WO2004031646A1 - Device and method for preheating a gas in a gas-pressure regulation and measuring installation using a fuel cell - Google Patents

Device and method for preheating a gas in a gas-pressure regulation and measuring installation using a fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004031646A1
WO2004031646A1 PCT/DE2003/003249 DE0303249W WO2004031646A1 WO 2004031646 A1 WO2004031646 A1 WO 2004031646A1 DE 0303249 W DE0303249 W DE 0303249W WO 2004031646 A1 WO2004031646 A1 WO 2004031646A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
fuel cell
heat exchanger
designed
heat
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PCT/DE2003/003249
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Knut Brass
Klaus Kimmerle
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Stadtwerke Homburg Gmbh
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Publication date
Application filed by Stadtwerke Homburg Gmbh filed Critical Stadtwerke Homburg Gmbh
Priority to EP03769227A priority Critical patent/EP1570204B1/en
Priority to DE50310722T priority patent/DE50310722D1/en
Priority to AU2003277817A priority patent/AU2003277817A1/en
Priority to DK03769227T priority patent/DK1570204T3/en
Priority to DE10393901T priority patent/DE10393901D2/en
Publication of WO2004031646A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004031646A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
    • F17D1/04—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours for distribution of gas
    • F17D1/05—Preventing freezing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for preheating a gas before its expansion in a gas pressure control and measuring system with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating such a device with the features of the preamble of claim 13.
  • Natural gas for the public gas supply is conducted under high pressure between approx. 40 and 80 bar over long distances to regional or municipal distribution networks. Under high pressure, gas is also temporarily stored in storage facilities in regional or municipal distribution networks. Before it reaches the end user, the gas in the gas pressure control and measuring system must be reduced to the lower supply pressure of approx. 20 - 50 bar in the regional or municipal distribution networks, to 3 - 12 bar in the main distribution rails and to 20 - 1000 mbar to the end user be relaxed. This relaxation leads to the Joule-Thomson effect, namely to the cooling of the gas.
  • temperatures occur in the gas pressure regulating and measuring systems, at which it can be expected that either the gas hydrates contained in the gas will freeze inside the components of the gas pressure regulating and measuring system or that system parts, apparatus or devices will freeze due to condensates on the outside, malfunctions or failures of system parts or the entire gas pressure control and measuring system are to be expected.
  • To impermissible hypothermia To avoid the gas at high pressure differences, it is known to warm the gas before the expansion. Inadmissible temperatures can occur particularly when there are faults in the heat supply to the heat exchangers.
  • WO 94/11626 discloses a method and a device for expanding gas under high pressure in a line, in which a turbogenerator is used as the pressure reducing device, which is preceded by a heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger is supplied with heat by at least one combined heat and power unit (CHP), which contains a gas combustion engine and a generator.
  • the CHP is operated with the gas after the turbogenerator.
  • the heat exchanger preheats the gas before it is fed to the turbogenerator for expansion. Both the CHP and the turbogenerator ' generate electrical energy that is fed into a power grid.
  • CHP combined heat and power unit
  • the gas preheater is supplied with thermal energy using conventional heating systems, i. H. with fuel gas fired boilers, as they are also used - depending on the performance requirement - in industrial, commercial or private areas.
  • WO 94/11626 gives no information for the supply of gas pressure regulating and measuring systems with electrical energy.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a device and a method for preheating a gas before its expansion in a gas pressure control and measuring system, with which the energy supply to the system is improved, and a method for operating such a device.
  • the solution is achieved with a device for preheating a gas before its expansion in a gas pressure control and measuring system with the features of claim 1 and a method for operating such a device with the features of claim 13.
  • a device for heating a gas which is under high pressure in a line to a gas pressure control and measuring system is provided with a heat exchanger, a subsequent pressure reducing device to a further line and a heating device for the heat exchanger operated by the gas from the line.
  • the heating device is designed as a gas-powered fuel cell, which additionally provided to the thermal energy electrical energy is adapted particularly advantageous to the needs of 'gas pressure regulating and •' measuring equipment and makes it particularly independently of other electric supply means.
  • the device according to the invention advantageously saves primary energy compared to conventional heating systems without electricity generation. This leads to a reduction in the emission of C0 2 .
  • the pipe-bound heat transfer pipe network consists of pipes, fittings, fittings and other components that are also used in conventional heating technology.
  • Other thermal components include regulation and control devices and self-protection safeguards. Any excess thermal energy can be used elsewhere and fed into a district heating system, for example.
