WO2004026686A1 - Watercraft and method for the operation thereof - Google Patents

Watercraft and method for the operation thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004026686A1
WO2004026686A1 PCT/EP2003/010229 EP0310229W WO2004026686A1 WO 2004026686 A1 WO2004026686 A1 WO 2004026686A1 EP 0310229 W EP0310229 W EP 0310229W WO 2004026686 A1 WO2004026686 A1 WO 2004026686A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
working medium
watercraft
heat exchanger
piston
compressed gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2003/010229
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Heinrich Schmid
Original Assignee
Heinrich Schmid
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heinrich Schmid filed Critical Heinrich Schmid
Priority to AU2003266389A priority Critical patent/AU2003266389A1/en
Publication of WO2004026686A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004026686A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B19/00—Marine torpedoes, e.g. launched by surface vessels or submarines; Sea mines having self-propulsion means
    • F42B19/12—Propulsion specially adapted for torpedoes
    • F42B19/14—Propulsion specially adapted for torpedoes by compressed-gas motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/031—Air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a watercraft with a drive means that is driven by a drive motor and a method for driving a watercraft.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a watercraft and a method for propelling a watercraft in which no harmful exhaust gases are emitted during operation.
  • the drive motor comprises a compressed gas motor comprising a heat exchanger for heating and / or evaporating a liquefied gas as the working medium, and an expansion machine for converting the energy contained in the working medium into mechanical work.
  • Compressed gas engine is understood here to mean a drive engine that can convert the energy contained in a working medium into mechanical work without internal combustion.
  • the working medium is a gas, preferably liquid nitrogen or liquefied air.
  • the working medium is initially stored in a liquefied form in a pressurized gas container, heated or evaporated in the heat exchanger and then fed to the pressurized gas engine.
  • the heat exchanger enables heat to be exchanged between the environment and the working medium.
  • Expansion machine is generally understood to mean a drive machine which, for. B. by a piston or in the manner of a turbomachine allows utilization of the energy contained in the working medium or a conversion of the thermal energy contained in the working medium into mechanical energy.
  • the expansion machine is a piston machine.
  • the piston machine preferably comprises a working space with a piston, a connecting rod connected to the piston and a rotatable crank mechanism connected to the connecting rod.
  • the working area serves to expand the working medium, which means that mechanical energy is transferred to the crank mechanism via the piston and the connecting rod.
  • the working medium is introduced into the working space on the first working cycle, while the piston is at the area of the top dead center that
  • the watercraft preferably comprises a pressure gas tank for holding the liquefied gas, the pressure gas tank being connected to the heat exchanger via a first pressure gas line. Fittings for regulating the gas flow are preferably arranged in the first compressed gas line. It is preferably provided that an injection nozzle is connected to the working space through which the working medium heated or evaporated in the heat exchanger can be introduced into the working space via a second compressed gas line.
  • the injection nozzle can be designed, for example, in the form of a check valve, thus allowing the working medium to flow in one pressure direction, and the injection nozzle blocks in the other pressure direction.
  • the injection nozzle can also be designed as an electromagnetic, mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic confirmable valve.
  • the heat exchanger is arranged outside a boat hull below the water line. When the boat is launched, the surrounding water flows around the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger is arranged in such a way that ambient air flows around it. In the alternative embodiment, it is therefore not the water flowing around but the ambient air that is used to heat or evaporate the working medium.
  • the problem mentioned at the outset is also solved by a method for propelling a watercraft, in which a liquefied gas is heated and evaporated as the working medium with supply of heat from the environment, the working medium is fed to an expansion machine and in which mechanical work is given to a mechanical machine Drive is expanded.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a watercraft according to the invention.
  • 1 shows a watercraft 13 in section as a basic illustration.
  • the watercraft 13 consists of a hull which is partially immersed in water 4.
  • the watercraft 13 comprises a drive motor 16, which is designed here, for example, in the manner of an outboard motor.
