the electric motor.
  • the generator can be driven and the electricity generated by the generator can be stored in the power storage means, so that it is not necessary to frequently charge the battery.
  • the efficiency of the engine is greatly reduced when the engine speed is increased (starting, climbing a hill, at the time of caro speed, etc.), and shows an efficiency of 30 to 50% during high-speed stable running.
  • electric motors generally exhibit high efficiencies between 70% and 95% regardless of these running mode differences. Therefore, in particular, when the vehicle runs using the electric motor all the time in the driving mode in which the engine efficiency is reduced, it is possible to perform the operation with high energy efficiency.
  • both high running performance and high fuel efficiency can be obtained. In particular, even at the start, at the speed [], and when climbing a hill, it is possible to obtain the same running performance as a gasoline engine vehicle.
  • the present invention has a great advantage in the application of the present invention when the engine is fueled by liquid hydrocarbon gas.
  • liquefied petroleum gas (P G) and liquefied natural gas (LNG: Liquefied Natural Gas) are collectively referred to as “liquefied hydrocarbon gas (L H G)”.
  • LHG engines liquefied hydrocarbon gas as fuel
  • Fuel costs are significantly lower than those of gasoline-powered vehicles, and the emission of carbon dioxide is more advantageous than gasoline-powered vehicles.
  • the LHG engine produces less horsepower and torque than a gasoline engine.
  • the efficiency of the LHG engine is greatly reduced when raising the driver (starting, climbing a hill, accelerating, etc.), and may fall below 10%. Therefore, when large horsepower and large torque are required, especially when starting or climbing a hill, the power [] speed performance will be further inferior. In addition, energy efficiency is greatly reduced by such ⁇ .
  • a generator and an electric motor are added to a car driven by driving a ⁇ 16 engine, and the electric motor is rotated using the electricity obtained by the generator as an energy source, and this driving force is used. If a car is driven by a vehicle, it can achieve higher driving performance than when using an LHG engine alone as the driving source, and achieve the same driving performance as a gasoline engine car. Can be.
  • a gas containing at least one of methane, ethane, propane and butane as a main component is preferable.
  • Engine using these liquefied gas fuel, HC, CO, C 0 2 J NO x, graphite, emissions, such as suspended particulate matter (SPM) is less than that of the gasoline engines, environmentally favorable preferable.
  • these gases can be easily liquefied at room temperature under pressure to increase the load capacity.
  • the driving force of the engine and the driving force of the electric motor can be used independently or in combination to drive the vehicle.
  • the series hybrid system is a system in which the engine only generates electricity, the generated electricity is stored in a storage means, and the electric motor is driven by the electric power to travel. In the series method, only the electric motor turns the wheels, and the engine does not turn the wheels.
  • the parallel hybrid system is a system in which two power sources, an engine and an electric motor, each drive wheels directly to run.
  • electric motors are generally used. —They are also generators.
  • An example of the use of this method is that the vehicle travels mainly with the driving force of the engine, and in some cases, the driving force of the engine is used as the charging power of the power storage means.
  • the electric motor is activated all the time when starting or accelerating when low engine efficiency is required and high output is required, and assists the driving force for driving. Also, when braking or downhill, an electric motor can be used as a generator and the generated power can be stored in the storage means.
  • the parallel hybrid system includes a system in which one power source drives the front wheels and the other power source drives the rear wheels, and a system in which both power sources drive the same wheel.
  • the split hybrid system has both a series hybrid system and a parallel hybrid system, and uses both systems. In general, it has an independent generator in addition to an electric motor that also functions as a generator.
  • the vehicle normally runs on an electric motor at low speeds when the driving load of the engine is large. When the speed exceeds a certain level, the engine starts to rotate. For example, when starting, accelerating, or climbing, the vehicle is driven by an electric motor in a driving mode with low engine energy efficiency to reduce fuel consumption of the engine. The same applies when retreating.
  • the driving force of the engine is divided into two systems via a power split mechanism, one of which drives the wheels, and the other which drives the generator.
  • the electric power is used to drive the wheels by rotating the electric motor, controlling the distribution of the driving force between the engine and the electric motor, and running most efficiently.
  • the vehicle when the vehicle is driven only by the electric motor, the vehicle runs in a series system.