  • the fuel cell is designed so / that it so that at least the requirement of the gas pressure regulating and measuring plant is fully covered in thermal energy at least completely supplies the heat exchanger with heat.
  • the heat-side device downstream of the fuel cell supplies the heat circuit of the gas preheater exactly with the heat that is necessary to compensate for the reduction in the relaxation temperature, via a primary heat exchanger, which can also be designed as a heat pipe heat exchanger.
  • a primary heat exchanger which can also be designed as a heat pipe heat exchanger.
  • the fuel cell is designed so that the electrical energy generated by it for self-supply, for Operation of the gas pressure control and measuring system can be used and fed into a public electricity network, in particular.
  • Different amounts of questions from the fuel cell available electrical energy based on the fact that the fuel cell in heat-controlled operation .lauft '.
  • the thermal energy provided by the fuel cell varies with the gas throughput through the gas pressure control and measuring system.
  • the electrical energy provided by the fuel cell correlates with the thermal energy emitted by the fuel cell.
  • the electricity requirements of the fuel cell and the gas pressure control and measuring system are mostly almost constant. Electrical energy obtained from the fuel cell is initially used according to the invention in order to satisfy the fuel cell's need for electrical energy.
  • the fuel cell which generates a large or larger amount of electrical energy compared to thermal energy, can cover the electricity requirement of a gas pressure regulating and measuring system in addition to the heat requirement and offer excess electrical energy to the market.
  • the electrical components provided for this purpose are, for example, direct current circuits, fuses and switches, inverters with fuses, alternating current circuits with transformer and mains connection.
  • the current-side device after the fuel cell feeds a direct current circuit which is connected to direct current consumers and the inverter.
  • the inverter which can also be bidirectional, is used to connect to the necessary transformer and to the grid connection.
  • Heat-controlled operation means that, due to the pressure conditions, an expected temperature decrease is derived over time due to the gas expansion.
  • the fuel cell is controllable according to the predicted course of the. Lowering the temperature to provide the amount of heat and compensating for the lowering of the temperature if possible. If the temperature drop occurs so quickly due to the pressure conditions that exact compensation is not possible due to the thermal inertia, the aim of the control is to bring the temperature back to the old level as quickly as possible.
  • the heat exchanger is designed as a heat pipe for particularly efficient heat transfer.
  • gas for operating the fuel cell can be removed from the line before the odorization.
  • the fuel-side device in front of the fuel cell either removes the gas before the odorization on the high-pressure or low-pressure side of the line. This considerably simplifies the gas cleaning step upstream of the fuel cell. If the fuel was removed after the odorization, a more complex gas treatment would be necessary.
  • the gas for operating the fuel cell can be removed either before or after the pressure reducing device.
  • a direct current and an alternating current network are simultaneously provided in the gas pressure control and measuring system.
  • the fuel cell is designed as a low, medium or high temperature fuel cell.
  • a method for operating the device according to the invention is provided.
  • a device of the prior art has a heat exchanger 2 for heating a gas 1 which is under high pressure in a line of a gas pressure control and measuring system, to which a pressure reducing device 3 connects to a further line 4.
  • the gas is emitted Security reasons odoriert after the pressure reducing device 3 in the continuing line to 4.
  • the heater 5 does not generate electrical energy.
  • FIG. 2 Corresponding features are designated by the reference symbols from FIG. 1.
  • a device has a heat exchanger 2 for heating a gas 1 which is under high pressure in a line of a gas pressure regulating and measuring system, to which a pressure reducing device 3 connects to a further line 4.
  • the gas is in the further line after the pressure reducing device 3 odorized to 4.
  • a secondary line 7 branches off, which feeds gas from the further line 4 into a heating device 5, designed as a gas-driven fuel cell 5, for the heat exchanger 2.
  • the fuel cell 5 : ' generates electrical energy and optionally emits electrical energy into a power grid 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for preheating a gas, prior to its expansion in a gas-pressure regulation and measuring installation for a gas supply. A gas-driven fuel cell replaces the conventional heating method for the gas-pressure regulation and measuring installation. Said fuel cell covers completely at least the thermal requirements of the gas-pressure regulation and measuring installation.