  • the drive motor 16 can also be arranged in a known manner as a built-in motor in the hull of the watercraft 13.
  • the drive motor 16 comprises a housing 1 in which a piston engine 12 is arranged.
  • the piston machine 12 comprises a cylinder 14 with a working space 2, in which a piston 3 is movably arranged.
  • the piston 3 is connected via a connecting rod 8 to a crank mechanism 9 which drives a propeller 10 via a propeller drive 18.
  • the propeller drive 18 can, for. B. in the form of a rotating shaft that drives the propeller 10 via an angular gear.
  • the work space 2 is connected to the surroundings via an outlet duct 7. Furthermore, the working space 2 is connected to an injection nozzle 6.
  • the injection nozzle 6 is in turn connected via a second compressed gas line 15 to a heat exchanger 5, which is connected via a first compressed gas line 17 to a compressed gas tank 19.
  • a liquefied gas for example liquefied nitrogen, liquefied air or any other possibly non-combustible liquefied gas, is located in the pressure gas tank 19.
  • first compressed gas line 17 and / or in the second compressed gas line 17 fittings for regulating the volume flow are no longer shown here. It can be z. B. to shut-off valves, control valves and the like.
  • the mode of operation of the compressed gas engine is described below.
  • the initially still liquid working medium flows out of the compressed gas tank 19 via the first
  • the heat exchanger 5 Thermal energy from the environment, here from the water in which the watercraft floats, is given off to the working medium.
  • the heat exchanger 5 can also be arranged such that air flows through it. The transfer of heat from the environment to the working medium leads to the evaporation of the working medium.
  • the evaporated working medium is now fed to the injection nozzle 6 via the second compressed gas line 15. If the piston 3 is in the area of the top dead center, the injection nozzle 6 is opened so that the working medium can flow into the working space 2. The working medium is then expanded in the working space 2. The expansion continues until the piston has approximately reached bottom dead center. In the area of the bottom dead center, the outlet channel 7 is opened so that the working medium is expelled on the way of the piston to the top dead center. When the top dead center is reached, a further work cycle of the expansion machine begins.
  • the invention shown here is a watercraft or boat with at least one compressed gas engine for liquid gases, the compressed gas engine comprising a housing in which at least one working space is formed and in which a reciprocating piston or at least one reciprocating piston Pressure plate is mounted and opens into the at least one outlet channel for a working medium, the piston or the pressure plate is connected via a connecting rod to a rotating crank mechanism and the compressed gas engine uses the thermal energy in the water and at least one evaporator or warmer in the water to discharge the liquid Gas is converted into a pressurized gas and at the same time the pressurized pressure is introduced via at least one injector into at least one working space on the pressurized gas engine, whereby
  • Drive medium of the gas engine delivers its developed power to at least one drive screw or at least one drive wheel for boats, in order to drive a boat in the water.
  • the heater or evaporator installed in front of the gas engine can also be integrated in the gas engine, which can be heated with the incoming air from the environment.
  • the heater or evaporator installed in front of the engine can also be integrated in the engine with at least one integrated heat source, this heat being able to be taken from any conceivable source, such as electricity or mechanical friction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a watercraft comprising a drive means (10, 11) which is driven by means of a drive motor (6) which does not emit any harmful waste gas during the operation thereof. The drive motor (16) consists of compressed gas motor which comprises a heat exchanger (5) for heating and/or vapourising a liquified gas as an operating medium, also comprising an expansion machine (2, 3, 8, 9, 14) for converting the energy contained in the operating medium into mechanical work.

Description

Wasserfahrzeug sowie Verfahren zu dessen Antrieb. Watercraft and method for propelling it.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wasserfahrzeug mit einem Antriebsmittel, das durch einen Antriebsmotor angetrieben wird sowie ein Verfahren zum Antrieb eines Wasserfahrzeuges.The invention relates to a watercraft with a drive means that is driven by a drive motor and a method for driving a watercraft.