  • the engine and the electric motor are used together, the vehicle runs in a parallel system.
  • the rotation of the wheels is driven by the electric motor as a generator. By doing so, regenerative power is generated, and the electric energy is stored in power storage means. By automatically stopping the engine when the vehicle stops, energy efficiency can be improved.
  • the hybrid electric vehicle includes an engine, a generator, a power storage means for storing the power generated by the generator, an electric motor rotated by the power generated by the generator or the power discharged from the power storage means, A wheel driven by at least one or both of a driving force of the self-engine and a driving force of the electric motor, and further comprising a fuel cell, wherein the self-charging means fills the electric power generated by the generator.
  • the electric motor stores electricity generated by the fuel cell, and the electric motor is rotated by electricity generated by the generator, electricity discharged from the power storage means, or electricity generated by the fuel cell.
  • Engine fuels include gasoline, light oil, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), and hydrogen gas.
  • the liquefied hydrocarbon gas LHG contains at least one of methane, ethane, propane and butane.
  • engine to the 'Yorui ⁇ gas as fuel, HC, CO, C 0 2 , NO x, graphite, emissions, such as suspended particulate matter (SPM) is no less than gasoline engines, hydrogen It is environmentally preferable together with the fuel cell used. In addition, these gases can be easily liquefied at room temperature under pressure and the load capacity can be increased.
  • the fuel for the engine can be used for the fuel cell and the fuel tank can be shared. As a result, the engine can be driven more cleanly while reducing the number of fuel tanks, and the vehicle can be started immediately, which is more preferable in terms of clean exhaust.
  • hydrogen gas When hydrogen gas is used as the fuel for the engine, it is preferably applied to vehicles that mainly run in areas where hydrogen fuel can be sufficiently supplied, such as in urban areas.
  • hydrogen gas is used for the engine fuel and hydrogen gas is used for the fuel cell fuel, it is possible to provide not only a common fuel tank, but also a more environmentally friendly and lightweight hybrid vehicle.
  • Examples of the type of the fuel cell include a polymer electrolyte type (PEFC), a solid electrolyte type (SOFC), and a phosphoric acid type (KPFC).
  • the operating temperature of the solid polymer type is from room temperature to 100 ° C.
  • the operating temperature of the solid electrolyte type is about 100 ° C.
  • the operating temperature of the phosphoric acid type is about 200 ° C.
  • the hydrogen gas can be supplied by directly supplying hydrogen gas or gasoline, methanol, natural gas, or liquefied petroleum gas using a reformer. There is a method of obtaining hydrogen from such as.
  • Fuel cells supply hydrogen gas directly, rather than hydrogen gas from the reformer.However, the only effluent is water, which has a low environmental impact and does not require a heavy reformer. There is an advantage.
  • a battery As the power storage means of the hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention, a battery, a capacitor, a SMES (superconducting magnetic energy storage device), or a combination thereof can be used.
  • a SMES superconducting magnetic energy storage device
  • the power stored in the power storage means can be used for a heater / reformer used for a fuel cell or for other electric devices of an automobile.
  • the hybrid electric vehicle of this invention can drive an engine, drive a wheel directly by the driving force of this engine, drive a vehicle, or generate a generator.
  • this hybrid electric vehicle is a hybrid electric vehicle in which an electric motor is driven by an engine or a generator is activated, and a point that the vehicle can be driven by driving wheels through the electric motor. Is similar.
  • the fuel cell can generate electricity, and the electricity can be used to drive an electric motor to drive wheels to drive a car.
  • the vehicle is driven by the driving force of the engine or the electric motor rotated by the electricity generated by the generator. be able to. For example, when a car is stopped for a long time, the fuel cell is stopped and it is getting cold. When the vehicle is started when the fuel cell is cold, the vehicle must first be driven by an electric motor that is rotated by the driving force of the engine and the electricity generated by the generator. After the battery startup is completed, the car can be driven by rotating the electric motor every day with the electricity generated by the fuel cell
  • the vehicle can be started immediately compared to an electric vehicle driven only by a fuel cell. After the fuel cell is started, the engine can be stopped and the car can be run with the power generated by the clean and highly efficient fuel cell.
  • the generator when the vehicle is driven by the driving force of the engine, the generator can be driven by the driving force of the engine to obtain electric power.