Description

VORRICHTUNG UND VERFAHREN ZUR VORWÄRMUNG EINES GASES IN EINER GASDRUCKREGEL- UND MESSANLAGE, ANHAND EIN BRENNSTOFFZELL DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PREHEATING A GAS IN A GAS PRESSURE CONTROL AND MEASURING SYSTEM, USING A FUEL CELL
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Vorwärmung eines Gases vor dessen Expansion in einer Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 und ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer derartigen Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 13.The invention relates to a device for preheating a gas before its expansion in a gas pressure control and measuring system with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating such a device with the features of the preamble of claim 13.
Erdgas für die öffentliche Gasversorgung wird unter hohem Druck zwischen ca. 40 und 80 bar über große Entfernungen zu regionalen oder kommunalen Verteilungsnetzen geleitet.. Unter hohem Druck wird Gas auch in Speichern regionaler oder kommunaler Verteilungsnetze zwischengelagert. Bevor es zum Endabnehmer gelangt, muss das Gas in Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage auf den niedrigeren Versorgungsdruck von ca. 20 - 50 bar in den regionalen oder kommunalen Verteilungsnetzen, auf 3 - 12 bar in Hauptverteilungsschienen und auf 20 - 1000 mbar bis zum Endverbraucher reduziert oder entspannt werden. Diese Entspannung führt zum Joule-Thomson-Effekt, nämlich zur Abkühlung des Gases. Treten dabei in den Gasdruckregel- und Messanlagen Temperaturen auf, bei denen damit zu rechnen ist, dass entweder die im Gas enthaltenen Gashydrate im Innern der Bauteile der Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage gefrieren oder dass Anlagenteile, Apparate oder Geräte durch Kondensate an dar äußeren Seite einfrieren, ist mit Störungen oder Ausfällen von Anlagenteilen oder der gesamten Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage zu rechnen. Um eine unzulässige Unterkühlung des Gases bei hohen Druckdifferenzen zu vermeiden, ist es bekannt, das Gas vor der Entspannung zu erwärmen. Unzulässige Temperaturen können besonders dann auftreten, wenn Störungen in der Wärmeversorgung der Wärmetauscher auftreten.Natural gas for the public gas supply is conducted under high pressure between approx. 40 and 80 bar over long distances to regional or municipal distribution networks. Under high pressure, gas is also temporarily stored in storage facilities in regional or municipal distribution networks. Before it reaches the end user, the gas in the gas pressure control and measuring system must be reduced to the lower supply pressure of approx. 20 - 50 bar in the regional or municipal distribution networks, to 3 - 12 bar in the main distribution rails and to 20 - 1000 mbar to the end user be relaxed. This relaxation leads to the Joule-Thomson effect, namely to the cooling of the gas. If temperatures occur in the gas pressure regulating and measuring systems, at which it can be expected that either the gas hydrates contained in the gas will freeze inside the components of the gas pressure regulating and measuring system or that system parts, apparatus or devices will freeze due to condensates on the outside, malfunctions or failures of system parts or the entire gas pressure control and measuring system are to be expected. To impermissible hypothermia To avoid the gas at high pressure differences, it is known to warm the gas before the expansion. Inadmissible temperatures can occur particularly when there are faults in the heat supply to the heat exchangers.
Aus der WO 94/11626 ist ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung bekannt zum Expandieren von in einer Leitung unter hohem Druck stehenden Gas, bei dem als Druckreduziervorrichtung ein Turbogenerator benutzt wird, dem ein Wärmetauscher vorgeschaltet ist. Die Wärmeversorgung des Wärmetauschers erfolgt durch mindestens ein Blockheizkraftwerk (BHKW) , das einen Gas-Verbrennungsmotor und einen Generator enthält. Das BHKW wird mit dem Gas nach dem Turbogenerator betrieben. Der Wärmetauscher wärmt das Gas vor, bevor es dem Turbogenerator zur Expansion zugeführt wird. Sowohl das BHKW als auch der Turbogenerator ' erzeugen elektrische Energie, die einem Stromnetz zugeführt wird.WO 94/11626 discloses a method and a device for expanding gas under high pressure in a line, in which a turbogenerator is used as the pressure reducing device, which is preceded by a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is supplied with heat by at least one combined heat and power unit (CHP), which contains a gas combustion engine and a generator. The CHP is operated with the gas after the turbogenerator. The heat exchanger preheats the gas before it is fed to the turbogenerator for expansion. Both the CHP and the turbogenerator ' generate electrical energy that is fed into a power grid.