Es ist bekannt, zum Antrieb von Wasserfahrzeugen Verbrennungsmotoren mit innerer Verbrennung einzusetzen. Es handelt sich hier üblicherweise um Zweitakt- oder Viertakt-Otto- bzw. Dieselmotoren. Bei der Verbrennung des Otto- oder Dieselkraftstoffes entstehen Verbrennungsabgase, die Schadstoffe enthalten. Der Einsatz eines derartigen Motors erzeugt somit eine Umweltbelastung, die in vielen Fällen unerwünscht ist.It is known to use internal combustion engines with internal combustion for driving watercraft. These are usually two-stroke or four-stroke gasoline or diesel engines. When gasoline or diesel is burned, combustion gases are generated that contain pollutants. The use of such an engine thus creates an environmental impact which is undesirable in many cases.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein Wasserfahrzeug sowie ein Verfahren zum Antrieb eines Wasserfahrzeuges anzugeben, bei denen im Betrieb keine schädlichen Abgase abgegeben werden. 'The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a watercraft and a method for propelling a watercraft in which no harmful exhaust gases are emitted during operation. '
Dieses Problem wird durch ein Wasserfahrzeug nach Anspruch 1 sowie ein Verfahren zum Antrieb eines Wasserfahrzeuges nach Anspruch 9 gelöst.This problem is solved by a watercraft according to claim 1 and a method for propelling a watercraft according to claim 9.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Wasserfahrzeug mit einem Antriebsmittel ist vorgesehen, dass der Antriebsmotor einen Druckgasmotor umfassend einem Wärmetauscher zum Erwärmen und/oder Verdampfen eines verflüssigten Gases als Arbeitsmedium sowie eine Expansionsmaschine zur Umsetzung der in dem Arbeitsmedium enthaltenen Energie in mechanische Arbeit umfasst. Unter Druckgasmotor wird hier ein Antriebsmotor verstanden, der ohne eine innere Verbrennung die in einem Arbeitsmedium enthaltene Energie in mechanische Arbeit umsetzen kann. Das Arbeitsmedium ist ein Gas, vorzugsweise flüssiger Stickstoff oder verflüssigte Luft. Das Arbeitsmedium wird zunächst in verflüssigter Form in einem Druckgasbehälter gelagert, in dem Wärmetauscher erwärmt bzw. verdampft und danach dem Druckgasmotor zugeführt. Der Wärmetauscher ermöglicht einen Austausch von Wärme zwischen der Umgebung zu dem Arbeitsmedium hin. Unter Expansionsmaschine wird hier allgemein eine Antriebsmaschine verstanden, die z. B. durch einen Kolben oder nach Art einer Turbomaschine eine Ausnützung der in dem Arbeitsmedium enthaltenden Energie bzw. eine Umwandlung der in dem Arbeitsmedium enthaltenden thermischen Energie in mechanische Energie ermöglicht.In the watercraft according to the invention with a drive means, it is provided that the drive motor comprises a compressed gas motor comprising a heat exchanger for heating and / or evaporating a liquefied gas as the working medium, and an expansion machine for converting the energy contained in the working medium into mechanical work. Compressed gas engine is understood here to mean a drive engine that can convert the energy contained in a working medium into mechanical work without internal combustion. The working medium is a gas, preferably liquid nitrogen or liquefied air. The working medium is initially stored in a liquefied form in a pressurized gas container, heated or evaporated in the heat exchanger and then fed to the pressurized gas engine. The heat exchanger enables heat to be exchanged between the environment and the working medium. Expansion machine is generally understood to mean a drive machine which, for. B. by a piston or in the manner of a turbomachine allows utilization of the energy contained in the working medium or a conversion of the thermal energy contained in the working medium into mechanical energy.