  • Such a driving method is the above-described parallel hybrid method.
  • the start-up condition of the fuel cell can be adjusted using the electric power obtained in this manner. For example, electricity generated by a generator is passed through a heater of a fuel cell to raise the temperature. In a fuel cell requiring a reformer, electricity generated by a generator is used to operate the reformer.
  • the driving force of the engine and the driving force of the electric motor can be used alone or in combination to drive the vehicle.
  • Engine driving force and electric motor As mentioned earlier, the driving force combination method includes the series hybrid method and the parallel hybrid method.
  • the electricity generated by the fuel cell is used to drive the electric motor as it is after the electricity is generated or after the electric storage means is charged, and the vehicle is driven.
  • the engine only generates power, and the generated power is used as it is after power generation or after being stored in power storage means, and then used to drive the electric motor to drive the vehicle.
  • the electric motor turns the wheels, and the wheels are not turned directly by the driving force of the engine.
  • a generator is generated by the horsepower of the engine, and the generated motor drives the electric motor to drive the car. A part of the generated electricity is also used for fuel cell startup.
  • the electric motor can be operated as a generator, and the regenerative electric power can be stored in the storage means.
  • the wheels are driven directly by two power sources, an engine and an electric motor.
  • Examples of the use by this method include running with the driving force of an engine or running with a motor driven by electricity generated by a generator or a fuel cell.
  • the electric power generated by driving the generator by the engine or the electric power generated by the fuel cell is charged to the electric storage means as the case may be.
  • the wheels when starting or accelerating, the wheels are driven directly by the engine's driving force, while the generator is driven by the engine's driving force and the electric motor is operated to assist the driving force for traveling. Can be. Then start up the fuel cell when starting.
  • the electric motor can be operated as a generator, and the regenerative electric power can be stored in the storage means.
  • the wheels When starting or accelerating, the wheels can be directly driven by the engine's driving force, and the generator can be driven by the engine's driving force to generate power and store it in the storage means.
  • the electricity charged in the storage means is used for starting up the fuel cell.
  • the hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention by using a fuel cell and an engine together, it is possible to immediately start the vehicle and to obtain both environment-friendly, high driving performance and high fuel efficiency. Can be. In particular, when starting, accelerating, and climbing a hill, it is possible to obtain much better driving performance than a fuel cell electric vehicle. Also, it is possible to obtain from the engine the electrical energy required when starting up from stoppage, which was a major drawback of fuel cells, and it is particularly effective for starting in cold regions. ⁇ Brief description of drawings>
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a drive mechanism of a series hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a drive mechanism of the parallel hybrid type electric vehicle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the driving mode and the energy efficiency.
  • Figure 4 is a graph showing energy efficiency when climbing a hill.
  • Figure 5 is a graph showing energy efficiency during acceleration.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a drive mechanism of a split-hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a driving mechanism of an electric vehicle equipped with a series hybrid fuel cell according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a driving mechanism of an electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell of a parallel hybrid system according to the present invention. ⁇ Best mode for carrying out the invention>
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a drive mechanism of a series hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention.
  • the electric vehicle according to the present invention includes an engine 1, a generator 2, a converter 3, an inverter 4, an electric motor 5, a terry 6, and tires 7.
  • 8 is a switch for supplying the generated electricity to the battery 6 side.
  • the LPG engine 1 is an engine driven by LPG fuel such as propane gas.
  • LPG fuel such as propane gas.
  • Types of engines include reciprocating engines and rotary engines.
  • the operation of the engine 1 causes the generator 2 to rotate.
  • the generator 2 is rotated by the driving force of the LPG engine 1 to generate power.
  • an alternator is often used as a generator for an electric vehicle, and the alternator is also used in this example.
  • the electricity generated by the generator 2 is converted to DC by the converter 13, further converted to AC of an appropriate frequency via the inverter 4, and supplied to the electric motor 5.
  • Various electric motors can be used for the electric motor 15, but an AC synchronous electric motor is used here.
  • the generated power is also used to charge the battery 6 as needed.
  • Battery 6 a lead battery, a nickel-aluminum-doped battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a nickel-iron battery, a nickel-zinc battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, a lithium battery, and the like can be used.