Die Versorgung des Gasvorwärmers mit thermischer Energie erfolgt dabei mit konventionellen Heizungsanlagen, d. h. mit brenngasbefeuerten Kesseln, wie sie auch - je nach Leistungsanforderung - im industriellen, gewerblichen oder privaten Bereich Verwendung finden. Die WO 94/11626 gibt keinen Hinweis für die Versorgung von Gasdruckregel- und Messanlagen mit elektrischer Energie.The gas preheater is supplied with thermal energy using conventional heating systems, i. H. with fuel gas fired boilers, as they are also used - depending on the performance requirement - in industrial, commercial or private areas. WO 94/11626 gives no information for the supply of gas pressure regulating and measuring systems with electrical energy.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Vorwärmung eines Gases vor dessen Expansion in einer Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage vorzuschlagen, mit der die Energieversorgung der Anlage verbessert wird und ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer derartigen Vorrichtung. Die Lösung erfolgt mit einer Vorrichtung zur Vorwärmung eines Gases vor dessen Expansion in einer Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und einem Verfahren zum Betrieb einer derartigen Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 13.The object of the present invention is to propose a device and a method for preheating a gas before its expansion in a gas pressure control and measuring system, with which the energy supply to the system is improved, and a method for operating such a device. The solution is achieved with a device for preheating a gas before its expansion in a gas pressure control and measuring system with the features of claim 1 and a method for operating such a device with the features of claim 13.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist eine Vorrichtung zur Erwärmung eines in einer Leitung zu einer Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage unter hohem Druck stehenden Gas mit einem Wärmetauscher, einer anschließenden Druckreduziervorrichtung zu einer weiterführenden Leitung und einer vom Gas aus der Leitung betriebenen Heizvorrichtung für den Wärmetauscher versehen. Die Heizvorrichtung ist als gasbetriebene Brennstoffzelle ausgebildet, deren zusätzlich zur thermischen Energie bereitgestellte elektrische Energie besonders vorteilhaft angepasst ist an den Bedarf von' Gasdruckregel- und • ' Messanlagen und macht diese insbesondere unabhängig von anderen elektrischen Versorgungseinrichtungen. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung lässt sich im Vergleich zu konventionellen Heizungsanlagen ohne Stromerzeugung vorteilhaft Primärenergie sparen. Dies führt zu einer Verringerung der Emission von C02. Ein solches Ergebnis ist besonders dann erreichbar, wenn bei wärmegeführtem, modulierendem Betrieb abwechselnd hohe und niedrige Gasmengen durch die Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage fließen, für die variable thermische Energiezufuhr benötigt wird, um das Gas, welches beim Expansionsvorgang eine Temperaturerniedrigung durch den sogenannten Joule-Thomson-Effekt, d. h. Temperaturerniedrigung bei Expansion, erfährt, auf höheres Temperaturniveau anzuheben, so dass die Gastemperatur hinter nach Möglichkeit der vor der Druckreduziervorrichtung entspricht. Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind geschlossene Rohrsysteme vorgesehen für die thermische Energiezufuhr von der Brennstoffzelle an den Wärmetauscher. Die Wärme der Brennstoffzelle wird über ein geschlossenes Rohrsystem einem Wärmekreislauf zugeführt, der einen Gasvorwärmer mit thermischer Energie versorgt. Das leitungsgebundene Wärmeträgerrohrnetz besteht aus Rohren, Armaturen, Formstücken und weiteren Komponenten, wie sie auch in der konventionellen Heiztechnik Verwendung finden. Weitere thermische Komponenten sind u. a. Regelungs- und Steuerungseinrichtungen und Eigenschutzsicherungen. Eventuell überschüssige thermische Energie kann anderweitig genutzt werden und beispielsweise in ein Fernwärmesystem eingespeist werden.According to the invention, a device for heating a gas which is under high pressure in a line to a gas pressure control and measuring system is provided with a heat exchanger, a subsequent pressure reducing device to a further line and a heating device for the heat exchanger operated by the gas from the line. The heating device is designed as a gas-powered fuel cell, which additionally provided to the thermal energy electrical energy is adapted particularly advantageous to the needs of 'gas pressure regulating and •' measuring equipment and makes it particularly independently of other electric supply means. The device according to the invention advantageously saves primary energy compared to conventional heating systems without electricity generation. This leads to a reduction in the emission of C0 2 . Such a result is particularly achievable if, in the case of heat-controlled, modulating operation, alternating high and low gas quantities flow through the gas pressure control and measuring system, for which variable thermal energy supply is required to reduce the gas, which during the expansion process causes a temperature decrease by the so-called Joule-Thomson -Effect, ie lowering the temperature during expansion, is raised to a higher temperature level, so that the gas temperature behind corresponds, if possible, to that in front of the pressure reducing device. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, closed pipe systems are provided for the thermal energy supply from the fuel cell to the heat exchanger. The heat of the fuel cell is fed to a heat cycle via a closed pipe system, which supplies a gas preheater with thermal energy. The pipe-bound heat transfer pipe network consists of pipes, fittings, fittings and other components that are also used in conventional heating technology. Other thermal components include regulation and control devices and self-protection safeguards. Any excess thermal energy can be used elsewhere and fed into a district heating system, for example.
