WO2004026457A1 - マイクロカプセルの製造方法 - Google Patents
マイクロカプセルの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004026457A1 WO2004026457A1 PCT/JP2003/011846 JP0311846W WO2004026457A1 WO 2004026457 A1 WO2004026457 A1 WO 2004026457A1 JP 0311846 W JP0311846 W JP 0311846W WO 2004026457 A1 WO2004026457 A1 WO 2004026457A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- dispersed phase
- producing
- polymer electrolyte
- phase
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/41—Emulsifying
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5089—Processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/30—Injector mixers
- B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
- B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
- B01F25/3142—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit the conduit having a plurality of openings in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction
- B01F25/31425—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit the conduit having a plurality of openings in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction with a plurality of perforations in the axial and circumferential direction covering the whole surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/30—Micromixers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K48/00—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
- A61K9/5021—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/5036—Polysaccharides, e.g. gums, alginate; Cyclodextrin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
- A61K9/5021—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/5036—Polysaccharides, e.g. gums, alginate; Cyclodextrin
- A61K9/5042—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. phthalate or acetate succinate esters of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
- A61K9/5047—Cellulose ethers containing no ester groups, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing microcapsules used in DDS (drug delivery system), the food industry, cosmetics production, and the like.
- DDS drug delivery system
- This capsule allows the outer hydrogel to act as a barrier to attack (rejection) from the biological immune system, and allows the inner islets of Langerhans to secrete insulin over time in the body.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-50989, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 3-0698 or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-52007473 has been proposed.
- Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-500 '889 discloses that the mouth shell virus is encapsulated in a microphone mouth capsule whose outer shell is a reactive product of alginic acid and spermine and whose inside is an aqueous core. Is disclosed.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-13968 discloses that an aqueous alginic acid solution (W) is emulsified and dispersed in a fatty acid ester (O) to prepare a W / 0 emulsion, and a polyvalent metal ( C a 2 + and B a 2 + ) are added to make primary particles of polyvalent metal alginate (gel) with a particle size of 0.01 to 5 m. It discloses a content in which a poorly soluble drug is supported on an aggregate of primary particles.
- microparticles of alginate solution was prepared by spray, collide with the C a 2 + aqueous solution flowing down the microparticles of alginate solution produced by the spray into a film
- a microphone mouth capsule of 100 to 400 ⁇ m is disclosed.
- Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-5001332 proposes a vaccine having a gel of 15 zm or less as an oral gel microencapsulated vaccine for oral delivery.
- the outer shell (gel) of the microcapsules described above is formed using a polyelectrolyte reaction. Specifically: ": Biotechnology Progress 13
- a method using a double nozzle to reduce the diameter of the capsule is proposed in “AIChE J, 40, 1026-1031 1994”.
- a capsule of about 2 mm to 200 m is prepared by flowing a polymer electrolyte solution from an inner nozzle and flowing air from an outer nozzle.
- JP-A-1 1 1 3 0 6 9 8 discloses, as a WZO emulsion by conventional how, in the case that brought into contact with this C a 2 + aqueous solution or the like, constituting the WZO emulsion It is difficult to keep the droplet diameter of the dispersed phase within the specified range, and it is possible to create extremely fine particles. It is not possible to produce a double-structured capsule with an aqueous solution and a gel outer shell.
- the above-mentioned literature suggests that a microcapsule in which cells are fixed is implanted into the body and functions as a “micro drug factory” in the body. In order for a cell-immobilized microcapsule to function as a “micro drug field”, it must not only secrete active substances such as insulin and pile cancer drugs, but also survive in the capsule for a long time. You will need it.
- the particle size of the microcapsule is an important factor.
- the outer shell not only withstands attacks from the immune system, but also releases secretions from cells to the outside and allows cells to survive from the outside. It is necessary to take in nutrients and discharge the waste generated in the capsule to the outside.
- the distance to the center of the microcapsule exceeds 150 m (diameter of 300 m), nutrients will not reach the cells fixed in the center, and waste from cells in the center will be discharged.
- the present inventors have found that cells cannot be killed. Also, if the diameter of the microcapsules is small, cells cannot be immobilized inside.
- microcapsules for cell fixation must fit within a very limited particle size range.
- the particle size distribution of the microcapsules for cell immobilization is as narrow as 50 to 300 / im. Can be manufactured, but it is not possible to manufacture a microcapsule having a uniform particle size. Further, even when a conventional emulsion obtained by simply stirring is used, microcapsules having a uniform and uniform particle size cannot be produced.