Vorzugsweise ist vorgesehen, dass die Expansionsmaschine eine Kolbenmaschine ist. Die Kolbenmaschine umfasst vorzugsweise einen Arbeitsraum mit einem Kolben, eine mit dem Kolben verbundene Pleuelstange sowie einen mit der Pleuelstange verbundenen rotierbaren Kurbeltrieb. Der Arbeitsraum dient der Expansion des Arbeitsmediums, wodurch über den Kolben und die Pleuelstange mechanische Energie auf den Kurbeltrieb übertragen wird. Am ersten Arbeitstakt wird dazu das Arbeitsmedium in den Arbeitsraum eingebracht während der Kolben an dem Bereich des oberen Totpunktes ist, dasIt is preferably provided that the expansion machine is a piston machine. The piston machine preferably comprises a working space with a piston, a connecting rod connected to the piston and a rotatable crank mechanism connected to the connecting rod. The working area serves to expand the working medium, which means that mechanical energy is transferred to the crank mechanism via the piston and the connecting rod. For this purpose, the working medium is introduced into the working space on the first working cycle, while the piston is at the area of the top dead center that
Arbeitsmedium wird so dann expandiert, wobei Arbeit auf den Kolben bzw. dieWorking medium is then expanded, with work on the piston or the
Pleuelstange und Kurbeltrieb übertragen wird. Wenn der Kolben den unteren Totpunkt erreicht hat wird das Arbeitsmedium auf dem Weg des Kolbens zu dem oberen Totpunkt wieder ausgestoßen, und bei erreichen etwa des oberen Totpunktes des Kolbens erfolgt ein neuer Arbeitstakt.Connecting rod and crank mechanism is transmitted. When the piston has reached bottom dead center, the working medium is expelled again on the way of the piston to top dead center, and a new work cycle occurs when the piston reaches about top dead center.
Das Wasserfahrzeug umfasst vorzugsweise einen Druckgastank zur Aufnahme des verflüssigten Gases, wobei der Druckgastank mit dem Wärmetauscher über eine erste Druckgasleitung verbunden ist. In der ersten Druckgasleitung sind vorzugsweise Armaturen zur Regelung des Gasstromes angeordnet. Vorzugsweise ist vorgesehen, dass eine Einspritzdüse mit dem Arbeitsraum verbunden ist durch die über eine zweite Druckgasleitung das in dem Wärmetauscher erwärmte bzw. verdampfte Arbeitsmedium in den Arbeitsraum einbringbar ist. Die Einspritzdüse kann beispielsweise in Form eines Rückschlagventils ausgebildet sein, ermöglicht also in eine Druckrichtung das Einströmen des Arbeitsmediums, in die andere Druckrichtung sperrt die Einspritzdüse. Die Einspritzdüse kann auch als elektromagnetisch, mechanisch, hydraulisch oder pneumatisch bestätigbares Ventil ausgebildet sein.The watercraft preferably comprises a pressure gas tank for holding the liquefied gas, the pressure gas tank being connected to the heat exchanger via a first pressure gas line. Fittings for regulating the gas flow are preferably arranged in the first compressed gas line. It is preferably provided that an injection nozzle is connected to the working space through which the working medium heated or evaporated in the heat exchanger can be introduced into the working space via a second compressed gas line. The injection nozzle can be designed, for example, in the form of a check valve, thus allowing the working medium to flow in one pressure direction, and the injection nozzle blocks in the other pressure direction. The injection nozzle can also be designed as an electromagnetic, mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic confirmable valve.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen das der Wärmetauscher außerhalb eines Bootsrumpfes unterhalb der Wasserlinie angeordnet ist. Der Wärmetauscher wird bei zu Wasser gelassenem Boot mit dem umgebenden Wasser umströmt. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass der Wärmetauscher so angeordnet ist, dass dieser von Umgebungsluft umströmt wird. Bei der alternativen Ausführungsform dient also nicht das umströmende Wasser sondern die Umgebungsluft der Erwärmung bzw. dem Verdampfen des Arbeitsmediums.In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the heat exchanger is arranged outside a boat hull below the water line. When the boat is launched, the surrounding water flows around the heat exchanger. In an alternative embodiment it is provided that the heat exchanger is arranged in such a way that ambient air flows around it. In the alternative embodiment, it is therefore not the water flowing around but the ambient air that is used to heat or evaporate the working medium.