Gemäß einer weiteren ' orteilhaften Ausgestaltung der- Erfindung ist die Brennstoffzelle so ausgelegt/ dass sie den Wärmetauscher mindestens vollständig mit Wärme versorgt, so dass mindestens der Bedarf der Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage an thermischer Energie vollständig gedeckt ist. Die wärmeseitige Vorrichtung nach der Brennstoffzelle versorgt über einen Primärwärmetauscher, welcher auch als Heat-Pipe- Wärmetauscher ausgeführt sein kann, den Wärmekreislauf des Gasvorwärmers exakt mit der Wärme, welche zum Ausgleich der Entspannungstemperaturerniedrigung nötig ist. Statt oder zusätzlich zum Heat-Pipe-Wärmetauscher ist auch eine Nachverstromung der Abwärme möglich, wozu sich Stirling- Motoren oder Dampfmotoren,- maschinen und- turbinen eignen.According to a further 'orteilhaften embodiment DER invention, the fuel cell is designed so / that it so that at least the requirement of the gas pressure regulating and measuring plant is fully covered in thermal energy at least completely supplies the heat exchanger with heat. The heat-side device downstream of the fuel cell supplies the heat circuit of the gas preheater exactly with the heat that is necessary to compensate for the reduction in the relaxation temperature, via a primary heat exchanger, which can also be designed as a heat pipe heat exchanger. Instead of or in addition to the heat pipe heat exchanger, it is also possible to convert the waste heat into electricity, for which Stirling engines or steam engines, machines and turbines are suitable.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Brennstoffzelle so ausgelegt, dass die von ihr erzeugte elektrische Energie zur Eigenversorgung, zum Betrieb der Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage nutzbar und in ein insbesondere öffentliches Stromnetz einspeisbar ist. Unterschiedliche Mengen der von der Brennstoffzelle zur Verfügung gestellten elektrischen Energie beruhen darauf, dass die Brennstoffzelle im wärmegeführten Betrieb '.lauft . Die von der Brennstoffzelle zur Verfügung gestellte thermische Energie variiert mit dem Gasdurchsatz durch die Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage. Mit der von der Brennstoffzelle abgegebenen thermischen Energie korreliert die von der Brennstoffzelle zur Verfügung gestellte elektrische Energie. Der Strombedarf der Brennstoffzelle, sowie der Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage sind aber zumeist nahezu konstant. Aus der Brennstoffzelle gewonnene elektrische Energie wird erfindungsgemäß zunächst eingesetzt, um den Bedarf der Brennstoffzelle an elektrischer Energie zu befriedigen. Erfindungsgemäß kann die Brennstoffzelle, die eine im Vergleich zur thermischen Energie gleich, große oder größere Menge elektrischer Energie erzeugt neben dem Wärmebedarf zusätzlich den Strombedarf einer Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage decken und überschüssige elektrische Energie dem Markt anbieten. Die dazu vorgesehenen elektrischen Komponenten sind beispielsweise Gleichstromkreise, - Sicherungen und -Schalter, Wechselrichter mit Sicherungen, Wechselstromkreise mit Transformator und Netzanschluss . Die stromseitige Vorrichtung nach der Brennstoffzelle speist einen Gleichstromkreis, welcher mit Gleichstromverbrauchern und dem Wechselrichter verbunden ist.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell is designed so that the electrical energy generated by it for self-supply, for Operation of the gas pressure control and measuring system can be used and fed into a public electricity network, in particular. Different amounts of questions from the fuel cell available electrical energy based on the fact that the fuel cell in heat-controlled operation .lauft '. The thermal energy provided by the fuel cell varies with the gas throughput through the gas pressure control and measuring system. The electrical energy provided by the fuel cell correlates with the thermal energy emitted by the fuel cell. The electricity requirements of the fuel cell and the gas pressure control and measuring system are mostly almost constant. Electrical energy obtained from the fuel cell is initially used according to the invention in order to satisfy the fuel cell's need for electrical energy. According to the invention, the fuel cell, which generates a large or larger amount of electrical energy compared to thermal energy, can cover the electricity requirement of a gas pressure regulating and measuring system in addition to the heat requirement and offer excess electrical energy to the market. The electrical components provided for this purpose are, for example, direct current circuits, fuses and switches, inverters with fuses, alternating current circuits with transformer and mains connection. The current-side device after the fuel cell feeds a direct current circuit which is connected to direct current consumers and the inverter.