- Microcapsules having a uniform particle size are also required in the fields of food and cosmetics. Disclosure of the invention
- the method for producing microcapsules according to the present invention comprises first preparing an emulsion containing a polymer electrolyte solution in a dispersed phase, and then simultaneously demulsifying the emulsion with the polymer electrolyte solution. Is brought into contact with a polyelectrolyte solution or polyvalent ion solution having the opposite charge, and a gel layer composed of an electrolyte complex is formed around the small polyelectrolyte solution that has formed the dispersed phase by the polymer electrolyte reaction. It was formed.
- the polymer electrolyte solution is not brought into direct contact with a polymer electrolyte solution having a reverse charge or a polyvalent ion solution, but is once converted into an emulsion containing a dispersed phase having a uniform particle size.
- the microcapsules having a diameter substantially equal to the dispersed phase constituting the emulsion can be obtained by setting the contact point to 0 with a polymer electrolyte solution or a polyvalent ion solution having a positive charge.
- the dispersed phase and the continuous phase are separated through a plate having a through-hole, and a pressure higher than the pressure applied to the continuous phase is applied to the dispersed phase. It is preferable to take a means for extruding as a key.
- demulsification In order to efficiently bring the dispersed phase into contact with a polymer electrolyte solution or a polyvalent ion solution having a charge opposite to that of the dispersed phase, demulsification is required. There are two possible means of demulsification. One is that a surfactant is usually added to the continuous phase in order to maintain the state of the emulsion, so the same substance as that constituting the continuous phase (for example, hexane) or a substance solubilized in the continuous phase is added. The other method is to add no surfactant from the beginning when preparing the emulsion.
- the emulsion is demulsified in a short time, so that the emulsion is immediately brought into contact with a polymer electrolyte solution or polyvalent ion solution having the opposite charge.
- the dispersed phase constituting the emulsion include alginic acid, potassium oxypropylcellulose, pectin, carrageenan, cellulose sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate.
- the polymer electrolyte which reacts with the dispersed phase constituting the emulsion is poly Polymers containing amino acids (eg, polyhistidine, polylysine, polyorditin, etc.), primary amine groups, secondary amine groups, tertiary amine groups or pyridinyl nitrogen (eg, polyethylenimine, polyallylimine) , Polyetheramine, polyvinyl pyridine) or aminated polysaccharides (eg, chitosan).
- amino acids eg, polyhistidine, polylysine, polyorditin, etc.
- primary amine groups eg, secondary amine groups, tertiary amine groups or pyridinyl nitrogen (eg, polyethylenimine, polyallylimine)
- Polyetheramine polyvinyl pyridine
- aminated polysaccharides eg, chitosan
- the polyvalent ions that react with the dispersed phase constituting the emulsion are C a 2+ , B a 2+ , P b 2+ , Cu2 + , Cd2 + , Sr2 + , Co2 + , Ni2 + , Zn2 + , or M n 2 + and the like.
- FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (c) are diagrams illustrating the steps of preparing an emulsion in the method for producing microcapsules according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 2 (a) and (b) are diagrams illustrating the steps of manufacturing microcapsules in the method of manufacturing microcapsules according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a microcapsule obtained by the method of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an emulsion preparation apparatus used in (Example 1) and (Example 2).
- FIG. 5 is a micrograph showing the preparation state of the emulsion of (Example 1).
- FIG. 6 is a micrograph of a microphone-mouth capsule obtained by (Example 1).
- FIG. 5 is a micrograph showing a prepared state of the emulsion of (Example 2).
- FIG. 8 is a micrograph of a microphone-mouth capsule obtained by (Example 2). BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (c) are diagrams illustrating a process for preparing an emulsion in the method for producing a microcapsule according to the present invention
- FIGS. 2 (a) and (b) are diagrams illustrating a microcapsule according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a process of manufacturing a microcapsule in a method of manufacturing a capsule
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a microphone output capsule obtained by the method of the present invention.
- a polymer electrolyte solution is supplied as a dispersed phase to one chamber partitioned by a plate having a large number of pores, and a continuous phase (hexane) is supplied to the other chamber. ).
- the dispersed phase that has entered is spherical.
- the diameter of the spherical dispersed phase entering the continuous phase depends on the size of the pores.
- the pores are formed by plasma etching used when manufacturing an integrated circuit, and by making the shape of the opening non-circular, a more homogeneous spherical dispersed phase can be obtained.
- the emulsion was phase-separated on a polymer electrolyte solution or a polyvalent ion solution having a charge opposite to that of the dispersed phase. Put it in the same container in the same condition and let the emulsion demulsify.
- Demulsification reduces the concentration of surfactant in the continuous phase by adding the same substance (hexane) or a substance that solubilizes in the continuous phase (soy oil, triolein, octane, etc.) to the emulsion. Or, do not add surfactant to the continuous phase from the beginning.