Das eingangs genannte Problem wird auch durch ein Verfahren zum Antrieb eines Wasserfahrzeuges gelöst, bei ein verflüssigtes Gas als Arbeitsmedium unter Zuführung von Wärme aus der Umgebung erwärmt und verdampft wird, das Arbeitsmedium einer Expansionsmaschine zugeführt wird und in dieser unter Abgabe von mechanischer Arbeit an einen mechanischen Antrieb expandiert wird.The problem mentioned at the outset is also solved by a method for propelling a watercraft, in which a liquefied gas is heated and evaporated as the working medium with supply of heat from the environment, the working medium is fed to an expansion machine and in which mechanical work is given to a mechanical machine Drive is expanded.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der nachstehenden Beschreibung an Hand der zugehörigen Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigtAn embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispieles eines erfindungsgemäßen Wasserfahrzeuges. Im Fig. 1 dargestellt ist ein Wasserfahrzeug 13 im Schnitt als Prinzipdarstellung. Das Wasserfahrzeug 13 besteht einem Rumpf, der teilweise in Wasser 4 eingetaucht ist. Das Wasserfahrzeug 13 umfasst einen Antriebsmotor 16, der hier beispielhaft nach Art eines Außenbordmotors ausgeführt ist. Alternativ kann der Antriebsmotor 16 auch in bekannter Weise als Einbaumotor im Rumpf des Wasserfahrzeuges 13 angeordnet sein. Der Antriebsmotor 16 umfasst ein Gehäuse 1, in dem eine Kolbenmaschine 12 angeordnet ist. Die Kolbenmaschine 12 umfasst ein Zylinder 14 mit einem Arbeitsraum 2, in dem ein Kolben 3 beweglich angeordnet ist. Der Kolben 3 ist über eine Pleuelstange 8 mit einem Kurbeltrieb 9 verbunden, der über einen Propellerantrieb 18 ein Propeller 10 antreibt. Der Propellerantrieb 18 kann z. B. in Form einer rotierenden Welle ausgeführt sein, die über ein Winkelgetriebe den Propeller 10 antreibt. Der Arbeitsraum 2 ist über einen Auslasskanal 7 mit der Umgebung verbunden. Des weiteren ist der Arbeitsraum 2 mit einer Einspritzdüse 6 verbunden. Die Einspritzdüse 6 wiederum ist über eine zweite Druckgasleitung 15 mit einem Wärmetauscher 5 verbunden, der über eine erste Druckgasleitung 17 mit einem Druckgastank 19 verbunden ist. In dem Druckgastank 19 befindet sich ein verflüssigtes Gas, beispielsweise verflüssigter Stickstoff, verflüssigte Luft oder ein beliebiges anderes möglichst nicht brennbares verflüssigtes Gas.Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a watercraft according to the invention. 1 shows a watercraft 13 in section as a basic illustration. The watercraft 13 consists of a hull which is partially immersed in water 4. The watercraft 13 comprises a drive motor 16, which is designed here, for example, in the manner of an outboard motor. Alternatively, the drive motor 16 can also be arranged in a known manner as a built-in motor in the hull of the watercraft 13. The drive motor 16 comprises a housing 1 in which a piston engine 12 is arranged. The piston machine 12 comprises a cylinder 14 with a working space 2, in which a piston 3 is movably arranged. The piston 3 is connected via a connecting rod 8 to a crank mechanism 9 which drives a propeller 10 via a propeller drive 18. The propeller drive 18 can, for. B. in the form of a rotating shaft that drives the propeller 10 via an angular gear. The work space 2 is connected to the surroundings via an outlet duct 7. Furthermore, the working space 2 is connected to an injection nozzle 6. The injection nozzle 6 is in turn connected via a second compressed gas line 15 to a heat exchanger 5, which is connected via a first compressed gas line 17 to a compressed gas tank 19. A liquefied gas, for example liquefied nitrogen, liquefied air or any other possibly non-combustible liquefied gas, is located in the pressure gas tank 19.