Über den Wechselrichter, der auch bidirektional ausgeführt sein kann, erfolgt die Verbindung zum ggf. nötigen Transformator und zum Netzanschluss.The inverter, which can also be bidirectional, is used to connect to the necessary transformer and to the grid connection.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist eine Steuervorrichtung für die Brennstoffzelle vorgesehen. Wärmegeführter Betrieb bedeutet, dass aufgrund der Druckverhältnisse eine voraussichtliche Temperaturerniedrigung über die Zeit aufgrund der Gasentspannung abgeleitet wird. Die Brennstoffzelle ist entsprechend steuerb r, um dem vorhergesehenen Verlauf der . Temperaturerniedrigung die Wärmemenge zur Verfügung zu stellen und die Temperaturerniedrigung nach Möglichkeit auszugleichen. Sollte die Temperaturerniedrigung aufgrund der Druckverhältnisse so schnell vonstatten geht, dass eine exakte Kompensation aufgrund der thermischen Trägheit nicht möglich ist, ist es Ziel der Regelung, die Temperatur möglichst schnell wieder auf das alte Niveau zu bringen.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, there is a control device for the fuel cell intended. Heat-controlled operation means that, due to the pressure conditions, an expected temperature decrease is derived over time due to the gas expansion. The fuel cell is controllable according to the predicted course of the. Lowering the temperature to provide the amount of heat and compensating for the lowering of the temperature if possible. If the temperature drop occurs so quickly due to the pressure conditions that exact compensation is not possible due to the thermal inertia, the aim of the control is to bring the temperature back to the old level as quickly as possible.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Wärmetauscher als Heat-Pipe für besonders effiziente Wärmeübertragung ausgeführt.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger is designed as a heat pipe for particularly efficient heat transfer.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist Gas zum Betrieb der Brennstoffzelle der Leitung vor der Odorierung entnehmbar. Die brennstoffseitige Vorrichtung vor der Brennstoffzelle entnimmt entweder auf der Hochdruck- oder Niederdruckseite der Leitung das Gas vor der Odorierung. Dadurch vereinfacht sich der Gasreinigungsschritt vor der Brennstoffzelle erheblich. Erfolgte die Brennstoffentnahme nach der Odorierung, wäre eine aufwändigere Gasaufbereitung notwendig.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, gas for operating the fuel cell can be removed from the line before the odorization. The fuel-side device in front of the fuel cell either removes the gas before the odorization on the high-pressure or low-pressure side of the line. This considerably simplifies the gas cleaning step upstream of the fuel cell. If the fuel was removed after the odorization, a more complex gas treatment would be necessary.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Gas zum Betrieb der Brennstoffzelle entweder vor oder nach der Druckreduziervorrichtung entnehmbar. Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind in der Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage gleichzeitig ein Gleichstrom- und ein Wechselstromnetz vorgesehen.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the gas for operating the fuel cell can be removed either before or after the pressure reducing device. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a direct current and an alternating current network are simultaneously provided in the gas pressure control and measuring system.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Brennstoffzelle als Nieder-, Mittel- oder Hochtemperatur Brennstoffzelle ausgebildet.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell is designed as a low, medium or high temperature fuel cell.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zum Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung vorgesehen.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a method for operating the device according to the invention is provided.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels dargestellt. Es zeigen:The invention is illustrated below with the aid of a preferred exemplary embodiment. Show it:
Fig. 1: eine Vorrichtung zur Vorwärmung eines Gases in einer Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage gemäß einem Stand der Technik, und1: a device for preheating a gas in a gas pressure control and measuring system according to a prior art, and
Fig. 2: eine Vorrichtung zur Vorwärmung eines Gases in einer Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage gemäß der Erfindung.2: a device for preheating a gas in a gas pressure control and measuring system according to the invention.