  • Whether the generated electricity is also supplied to the battery 6 may be determined by turning on and off a switch 8 provided between the converter 3 and the battery 6. Alternatively, electrical switching may be performed by inverter control.
  • the LPG engine 1 is used exclusively for driving the generator 2, and the driving force of the LPG engine 1 is not directly used for rotating the tire 7.
  • the LPG engine 1 since the LPG engine 1 is separated from the driving of the tire 7, the LPG engine 1 can always concentrate on the power generation while operating under the condition of the highest efficiency, so that the energy efficiency can be improved.
  • the vehicle is driven by a motor 5 that is driven by electricity generated by the generator 2 or by electricity discharged from the battery 6, so when the LPG engine 1 is not good at starting, accelerating, climbing uphill Even at times, excellent running performance can be demonstrated.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a drive mechanism of the parallel hybrid type electric vehicle of the present invention.
  • the electric vehicle includes a PG engine 1, an electric motor (also serving as a generator) 5, a converter 3, an inverter 4, a battery 6, and tires 7.
  • PG engine 1 an electric motor (also serving as a generator) 5
  • converter 3 an inverter 4
  • battery 6 a battery 6
  • tires 7 The description of the components common to the series system shown in FIG. 1 is omitted, and the differences will be mainly described below.
  • the driving force of the LPG engine 1 and the driving force of the electric motor 5 are used for driving the tire 7.
  • LPG engine 1 can transmit its driving force to electric motor 5 and tire 7 via a transmission (not shown), and electric motor 5 transmits the driving force to tire 7 It is configured to be able to By this method, (1) the tire 7 is rotated only by the driving force of the engine 1, (2) the tire 7 is rotated only by the driving force of the electric motor 5, (3) both the engine 1 and the electric motor 5
  • a driving method such as rotating the tire 7 with driving force can be selected.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between driving modes A to D and energy efficiency.
  • the electric motor 15 travels mainly because the efficiency of the LPG engine 1 is low.
  • the electric motor 5 stops driving and the vehicle runs with the driving force of the LPG engine 1.
  • a part of the driving force of the engine 1 rotates the electric motor 5 as a generator and stores the generated power in the battery 6.
  • the rotation of the tire 7 operates the electric motor 5 as a generator, and the regenerative power can be stored in the battery 6.
  • Fig. 4 is a graph showing the energy efficiency when climbing a hill from high-speed running on flat ground.
  • the driving power of the electric motor 15 is also used to increase the horsepower and torque. And a high efficiency state can be maintained.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing energy efficiency when accelerating in a flat ground high-speed driving state.
  • stop A it is preferable to stop the LPG engine and to omit the idling of the engine to enhance energy efficiency.
  • both the driving force of the LPG engine and the driving force of the electric motor 5 can be directly used for the rotation of the tire 7, so that high-speed running performance can be obtained.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a drive mechanism of an electric vehicle of the lux split hybrid type according to the present invention.
  • the electric vehicle has an LPG engine 1, a power split device 9, a generator 2, a converter 3, an inverter 4, an electric motor (combined with a generator) 5, a notebook 6, and tires 7.
  • This torque split hybrid system has a power split mechanism 9 that distributes the driving force of the LPG engine 1 to the tires and the generator, and has a generator 2 independent of the electric motor 5 This is different from the parallel hybrid method.
  • the driving force of the LPG engine 1 is divided using, for example, a first clutch that transmits the driving force of the engine 1 to the generator 2 and a second clutch that transmits the driving force of the LPG engine 1 to the tire 7 .
  • a series hybrid system and a parallel hybrid system are selectively used.
  • series hybrid system When the series hybrid system is used, it is called “series mode”, and when the parallel hybrid system is used, it is called “parallel mode”.
  • the first clutch is set to ON and the second clutch is set to OFF, and the LPG engine 1 is dedicated to driving the generator.
  • the generated power is used to charge the battery 6 through the converter 13 and drive the electric motor 15.
  • both the first clutch and the second clutch are set to 0 N. Since the second clutch is at ⁇ N, the driving force of LPG engine 1 is transmitted to tire 7. Further, the electric motor 15 is driven by electricity from the generator 2 or electricity from the battery 6, and the tire 7 is rotated by the driving force.