In der ersten Druckgasleitung 17 und/oder in der zweiten Druckgasleitung 17 sind hier nicht mehr dargestellte Armaturen zur Regelung des Volumenstromes angeordnet. Es kann sich hier z. B. um Absperrventile, Regel ventile und dergleichen handeln.In the first compressed gas line 17 and / or in the second compressed gas line 17, fittings for regulating the volume flow are no longer shown here. It can be z. B. to shut-off valves, control valves and the like.
Nachfolgen wird die Funktionsweise des Druckgasmotors beschrieben. Aus dem Druckgastank 19 strömt das zunächst noch flüssige Arbeitsmedium über die ersteThe mode of operation of the compressed gas engine is described below. The initially still liquid working medium flows out of the compressed gas tank 19 via the first
Druckgasleitung 17 zu dem Wärmetauscher 5. In dem Wärmetauscher 5 wird Wärmeenergie aus der Umgebung, hier aus dem Wasser, in dem das Wasserfahrzeug schwimmt, an das Arbeitsmedium abgegeben. Alternativ kann der Wärmetauscher 5 auch so angeordnet sein, dass dieser von Luft durchströmt wird. Die Übertragung von Wärme aus der Umgebung an das Arbeitsmedium führt zu dem Verdampfen des Arbeitsmediums. Das verdampfte Arbeitsmedium wird nun über die zweite Druckgasleitung 15 der Einspritzdüse 6 zugeführt. Befindet sich der Kolben 3 in Bereich des oberen Totpunktes, so wird die Anspritzdüse 6 geöffnet, sodass das Arbeitsmedium in den Arbeitsraum 2 einströmen kann. In dem Arbeitsraum 2 erfolgt dann eine Expansion des Arbeitsmediums. Die Expansion erfolgt bis der Kolben in etwa den unteren Totpunkt erreicht hat. Im Bereich des unteren Totpunktes wird der Auslasskanal 7 geöffnet, so dass das Arbeitsmedium auf dem Weg des Kolbens zum oberen Totpunkt ausgestoßen wird. Mit erreichen des oberen Totpunktes beginnt ein weiterer Arbeitstakt der Expansionsmaschine.Compressed gas line 17 to the heat exchanger 5. In the heat exchanger 5 Thermal energy from the environment, here from the water in which the watercraft floats, is given off to the working medium. Alternatively, the heat exchanger 5 can also be arranged such that air flows through it. The transfer of heat from the environment to the working medium leads to the evaporation of the working medium. The evaporated working medium is now fed to the injection nozzle 6 via the second compressed gas line 15. If the piston 3 is in the area of the top dead center, the injection nozzle 6 is opened so that the working medium can flow into the working space 2. The working medium is then expanded in the working space 2. The expansion continues until the piston has approximately reached bottom dead center. In the area of the bottom dead center, the outlet channel 7 is opened so that the working medium is expelled on the way of the piston to the top dead center. When the top dead center is reached, a further work cycle of the expansion machine begins.