Fig. 1: -Eine Vorrichtung des Standes der Technik weist zur Erwärmung eines in einer Leitung einer Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage unter hohem Druck stehenden Gas 1 einen Wärmetauscher 2 auf, an den eine Druckreduziervorrichtung 3 anschließt zu einer weiterführende Leitung 4. Das Gas wird aus Sicherheitsgründen nach der Druckreduziervorrichtung 3 in der weiterführenden Leitung zu 4 odoriert. Nach der Odorierung zweigt eine Nebenleitung 7 ab, die Gas aus der weiterführenden Leitung zu 4 in die Heizvorrichtung 5 für den Wärmetauscher 2 speist. Die Heizvorrichtung 5 erzeugt keine elektrische Energie.1: A device of the prior art has a heat exchanger 2 for heating a gas 1 which is under high pressure in a line of a gas pressure control and measuring system, to which a pressure reducing device 3 connects to a further line 4. The gas is emitted Security reasons odoriert after the pressure reducing device 3 in the continuing line to 4. After the odorization branches off a branch line 7, the gas from the continuing line to 4 in the heating device 5 for the heat exchanger 2 feeds. The heater 5 does not generate electrical energy.
Fig. 2: Entsprechende Merkmale sind mit den Bezugszeichen aus Fig. 1 bezeichnet. Eine Vorrichtung weist zur Erwärmung eines in einer Leitung einer Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage unter hohem Druck stehenden Gas 1 einen Wärmetauscher 2 auf, an den eine Druckreduziervorrichtung 3 anschließt zu einer weiterführende Leitung 4. Das Gas wird aus Sicherheitsgründen nach der Druckreduziervorrichtung 3 in der weiterführenden Leitung zu 4 odoriert. Vor der Odorierung zweigt eine Nebenleitung 7 ab, die Gas aus der weiterführenden Leitung 4 in eine als gasgetriebene Brennstoffzelle 5 ausgebildete Heizvorrichtung 5 für den Wärmetauscher 2 speist. Die Brennstoffzelle 5:' erzeugt elektrische Energie und gibt gegebenenfalls elektrische Energie in ein Stromnetz 6 ab. FIG. 2: Corresponding features are designated by the reference symbols from FIG. 1. A device has a heat exchanger 2 for heating a gas 1 which is under high pressure in a line of a gas pressure regulating and measuring system, to which a pressure reducing device 3 connects to a further line 4. For safety reasons, the gas is in the further line after the pressure reducing device 3 odorized to 4. Before the odorization, a secondary line 7 branches off, which feeds gas from the further line 4 into a heating device 5, designed as a gas-driven fuel cell 5, for the heat exchanger 2. The fuel cell 5 : ' generates electrical energy and optionally emits electrical energy into a power grid 6.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Vorrichtung zur Erwärmung eines in einer Leitung zu einer Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage unter hohem Druck stehenden Gas mit einem Wärmetauscher, einer anschließenden Druckreduziervorrichtung für eine weiterführende Leitung und einer vom Gas aus der Leitung betriebenen Heizvorrichtung für den Wärmetauscher, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heizvorrichtung als gasbetriebene Brennstoffzelle ausgebildet ist.1. Device for heating a gas in a line to a gas pressure control and measuring system under high pressure with a heat exchanger, a subsequent pressure reducing device for a further line and a gas-operated heating device for the heat exchanger, characterized in that the heating device is designed as a gas-powered fuel cell.
2. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass geschlossene Rohrsysteme vorgesehen sind für die thermische Energiezufuhr von der Brennstoffzelle an den Wärmetauscher.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that closed pipe systems are provided for the thermal energy supply from the fuel cell to the heat exchanger.
3. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennstoffzelle so ausgelegt ist, das.s sie den Wärmetauscher mindestens vollständig mit Wärme versorgt.3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel cell is designed so that it supplies the heat exchanger at least completely with heat.
4. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennstoffzelle so ausgelegt ist, dass für sie die von ihr erzeugte elektrische Energie zur Eigenversorgung nutzbar ist.4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel cell is designed so that for it the electrical energy generated by it can be used for self-supply.
5. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass elektrische Energie von der Brennstoffzelle zum Betrieb der Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage nutzbar ist. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that electrical energy from the fuel cell can be used to operate the gas pressure control and measuring system.
6. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass elektrische Energie der Brennstoffzelle in ein insbesondere öffentliches Stromnetz eingespeist wird.6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that electrical energy of the fuel cell is fed into a public electricity network in particular.
7. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Steuervorrichtung für die Brennstoffzelle vorgesehen ist .7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a control device for the fuel cell is provided.
8. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmetauscher als Heat-Pipe ausgeführt ist.8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger is designed as a heat pipe.
9. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Gas zum Betrieb der Brennstoffzelle der Leitung vor der Odorierung entnehmbar ist.9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that gas for operating the fuel cell can be removed from the line before the odorization.
10. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gas zum Betrieb der Brennstoffzelle vor oder nach der Druckreduziervorrichtung entnehmbar ist.10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas for operating the fuel cell can be removed before or after the pressure reducing device.
11. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Gasdruckregel- und Messanlage gleichzeitig ein Gleichstrom- und ein Wechselstromnetz vorgesehen11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a direct current and an alternating current network are provided in the gas pressure control and measuring system at the same time
• sind.• are.
12. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennstoffzelle als Nieder-, Mittel- oder Hochtemperatur Brennstoffzelle ausgebildet ist.12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel cell is designed as a low, medium or high temperature fuel cell.
13. Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, 13. A method of operating a device according to claim 1,
PCT/DE2003/003249 2002-10-02 2003-09-30 Device and method for preheating a gas in a gas-pressure regulation and measuring installation using a fuel cell WO2004031646A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03769227A EP1570204B1 (en) 2002-10-02 2003-09-30 Device and method for preheating a gas in a gas-pressure regulation and measuring installation using a fuel cell
DE50310722T DE50310722D1 (en) 2002-10-02 2003-09-30 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PRE-HEATING A GAS IN A GAS PRESSURE CONTROL AND MEASUREMENT PLANT, BELONGING TO A FUEL CELL
AU2003277817A AU2003277817A1 (en) 2002-10-02 2003-09-30 Device and method for preheating a gas in a gas-pressure regulation and measuring installation using a fuel cell
DK03769227T DK1570204T3 (en) 2002-10-02 2003-09-30 Device and method for preheating a gas in a gas pressure control and measuring system by means of a fuel cell
DE10393901T DE10393901D2 (en) 2002-10-02 2003-09-30 Device and method for preheating a gas in a gas pressure regulating and measuring system, based on a fuel cell

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10246170.8 2002-10-02
DE10246170A DE10246170B4 (en) 2002-10-02 2002-10-02 Device for preheating a gas in a gas pressure regulating and measuring system

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AT (1) ATE412849T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003277817A1 (en)
DE (3) DE10246170B4 (en)
DK (1) DK1570204T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2318170T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2004031646A1 (en)

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DE102004051542A1 (en) * 2004-10-21 2006-06-14 Andreas Hermann Heater for a fuel cell has electrically conductive heating region for cell fluids that is fed by a transformer secondary through an ac converter
EP1865249A3 (en) * 2006-06-07 2009-12-30 2Oc A gas pressure reducer, and an energy generation and management system including a gas pressure reducer
WO2012160433A1 (en) * 2011-05-23 2012-11-29 Angelo Mapelli Gas heating system for gas pressure reducing systems and method for obtaining said heating effect
IT201900004675A1 (en) * 2019-03-28 2020-09-28 Me Te Ma Srl SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE OF METHANE GAS COMING FROM THE NETWORK.

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SI2264288T1 (en) * 2009-06-11 2011-12-30 Thermonetics Ltd System for efficient fluid depressurisation

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DE102004051542B4 (en) * 2004-10-21 2006-10-26 Andreas Hermann Heating device for a fuel cell and fuel cell assembly
EP1865249A3 (en) * 2006-06-07 2009-12-30 2Oc A gas pressure reducer, and an energy generation and management system including a gas pressure reducer
WO2012160433A1 (en) * 2011-05-23 2012-11-29 Angelo Mapelli Gas heating system for gas pressure reducing systems and method for obtaining said heating effect
IT201900004675A1 (en) * 2019-03-28 2020-09-28 Me Te Ma Srl SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE OF METHANE GAS COMING FROM THE NETWORK.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50310722D1 (en) 2008-12-11
ATE412849T1 (en) 2008-11-15
EP1570204B1 (en) 2008-10-29
DE10393901D2 (en) 2005-08-25
DK1570204T3 (en) 2009-03-09
DE10246170A1 (en) 2004-04-22
ES2318170T3 (en) 2009-05-01
EP1570204A1 (en) 2005-09-07
DE10246170B4 (en) 2005-08-18
AU2003277817A1 (en) 2004-04-23

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