  • both the first clutch and the second clutch are set to ⁇ N, but the rotation of the electric motor 15 stops.
  • the vehicle is driven only by the driving force of the LPG engine 1.
  • FCEV fuel cell electric vehicle
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the drive mechanism of a series hybrid electric vehicle.
  • This electric vehicle has an engine 1 as an engine, a power generator 2 and a converter. 3, an inverter 4, an electric motor 5, a battery 6, a tire 7, a fuel cell (FC) 11, and a DCZ DC converter 10.
  • Examples of the type of engine include a reciprocating engine and an all-in-one engine. Any fuel such as gasoline, light oil, LPG, etc. can be used as the fuel for the engine.
  • the fuel for the engine may use the same hydrogen gas as the fuel cell 11.
  • the same fuel tank can be used by using the same hydrogen gas for both the engine and the fuel cell 11.
  • the generator 2 is rotated by the driving force of the engine 1 to generate power.
  • an alternator is often used as a generator for an electric vehicle, and the alternator is also used in this example.
  • the electricity generated by the generator 2 is converted to DC by the converter 11, further converted to AC of an appropriate frequency via the inverter 4, and supplied to the electric motor 5.
  • Electric motors can be used as the electric motor 15, but an AC synchronous electric motor is used here.
  • the generated power is also used to charge the battery 6 through the switch 8 if necessary.
  • a lead battery a nickel-iron cadmium battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a nickel-iron battery, a nickel-zinc battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, a lithium battery, and the like can be used.
  • the fuel cell 11 uses hydrogen as fuel, and the DC power generated by the fuel cell 11 can be used as it is or, if necessary, converted to the required voltage DC by the DC / DC converter 110 and used.
  • Can be The electric power generated by the fuel cell or the electric power converted into the DC / DC converter 10 is converted into an AC having an appropriate frequency via the inverter 4, similarly to the electric power generated by the generator 2. It is converted and supplied to the electric motor 5.
  • the electricity converted into direct current of a required voltage directly from the fuel cell 11 or by the DC / DC converter 10 can be stored in the terry 6.
  • the DC electricity stored in the battery 6 is also converted into an AC having an appropriate frequency via the inverter 4 and supplied to the electric motor 5. Whether or not the generated electricity is also supplied to the battery 6 side is determined by turning on and off a switch 8 provided between the converter 3 or the DC / DC converter 10 and the battery 6 (otherwise, Switching may be performed electrically by inverter control.
  • the driving force of the electric motor 5 is transmitted to the axle of the tire 7 to drive the vehicle.
  • the engine 1 is used exclusively for driving the generator 2, and the driving force of the engine 1 is not directly used for rotating the tire 7.
  • the engine 1 is separated from the driving of the tire 7, and can concentrate on power generation while operating at the highest efficiency, thereby improving energy efficiency.
  • the running of the vehicle is performed by the driving force of the electric motor 5 rotated by the electricity generated by the generator 2, the electricity generated by the fuel cell 11, or the discharge electricity from the battery 6.
  • the electric motor 5 is driven by the electricity generated by the generator 2 to drive the vehicle.
  • the fuel cell 11 is started up, the engine 1 is stopped, and the electric motor 15 is driven by the electricity generated by the fuel cell 11, so that the vehicle can run.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a drive mechanism of an electric vehicle of the parallel hybrid system according to the present invention.
  • the vehicle according to the present invention includes an engine 1, an electric motor (cum-generator) 5, a compressor 3, an inverter 4, an inverter 6, a tire 7, a fuel cell (FC) 11 and a DC / DC converter.
  • DC converter 10 is provided. The description of the components common to the series system shown in FIG. 7 is omitted, and the following mainly describes the differences.
  • each of the driving force of the engine 1 and the driving force of the electric motor 5 is used for driving the tire 7.
  • the engine 1 transmits its driving force directly to the tires 7 via a transmission (not shown), and also drives an electric motor 5 through a generator 2 so that the electric motor 5 Also transmits the driving force of It is configured to be able to.
  • the engine 1 drives (1) the tire 7 rotates only with the driving force of the engine 1, and (2) the tire 7 rotates only with the driving force of the electric motor 5. And (3) the tire 7 is rotated by both the driving force of the engine 1 and the electric motor 5.