Bei der hier dargestellten Erfindung handelt es sich um ein Wasserfahrzeug oder Boot mit wenigstens einem Druckgasmotor für flüssige Gase wobei der Druckgasmotor ein Gehäuse umfasst, in dem wenigstens ein Arbeitsraum ausgebildet ist und in dem ein hin- und hergehender Kolben oder wenigstens eine hin- und hergehende Druckplatte gelagert ist und in den wenigstens ein Auslasskanal für ein Arbeitsmedium mündet, wobei der Kolben oder die Druckplatte über ein Pleuel mit einem rotierenden Kurbeltrieb verbunden ist und der Druckgasmotor mit Hilfe der im Wasser befindlichen Wärmeenergie und wenigsten einen im Wasser befindlichen Verdampfer oder Wärmer das flüssige Gas in ein Druckgas verwandelt und dabei mit dem beaufschlagten Druck über wenigsten eine Einspritzdüse in wenigsten einen Arbeitsraum am Druckgasmotor eingebracht wird, wobei durch dasThe invention shown here is a watercraft or boat with at least one compressed gas engine for liquid gases, the compressed gas engine comprising a housing in which at least one working space is formed and in which a reciprocating piston or at least one reciprocating piston Pressure plate is mounted and opens into the at least one outlet channel for a working medium, the piston or the pressure plate is connected via a connecting rod to a rotating crank mechanism and the compressed gas engine uses the thermal energy in the water and at least one evaporator or warmer in the water to discharge the liquid Gas is converted into a pressurized gas and at the same time the pressurized pressure is introduced via at least one injector into at least one working space on the pressurized gas engine, whereby
Antriebsmedium der Druckgasmotor seine entwickelte Kraft auf wenigstens eine Antriebsschraube oder auf wenigstens ein Antriebsrad für Boote abgibt, um somit ein Boot im Wasser anzutreiben. Der vor dem Druckgasmotor angebrachte Wärmer oder Verdampfer kann auch im Druckgasmotor integriert werden, wobei dieser mit der anströmenden Luft aus der Umgebung beheizt werden kann.Drive medium of the gas engine delivers its developed power to at least one drive screw or at least one drive wheel for boats, in order to drive a boat in the water. The heater or evaporator installed in front of the gas engine can also be integrated in the gas engine, which can be heated with the incoming air from the environment.
Der vor dem Motor angebrachte Wärmer oder Verdampfer kann mit wenigstens einer integrierten Wärmequelle auch im Motor integriert werden, wobei diese Wärme aus jeglicher erdenklicher Quelle, wie Strom oder mechanischer Reibung, entnommen werden kann. The heater or evaporator installed in front of the engine can also be integrated in the engine with at least one integrated heat source, this heat being able to be taken from any conceivable source, such as electricity or mechanical friction.
BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
Gehäusecasing
Arbeitsraumworking space
Kolbenpiston
Wasserwater
Wärmetauscherheat exchangers
Einspritzdüseinjection
Auslasskanalexhaust port
Pleuelstangeconnecting rod
Kurbeltriebcrankshaft
Propellerpropeller
Antriebsraddrive wheel
Kolbenmaschinepiston engine
Wasserfahrzeugwater craft
Zylindercylinder
Zweite Druckgas AntriebsmotorSecond pressurized gas drive motor
erste Druckgasleitungfirst compressed gas line
Propellerantriebpropeller drive
Druckgastank Pressure gas tank

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Wasserfahrzeug mit einem Antriebsmittel (10, 11), das durch einen Antriebsmotor (16) angetrieben wird,1. watercraft with a drive means (10, 11) which is driven by a drive motor (16),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
der Antriebsmotor (16) einen Druckgasmotor umfassend einem Wärmetauscher (5) zum Erwärmen und/oderVerdampfen eines verflüssigten Gases als Arbeitsmedium sowie eine Expansionsmaschine (2, 3, 8, 9, 14) zur Umsetzung der in dem Arbeitsmedium enthaltenen Energie in mechanische Arbeit umfasst.the drive motor (16) comprises a compressed gas motor comprising a heat exchanger (5) for heating and / or evaporating a liquefied gas as the working medium and an expansion machine (2, 3, 8, 9, 14) for converting the energy contained in the working medium into mechanical work.
2. Wasserfahrzeug nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch,2. Watercraft according to the preceding claim,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
die Expansionsmaschine eine Kolbenmaschine (2, 3, 8, 9, 14) ist.the expansion machine is a piston machine (2, 3, 8, 9, 14).
3. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,3. Watercraft according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
die Kolbenmaschine einen Arbeitsraum (2) mit einem Kolben (3), eine mit dem Kolben (3) verbundene Pleuelstange (8) sowie einen mit der Pleuelstange (8) verbundenen rotierbaren Kurbeltrieb (9) umfasst.the piston machine comprises a working space (2) with a piston (3), a connecting rod (8) connected to the piston (3) and a rotatable crank mechanism (9) connected to the connecting rod (8).
4. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,4. Watercraft according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
dieses einen Druckgastank zur Aufnahme des verflüssigten Gases umfasst, der mit dem Wärmetauscher (5) über eine erste Druckgasleitung (17) verbunden ist. this comprises a compressed gas tank for holding the liquefied gas, which is connected to the heat exchanger (5) via a first compressed gas line (17).
5. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,5. Watercraft according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
eine Einspritzdüse (6) mit dem Arbeitsraum (2) verbunden ist durch die über eine zweite Druckgasleitung (15) das in dem Wärmetauscher (5) erwärmte/ verdampfte Arbeitsmedium in den Arbeitsraum (2) einbringbar ist.an injection nozzle (6) is connected to the working space (2) through which the working medium heated / evaporated in the heat exchanger (5) can be introduced into the working space (2) via a second compressed gas line (15).
6. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,6. Watercraft according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
der Wärmetauscher (5) ausserhalb eines Bootsrumpfes unterhalb der Wasserlinie angeordnet ist.the heat exchanger (5) is arranged outside a boat hull below the water line.
7. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,7. Watercraft according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
der Wärmetauscher (5) so angeordnet ist, dass dieser von Umgebungsluft umströmt wird.the heat exchanger (5) is arranged so that ambient air flows around it.
8. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,8. Watercraft according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
das Antriebsmittel ein Propeller (10) und/oder ein Antriebsrad (11) ist.the drive means is a propeller (10) and / or a drive wheel (11).
9. Verfahren zum Antrieb eines Wasserfahrzeuges,9. method for propelling a watercraft,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
- ein verflüssigtes Gas als Arbeitsmedium unter Zuführung von Wärme aus der Umgebung erwärmt und verdampft wird,a liquefied gas is heated and evaporated as a working medium with the supply of heat from the environment,
- das Arbeitsmedium einer Expansionsmaschine zugeführt wird und in dieser unter Abgabe von mechanischer Arbeit an einen mechanischen Antrieb expandiert wird. - The working medium is fed to and in an expansion machine with mechanical work being expanded to a mechanical drive.
PCT/EP2003/010229 2002-09-15 2003-09-15 Watercraft and method for the operation thereof WO2004026686A1 (en)

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DE20214283U DE20214283U1 (en) 2002-09-15 2002-09-15 Liquid compressed gas engine for boats
DE20214283.3 2002-09-15

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10336518A1 (en) * 2003-08-08 2005-05-19 Heinrich Schmid Propulsion system for boat has gas expansion engine fed with nitrogen gas under pressure fed from high-pressure liquid nitrogen tank via evaporative heat exchanger in wall of duct surrounding propeller
DE10352520B4 (en) * 2003-11-04 2006-11-02 Klaus Herrmann Method for operating a stationary or mobile engine by means of compressed gas and device for carrying out the method

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR715592A (en) * 1930-04-23 1931-12-05 Method and apparatus for producing motive power by circulating liquid air
DE686732C (en) * 1937-09-02 1940-01-15 Albert Reichert Multi-cylinder air motor, especially for boat propulsion
DE3743798A1 (en) * 1987-12-23 1989-07-13 Marinetechnik Gmbh Surface vessel, in particular for military purposes
US4850907A (en) * 1987-06-08 1989-07-25 Joe Mula Air motor systems for small boats
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FR715592A (en) * 1930-04-23 1931-12-05 Method and apparatus for producing motive power by circulating liquid air
DE686732C (en) * 1937-09-02 1940-01-15 Albert Reichert Multi-cylinder air motor, especially for boat propulsion
US4850907A (en) * 1987-06-08 1989-07-25 Joe Mula Air motor systems for small boats
DE3743798A1 (en) * 1987-12-23 1989-07-13 Marinetechnik Gmbh Surface vessel, in particular for military purposes
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Title
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