- the dispersed phase constituting the emulsion and the polymer electrolyte solution or polyvalent ionic solution having a charge opposite to that of the dispersed phase are formed.
- the microcapsules In order to use the microcapsules to which cells and the like are added for treating the human body and to prevent disease, the microcapsules are injected into a target site of the human body by a syringe, a catheter, or surgery.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an emulsion preparation apparatus used in the following (Example 1) and (Example 2).
- the preparation apparatus includes a plurality of plates 2, 3, and 4 in an annular case 1. 4 and a spacer.
- 1 1 is a liquid-tight first flow path in which the dispersed phase flows
- 1 2 is a liquid-tight second flow path in which the continuous phase and the emulsion flow.
- the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12 are intermediate. It communicates with the pores (microchannels) formed on plate 3.
- P1 is a dispersed phase supply pump
- P2 is a continuous phase supply pump
- P3 is an emulsion extraction pump
- 13 is a transparent window
- 14 is a CCD camera.
- Chitosan (manufactured by Kimi Power Co., Ltd.) and sodium lipoxymethylcell mouth monosodium (manufactured by Nippon Rika Chemical Co., Ltd.) were used as the raw materials for the capsules.
- Hexane was used as a continuous phase component of the emulsion
- TGCR-310 (manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was used as a surfactant.
- an extremely monodispersed emulsion having a particle diameter of about 50 ⁇ m was prepared by using the pores (microchannels) formed on the plate (partition wall). Capsules made from the emulsion were also almost monodisperse with almost the same particle size.
- Alginate made by Kimikiri Co., Ltd. was used as a raw material for the capsule. Soybean oil was used for the oil phase. A 0.1 M calcium chloride solution was used as the reaction solution.
- a 1.5% aqueous solution of alginic acid (dispersed phase) is supplied to the first flow path 11 of the apparatus shown in FIG. 4, and soybean oil (continuous phase) to which no surfactant is added is supplied to the second flow path 12. Then, a 1.5% aqueous solution of alginic acid was extruded into soybean oil through pores (microchannels) to prepare an emulsion.
- Example 2 As shown in FIG. 7, a homogeneous emulsion having a dispersed phase (droplet diameter) of about 80 m could be prepared. Then, by contacting (dropping) this with an aqueous solution of calcium chloride, a capsule having a particle size of about 100 m was obtained as shown in FIG.
- an emulsion was once prepared, and then the dispersed phase constituting this emulsion was brought into contact with a polymer electrolyte solution or polyvalent ion solution of opposite charge and a polyvalent ion solution in another container in another container.
- Micro force capsules are being produced, but one device is used to continuously produce microphone mouth capsules. It can also be made.
- the first flow path 11 is divided into right and left by a partition wall at a substantially middle point, and the dispersed phase is supplied to the left flow path via the pump P 1 as before.
- a polymer electrolyte solution or a polyvalent ion solution having a charge opposite to that of the dispersed phase is supplied by another pump.
- an emulsion is produced on the upstream side of the second flow path 12, that is, in the region where the dispersed phase is supplied through the pores of the plate 3, and on the downstream side (right side in the figure), that is, the plate 3
- Microcapsules are formed in a region where a polymer electrolyte solution or a polyvalent ion solution having a charge opposite to that of the dispersed phase is supplied through the pores.
- the particle size of the dispersed phase particles (microcapsules) of the emulsion depends on the pore size, and the particle size is controlled. Becomes difficult.
- a continuous phase is flowed into one of the microchannels that merge with each other, and a dispersed phase is flowed into the other, and the continuous phase and the dispersed phase are merged in a laminar flow state.
- a method is also conceivable in which the flow velocity of the continuous phase and the dispersed phase is rapidly reduced to make the dispersed phase particles visible in the continuous phase to form an emulsion.
- the dispersed phase is taken into the continuous phase one by one by the shear force of the continuous phase, and the particle size can be controlled by the flow rates of the continuous phase and the dispersed phase.
- the microchannel is formed on a glass substrate, a silicon substrate, or the like.
- the flow path of the continuous phase merges at an angle of 30 to 80 ° from both sides across the microchannel serving as the flow path of the dispersed phase, and immediately after this, the flow rate is rapidly reduced. It is conceivable to set up a large-capacity pool.
- a capsule having a double structure in which the inside is a polymer electrolyte solution and the outside is a gel formed by the reaction of this polymer electrolyte solution with another electrolyte solution Can be stably produced in large quantities with a uniform particle size distribution.