  • the electric motor 5 can be driven by the electricity generated by the fuel cell 11.
  • the generator 2 is driven by the horsepower of the engine 1 and the electric motor 5 is driven by the electric power at this time to travel. .
  • the electric motor 15 stops driving and the vehicle runs with the driving force of the engine 1. At this time, it is preferable to drive the generator with a part of the driving force of the engine 1 and store the generated power in the battery 6.
  • the vehicle accelerates from a state in which the vehicle is traveling on flat ground at high speed using the electricity generated by the fuel cell 11. By traveling with the driving force of the engine 1, an excellent acceleration force can be obtained.
  • both the driving force of the engine 1 and the driving force of the electric motor 15 can be directly used for the rotation of the tire 7, so that high-speed running performance can be obtained.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une voiture électrique hybride comprenant, en tant que source d'entraînement, un moteur (1) utilisant un gaz de pétrole liquéfié, un moteur électrique (5), un générateur (2) et une batterie (6) stockant un courant électrique généré par le générateur, le moteur électrique (5) pivotant grâce à un courant électrique généré par le générateur (2) ou évacué de la batterie (6). Des roues (pneus (7)) sont actionnés par au moins une puissance de commande de moteur et une puissance de commande de moteur électrique (5) afin de faire fonctionner la voiture. Cette voiture fournit une performance de fonctionnement élevée même si un cheval-vapeur élevé ou un couple élevée est nécessaire
PCT/JP2003/014096 2002-11-06 2003-11-05 Voiture electrique hybride WO2004041574A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002-323115 2002-11-06
JP2002323115A JP2004156536A (ja) 2002-11-06 2002-11-06 液化炭化水素ガスハイブリッド電気自動車
JP2002-345185 2002-11-28
JP2002345185 2002-11-28
JP2003-30761 2003-02-07
JP2003030761A JP2004229480A (ja) 2002-11-28 2003-02-07 ハイブリッド電気自動車

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004041574A1 true WO2004041574A1 (fr) 2004-05-21

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2003/014096 WO2004041574A1 (fr) 2002-11-06 2003-11-05 Voiture electrique hybride

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WO (1) WO2004041574A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107918305A (zh) * 2017-12-07 2018-04-17 中国科学院紫金山天文台 一种南极天文保障平台发电机组带时间限制的控制方法
DE102018103246A1 (de) 2018-02-14 2019-08-14 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Kraftfahrzeugantriebssystem und Kraftfahrzeug

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05112145A (ja) * 1991-10-21 1993-05-07 Tomihiko Okayama 電気自動車
JPH0723504A (ja) * 1993-06-30 1995-01-24 Aqueous Res:Kk ハイブリット車の電源回路
JPH07163013A (ja) * 1993-11-30 1995-06-23 Toshiba Corp 自動車の電気制御装置
US5988307A (en) * 1995-05-19 1999-11-23 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Power transmission apparatus, four-wheel drive vehicle with power transmission apparatus incorporated therein, method of transmitting power, and method of four-wheel driving
JP2000303836A (ja) * 1999-02-18 2000-10-31 Toyota Motor Corp 燃料電池と内燃機関のハイブリッドシステムおよびこれを備える自動車

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05112145A (ja) * 1991-10-21 1993-05-07 Tomihiko Okayama 電気自動車
JPH0723504A (ja) * 1993-06-30 1995-01-24 Aqueous Res:Kk ハイブリット車の電源回路
JPH07163013A (ja) * 1993-11-30 1995-06-23 Toshiba Corp 自動車の電気制御装置
US5988307A (en) * 1995-05-19 1999-11-23 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Power transmission apparatus, four-wheel drive vehicle with power transmission apparatus incorporated therein, method of transmitting power, and method of four-wheel driving
JP2000303836A (ja) * 1999-02-18 2000-10-31 Toyota Motor Corp 燃料電池と内燃機関のハイブリッドシステムおよびこれを備える自動車

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107918305A (zh) * 2017-12-07 2018-04-17 中国科学院紫金山天文台 一种南极天文保障平台发电机组带时间限制的控制方法
DE102018103246A1 (de) 2018-02-14 2019-08-14 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Kraftfahrzeugantriebssystem und Kraftfahrzeug

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