- the present invention can be effectively used in the fields of DDS (drug delivery system), treatment of the human body, food industry or cosmetics manufacturing.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003266525A AU2003266525A1 (en) | 2002-09-18 | 2003-09-17 | Process for producing microcapsule |
JP2004537584A JPWO2004026457A1 (ja) | 2002-09-18 | 2003-09-17 | マイクロカプセルの製造方法 |
US10/525,108 US20060121122A1 (en) | 2002-09-18 | 2003-09-17 | Process for producing microcapsule |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002-271973 | 2002-09-18 | ||
JP2002271973 | 2002-09-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004026457A1 true WO2004026457A1 (ja) | 2004-04-01 |
Family
ID=32024889
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/011846 WO2004026457A1 (ja) | 2002-09-18 | 2003-09-17 | マイクロカプセルの製造方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060121122A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2004026457A1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003266525A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004026457A1 (ja) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007516067A (ja) * | 2003-05-16 | 2007-06-21 | ヴェロシス,インク. | マイクロチャネルプロセス技術を用いてエマルジョンを作製するプロセス |
JP2008174510A (ja) * | 2007-01-19 | 2008-07-31 | Kyushu Univ | 多糖質微粒子及び多糖質微粒子の製造方法 |
JP2008537028A (ja) * | 2005-04-22 | 2008-09-11 | ウニベルシダージ ド ミーニョ | 繊維に結合する反応性官能基を有するマイクロカプセル及びその使用方法 |
WO2008108324A1 (ja) | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-12 | University Of Tsukuba | ベシクルの製造方法、この製造方法によって得られるベシクル、ベシクルの製造に用いられる凍結粒子の製造方法 |
US20100172898A1 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2010-07-08 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Microstructure synthesis by flow lithography and polymerization |
JP2010532706A (ja) * | 2007-05-18 | 2010-10-14 | アプライド バイオシステムズ インコーポレイテッド | 粒子を含む実質的に均一なエマルジョンを調製するための機器および方法 |
US9290816B2 (en) | 2010-06-07 | 2016-03-22 | Firefly Bioworks Inc. | Nucleic acid detection and quantification by post-hybridization labeling and universal encoding |
US9310361B2 (en) | 2006-10-05 | 2016-04-12 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Multifunctional encoded particles for high-throughput analysis |
CN108239293A (zh) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-03 | 中国海洋大学 | 一种浒苔多糖微球及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (14)
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US7485671B2 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2009-02-03 | Velocys, Inc. | Process for forming an emulsion using microchannel process technology |
CA2582378C (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2013-12-10 | Velocys, Inc. | Multiphase mixing process using microchannel process technology |
CN101132854B (zh) | 2004-11-16 | 2011-07-06 | 万罗赛斯公司 | 使用微通道技术的多相反应方法 |
CA2587412C (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2013-03-26 | Velocys Inc. | Emulsion process using microchannel process technology |
US20070085227A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-04-19 | Tonkovich Anna L | Multi-phase contacting process using microchannel technology |
KR100740169B1 (ko) | 2006-06-28 | 2007-07-16 | 학교법인 포항공과대학교 | 세포를 포함하는 알긴산 마이크로 섬유 지지체 및 그제작방법 |
KR100942184B1 (ko) | 2008-04-25 | 2010-02-11 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 마이크로 캡슐 제조장치 및 방법 |
FR2931141B1 (fr) | 2008-05-13 | 2011-07-01 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Systeme microfluidique et procede pour le tri d'amas de cellules et de preference pour leur encapsulation en continu suite a leur tri |
US20120064143A1 (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2012-03-15 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System | Inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin |
US9283211B1 (en) | 2009-11-11 | 2016-03-15 | Rapamycin Holdings, Llc | Oral rapamycin preparation and use for stomatitis |
WO2014160328A1 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-10-02 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System | Mtor inhibitors for prevention of intestinal polyp growth |
US9700544B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2017-07-11 | Neal K Vail | Oral rapamycin nanoparticle preparations |
AU2014373683B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2020-05-07 | Rapamycin Holdings, Llc | Oral rapamycin nanoparticle preparations and use |
US11040324B2 (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2021-06-22 | The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Polyelectrolyte microcapsules and methods of making the same |
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2003
- 2003-09-17 WO PCT/JP2003/011846 patent/WO2004026457A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-09-17 US US10/525,108 patent/US20060121122A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-17 JP JP2004537584A patent/JPWO2004026457A1/ja active Pending
- 2003-09-17 AU AU2003266525A patent/AU2003266525A1/en not_active Abandoned
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EP0301777A1 (en) * | 1987-07-28 | 1989-02-01 | Queen's University At Kingston | Multiple membrane microencapsulation |
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US20060121122A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
JPWO2004026457A1 (ja) | 2006-06-15 |
AU2003266525A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
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